Wooden structure, door frame components, construction methods and manufacturing methods

Abstract

To provide a woody structure for saving labor for construction.SOLUTION: A woody structure according to the present disclosure is provided with a portal frame member having a pair of woody columns and a woody beam laterally bridged between the pair of woody columns. The pair of woody columns and woody beams are integrally composed of a single woody base material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wooden structure, a portal frame member, a construction method, and a manufacturing method. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known that wooden columns and beams are joined with metal joint members. However, when metal fittings are used to join wooden columns and beams, the strength of the joint between the column and beam decreases. For this reason, Patent Document 1 discloses that cross members are cut out of a veneer to match the shape of the joint between the column and beam, and the cross members are joined to the column or beam. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-280149 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The cross member described in Patent Document 1 is a member used at the joint between a column and a beam, and therefore the joint between the column and the beam must be constructed in the same way as before, making it difficult to reduce the labor required for assembling the columns and beams.

[0005] The present invention aims to reduce labor during erection work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a portal frame member having a pair of wooden columns and a wooden beam laid horizontally between the pair of wooden columns, wherein the pair of wooden columns and the wooden beam are integrally formed from a single piece of wood-based base material, and an embedded member is embedded in the connection between the wooden columns and the wooden beam, and the embedding of the embedded member is not applied to the joining of two members, the wooden columns and the wooden beam, but to the joining of the single piece of wood-based base material. wood base materialThe present invention is applied to the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam, The embedded member is disposed so as to straddle the wooden column and the wooden beam. It is a wooden structure characterized by its [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, labor can be saved during erection work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] Fig. 1A is a perspective view of a portal frame member 10. Fig. 1B is an enlarged view of a connecting portion 13 between a wooden post 11 and a wooden beam 12. [Figure 2] 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the structure of the cross-laminated timber 1. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing method for the portal frame member 10. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the construction work. [Figure 5] Fig. 5A is an explanatory diagram of an embedded member 15. Fig. 5B is an explanatory diagram of another embedded member 15. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which two portal frame members 10 are connected in the vertical direction (Z direction). [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. [Figure 8] 8A is a cross-sectional view of the wooden post 11. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a joint 11A using a reinforcing material 30A. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. [Figure 11] Fig. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing material 30A. Fig. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the wooden pole 11 at the position where the reinforcing material 30A is attached. Fig. 11C is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20 at the position where the reinforcing material 30A is attached. [Figure 12] 12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams of a method for joining the reinforcing member 30A. [Figure 13] 13A and 13B are explanatory diagrams of a first modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. FIG. [Figure 14] 14A is an explanatory diagram of a second modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. FIG. 14B is an explanatory diagram of a third modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (X direction). [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the joint between the wooden post 11 and the beam member 40. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the beam direction (Y direction). [Figure 18] Fig. 18A is an explanatory diagram of a portal frame member 10 of a first modified example, and Fig. 18B is an explanatory diagram of a portal frame member 10 of a second modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] At least the following points will become clear from the description and drawings to be described later.

[0010] The present invention provides a wooden structure that includes a gate-type frame member having a pair of wooden columns and a wooden beam that is horizontally disposed between the pair of wooden columns, and the pair of wooden columns and the wooden beam are integrally formed from a single piece of wooden base material. Such a wooden structure can reduce labor during erection work.

[0011] The wood-based substrate is preferably a cross-laminated timber board made by stacking a first lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, thereby increasing the rigidity of the connection between the column and the beam.

[0012] It is preferable that the wooden column and the wooden beam include the second lamina in common, which strengthens the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam and further increases the rigidity of the connection.

[0013] It is desirable that an embedding member be embedded in the connection between the wooden post and the wooden beam, thereby preventing cracks in the connection.

[0014] It is desirable that the embedded member be inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the wooden beam, thereby improving the bearing strength of the connecting portion.

[0015] The wood-based base material is a cross-laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are stacked and arranged, The holes for inserting the embedded members are preferably provided in the first lamina, thereby maintaining the strength of the wooden beam.

[0016] It is desirable that the two portal frame members are arranged vertically, and that an adjustment member for adjusting the floor height is arranged between the wooden columns of the two portal frame members. This makes it possible to compensate for insufficient floor height even if the length of the wooden columns is restricted by the dimensions of the cross-laminated timber.

[0017] It is desirable that a reinforcing material be placed on the side of the wooden column to reinforce the wooden column, thereby increasing the strength of the column in the wooden structure.

[0018] It is desirable that the two portal frame members are arranged in the girder direction and that a girder member is arranged between the wooden columns of the two portal frame members, which makes it possible to place flooring between the wooden beams of the two portal frame members.

[0019] When the girder direction is the X direction and the span direction is the Y direction, it is desirable that the two portal frame members be positioned at different positions in the Y direction, and that a girder member be positioned between the wooden column on the negative Y side of the portal frame member positioned on the positive Y side and the wooden column on the positive Y side of the portal frame member positioned on the negative Y side. This allows for the creation of a wooden structure that is wide in the span direction.

[0020] The present invention provides a portal frame member that includes a pair of wooden posts and a wooden beam that is horizontally disposed between the pair of wooden posts, the pair of wooden posts and the wooden beam being integrally formed from a single piece of wooden base material. Such a portal frame member can reduce labor during erection work.

[0021] The present invention clarifies a method for constructing a wooden structure, which includes the steps of transporting the above-mentioned portal frame members to a construction site and then supporting the wooden beams at the construction site using the pair of wooden columns as legs. This construction method can reduce labor during erection work.

[0022] The present invention clarifies a method for manufacturing a portal frame member, which includes the steps of preparing a wooden base material, and cutting out a pair of wooden posts and a wooden beam spanning the pair of wooden posts from a single piece of the wooden base material to manufacture a portal frame member in which the pair of wooden posts and the wooden beam are integrally formed from a single piece of the wooden base material. This manufacturing method makes it possible to manufacture a portal frame member that can reduce labor during erection work.

[0023] === Implementation form === <Gate type frame member> Fig. 1A is a perspective view of a portal frame member 10. Fig. 1B is an enlarged view of a connecting portion 13 between a wooden post 11 and a wooden beam 12.

[0024] The portal frame member 10 is a member (frame member) for forming columns and beams of a wooden structure (wooden structure). As will be described later, a wooden structure 100 (described later; see Figures 6, 9, 15, and 17) is constructed by combining multiple portal frame members 10. The portal frame member 10 is constructed from a single piece of wood-based substrate. Note that the wood-based substrate refers to a wood-based substrate (original material), and includes, for example, wood such as solid wood or sawn board, laminated lumber, and plywood. Note that the wood-based substrate does not have to be entirely wood-based as long as the main material is wood-based; for example, non-wood materials such as metal and resin may be used as auxiliary materials. In this example, cross-laminated timber is used as the wood-based substrate for the portal frame member 10. Using cross-laminated timber as the wood-based substrate allows for the wood-based substrate to be larger, thereby enabling the portal frame member 10 to be larger.

[0025] 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the structure of a cross-laminated timber board 1. Fig. 2A is an exploded view of a cross-laminated timber board 1. Fig. 2B is a perspective view of the cross-laminated timber board 1. Here, a 5-layer, 7-ply cross-laminated timber board 1 will be described.

[0026] Cross-laminated timber 1 is a wood-based substrate in which laminas 3 (sawn boards; boards) are layered so that the fiber direction is perpendicular to the board. Cross-laminated timber 1 is also called CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). Cross-laminated timber 1 is constructed by stacking layers in which multiple laminas 3 are aligned widthwise so that the fiber direction is perpendicular to the board. The laminas 3 that make up the cross-laminated timber 1 are fixed with adhesive. The cross-laminated timber 1 in the figure is constructed by stacking five layers with perpendicular fiber directions. Furthermore, multiple laminas 3 are aligned widthwise to form plies, and the cross-laminated timber 1 is constructed by stacking multiple plies with perpendicular fiber directions. A single layer may also be constructed with multiple plies (e.g., two layers) by connecting plies with parallel fiber directions. For example, the outer layer of the cross-laminated timber 1 in the figure is constructed with two layers of plies. Note that the lamina 3 in the figure is constructed from a single board (sawn board) in the longitudinal direction. However, the lamina 3 may be formed by joining multiple plate pieces in the longitudinal direction. When the lamina 3 is formed by joining plate pieces in the longitudinal direction, it is desirable to form a ply by arranging multiple laminas 3 in the width direction so that the seams are not adjacent in the width direction.

[0027] As shown in Figures 2A and 2B, the fiber direction of the plies (or lamina 3) that make up the outer layer is called the "strong axis direction," and the direction perpendicular to the strong axis direction is called the "weak axis direction." Also, as shown in Figure 2A, layers whose fiber direction is parallel to the strong axis direction are called "parallel layers," and layers whose fiber direction is perpendicular to the strong axis direction are called "orthogonal layers." Cross-laminated lumber 1 is constructed by alternately stacking parallel layers and orthogonal layers.

[0028] 1A and 1B is composed of a 5-layer, 7-ply cross-laminated timber 1. However, the cross-laminated timber 1 constituting the portal framing member 10 is not limited to the 5-layer, 7-ply cross-laminated timber 1, and may be a cross-laminated timber with another layer structure. Furthermore, the wood-based base material constituting the portal framing member 10 does not have to be the cross-laminated timber 1.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1A, the portal frame member 10 has a pair of wooden columns 11 and a wooden beam 12. The portal frame member 10 is configured in a portal shape by the pair of wooden columns 11 and the wooden beam 12. Therefore, compared to a configuration such as a T-shape, an L-shape, or a cross-shape, the portal frame member 10 is easily self-supporting, with the pair of wooden columns 11 serving as legs to support the wooden beam 12 (see FIG. 4, which will be described later), which reduces the labor required for erection. Furthermore, the portal frame member 10 is configured from a single cross-laminated timber board 1 (a single cross-laminated timber board 1), and the pair of wooden columns 11 and the wooden beam 12 are integrally configured by the cross-laminated timber board 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rigidity of the connection 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be increased.

[0030] In the following description, the lamina 3 parallel to the wooden column 11 will be referred to as the first lamina 3A, and the lamina 3 perpendicular to the first lamina 3A (lamina 3 parallel to the wooden beam 12) will be referred to as the second lamina 3B. The first lamina 3A is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is perpendicular to the strong axis direction and constitutes an orthogonal layer. The second lamina 3B is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the strong axis direction and constitutes a parallel layer. Furthermore, the first lamina 3A is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11, and the second lamina 3B is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam 12.

[0031] Also, as shown in Figure 1A, the various directions are defined. The direction parallel to the wooden columns 11 is the Z direction, the direction parallel to the wooden beams 12 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y and Z directions is the X direction. The X direction is sometimes called the longitudinal direction. The Y direction is sometimes called the span direction. The Z direction is sometimes called the vertical direction.

[0032] The wooden column 11 is a part that constitutes a wooden column. The wooden column 11 is made up of cross-laminated timber timber 1. Therefore, the wooden column 11 is made up of multiple laminas 3 (first lamina 3A, second lamina 3B) that are stacked and arranged so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other. The pair of wooden columns 11, 11 are arranged parallel to each other with a gap between them.

[0033] The wooden beam 12 is a part that constitutes a wooden beam. The wooden beam 12 is laid horizontally (hung across) between a pair of wooden columns 11, 11. Like the wooden columns 11, the wooden beam 12 is made of cross-laminated timber timber 1. Therefore, like the wooden columns 11, the wooden beam 12 is also made of multiple laminas 3 (first lamina 3A, second lamina 3B) that are stacked and arranged so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other. A wooden column 11 is provided at each end of the wooden beam 12.

[0034] The portal frame member 10 of this embodiment is composed of a single cross-laminated timber 1 formed by stacking a layer made up of first lamina 3A and a layer made up of second lamina 3B. In this embodiment, the pair of wooden columns 11, 11 and the wooden beam 12 are integrally formed from a single cross-laminated timber 1, so that the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beam 12 are integrally connected without any joints, thereby increasing the rigidity of the connection 13 between the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beam 12 (the boundary between the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beam 12).

[0035] Furthermore, the portal frame member 10 is constructed from cross-laminated timber 1, whose strong axis direction is along the wooden beam 12. FIG. 1B shows that the fiber direction of the lamina 3 that make up the outer layer (lamina 3 that make up the parallel layer; second lamina 3B) is along the wooden beam 12. In other words, the fiber direction of the second lamina 3B is parallel to the strong axis direction of the cross-laminated timber 1. The fiber direction of the first lamina 3A is perpendicular to the strong axis direction of the cross-laminated timber 1. By constructing the portal frame member 10 from cross-laminated timber 1, whose strong axis direction is along the wooden beam 12, the strength of the wooden beam 12 can be increased.

[0036] In this embodiment, the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 share a common second lamina 3B. FIG. 1B shows that the second lamina 3B that forms the outer layer of the portal frame member 10 forms the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12, and that the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 share a common second lamina 3B. However, the common second lamina 3B that forms the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 is not limited to the second lamina 3B disposed on the surface of the portal frame member 10, but may also be the second lamina 3B disposed inside the portal frame member 10 (the second lamina 3B that forms the inner layer of the cross-laminated timber timber 1). Configuring the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 to share a common second lamina 3B strengthens the connection between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12, thereby further increasing the rigidity of the connection portion 13.

[0037] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing method for the portal frame member 10. As shown in the above figure, a single cross-laminated timber board 1 is prepared. For example, the dimension of the cross-laminated timber board 1 in the strong axis direction is several meters to several dozen meters, and the dimension in the weak axis direction is several meters. Next, as shown in the diagram below, a portal frame member 10 is cut out from a single cross-laminated timber board 1. The wooden columns 11 are cut out along the weak axis direction of the cross-laminated timber board 1, and the wooden beams 12 are cut out along the strong axis direction of the cross-laminated timber board 1. The cut portal frame member 10 is configured into a portal shape by a pair of wooden columns 11, 11 and a wooden beam 12. By cutting the portal frame member 10 out of a single cross-laminated timber board 1, the wooden columns 11 and wooden beams 12 are integrally connected without any joints. This increases the rigidity of the connection 13 between the wooden columns 11 and wooden beams 12. Furthermore, the portal frame member 10 manufactured in a factory can be transported to the construction site by truck or other means, eliminating the need to join the wooden columns 11 and wooden beams 12 at the construction site, thereby reducing the number of steps at the construction site.

[0038] Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the construction work. As shown in the upper diagram, a portal frame member 10 is transported to a construction site. As already explained, the portal frame member 10 of this embodiment is configured in a portal shape using a pair of wooden columns 11 and a wooden beam 12. Therefore, the portal frame member 10 has a shape that allows it to stand on its own, with the pair of wooden columns 11 serving as both legs to support the wooden beam 12. As shown in the lower diagram, by erecting the pair of wooden columns 11 at the construction site, it is possible to erect a wooden structure 100 (described below) by making the portal frame member 10 stand on its own, with the pair of wooden columns 11 serving as both legs to support the wooden beam 12. In addition, because the portal frame member 10 of this embodiment is made of a relatively lightweight wood-based base material, the portal frame member 10 is lighter in weight than frame members made of reinforced concrete or the like. In this way, the ability of the portal frame member 10 to stand on its own and the fact that the portal frame member 10 is lightweight work synergistically, making it possible to reduce the size of equipment such as cranes when erecting the wooden structure 100 (described below), thereby reducing the labor required during the erection work.

[0039] In this embodiment, since the portal frame member 10 is made of a wood-based base material and the wooden columns 11 and wooden beams 12 are rigidly connected, there is a risk of cracking at the connecting portions 13. Therefore, by providing embedded members 15, which will be described next, cracking at the connecting portions 13 may be suppressed.

[0040] FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram of the embedded member 15. FIG.

[0041] The embedded member 15 is embedded in the connection 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12. The embedded member 15 reinforces the portal frame member 10 by bearing part of the stress applied to the portal frame member 10. The embedded member 15 is arranged to straddle the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12. That is, one end of the embedded member 15 is arranged in the wooden column 11, and the other end of the embedded member 15 is arranged in the wooden beam 12, so that the center of the embedded member 15 is located at the boundary between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12. By arranging the embedded member 15 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 in this way, it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring in the connection 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 (it is possible to improve the strength of the portal frame member 10). Therefore, the embedded member 15 functions as a crack prevention material for the portal frame member 10. The embedded member 15 is, for example, a rod-shaped member made of metal, and is embedded in the portal frame member 10. By embedding the embedded member 15 made of metal inside the portal frame member 10, the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10 can be maintained.

[0042] 5A is disposed parallel to the wooden beam 12. However, the embedded member 15 does not have to be parallel to the wooden beam 12, as will be described below.

[0043] 5B is an explanatory diagram of another embedded member 15. The embedded member 15 shown in FIG. 5B is disposed at an angle to the wooden beam 12. Furthermore, a pair of embedded members 15, one above the other, are disposed at an angle in different directions. This improves the strength of the connecting portion 13 against moment forces acting between the wooden post 11 and the wooden beam 12.

[0044] As shown in Figures 5A and 5B, a hole is drilled from the side of the wooden column 11 opposite the wooden beam 12 toward the wooden beam 12. A rod-shaped embedding member 15 is inserted into this hole, allowing the embedding member 15 to be embedded inside the portal frame member 10. An adhesive is filled into the gap between the embedded member 15 and the inner wall of the hole into which the embedded member 15 is inserted, and as the adhesive hardens, the embedded member 15 becomes one with the portal frame member 10. As a result, the strength of the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be improved by the adhesive strength of the adhesive and the strength of the embedded member 15.

[0045] In the so-called GIR (Glued in Rod) joint, holes are drilled in the two members to be joined, a rod-shaped member is inserted into the hole, and the adhesive that fills the gap around the rod-shaped member is then cured. The method of embedding the embedded member 15 shown in Figures 5A and 5B is almost the same as the method of embedding a rod-shaped member in a GIR joint. However, the difference is that while a GIR joint is applied to joining two members, the embedding of the embedded member 15 shown in Figures 5A and 5B is applied to the connecting portion 13 between a wooden column 11 and a wooden beam 12 made of a single cross-laminated timber board 1.

[0046] It is desirable that the holes for inserting the embedded members 15 be provided in the first lamina 3A (lamina 3 parallel to the wooden column 11). This avoids damaging the fibers parallel to the wooden beam 12, thereby maintaining the strength of the wooden beam 12. It is also desirable to insert wooden plugs into the holes into which the embedded members 15 are inserted. This prevents the embedded members 15 from being exposed, thereby maintaining the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10.

[0047] <Wood structure (1)> FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which two portal frame members 10 are connected in the vertical direction (Z direction). FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. 6. A construction method for the wooden structure 100 involves the steps of preparing the portal frame members 10 described above and assembling the wooden structure 100 using the portal frame members 10. The wooden structure 100 in the figure has two portal frame members 10 and an adjustment member 20. Here, the two portal frame members 10 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction.

[0048] As already explained, the portal frame member 10 has a pair of wooden pillars 11, 11 and a wooden beam 12. The portal frame member 10 is erected so that the wooden pillars 11 are oriented vertically as shown in Figure 6, forming a wooden structure 100. Because the portal frame member 10 is self-supporting, it is possible to reduce the labor required to erect the wooden structure 100.

[0049] Because the wooden beams 12 support the flooring 50, when two portal frame members 10 are connected vertically, the floor height of the wooden structure 100 is the distance between the wooden beams 12 of the upper portal frame member 10 and the wooden beams 12 of the lower portal frame member 10. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the length of the wooden columns 11 is restricted by the dimension in the minor axis direction of the cross-laminated timber 1 (because it is equal to or less than the dimension in the minor axis direction of the cross-laminated timber 1), so the floor height may not be sufficient if the length of the wooden columns 11 of the portal frame members 10 alone is sufficient. Therefore, when the floor height is insufficient if the length of the wooden columns 11 of the portal frame members 10 alone is sufficient, an adjustment member 20 is placed between the two portal frame members 10, as shown in FIG. 6. However, if the length of the wooden columns 11 of the gate-type frame members 10 is sufficient to provide the floor height, the wooden columns 11 of the two gate-type frame members 10 may be joined directly to each other without interposing an adjustment member 20 between them.

[0050] The adjustment member 20 is a member for adjusting the floor height. The adjustment member 20 is placed between the wooden column 11 of the upper portal frame member 10 and the wooden column 11 of the lower portal frame member 10. This makes it possible to adjust the distance between the wooden beam 12 of the upper portal frame member 10 and the wooden beam 12 of the lower portal frame member 10. By placing the adjustment member 20 between the vertically arranged portal frame members 10, it is possible to compensate for a lack of floor height even if the length of the wooden column 11 is restricted by the dimensions of the cross-laminated timber 1. Here, the adjustment member 20 is made of cross-laminated timber (see FIG. 2B). However, the adjustment member 20 may also be made of a wood-based base material other than cross-laminated timber, such as solid wood, laminated wood, or laminated wood.

[0051] It is desirable that the adjustment member 20 be made of wood-based materials, just like the portal frame member 10. This allows the wood-based appearance to be maintained. It is also desirable that the adjustment member 20 be made of cross-laminated timber, just like the portal frame member 10. This allows the appearance of the wooden structure 100 to be unified.

[0052] Fig. 8A is a cross-sectional view of the wooden post 11. Fig. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20. At the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20, the end faces of the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 are aligned, so the outer shape of the cross section of the wooden post 11 and the outer shape of the cross section of the adjustment member 20 are approximately the same.

[0053] As already explained, the portal frame member 10 is composed of orthogonal laminated timber 1 whose strong axis is oriented along the wooden beam 12. As a result, as shown in Figure 8A, the cross section of the wooden column 11 contains more second lamina 3B whose fiber direction is perpendicular to the wooden column 11 than first lamina 3A whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 8B, the adjustment member 20 is composed of orthogonal laminated timber 1 whose strong axis is oriented along the wooden column 11. As a result, the cross section of the adjustment member 20 contains more laminae 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11 than the cross section of the wooden column 11. By using such an adjustment member 20, the strength of the column of the wooden structure 100 (a column composed of the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20) can be improved.

[0054] The joint 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 shown in Figure 6 is formed by joining with an adhesive. At the construction site of the wooden structure 100, adhesive (e.g., epoxy resin) is applied to the joint surface (the end face of the wooden column 11 or the end face of the adjustment member 20), and the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 are joined with the adhesive. However, if joining with adhesive is insufficient, the joint 11A may be reinforced with a joining member (described later).

[0055] Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 using a reinforcing material 30A. Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing material 30A. Fig. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the wooden column 11 at the position where the reinforcing material 30A is attached.

[0056] The reinforcing material 30A is a plate-like member placed on the side of the wooden column 11. The reinforcing material 30A is a member that reinforces the strength of the wooden column 11. Note that the reinforcing material 30A in the figure also functions as a joining member that joins the joints 11A of the wooden column 11 (described later). Here, the reinforcing material 30A is made of cross-laminated timber 1. However, the reinforcing material 30A may also be made of a wood-based base material other than cross-laminated timber, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL).

[0057] It is desirable that the reinforcing member 30A be made of wood-based materials, just like the portal frame member 10 (and the adjusting member 20). This allows the wood-based appearance to be maintained. It is also desirable that the reinforcing member 30A be made of cross-laminated timber, just like the portal frame member 10. This allows the appearance of the wooden structure 100 to be unified.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 11A, the reinforcing member 30A is composed of a cross-laminated timber 1 with its strong axis aligned along the wooden column 11. Here, the reinforcing member 30A is composed of a three-layer, three-ply cross-laminated timber 1, with the fiber direction of the lamina 3 constituting the outer layer parallel to the wooden column 11 (the fiber direction of the lamina 3 constituting the inner layer perpendicular to the wooden column 11). As shown in FIG. 11A, the cross section of the reinforcing member 30A contains many lamina 3 with their fiber direction parallel to the wooden column 11. This allows for many lamina 3 with their fiber direction parallel to the wooden column 11, as shown in FIG. 11B. In this way, by using a cross-laminated timber 1 with its strong axis aligned along the wooden column 11 and placing the reinforcing member 30A on the side of the wooden column 11, the strength of the column of the wooden structure 100 can be improved.

[0059] 9 (and 12), the reinforcing material 30A is arranged so as to straddle in the vertical direction the joint 11A of the wooden column 11 (here, the joint 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20). As a result, the reinforcing material 30A also functions as a joining member that joins the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 (in other words, a joining member that reinforces the joint 11A of the wooden column 11). Note that when the upper and lower wooden columns 11 are joined directly to each other without the interposition of the adjusting member 20, the reinforcing material 30A may be arranged so as to straddle in the vertical direction the joint 11A between the wooden columns 11 (it may also reinforce the joint 11A between the wooden columns 11). By arranging the reinforcing material 30A so as to straddle the joint 11A of the wooden column 11 in this way, the joint 11A of the wooden column 11 is reinforced, and it is possible to allow a large force (tensile force or shear force) to be applied to the joint 11A.

[0060] The reinforcing material 30A does not have to be arranged so as to straddle the joint 11A of the wooden column 11. Even in this case, the reinforcing material 30A can reinforce the wooden column 11 as long as it is arranged on the side of the wooden column 11.

[0061] 11C is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20 at the position where the reinforcing member 30A is attached. As shown in FIG. 11C, even in the cross section of the adjustment member 20, it is possible to have many laminae 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11. In this way, by using orthogonal laminated timber 1 with the strong axis direction along the wooden column 11 and arranging the reinforcing member 30A on the side of the adjustment member 20, it is possible to improve the strength of the column (adjusting member 20) of the wooden structure 100.

[0062] 11B and 11C, the reinforcing material 30A is preferably placed on the side of the wooden column 11 or the adjustment member 20 so as to be stacked in the stacking direction of the cross-laminated timber 1 that constitutes the wooden column 11 or the adjustment member 20. This makes it possible to prevent the cross-laminated timber 1 from cracking when the reinforcing material 30A is attached to the side of the wooden column 11 with bolts, screws (described later), or the like.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 9, two reinforcing members 30A are attached to the side of the pillar, one above the other. Of the two reinforcing members 30A arranged vertically, the upper reinforcing member 30A is arranged so as to straddle the upper joint 11A of the adjustment member 20, and the lower reinforcing member 30A is arranged so as to straddle the lower joint 11A of the adjustment member 20. When two reinforcing members 30A are arranged vertically in this manner, it is desirable that the end faces of the reinforcing members 30A butt against each other, as shown in FIG. 9. This allows the side face of the pillar to be flat, preventing steps from being formed on the side face of the pillar. However, a gap may be formed between the end face of the upper reinforcing member 30A and the end face of the lower reinforcing member 30A.

[0064] 12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams of a method for joining the reinforcing member 30A.

[0065] Here, a through bolt 31 and a pull screw 32 are used as connecting members for connecting the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjustment member 20). The through bolt 31 is inserted into a through hole that penetrates the pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 between them, and a nut is attached to one end of the through bolt 31. The pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 are fastened together by the through bolt 31 (and the nut). The pull screw 32 is a screw that is driven from the surface of the reinforcing member 30A toward the wooden column 11. The pull screw 32 is driven from the surface of each of the pair of reinforcing members 30A toward the wooden column 11 (that is, driven from both sides of the column). When the pull screw 32 is driven, the wooden column 11 is pulled toward the reinforcing member 30A, so that the wooden column 11 and the reinforcing member 30A can be fixed without any gaps. The method of joining the reinforcing material 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) is not limited to the method using the through bolt 31 or the pull screw 32. For example, the reinforcing material 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) may be bonded together with an adhesive. When joining the reinforcing material 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) with the through bolt 31 or the pull screw 32, it is desirable to plug the holes formed in the surface of the reinforcing material 30A with wooden plugs. This allows the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10 to be maintained.

[0066] As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B , drift pins 33 may be embedded between the reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11. The drift pins 33 are rod-shaped metal fittings that are driven into through holes that penetrate a pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 between them. By embedding the drift pins 33 between the reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11, stress can be transmitted between the reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 via the drift pins 33, strengthening the bond between the reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11. Note that if sufficient bonding strength can be obtained with an adhesive, the drift pins 33 do not need to be used. Furthermore, when the drift pins 33 are driven in, it is desirable to plug the holes formed in the surface of the reinforcing members 30A with wooden plugs. This allows the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10 to be maintained.

[0067] The joining member used at the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 (or the wooden post 11) is not limited to the reinforcing member 30A. For example, joining members described below may be used.

[0068] 13A and 13B are explanatory diagrams of a first modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. FIG. In the first modified example, a cotter 30B is provided at the joint 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 (or the wooden column 11; the same applies below). The cotter 30B is a joint member provided between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20. Specifically, the cotter 30B is a member that is inserted into a groove provided in the wooden column 11 and a groove provided in the adjustment member 20. Here, the cotter 30B is made up of a cylindrical (annular) metal fitting, but it may also be made up of a member with another shape, such as a pin. By disposing the cotter 30B between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20, stress (shear stress) can be transmitted between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 via the cotter 30B, and the connection between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 becomes stronger.

[0069] FIG. 14A is an explanatory diagram of a second modified example of a joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. In FIG. In the second modified example, the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 are joined using a GIR (Glued in Rod) joint. Holes are made in the ends of the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20, and rod-shaped members 30C serving as connecting members are inserted into the holes. The adhesive that fills the gap around the rod-shaped member 30C is then allowed to harden. By joining the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 using a GIR joint, stress (tensile stress) can be transmitted between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 via the rod-shaped member 30C, strengthening the bond between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20.

[0070] 13A and 14A, it is desirable that the metal joint members (cotter 30B, rod-shaped member 30C) are embedded in the joint 11A of the wooden column 11. This allows the wooden appearance to be maintained compared to when the metal joint members are exposed.

[0071] FIG. 14B is an explanatory diagram of a third modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20. As shown in FIG. In the third modified example, a metal joint 30D (metal plate) is used instead of the joint plate (see FIG. 11A) made of cross-laminated timber 1. In this way, the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 may be joined using a metal joint member.

[0072] <Wood structure (2)> FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (X direction).

[0073] The wooden structure 100 in the figure has two portal frame members 10 and a girder member 40. Here, the two portal frame members 10 are arranged parallel to each other with a gap in the girder direction (X direction). Note that by arranging the two portal frame members 10 with a gap in the girder direction (X direction), it becomes possible to place a flooring material 50 between the wooden beams 12 of the two portal frame members 10.

[0074] The girder member 40 is a member that spans two portal frame members 10 that are lined up in the girder direction. One girder member 40 is disposed between the wooden columns 11 on the positive side of the Y direction of the two portal frame members 10, and another girder member 40 is disposed between the wooden columns 11 on the negative side of the Y direction. The girder member 40 is joined to the wooden columns 11 to transmit loads to the wooden columns 11. That is, one end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden column 11 of one of the two portal frame members 10, and the other end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden column 11 of the other of the two portal frame members 10. Here, the girder member 40 is composed of cross-laminated timber 1. The girder member 40 is composed of cross-laminated timber 1 whose strong axis is along the direction of the girder member 40. However, the beam member 40 may be made of a wood-based base material other than cross-laminated timber, such as solid wood, laminated wood, or laminated wood.

[0075] It is desirable that the girder members 40 be made of wood-based materials, just like the portal frame members 10. This allows the wooden appearance to be maintained. It is also desirable that the girder members 40 be made of cross-laminated timber, just like the portal frame members 10. This allows the appearance of the wooden structure 100 to be unified.

[0076] FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the joint between the wooden post 11 and the beam member 40.

[0077] A gusset plate 41 is attached to the side of the wooden column 11. The gusset plate 41 is a metal fitting for connecting the wooden column 11 and the beam member 40. The gusset plate 41 is a plate-shaped member that is perpendicular to the Y direction and protrudes in the X direction from the wooden column 11. A through hole is formed in the gusset plate 41 for inserting a drift pin 42.

[0078] A groove 40A is provided at the end of the girder member 40. The groove 40A is a portion (slit) into which a gusset plate 41 is inserted. In addition, a hole into which a drift pin 42 is inserted is formed at the end of the girder member 40. The gusset plate 41 is inserted into the groove 40A of the girder member 40, and the drift pin 42 is inserted through a hole in the side of the girder member 40, and the drift pin 42 is inserted into the hole in the girder member 40 and the through-hole in the gusset plate 41. In this way, the wooden column 11 and the girder member 40 are joined via the gusset plate 41 and the drift pin 42. Note that because the gusset plate 41 is inserted into the groove 40A of the girder member 40, the metal gusset plate 41 can be positioned inside the girder member 40 (the metal gusset plate 41 is not exposed), thereby maintaining the wooden appearance.

[0079] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the beam direction (Y direction).

[0080] Focusing on two portal frame members 10 positioned at different positions in the beam direction (Y direction), a girder member 40 is arranged between the wooden pillar 11 on the positive side of the Y direction of one portal frame member 10 and the wooden pillar 11 on the negative side of the Y direction of the other portal frame member 10. Therefore, one end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden pillar 11 on the positive side of the Y direction of one portal frame member 10, and the other end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden pillar 11 on the positive side of the Y direction of the other portal frame member 10. This makes it possible to configure a wooden structure 100 that is wide in the beam direction.

[0081] <Modification> FIG. 18A is an explanatory diagram of a portal frame member 10 of a first modified example. In the first modified example, the wooden beam 12 is suspended between the upper ends of a pair of wooden columns 11, 11. As a result, the portal frame member 10 of the first modified example is configured in an inverted U shape (in contrast to the portal frame member 10 of the first modified example, which is configured in an H shape). By placing the portal frame member 10 of the first modified example on the top floor of the wooden structure 100 (see, for example, Figures 6 and 9), the floor height of the top floor can be increased.

[0082] FIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram of the portal frame member 10 of the second modified example. In the second modified example, the underside of the wooden beam 12 is curved, forming a curved surface 12A. In this way, the side surface of the wooden beam 12 is not limited to being flat, and the curved surface 12A may be formed on the wooden beam 12. In the second modified example shown in FIG. 18B, an arc-shaped curved surface 12A is formed on the underside of the wooden beam 12 so that both ends of the wooden beam 12 are thicker and the center portion of the wooden beam 12 is thinner. This improves the strength of the connection portion 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12.

[0083] In the first and second modified examples, the portal frame member 10 is also configured in a portal shape using a pair of wooden columns 11 and a wooden beam 12. Therefore, the portal frame member 10 of the first and second modified examples is also self-supporting, with the pair of wooden columns 11 serving as legs to support the wooden beam 12. In addition, in the first and second modified examples, the portal frame member 10 is also configured from a relatively lightweight wood-based base material (a single cross-laminated timber board 1), making the portal frame member 10 lighter than a frame member made of reinforced concrete or the like. In this way, the self-supporting ability of the portal frame member 10 and the lightweight portal frame member 10 work synergistically to enable the downsizing of equipment such as cranes when erecting a wooden structure 100 using the portal frame member 10 of the first and second modified examples, thereby enabling labor-saving during erection work.

[0084] ===Other embodiments=== The above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention naturally includes equivalents thereof. [Explanation of symbols]

[0085] 1 cross-laminated timber, 3 lamina, 3A 1st lamina, 3B 2nd lamina, 10 gate-shaped frame members, 11 wooden columns, 11A joints, 12 wooden beam, 12A curved surface, 13 connecting part, 15 buried member, 20 adjustment member, 30A Reinforcement material (jointing material), 30B Cotter (jointing material), 30C Rod-shaped member (joint member), 30D Joint metal fittings, 31 through bolt, 32 drawing screw, 33 drift pin, 40 beam members, 40A grooves, 41 gusset plate, 42 drift pin, 50 flooring, 100 wood structure

Claims

1. A portal frame member having a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam laid horizontally between the pair of wooden pillars, The pair of wooden columns and the wooden beams are integrally formed from a single piece of wood-based base material, An embedded member is embedded in the connection portion between the wooden column and the wooden beam, The embedding of the embedding member is not applied to the joining of two members, a wooden column and a wooden beam, but is applied to the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam, which are made of a single piece of wood-based base material, A wooden structure characterized in that the embedded member is arranged so as to straddle the wooden column and the wooden beam.

2. The wooden structure according to claim 1, The wood-based substrate is a cross-laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are stacked.

3. The wooden structure according to claim 2, A wooden structure characterized in that the wooden column and the wooden beam include a common second lamina.

4. The wooden structure according to claim 1, A wooden structure characterized in that the embedded member is inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the wooden beam.

5. The wooden structure according to claim 1 or 4, The wood-based base material is a cross-laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a board material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are stacked and arranged, A wooden structure characterized in that a hole for inserting the embedded member is provided in the first lamina.

6. The wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The two portal frame members are arranged in the vertical direction, A wooden structure characterized in that an adjustment member for adjusting the floor height is arranged between the wooden columns of the two gate-shaped frame members.

7. The wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, A wooden structure characterized in that a reinforcing material for reinforcing the wooden column is arranged on the side of the wooden column.

8. The wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The two portal frame members are arranged in the girder direction, A wooden structure characterized in that a girder member is arranged between the wooden columns of the two portal frame members.

9. The wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, When the girder direction is the X direction and the span direction is the Y direction, The two portal frame members are disposed at different positions in the Y direction, A wooden structure characterized in that a girder member is arranged between the wooden column on the negative Y-side of the gate-shaped frame member arranged on the positive Y-side and the wooden column on the positive Y-side of the gate-shaped frame member arranged on the negative Y-side.

10. A pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam spanning the pair of wooden columns; Equipped with The pair of wooden columns and the wooden beams are integrally formed from a single piece of wood-based base material, An embedded member is embedded in the connection portion between the wooden column and the wooden beam, The embedding of the embedding member is not applied to the joining of two members, a wooden column and a wooden beam, but is applied to the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam, which are made of a single piece of wood-based base material, A portal frame member characterized in that the embedded member is arranged so as to straddle the wooden pillar and the wooden beam.

11. a step of transporting the portal frame member according to claim 10 to a construction site; a step of making the gate-type frame member stand on its own at the construction site so that the pair of wooden pillars serve as both legs to support the wooden beams; A construction method for wooden structures.

12. providing a wood-based substrate; a step of manufacturing a portal frame member in which a pair of wooden columns and a wooden beam laid horizontally between the pair of wooden columns are integrally formed from one piece of the wooden base material by cutting out the pair of wooden columns and the wooden beam from one piece of the wooden base material; Equipped with An embedded member is embedded in the connection portion between the wooden column and the wooden beam, The embedding of the embedding member is not applied to the joining of two members, a wooden column and a wooden beam, but is applied to the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam, which are made of a single piece of wood-based base material, A method for manufacturing a portal frame member, wherein the embedded member is arranged to straddle the wooden column and the wooden beam.

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