Cutting and disassembly methods

Abstract

To provide a cutting method, a dismantlement method, a repair method, and an operation method capable of suppressing effluent from a structure.SOLUTION: A cutting method partitions a cavity inside a structure with encapsulation material and cuts the structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to cutting methods, dismantling methods, repair methods, and operation methods. [Background technology]

[0002] When handling a structure, in addition to normal operation work, demolition work may be required when removing the structure, and repair work may be required when maintaining the structure.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a cutting method in which a structure is turned over on its side, and then cut and disassembled into individual elements. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-210685 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, with the cutting method disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that effluent may flow out from the cavity within the structure during the cutting operation of the structure.

[0006] The present disclosure aims to provide cutting, dismantling, repair, and operation methods that can suppress effluent from structures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problem, the cutting method according to the present disclosure partitions a cavity within a structure with a sealing material and then cuts the structure.

[0008] The repair method of the present disclosure also identifies cracks extending from a cavity within a structure to an exterior surface of the structure and seals the cracks with a sealant.

[0009] In addition, the operating method according to the present disclosure partitions the cavity within the structure with a sealing material and operates the structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] The methods of the present disclosure can reduce runoff from structures. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 3 is a flowchart of a cutting method according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a side view of a structure to be cut according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of a structure after a partitioning step according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a side view of a structure after a partitioning step according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the extension portion after spraying of the reinforced resin foam according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a mining rig after a partitioning step according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a side view of the vessel after the partitioning process according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure has been performed. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a side view of the wind power generation facility after a partitioning step according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure has been performed. [Figure 9] 10 is a flowchart of an operating method according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a mining rig after a partitioning process according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure has been performed. [Figure 11] 10 is a flowchart of a repair method according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a side view of the vessel after a closing step according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure has been performed. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plunger pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14]10 is a table showing confirmation results according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In all drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and common descriptions will be omitted.

[0013] First Embodiment The cutting method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0014] (Overall cutting procedure) As shown in FIG. 1, an operator performs a cutting method on a structure 1, including a partitioning step (ST01), a cutting step (ST02), and a disassembling step (ST03).

[0015] (Structure configuration) As shown in FIG. 2, in the cutting method of this embodiment, a structure 1 to be cut stands so as to extend from the bottom of the water above the water surface WS. The structure 1 comprises an extension 11 having a cavity 12 therein. The cavity 12 contains residue RS such as oil, grease, etc. The cavity 12 extends from underwater to above the water surface WS.

[0016] (Partitioning process) First, the worker performs ST01. In carrying out ST01, the worker partitions the cavity 12 in the structure 1 with a sealing material 13 including a resin foam 131. As shown in Fig. 3, in ST01, the worker fills the cavity 12 above the cutting line CUT with the resin foam 131 so as to plug the cavity 12. At this time, the worker fills the resin foam 131 so that the resin foam 131 is adhered to the entire periphery of the inner wall 14 of the extension portion 11. The worker also fills the resin foam 131 into both the upper and lower parts of the cavity 12 so that the resin foam 131 and the inner wall 14 of the extension portion 11 seal the residue RS, thereby sealing off most of the cavity 12. When it is necessary to fill the resin foam 131 in a place in the cavity 12 that is difficult to access from outside the structure 1, the worker may fill the resin foam 131 into the cavity 12 by using an opening OP provided in the extension portion 11. After filling the resin foam 131, the opening OP is sealed with a door, a cover, or the like.

[0017] The resin foam 131 is a foamed resin containing fine bubbles inside the resin. The foamed resin has a lower specific gravity and is more flexible than a material made of resin alone. If the cells inside the resin foam 131 are closed-cell foam, the rate at which the residue RS and water permeate into the resin foam 131 is slow, and this is more suitable for this application.

[0018] The resin foam 131 may be a thermoplastic resin foam or a thermosetting resin foam, but a thermosetting resin foam that can be applied and hardened at room temperature is more preferable. In the case of thermosetting resins, workers mix the base resin with the curing agent, then spray the uncured resin containing bubbles or a foaming agent onto the surface to harden it. When the uncured resin hardens, it becomes sponge-like.

[0019] The resin foam 131 may be filled in not only two places, but also three or more places to more reliably prevent leakage of the residue RS, or may be filled in only one place if it can prevent leakage of the residue RS.

[0020] The worker checks in advance by testing or the like whether the thickness of the resin foam 131 is appropriate for preventing leakage of the residue RS and preventing water intrusion.

[0021] Thermosetting resin foams include, but are not limited to, foams of urethane resin, phenol resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, and acrylic resin.

[0022] For example, rigid urethane foam can be obtained by mixing a polyisocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups (NCO) and a polyol having two or more hydroxyl groups (OH) together with a catalyst (an amine compound, etc.), a blowing agent (water, fluorocarbon, etc.), a foam stabilizer (silicone oil), etc., and spraying the mixture onto a predetermined location to simultaneously carry out the foaming reaction and the resinification reaction. The density of rigid urethane foam is 25 to 35 kg / m. 3 So much so that it floats on water. In addition, the usable temperature range for rigid urethane foam is approximately -70 to 100°C, so it can be used outdoors almost throughout the year.

[0023] If it is difficult to seal the cavity 12 in a plug-like shape as shown in Figure 3 due to the low viscosity and easy flow of the uncured resin foam 131, the worker may take measures such as placing a net of an appropriate mesh size or a cloth or sheet of an appropriate thickness at the lower end of the resin foam 131 filling area to suppress the flow of the uncured resin foam 131.

[0024] Furthermore, if there is a possibility that water may enter the structure 1 from portions other than the extension portion 11 or from the connection between the extension portion 11 and portions other than the extension portion 11, after performing ST01 and before performing ST02, the worker may take measures such as spraying a resin material from inside or outside the structure 1 to the portions where water may enter to seal the path of seawater intrusion. When spraying the resin material from the outside, the worker may spray the resin material directly onto the target area using a sprayer, etc., but considering work safety, the spraying work may also be performed using a drone, for example, equipped with a spray system for discharging resin foam. The resin material to be sprayed is a material similar to the resin foam 131.

[0025] (Cutting process) Following the execution of ST01, the worker executes ST02. In carrying out ST02, the worker cuts the structure 1 so as to cross the cavity 12 at the cutting line CUT, which is the underwater portion of the extension 11, and collapses the cut structure 1 as a whole, laying it on the water surface WS. Cutting means include laser cutting, electric saws, water cutters, and welding, but the worker may select the cutting means depending on the circumstances, such as the material of the extension portion 11, the thickness between the outer and inner surfaces of the extension portion 11, the size of the extension portion 11, environmental conditions, construction period, and regulations regarding construction work. The worker may remove the portions of the structure 1 other than the extension portion 11 before cutting.

[0026] If the hardened resin foam 131 is adhered to the inner wall 14 of the extension portion 11, the resin foam 131 can prevent the residue RS from leaking and also prevent water from entering the cavity 12 when the cut structure 1 is laid on the water surface WS. This also makes the structure 1 more likely to float on the water surface WS.

[0027] If necessary, the worker may install a float on the structure 1 lying on the water surface WS to prevent it from sinking in the water, or if filling the cavity 12 with resin foam 131 sufficiently prevents water from entering the cavity 12 and the structure 1 does not sink in the water, the installation of the float may be omitted.

[0028] Furthermore, in case of a leakage of the residue RS, the worker may surround the structure 1 that has been cut and is floating on the water surface WS with a fence or the like to prevent the residue RS from spreading. Additionally, the operator may prepare dispersants, gelling agents, oil absorbents, etc. in case of a spill of the residue RS. When cutting the structure 1, if the structure 1 falls over forcefully, the structure 1 itself may be damaged, causing the residue RS to leak, or the large impact or splashes of water may damage floats or fences that have been installed in advance around the area where the structure 1 falls. Therefore, the worker may support the structure 1 with a crane or the like and gradually fall it over.

[0029] When gradually tilting the structure 1, the worker may float a raft as a float at the position where the structure 1 is to be tilted, and then slowly tilt the structure 1 onto the raft. In this case, multiple rafts may be provided.

[0030] (Disassembly process) Following the execution of ST02, the worker executes ST03. In performing ST03, the worker disassembles the cut structure 1. In this case, the worker can tow the cut structure 1, floating it on the water surface WS, to a location where it can be disassembled, and disassemble the structure 1 into small parts for disposal.

[0031] (Action and effect) According to the cutting method of this embodiment, the residue RS remaining inside the structure 1 is less likely to flow out of the structure 1. Therefore, the outflow of materials from the structure 1 onto the water surface WS when the structure 1 is cut is suppressed.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, the outflow of the residue RS in the extension portion 11 to the water surface WS or the outflow of the residue RS via the extension portion 11 to the water surface WS is suppressed.

[0033] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, even if the structure 1 falls onto the water surface WS, the residue RS remaining in the partitioned cavity 12 is unlikely to flow out onto the water surface WS. Therefore, the outflow of residual material RS to the water surface WS is suppressed.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, by applying the resin foam 131, the worker can close even a narrow gap. Therefore, the operator can easily partition cavities 12 of various sizes and shapes.

[0035] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, before cutting, a resin material is sprayed from the outside of the structure 1, thereby preventing leakage of the residue RS to the water surface WS from areas that are difficult to suppress with the sealing material 13.

[0036] Second Embodiment A cutting method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The cutting method of this embodiment is the same as the cutting method of the first embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0037] (Cutting method procedure) In this embodiment, in performing ST01, the worker partitions the cavity 12 in the structure 1 with a sealing material 13 including a balloon 132. 4, in ST01, the worker inflates and installs the balloon 132 in the portion of the cavity 12 above the cutting line CUT so that the balloon 132 plugs the cavity 12. At this time, the worker installs the balloon 132 so that the balloon 132 contacts the inner wall 14 around the entire circumference of the stretched portion 11. The worker also installs the balloons 132 at both the top and bottom of the cavity 12 so that the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 of the stretched portion 11 seal off the majority of the cavity 12, sealing off the majority of the cavity 12. When it is necessary to install the balloon 132 in a location where it is difficult to access the cavity 12 from outside the structure 1, an operator may use an opening OP provided in the extension portion 11 to install the balloon 132 in the cavity 12 or inflate the balloon 132. After the balloon 132 is installed or inflated, the opening OP is sealed with a door, a cover, or the like.

[0038] The shape of the balloon 132 may be any shape that can adhere to the inner wall 14 when inflated, prevent leakage of the residue RS, and prevent water from entering. For example, the shape when inflated may be cylindrical, spherical, truncated conical, or the like, but is not limited to these.

[0039] The size of the balloon 132 is preferably somewhat larger than the inner diameter of the extension portion 11 so that it can adhere closely to the inner wall 14 when inflated and be fixed to the inner wall 14 by the inflation force of the balloon 132.

[0040] The material of the balloon 132 may be, but is not limited to, a rubber sheet, a rubberized cloth, or the like. The worker may stack multiple layers of rubber sheet or rubberized cloth. To prevent gas, residue RS, or water from passing through the layers of the balloon 132, the worker may insert a thin film made of a material that is impermeable to gas, residue RS, and water between the layers of the balloon 132. Examples of rubber include, but are not limited to, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber used in rescue boats, chloroprene rubber used in balloons, and urethane. The fibers contained in the rubberized fabric include, but are not limited to, polyester fibers, aramid fibers, and polyethylene fibers.

[0041] When the inflated balloon 132 is in close contact with the inner wall 14, the balloon 132 prevents the residue RS from leaking and also prevents water from entering the cavity 12 when the cut structure 1 is laid on the water surface WS. This also makes the structure 1 more likely to float on the water surface WS.

[0042] Furthermore, the worker may spray the reinforced resin foam 133 before hardening onto the contact portion between the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 as shown in Fig. 5 and harden it to improve the sealing performance against oil and seawater. The material of the reinforced resin foam 133 is the same as that of the resin foam 131.

[0043] The balloons 132 may be installed in three or more locations, not just two locations, to more reliably prevent leakage of the residue RS, or may be installed in only one location if it can prevent leakage of the residue RS.

[0044] The size of the balloon 132 appropriate for preventing leakage of the residue RS and preventing water intrusion is confirmed in advance by testing or the like.

[0045] To prevent the balloon 132 from shifting from its installed position, the worker may stretch a net over the lower end of the installation position of the balloon 132, and if necessary, over the upper and lower ends, to prevent the balloon 132 from shifting from its installed position, or may install a jig between the outer surface of the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 to fasten the balloon 132 to the inner wall 14, and fix the balloon 132 in the appropriate position by fastening it.

[0046] If the internal pressure of balloon 132 decreases after balloon 132 is installed before towing ends and structure 1 is pulled onto land, a system for replenishing gas (air) into balloon 132 in response to the decrease in internal pressure may be installed inside structure 1, etc. when balloon 132 is installed. After the structure 1 is transported to the disassembly site, workers deflate and remove the balloon 132 before disassembling the structure 1, and if there is no damage to the balloon 132, the balloon 132 may be reused. This also makes it possible to reduce the amount of industrial waste generated when the structure 1 is cut.

[0047] After performing ST01, the worker performs ST02, which is similar to the first embodiment.

[0048] (Action and effect) The cutting method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0049] In addition, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, the worker can easily close the gaps throughout the entire balloon 132 by inflating the balloon 132 . Therefore, it is easy for the operator to partition the large cavity 12.

[0050] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, the worker can recover the balloon 132 by deflating the balloon 132 before disassembling the structure 1. Therefore, the operator can reuse the balloon 132.

[0051] Furthermore, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, the reinforced resin foam 133 is sprayed and hardened between the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 of the structure 1, thereby suppressing leakage of the residue RS between the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14.

[0052] Third Embodiment A cutting method according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting method of this embodiment is the same as the cutting method of the first or second embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0053] (Cutting method procedure and structure configuration) As shown in FIG. 6, in the cutting method of this embodiment, the structure 1 to be cut is a mining rig 101 installed on water. An operator performs a cutting method on the mining rig 101, similar to the first or second embodiment, including a partitioning step (ST01), a cutting step (ST02), and a disassembling step (ST03).

[0054] The mining rig 101 is located on the ocean. The mining rig 101 comprises a pillar 111 . The pillar portion 111 has a cavity 12 inside and extends from the bottom of the water above the water surface WS. The cavity 12 contains residue RS such as oil, grease, etc. The cavity 12 extends from underwater to above the water surface WS.

[0055] In performing ST01, the worker separates the cavity 12 in the pillar 111 with a sealant 13, in performing ST02, the worker cuts the mining rig 101 so that it crosses the cavity 12 in the underwater part of the pillar 111, and in performing ST03, the worker disassembles the cut mining rig 101 into small parts where disassembly is possible. The worker can use the resin foam 131 used in the first embodiment or the balloon 132 used in the second embodiment as the sealant 13 that partitions the cavity 12.

[0056] (Action and effect) The cutting method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0057] <Fourth embodiment> A cutting method according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting method of this embodiment is the same as the cutting method of the first or second embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0058] (Cutting method procedure and structure configuration) As shown in FIG. 7, in the cutting method of this embodiment, the structure 1 to be cut is a ship 201. An operator performs a cutting method on the ship 201, similar to the first or second embodiment, including a partitioning step (ST01), a cutting step (ST02), and a disassembling step (ST03).

[0059] The vessel 201 comprises a hull 211 having a cavity 12 therein. The cavity 12 contains residue RS such as oil, grease, etc.

[0060] In carrying out ST01, the worker partitions off the cavity 12 inside the vessel 211 with sealing material 13, in carrying out ST02, the worker cuts the vessel 201 at the part including the cavity 12 to a size that makes it easy to carry out ST03, and in carrying out ST03, the worker disassembles the cut vessel 201 into small parts at places where they can be disassembled. The worker can use the resin foam 131 used in the first embodiment or the balloon 132 used in the second embodiment as the sealant 13 that partitions the cavity 12.

[0061] (Action and effect) The cutting method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0062] Fifth Embodiment A cutting method according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting method of this embodiment is the same as the cutting method of the first or second embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0063] (Cutting method procedure and structure configuration) As shown in FIG. 8, in the cutting method of this embodiment, the structure 1 to be cut is a wind power generation facility 301 installed on water. The worker performs a cutting method on the wind power generation facility 301, similar to the first or second embodiment, including a partitioning step (ST01), a cutting step (ST02), and a disassembling step (ST03).

[0064] The wind power generation facility 301 is installed on the ocean. The wind power generation facility 301 includes a tower 311 . In this embodiment, the tower 311 is a tower-type structure installed on the ocean, and is a large composite structure. The tower 311 has a cavity 12 inside and extends from the bottom of the water above the water surface WS. The cavity 12 contains residue RS such as oil, grease, etc. The cavity 12 extends from underwater to above the water surface WS.

[0065] In performing ST01, the worker divides the cavity 12 inside the tower 311 with a sealant 13, in performing ST02, the worker cuts the wind power generation equipment 301 so that it crosses the cavity 12 in the underwater part of the tower 311, and in performing ST03, the worker disassembles the cut wind power generation equipment 301 into small parts at places where it can be disassembled. The worker can use the resin foam 131 used in the first embodiment or the balloon 132 used in the second embodiment as the sealant 13 that partitions the cavity 12.

[0066] When performing ST01, the operator may partition off the portion of cavity 12 directly below nacelle 312 with sealing material 13 in order to prevent the outflow of residue RS remaining inside nacelle 312 or near nacelle 312.

[0067] If there is a possibility that water may enter the structure 1 through the nacelle 312 or the connection between the nacelle 312 and the tower 311 of the wind power generation equipment 301, after performing ST01 and before performing ST02, the worker may take measures such as spraying a resin material from inside or outside the wind power generation equipment 301 onto the parts where water may enter, thereby sealing the path of seawater intrusion.

[0068] The worker may remove the propeller 313 from the wind power generation facility 301 before carrying out ST02.

[0069] (Action and effect) The cutting method of this embodiment has the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0070] In addition, according to the cutting method of this embodiment, leakage of residue RS inside the nacelle 312 or near the nacelle 312 to the water surface WS is suppressed.

[0071] Sixth Embodiment An operating method according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The partitioning step performed in the operating method of this embodiment is the same as the partitioning step performed in the cutting method of the first or second embodiment, except for the points described below. The mining rig 101 used in the operating method of this embodiment is similar to the mining rig 101 used in the cutting method of the third embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0072] (Operation procedure) As shown in FIG. 9, an operator performs an operation method on the structure 1, which includes a partitioning step (ST101) and an operating step (ST102). As shown in FIG. 10, in the operating method of the embodiment, the structure 1 to be operated is a mining rig 101.

[0073] (Partitioning process) First, the worker performs ST101. When performing ST101, the worker partitions off the cavity 12 inside the pillar portion 111 with a sealing material 13 to prevent leakage LK in the mining rig 101 from flowing out to the water surface WS through the pillar portion 111. The worker can use the resin foam 131 used in the first embodiment or the balloon 132 used in the second embodiment as the sealant 13 that partitions the cavity 12.

[0074] (Operation process) After performing ST101, the worker performs ST102. In performing ST102, the operator operates the mining rig 101 to extract oil or gas from the ground below the water surface WS.

[0075] (Action and effect) According to the operating method of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent leaked material LK in the structure 1, including extracted oil, from flowing out onto the water surface WS. Thus, runoff from the structure 1 is suppressed.

[0076] Seventh Embodiment A repair method according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The ship 201 used in the repair method of this embodiment is similar to the ship 201 used in the cutting method of the fourth embodiment, except for the points described below.

[0077] (Repair procedure) As shown in FIG. 11, a worker carries out a repair method on a structure 1, the repair method including an identifying step (ST201) and a sealing step (ST202). As shown in FIG. 12, in the repair method of this embodiment, the structure 1 to be repaired is a ship 201.

[0078] (Identifying process) First, the worker performs ST201. In performing ST201, the worker identifies a crack CK extending from a cavity 12 within the hull 211 of the ship 201 to the outer surface 215 of the hull 211.

[0079] (Sealing process) After performing ST201, the worker performs ST202. When performing ST202, the worker seals the identified crack CK with sealing material 13 to prevent leakage material LK in the cavity 12 inside the ship's hull 211 from flowing out from the crack CK to the outer surface 215 of the ship's hull 211. The worker can use the resin foam 131 used in the first embodiment or the balloon 132 used in the second embodiment as the sealant 13 for sealing the crack CK.

[0080] (Action and effect) According to the repair method of this embodiment, the leakage LK in the structure 1 can be prevented from flowing out of the structure 1 through the crack CK. Thus, runoff from the structure 1 is suppressed.

[0081] <Modification> The method of each embodiment may be applied to any structure where spills are possible, not just the structures described above.

[0082] The structure 1 to be applied to the method of each embodiment may be a structure provided anywhere where there is a possibility of spillage. Alternatively, the structure 1 may be a structure located on a brackish or freshwater lake. As another modification, the structure 1 may be a structure provided on the ground.

[0083] In the partitioning process of each of the first to sixth embodiments, the worker partitions the cavity 12 using a resin foam 131 or a balloon 132, but any sealing material 13 that can partition the cavity 12 may be used. Alternatively, the operator may close off the cavity 12 with a metal lid as a sealant 13 .

[0084] In the sealing step of the seventh embodiment, the worker seals the crack CK with the resin foam 131 or the balloon 132, but any sealant 13 that can seal the crack CK may be used. Alternatively, the worker may close the crack CK with a metal cover as the sealant 13.

[0085] In the fifth embodiment, the worker partitions off the cavity 12 within the tower 311 of the wind power generation facility 301 with a sealing material 13, but any cavity within the wind power generation facility 301 may be partitioned off. As a modified example, the worker may partition off the cavities in the foundations (monopile, tripile), the cavities in the blades, the cavities in the nacelle, and the like, in the wind power generation facility 301.

[0086] In the cutting methods of the first to fifth embodiments, the worker sprays the resin material from the outside of the structure 1, but any process may be performed as long as it can prevent the residue RS from flowing out. Alternatively, workers may use a drone to cover the structure 1 from outside with a sheet, completely enveloping the structure 1 and preventing the residue RS from leaking out. As another modification, in the fifth embodiment, the worker may use a drone to cover the nacelle 312 from the outside with a sheet, completely enveloping the nacelle 312 and thereby preventing the outflow of the residue RS.

[0087] The cutting method of each of the first to fifth embodiments may be applied to any method for cutting a structure. For example, the cutting method according to each of the first to fifth embodiments may be implemented as a method for dismantling a structure to be dismantled.

[0088] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the disclosure. [Example]

[0089] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples. An example of the sealing material will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0090] <Example to confirm the effect of resin foam> (1. Oil leakage prevention performance confirmation) As examples 1 to 4, the worker checked the oil leakage prevention performance of the resin foam 131. The worker used piping made of the same material as the inner wall of tower 311, which is a large composite structure of the fifth embodiment, and used plunger pump 90 to mix and discharge two-component rigid urethane foam, mixing liquid A (main agent) and liquid B (hardener), and then injected uncured resin foam 131 into one end of the piping, allowing it to harden and seal one end of the piping. Although a plunger pump 90 is shown in outline in FIG. 13, the pump for filling resin foam is not limited to this. The thickness of the resin foam 131 in the axial direction of the pipe was set to four values: 0.3 times, 0.5 times, 0.75 times, and 1.0 times the inner diameter of the pipe. The other end of the pipe was configured so that it could be closed with a lid. After the resin foam 131 hardened, the worker injected the same kind of oil as that remaining in the nacelle 312 of the fifth embodiment into the piping. Although no pressure is applied to the oil when the actual machine is dismantled, in this test, in order to be on the safe side, workers applied approximately 0.5 atmospheres of pressure to the oil, closed the valve, and left it in that state at room temperature for 14 days. After the holding period ended, the worker visually checked whether there was any oil leakage from the part sealed with the resin foam 131, and also checked whether the oil pressure had dropped significantly. The results of this confirmation are shown in FIG.

[0091] (2. Seawater intrusion prevention performance confirmation) In Examples 5 to 8, in the same manner as in "1. Confirmation of oil leakage prevention performance" above, the worker sealed one end of the pipe with resin foam 131, capped the other end, and poured water into the pipe. In this leakage confirmation test, the worker used tap water instead of seawater. Thereafter, the worker performed the same operations as in "1. Confirmation of oil leakage prevention performance" above. Assuming that the inner diameter of the cut part of the tower 311 is approximately 3 m and that approximately half of that, or 1.5 m, is submerged in seawater, a maximum hydrostatic pressure equivalent to 1.5 m (approximately 0.015 MPa) will be applied to the resin foam 131. However, to be on the safe side, the workers set the water pressure to 0.05 MPa and kept it in that state at room temperature for 14 days. After the holding period had ended, the worker visually checked whether there was any water leakage from the portion sealed with the resin foam 131, and also checked whether the water pressure had dropped significantly. The results of this confirmation are shown in FIG.

[0092] <Example to confirm the effect of balloons> (1. Oil leakage prevention performance confirmation) In Examples 9 to 13, the worker used piping made of the same material as the inner wall of tower 311, which is a large-scale composite structure of the fifth embodiment. He placed balloon 132, which becomes cylindrical when inflated, at one end of the piping in an uninflated state, injected air to inflate balloon 132, and fixed balloon 132 to the end of the piping. The outer diameter of balloon 132 in the inflated state was 1.2 times the inner diameter of the piping, and the length of balloon 132 in the axial direction of the piping was set to three values: 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 times the inner diameter of the piping. The air pressure of balloon 132 was 0.05 MPa. After inflating the balloon 132, the worker also prepared a test specimen in which a rigid urethane resin foam was sprayed as a reinforcing resin foam 133 onto the contact area between the inner surface of the pipe and the balloon 132 to improve adhesion. The side onto which the reinforcing resin foam 133 was sprayed was the side that could be accessed after inflating the balloon 132, and the thickness of the foam sprayed onto the contact area between the inner surface of the pipe and the balloon 132 was set to approximately 1 / 20 to 1 / 10 of the inner diameter of the pipe (the inner diameter of the tower 311 in the actual system) at its thickest point. The other end of the pipe was designed to be closable with a lid. After the balloon 132 was installed, the workers injected the same type of oil remaining in the nacelle 312 part of the piping. Although no pressure is applied to the oil when the actual machine is dismantled, in this test, in order to be on the safe side, workers applied a pressure of approximately 0.5 atmospheres (0.05 MPa) to the oil, closed the valve, and left it in that state at room temperature for 14 days. After the holding period ended, the worker visually checked whether there was any oil leakage from the portion sealed with the balloon 132, and also checked whether the oil pressure had dropped significantly. The results of this confirmation are shown in FIG.

[0093] (2. Seawater intrusion prevention performance confirmation) In Examples 14 to 18, in the same manner as in "1. Confirmation of oil leakage prevention performance" above, the worker sealed one end of the pipe with balloon 132, capped the other end, and poured water into the pipe. After inflating the balloon 132, the worker also prepared a test specimen in which a hard urethane resin foam was sprayed as a reinforcing resin foam 133 at the contact point between the inner surface of the pipe and the balloon 132 to improve adhesion. Assuming that the inner diameter of the cut part of tower 311 is approximately 3 m and that approximately half of that, or 1.5 m, is submerged in seawater, a maximum hydrostatic pressure equivalent to a water depth of 1.5 m (approximately 0.015 MPa) will be applied to balloon 132. However, to be on the safe side, the workers set the water pressure to 0.05 MPa and kept it in that state at room temperature for 14 days. After the holding period had ended, the worker visually checked whether there was any water leakage from the portion sealed with the balloon 132, and also checked whether the water pressure had dropped significantly. The results of this confirmation are shown in FIG.

[0094] <Additional Notes> The method according to the above-described embodiment can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0095] (1) In the cutting method according to the first embodiment, a cavity 12 in a structure 1 is partitioned with a sealing material 13, and the structure 1 is cut.

[0096] According to this embodiment, the residue RS remaining in the structure 1 is less likely to flow out of the structure 1. Therefore, the outflow of materials from the structure 1 during cutting is suppressed.

[0097] (2) A cutting method according to a second aspect is the cutting method of (1), in which the structure 1 has an extension 11 having the cavity 12 .

[0098] According to this aspect, the outflow of the residue RS within the stretched portion 11 or the outflow of the residue RS via the stretched portion 11 is suppressed.

[0099] (3) A cutting method according to a third aspect is the cutting method of (1) or (2) in which the structure 1 extends from underwater above the water surface WS.

[0100] According to this embodiment, even if the structure 1 falls onto the water surface WS, the residue RS remaining in the partitioned cavity 12 is unlikely to flow out onto the water surface WS. Therefore, the outflow of residual material RS to the water surface WS is suppressed.

[0101] (4) A cutting method according to a fourth aspect is any one of the cutting methods (1) to (3) in which the sealing material 13 includes a resin foam 131.

[0102] According to this embodiment, by applying the resin foam 131, the worker can close even a narrow gap. Therefore, the operator can easily partition cavities 12 of various sizes and shapes.

[0103] (5) A cutting method according to a fifth aspect is any one of the cutting methods (1) to (4) in which the sealing material 13 includes a balloon 132.

[0104] According to this embodiment, the worker can easily close the gaps throughout the entire balloon 132 by inflating the balloon 132. Therefore, it is easy for the operator to partition the large cavity 12. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the worker can recover the balloon 132 by deflating the balloon 132 before disassembling the structure 1. Therefore, the operator can reuse the balloon 132.

[0105] (6) A cutting method according to a sixth aspect is the cutting method (5) in which a reinforcing resin foam 133 is sprayed and solidified between the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 of the structure 1 before the cutting.

[0106] According to this embodiment, leakage of the residue RS between the balloon 132 and the inner wall 14 is suppressed.

[0107] (7) A cutting method according to a seventh aspect is any one of the cutting methods (1) to (6) in which a resin material is sprayed from the outside of the structure 1 before the cutting.

[0108] According to this embodiment, leakage of the residue RS from areas that are difficult to suppress with the sealing material 13 is suppressed.

[0109] (8) A dismantling method according to an eighth aspect is a method for dismantling a structure including any one of the cutting methods (1) to (7).

[0110] According to this embodiment, the residue RS remaining in the structure 1 is less likely to flow out of the structure 1. Therefore, the outflow of materials from the structure 1 during cutting is suppressed.

[0111] (9) A repair method according to a ninth aspect identifies a crack CK extending from a cavity 12 in a structure 1 to an outer surface 215 of the structure 1, and seals the crack CK with a sealant 13.

[0112] According to this embodiment, the leakage LK in the structure 1 can be prevented from flowing out of the structure 1 through the crack CK. Thus, runoff from the structure 1 is suppressed.

[0113] (10) In a method of operation according to a tenth aspect, the cavity 12 in the structure 1 is partitioned with a sealing material 13, and the structure 1 is operated.

[0114] According to this embodiment, leaked materials in the structure 1 can be prevented from flowing out. Thus, runoff from the structure 1 is suppressed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0115] 1 structure 11 Stretching section 12 Cavity 13 Encapsulating materials 14 Inner wall 90 Plunger Pump 101 Mining Rig 111 Column section 131 Resin Foam 132 Balloon 133 Reinforced Resin Foam 201 Ships 211 tonnage 215 Exterior 311 Tower 312 Nacelle 313 Propeller CK Crack CUT cutting line LK leaked material OP Opening RS residue WS water surface

Claims

1. a step of partitioning the cavity in a structure having an extension portion with a cavity and extending from underwater to above the water surface with a sealing material; cutting the structure along a cutting line that is the underwater portion of the extension; Including, the encapsulant includes a resin foam; the cavity contains residue; In the partitioning step, the resin foam is filled into the upper and lower parts of the cavity above the cutting line so that the residue is sealed between the resin foam and the inner wall of the extension portion; the sealing material comprises a balloon; Cutting method.

2. In the partitioning step, the resin foam is filled into the cavity by utilizing an opening provided in the extension portion. The cutting method according to claim 1 .

3. The residue is oil or grease. The cutting method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The cutting method according to claim 1 , wherein a reinforcing resin foam is sprayed between the balloon and the inner wall and hardened before the cutting step.

5. A process of partitioning the cavity in a structure having an extension portion with a cavity and extending from underwater toward above the water surface with a sealing material; cutting the structure along a cutting line that is the underwater portion of the extension; Including, the encapsulant includes a resin foam; the cavity contains residue; In the partitioning step, the resin foam is filled into the upper and lower parts of the cavity above the cutting line so that the residue is sealed between the resin foam and the inner wall of the extension portion; Before the cutting step, a resin material is sprayed from the outside of the structure. Cutting method.

6. A method for dismantling a structure, comprising the cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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