Power saving in digital radar

Abstract

The apparatus (400) includes a radar circuit (402) including a set of transmit antennas (205) and a set of receive antennas (305); and a controller (420) operably connected to the radar circuit (402) including a MAC controller (422) and a configuration circuit (430), wherein the controller (420) is configured to identify a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff, identify a power control configuration of the radar circuit based on the measurement configuration, and identify a power control mode including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode based on a measurement report corresponding to the power control configuration, and the radar circuit (402) is configured to transmit a first signal at a transmit power determined based on the measurement report and the power control mode.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to power saving schemes and, more particularly, to power saving operation of radar systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Radars based on digital and / or analog waveforms and signal processing are emerging in commercial high-resolution radar applications. This trend is fueled by the high-performance requirements and interference challenges that arise in automotive safety and autonomous driving, infrastructure, and industrial applications. Mission-critical applications require robust performance in the presence of many vehicle radars and harmful jamming signals. High-resolution imaging radars require wide-bandwidth analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) to convert signals to the digital domain. In addition, imaging radars require a large number of channels, which further increases the cost and power consumption of the device. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The present disclosure provides for power-saving operation of the radar. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In one embodiment, an apparatus for an advanced wireless system is provided. The apparatus includes a radar circuit including a set of transmit antennas and a set of receive antennas. The apparatus further includes a controller operably connected to the radar circuit, the controller including a medium access control (MAC) controller and a configuration circuit, the controller being configured to: identify a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff; identify a power control configuration for the radar circuit based on the measurement configuration; and identify a power control mode, including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode, based on a measurement report corresponding to the power control configuration. The radar circuit of the apparatus for the advanced wireless system is configured to transmit a first signal at a transmit power determined based on the measurement report and the power control mode.

[0005] In another embodiment, a method for an advanced wireless system is provided, comprising: identifying a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff, identifying a power control configuration of a radar circuit based on the measurement configuration, identifying a power control mode including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode based on a measurement report corresponding to the power control configuration, and transmitting a first signal at a transmit power determined based on the measurement report and the power control mode.

[0006] Other technical features may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following drawings, descriptions, and claims.

[0007] Before proceeding with the detailed description below, it may be advantageous to explain the definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term "couple" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, regardless of whether they are in physical contact with one another. The terms "transmit," "receive," and "communicate," and their derivatives, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "comprise" and "comprise," and their derivatives, refer to an open-ended inclusion. The term "or" is inclusive and / or. The term "associated with" and its derivatives means including, included within, interconnected with, containing, contained within, connected with, coupled to or with, communicable with, cooperate with, interleaved, juxtaposed, adjacent to, coupled to or with, having a characteristic of, having a property of, or having a relationship with, etc. The term "controller" refers to any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such controllers may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether local or remote. The phrase "at least one of," when used in conjunction with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, or that only one item in the list may be required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C.

[0008] Furthermore, the various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each formed from computer-readable program code and embodied in a computer-readable medium. The terms “application” and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, associated data, or portions thereof, adapted for implementation in suitable computer-readable program code. The phrase “computer-readable program code” includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase “computer-readable medium” includes any type of medium accessible by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), hard disk drive, compact disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. “Non-transitory” computer-readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit transient electrical or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable medium includes media capable of persistently storing data, such as rewritable optical disks or erasable memory devices, as well as media that can store data and subsequently be overwritten.

[0009] Definitions of other specific words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document, and those skilled in the art should understand that in many, if not most, cases, such definitions apply to previous and future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0010] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 1 illustrates an exemplary gNB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 illustrates an exemplary UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an exemplary radar system device and controller architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 illustrates an exemplary radar system power control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 shows a flowchart of a method for variable transmit power operation according to the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 10 illustrates an example transmit power with power ramping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates exemplary reference points for measurements according to embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 shows a flowchart of a method for wideband noise estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for subband noise and interference estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 illustrates an example V2X-assisted radar power control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 1 illustrates an example system architecture for V2X-assisted radar power control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] 1 illustrates a flowchart of a method for power saving in a radar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Detailed Description 1 through 13 described below, and the various embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure in this patent document, are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any kind of suitably arranged device or system.

[0013] 1-3 describe various embodiments implemented using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication techniques in a wireless communication system. FIGS. 1-3 may use radar techniques, including digital radar, analog radar, or hybrid radar, or related functionality or operation thereof. The illustrations in FIGS. 1-3 are not intended to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged communication system.

[0014] 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network illustrated in FIG. 1 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0015] 1, the wireless network includes gNodeBs (gNBs) 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a dedicated Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0016] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within gNB 102's coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes UE 111, which may be located in a small business (SB), UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E), UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS), UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R), UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R), and UE 116, which may be located in a mobile device (M) such as a mobile phone, wireless laptop, or wireless PDA. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a second plurality of UEs within gNB 103's coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with the UEs 111-116 using 5G, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication technologies.

[0017] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmission point (TP), transmit / receive point (TRP), enhanced base station (eNodeB or eNB), 5G base station (gNB), macrocell, femtocell, WiFi access point (AP), or other wireless-enabled device. A base station can provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols, e.g., 5G 3GPP new radio interface / access (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For convenience, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can refer to any component, such as a "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," "receiving point," or "user device." For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or is typically considered a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0018] The dotted lines indicate the approximate extents of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0019] As described in more detail below, one or more of the UEs 111-116 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for reliable reception of data and control information in advanced wireless communication systems. In particular embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for efficient synthetic aperture antenna array design and beamforming for 3D imaging, localization, and positioning in advanced wireless systems.

[0020] Although FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network, various modifications can be made to FIG. 1. For example, a wireless network can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Additionally, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide those UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. Additionally, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks, such as an external telephone network or other type of data network.

[0021] As shown in Figure 1, gNBs 101, 102, and 103 may employ a radar system such as that shown in Figures 4 and 5 as one of their communication units (e.g., circuits, modules, interfaces, functions, etc.) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Also, UEs 111 to 116 may employ a radar system including a digital radar system, an analog radar system, or a hybrid radar system as shown in Figures 4 and 5 as one of their communication units (e.g., circuits, modules, interfaces, functions, etc.) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary gNB 102 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of gNB 102 illustrated in Figure 2 is for illustrative purposes only; gNBs 101 and 103 in Figure 1 may have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs come in a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 2 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a gNB.

[0023] 2, the gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 205a-205n, multiple RF transceivers 210a-210n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 215, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 220. The gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 225, a memory 230, and a backhaul or network interface 235.

[0024] TX processing circuitry 215 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, email, or interactive video game data) from controller / processor 225. TX processing circuitry 215 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. RF transceivers 210a-210n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from TX processing circuitry 215 and upconvert the baseband or IF signals to RF signals that are transmitted via antennas 205a-205n.

[0025] The RF transceivers 210a-210n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals reflected by a UE or any other object in the network 100, from the antennas 205a-205n. The RF transceivers 210a-210n downconvert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to the RX processing circuitry 220, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, digitizing, and / or decompressing or correlating the baseband or IF signals. The RX processing circuitry 220 sends the processed baseband signals to the controller / processor 225 for further processing.

[0026] The controller / processor 225 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 225 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceivers 210a-210n, the RX processing circuitry 220, and the TX processing circuitry 215 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 225 may also support additional functionality, such as more advanced wireless communication functions. For example, the controller / processor 225 may support beamforming or directional routing operations in which outgoing signals from multiple antennas 205a-205n are weighted differently to effectively steer the outgoing signals in a desired direction. Any of a wide variety of other functions may be supported in the gNB 102 by the controller / processor 225.

[0027] The controller / processor 225 may also execute programs and other processes, such as an OS, that reside in the memory 230. The controller / processor 225 may move data into and out of the memory 230 as required by the executing processes.

[0028] The controller / processor 225 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 235. The backhaul or network interface 235 enables the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems over a backhaul connection or network. The interface 235 may support communication over any suitable wired or wireless connection. For example, if the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (e.g., one that supports 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 235 may enable the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs over a wired or wireless backhaul connection. If the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 235 may enable the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or with a larger network (such as the Internet) over a wired or wireless connection. The interface 235 includes any suitable structure supporting communication over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0029] The memory 230 is coupled to the controller / processor 225. A portion of the memory 230 may include RAM, and another portion of the memory 230 may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0030] While FIG. 2 illustrates one example of a gNB 102, various modifications can be made to FIG. 2. For example, the gNB 102 can include any number of each of the components shown in FIG. 2. As a particular example, a ground station (e.g., an access point) can include several interfaces 235, and the controller / processor 225 can support a routing function for routing data between different network addresses. As another particular example, while shown as including a single instance of the TX processing circuit 215 and a single instance of the RX processing circuit 220, the gNB 102 can include multiple instances of each (e.g., one per RF transceiver). Also, various components of FIG. 2 can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2, the gNB 102 may include a radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. The processor 340 may include controllers 420, 520 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 to control the radars 402, 502, or the controllers 420, 520 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be implemented independently and coexist with the controller 225 as shown in Figure 2 to control the radar 402 as shown in Figure 4 and the radar 506 as shown in Figure 5.

[0032] 3 illustrates an exemplary UE 116 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE 116 illustrated in FIG. 3 is for illustrative purposes only; the UEs 111-115 in FIG. 1 may have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 3 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a UE.

[0033] An advanced communications device can refer to the transmitter or receiver array of Figures 2 and 3 that provides hybrid beamforming operation based on all functional blocks and can be implemented in Figure 2 as part of a base station (BS, gNB) or in Figure 3 as a UE.

[0034] 3, the UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 310, a TX processing circuit 315, and a receive (RX) processing circuit 325. The UE 116 also includes a processor 340, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 345, a touchscreen 350, a display 355, and memory 360. The memory 360 includes an operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0035] The RF transceiver 310 receives incoming RF signals transmitted by gNBs in the network 100 from the antenna 305. The RF transceiver 310 downconverts the incoming RF signals to generate intermediate frequency (IF) signals or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to the RX processing circuitry 325, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing, and / or decompressing or correlating the baseband or IF signals. The RX processing circuitry 325 sends the processed baseband signals to the processor 340 for further processing (e.g., for web browsing data).

[0036] TX processing circuitry 315 receives outgoing baseband data (e.g., web data, email, interactive video game data, etc.) from processor 340. TX processing circuitry 315 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. RF transceiver 310 receives outgoing transmit processed baseband or IF signals from TX processing circuitry 315 and upconverts the baseband or IF signals to RF signals that are transmitted via antenna 305.

[0037] The processor 340 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and may execute an OS 361 stored in memory 360 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 340 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver 310, the RX processing circuitry 325, and the TX processing circuitry 315 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0038] The processor 340 may also execute other processes and programs resident in the memory 360, such as processes for beam management. The processor 340 may move data into and out of the memory 360 as required by the executing processes. In some embodiments, the processor 340 is configured to execute applications 362 based on an OS 361 or in response to signals received from the gNB or an operator. The processor 340 is also coupled to an I / O interface 345, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 345 is the communication path between these accessories and the processor 340.

[0039] The processor 340 is also coupled to a touchscreen 350 and a display 355. An operator of the UE 116 can input data into the UE 116 using the touchscreen 350. The display 355 may be a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as from a website.

[0040] The memory 360 is coupled to the processor 340. A portion of the memory 360 may include random access memory (RAM), and another portion of the memory 360 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0041] While Figure 3 illustrates an example of a UE 116, various modifications can be made to Figure 3. For example, various components of Figure 3 can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Also, while Figure 3 illustrates the UE 116 configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0042] As shown in Figure 3, the UE 116 may include a radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. The processor 340 may include controllers 420, 520 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 to control the radars 402, 502, or the controllers 420, 520 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be implemented independently and coexist with the processor 340 as shown in Figure 3 to control the radars 402, 502.

[0043] The present disclosure provides a power saving scheme for a radar system. Two power saving modes may be provided: In one embodiment, power control is provided; In such an embodiment, adaptive power setting is provided based on measurements and estimates of noise power, target distance, and / or path loss; In another embodiment, an idle mode is provided; In such an embodiment, operation with blanking or partial blanking of symbols / subcarriers / slots / subframes (e.g., blank format) to reduce power operation is provided.

[0044] In another embodiment, a measurement configuration for wideband and sub-band measurements is introduced. In yet another embodiment, further enhancements to vehicle-to-everything (V2X) assisted power control are introduced to improve power control accuracy.

[0045] Radars based on digital and / or analog waveforms and signal processing are emerging in commercial high-resolution radar applications. This trend is fueled by the high-performance requirements and interference challenges that arise in automotive safety and autonomous driving, infrastructure, and industrial applications. Mission-critical applications require robust performance in the presence of many vehicle radars and harmful jamming signals.

[0046] High-resolution imaging radar requires a wide-bandwidth analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the signal to the digital domain, and imaging radar requires a large number of channels, which further increases cost and power consumption.

[0047] The disclosed digital waveforms include low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and interference / jamming suppression capabilities, improving power amplifier (PA) efficiency compared to typical OFDM waveforms. The disclosed beamforming antennas reduce transmit power while providing sufficient link budget for long-range operation.

[0048] In this disclosure, power control and a set of power saving modes are defined that significantly reduce power consumption by lowering average transmit power and blanking.

[0049] In this disclosure, there may be three modes of operation. In one example of a normal mode, the radar often uses constant power transmission with peak transmit power. In another example of a low power mode, a transmit power less than the peak transmit power is used based on a power control algorithm that takes into account maximum range, target distance path loss estimates, and / or noise and interference estimates. In yet another example of an idle mode, blanking of specific symbols / slots / subcarriers or beams is provided, resulting in additional power savings.

[0050] A power saving mode (e.g., power control mode) can be enabled once (e.g., one-time control mode), configured periodically (e.g., periodic control mode), or configured by a timer (e.g., predetermined period control mode).

[0051] Power control sets the transmit power of the radar transmitter, which is adaptively determined depending on the system configuration, receiver processing including processing gain, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) / beamforming mode, background noise and clutter measurements, and interfering and jamming signals.

[0052] To minimize interference and maximize capacity, transmit power is set to the lowest level while meeting the required performance. Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detectors are often used, with the detection threshold determined by the required probability of a false alarm. Target detection performance depends on a post-detection signal-to-interference ratio (SINR) target. The SINR target is the minimum SINR value that meets the detection performance target. Power control allows devices to significantly reduce power consumption by avoiding peak power.

[0053]

number

[0054] In one embodiment, the transmit power is adaptively set by a power control algorithm based on at least one of the following configuration parameters and measurement results: beamforming / MIMO mode, power saving mode, SIR target SIRTarget_dB, maximum path loss depending on the target distance and propagation environment, maximum transmit power, receiver processing gain, PA backoff, power offset (additional margin) to account for fading channels, noise variance estimation error, interference and jammers, and transmitter / receiver behavior imperfections.

[0055] In one embodiment, an architecture for power saving is provided. In one example, the architecture includes a Medium Access Control (MAC) controller with configuration of waveform parameters (e.g., blank pattern (format) setting), power management configuration and power control algorithm, interference management, scheduler, and measurement configuration. In another example, the architecture includes a transmitter with waveform generation and RF according to the configuration. In yet another example, the architecture includes a receiver including Rx processing circuitry and measurement circuitry.

[0056] 4 illustrates an exemplary radar system device and controller architecture 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the radar system device and controller architecture 400 illustrated in FIG. 4 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 4 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0057] 4, the radar system device and controller 400 includes a radar 402 and a controller 420. The radar 402 includes a TX antenna digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and radio frequency (RF) 404, an RX antenna analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and RF 406, a transmitter 408, a receiver 410, and a MAC 412. Furthermore, the controller 420 includes a MAC entity 422 and a configuration entity 430. The MAC (e.g., MAC controller) 422 includes a power control circuit 424, a scheduler 426 that performs scheduling operations, and an interference management 428. The configuration 430 includes a signal configuration circuit 432, a measurement configuration circuit 434 that performs measurement configuration, and a power saving configuration circuit 436.

[0058] 4, the controller 420 includes a configuration entity 430 and a MAC entity 422. The configuration entity 430 is responsible for setting signal configurations, measurement configurations, and power saving configurations. The MAC entity 422 in the controller is responsible for dynamically managing radio resources and includes power control, scheduler, and interference management circuitry (e.g., modules).

[0059] The MAC entity 422 in the radar circuit (eg, module) determines the transmit power settings in the transceiver of the radar circuit.

[0060] In one embodiment of step 1, device capabilities such as transmit power and maximum RF bandwidth are reported from a radar (eg, radar 402) to controller 420.

[0061] In another embodiment of step 2, a measurement configuration is sent from the controller 420 to a radar (eg, radar 402), such as for measuring noise and interference.

[0062] In yet another embodiment of step 3, measurements are reported from a radar (eg, radar 402) to controller 420 periodically or aperiodically.

[0063] In yet another embodiment of step 4, radio resources such as power, time symbol / slot / frame, and frequency resources are determined in a power control, scheduler, and interference management entity (e.g., 428) in MAC 422 residing in controller 420. The radar constructs a signal structure for transmission based on the radio resources.

[0064] 4, in step 1, the radar 402 sends a device capability report to the controller 420. In step 2, the controller 420 sends a measurement configuration to the radar 402. In step 2', the controller 420 sends a power control configuration to the radar 402. In step 3, the radar 402 sends a measurement report to the controller 420. In step 4, the controller 420 sends information about radio resources.

[0065] Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary radar system power control mechanism 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the radar system power control mechanism 500 illustrated in Figure 5 is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 5 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0066] 5, the radar system power control mechanism 500 includes a radar 502 and a controller 520. The radar 502 includes a Tx antenna (digital-to-analog conversion) DAC and radio frequency (RF) 504, an Rx antenna analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) and RF 506, a transmitter 508, a receiver 510, and a MAC (device) 512. Furthermore, the controller 520 includes a MAC (controller) entity 522 and a configuration entity 530. The MAC (controller) 522 includes a power control circuit 524, a scheduler 526, and an interference management 528. The configuration entity 530 includes a signal configuration circuit 532, a measurement configuration circuit 534, and a power saving configuration circuit 536.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 5, in step 1, the radar 402 sends a device capability report to the controller 520. The device capability report includes the maximum power and power backoff. In step 2, the controller 520 sends a measurement configuration to the radar 502. The measurement configuration includes the measurement gap, start / end parameters, and subband structure. In step 2′, the controller 420 sends a power control configuration to the radar 402. The measurement report includes the noise variance, SINR distribution, received power distribution, average received power, subband jammer bandwidth and power spectral density (PSD), and transmit power.

[0068] In step 3, the radar 402 transmits the measurement report to the controller 420. In step 4, the controller 420 transmits information about the radio resources.

[0069] In one embodiment of controller-based power control, several examples are possible. In one example of device capability reporting, device capabilities such as maximum transmit power, power backoff, and antenna configuration are reported to the controller entity 520 .

[0070] In one example of a measurement configuration (eg, 534 as shown in FIG. 5), the configured measurement gap configuration includes a symbol / slot / frame or subchannel structure, a start / end timer, and a periodicity and duration.

[0071]

number

[0072] In one embodiment of device-based power control, the power control algorithm may be implemented in the radar module, where optionally, in step 2′ of FIG. 5, the controller 520 sends power control configuration parameters to the radar circuitry (e.g., a module such as radar 502 as shown in FIG. 5).

[0073] In one embodiment of the power control configuration, the following power control configuration parameters are set: a post-detection target SIR, SIRTarget_dB, a maximum two-way path loss corresponding to a maximum target distance, a receiver processing gain, and a transmit power margin.

[0074]

number

[0075] Depending on the design of the radio and power amplifier, the maximum transmit power for each sub-band may be set differently.

[0076] In one example, a single transmit power amplifier is shared between the sub-bands. In such an embodiment, the maximum transmit power of each sub-band may be divided equally among the sub-bands.

[0077] In one example, the PA is separated into subbands having different subband bandwidths. In such an embodiment, a maximum transmit power can be specified for each subband along with the bandwidth.

[0078] Regarding power ramping, in practice, there are estimation errors and channel variations due to path loss variations and shadow fading. To avoid false detection due to measurement errors, transmissions with high power occur periodically. In subsequent transmissions, the transmit power is sequentially reduced. The power ramp-down depends on the step size. In one example, the step size is determined as a fixed step size, a linearly increasing / decreasing step size, or a geometric step size.

[0079] 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 for variable transmit power operation in accordance with the present disclosure. The embodiment of method 600 illustrated in FIG. 6 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 6 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0080] As shown in Figure 6, method 600 begins at step 602. Method 600 as shown in Figure 6 may be performed by a UE (111-116 as shown in Figure 1) and / or a base station (101-103 as shown in Figure 1), where the UE and BS (e.g., gNB) may employ radar systems such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. Additionally, a standalone radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5 may perform method 600 as shown in Figure 6.

[0081] In step 602, a periodicity is configured for ramping up the transmit power T_Ramp_Up_Periodicity, and power ramp step sizes P_Step_Down and P_Step_Up. At the start of a transmission, in step 604, the transmission is performed at maximum transmit power. In step 606, the power control algorithm calculates a target transmit power level. In step 608, in subsequent transmissions, the power is ramped down by the configured step size P_Step_Down until the power reaches the target transmit power level. In step 610, the method determines whether PTx, is less than PTx,Target. If yes in step 610, method 600 increases the transmit power by the configured step size P_Step_Up in step 612. If no in step 610, method 600 performs step 608.

[0082] In one embodiment, the above steps 602, 604 and 606 are repeated. In one embodiment, steps 606 and 608 may be modified to maintain a constant transmit power level for periodic power step-ups.

[0083] In one example, the power control algorithm calculates a target transmit power level. In such an example, subsequent transmissions ramp down the power by a configured step size P_Step_Down until the power reaches the target transmit power level. Once the power reaches PTx,Target, method 600 maintains the transmit power level at PTx,Target.

[0084] In one example, if the time reaches the transmit power ramp-up period, the method 600 increases the transmit power by P_Step_Up.

[0085] 7 illustrates an example of transmit power with power ramping 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of transmit power with power ramping 700 illustrated in FIG. 7 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 7 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 7, parameters are configured and power is adjusted according to a power ramping scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0087] In one embodiment of idle mode operation, the power save mode is enabled by blanking signals at different granularities: there can be two types of blank transmissions depending on whether a signal is present within a symbol or not.

[0088] In one embodiment of the blanking transmission scheme, in the time domain, a subset of symbols, slots, and subframes are blanked depending on the use case, and the blanking is done by subsampling or by reducing the duration of the active signal within a slot / subframe. In one example, in the spatial domain, the number of scans is reduced while using a wide beamwidth, and at the receiver, receiver processing for range / Doppler processing and beamforming can be fully or partially turned off or left idle, while processing for noise and measurements can still be turned on.

[0089] In one embodiment of a partial blank transmission scheme, in the frequency domain, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, one or more subchannels are blanked and a code (i.e., a sequence identified by a unique code) is mapped to a selected non-blank subchannel for transmission, other subchannels are left blank, and at the receiver, signal reception and decoding of the blank subchannels can be left idle, and in subchannel and multi-channel transmission architectures, subchannel receiver processing of the blank subchannels can be fully or partially turned off or left idle.

[0090] Table 1 shows the low power modes. Table 2 shows the low power operation.

[0091] [Table 1]

[0092] [Table 2]

[0093] Table 3 shows the system parameters for normal and power-saving mode operation.

[0094] [Table 3]

[0095] In one embodiment, interference measurements are provided in measurement sub-channels (slots / sub-bands) per beam or antenna port. In one embodiment, noise floor measurements are provided.

[0096] In one embodiment, two types of interference may exist: one example provides correlated interference with different speeds (e.g., subtraction); and one example provides uncorrelated noise plus interference (e.g., open loop power control).

[0097] In one embodiment, measurement gaps are provided that are created by blanking a subset of frames, subframes, slots, symbols, subchannels, and beams for measurement purposes. During the measurement gap, either the transmitter is completely idle or a portion of the signal (except for selected subchannels) is idle.

[0098] In one embodiment, the measurement gaps are configured for periodic or aperiodic measurements. In one embodiment of periodic measurements, the frame, subframe, slot, symbol, subchannel, and / or beam number for the measurements are provided. In such an embodiment, the periodicity and duration of the measurement gaps are provided.

[0099] In one embodiment of aperiodic measurements, measurements can be taken after a specific event, such as the signal power or SINR dropping below or exceeding a certain threshold. When the condition is met, a blank or partial blank transmission occurs.

[0100] The receiver processing for the measurements is shown in Figure 8. Possible reference points for the measurements are shown in Figure 8 depending on the application.

[0101] Figure 8 illustrates an exemplary reference point 800 for measurements according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of reference point 800 for measurements shown in Figure 8 is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 8 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 8 , the reference point 800 for measurement includes a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) 802 block, a complex conjugate 804 block, a spatial processing block 806, a measurement point block 808, a Doppler DFT block 810, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 812, a complex multiplication block 814, an FFT block 816, a cyclic prefix (CP) removal block 818, an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) block 822, and an analog beamforming (BF) block 824.

[0103] The Doppler DFT block 810, the IFFT block, the complex multiplication block 814, the FFT block 816, and the CP removal block 818 are configured to perform Doppler processing and range processing in a processing block 820. The processing block 820 may be implemented in parallel.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 8, the noise (and interference) power is estimated from the samples of the constructed blank symbols, slots, or subframes.

[0105] In one embodiment, the processed noise power is estimated after range processing (e.g., including 814, 816, and 818 as shown in Figure 8) at the output of the IFFT, corresponding to measurement point (2) between the Doppler DFT 810 and the IFFT 812, as shown in Figure 8. The average processed noise power is calculated by summing the power over the range window and dividing by the number of range bins.

[0106]

number

[0107] 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 for wideband noise estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the method 900 illustrated in FIG. 9 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 9 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 9, the power estimate may be used to set the transmit power according to a power control algorithm.

[0109] As shown in Figure 9, method 900 begins at step 902. Method 900 as shown in Figure 9 may be performed by a UE (111-116 as shown in Figure 1) and / or a base station (101-103 as shown in Figure 1), where the UE and BS (e.g., gNB) may employ radar systems such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. Additionally, a standalone radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5 may perform method 900 as shown in Figure 9.

[0110] 9, the method 900 begins at step 902. In step 902, the method 900 generates a noise power based on the signal at the measurement point. In step 904, the method 900 estimates an average noise power based on the noise power. In step 906, the method 900 estimates a raw noise power.

[0111] As shown in Figure 9, the subband noise power can be estimated by estimating the power spectral density of the constructed blank subband. The measurement point is at the output of the FFT, shown as (3), between the complex multiplication block 814 and the FFT block 816, as shown in Figure 8. The bandwidth of the subband depends on the construction and the constructed waveform.

[0112] Noise includes thermal noise, wideband interference, and narrowband interference such as frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) or chirp radar interference, and FM jammers.

[0113] In this disclosure, thermal noise, wideband interference, FMCW or chirp radar interference, and narrowband interference such as FM jammers are collectively referred to as "noise" and "narrowband interference."

[0114] To distinguish between noise and narrowband interference, a threshold can be applied. A CFAR threshold scaled to the measurement point can be applied. Signals above the threshold are narrowband interference, and signals below the threshold are noise.

[0115] 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 for subband noise and interference estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the method 1000 illustrated in FIG. 10 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 10 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0116] As shown in Figure 10, method 1000 begins at step 1002. Method 1000 as shown in Figure 10 may be performed by a UE (111-116 as shown in Figure 1) and / or a base station (101-103 as shown in Figure 1), where the UE and BS (e.g., gNB) may employ radar systems such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. Additionally, a standalone radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5 may perform method 1000 as shown in Figure 10.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 10 , method 1000 starts at step 1002. In step 1002, method 1000 generates a noise power for each subcarrier. In step 1004, method 1000 determines whether the power is greater than a threshold. In step 1004, if the power exceeds the threshold, method 1000 performs steps 1006 and 1008. Through steps 1006 and 1008, method 1000 generates an average narrowband interference power for each subband. In step 1004, if the power does not exceed the threshold, method 1000 performs steps 1010 and 1012. Through steps 1010 and 1012, method 1000 generates an average noise power for each subband.

[0118] Once V2V communication is set up, the path loss to the communicating vehicle is available between the two vehicles within the coverage area, and the traffic channel SIR target is available for the target data rate.

[0119] The transmission power of a radar signal can be increased by using path loss information between neighboring radars. In a system with many neighboring radars, such as an intelligent transportation system or smart city infrastructure, the infrastructure can find two vehicles that are separated by the radar target distance. The infrastructure configures the radars with sequence assignments and measurement gaps. From the provided information, the radar receiver can detect and estimate radar signals from neighboring vehicles.

[0120] Figure 11 illustrates an example V2X-assisted radar power control 1100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of radar power control 1100 illustrated in Figure 11 is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 11 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0121] 11 illustrates a V2X-assisted power control scenario between vehicle A emitting radar sequence A and vehicle B emitting radar sequence B. Vehicle B is near the radar target distance to vehicle A. As shown in FIG. 11, radar power control 1100 includes vehicle A 1102, vehicle B 1104, and a signal light (e.g., a traffic light or smart pole) 1106.

[0122] As shown in Figure 11, the radar of vehicle A 1102 is assigned to sequence A via infrastructure connected by V2X. The radar of vehicle B 1104 is assigned to sequence B via infrastructure connected by V2X. A traffic light 1106 is assigned to radar sequence C.

[0123] V2X allocates a measurement zone for the radar of vehicle A 1102 to detect adjacent radar signals. Vehicle A 1102 is notified of the sequence ID, configuration, and transmit power of vehicle B. Vehicle B 1104 transmits a radar signal with sequence B. Vehicle A 1102 performs receiver processing for sequence B to detect range and Doppler.

[0124] Vehicle A 1102 estimates the path loss between vehicle A 1102 and vehicle B 1104 by detecting the radar signal of vehicle B. For vehicle A 1102, the path loss relative to the target distance is estimated and the path loss information is used to set the transmit power.

[0125] As shown in FIG. 11, radar sequence C emitted from signal light 1106 toward vehicle B 1104 may have a range of approximately 150 meters, while radar sequence A emitted from vehicle A 1102 and radar sequence B emitted from vehicle B may have a range of approximately 300 meters.

[0126] For two vehicles with ongoing V2V communication (e.g., 1102 and 1104 as shown in FIG. 11), a configurable power offset can be defined for the traffic channel SIR target. For multiple targets with V2V connectivity, the radar transmit power is calculated from the maximum target SIR of all targets within the target distance.

[0127] Figure 12 illustrates an example system architecture 1200 for V2X-assisted radar power control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as may be implemented in a vehicle. The embodiment of system architecture 1200 illustrated in Figure 12 is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 12 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0128] 12 illustrates the architecture and interfaces of V2X-assisted power control. As shown in FIG. 12, the system architecture 1200 includes a radar (e.g., radar circuitry and / or system) 1202, a radar MAC 1204, a V2X interface (e.g., V2X circuitry and / or system) 1206 of vehicle B, and a V2X interface 1208 of vehicle A.

[0129] As shown in FIG. 12, radar 1202 includes radar sequence C emitted from signal light 1106 as shown in FIG.

[0130] 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 for radar power conservation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the method 1300 illustrated in FIG. 13 is for illustrative purposes only. FIG. 13 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation.

[0131] As shown in Figure 13, method 1300 starts at step 1302. Method 1300 as shown in Figure 13 may be performed by a UE (111-116 as shown in Figure 1) and / or a base station (101-103 as shown in Figure 1), where the UE and BS (e.g., gNB) may employ radar systems such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. Furthermore, a standalone radar system such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5 may perform method 1300 as shown in Figure 13. Furthermore, a vehicle for V2X communication including a radar system such as those shown in Figures 11 and 12 may perform method 1300 as shown in Figure 13.

[0132] 13, method 1300 begins at step 1302. In step 1302, method 1300 identifies a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to reporting device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff.

[0133] Subsequently, in step 1304, the method 1300 identifies a power control configuration for the radar circuitry based on the measurement configuration.

[0134] In one embodiment, the power control mode is determined as at least one of a one-time control mode, a periodic control mode, or a predetermined period control mode.

[0135] Next, in step 1306, method 1300 identifies a power control mode including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode based on the measurement report corresponding to the power control configuration.

[0136] Finally, in step 1308, method 1300 transmits the first signal at a transmit power determined based on the measurement report and the power control mode.

[0137] In one embodiment, the method includes transmitting the first signal in a normal mode at a constant power based on a corresponding transmit power, transmitting the first signal in a low power mode at a power less than the peak transmit power based on at least one of a maximum power range, a path loss estimate, a noise and interference measurement, or a target signal-to-noise ratio, or transmitting the first signal in an idle mode comprising a blanked transmission mode or a partially blanked transmission mode in which the first signal is blanked based on a pre-configuration comprising at least one of a symbol, a slot, a subcarrier, or a beam.

[0138] In one embodiment, the method 1300 identifies a set of waveform parameters, a set of blank formats, and power management based on interference management, and scheduling and measurement configurations, generates in-phase and quadrature components of a first signal to be transmitted to an object based on a radar waveform, receives a second signal including the in-phase and quadrature components, and the second signal is reflected from the object.

[0139] In one embodiment, the method 1300 identifies a transmit power based on at least one of a maximum path loss, a radar maximum transmit power, a target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), or a noise level, and the transmit power is configured statically, semi-statically, or dynamically based on a power control mode comprising a wideband power control mode or a sub-band power control mode.

[0140] In one embodiment, the method 1300 transmits the first signal at transmit power across the entire bandwidth in a wideband power control mode, or transmits the first signal at transmit power across each subband of the entire bandwidth in a subband power control mode.

[0141] In one embodiment, the method 1300 performs a first power ramping to reduce the transmit power by a preconfigured step of a first size for a subsequent transmission. In such an embodiment, the transmit power is initially set to a maximum transmit power in the radar circuit.

[0142] In one embodiment, the method 1300 performs a second power ramp to further reduce the reduced transmit power by a preconfigured step of a second size when the reduced transmit power reduced by the first power ramp reaches a minimum transmit power in the radar circuit.

[0143] In one embodiment, the method 1300 generates a measurement gap using a blanking set of resources including a set of frames, a set of subframes, a set of slots, a set of subchannels, and a set of beams used for measurements. In such an embodiment, the measurement gap is configured based on at least one of a periodic or aperiodic measurement configuration, an event-based measurement, one or more measurement reference points, a noise variance calculated from one or more measurement reference points, a wideband measurement, or a subband measurement.

[0144] In one embodiment, the method 1300 includes identifying at least one signal received from at least one portable electronic device over a channel, the channel associated with the at least one portable electronic device, and determining whether to transmit a first signal based on the identified at least one signal; identifying a power offset based on the first signal and a determination of a transmit power; and transmitting the first signal, where the transmit power is determined based on the power offset and the at least one portable electronic device target SINR of the at least one portable electronic device; or transmitting the first signal to the at least one portable electronic device over the channel, where the transmit power is determined based on the power offset and the at least one portable electronic device target SINR of the at least one portable electronic device.

[0145] In one exemplary embodiment, an apparatus or method for an advanced wireless system includes a radar circuit including a set of transmit antennas and a set of receive antennas, and a controller operably connected to the radar circuit, the controller including a medium access control (MAC) controller and a configuration circuit, the controller is configured to: identify a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff; identify a power control configuration of the radar circuit based on the measurement configuration; and identify a power control mode including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode based on a measurement report corresponding to the power control configuration; and transmit a first signal at a transmit power determined based on the measurement report and the power control mode.

[0146] In the above exemplary embodiment, the power control mode is determined as at least one of a one-time control mode, a periodic control mode, or a predetermined period control mode.

[0147] In any of the above exemplary embodiments, the radar circuitry is configured to transmit the first signal at a constant power based on a corresponding transmit power in a normal mode, transmit the first signal at a power less than the peak transmit power based on at least one of a maximum power range, a path loss estimate, a noise and interference measurement, or a target signal-to-noise ratio in a low power mode, or transmit the first signal in an idle mode comprising a blanked transmission mode or a partially blanked transmission mode in which the first signal is blanked based on a preconfiguration comprising at least one of a symbol, a slot, a subcarrier, or a beam.

[0148] In any of the above example embodiments, the MAC controller included in the controller is configured to identify a set of waveform parameters, a set of blank formats, and power management based on the interference management, and the scheduling and measurement configuration, and the radar circuitry is further configured to generate, based on the radar waveform, in-phase and quadrature components for a first signal transmitted to the object, and receive a second signal reflected from the object, the second signal including the in-phase and quadrature components.

[0149] In any of the above example embodiments, the controller is further configured to identify the transmit power based on at least one of a maximum path loss, a radar maximum transmit power, a target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), or a noise level, and the transmit power is configured statically, semi-statically, or dynamically based on a power control mode comprising a wideband power control mode or a subband power control mode.

[0150] In any of the above exemplary embodiments, the radar circuitry is further configured to transmit the first signal at a transmit power across the entire bandwidth in a wideband power control mode, or to transmit the first signal at a transmit power across each subband of the entire bandwidth in a subband power control mode.

[0151] In any of the above exemplary embodiments, the radar circuitry is further configured to perform a first power ramping to reduce the transmit power by a preconfigured step of a first size for a subsequent transmission, the transmit power being initially set to a maximum transmit power in the radar circuitry.

[0152] In any of the above exemplary embodiments, the radar circuitry is further configured to perform a second power ramping to further reduce the reduced transmit power by a preconfigured step of a second size when the reduced transmit power reaches a minimum transmit power at the radar circuitry.

[0153] In any of the above example embodiments, the controller is further configured to generate a measurement gap using a blanking set of resources including a set of frames, a set of subframes, a set of slots, a set of subchannels, and a set of beams used for measurements, wherein the measurement gap is configured based on at least one of a periodic measurement configuration or an aperiodic measurement configuration, an event-based measurement, one or more measurement reference points, a noise variance calculated from the one or more measurement reference points, a wideband measurement, or a subband measurement.

[0154] In any of the above exemplary embodiments, the controller is further configured to identify at least one signal received from the at least one portable electronic device over the channel, the channel being associated with the at least one portable electronic device, and determine whether to transmit a first signal based on the identified at least one signal, identify a power offset based on the first signal and the determination of a transmit power, and the radar circuitry is further configured to transmit the first signal, wherein the transmit power is determined based on the power offset and the at least one portable electronic device target SINR of the at least one portable electronic device, or transmit the first signal to the at least one portable electronic device over the channel, wherein the transmit power is determined based on the power offset and the at least one portable electronic device target SINR of the at least one portable electronic device.

[0155] Nothing in this application should be read as implying that any particular element, step, or function is a required or critical element required for inclusion in a claim. The scope of patented subject matter is defined solely by the scope of the allowed claims. Furthermore, unless the precise words "means for" or "step for" are expressly used in a particular claim, followed by a specific phrase identifying the function, none of the claims are intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) with respect to any of the appended claims or claim elements. The use of terms such as "mechanism," "module," "device," "unit," "component," "element," "member," "apparatus," "machine," "system," "processor," or "controller" in the claims is understood and intended to refer to structures known to those skilled in the art, as further modified or enhanced by the features of the claims themselves, and is not intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f).

[0156] While this disclosure describes particular embodiments and generally associated methods, modifications and permutations of these embodiments and methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the above description of exemplary embodiments does not define or limit the disclosure. Other modifications, substitutions, and alterations are possible without departing from the scope of the disclosure, as defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. 1. An apparatus for controlling a radar of an advanced wireless system, comprising: a radar circuit including a set of transmit antennas and a set of receive antennas; a controller operatively connected to the radar circuitry, the controller including a medium access control (MAC) controller and configuration circuitry, the controller comprising: determining a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff; determining a power control configuration for the radar circuitry based on the measurement configuration; configured to select a power control mode, including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode, based on the power control configuration; the radar circuitry is configured to transmit a first signal at a transmit power determined based on the power control mode; The MAC controller included in the controller is configured to determine a set of waveform parameters, a set of blank formats, and power management based on interference management with other radars in the advanced wireless system and a set of scheduling and measurement configurations of the other radars in the advanced wireless system; The radar circuit generating an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the first signal to be transmitted to an object based on a radar waveform; The apparatus is further configured to receive a second signal reflected from the object, the second signal including the in-phase and quadrature components.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the low power mode is determined as at least one of a one-time control mode, a periodic control mode, or a predetermined duration control mode.

3. The radar circuit In the normal mode, transmitting the first signal at a constant power based on a corresponding transmission power; In the low power mode, transmitting the first signal at a power less than the peak power of the transmit power based on at least one of a maximum power range, a path loss estimate, a noise and interference measurement, or a target signal-to-noise ratio; or 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further configured to transmit the first signal in the idle mode comprising a blank transmission mode, in which the first signal is blanked based on a preconfiguration comprising at least one of a symbol, a slot, a subcarrier, or a beam.

4. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the transmit power based on at least one of a maximum path loss, a radar maximum transmit power, a target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), or a noise level, and wherein the transmit power is configured statically, semi-statically, or dynamically based on the power control mode comprising a wideband power control mode or a subband power control mode.

5. The radar circuit transmitting the first signal at the transmission power across the entire bandwidth in a wideband power control mode; or The apparatus of claim 4 , further configured to transmit the first signal at the transmit power across each subband of a full bandwidth in a subband power control mode.

6. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the radar circuitry is further configured to perform a first power ramping to reduce the transmit power by a preconfigured step of a first size for a subsequent transmission, the transmit power being initially set to a maximum transmit power in the radar circuitry.

7. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the radar circuitry is further configured to perform a second power ramping to further reduce the reduced transmit power by a preconfigured step of a second size when the reduced transmit power reaches a minimum transmit power at the radar circuitry.

8. the controller is further configured to generate the measurement gap using a blanking set of resources including a set of frames, a set of subframes, a set of slots, a set of subchannels, and a set of beams used for measurements; The measurement gap is periodic or aperiodic measurement configuration; event-based measurements, the event being an outgoing signal power or a target signal-to-interference ratio (SINR) falling below or exceeding a particular threshold; one or more measurement reference points; a noise variance calculated from the one or more measurement points; Broadband measurements, or The apparatus of claim 1 configured based on at least one of the subband measurements.

9. 1. A method for controlling a radar in an advanced wireless system, comprising: determining a measurement configuration including a measurement gap, a set of parameters, and a subband structure in response to a report of device capabilities including a maximum power and a power backoff; determining a power control configuration for the radar circuitry based on the measurement configuration; selecting a power control mode based on the power control configuration, the power control mode including at least one of a normal mode, a low power mode, or an idle mode; transmitting a first signal at a transmission power determined based on the power control mode; determining a set of waveform parameters, a set of blank formats, and power management based on interference management with other radars of the advanced wireless system and a set of scheduling and measurement configurations of the other radars of the advanced wireless system; generating in-phase and quadrature components of the first signal to be transmitted to an object based on a radar waveform; receiving a second signal reflected from the object, the second signal including the in-phase and quadrature components.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the low power mode is determined as at least one of a one-time control mode, a periodic control mode, or a predetermined duration control mode.

11. transmitting the first signal at a constant power based on a corresponding transmit power in the normal mode; In the low power mode, transmitting the first signal at a power less than the peak power of the transmission power based on at least one of a maximum power range, a path loss estimate, a noise and interference measurement, or a target signal to noise ratio; or 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: transmitting the first signal in the idle mode comprising a blank transmission mode, in which the first signal is blanked based on a preconfiguration comprising at least one of a symbol, a slot, a subcarrier, or a beam.

12. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising determining the transmit power based on at least one of a maximum path loss, a radar maximum transmit power, a target signal-to-interference ratio (SINR), or a noise level, and wherein the transmit power is configured statically, semi-statically, or dynamically based on the power control mode comprising a wideband power control mode or a sub-band power control mode.

13. transmitting the first signal at the transmission power across the entire bandwidth in a wideband power control mode; or The method of claim 12 , further comprising transmitting the first signal at the transmit power across each subband of a full bandwidth in a subband power control mode.

14. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: performing a first power ramping step of reducing the transmit power by a preconfigured step of a first size for a subsequent transmission, the transmit power being initially set to a maximum transmit power in the radar circuit.

15. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: performing a second power ramping when the reduced transmit power reaches a minimum transmit power at the radar circuit, further reducing the reduced transmit power by a preconfigured step of a second size.

16. generating the measurement gap using a blanking set of resources including a set of frames, a set of subframes, a set of slots, a set of subchannels, and a set of beams used for measurements; wherein the measurement gap is: periodic or aperiodic measurement configuration; event-based measurements, the event being a signal power or SINR falling below or exceeding a particular threshold; one or more measurement reference points; a noise variance calculated from the one or more measurement points; Broadband measurements, or The method of claim 9 configured based on at least one of the sub-band measurements.

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