METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING PPDUS VIA MULTIPLE RUS IN A WIRELESS LAN SYSTEM - Patent application

Abstract

To propose a method and a device for receiving a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) in a wireless local area network (LAN) system.SOLUTION: Specifically, a receiving station (STA) receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA through a first band, and decodes the PPDU. The PPDU comprises a control field and a data field. When the first band is an 80 MHz band comprising first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels, the first 20 MHz subchannel comprises first multiple resource units (RUs) in which a first 26RU and a first 52RU are aggregated. The first 26RU is an RU located in the middle of the first 20 MHz subchannel. The first 52RU is an RU having a frequency lower than that of the first 26RU, and which is adjacent to the first 26RU.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 27

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This specification relates to a technology for receiving a PPDU via multiple RUs in a wireless LAN system, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a PPDU via multiple RUs aggregated by a combination of large-RUs using an OFDMA method. [Background technology]

[0002] WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) has been improved in various ways, for example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard proposed an improved communication environment using OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) and DL MU MIMO (Downlink Multi-User Multiple Input, Multiple Output) technologies.

[0003] This specification proposes technical features that can be utilized in a new communication standard. For example, the new communication standard is the Extreme High Throughput (EHT) standard, which has been recently discussed. The EHT standard can use newly proposed bandwidth increases, improved PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structures, improved sequences, and Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) techniques. The EHT standard can be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0004] New WLAN standards will use an increased number of spatial streams, which requires improved signaling techniques within WLAN systems to properly utilize the increased number of spatial streams. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] This specification proposes a method and apparatus for receiving PPDUs via multiple RUs in a wireless LAN system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] An example of this specification proposes a method for receiving PPDUs via multiple RUs.

[0007] This embodiment can be executed in a network environment supporting a next-generation wireless LAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT wireless LAN system). The next-generation wireless LAN system is an improved version of the 802.11ax system and can be backward compatible with the 802.11ax system.

[0008] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a PPDU based on a multi-RU configured by combining small-RUs. Here, a small-RU refers to a resource unit with less than 242 tones. In particular, this embodiment proposes a multi-RU in which 26 RUs and 52 RUs are aggregated in each 20 MHz subchannel of the band in which the PPDU is transmitted.

[0009] A receiving STA (STAtion) receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA via a broadband.

[0010] The receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0011] The PPDU has a control field and a data field.

[0012] If the first band is an 80 MHz band having first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels, the first 20 MHz subchannel has a first multiple RU (Resource Unit) that is an aggregate of a first 26 RU and a first 52 RU. The first 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the first 20 MHz subchannel. The first 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the first 26 RU and is adjacent to the first 26 RU. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The embodiments proposed in this specification support aggregation of small-RUs of various sizes, which has the novel effect of increasing transmission efficiency and throughput. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless LAN (WLAN). [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a normal link setup process. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the allocation of resource units (RUs) used on a 20 MHz band. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the allocation of resource units (RUs) used on a 40 MHz band. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the allocation of resource units (RUs) used on an 80 MHz band. [Figure 8] A diagram showing the structure of the HE-SIG-B field. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example in which multiple user STAs are assigned to the same RU via MU-MIMO technology. [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating operations related to UL-MU. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a trigger frame. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a common information field of a trigger frame. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of subfields included in a per user information field. [Figure 14] Explain the technical features of UORA technology. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a PPDU used in this specification. [Figure 19] 10A and 10B illustrate variations of the transmitting device and / or receiving device of the present specification. [Figure 20] A diagram showing an example of a PHY transmission procedure for HE SU PPDU. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a transmitting device that generates each field of an HE PPDU. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 shows an example of an 80 MHz tone plan with 20 MHz puncturing performed. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an EHT PPDU format. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a U-SIG format. [Figure 25] FIG. 4 is a procedure flow diagram illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 26] FIG. 4 is a procedure flow diagram showing the operation of the receiving device according to the embodiment. [Figure 27]10 is a flowchart showing a procedure in which a transmitting STA according to the present embodiment transmits a PPDU. [Figure 28] 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure in which a receiving STA according to the present embodiment receives a PPDU. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Also, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B, and C."

[0016] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0017] As used herein, "at least one of A and B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Furthermore, as used herein, the expressions "at least one of A or B" and "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted in the same way as "at least one of A and B."

[0018] Furthermore, in this specification, "at least one of A, B and C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Furthermore, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" can mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0019] Furthermore, parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (PDCCH)" is expressed (shown, represented, displayed, indicated, expressed), "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDDCH" is proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, when "control information (i.e., PDCCH)" is expressed, "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information."

[0020] In this specification, technical features described separately in one drawing may be embodied separately or simultaneously.

[0021] The following example of this specification applies to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following example of this specification applies to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system. For example, this specification applies to the IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac standard and the IEEE 802.11ax standard. This specification also applies to the newly proposed EHT standard or the IEEE 802.11be standard. This specification also applies to a new WLAN standard that is an enhancement of the EHT standard or the IEEE 802.11be. This specification also applies to a mobile communication system. For example, this specification applies to a mobile communication system based on LTE (Long Term Evolution) and its evolution based on the 3GPP (registered trademark) standard. This specification also applies to a 5GNR (5G Radio Frequency) communication system based on the 3GPP (registered trademark) standard.

[0022] In the following, in order to explain the technical features of this specification, the technical features to which this specification is applied will be explained.

[0023] FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0024] The example of FIG. 1 can implement various technical features described below. FIG. 1 relates to at least one STA (STAtion). For example, the STAs (110, 120) herein may be referred to by various names such as a mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, or simply user. The STAs (110, 120) herein may be referred to by various names such as a network, base station, Node-B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, etc. The STAs (110, 120) herein may be referred to by various names such as a receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, etc.

[0025] For example, the STAs (110, 120) can perform the role of an AP (Access Point) or a non-AP role. That is, the STAs (110, 120) in this specification can perform the functions of an AP and / or a non-AP. In this specification, an AP can also be referred to as an AP STA.

[0026] The STAs (110, 120) of this specification can support various communication standards other than the IEEE 802.11 standard. For example, they can support communication standards related to the 3GPP (registered trademark) standard (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5GNR standard). In addition, the STAs of this specification can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. In addition, the STAs of this specification can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, and self-driving and autonomous driving.

[0027] As used herein, the STAs (110, 120) may include a Medium Access Control (MAC) and a Physical Layer interface to the wireless medium as defined by the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0028] The STAs (110, 120) will be described below based on FIG. 1(a).

[0029] The first STA (110) includes a processor (111), a memory (112), and a transceiver (113). The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two or more blocks / functions may be implemented via a single chip.

[0030] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs signal transmission and reception operations, specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (for example, IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0031] For example, the first STA (110) can perform the intended operations of the AP. For example, the processor (111) of the AP can receive signals via the transceiver (113), process the received signals, generate transmit signals, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (112) of the AP can store signals received via the transceiver (113) (i.e., received signals) and can store signals transmitted via the transceiver (i.e., transmit signals).

[0032] For example, the second STA 120 can perform the intended operation of a non-AP STA. For example, the non-AP transceiver 123 can transmit and receive signals. Specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0033] For example, the processor (121) of the non-AP STA can receive signals via the transceiver (123), process the received signals, generate transmission signals, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (122) of the non-AP STA can store signals received via the transceiver (123) (i.e., received signals) and can store signals transmitted via the transceiver (i.e., transmitted signals).

[0034] For example, in the following specification, the operation of the device designated as AP is performed in the first STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, when the first STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device designated as AP is controlled by a processor (111) of the first STA (110), and related signals are transmitted or received via a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110). Control information related to the operation of the AP and transmitted / received signals of the AP are stored in a memory (112) of the first STA (110). When the second STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device designated as AP is controlled by a processor (121) of the second STA (120), and related signals are transmitted or received via a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP and the AP's transmission / reception signals are stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (110).

[0035] For example, in the following specification, the operation of a device designated as non-AP (or User-STA) is performed in the first STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, if the second STA (120) is a non-AP, the operation of the device designated as non-AP is controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120), and related signals are transmitted or received via a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP and AP transmission / reception signals are stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (120). For example, if the first STA (110) is a non-AP, the operation of the device designated as non-AP is controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110), and related signals are transmitted or received via a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP and transmission / reception signals of the AP are stored in the memory (112) of the first STA (110).

[0036] In the following specification, devices referred to as a (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. refer to the STAs (110, 120) in Figure 1. For example, devices referred to as a (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. without specific reference numerals also refer to the STAs (110, 120) in Figure 1. For example, in the following example, the operations of various STAs transmitting and receiving signals (e.g., PPPDUs) may be performed in transceivers (113, 123) in Figure 1. In the following example, operations in which various STAs generate transmission / reception signals or perform data processing or calculations in advance for transmission / reception signals may be executed by the processors (111, 121) in Fig. 1. For example, examples of operations in which various STAs generate transmission / reception signals or perform data processing or calculations in advance for transmission / reception signals may include: 1) operations for determining / acquiring / configuring / calculating / decoding / encoding bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in a PPDU, 2) operations for determining / configuring / acquiring time resources and frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) used for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in a PPDU, 3) operations for determining / configuring / acquiring specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF / LTF sequences, extra sequences applied to SIG) used for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) included in a PPDU, 4) power control operations and / or power saving operations applied to the STAs, and 5) operations related to determining / acquiring / configuring / calculating / decoding / encoding an ACK signal.In addition, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs to determine / acquire / configure / calculate / decode / encode transmitted / received signals in the following example is stored in memories (112, 122) of FIG. 1.

[0037] The device / STA of Fig. 1(a) described above is modified as shown in Fig. 1(b). The STAs (110, 120) of this specification will be described below based on Fig. 1(b).

[0038] For example, the transceivers (113, 123) shown in Figure 1(b) may perform the same functions as the transceivers shown in Figure 1(a) described above. For example, the processor chips (114, 124) shown in Figure 1(b) may include processors (111, 121) and memories (112, 122). The processors (111, 121) and memories (112, 122) shown in Figure 1(b) may perform the same functions as the processors (111, 121) and memories (112, 122) shown in Figure 1(a) described above.

[0039] In the following description, the terms mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, Node-B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving apparatus, and / or transmitting apparatus refer to the STAs (110, 120) shown in FIG. 1(a) / (b) or the processor chips (114, 124) shown in FIG. 1(b). That is, the technical features of this specification may be implemented in the STAs (110, 120) shown in FIG. 1(a) / (b), or may be implemented only in the processor chips (114, 124) shown in FIG. 1(b). For example, the technical feature of a transmitting STA transmitting a control signal can be understood as the technical feature of a control signal generated in a processor (111, 121) shown in Figure 1(a) / (b) being transmitted via a transceiver (113, 123) shown in Figure 1(a) / (b). Alternatively, the technical feature of a transmitting STA transmitting a control signal can be understood as the technical feature of a control signal generated in a processor chip (114, 124) shown in Figure 1(b) being transmitted (transferred, conveyed, transferred) to a transceiver (113, 123).

[0040] For example, the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as the technical feature of the control signal being received by the transceiver (113, 123) shown in Fig. 1(a). Alternatively, the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as the technical feature of the control signal received by the transceiver (113, 123) shown in Fig. 1(a) being acquired by the processor (111, 121) shown in Fig. 1(a). Alternatively, the technical feature of the receiving STA receiving the control signal can be understood as the technical feature of the control signal received by the transceiver (113, 123) shown in Fig. 1(b) being acquired by the processor chip (114, 124) shown in Fig. 1(b).

[0041] Referring to Figure 1(b), software code (115, 125) is contained within memory (112, 122). The software code (115, 125) includes instructions that control the operation of the processor (111, 121). The software code (115, 125) may be contained in a variety of programming languages.

[0042] The processors (111, 121) or processor chips (114, 124) shown in FIG. 1 may include an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processors are APs (Application Processors). For example, the processors (111, 121) or processor chips (114, 124) shown in FIG. 1 may include at least one of a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). For example, the processors (111, 121) or processor chips (114, 124) shown in FIG. 1 may include a SNAPDRAGON 3.0 processor manufactured by Qualcomm®. TMEXYNOS series processor, manufactured by Samsung® TM Series processors, A-series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIO manufactured by MediaTek® TM ATOM series processors, manufactured by INTEL® TM It is a series processor or an enhanced version of it.

[0043] In this specification, an uplink refers to a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. are transmitted via the uplink. Also, in this specification, a downlink refers to a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. are transmitted via the downlink.

[0044] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless LAN (WLAN).

[0045] The top part of Figure 2 shows the structure of an IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802.11 infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS).

[0046] Referring to the top of Figure 2, the wireless LAN system can include one or more infrastructure BSSs (200, 205) (hereinafter referred to as BSSs). The BSSs (200, 205) are not a concept that refers to a specific area, but rather a set of APs and STAs, such as an Access Point (AP) 225 and STA1 (STA1, 200-1), that can properly synchronize and communicate with each other. The BSS (205) can include one AP (230) and one or more STAs (205-1, 205-2) that can join the BSS.

[0047] The BSS can include at least one STA, APs (225, 230) that provide a distribution service, and a distribution system (DS, 210) that connects multiple APs.

[0048] The distribution system (210) can implement an Extended Service Set (ESS, 240) by connecting multiple BSSs (200, 205). The term ESS (240) is used to refer to a network formed by connecting one or more APs via the distribution system (210). APs included in one ESS (240) have the same Service Set Identification (SSID).

[0049] The Portal (220) can act as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE802.11) to other networks (e.g., 802.X).

[0050] In the BSS shown in the upper part of Figure 2, a network between APs (225, 230) and a network between APs (225, 230) and STAs (200-1, 205-1, 205-2) are implemented. However, it is also possible to set up a network between STAs without APs (225, 230) and communicate between them. A network that sets up a network between STAs without APs (225, 230) and communicates between them is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0051] The bottom part of Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an IBSS.

[0052] Referring to the bottom of Figure 2, an IBSS is a BSS that operates in ad-hoc mode. Since an IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity that performs management functions. That is, in an IBSS, STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) are managed in a distributed manner. In an IBSS, all STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) are mobile STAs, and are not allowed to connect to a distribution system, forming a self-contained network.

[0053] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a typical link setup process.

[0054] In step S310, the STA can perform a network discovery operation. The network discovery operation can include a scanning operation by the STA. That is, the STA needs to find a joinable network in order to access the network. The STA needs to identify a compatible network before joining a wireless network, and the process of identifying networks present in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0055] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary network discovery operation including an active scanning process. In active scanning, a scanning STA moves between channels to transmit a probe request frame to search for nearby APs and waits for a response. A responder transmits a probe response frame to the STA that transmitted the probe request frame as a response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder is the STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the scanned channel. In a BSS, the AP transmits a beacon frame, so the responder is the AP. In an IBSS, the responder is not fixed because STAs within the IBSS return and transmit beacon frames. For example, a STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 can store BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and perform scanning in the same manner (i.e., transmit and receive probe request / response on channel 2).

[0056] Although not shown in the example of FIG. 3, the scanning operation may also be performed using a passive scanning method. A STA performing a scan based on passive scanning can wait for a beacon frame while moving from channel to channel. A beacon frame is a type of management frame in IEEE 802.11 that announces the existence of a wireless network and is periodically transmitted so that a scanning STA can find and join the wireless network. In a BSS, an AP periodically transmits beacon frames, while in an IBSS, STAs within the IBSS transmit beacon frames in turns. When a scanning STA receives a beacon frame, it stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information on each channel while moving to another channel. A STA that receives a beacon frame stores the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, moves to the next channel, and scans the next channel in the same manner.

[0057] An STA that has discovered a network can perform an authentication process through step S320. This authentication process is referred to as a first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation in step S340, which will be described later. The authentication process in S320 may include a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an authentication response frame to the STA. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response corresponds to a management frame.

[0058] The authentication frame can include information such as an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a Robust Security Network (RSN), a Finite Cyclic Group, and the like.

[0059] The STA can send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP can determine whether to allow authentication for the STA based on the information contained in the received authentication request frame. The AP can provide the STA with the result of the authentication process via an authentication response frame.

[0060] A successfully authenticated STA can perform an association process based on step S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA. For example, the association request frame can include information related to various capabilities, such as a beacon listen interval, a Service Set Identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, an RSN, a mobility domain, supported operating classes, a Traffic Indication Map Broadcast request, and interworking service capabilities. For example, the connection response frame may include information related to various capabilities, a status code, an Association ID (AID), supported rates, an Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter set, a Received Channel Power Indicator (RCPI), a Received Signal to Noise Indicator (RSNI), a mobility domain, a timeout interval (association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, a TIM broadcast response, a QoS map, and the like.

[0061] Thereafter, in step S340, the STA may perform a security setup process, which may include, for example, a private key setup process via a four-way handshake using an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame.

[0062] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard.

[0063] As shown, various types of PPDUs (PHY protocol data units) are used in standards such as IEEEa / g / n / ac. Specifically, the LTF and STF fields contain training signals, SIG-A and SIG-B contain control information for the receiving station, and the data field contains user data corresponding to the PSDU (MAC PDU / Aggregated MAC PDU).

[0064] 4 also includes an example of an HE PPDU of the IEEE 802.11ax standard. The HE PPDU shown in FIG. 4 is an example of a PPDU for multiple users, and the HE-SIG-B is included only for multiple users, and the corresponding HE-SIG-B is omitted in a PPDU for a single user.

[0065] As shown, an HE-PPDU for multiple users (MUs) may include a Legacy-Short Training Field (L-STF), a Legacy-Long Training Field (L-LTF), a Legacy-Signal (L-SIG), a high efficiency-signal A (HE-SIG-A), a high efficiency-signal B (HE-SIG-B), a High Efficiency-Short Training Field (HE-STF), a High Efficiency-Long Training Field (HE-LTF), a Data field (or MAC payload), and a Packet Extension (PE) field. Each field is transmitted during the indicated time interval (i.e., 4 or 8 μs, etc.).

[0066] The resource unit (RU) used in the PPDU is described as follows. A resource unit can include multiple subcarriers (or tones). A resource unit is used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on OFDMA technology. A resource unit is also defined when transmitting a signal to a single STA. A resource unit is used for the STF, LTF, data field, etc.

[0067] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of resource units (RUs) used on a 20 MHz band.

[0068] As shown in Figure 5, resource units (RUs) corresponding to different numbers of tones (i.e., subcarriers) can be used to configure some fields of the HE-PPDU. For example, resources are allocated in units of the indicated RUs to the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields.

[0069] As shown at the top of Figure 5, 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones) are allocated. Six tones are used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones are used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. Seven DC tones are inserted in the center band, i.e., the DC band, and there may be 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each side of the DC band. 26 units, 52 units, and 106 units are allocated to other bands. Each unit is allocated for a receiving station, i.e., a user.

[0070] On the other hand, the RU arrangement of Figure 5 can be utilized not only in a multiple user (MU) situation but also in a single user (SU) situation, in which case one 242 unit can be used as shown at the bottom of Figure 5, and in this case three DC tones are inserted.

[0071] In the example of Figure 5, various sizes of RUs, i.e., 26RU, 52RU, 106RU, 242RU, etc., are proposed, and the specific size of such RUs may be expanded or increased, so this embodiment is not limited to the specific size of each RU (i.e., the number of corresponding tones).

[0072] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the allocation of resource units (RUs) used on a 40 MHz band.

[0073] Just as various sizes of RUs are used in the example of Figure 5, the example of Figure 6 also uses 26RU, 52RU, 106RU, 242RU, 484RU, etc. Also, five DC tones are inserted at the center frequency, 12 tones are used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40 MHz band, and 11 tones are used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 40 MHz band.

[0074] Also, as shown, 484 RUs can be used when used for a single user, while the specific number of RUs can be changed, as in the example of FIG.

[0075] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the allocation of resource units (RUs) used on the 80 MHz band.

[0076] Just as various sizes of RUs were used in the examples of Figures 5 and 6, the example of Figure 7 can also use 26RU, 52RU, 106RU, 242RU, 484RU, 996RU, etc. In addition, seven DC tones are inserted at the center frequency, 12 tones are used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 80 MHz band, and 11 tones are used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 80 MHz band. In addition, 26RUs using 13 tones on each side of the DC band can be used.

[0077] Also, as shown, when used for a single user, 996RUs can be used, in which case five DC tones are inserted.

[0078] The RUs described herein are used for UL (Uplink) communication and DL (Downlink) communication. For example, when UL-MU communication solicited by a Trigger frame is performed, a transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can assign a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 RU, etc.) to a first STA and a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 RU, etc.) to a second STA via the Trigger frame. Thereafter, the first STA can transmit a first Trigger-Based PPDU based on the first RU, and the second STA can transmit a second Trigger-Based PPDU based on the second RU. The first and second Trigger-Based PPDUs are transmitted to the AP in the same time interval.

[0079] For example, when a DL MU PPDU is configured, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can assign a first RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 RU, etc.) to the first STA and a second RU (e.g., 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 RU, etc.) to the second STA. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the first STA via the first RU and the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the second STA via the second RU within one MU PPDU.

[0080] Information about the location of the RU is signaled via HE-SIG-B.

[0081] Figure 8 shows the structure of the HE-SIG-B field.

[0082] As shown, the HE-SIG-B field 810 includes a common field 820 and a user-specific field 830. The common field 820 can include information that applies to all users (i.e., user STAs) receiving the SIG-B. The user-specific field 830 can be called a user-specific control field. When the SIG-B is transmitted to multiple users, the user-specific field 830 can apply to only some of the users.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 8, the common field (820) and the user specific field (830) can be encoded separately.

[0084] The common field 820 can contain N*8 bits of RU allocation information. For example, the RU allocation information can include information about the location of the RU. For example, when a 20 MHz channel is used as in FIG. 5, the RU allocation information can include information about which RU (26RU / 52RU / 106RU) is allocated to which frequency band.

[0085] An example of RU allocation information consisting of 8 bits is as follows:

[0086] [Table 1]

[0087] As shown in the example of Figure 5, a maximum of nine 26RUs are allocated to a 20MHz channel. When the RU allocation information in the common field (820) is set to "00000000," as shown in Table 1, nine 26RUs are allocated to the corresponding channel (i.e., 20MHz). Also, when the RU allocation information in the common field (820) is set to "00000001," as shown in Table 1, seven 26RUs and one 52RU are allocated to the corresponding channel. That is, in the example of Figure 5, a 52RU is allocated to the rightmost position, and seven 26RUs are allocated to the left of that.

[0088] The example in Table 1 shows only some of the RU locations for which RU allocation information can be displayed.

[0089] For example, the RU allocation information may further include an example of Table 2 below.

[0090] [Table 2]

[0091] "01000y2y1y0" relates to an example in which 106RU is allocated to the left end of a 20MHz channel, and five 26RUs are allocated to the right of it. In this case, a large number of STAs (e.g., User-STAs) are allocated to the 106RU based on MU-MIMO technology. Specifically, a maximum of eight STAs (e.g., User-STAs) are allocated to the 106RU, and the number of STAs (e.g., User-STAs) allocated to the 106RU is determined based on the 3-bit information (y2y1y0). For example, when the 3-bit information (y2y1y0) is set to N, the number of STAs (e.g., User-STAs) allocated to the 106RU based on MU-MIMO technology is N+1.

[0092] Typically, multiple STAs (e.g., User STAs) are assigned to multiple RUs. However, for a single RU with a certain size (e.g., 106 subcarriers) or more, multiple STAs (e.g., User STAs) are assigned based on MU-MIMO technology.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 8, the user-specific field (830) can include multiple user fields. As described above, the number of STAs (e.g., user STAs) to be allocated to a specific channel is determined based on the RU allocation information in the common field (820). For example, if the RU allocation information in the common field (820) is "00000000," one user STA is allocated to each of the nine 26 RUs (i.e., a total of nine user STAs are allocated). In other words, up to nine user STAs are allocated to a specific channel via OFDMA technology. Also, up to nine user STAs are allocated to a specific channel via non-MU-MIMO technology.

[0094] For example, if the RU allocation is set to "01000y2y1y0", the 106RU located on the left side is allocated with multiple user STAs using MU-MIMO technology, and the five 26RUs located to the right side are allocated with five user STAs using non-MU-MIMO technology. This case is embodied by the example shown in FIG. 9.

[0095] FIG. 9 shows an example in which multiple user STAs are assigned to the same RU via MU-MIMO technology.

[0096] For example, when the RU allocation is set to "01000010" as shown in Figure 9, 106 RUs are allocated to the left end of a specific channel, and five 26 RUs are allocated to the right of that, based on Table 2. In addition, a total of three user STAs are allocated to the 106 RUs via MU-MIMO technology. As a result, a total of eight user STAs are allocated, so the user individual field (830) of the HE-SIG-B can include eight user fields.

[0097] The eight user fields are included in the order shown in Figure 9. Also, as shown in Figure 8, two user fields are implemented in one user block field.

[0098] The user fields shown in Figures 8 and 9 are configured based on two formats. That is, the user field related to MU-MIMO technology is configured in a first format, and the user field related to non-MU-MIMO technology is configured in a second format. Referring to the example of Figure 9, user fields 1 to 3 are based on the first format, and user fields 4 to 8 are based on the second format. The first format or the second format can contain bit information of the same length (e.g., 21 bits).

[0099] Each user field can have the same size (for example, 21 bits). For example, the user field of the first format (the format of the MU-MIMO technology) is configured as follows:

[0100] For example, the first bit (e.g., B0-B10) in the User field (i.e., 21 bits) may include identification information (e.g., STA-ID, partial AID, etc.) of the User STA to which the corresponding User field is assigned. Also, the second bit (e.g., B11-B14) in the User field (i.e., 21 bits) may include information regarding spatial configuration. Specifically, an example of the second bit (i.e., B11-B14) may be the same as Tables 3 to 4 below.

[0101] [Table 3]

[0102] [Table 4]

[0103] As shown in Table 3 and / or Table 4, the second bits (i.e., B11-B14) may include information regarding the number of spatial streams allocated to multiple user STAs allocated by MU-MIMO technology. For example, when three user STAs are allocated to 106RU based on MU-MIMO technology as shown in FIG. 9, N_user is set to "3", and the values ​​of N_STS[1], N_STS[2], and N_STS[3] are determined accordingly as shown in Table 3. For example, when the value of the second bits (B11-B14) is "0011", N_STS[1]=4, N_STS[2]=1, and N_STS[3]=1 are set. That is, in the example of FIG. 9, four spatial streams are allocated to user field 1, one spatial stream is allocated to user field 2, and one spatial stream is allocated to user field 3.

[0104] As shown in the examples of Table 3 and / or Table 4, information regarding the number of spatial streams for a user station (User STA) (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) is composed of 4 bits. Also, the information regarding the number of spatial streams for a user station (User STA) (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) can support up to 8 spatial streams. Also, the information regarding the number of spatial streams (i.e., the second bits, B11-B14) can support up to 4 spatial streams for one user STA.

[0105] In addition, the third bit (i.e., B15-18) in the User field (i.e., 21 bits) can contain MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information. The MCS information is applied to the data field in the PPDU containing the corresponding SIG-B.

[0106] As used herein, MCS, MCS information, MCS index, MCS field, etc. may be represented by a specific index value. For example, MCS information may be represented by index 0 to index 11. The MCS information may include information about a constellation modulation type (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16_QAM, 64_QAM, 256_QAM, 1024_QAM, etc.) and information about a coding rate (code rate) (e.g., 1 / 2, 2 / 3, 3 / 4, 5 / 6, etc.). Information about a channel coding type (e.g., BSS or LDPC) may be excluded from the MCS information.

[0107] Also, the fourth bit (ie, B19) in the User field (ie, 21 bits) is a Reserved field.

[0108] In addition, the fifth bit (i.e., B20) in the User field (i.e., 21 bits) may include information about the coding type (e.g., BSS or LDPC). That is, the fifth bit (i.e., B20) may include information about the type of channel coding (e.g., BSS or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU containing the corresponding SIG-B.

[0109] The above example relates to the User field of the first format (the format of the MU-MIMO technology). An example of the User field of the second format (the format of the non-MU-MIMO technology) is as follows:

[0110] The first bit (e.g., B0-B10) in the User field of the second format may include identification information of the User STA. The second bit (e.g., B11-B13) in the User field of the second format may include information regarding the number of spatial streams applied to the corresponding RU. The third bit (e.g., B14) in the User field of the second format may include information regarding whether a beamforming steering matrix is ​​applied. The fourth bit (e.g., B15-B18) in the User field of the second format may include modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information. The fifth bit (e.g., B19) in the User field of the second format may include information regarding whether dual carrier modulation (DCM) is applied. The sixth bit (i.e., B20) in the User field of the second format may include information regarding the coding type (e.g., BSS or LDPC).

[0111] 10 shows the operation related to the UL-MU. As shown, a transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can perform channel connection via contending (i.e., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame (1030). That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can transmit a PPDU including a trigger frame (1330). When the PPDU including the trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0112] The TB PPDUs (1041, 1042) are transmitted during the same time period from multiple STAs (e.g., User STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the Trigger frame (1030). The ACK frames (1050) for the TB PPDUs can be implemented in various forms.

[0113] Specific features of the trigger frame will be described with reference to Figures 11 to 13. When UL-MU communication is used, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology or MU MIMO technology is used, and OFDMA and MU MIMO technology are used simultaneously.

[0114] Fig. 11 shows an example of a trigger frame. The trigger frame in Fig. 11 allocates resources for uplink MU transmission (Uplink Multiple-User transmission) and is transmitted, for example, from an AP. The trigger frame is configured as a MAC frame and is included in a PPDU.

[0115] Some of the fields shown in Figure 11 may be omitted, others may be added, and the length of each field may vary from that shown.

[0116] The frame control field (1110) in Figure 11 contains information about the MAC protocol version and other additional control information, and the duration field (1120) contains information about the time information for NAV setting and the STA identifier (e.g., AID).

[0117] The RA field (1130) contains address information of the STA receiving the corresponding trigger frame, and may be omitted if necessary. The TA field (1140) contains address information of the STA (e.g., AP) transmitting the corresponding trigger frame, and the common information field (1150) contains common control information applied to the receiving STA receiving the corresponding trigger frame. For example, it includes a field indicating the length of the L-SIG field of the up PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame, and information controlling the contents of the SIG-A field (i.e., the HE-SIG-A field) of the up PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame. The common control information also includes information regarding the length of the CP of the up PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame and information regarding the length of the LTF field.

[0118] It is also preferable to include per user information fields (1160#1 to 1160#N) corresponding to the number of receiving STAs that receive the trigger frame in Figure 11. The per user information fields are also called "assignment fields."

[0119] The trigger frame of FIG. 11 may also include a padding field (1170) and a frame check sequence field (1180).

[0120] Each of the per user information fields (1160#1 to 1160#N) shown in FIG. 11 can include multiple subfields.

[0121] Figure 12 shows an example of the common information field of a trigger frame. Some of the subfields in Figure 12 may be omitted, others may be added, and the length of each of the subfields shown may vary.

[0122] The indicated length field (1210) has the same value as the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the trigger frame, and the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU indicates the length of the uplink PPDU. As a result, the length field (1210) of the trigger frame is used to indicate the length of the corresponding uplink PPDU.

[0123] In addition, the cascade indicator field (1220) indicates whether cascade operation is performed. Cascade operation means that both downlink MU transmission and uplink MU transmission are performed within the same TXOP. In other words, it means that after downlink MU transmission is performed, uplink MU transmission is performed after a previously set time (e.g., SIFS). In cascade operation, there may be only one transmitter (e.g., AP) performing downlink communication, and multiple transmitters (e.g., non-APs) performing uplink communication.

[0124] The CS request field (1230) indicates whether or not the receiving device that received the trigger frame needs to consider the state of the wireless medium, NAV, etc. when transmitting the corresponding uplink PPDU.

[0125] The HE-SIG-A information field (1240) contains information that controls the content of the SIG-A field (i.e., the HE-SIG-A field) of the up PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame.

[0126] The CP and LTF type field (1250) may include information about the LTF length and CP length of the up PPDU transmitted in response to the trigger frame. The trigger type field (1060) may indicate the purpose for which the trigger frame is used, such as a normal trigger, a trigger for beamforming, or a request for Block ACK / NACK.

[0127] In this specification, it can be assumed that the trigger type field (1260) of the trigger frame indicates a basic type trigger frame for normal triggering. For example, a basic type trigger frame can be called a basic trigger frame.

[0128] Figure 13 shows an example of subfields included in a per user information field. The user information field (1300) in Figure 13 can be understood as any one of the individual user information fields (1160#1 to 1160#N) mentioned in Figure 11 above. Some of the subfields included in the user information field (1300) in Figure 13 may be omitted, and other subfields may be added. Also, the length of each of the subfields shown may be changed.

[0129] The User Identifier field (1310) in FIG. 13 indicates the identifier of the STA (i.e., the receiving STA) corresponding to the individual user information, and an example of the identifier can be all or part of the AID (Association IDentifier) ​​value of the receiving STA.

[0130] The trigger frame also includes an RU allocation field 1320. That is, when the receiving STA identified in the user identifier field 1310 transmits a TB PPDU in response to the trigger frame, the TB PPDU is transmitted via the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320. In this case, the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320 is the RU shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7.

[0131] The subfields of Figure 13 may include a coding type field 1330. The coding type field 1330 may indicate the coding type of the TB PPDU. For example, if BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 is set to '1', and if LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 is set to '0'.

[0132] 13 may also include an MCS field 1340. The MCS field 1340 may indicate an MCS technique applied to the TB PPDU. For example, if BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 is set to '1', and if LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 is set to '0'.

[0133] The following describes UORA (UL OFDMA-based Random Access) technology.

[0134] Figure 14 illustrates the technical features of the UORA technology.

[0135] A transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can allocate six RU resources via a trigger frame as shown in FIG. 14. Specifically, the AP can allocate the first RU resource (AID 0, RU1), the second RU resource (AID 0, RU2), the third RU resource (AID 0, RU3), the fourth RU resource (AID 2045, RU4), the fifth RU resource (AID 2045, RU5), and the sixth RU resource (AID 3, RU6). Information about AID 0, AID 3, or AID 2045 is included, for example, in the user identification field (1310) in FIG. 13. Information about RU 1 to RU 6 is included, for example, in the RU allocation field (1320) in FIG. 13. AID=0 indicates a UORA resource for an associated STA, and AID=2045 indicates a UORA resource for an unassociated STA. As a result, the first to third RU resources in Figure 14 are used as UORA resources for associated STAs, the fourth to fifth RU resources in Figure 14 are used as UORA resources for un-associated STAs, and the sixth RU resource in Figure 14 is used as a resource for normal ULMUs.

[0136] In the example of Figure 14, the OBO (OFDMA random access BackOff) counter of STA1 is decremented to 0, and STA1 randomly selects the second RU resource (AID 0, RU2). Also, since the OBO counters of STA2 / 3 are greater than 0, no uplink resources are allocated to STA2 / 3. Also in Figure 14, STA4 is allocated the resource of RU6 without backoff because its own AID (i.e., AID=3) is included in the trigger frame.

[0137] Specifically, STA1 in FIG. 14 is an associated STA, so there are a total of three eligible RA RUs for STA1 (RU1, RU2, RU3), and as a result, STA1 has reduced its OBO counter by 3, so that the OBO counter is now 0. Also, STA2 in FIG. 14 is an associated STA, so there are a total of three eligible RA RUs for STA2 (RU1, RU2, RU3), and as a result, STA2 has reduced its OBO counter by 3, but the OBO counter is still greater than 0. Also, STA3 in FIG. 14 is an un-associated STA, so there are a total of two eligible RA RUs for STA3 (RU4, RU5), and as a result, STA3 has reduced its OBO counter by 2, but the OBO counter is still greater than 0.

[0138] FIG. 15 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0139] The 2.4 GHz band may be referred to by other names, such as Band 1. The 2.4 GHz band also refers to the range of frequencies in which channels with center frequencies adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels with center frequencies between 2.4 and 2.5 GHz) are used / supported / defined.

[0140] The 2.4 GHz band includes multiple 20 MHz channels. 20 MHz within the 2.4 GHz band can have multiple channel indices (e.g., index 1 through index 14). For example, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 1 is 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 2 is 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index N is (2.407 + 0.005 * N) GHz. Channel indices are referred to by various names, such as channel numbers. The specific numerical values ​​of channel indices and center frequencies are subject to change.

[0141] FIG. 15 shows an example of four channels in the 2.4 GHz band. The first to fourth frequency regions (1510, 1540) shown can each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region (1510) can include channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel with index 1). The center frequency of channel 1 is set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region (1520) can include channel 6. The center frequency of channel 6 is set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region (1530) can include channel 11. The center frequency of channel 11 is set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region (1540) can include channel 14. The center frequency of channel 14 is set to 2484 MHz.

[0142] Figure 16 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0143] The 5 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as the second band / band. The 5 GHz band refers to a frequency range in which channels with center frequencies equal to or greater than 5 GHz but less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz) are used / supported / defined. Alternatively, the 5 GHz band may include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The specific values ​​shown in Figure 16 are subject to change.

[0144] The multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 can be called UNII Low. UNII-2 can include frequency regions called UNII Mid and UNII-2 Extended. UNII-3 can be called UNII Upper.

[0145] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels are established, with each channel having a bandwidth of various sizes, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency range can be divided into four channels by a 40 MHz frequency range. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency range can be divided into two channels by an 80 MHz frequency range. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency range can be divided into one channel by a 160 MHz frequency range.

[0146] Figure 17 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0147] The 6 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as the third band or band. The 6 GHz band refers to the frequency range in which channels with center frequencies of 5.9 GHz or higher are used / supported / defined. The specific values ​​shown in Figure 17 are subject to change.

[0148] For example, the 20 MHz channels in Figure 17 are defined starting from 5.940 GHz. Specifically, the leftmost channel of the 20 MHz channels in Figure 17 may have an index (or channel index, channel number, etc.) of 1, and is assigned a center frequency of 5.945 GHz. That is, the center frequency of the Nth channel is determined to be (5.940 + 0.005 * N) GHz.

[0149] As a result, the indices (or channel numbers) of the 20 MHz channels in Figure 17 are 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, and 233. Also, according to the above-mentioned (5.940+0.005*N) GHz rule, the indexes of the 40 MHz channels in Figure 17 are 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, and 227.

[0150] The example in FIG. 17 shows 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz channels, but 240 MHz and 320 MHz channels are also added.

[0151] The PPDUs transmitted / received in the STAs of this specification are described below.

[0152] FIG. 18 shows an example of a PPDU used in this specification.

[0153] 18 is referred to by various names such as EHT PPDU, transmit PPDU, receive PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. For example, in this specification, PPDU or EHT PPDU is referred to by various names such as transmit PPDU, receive PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU, etc. Furthermore, EHT PPDU is used in EHT systems and / or new wireless LAN systems that are improvements to the EHT system.

[0154] The PPDU in Figure 18 may indicate some or all of the PPDU types used in the EHT system. For example, the example in Figure 18 is used for both the SU (Single-User) mode and the MU (Multi-User) mode. The PPDU in Figure 18 is a PPDU for one receiving STA or multiple receiving STAs. When the PPDU in Figure 18 is used for the TB (Trigger-Based) mode, the EHT-SIG in Figure 18 is omitted. A STA that receives a Trigger frame for UL-MU (UpLink-MU) communication can transmit a PPDU in the example in Figure 18 from which the EHT-SIG is omitted.

[0155] In FIG. 18, the L-STF to EHT-LTF are called preambles or physical preambles, and are generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded in the physical layer.

[0156] The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields in Figure 18 is determined to be 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and Data fields is determined to be 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields can be expressed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and Data fields can be expressed in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0157] In the PPDU of FIG. 18, L-LTF and L-STF are the same as conventional fields.

[0158] The L-SIG field in FIG. 18 may contain, for example, 24-bit bit information. For example, the 24-bit information may include a 4-bit Rate field, a 1-bit Reserved bit, a 12-bit Length field, a 1-bit ParitY bit, and 6 Tail bits. For example, the 12-bit Length field may contain information regarding the length or time duration of the PPDU. For example, the value of the 12-bit Length field is determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, if the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, or EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, if the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as "multiple of 3 + 1" or "multiple of 3 + 2." In addition, the value of the Length field for a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, or EHT PPDU is determined as a multiple of 3, and the value of the Length field for an HE PPDU is determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 + 2".

[0159] For example, the transmitting STA may apply BCC encoding based on a code rate of 1 / 2 to the 24-bit information in the L-SIG field. The transmitting STA may then obtain 48 BCC-encoded bits. BPSK modulation is applied to the 48 encoded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA may map the 48 BPSK symbols to positions excluding the pilot subcarriers (subcarrier indexes -21, -7, +7, +21) and the DC subcarrier (subcarrier index 0). As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols are mapped to subcarrier indexes -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA may further map signals of {-1, -1, -1, 1} to subcarrier indexes {-28, -27, +27, 28}. The above signal is used for channel estimation for the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, 28}.

[0160] The transmitting STA can generate a RL-SIG, which is generated similarly to the L-SIG. BPSK modulation is applied to the RL-SIG. The receiving STA can determine whether the received PPDU is an HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the presence of the RL-SIG.

[0161] A Universal SIG (U-SIG) is inserted after the RL-SIG in Figure 18. The U-SIG can be called various names such as a first SIG field, a first SIG, a first type SIG, a control signal, a control signal field, or a first (type) control signal.

[0162] The U-SIG can contain N bits of information, including information for identifying the type of EHT PPDU. For example, the U-SIG is configured based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol (e.g., OFDM symbol) for the U-SIG can have a duration of 4 us. Each symbol of the U-SIG is used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each U-SIG symbol is transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0163] For example, A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted via the U-SIG (or U-SIG field), with the first symbol of the U-SIG transmitting the first X-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) of the total A-bit information, and the second symbol of the U-SIG transmitting the remaining Y-bit information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) of the total A-bit information. For example, the transmitting STA may obtain the 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA may perform convolutional encoding (i.e., BCC encoding) based on a rate of R=½ to generate 52-coded bits and perform interleaving on the 52-coded bits. The transmitting STA may perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52-coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols assigned to each U-SIG symbol. One U-SIG symbol is transmitted based on 56 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, excluding DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA are transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding the pilot tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0164] For example, the A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by a U-SIG may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit field). The CRC field and tail field are transmitted via the second symbol of the U-SIG. The CRC field is generated based on the 26 bits assigned to the first symbol of the U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits in the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and is generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. The tail field is used to terminate the trellis of a convolutional decoder and is set to, for example, "000000."

[0165] The A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by the U-SIG (or U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, the size of the version-independent bits can be fixed or variable. For example, the version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or the version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first and second symbols of the U-SIG. For example, the version-independent bits and version-dependent bits can be called by various names, such as first control bits and second control bits.

[0166] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the transmitted / received PPDU. For example, a first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmitted / received PPDU is an EHT PPDU. Furthermore, when transmitting an EHT PPDU, the transmitting STA may set the 3-bit PHY version identifier to the first value. Furthermore, the receiving STA may determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value.

[0167] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field, where a first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field is associated with UL communication and a second value of the UL / DL flag field is associated with DL communication.

[0168] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include information about the length of the TXOP and information about the BSS color ID.

[0169] For example, if the EHT PPDU can be divided into various types (e.g., EHT PPDUs associated with SU mode, EHT PPDUs associated with MU mode, EHT PPDUs associated with TB mode, EHT PPDUs associated with Extended Range transmission, etc.), information about the type of EHT PPDU is included in the version-dependent bits of the U-SIG.

[0170] For example, the U-SIG may include information regarding 1) a bandwidth field containing information regarding the bandwidth, 2) a field containing information regarding the MCS technique applied to the EHT-SIG, 3) an indication field containing information related to whether Dual Subcarrier Modulation (DCM) technique is applied to the EHT-SIG, 4) a field containing information regarding the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG, 5) a field containing information regarding whether the EHT-SIG is generated across the entire band, 6) a field containing information regarding the type of EHT-LTF / STF, and 7) a field indicating the length of the EHT-LTF and the CP length.

[0171] Preamble puncturing is applied to the PPDU in Figure 18. Preamble puncturing means applying puncturing to a portion of the entire bandwidth of the PPDU (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is transmitted, the STA applies puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band of the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0172] For example, the preamble puncturing pattern is set in advance. For example, when a first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing is applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when a second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing is applied only to one of two secondary 20 MHz bands included in the secondary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when a third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing is applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when a fourth puncturing pattern is applied, a primary 40 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band is present within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band), and puncturing is applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band.

[0173] Information about preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or EHT-SIG, for example, a first field of the U-SIG may include information about the contiguous bandwidth of the PPDU, and a second field of the U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0174] For example, the U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing based on the following method: If the bandwidth of a PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIGs are individually configured in 80 MHz increments. For example, if the bandwidth of a PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU includes a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information about the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information about the preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information about the preamble puncturing pattern). Also, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information about the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information about the preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information about the preamble puncturing pattern). On the other hand, the EHT-SIG subsequent to the first U-SIG may include information regarding the preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information regarding the preamble puncturing pattern), and the EHT-SIG subsequent to the second U-SIG may include information regarding the preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information regarding the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0175] Additionally or alternatively, the U-SIG and the EHT-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing based on the following method: The U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing for all bands (i.e., information about the preamble puncturing pattern). That is, the EHT-SIG does not include information about preamble puncturing, and only the U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing (i.e., information about the preamble puncturing pattern).

[0176] U-SIGs are configured in 20 MHz units. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs are duplicated. That is, the same four U-SIGs are included in the 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth can contain different U-SIGs.

[0177] U-SIGs are configured in 20 MHz units. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs are duplicated. That is, the same four U-SIGs are included in the 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth can contain different U-SIGs.

[0178] The EHT-SIG in Figure 18 can include control information for the receiving STA. The EHT-SIG is transmitted over at least one symbol, and one symbol can have a length of 4 us. Information regarding the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG is included in the U-SIG.

[0179] The EHT-SIG includes the technical features of the HE-SIG-B described through Figures 8 and 9. For example, the EHT-SIG can include a common field and a user-specific field, as in the example of Figure 8. The common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted, and the number of user-specific fields is determined based on the number of users.

[0180] As in the example of Figure 8, the common field of the EHT-SIG and the user specific field of the EHT-SIG are coded separately. One user block field included in the user specific fields can contain information for two users, while the last user block field included in the user specific fields can contain information for one user. That is, one user block field of the EHT-SIG can contain up to two user fields. As in the example of Figure 9, each user field is associated with either MU-MIMO allocation or non-MU-MIMO allocation.

[0181] Similar to the example of FIG. 8, the common field of the EHT-SIG can include CRC bits and Tail bits, where the length of the CRC bits is determined to be 4 bits and the length of the Tail bits is determined to be 6 bits and set to "000000".

[0182] As in the example of Figure 8, the common field of the EHT-SIG can include RU allocation information. RU allocation information refers to information about the locations of RUs to which multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) are assigned. The RU allocation information is configured in 8-bit (or N-bit) units, as in Table 1.

[0183] Tables 5 to 7 are examples of 8-bit (or N-bit) information for various RU allocations. Each table and the displayed indexes can be modified, and some entries in Tables 5 to 7 can be omitted and non-displayed entries can be added.

[0184] Examples of Tables 5 to 7 relate to information about the locations of RUs allocated to a 20 MHz band. For example, "Index 0" in Table 5 is used in a situation where nine 26 RUs are individually allocated (e.g., the situation shown in Figure 5 where nine 26 RUs are individually allocated).

[0185] On the other hand, in an EHT system, multiple RUs can be assigned to one STA. For example, in "Index 60" in Table 6, one 26RU is assigned to one user (i.e., the receiving STA) at the left end of the 20 MHz band, and one 26RU and one 52RU are assigned to another user (i.e., the receiving STA) to the right of that, and five 26RUs are assigned individually to the right of that.

[0186] [Table 5]

[0187] [Table 6]

[0188] [Table 7]

[0189] A mode in which the common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted is supported. The mode in which the common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted can be called compressed mode. When compressed mode is used, multiple users of the EHT PPDU (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on non-OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) received via the same frequency band. On the other hand, when non-compressed mode is used, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can receive the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) via different frequency bands.

[0190] The EHT-SIG is configured based on various MCS techniques. As described above, information related to the MCS technique applied to the EHT-SIG is included in the U-SIG. The EHT-SIG is configured based on the DCM technique. For example, of N data tones (e.g., 52 data tones) allocated for the EHT-SIG, a first modulation technique is applied to consecutive half tones, and a second modulation technique is applied to the remaining consecutive half tones. That is, the transmitting STA can modulate specific control information onto a first symbol based on a first modulation technique and assign it to consecutive half tones, and modulate the same control information onto a second symbol based on a second modulation technique and assign it to the remaining consecutive half tones. As described above, information related to whether the DCM technique is applied to the EHT-SIG (e.g., a 1-bit field) is included in the U-SIG. The EHT-STF of FIG. 18 is used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) environment or an OFDMA environment. The EHT-LTF of FIG. 18 is used to estimate a channel in a MIMO or OFDMA environment.

[0191] The EHT-STF of FIG. 18 can be configured as various types. For example, the first type of STF (i.e., 1x STF) is generated based on a first type STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are allocated to 16 subcarrier intervals. The STF signal generated based on the first type STF sequence can have a period of 0.8 μs, and a 0.8 μs periodic signal becomes the first type STF with a length of 4 μs repeated five times. For example, the second type of STF (i.e., 2x STF) is generated based on a second type STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are allocated to 8 subcarrier intervals. The STF signal generated based on the second type STF sequence can have a period of 1.6 μs, and a 1.6 μs periodic signal becomes the second type EHT-STF with a length of 8 μs repeated five times. An example of a sequence (i.e., an EHT-STF sequence) for configuring the EHT-STF is presented below. The following sequence can be modified in various ways.

[0192] The EHT-STF is constructed based on the following M-sequence:

[0193] [Formula 1] M={-1,-1,-1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,-1,1}

[0194] The EHT-STF for a 20 MHz PPDU is configured based on the following equation. The following example is a first type (i.e., 1x STF) sequence. For example, the first type sequence is included in an EHT-PPDU that is not a TB (Trigger-Based) PPDU. In the following equation, (a:b:c) refers to an interval defined as b (number of) tone intervals (i.e., subcarrier intervals) from tone index a (i.e., subcarrier index) to tone index c. For example, the following equation 2 may represent a sequence defined as 16 (number of) tone intervals from tone index -112 to index 112. Since a subcarrier spacing of 78.125 kHz is applied to the EHT-STF, the 16-tone interval means that the EHT-STF coefficient (or element) is arranged in a 78.125*16 = 1250 kHz interval. Also, * means multiplication, and sqrt() means square root.

[0195] [Formula 2] EHT-STF(-112:16:112)={M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0196] EHT-STF(0)=0

[0197] The EHT-STF for 40MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula: The following example is a first type (ie, 1x STF) sequence.

[0198] [Formula 3] EHT-STF(-240:16:240)={M,0,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0199] The EHT-STF for 80MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula: The following example is a first type (ie, 1x STF) sequence.

[0200] [Formula 4] EHT-STF(-496:16:496)={M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0201] The EHT-STF for 160MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula: The following example is a first type (ie, 1x STF) sequence.

[0202] [Formula 5] EHT-STF(-1008:16:1008)={M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M,0,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0203] The sequence for the lower 80 MHz of the EHT-STF for the 80+80 MHz PPDU is the same as Equation 4. The sequence for the upper 80 MHz of the EHT-STF for the 80+80 MHz PPDU is configured based on the following equation.

[0204] [Formula 6] EHT-STF(-496:16:496)={-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0205] Equations 7 to 11 below relate to an example of a second type (ie, 2x STF) sequence.

[0206] [Formula 7] EHT-STF(-120:8:120)={M,0,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0207] The EHT-STF for 40MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula:

[0208] [Formula 8] EHT-STF(-248:8:248)={M,-1,-M,0,M,-1,M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0209] EHT-STF(-248)=0

[0210] EHT-STF(248)=0

[0211] The EHT-STF for 80MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula:

[0212] [Formula 9] EHT-STF(-504:8:504)={M,-1,M,-1,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0213] The EHT-STF for 160MHz PPDU is constructed based on the following formula:

[0214] [Formula 10] EHT-STF(-1016:16:1016)={M,-1,M,-1,-M,-1,M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M,0,-M,1,-M,1,M,1,-M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0215] EHT-STF(-8)=0,EHT-STF(8)=0,

[0216] EHT-STF(-1016)=0,EHT-STF(1016)=0

[0217] The sequence for the lower 80 MHz of the EHT-STF for the 80+80 MHz PPDU is the same as Equation 9. The sequence for the upper 80 MHz of the EHT-STF for the 80+80 MHz PPDU is configured based on the following equation.

[0218] [Formula 11] EHT-STF(-504:8:504)={-M,1,-M,1,M,1,-M,0,-M,1,M,1,-M,1,-M}*(1+j) / sqrt(2)

[0219] EHT-STF(-504)=0,

[0220] EHT-STF(504)=0

[0221] EHT-LTF can have first, second, or third type (i.e., 1x, 2x, or 4x LTF). For example, first, second, and third type LTFs are generated based on an LTF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are placed in 4, 2, or 1 subcarrier intervals. First, second, and third type LTFs can have time lengths of 3.2, 6.4, or 12.8 μs. GIs of various lengths (e.g., 0.8, 1, 6, or 3.2 μs) are applied to first, second, and third type LTFs.

[0222] Information about the type of STF and / or LTF (including information about the GI applied to the LTF) is included in the SIG A field and / or SIG B field of FIG. 18, for example.

[0223] The PPDU in FIG. 18 (ie, EHT-PPDU) is configured based on the examples in FIGS.

[0224] For example, an EHT PPDU transmitted on a 20 MHz band, i.e., a 20 MHz EHT PPDU, is configured based on the RUs in Fig. 5. That is, the RU locations of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU are determined as shown in Fig. 5.

[0225] The EHT PPDU transmitted on the 40 MHz band, i.e., the 40 MHz EHT PPDU, is configured based on the RU in Fig. 6. That is, the RU locations of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the EHT PPDU are determined as shown in Fig. 6.

[0226] Since the RU positions in Figure 6 correspond to 40 MHz, a tone plan for 80 MHz is determined by repeating the pattern in Figure 6 twice. That is, the 80 MHz EHT PPDU is transmitted based on a new tone plan in which the RUs in Figure 6 are repeated twice, rather than the RUs in Figure 7.

[0227] 6 is repeated twice, 23 tones (i.e., 11 guard tones + 12 guard tones) are configured in the DC region. That is, the tone plan for an 80 MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on OFDMA can have 23 DC tones. On the other hand, an 80 MHz EHT PPDU allocated based on non-OFDMA (i.e., non-OFDMA full bandwidth 80 MHz PPDU) is configured based on 996RU and can include 5 DC tones, 12 left guard tones, and 11 right guard tones.

[0228] The tone plan for 160 / 240 / 320MHz is constructed by repeating the pattern in Figure 6 many times.

[0229] The PPDU in FIG. 18 is identified as an EHT PPDU based on the following method.

[0230] The receiving STA can determine the type of the received PPDU as an EHT PPDU based on the following: For example, if 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the received PPDU is BPSK, 2) an RL-SIG in which the L-SIG of the received PPDU is repeated is detected, and 3) the result of applying 'modulo 3' to the value of the Length field of the L-SIG of the received PPDU is detected as '0', the received PPDU is determined to be an EHT PPDU. If the received PPDU is determined to be an EHT PPDU, the receiving STA can detect the type of EHT PPDU (e.g., SU / MU / Trigger-Based / Extended Range type) based on bit information included in the symbols after the RL-SIG in FIG. 18. In addition, the receiving STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal, which is the BSPK, 2) the RL-SIG that follows the L-SIG field and is the same as the L-SIG, and 3) the L-SIG that includes a Length field in which the result of applying "modulo 3" is set to "0".

[0231] For example, the receiving STA can determine the type of the received PPDU as an HE PPDU based on the following: 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, 2) an RL-SIG in which an L-SIG is repeated is detected, and 3) the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length value of the L-SIG is detected as "1" or "2," the received PPDU is determined to be an HE PPDU.

[0232] For example, the receiving STA can determine the type of the received PPDU as a non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU based on the following: For example, if 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, and 2) an RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is not detected, the received PPDU is determined to be a non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU. Also, even if the receiving STA detects a repetition of the RL-SIG, if the result of applying "modulo 3" to the length value of the L-SIG is detected as "0," the received PPDU is determined to be a non-HT, HT, or VHT PPDU.

[0233] In the following example, signals indicated as (transmit / receive / up / down) signals, (transmit / receive / up / down) frames, (transmit / receive / up / down) packets, (transmit / receive / up / down) data units, (transmit / receive / up / down) data, etc. are signals transmitted and received based on the PPDU of FIG. 18. The PPDU of FIG. 18 is used to transmit and receive various types of frames. For example, the PPDU of FIG. 18 is used for a control frame. Examples of control frames include a Request To Send (RTS), a Clear To Send (CTS), a Power Save-Poll (PS-Poll), a Block ACK Req, a Block ACK, a Null Data Packet (NDP) announcement, and a Trigger frame. For example, the PPDU of FIG. 18 is used for a management frame. Examples of management frames include a Beacon frame, a (Re-)Association request frame, a (Re-)Association response frame, a Probe request frame, and a Probe response frame. For example, the PPDU in Fig. 18 is used for a data frame. For example, the PPDU in Fig. 18 may be used to simultaneously transmit at least two or more of a control frame, a management frame, and a data frame.

[0234] FIG. 19 shows a variation of the transmitting device and / or receiving device of this specification.

[0235] Each device / STA in Figure 1(a) / (b) is modified as shown in Figure 19. The transceiver (630) in Figure 19 is the same as the transceivers (113, 123) in Figure 1. The transceiver (630) in Figure 19 can include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0236] The processor (610) in FIG. 19 is the same as the processors (111, 121) in FIG. 1. Alternatively, the processor (610) in FIG. 19 is the same as the processor chips (114, 124) in FIG.

[0237] The memory (150) in Figure 19 is the same as the memories (112, 122) in Figure 1. Alternatively, the memory (150) in Figure 19 is a separate external memory different from the memories (112, 122) in Figure 1.

[0238] Referring to Figure 19, the power management module (611) manages power for the processor (610) and / or transceiver (630). The battery (612) provides power to the power management module (611). The display (613) outputs results processed by the processor (610). The keypad (614) receives inputs used by the processor (610). The keypad (614) can be displayed on the display (613). The SIM card (615) is an integrated circuit used to securely store an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and associated keys used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile phone devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0239] 19, the speaker (640) can output sound-related results processed by the processor (610). The microphone (641) can receive sound-related inputs used by the processor (610).

[0240] 1. 802.11ax Wireless LAN System Tone Plan

[0241] In this specification, a tone plan refers to a rule that determines the size and / or location of a resource unit (RU). The following describes a tone plan that is applied to a PPDU according to the IEEE 802.11ax standard, i.e., an HE PPDU. The following also describes the RU size and RU location that are applied to the HE PPDU, and the control information related to the RU that is applied to the HE PPDU.

[0242] In this specification, control information related to an RU (or control information related to a tone plan) may include control information related to the size and location of the RU, information about a user STA assigned to a specific RU, a frequency bandwidth for a PPDU including the RU, and / or a modulation technique applied to a specific RU. The control information related to the RU is included in the SIG field. For example, in the IEEE 802.11ax standard, control information related to an RU is included in the HE-SIG-B field. That is, in the process of generating a transmission PPDU, a transmitting STA may include control information related to the RU included in the PPDU in the HE-SIG-B field. Furthermore, a receiving STA may receive the HE-SIG-B included in the received PPDU, obtain the control information included in the HE-SIG-B, determine whether there is an RU assigned to the receiving STA, and decode the assigned RU based on the HE-SIG-B.

[0243] In the IEEE 802.11ax standard, the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields are configured in units of RU. That is, when a first RU for a first receiving STA is configured, the STF / LTF / Data fields for the first receiving STA are transmitted and received via the first RU.

[0244] In the IEEE 802.11ax standard, a PPDU for one receiving STA (i.e., SU PPDU) and a PPDU for multiple receiving STAs (i.e., MU PPDU) are separately defined, and a tone plan for each is separately defined. The specific contents will be described below.

[0245] An RU defined in 11ax can include multiple subcarriers. For example, if an RU includes N subcarriers, it can be referred to as an N-tone RU or NRU. The location of a specific RU can be represented by a subcarrier index. The subcarrier index is defined in units of subcarrier frequency spacing. In the 11ax standard, subcarrier frequency spacing is 312.5 kHz or 78.125 kHz, and the subcarrier frequency spacing for an RU is 78.125 kHz. That is, subcarrier index +1 for an RU means a position that is 78.125 kHz higher than the DC tone, and subcarrier index −1 for an RU means a position that is 78.125 kHz lower than the DC tone. For example, if the location of a specific RU is represented as [−121:−96], the RU is located in the range from subcarrier index −121 to subcarrier index −96, and as a result, the RU can include 26 subcarriers.

[0246] The N-tone RU may contain pilot tones that have already been configured.

[0247] 2. Null subcarrier and pilot subcarrier

[0248] This paper explains subcarrier and resource allocation in 802.11ax systems.

[0249] An OFDM symbol is composed of subcarriers, and the number of subcarriers can function as the bandwidth of a PPDU. In the WLAN 802.11 system, data subcarriers used for data transmission, pilot subcarriers used for phase information and parameter tracking, and unused subcarriers not used for data transmission or pilot transmission are defined.

[0250] An HE MU PPDU using OFDMA transmission is transmitted using a mixture of 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, 106-tone RU, 242-tone RU, 484-tone RU, and 996-tone RU.

[0251] Here, a 26-tone RU consists of 24 data subcarriers and 2 pilot subcarriers. A 52-tone RU consists of 48 data subcarriers and 4 pilot subcarriers. A 106-tone RU consists of 102 data subcarriers and 4 pilot subcarriers. A 242-tone RU consists of 234 data subcarriers and 8 pilot subcarriers. A 484-tone RU consists of 468 data subcarriers and 16 pilot subcarriers. A 996-tone RU consists of 980 data subcarriers and 16 pilot subcarriers.

[0252] 1) Null subcarrier

[0253] As shown in Figures 5 to 7, there are null subcarriers between the locations of the 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, and 106-tone RU. The null subcarriers are located around the DC or edge tones to protect against transmit center frequency leakage, receiver DC offset, and interference from adjacent RUs. Null subcarriers have an energy of 0. The indices of the null subcarriers are listed as follows:

[0254] [Table 8]

[0255] The null subcarrier positions for each 80 MHz frequency segment of the 80+80 MHz HE PPDU must follow the positions of the 80 MHz HE PPDU.

[0256] 2) Pilot subcarrier

[0257] If pilot subcarriers are present in the HE-LTF field of an HE SU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, or HE TB PPDU, the positions of the pilot sequences in the HE-LTF field and data field are the same as those in 4x HE-LTF. In 1x HE-LTF, the positions of the pilot sequences in the HE-LTF consist of the pilot subcarriers relative to the data field multiplied by 4. If pilot subcarriers are present in 2x HE-LTF, the positions of the pilot subcarriers must be the same as those in 4x data symbols. All pilot subcarriers are located at even indexes listed as follows:

[0258] [Table 9]

[0259] [Table 10]

[0260] In 160 MHz or 80+80 MHz, the pilot subcarrier positions must use the same 80 MHz positions for both 80 MHz bands.

[0261] 3. HE transmit procedure and phase rotation

[0262] In an 802.11ax WLAN system, the transmission procedures in the physical (PHY) include a transmission procedure for an HE single-user (SU) PPDU, a transmission procedure for an HE extended-range (ER) SU PPDU, a transmission procedure for an HE multi-user (MU) PPDU, and a transmission procedure for an HE trigger-based (TB) PPDU. The FORMAT field of the PHY-TXSTART.request (TXVECTOR) is the same as HE_SU, HE_MU, HE_ER_SU, or HE_TB. The above transmission procedures do not explain the operation of optional features such as dual carrier modulation (DCM). Of the various transmission procedures, Figure 21 shows only the PHY transmission procedure for the HE SU PPDU.

[0263] FIG. 20 shows an example of a PHY transmission procedure for an HE SU PPDU.

[0264] To transmit data, the MAC generates a PHY-TXSTART.request primitive, which causes the PHY entity to enter a transmit state. The PHY is also configured to operate at the appropriate frequency via station management via the PLME. Other transmit parameters, such as the HE-MCS, coding type, and transmit power, are configured via the PHY-SAP using the PHY-TXSTART.request(TXVECTOR) primitive. After transmitting the PPDU carrying the trigger frame, the MAC sublayer can issue a PHY-TRIGGER.request with the TRIGVECTOR parameter, which provides the PHY entity with the information necessary to demodulate the expected HE TB PPDU response.

[0265] The PHY indicates the state of the primary channel and other channels via PHY-CCA.indication. PPDU transmission must be initiated by the PHY after receiving the PHY-TXSTART.request(TXVECTOR) primitive.

[0266] After the PHY preamble transmission starts, the PHY entity immediately starts data scrambling and data encoding. The encoding method for the data field is based on the FEC_CODING, CH_BANDWIDTH, NUM_STS, STBC, MCS, and NUM_USERS parameters of the TXVECTOR.

[0267] The SERVICE field and PSDU are encoded in the transmitter block diagram described below. Data must be exchanged between the MAC and PHY via a series of PHY-DATA.request(DATA) primitives issued by the MAC and PHY-DATA.confirm primitives issued by the PHY. PHY padding bits are appended to the PSDU to make the number of coded bits in the PSDU an integer multiple of the number of coded bits per OFDM symbol.

[0268] Transmission may be terminated early by the MAC via the PHY-TXEND.request primitive. PSDU transmission is terminated by receiving a PHY-TXEND.request primitive. Each PHY-TXEND.request primitive may be acknowledged by the PHY with a PHY-TXEND.confirm primitive.

[0269] Packet extension and / or signal extension may be present in the PPDU. The PHY-TXEND.confirm primitive is generated at the actual end time of the most recent PPDU, the end time of the packet extension, and the end time of the signal extension.

[0270] In the PHY, a GI (Guard Interval) specified together with the GI duration by the GI_TYPE parameter of the TXVECTOR is inserted into all data OFDM symbols as a countermeasure against delay spread.

[0271] Once the PPDU transmission is completed, the PHY entity will enter the receive state.

[0272] FIG. 21 shows an example of a block diagram of a transmitter that generates each field of an HE PPDU.

[0273] The following block diagram is used to generate each field of the HE PPDU.

[0274] a) pre-FECPHY padding

[0275] b) Scrambler

[0276] c) FEC (BCC or LDPC) encoders

[0277] d) post-FECPHY padding

[0278] e) Streamparser

[0279] f) Segment parser (for contiguous 160MHz and non-contiguous 80+80MHz transmission)

[0280] g) BCC interleaver

[0281] h) Constellation mapper

[0282] i) DCM tone mapper

[0283] j) Pilot insertion

[0284] k) Replication over multiple 20MHz (for BW>20MHz)

[0285] l) Multiplication by 1 st column of P HE-LTF

[0286] m) LDPC tone mapper

[0287] n) Segment deparser

[0288] o)Space time block code(STBC)encoder for one Spatial Stream

[0289] p)Cyclic shift diversity(CSD)per STS insertion

[0290] q) Spatial mapper

[0291] r) Frequency mapping

[0292] s)Inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)

[0293] f)Cyclic shift diversity(CSD)per chain insertion

[0294] u) Guard interval (GI) insertion

[0295] v) Windowing

[0296] 21 shows a block diagram of a transmitter used to generate a data field of an HE SU (Single User) PPDU to which LDPC encoding is applied and transmitted in a 160 MHz band. If the transmitter block diagram is used to generate a data field of an HE SU PPDU to be transmitted in an 80+80 MHz band, the segment deparser shown in FIG. 21 above is not used. In other words, when the segment parser is divided into an 80 MHz band and another 80 MHz band, the transmitter block diagram is used for each 80 MHz band.

[0297] 21, a data field (or a data bit string) is encoded by an LDPC encoder. The data bit string input to the LDPC encoder is scrambled by a scrambler.

[0298] The data bit sequence encoded by the LDPC encoder is divided into a plurality of spatial streams by a stream parser. In this case, the encoded data bit sequence divided into each spatial stream can be referred to as a spatial block. The number of spatial blocks is determined by the number of spatial streams used to transmit the PPDU and is set to the same number as the number of spatial streams.

[0299] Each spatial block is divided into at least one data fragment by a segment parser. When the data field is transmitted in a 160 MHz band as shown in Figure 22, the 160 MHz band is divided into two 80 MHz bands, and each 80 MHz band is divided into a first data fragment and a second data fragment. Then, the first and second data fragments are constellation mapped to the 80 MHz bands, respectively, to become LDPC mapped.

[0300] In HE MU transmission, except that Cyclic Shift Diversity (CSD) is performed with knowledge of the space-time stream start index for that user, the PPDU encoding processor runs independently in the Resource Unit (RU) for each user up to the input of the Spatial Mapping block. All user data in the RU is combined and mapped into the transmit chain of the Spatial Mapping block.

[0301] In 802.11ax, phase rotation is applied to the fields from the legacy preamble to just before the HE-STF, and the phase rotation value is defined in 20 MHz units. That is, among the fields of the HE PPDU defined in 802.11ax, phase rotation is applied to L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, and HE-SIG-B.

[0302] The L-STF of the HE PPDU is constructed as follows:

[0303] [Table 11]

[0304] [Table 12]

[0305] The L-LTF of the HE PPDU is configured as follows:

[0306] [Table 13]

[0307] The L-SIG of the HE PPDU is configured as follows:

[0308] [Table 14]

[0309] [Table 15]

[0310] The RL-SIG of the HE PPDU is structured as follows:

[0311] [Table 16]

[0312] [Table 17]

[0313] 4. Examples Applicable to This Specification

[0314] In the WLAN 802.11 system, to increase peak throughput, a wider band than the existing 11ax is used, or more antennas are used to transmit an increased number of streams. This specification also considers a method of aggregating multiple links or aggregating multiple RUs and assigning them to one STA for transmission.

[0315] This specification considers a method of allocating multiple RUs (Resource Units) to one STA for transmission, and proposes a method of aggregating RUs in various bandwidths, focusing in particular on a method of aggregating small-sized RUs.

[0316] The existing 802.11ax introduced OFDMA transmission and considered a method of allocating only one RU to one STA for transmission. In this case, some RUs may not be available for transmission, resulting in spectrum loss, and the use of fixed RUs has drawbacks in terms of efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve efficiency and efficiently use spectrum, 11be considers a method of allocating multiple RUs to one STA for transmission. In this regard, this specification proposes several principles and various combinations for RU aggregation.

[0317] The various sizes of RUs proposed for 802.11ax are as follows:

[0318] 26 / 52 / 106 / 242 / 484 / 996 / 2x996RU

[0319] In this specification, tones with a capacity of less than 242 RUs are considered small-RUs, and RUs with a capacity of more than 242 RUs are considered large-RUs. In addition, since combining small-RUs and large-RUs does not provide significant gains in efficiency, only small-RU combinations and large-RU combinations can be considered when aggregating RUs. This specification proposes combining small-RUs.

[0320] 4.1. Principles

[0321] A. To prevent increased scheduling and hardware complexity due to various combinations, only two RUs are considered for aggregation. However, there are exceptions to this, which are further proposed in 4.2. Combinations.

[0322] B. When RU aggregation is performed, only combinations with adjacent RUs are considered because combinations with non-adjacent RUs have relatively little gain in terms of not only increased complexity but also frequency diversity. Sufficient diversity gain can already be obtained by using an interleaver, tone mapper, or MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) technology.

[0323] C. Combining RUs of the same size is not considered because they can be extended to the next size RU. However, there are exceptions to this, which are further proposed in 4.2. Combining.

[0324] D.RU combining only combines RUs within 20 MHz, because it not only increases complexity but also provides gains in receiver decoding considering the existing 11ax SIG-B design. However, exceptions to this can be considered, which are further proposed in 4.2. Combining.

[0325] Combination

[0326] FIG. 22 shows an example of an 80 MHz tone plan with 20 MHz puncturing performed.

[0327] Various RU aggregation combinations will be described with reference to Figure 22. The description of Figure 22 is based on the 80 MHz base, but since the 80 MHz tone plan in Figure 22 is repeated for 160 / 80+80 / 240 / 160+80 / 320 / 160+160 MHz, this can be extended and applied to each 80 MHz unit as is.

[0328] In Figure 22, the lowest frequency 20 MHz is the primary 20 MHz (P20), the next lowest frequency 20 MHz is the secondary 20 MHz (S20), and the highest frequency 40 MHz is the secondary 40 MHz (S40). Figure 22 shows a situation where S20 is punctured. In this case, RUs labeled 242-1, 106-2, 52-4, 26-9, and 26-19 may not be used to reduce interference. Here, 242-1 refers to the RU labeled number 1 among the 242-tone RUs. Based on the tone plan in Figure 22, the following RU combinations are proposed.

[0329] Considering the principle in 4.1 above, various RU combinations can be considered as follows: Considering the situation where S20 is not punctured, the following are RU combinations for P20.

[0330] (26-2, 52-2), (52-1, 26-3), (52-2, 26-5), (106-1, 26-5), (26-5, 52-3), (26-5, 106-2), (26-7, 52-4), (52-3, 26-8)

[0331] Below are the RU combinations for S20.

[0332] (26-11, 52-6), (52-5, 26-12), (52-6, 26-14), (106-3, 26-14), (26-14, 52-7), (26-14, 106-4), (26-16, 52-8), (52-7, 26-17)

[0333] Below are the RU combinations for the lower 20MHz of S40.

[0334] (26-21, 52-10), (52-9, 26-22), (52-10, 26-24), (106-5, 26-24), (26-24, 52-11), (26-24, 106-6), (26-26, 52-12), (52-11, 26-27)

[0335] Below are the RU combinations for the higher 20MHz of S40.

[0336] (26-30, 52-14), (52-13, 26-31), (52-14, 26-33), (106-7, 26-33), (26-33, 52-15), (26-33, 106-8), (26-35, 52-16), (52-15, 26-36)

[0337] The exception to the above 4.1. Principle A is as follows: When S20 is preamble punctured as shown in Figure 22, P20 can only use some of the RUs. In this case, if only one RU is assigned to P20, the following RU combinations can be further considered:

[0338] (106-1, 26-5, 52-3, 26-8)

[0339] Assuming that P20 is located at the position of S20 in the above diagram and S20 is located at the position of P20 in the above diagram, if S20 is preamble puncturing in this situation, P20 can further consider the following RU combinations:

[0340] (26-11, 52-6, 26-14, 106-4)

[0341] If the highest frequency 20 MHz is preamble punctured, the following RU combinations can be further considered for the second highest frequency 20 MHz:

[0342] (106-5, 26-24, 52-11, 26-27)

[0343] If the second highest frequency 20 MHz is preamble punctured, the following RU combinations can be further considered for the highest frequency 20 MHz:

[0344] (26-30, 52-14, 26-33, 106-8)

[0345] The exception to the above 4.1. Principle C is as follows: Considering combinations between 26-tone RUs of the same size, only if the combination of the two is not expanded to a 52-tone RU, the corresponding RU combinations are as follows:

[0346] (26-2, 26-3), (26-4, 26-5), (26-5, 26-6), (26-7, 26-8)

[0347] (26-11, 26-12), (26-13, 26-14), (26-14, 26-15), (26-16, 26-17)

[0348] (26-21, 26-22), (26-23, 26-24), (26-24, 26-25), (26-26, 26-27)

[0349] (26-30, 26-31), (26-32, 26-33), (26-33, 26-34), (26-35, 26-36)

[0350] The exception to the above 4.1. Principle D is as follows: RU combinations on the boundary between P20 and S20 can be considered, and the corresponding RU combinations are as follows:

[0351] (26-9, 26-10), (26-9, 52-5), (26-9, 106-3), (52-4, 26-10), (52-4, 52-5), (52-4, 106-3), (106-2, 26-10), (106-2, 52-5), (106-2, 106-3)

[0352] RU combinations on the boundary between the second highest frequency of 20 MHz and the highest frequency of 20 MHz can be considered, and the corresponding RU combinations are as follows:

[0353] (26-28, 26-29), (26-28, 52-13), (26-28, 106-7), (52-12, 26-29), (52-12, 52-13), (52-12, 106-7), (106-6, 26-29), (106-6, 52-13), (106-6, 106-7)

[0354] Considering the combinations between RUs on the boundary between S20 and the second highest frequency of 20 MHz, the corresponding RU combinations are as follows:

[0355] (26-18, 26-19), (52-8, 26-19), (106-4, 26-19), (26-19, 26-20), (26-19, 52-9), (26-19, 106-5)

[0356] 4.3.Signaling Method

[0357] FIG. 23 shows an example of an EHT PPDU format.

[0358] FIG. 24 shows an example of a U-SIG format.

[0359] The indicator regarding the above-mentioned RU aggregation is transmitted in the EHT-SIG of the EHT PPDU in FIG. 23 or the U-SIG in FIG.

[0360] The version independent field in Figure 24 includes a 3-bit version identifier indicating 802.11be and Wi-Fi versions after 802.11be, a 1-bit DL / UL field, a BSS color, a TXOP duration, etc., and the version dependent field in Figure 24 includes information such as PPDU type and Bandwidth.

[0361] U-SIG is a two-symbol jointly encoded signal consisting of 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones at 20 MHz each, and is modulated in the same way as HE-SIG-A, i.e., at the BPSK1 / 2 code rate.

[0362] The EHT-SIG is divided into a common field and a user-specific field and is encoded in a variable MCS. The common field can indicate the information of the RU to be used, and the user-specific field can indicate the information of multiple RUs assigned to a specific user or STA.

[0363] FIG. 25 is a procedure flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0364] The example of Fig. 25 is executed in a transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA). For example, the example of Fig. 25 is executed by an AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU. The example of Fig. 25 is executed by a non-AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU.

[0365] Some of the steps (or the detailed sub-steps described later) in the example of FIG. 25 may be omitted or modified.

[0366] In step S2510, the transmitting device (i.e., the transmitting STA) configures the BW (BandWidth) and RU allocation, and can allocate multiple RUs to a specific user or STA according to the Multiple RU aggregation combination in paragraph 4.2 of the above specification. The transmitting device can also perform a Channel Access operation.

[0367] In step S2520, the transmitting STA may configure a PPDU. For example, the PPDU may be an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, or an EHT MU PPDU. As shown in FIG. 18, the PPDU may include an EHT-SIG.

[0368] The transmitting STA can perform step S2520 based on the BW, RU allocation, and Multiple RU aggregation determined through step S2510.

[0369] That is, as described above, the common field of the EHT-SIG includes specific (RU allocation) n-bit (e.g., 8 bits) information, and the user specific field can include information regarding Multiple RU aggregation.

[0370] In step S2530, the transmitting device can transmit the PPDU constructed in step S2520 to the receiving device based on step S2530.

[0371] While performing step S2530, the transmitting device performs at least one of the following operations: CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, GI insertion, etc.

[0372] The signal / field / sequence constructed according to this specification is transmitted in the form shown in FIG.

[0373] For example, the above-mentioned EHT-SIG is transmitted based on multiple OFDM symbols. For example, one OFDM symbol can contain 26-bit information. The 26-bit information can include the above-mentioned 4-bit BW information. Any m-bit information can be used instead of the 26-bit information.

[0374] BCC coding with a coding rate of 1 / 2 is applied to the 26-bit information. Interleaving is applied to the BCC-coded bits (i.e., 52 bits) by an interleaver. Constellation mapping is performed on the interleaved 52 bits by a constellation mapper. Specifically, a BPSK module is applied to generate 52 BPSK symbols. The 52 BSPK symbols are matched to the remaining frequency range (-28 to +28) excluding the DC tone and pilot tones (-21, -7, +7, +21). The signal is then transmitted to the receiving STA after undergoing phase rotation, CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, etc.

[0375] The above-mentioned PPDUs are transmitted based on the device of FIG.

[0376] The example in FIG. 1 relates to an example of a transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0377] As shown in FIG. 1, the transmitting device may include a memory (112), a processor (111), and a transceiver (113).

[0378] The memory (112) can store information regarding a number of BW / Tone-Plan / RUs as described herein.

[0379] The processor 111 can generate various RUs and configure a PPDU based on the information stored in the memory 112. An example of a PPDU generated by the processor 111 is the same as that shown in FIG.

[0380] The processor (111) can execute all or part of the operations shown in FIG.

[0381] The illustrated transceiver (113) includes an antenna and is capable of performing analog signal processing. Specifically, the processor (111) controls the transceiver (113) and is capable of transmitting PPDUs generated by the processor (111).

[0382] Alternatively, the processor (111) generates a transmission PPDU and stores information about the transmission PPDU in the memory (112).

[0383] FIG. 26 is a procedure flow diagram showing the operation of the receiving device according to this embodiment.

[0384] The example of FIG. 26 is executed in a receiving device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0385] The example of Fig. 26 is executed in a receiving STA or receiving device (AP and / or non-AP STA). For example, the example of Fig. 26 is executed by a non-AP that receives an EHT SU PPDU, an EHT ER SU PPDU, and an EHT MU PPDU. The example of Fig. 26 is executed by an AP that transmits an EHT SU PPDU and an EHT ER SU PPDU.

[0386] Some of the steps (or detailed sub-steps described later) in the example of FIG. 26 are omitted.

[0387] In step S2610, the receiving device (receiving STA) can receive all or part of the PPDU through step S2610. The received signal has the form shown in FIG.

[0388] The sub-steps of step S2610 are determined based on step S2530 in Fig. 25. That is, step S2610 may perform an operation to restore the results of the CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion operation applied in step S2530.

[0389] In step S2620, the receiving STA can obtain information about the BW, RU allocation, and Multiple RU aggregation of the EHT PPDU by decoding the information included in the U-SIG or EHT-SIG.

[0390] This allows the receiving STA to complete decoding of other fields / symbols of the received PPDU.

[0391] As a result, the receiving STA can decode the data field included in the PPDU through step S2620. Thereafter, the receiving STA can perform a processing operation of transmitting the data decoded from the data field to an upper layer (e.g., MAC layer). Also, if the upper layer instructs the PHY layer to generate a signal corresponding to the data transmitted to the upper layer, the receiving STA can perform a subsequent operation.

[0392] The above-mentioned PPDUs are received according to the apparatus of FIG.

[0393] As shown in FIG. 1, the receiving device may include a memory (1220), a processor (121), and a transceiver (123).

[0394] The transceiver 123 can receive the PPDU under the control of the processor 121. For example, the transceiver 123 can include multiple subunits (not shown). For example, the transceiver 123 can include at least one receive antenna and a filter for the receive antenna.

[0395] A PPDU received via the transceiver 123 is stored in the memory 122. The processor 121 can process decoding of the received PPDU via the memory 122. The processor 121 can obtain control information (e.g., EHT-SIG) related to BW / Tone-Plan / RU included in the PPDU and store the obtained control information in the memory 122.

[0396] The processor 121 can perform decoding on the received PPDU. Specifically, it can perform operations to recover the results of CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion applied to the PPDU. The operations to recover the results of CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion are performed via multiple processing units (not shown) individually implemented within the processor 121.

[0397] The processor (121) can also decode the data field of the PPDU received via the transceiver (123).

[0398] The processor 121 may also process the decoded data. For example, the processor 121 may perform a processing operation to transmit information about the decoded data field to an upper layer (e.g., a MAC layer). The processor 121 may also perform a subsequent operation when the upper layer instructs the PHY layer to generate a signal corresponding to the data transmitted to the upper layer.

[0399] The above-mentioned embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0400] FIG. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which a transmitting STA according to this embodiment transmits a PPDU.

[0401] The example of Figure 27 is executed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT wireless LAN system). The next-generation wireless LAN system is an improved version of the 802.11ax system and can be backward compatible with the 802.11ax system.

[0402] The example of Figure 27 is executed in a transmitting STA, and the transmitting STA may correspond to an AP (Access Point). The receiving STA of Figure 27 may correspond to an STA supporting an EHT (Extremely High Throughput) wireless LAN system.

[0403] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a PPDU based on a multi-RU configured by combining small-RUs. Here, a small-RU refers to a resource unit having less than 242 tones. In particular, this embodiment proposes a multi-RU in which 26RUs and 52RUs are aggregated in each 20 MHz subchannel of the band in which the PPDU is transmitted.

[0404] In step S2710, the transmitting STA (STAtion) generates a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit).

[0405] In step S2720, the transmitting STA transmits the PPDU to the receiving STA via a broadband.

[0406] The PPDU includes a control field and a data field.

[0407] When the first band is an 80 MHz band including first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels, the first 20 MHz subchannel includes a first multiple RU that is an aggregate of a first 26 RU (Resource Unit) and a first 52 RU. The first 26 RU is an RU located in the middle of the first 20 MHz subchannel. The first 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the first 26 RU and is adjacent to the first 26 RU.

[0408] In this embodiment, the first band may be divided into four 20 MHz subchannels. For example, the first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels are arranged in order from lowest frequency to highest frequency. For example, the first 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the lowest frequency (or the primary 20 MHz channel), the second 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the second lowest frequency (or the secondary 20 MHz channel), the third 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the third lowest frequency (or the lower 20 MHz channel of the secondary 40 MHz channel), and the fourth 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the highest frequency (or the higher 20 MHz channel of the secondary 40 MHz channel). In addition, puncturing may be performed in 20 MHz units in the first band.

[0409] The second 20 MHz subchannel may include a second multi-RU aggregated with a second 26 RU and a second 52 RU. The second 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the second 20 MHz subchannel. The second 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the second 26 RU and is adjacent to the second 26 RU.

[0410] The third 20 MHz subchannel may include a third multi-RU that is an aggregate of a third 26 RU and a third 52 RU. The third 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the third 20 MHz subchannel. The third 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the third 26 RU and is adjacent to the third 26 RU.

[0411] The fourth 20 MHz subchannel may include a fourth multi-RU that is an aggregate of a fourth 26 RU and a fourth 52 RU. The fourth 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the fourth 20 MHz subchannel. The fourth 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the fourth 26 RU and is adjacent to the fourth 26 RU.

[0412] The control field may include allocation information for the first through fourth multi-RUs. The receiving STA can decode the control field to determine which of the first through fourth multi-RUs is assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field through the assigned multiple RUs. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned all of the first through fourth multi-RUs based on the control field, the data field is received through the first through fourth multi-RUs.

[0413] In this case, the first to fourth 26RUs are RUs consisting of 26 tones, and the first to fourth 52RUs are RUs consisting of 52 tones.

[0414] This embodiment proposes an inter-RU aggregation method allocated within each 20 MHz subchannel of the 80 MHz band. However, this is not limited to transmission in the 80 MHz band, and can also be applied to transmission in the 20 MHz band, 40 MHz band, 160 / 80+80 MHz band, and 320 / 160+160 MHz band. The tone plans for the 20 MHz band and 40 MHz band defined in the EHT WLAN system are the same as the tone plans defined in 802.11ax. Since the tone plans for the 160 / 80+80 MHz band and the 320 / 160+160 MHz band repeat the tone plan for the 80 MHz band, the multi-RU allocation within the 160 / 80+80 MHz band and the 320 / 160+160 MHz band is extended and applied for each 80 MHz channel. A specific example is as follows.

[0415] When the first band is a 160 / 80+80 MHz band including first and second 80 MHz subchannels, each of the first and second 80 MHz subchannels can include fifth to eighth 20 MHz subchannels. The fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth 20 MHz subchannel can include a fifth multi-RU in which a fifth 26 RU and a fifth 52 RU are aggregated. That is, this embodiment is also performed for the 160 / 80+80 MHz band in units of 80 MHz subchannels. Specifically, a multi-RU in which a 52 RU and a 26 RU are aggregated is assigned to each 20 MHz subchannel in each 80 MHz subchannel.

[0416] Similarly, the fifth 26RU is an RU located in the middle of the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth 20 MHz subchannel, and the fifth 52RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the fifth 26RU and is adjacent to the fifth 26RU. In this case, the fifth 26RU is an RU consisting of 26 tones, and the fifth 52RU is an RU consisting of 52 tones.

[0417] The control field may further include allocation information for the fifth multi-RU. The receiving STA can decode the control field to confirm the RU (the fifth multi-RU) assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field via the assigned multiple RU. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned the fifth multi-RU based on the control field, the data field is received via the fifth multi-RU.

[0418] When the first band is a 320 / 160+160 MHz band including first through fourth 80 MHz subchannels, each of the first through fourth 80 MHz subchannels can include ninth through twelfth 20 MHz subchannels. The ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth 20 MHz subchannel can include a sixth multi-RU in which a sixth 26RU and a sixth 52RU are aggregated. That is, this embodiment is also performed for the 320 / 160+160 MHz band in units of each 80 MHz subchannel. Specifically, a multi-RU in which a 52RU and a 26RU are aggregated is assigned to each 20 MHz subchannel in each 80 MHz subchannel.

[0419] Similarly, the sixth 26RU is an RU located in the middle of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth 20 MHz subchannel, and the sixth 52RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the sixth 26RU and is adjacent to the sixth 26RU. In this case, the sixth 26RU is an RU consisting of 26 tones, and the sixth 52RU is an RU consisting of 52 tones.

[0420] The control field may further include allocation information for the sixth multi-RU. The receiving STA can decode the control field to confirm the RU (the sixth multi-RU) assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field via the assigned multiple RU. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned the sixth multi-RU based on the control field, the data field is received via the sixth multi-RU.

[0421] The control field includes a first control field supporting a legacy WLAN system and a second control field supporting an 802.11be WLAN system. The second control field may include a Universal-SIG (U-SIG) or an Extremely High Throughput-SIG (EHT-SIG). The second control field may include allocation information regarding the RU to which the data field is transmitted. This embodiment describes a case where the RU to which the data field is transmitted is a multi-RU in which multiple RUs are aggregated together. The RU refers to a resource unit to which the data field is transmitted.

[0422] Furthermore, if the first band is an 80 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as 996 RU. If the first band is a 160 / 80+80 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as a tone plan with 996 RU repeated twice. If the first band is a 320 / 160+160 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as a tone plan with 996 RU repeated four times.

[0423] The EHT-SIG may include EHT-SIG-A and EHT-SIG-B (or EHT-SIG-C fields). The EHT-SIG-B may include resource unit (RU) information. A transmitting STA may transmit information related to the tone plan of the first band via the EHT-SIG-B. In addition, the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the second control field are transmitted and received in multiple RUs included in the tone plan of the first band.

[0424] FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a procedure in which a receiving STA according to this embodiment receives a PPDU.

[0425] The example of Figure 28 is executed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (IEEE 802.11be or EHT wireless LAN system). The next-generation wireless LAN system is an improved version of the 802.11ax system and can be backward compatible with the 802.11ax system.

[0426] The example of Fig. 28 is executed in a receiving STA and may correspond to a STA supporting an EHT (Extremely High Throughput) wireless LAN system. The transmitting STA of Fig. 28 may correspond to an AP (Access Point).

[0427] This embodiment proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a PPDU based on a multi-RU configured by combining small-RUs. Here, a small-RU refers to a resource unit having less than 242 tones. In particular, this embodiment proposes a multi-RU in which 26RUs and 52RUs are aggregated in each 20 MHz subchannel of the band in which the PPDU is transmitted.

[0428] In step S2810, the receiving STA (STAtion) receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from the transmitting STA via a broadband.

[0429] In step S2820, the receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0430] The PPDU includes a control field and a data field.

[0431] When the first band is an 80 MHz band including first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels, the first 20 MHz subchannel includes a first multiple RU that is an aggregate of a first 26 RU (Resource Unit) and a first 52 RU. The first 26 RU is an RU located in the middle of the first 20 MHz subchannel. The first 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the first 26 RU and is adjacent to the first 26 RU.

[0432] In this embodiment, the first band may be divided into four 20 MHz subchannels. For example, the first to fourth 20 MHz subchannels are arranged in order from lowest frequency to highest frequency. For example, the first 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the lowest frequency (or the primary 20 MHz channel), the second 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the second lowest frequency (or the secondary 20 MHz channel), the third 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the third lowest frequency (or the lower 20 MHz channel of the secondary 40 MHz channel), and the fourth 20 MHz subchannel is the 20 MHz subchannel with the highest frequency (or the higher 20 MHz channel of the secondary 40 MHz channel). In addition, puncturing may be performed in 20 MHz units in the first band.

[0433] The second 20 MHz subchannel may include a second multi-RU aggregated with a second 26 RU and a second 52 RU. The second 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the second 20 MHz subchannel. The second 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the second 26 RU and is adjacent to the second 26 RU.

[0434] The third 20 MHz subchannel may include a third multi-RU that is an aggregate of a third 26 RU and a third 52 RU. The third 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the third 20 MHz subchannel. The third 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the third 26 RU and is adjacent to the third 26 RU.

[0435] The fourth 20 MHz subchannel may include a fourth multi-RU that is an aggregate of a fourth 26 RU and a fourth 52 RU. The fourth 26 RU is the RU located in the middle of the fourth 20 MHz subchannel. The fourth 52 RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the fourth 26 RU and is adjacent to the fourth 26 RU.

[0436] The control field may include allocation information for the first through fourth multi-RUs. The receiving STA can decode the control field to determine which of the first through fourth multi-RUs is assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field through the assigned multiple RUs. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned all of the first through fourth multi-RUs based on the control field, the data field is received through the first through fourth multi-RUs.

[0437] In this case, the first to fourth 26RUs are RUs consisting of 26 tones, and the first to fourth 52RUs are RUs consisting of 52 tones.

[0438] This embodiment proposes an aggregation method between RUs allocated within each 20 MHz subchannel in the 80 MHz band. However, this is not limited to transmission in the 80 MHz band, but can also be applied to transmission in the 20 MHz band, 40 MHz band, 160 / 80+80 MHz band, and 320 / 160+160 MHz band. The tone plans for the 20 MHz band and 40 MHz band defined in the EHT WLAN system are the same as the tone plans defined in 802.11ax. Since the tone plans for the 160 / 80+80 MHz band and 320 / 160+160 MHz band repeat the tone plan for the 80 MHz band, multi-RU allocation within the 160 / 80+80 MHz band and 320 / 160+160 MHz band is also extended and applied for each 80 MHz channel. A specific embodiment is as follows.

[0439] When the first band is a 160 / 80+80 MHz band including first and second 80 MHz subchannels, each of the first and second 80 MHz subchannels can include fifth to eighth 20 MHz subchannels. The fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth 20 MHz subchannel can include a fifth multi-RU in which a fifth 26 RU and a fifth 52 RU are aggregated. That is, this embodiment is also performed for the 160 / 80+80 MHz band in units of 80 MHz subchannels. Specifically, a multi-RU in which a 52 RU and a 26 RU are aggregated is assigned to each 20 MHz subchannel in each 80 MHz subchannel.

[0440] Similarly, the fifth 26RU is an RU located in the middle of the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth 20 MHz subchannel, and the fifth 52RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the fifth 26RU and is adjacent to the fifth 26RU. In this case, the fifth 26RU is an RU consisting of 26 tones, and the fifth 52RU is an RU consisting of 52 tones.

[0441] The control field may further include allocation information for the fifth multi-RU. The receiving STA can decode the control field to confirm the RU (the fifth multi-RU) assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field via the assigned multiple RU. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned the fifth multi-RU based on the control field, the data field is received via the fifth multi-RU.

[0442] When the first band is a 320 / 160+160 MHz band including first through fourth 80 MHz subchannels, each of the first through fourth 80 MHz subchannels can include ninth through twelfth 20 MHz subchannels. The ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth 20 MHz subchannel can include a sixth multi-RU in which a sixth 26RU and a sixth 52RU are aggregated. That is, this embodiment is also performed for the 320 / 160+160 MHz band in units of each 80 MHz subchannel. Specifically, a multi-RU in which a 52RU and a 26RU are aggregated is assigned to each 20 MHz subchannel in each 80 MHz subchannel.

[0443] Similarly, the sixth 26RU is an RU located in the middle of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth 20 MHz subchannel, and the sixth 52RU is an RU that has a lower frequency than the sixth 26RU and is adjacent to the sixth 26RU. In this case, the sixth 26RU is an RU consisting of 26 tones, and the sixth 52RU is an RU consisting of 52 tones.

[0444] The control field may further include allocation information for the sixth multi-RU. The receiving STA can decode the control field to confirm the RU (the sixth multi-RU) assigned to it. That is, if the receiving STA is assigned multiple RUs based on the control field, the receiving STA can receive a data field via the assigned multiple RU. For example, if the receiving STA is assigned the sixth multi-RU based on the control field, the data field is received via the sixth multi-RU.

[0445] The control field includes a first control field supporting a legacy WLAN system and a second control field supporting an 802.11be WLAN system. The second control field may include a Universal-SIG (U-SIG) or an Extremely High Throughput-SIG (EHT-SIG). The second control field may include allocation information regarding the RU to which the data field is transmitted. This embodiment describes a case where the RU to which the data field is transmitted is a multi-RU in which multiple RUs are aggregated together. The RU refers to a resource unit to which the data field is transmitted.

[0446] Furthermore, if the first band is an 80 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as 996 RU. If the first band is a 160 / 80+80 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as a tone plan with 996 RU repeated twice. If the first band is a 320 / 160+160 MHz band, the tone plan for the first band is defined as a tone plan with 996 RU repeated four times.

[0447] The EHT-SIG may include EHT-SIG-A and EHT-SIG-B (or EHT-SIG-C fields). The EHT-SIG-B may include resource unit (RU) information. A transmitting STA may transmit information related to the tone plan of the first band via the EHT-SIG-B. In addition, the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and data fields included in the second control field are transmitted and received in multiple RUs included in the tone plan of the first band.

[0448] 5.Device configuration

[0449] The technical features of the present specification described above are applicable to various devices and methods. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above are performed / supported by the device of FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 19. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above are applied to only a part of FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 19. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above are implemented based on the processor chips (114, 124) of FIG. 1, the processors (111, 121) and memories (112, 122) of FIG. 1, or the processor (610) and memory (620) of FIG. 19. For example, the device of the present specification receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA via a first band and decodes the PPDU.

[0450] The technical features of this specification are implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM proposed by this specification is at least one computer-readable medium containing instructions to be executed by at least one processor.

[0451] The CRM may store instructions for performing operations including receiving a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA via a first band and decoding the PPDU. The instructions stored in the CRM herein are executed by at least one processor. The at least one processor associated with the CRM herein may be the processor (111, 121) or processor chip (114, 124) of FIG. 1, or the processor (610) of FIG. 19. Meanwhile, the CRM herein may be the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1, the memory (620) of FIG. 19, or another external memory / storage medium / disk, etc.

[0452] The technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various applications and business models, for example, the technical features described above can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0453] Artificial intelligence refers to the field that studies artificial intelligence or the methodologies for creating it, while machine learning refers to the field that defines various problems to be addressed in the field of artificial intelligence and studies the methodologies for solving them. Machine learning can also be defined as an algorithm that improves its performance for a certain task through continuous experience with that task.

[0454] An artificial neural network (ANN) is a general term used in machine learning to refer to a model with problem-solving capabilities that is composed of artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network through synaptic connections. An artificial neural network is defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different (other) layers, the learning process that updates the model parameters, and the activation function that generates the output values.

[0455] An artificial neural network can include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and an artificial neural network can include synapses connecting the neurons. Each neuron in an artificial neural network can output a function value of an activation function in response to input signals, weights, and deviations received via synapses.

[0456] Model parameters are parameters determined through learning, such as synaptic connection weights and neuron deviations, while hyperparameters are parameters that must be set before learning in machine learning algorithms, such as the learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, and initialization function.

[0457] The goal of training an artificial neural network is to determine the model parameters that minimize the loss function. The loss function is used as an index to determine the optimal model parameters in the training process of an artificial neural network.

[0458] Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning depending on the learning method.

[0459] Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network when labels for training data are given, and refers to the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network needs to infer when training data called labels are input to the artificial neural network. Unsupervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network when labels for training data are not given. Reinforcement learning refers to a learning method in which an agent defined in an environment is trained to select an action or sequence of actions that maximizes cumulative reward in each state.

[0460] Among artificial neural networks, machine learning implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) containing multiple hidden layers is also called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. In the following, machine learning is used to mean both deep learning and machine learning.

[0461] The above-described technical features are also applied to wireless communication of robots.

[0462] A robot is a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task using its own capabilities. In particular, a robot that has the ability to recognize its environment, make its own decisions, and execute its actions is called an intelligent robot.

[0463] Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, domestic, military, etc. depending on their intended use and field. Robots have drive units including actuators or motors and can perform various physical actions such as moving robot joints. Mobile robots have drive units including wheels, brakes, propellers, etc. and can move on the ground or fly in the air via their drive units.

[0464] The technical features described above also apply to devices that support augmented reality.

[0465] Augmented reality is a general term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology provides real-world objects and backgrounds only as CG images, AR technology provides virtual CG images on top of images of real objects, and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that mixes and combines virtual objects into the real world.

[0466] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it displays real (virtual) objects together with virtual objects. However, the difference is that in AR technology, virtual objects are used to complement real (virtual) objects, while in MR technology, virtual objects and real (virtual) objects are used equally.

[0467] XR technology is applied to HMDs (Head-Mount Displays), HUDs (Head-Up Displays), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices to which XR technology is applied can be called XR devices.

[0468] The claims described herein may be combined in various ways, for example, technical features of the method claims herein may be combined and implemented in an apparatus, technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in a method, technical features of the method claims herein may be combined with technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in an apparatus, and technical features of the method claims herein may be combined with technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in a method.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless local area network (LAN) system, comprising: A receiving station (STA) receives a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting station; the receiving STA decoding the PPDU; The PPDU includes a data field; Based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 80 MHz and including at least one 52+26-tone MRU (multiple resource unit), the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU (Resource Unit) and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel; The 52-tone RU is an RU located at a lower frequency than the adjacent 26-tone RU, The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs located in the middle of the same 20 MHz channel, The data subcarriers of the 52+26-tone MRU are composed of data subcarriers of the 52-tone RU and the adjacent 26-tone RU constituting the 52+26-tone MRU, A method wherein a centrally located 26-tone RU within the bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz with a punctured secondary 20 MHz channel is not defined for the data subcarriers.

2. The data field is received via the 52+26 tone MRU; The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs consisting of 26 tones, The method of claim 1 , wherein the 52-tone RU is a RU consisting of 52 tones.

3. The PPDU further includes a control field; The method of claim 2 , wherein the control field includes allocation information for the 52+26 tone MRU.

4. 2. The method of claim 1, based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 160 / 80+80 MHz and including the at least one 52+26-tone MRU, wherein the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel within each 80 MHz frequency block.

5. 2. The method of claim 1, based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 320 / 160+160 MHz and including the at least one 52+26-tone MRU, wherein the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel within each 80 MHz frequency block.

6. A receiving station (STA) in a wireless local area network (LAN), Memory and A transceiver; a processor operatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver; The processor: Receive a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from the transmitting STA; configured to decode the PPDU; The PPDU includes a data field; Based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 80 MHz and including at least one 52+26-tone MRU (multiple resource unit), the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU (Resource Unit) and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel; The 52-tone RU is an RU located at a lower frequency than the adjacent 26-tone RU, The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs located in the middle of the same 20 MHz channel, The data subcarriers of the 52+26-tone MRU are composed of data subcarriers of the 52-tone RU and the adjacent 26-tone RU constituting the 52+26-tone MRU, A receiving STA, wherein a 26-tone RU located in the center of the bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz with a punctured secondary 20 MHz channel not defined for the data subcarriers.

7. A method in a wireless local area network (LAN), comprising: A transmitting station (STA) generates a physical protocol data unit (PPDU); the transmitting STA transmitting the PPDU to a receiving STA; The PPDU includes a data field; Based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 80 MHz and including at least one 52+26-tone MRU (multiple resource unit), the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU (Resource Unit) and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel; The 52-tone RU is an RU located at a lower frequency than the adjacent 26-tone RU, The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs located in the middle of the same 20 MHz channel, The data subcarriers of the 52+26-tone MRU are composed of data subcarriers of the 52-tone RU and the adjacent 26-tone RU constituting the 52+26-tone MRU, A method wherein a centrally located 26-tone RU within the bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz with a punctured secondary 20 MHz channel is not defined for the data subcarriers.

8. the data field is transmitted via the 52+26 tone MRU; The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs consisting of 26 tones, The method of claim 7 , wherein the 52-tone RU is a RU consisting of 52 tones.

9. The PPDU further includes a control field; The method of claim 8 , wherein the control field includes allocation information for the 52+26 tone MRU.

10. 8. The method of claim 7, based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 160 / 80+80 MHz and including the at least one 52+26-tone MRU, wherein the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel within each 80 MHz frequency block.

11. 8. The method of claim 7, based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 320 / 160+160 MHz and including the at least one 52+26-tone MRU, wherein the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel within each 80 MHz frequency block.

12. A transmitting station (STA) in a wireless local area network (LAN), Memory and A transceiver; a processor operatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver; The processor: Generate a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit), configured to transmit the PPDU to a receiving STA; The PPDU includes a data field; Based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 80 MHz and including at least one 52+26-tone MRU (multiple resource unit), the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU (Resource Unit) and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel; The 52-tone RU is an RU located at a lower frequency than the adjacent 26-tone RU, The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs located in the middle of the same 20 MHz channel, The data subcarriers of the 52+26-tone MRU are composed of data subcarriers of the 52-tone RU and the adjacent 26-tone RU constituting the 52+26-tone MRU, A transmitting STA, wherein a 26-tone RU located in the center of the bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz with a punctured secondary 20 MHz channel not defined for the data subcarriers.

13. A device in a wireless LAN (Local Area Network), Memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory; The processor: Receive a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting station (STA); configured to decode the PPDU; The PPDU includes a data field; Based on the bandwidth of the PPDU being 80 MHz and including at least one 52+26-tone MRU (multiple resource unit), the 52+26-tone MRU is obtained by combining a 52-tone RU (Resource Unit) and an adjacent 26-tone RU in the same 20 MHz channel; The 52-tone RU is an RU located at a lower frequency than the adjacent 26-tone RU, The adjacent 26-tone RUs are RUs located in the middle of the same 20 MHz channel, The data subcarriers of the 52+26-tone MRU are composed of data subcarriers of the 52-tone RU and the adjacent 26-tone RU constituting the 52+26-tone MRU, An apparatus, wherein a 26-tone RU located in the center of the bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz with a punctured secondary 20 MHz channel not defined for the data subcarriers.

Images