building

Abstract

To provide a building in which metal cross members can be suitably connected to wooden columns. [Solution] A building (10) includes a wooden column (20), a steel girder (30) as a metal cross member, and a first connecting hardware (14) that connects a first side surface (20a) of the wooden column (20) to the steel girder (30). The wooden column (20) is rectangular in plan view. The first side surface (20a) extends in the short direction of the wooden column (20) in plan view.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] In the field of architecture, hybrid skeleton structures are known that are constructed by combining wooden skeleton shaft members and metal skeleton shaft members. In Patent Document 1, the ends of steel beams are joined to the sides of wooden columns via joining members. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-218851 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] There is a need to connect metal cross members to the sides of wooden columns in an efficient manner. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] (1) A building that solves the above problem comprises a wooden pillar, a metal cross member, and a first connecting hardware that connects a first side of the wooden pillar to the metal cross member, wherein the wooden pillar is rectangular in plan view, and the first side extends in the short direction of the wooden pillar in plan view.

[0006] When a cross member is connected to the side of a column via a connecting metal, a bending moment is applied to the column from the cross member via the connecting metal. When the cross member is made of metal and the column is made of wood, the bending moment applied to the column is larger than when the cross member and the column are made of wood, making the column more likely to bend. According to the above configuration, the wooden column is rectangular in plan view. Furthermore, the metal cross member is connected to the first side extending in the short direction of the wooden column via the first connecting metal, and extends in the long direction of the wooden column in plan view. This prevents the wooden column from bending. Therefore, the metal cross member can be suitably connected to the wooden column.

[0007] (2) In the building of (1) above, a first wooden cross member and a second connecting hardware that connects the first wooden cross member to a second side of the wooden column that is opposite the first side and extends in the short direction in a plan view.

[0008] With this configuration, the first wooden cross member is connected to the second side of the wooden column via the second connecting hardware, so a bending moment is applied from the first wooden cross member to the wooden column via the second connecting hardware. The direction of the bending moment applied from the first wooden cross member to the wooden column via the second connecting hardware is opposite to the direction of the bending moment applied from the metal cross member to the wooden column via the first connecting hardware, so deflection of the wooden column can be further suppressed.

[0009] (3) In the building of (2) above, the building comprises a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the second connecting hardware, and the plurality of first connecting members include upper connecting members that are positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and lower connecting members that are positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction.

[0010] With this configuration, the metal cross members can be connected to the wooden pillars in a balanced manner compared to when all of the first connecting members are provided only above or below the plurality of second connecting members.

[0011] (4) In the building of (2) or (3) above, there are provided a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden posts and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of second connecting members connecting the wooden posts and the second connecting hardware, wherein the plurality of first connecting members are arranged in two rows in the short direction, and the plurality of second connecting members are arranged in one row. With this configuration, the metal cross members can be connected to the wooden pillars in a balanced and strong manner, compared to when the first connecting members are arranged in a single row.

[0012] (5) In the building of (4) above, the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the wooden pillar in the longitudinal direction of the wooden pillar when viewed in a plane, and the first connecting member in one row is located on one side of the second connecting member in the short direction, and the first connecting member in the other row is located on the other side of the second connecting member in the short direction.

[0013] With this configuration, a compressive load that compresses the wooden column downward in the vertical direction is applied from the metal cross member via the first connecting hardware and the first connecting member to the wooden column. Furthermore, a compressive load that compresses the wooden column downward in the vertical direction is applied from the first wooden cross member via the second connecting hardware and the second connecting member to the wooden column. Because the first connecting member is positioned so as not to overlap with the second connecting member in a plan view, the position where the metal cross member applies the compressive load to the wooden column is different from the position where the first wooden cross member applies the compressive load to the wooden column. Therefore, by preventing the compressive load from being concentrated on the wooden column, buckling of the wooden column can be prevented.

[0014] (6) In any one of the buildings (1) to (5) above, the building comprises a second wooden cross member, a third connecting hardware connecting the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member, a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden post and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of third connecting members connecting the second wooden cross member and the third connecting hardware, wherein the first connecting members are inserted horizontally into the wooden post, and the third connecting members are inserted horizontally into the second wooden cross member, and the number of the third connecting members is greater than the number of the first connecting members.

[0015] With this configuration, a compressive load is applied to the wooden post from the metal cross member via the first connecting hardware and the first connecting member, compressing the wooden post downward in the vertical direction. Also, a compressive load is applied to the second wooden cross member from the metal cross member via the third connecting hardware and the third connecting member, compressing the second wooden cross member downward in the vertical direction.

[0016] Generally, the grain direction of a wooden column is the same as the direction in which the column extends, so the grain direction of the wooden column is the same as the vertical direction. In contrast, the grain direction of a wooden beam is generally the same as the direction in which the column extends, so the grain direction of the wooden beam is perpendicular to the vertical direction. Therefore, the compressive load resistance of the wooden column is higher than the compressive load resistance of the second wooden beam.

[0017] For the above reasons, for example, if the number of first connecting members and the number of third connecting members are the same, the rate of deterioration will be different between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected. Specifically, the compressive load applied to the wooden column from one first connecting member is approximately the same as the compressive load applied to the second wooden cross member from one third connecting member. Therefore, the amount of embedment of the third connecting member into the second wooden cross member will be greater than the amount of embedment of the first connecting member into the wooden column. Therefore, the second wooden cross member will deteriorate before the wooden column.

[0018] In contrast, with the above configuration, the number of third connecting members is greater than the number of first connecting members, thereby reducing the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected. Specifically, the compressive load applied from the third connecting members to the second wooden cross member is dispersed, reducing the difference between the compressive load applied from one third connecting member to the second wooden cross member and the compressive load applied from one first connecting member to the wooden column. This reduces the difference between the amount of embedment of the third connecting member into the second wooden cross member and the amount of embedment of the first connecting member into the wooden column. This reduces the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected.

[0019] (7) A building that solves the above problem comprises a wooden pillar, a metal cross member, a first connecting hardware that connects a first side of the wooden pillar to the metal cross member, a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden pillar to the first connecting hardware, a first wooden cross member, a second connecting hardware that connects a second side of the wooden pillar, which is the surface opposite to the first side, to the first wooden cross member, and a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden pillar to the second connecting hardware, wherein the plurality of first connecting members include upper connecting members that are positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and lower connecting members that are positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction.

[0020] With this configuration, the metal cross members can be connected to the wooden pillars in a balanced manner compared to when all of the first connecting members are provided only above or below the plurality of second connecting members.

[0021] Furthermore, because the metal cross member is connected to the first side of the wooden column via the first connecting hardware, a bending moment is applied to the wooden column from the metal cross member via the first connecting hardware. Because the first wooden cross member is connected to the second side of the wooden column via the second connecting hardware, a bending moment is applied to the wooden column from the first wooden cross member via the second connecting hardware. The direction of the bending moment applied to the wooden column from the first wooden cross member via the second connecting hardware is opposite to the direction of the bending moment applied to the wooden column from the metal cross member via the first connecting hardware, so deflection of the wooden column can be suppressed. Therefore, the metal cross member can be suitably connected to the wooden column.

[0022] (8) A building that solves the above problem comprises a wooden column, a metal cross member, a first connecting hardware connecting the wooden column and the metal cross member, a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden column and the first connecting hardware, a second wooden cross member, a third connecting hardware connecting the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member, and a plurality of third connecting members connecting the second wooden cross member and the third connecting hardware, wherein the first connecting members are inserted horizontally into the wooden column, and the third connecting members are inserted horizontally into the second wooden cross member, and the number of the third connecting members is greater than the number of the first connecting members.

[0023] With this configuration, a compressive load is applied to the wooden post from the metal cross member via the first connecting hardware and the first connecting member, compressing the wooden post downward in the vertical direction. Also, a compressive load is applied to the second wooden cross member from the metal cross member via the third connecting hardware and the third connecting member, compressing the second wooden cross member downward in the vertical direction.

[0024] Generally, the grain direction of a wooden column is the same as the direction in which the column extends, so the grain direction of the wooden column is the same as the vertical direction. In contrast, the grain direction of a wooden beam is generally the same as the direction in which the column extends, so the grain direction of the wooden beam is perpendicular to the vertical direction. Therefore, the compressive load resistance of the wooden column is higher than the compressive load resistance of the second wooden beam.

[0025] For the above reasons, for example, if the number of first connecting members and the number of third connecting members are the same, the rate of deterioration will be different between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected. Specifically, the compressive load applied to the wooden column from one first connecting member is approximately the same as the compressive load applied to the second wooden cross member from one third connecting member. Therefore, the amount of embedment of the third connecting member into the second wooden cross member will be greater than the amount of embedment of the first connecting member into the wooden column. Therefore, the second wooden cross member will deteriorate before the wooden column.

[0026] In contrast, with the above configuration, the number of third connecting members is greater than the number of first connecting members, thereby reducing the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected. Specifically, the compressive load applied from the third connecting members to the second wooden cross member is dispersed, reducing the difference between the compressive load applied from one third connecting member to the second wooden cross member and the compressive load applied from one first connecting member to the wooden column. This reduces the difference between the amount of embedment of the third connecting member into the second wooden cross member and the amount of embedment of the first connecting member into the wooden column. This reduces the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column to which the first connecting metal is connected and the portion of the second wooden cross member to which the third connecting metal is connected. This allows metal cross members to be effectively connected to wooden columns. [Effects of the Invention]

[0027] According to the building of the present disclosure, metal cross members can be suitably connected to wooden columns. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a building. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the skeleton structure of a building. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side view of the wooden pole seen from the first side. [Figure 4] This is a side view of the wooden pillar seen from the second side. [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are plan views showing a connection structure between a wooden column and a steel girder, a connection structure between a wooden column and a wooden girder, and a connection structure between a steel girder and a wooden beam. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are side views showing a connection structure between a wooden column and a steel girder, a connection structure between a wooden column and a wooden girder, and a connection structure between a steel girder and a wooden beam. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between a wooden column and a steel girder. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between a steel girder and a wooden beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] A building 10 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in Fig. 1, a building 10 of this embodiment includes a building main body 10a and an overhanging portion 10b. The building main body 10a is two stories tall. The overhanging portion 10b overhangs from the building main body 10a. The height of the overhanging portion 10b is lower than the height of the building main body 10a.

[0030] 1 and 2, the building 10 includes wooden columns 20, steel girders 30 as metal cross members, wooden girders 40 as first wooden cross members, wooden beams 50 as second wooden cross members, a first beam 11, and a second beam 12. The wooden columns 20, steel girders 30, wooden girders 40, wooden beams 50, first beams 11, and second beams 12 each constitute the skeleton of the building 10.

[0031] The wooden pillar 20 extends in the vertical direction Z. The fiber direction of the wooden pillar 20 is the same as the direction in which the wooden pillar 20 extends. Therefore, the fiber direction of the wooden pillar 20 is the same as the vertical direction Z. The steel girder 30, the wooden girder 40, the wooden beam 50, the first beam 11, and the second beam 12 extend horizontally. The fiber direction of the wooden beam 50 is the same as the direction in which the wooden beam 50 extends. Therefore, the fiber direction of the wooden beam 50 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.

[0032] The steel girders 30 and the wooden girders 40 extend in the same direction. In this embodiment, the steel girders 30 and the wooden girders 40 extend in the longitudinal direction of the building 10 in a plan view. The length of the steel girders 30 is longer than the length of the wooden girders 40. The length of the steel girders 30 is, for example, 5 m or more. The wooden columns 20 are located between the steel girders 30 and the wooden girders 40 in the direction in which the steel girders 30 and the wooden girders 40 extend. The steel girders 30 and the wooden girders 40 are connected via the wooden columns 20. The wooden columns 20, the steel girders 30, and the wooden girders 40 are located at the boundary between the building main body 10a and the overhanging portion 10b.

[0033] The wooden beam 50, the first beam 11, and the second beam 12 extend perpendicular to the steel girder 30 and the wooden girder 40. In this embodiment, the wooden beam 50, the first beam 11, and the second beam 12 extend in the short direction of the building 10 in a plan view. The wooden beam 50 is arranged so as to straddle the building main body 10a and the overhanging portion 10b. The first beam 11 and the second beam 12 are made of wood. The first beam 11 is connected to the steel girder 30. The first beam 11 constitutes a beam of the building main body 10a. The second beam 12 is connected to the steel girder 30. The second beam 12 is located on the opposite side of the steel girder 30 from the first beam 11. The second beam 12 constitutes a beam of the overhanging portion 10b. The steel girder 30 bears the load of the second floor of the building main body 10a and the load of the roof of the overhanging portion 10b.

[0034] <Wooden Pillar 20> As shown in Fig. 2, the wooden post 20 has a rectangular shape in a plan view. The wooden post 20 has a first side surface 20a, a second side surface 20b, a third side surface 20c, and a fourth side surface 20d. The second side surface 20b is the surface opposite the first side surface 20a. The fourth side surface 20d is the surface opposite the third side surface 20c.

[0035] The wooden post 20 of this embodiment has a rectangular shape in a plan view. The first side surface 20a and the second side surface 20b extend in the short direction of the wooden post 20 in a plan view. The third side surface 20c and the fourth side surface 20d extend in the long direction of the wooden post 20 in a plan view. Therefore, the widths of the third side surface 20c and the fourth side surface 20d are greater than the widths of the first side surface 20a and the second side surface 20b.

[0036] In the following description, the longitudinal direction of the wooden pillar 20 in a plan view will be simply referred to as the "longitudinal direction X." The lateral direction of the wooden pillar 20 in a plan view will be simply referred to as the "lateral direction Y." In this embodiment, the longitudinal direction X is the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the building 10 in a plan view. The lateral direction Y is the same direction as the lateral direction of the building 10 in a plan view.

[0037] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the wooden post 20 is provided with eight first post through holes 21 and three second post through holes 22. The first post through holes 21 and the second post through holes 22 each penetrate the wooden post 20 in the horizontal direction. The first post through holes 21 and the second post through holes 22 each penetrate the wooden post 20 in the longitudinal direction X. The first post through holes 21 are holes used when connecting the steel girder 30 to the wooden post 20. The second post through holes 22 are holes used when connecting the wooden girder 40 to the wooden post 20.

[0038] The three second pillar through holes 22 are arranged in a row. The three second pillar through holes 22 are lined up at intervals in the vertical direction Z. The three second pillar through holes 22 are located at the center of the wooden pillar 20 in the short-side direction Y. Of the eight first pillar through holes 21, four first pillar through holes 21 are upper pillar through holes 21a located above the three second pillar through holes 22 in the vertical direction Z, and the other four first pillar through holes 21 are lower pillar through holes 21b located below the three second pillar through holes 22 in the vertical direction Z.

[0039] The upper column through holes 21a are arranged in two rows in the short direction Y. The upper column through holes 21a in each row are spaced apart in the up-down direction Z. The upper column through holes 21a in one row are located closer to the third side surface 20c than the second column through holes 22 in the short direction Y. The upper column through holes 21a in the other row are located closer to the fourth side surface 20d than the second column through holes 22 in the short direction Y.

[0040] The lower column through holes 21b are arranged in two rows in the short direction Y. The lower column through holes 21b in each row are spaced apart in the up-down direction Z. The lower column through holes 21b in one row are located closer to the third side surface 20c than the second column through holes 22 in the short direction Y. The lower column through holes 21b in the other row are located closer to the fourth side surface 20d than the second column through holes 22 in the short direction Y.

[0041] 5 and 6, a first recess 23 is provided in the second side surface 20b of the wooden post 20. The first recess 23 is provided at the position where the first post through hole 21 is provided. One end of the first post through hole 21 opens at the bottom surface of the first recess 23, and the other end of the first post through hole 21 opens at the first side surface 20a.

[0042] A second recess 24 is provided in the first side surface 20a of the wooden post 20. The second recess 24 is provided at the position where the second post through-hole 22 is provided. One end of the second post through-hole 22 opens at the bottom surface of the second recess 24, and the other end of the second post through-hole 22 opens at the second side surface 20b.

[0043] <Steel girder 30> 7 and 8, the steel girder 30 is made of an H-shaped steel. The steel girder 30 has a web 31, an upper flange 32, and a lower flange 33.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 5, a plurality of first web through holes 31a are provided in the web 31. The first web through holes 31a penetrate the web 31 in the thickness direction. The plurality of first web through holes 31a are provided at a first end in the extension direction of the steel girder 30. The plurality of first web through holes 31a are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction Z.

[0045] A plurality of second web through holes 31b are provided in the web 31. The second web through holes 31b penetrate the web 31 in the thickness direction. The plurality of second web through holes 31b are provided at a second end in the extension direction of the steel girder 30. The plurality of second web through holes 31b are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction Z.

[0046] <40 wooden beams> Two slits 40s are provided on the end surface 40a in the extension direction of the wooden beam 40. The two slits 40s are aligned with a gap in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the wooden beam 40. The portion of the wooden beam 40 located between the two slits 40s is recessed with respect to the end surface 40a.

[0047] 5 and 6, the wooden girder 40 has a plurality of girder through-holes 40h. The girder through-holes 40h penetrate the wooden girder 40 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wooden girder 40 extends. The girder through-holes 40h pass through two slits 40s. The plurality of girder through-holes 40h are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0048] <Wooden beam 50> The wooden beam 50 has a first beam side surface 50a and a second beam side surface 50b. The first beam side surface 50a and the second beam side surface 50b extend in the extension direction of the wooden beam 50 in a plan view. The second beam side surface 50b is the surface opposite to the first beam side surface 50a.

[0049] The wooden beam 50 has 14 beam through holes 50h. Each beam through hole 50h penetrates the wooden beam 50 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the wooden beam 50. The 14 beam through holes 50h are arranged in two rows in the extension direction of the wooden beam 50. The beam through holes 50h in each row are spaced apart in the vertical direction Z.

[0050] A third recess 50c is provided in the second beam side surface 50b of the wooden beam 50. The third recess 50c is provided at the position where the beam through hole 50h is provided. One end of the beam through hole 50h opens at the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50, and the other end of the beam through hole 50h opens at the bottom surface of the third recess 50c.

[0051] <Connection structure between wooden pillar 20 and steel girder 30> The steel girder 30 in this embodiment extends in the longitudinal direction X. A first end of the steel girder 30 is connected to a first side surface 20a of the wooden column 20 via a first connecting hardware 14 and two first splice plates 15. Therefore, the building 10 includes the first connecting hardware 14 that connects the first side surface 20a of the wooden column 20 and the steel girder 30.

[0052] The first connecting hardware 14 is composed of a T-shaped hardware. The first connecting hardware 14 has a plate-shaped first base portion 41 and a plate-shaped first extending portion 42. The first base portion 41 is arranged on the first side surface 20a of the wooden post 20. The first extending portion 42 extends from the center of the first base portion 41 in the short-side direction Y. The first extending portion 42 is perpendicular to the first base portion 41.

[0053] The first base 41 has 14 first base through-holes 41a. The first base through-holes 41a penetrate the first base 41 in the thickness direction. The first base through-holes 41a are arranged in two rows in the short-side direction Y. The first base through-holes 41a in each row are aligned at intervals in the up-down direction Z. The first base through-holes 41a in one row are located on one side of the first extending portion 42 in the short-side direction Y. The first base through-holes 41a in the other row are located on the other side of the first extending portion 42 in the short-side direction Y.

[0054] A plurality of first extending portion through holes 42a are provided in the first extending portion 42. The first extending portion through holes 42a penetrate the first extending portion 42 in the thickness direction. The plurality of first extending portion through holes 42a are arranged in a row at intervals in the up-down direction Z.

[0055] The first splice plate 15 has a plurality of first metal fitting connection holes 15a and a plurality of first girder connection holes 15b. The plurality of first metal fitting connection holes 15a are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z. The plurality of first girder connection holes 15b are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0056] The first base 41 of the first connecting hardware 14 is arranged on the first side surface 20a of the wooden post 20 so that the first base through-holes 41a communicate with the first post through-holes 21. Specifically, of the 14 first base through-holes 41a, the four first base through-holes 41a located on the upper side communicate with the upper post through-holes 21a. Of the 14 first base through-holes 41a, the four first base through-holes 41a located on the lower side communicate with the lower post through-holes 21b. Of the 14 first base through-holes 41a, the six first base through-holes 41a located in the center do not communicate with the first post through-holes 21.

[0057] The first connecting hardware 14 is connected to the first side surface 20a of the wooden pillar 20 by engaging the first nut N1 with the first bolt B1 inserted through the first base through-hole 41a and the first pillar through-hole 21. Therefore, the building 10 is equipped with the first bolt B1 as the first connecting member that connects the wooden pillar 20 and the first connecting hardware 14. In this embodiment, there are eight first bolts B1 (see FIG. 7). The first bolts B1 are inserted into the wooden pillar 20 in the horizontal direction. The first bolts B1 are inserted into the wooden pillar 20 in the longitudinal direction X. The head of the first bolt B1 is located within the first recess 23.

[0058] The first extension portion 42 of the first connecting hardware 14 is connected to the web 31 of the steel girder 30 via two first splice plates 15. More specifically, the first extension portion 42 is disposed between the two first splice plates 15 so that the first extension portion through-hole 42a communicates with the first hardware connecting hole 15a. The first connecting hardware 14 is connected to the two first splice plates 15 by engaging a nut N with a bolt B inserted through the first extension portion through-hole 42a and the two first hardware connecting holes 15a.

[0059] The web 31 of the steel girder 30 is disposed between the two first splice plates 15 so that the first web through-hole 31a communicates with the first girder connection hole 15b. The two first splice plates 15 are connected to the web 31 by nuts N being engaged with bolts B inserted into the first web through-hole 31a and the two first girder connection holes 15b. Therefore, the first end of the steel girder 30 is connected to the first side surface 20a of the wooden column 20 via the two first splice plates 15 and the first connection hardware 14.

[0060] <Connection structure between wooden pillar 20 and wooden beam 40> The wooden girder 40 in this embodiment extends in the longitudinal direction X. One end of the wooden girder 40 is connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 via a second connecting hardware 16. Therefore, the building 10 is equipped with the second connecting hardware 16 that connects the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 and the wooden girder 40.

[0061] The second connecting hardware 16 has a second base portion 61 and two second extending portions 62. The two second extending portions 62 extend in parallel from the second base portion 61. The two second extending portions 62 are perpendicular to the second base portion 61. The second base portion 61 and the two second extending portions 62 are each plate-shaped.

[0062] Three second base through holes 61a are provided in the second base 61. The second base through holes 61a penetrate the second base 61 in the thickness direction. The three second base through holes 61a are lined up at intervals in the up-down direction Z. Each second extension portion 62 is provided with a plurality of second extension portion through holes 62a. The second extension portion through holes 62a penetrate the second extension portion 62 in the thickness direction. The plurality of second extension portion through holes 62a are lined up at intervals in the up-down direction Z.

[0063] The second base 61 of the second connecting hardware 16 is disposed on the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 so that the second base through-hole 61a communicates with the second pillar through-hole 22. The second connecting hardware 16 is connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 by engaging the second nut N2 with the second bolt B2 inserted into the second base through-hole 61a and the second pillar through-hole 22. Therefore, the building 10 is provided with the second bolt B2 as a second connecting member that connects the wooden pillar 20 and the second connecting hardware 16. In this embodiment, the number of second bolts B2 is three. The second bolt B2 is inserted into the wooden pillar 20 in the horizontal direction. The second bolt B2 is inserted into the wooden pillar 20 in the longitudinal direction X. The head of the second bolt B2 is located within the second recess 24.

[0064] Of the eight first bolts B1, four first bolts B1 are upper bolts B1a located above the three second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z, and the other four first bolts B1 are lower bolts B1b located below the three second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z. Therefore, the multiple first bolts B1 include upper bolts B1a serving as upper connecting members located above the multiple second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z, and lower bolts B1b serving as lower connecting members located below the multiple second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z.

[0065] The first bolts B1 are arranged in two rows in the short-side direction Y. The second bolts B2 are arranged in one row. The first bolts B1 in one row are located on one side of the second bolts B2 in the short-side direction Y, and the first bolts B1 in the other row are located on the other side of the second bolts B2 in the short-side direction Y.

[0066] The two second extension portions 62 of the second connecting hardware 16 are inserted into the two slits 40s so that the second extension portion through-holes 62a communicate with the girder through-holes 40h. Drift pins P are inserted into the two second extension portion through-holes 62a and the girder through-holes 40h. This connects the second connecting hardware 16 to the wooden girder 40. Therefore, the wooden girder 40 is connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden column 20 via the second connecting hardware 16.

[0067] <Structure connecting steel girders 30 and wooden beams 50> The wooden beam 50 in this embodiment extends in the short direction Y. The second end of the steel girder 30 is connected to the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50 via a third connecting hardware 17 and two second splice plates 18. Therefore, the building 10 is equipped with the third connecting hardware 17 that connects the steel girder 30 and the wooden beam 50.

[0068] The third connecting hardware 17 is composed of a T-shaped hardware. The third connecting hardware 17 has a plate-shaped third base portion 71 and a plate-shaped third extending portion 72. The third base portion 71 is arranged on the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50. The third extending portion 72 extends from the center of the third base portion 71 in the short-side direction Y. The third extending portion 72 is perpendicular to the third base portion 71.

[0069] The third base 71 has 14 third base through-holes 71a. The third base through-holes 71a penetrate the third base 71 in the thickness direction. The third base through-holes 71a are arranged in two rows in the short-side direction Y. The third base through-holes 71a in each row are aligned at intervals in the up-down direction Z. The third base through-holes 71a in one row are located on one side of the third extension portion 72 in the short-side direction Y. The third base through-holes 71a in the other row are located on the other side of the third extension portion 72 in the short-side direction Y.

[0070] A plurality of third extending portion through holes 72a are provided in the third extending portion 72. The third extending portion through holes 72a penetrate the third extending portion 72 in the thickness direction. The plurality of third extending portion through holes 72a are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction Z.

[0071] The second splice plate 18 is provided with a plurality of second metal fitting connection holes 18a and a plurality of second girder connection holes 18b. The plurality of second metal fitting connection holes 18a are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z. The plurality of second girder connection holes 18b are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z.

[0072] The third base 71 of the third connecting hardware 17 is disposed on the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50 so that the third base through-hole 71a communicates with the beam through-hole 50h. Specifically, all fourteen third base through-holes 71a communicate with the beam through-holes 50h. The third connecting hardware 17 is connected to the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50 by engaging the third nuts N3 with the third bolts B3 inserted through the third base through-holes 71a and the beam through-holes 50h. Therefore, the building 10 includes the third bolts B3 as third connecting members that connect the wooden beam 50 and the third connecting hardware 17. In this embodiment, the number of third bolts B3 is fourteen (see FIG. 8). Therefore, the number of third bolts B3 is greater than the number of first bolts B1. The third bolts B3 are inserted horizontally into the wooden beam 50. The head of the third bolt B3 is located within the third recess 50c.

[0073] The third extension portion 72 of the third connecting hardware 17 is connected to the web 31 of the steel girder 30 via two second splice plates 18. More specifically, the third extension portion 72 is disposed between the two second splice plates 18 so that the third extension portion through-hole 72a communicates with the second hardware connecting hole 18a. The third connecting hardware 17 is connected to the two second splice plates 18 by engaging a nut N with a bolt B inserted through the third extension portion through-hole 72a and the two second hardware connecting holes 18a.

[0074] The web 31 of the steel girder 30 is disposed between the two second splice plates 18 so that the second web through-hole 31b communicates with the second girder connection hole 18b. The two second splice plates 18 are connected to the web 31 by nuts N being engaged with bolts B inserted into the second web through-hole 31b and the two second girder connection holes 18b. Therefore, the second end of the steel girder 30 is connected to the first beam side surface 50a of the wooden beam 50 via the two second splice plates 18 and the third connection hardware 17.

[0075] <Actions and Effects of This Embodiment> The operation and effects of this embodiment will be described. (1) The building 10 includes a wooden pillar 20, a steel girder 30, and a first connecting hardware 14 that connects a first side surface 20a of the wooden pillar 20 to the steel girder 30. The wooden pillar 20 has a rectangular shape in a plan view. The first side surface 20a extends in the short-side direction Y of the wooden pillar 20 in a plan view.

[0076] When a cross member is connected to the side of a column via a connecting hardware, a bending moment is applied to the column from the cross member via the connecting hardware. When the cross member is made of metal and the column is made of wood, as in this embodiment, the bending moment applied to the column is larger than when the cross member and column are made of wood, making the column more likely to deflect. In this embodiment, the wooden column 20 is rectangular in plan view. Furthermore, the steel girder 30 is connected to the first side surface 20a extending in the short direction Y of the wooden column 20 via the first connecting hardware 14, and also extends in the longitudinal direction X of the wooden column 20 in plan view. This prevents the wooden column 20 from deflecting. Therefore, the steel girder 30 can be suitably connected to the wooden column 20.

[0077] (2) The building 10 includes a wooden beam 40 and a second connecting hardware 16 that connects the second side surface 20b of the wooden column 20 to the wooden beam 40. The second side surface 20b is the surface opposite to the first side surface 20a and extends in the short direction Y in a plan view.

[0078] According to this configuration, the wooden girder 40 is connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden column 20 via the second connecting hardware 16, and therefore a bending moment is applied from the wooden girder 40 to the wooden column 20 via the second connecting hardware 16. The direction of the bending moment applied from the wooden girder 40 to the wooden column 20 via the second connecting hardware 16 is opposite to the direction of the bending moment applied from the steel girder 30 to the wooden column 20 via the first connecting hardware 14, and therefore deflection of the wooden column 20 can be further suppressed.

[0079] (3) The building 10 includes a plurality of first bolts B1 that connect the wooden pillar 20 and the first connecting hardware 14, and a plurality of second bolts B2 that connect the wooden pillar 20 and the second connecting hardware 16. The plurality of first bolts B1 include an upper bolt B1a that is positioned above the plurality of second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z, and a lower bolt B1b that is positioned below the plurality of second bolts B2 in the vertical direction Z.

[0080] According to this configuration, the steel girder 30 can be connected to the wooden column 20 in a balanced manner compared to when all of the first bolts B1 are provided only above or below the plurality of second bolts B2.

[0081] (4) The first bolts B1 are arranged in two rows in the short-side direction Y. The second bolts B2 are arranged in one row. This configuration allows the steel girder 30 to be connected to the wooden column 20 in a balanced and strong manner, compared to when the first bolts B1 are arranged in a single row.

[0082] (5) The first bolts B1 and the second bolts B2 are inserted into the wooden post 20 in the longitudinal direction X. The first bolts B1 in one row are located on one side of the second bolts B2 in the lateral direction Y. The first bolts B1 in the other row are located on the other side of the second bolts B2 in the lateral direction Y.

[0083] With this configuration, a compressive load that compresses the wooden column 20 downward in the vertical direction Z is applied from the steel girder 30 via the first connecting hardware 14 and the first bolt B1 to the wooden column 20. In addition, a compressive load that compresses the wooden column 20 downward in the vertical direction Z is applied from the wooden girder 40 via the second connecting hardware 16 and the second bolt B2 to the wooden column 20. Because the first bolt B1 is provided in a position that does not overlap with the second bolt B2 in a plan view, the position where the steel girder 30 applies the compressive load to the wooden column 20 is different from the position where the wooden girder 40 applies the compressive load to the wooden column 20. Therefore, the compressive load is prevented from being concentrated on the wooden column 20, thereby preventing buckling of the wooden column 20.

[0084] (6) The building 10 includes a wooden beam 50, a third connecting hardware 17 that connects the steel girder 30 and the wooden beam 50, and a third bolt B3 that connects the wooden beam 50 and the third connecting hardware 17. The third bolt B3 is inserted horizontally through the wooden beam 50. The number of third bolts B3 is greater than the number of first bolts B1.

[0085] According to this configuration, a compressive load that compresses the wooden beam 50 downward in the vertical direction Z is applied to the wooden beam 50 from the steel girder 30 via the third connecting metal fitting 17 and the third bolt B3. The fiber direction of the wooden pillar 20 is the same as the extension direction of the wooden pillar 20, so the fiber direction of the wooden pillar 20 is the same as the vertical direction Z. In contrast, the fiber direction of the wooden beam 50 is the same as the extension direction of the wooden beam 50, so the fiber direction of the wooden beam 50 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Z. Therefore, the strength of the wooden pillar 20 against a compressive load is higher than the strength of the wooden beam 50 against a compressive load.

[0086] From the above, for example, if the number of first bolts B1 and the number of third bolts B3 are the same, the rate of deterioration will be different between the portion of the wooden column 20 to which the first connecting hardware 14 is connected and the portion of the wooden beam 50 to which the third connecting hardware 17 is connected. More specifically, the compressive load applied to the wooden column 20 from one first bolt B1 is approximately the same as the compressive load applied to the wooden beam 50 from one third bolt B3. Therefore, the embedment of the third bolt B3 into the wooden beam 50 will be greater than the embedment of the first bolt B1 into the wooden column 20. Therefore, the wooden beam 50 will deteriorate before the wooden column 20.

[0087] In contrast, in this embodiment, the number of third bolts B3 is greater than the number of first bolts B1, which reduces the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column 20 to which the first connecting hardware 14 is connected and the portion of the wooden beam 50 to which the third connecting hardware 17 is connected. Specifically, the compressive load applied to the wooden beam 50 from the third bolts B3 is dispersed, which reduces the difference between the compressive load applied to the wooden beam 50 from one third bolt B3 and the compressive load applied to the wooden column 20 from one first bolt B1. This reduces the difference between the amount of embedment of the third bolt B3 into the wooden beam 50 and the amount of embedment of the first bolt B1 into the wooden column 20. This reduces the difference in deterioration rate between the portion of the wooden column 20 to which the first connecting hardware 14 is connected and the portion of the wooden beam 50 to which the third connecting hardware 17 is connected.

[0088] (7) As described above, a compressive load is applied to the wooden pillar 20 from the steel girder 30 via the first connecting metal 14 and the first bolt B1. In this embodiment, the wooden pillar 20 is rectangular in plan view, and the first bolt B1 is inserted into the wooden pillar 20 in the longitudinal direction X. Therefore, the strength of the wooden pillar 20 against compressive loads can be improved compared to, for example, a case where the wooden pillar 20 is square in plan view and the length of one side of the wooden pillar 20 in plan view is the same as the dimension in the short direction Y of the wooden pillar 20 of this embodiment. Therefore, the wooden pillar 20 is less likely to buckle.

[0089] (8) The extension direction of the steel girder 30 and the wooden girder 40 are the same. In addition, the steel girder 30 and the wooden girder 40 are connected via the wooden column 20. This allows for a hybrid beam structure made up of two types of materials. In this case, the length of the beam can be longer than that of the wooden beam.

[0090] <Example of change> The above-described embodiment is an example of a form that the building 10 can take, and is not intended to limit the form. The building 10 can take a form different from the form exemplified in the above-described embodiment. Examples of such a form include a form in which part of the configuration of the embodiment is replaced, modified, or omitted, or a form in which a new configuration is added to the embodiment. Modified examples of the embodiment are shown below.

[0091] The metal cross member is not limited to a girder extending in the longitudinal direction of the building 10 in a plan view, but may be a beam extending in the lateral direction of the building 10 in a plan view. When the metal cross member is a beam, the second wooden cross member is a girder.

[0092] The first wooden cross member is not limited to a girder and may be a beam. In the above embodiment, the first wooden cross member is connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 via the second connecting metal member 16, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0093] For example, the second side surface 20b of the wooden pillar 20 does not need to have a cross member connected thereto. For example, a metal cross member may be connected to the second side surface 20b of the wooden post 20. A wooden or metal cross member may be connected to the third side surface 20c of the wooden pillar 20.

[0094] A wooden or metal cross member may be connected to the fourth side surface 20d of the wooden pillar 20. In the above embodiment, the second end of the metal beam is connected to the second wooden beam, but this is not limiting. For example, the second end of the metal beam may be connected to a wooden post other than the wooden post 20.

[0095] The configuration of the metal fittings connecting the wooden pillar 20 and the steel girder 30 is not limited to the configuration of the first connecting metal fitting 14 in the above embodiment, and may be changed as appropriate. The configuration of the metal fittings connecting the wooden pillar 20 and the wooden beam 40 is not limited to the configuration of the second connecting metal fitting 16 in the above embodiment, and may be changed as appropriate.

[0096] The configuration of the metal fittings connecting the steel girder 30 and the wooden beam 50 is not limited to the configuration of the third connecting metal fitting 17 in the above embodiment, and may be changed as appropriate. The number of first connecting members, second connecting members, and third connecting members may be changed as appropriate as long as there is more than one.

[0097] All of the first connecting members may be provided only above or below the second connecting members in the vertical direction Z. The plurality of first connecting members may be arranged in a row.

[0098] The first connecting member may overlap the second connecting member in a plan view. The building 10 may include wooden columns to which no metal beams are connected. In this case, the wooden columns to which no metal beams are connected may be square in plan view.

[0099] The wooden pole 20 does not have to be rectangular in plan view. The wooden pole 20 may be square in plan view. Even in this case, the effects (2) to (6) and (8) of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[0100] <Additional Notes> This specification discloses the following techniques: [Appendix 1] A building comprising a wooden post, a metal cross member, and a first connecting hardware that connects a first side of the wooden post to the metal cross member, wherein the wooden post is rectangular in plan view, and the first side extends in the short direction of the wooden post in plan view.

[0101] [Appendix 2] The building described in Appendix 1 comprises a first wooden cross member and a second connecting hardware that connects the first wooden cross member to a second side surface of the wooden column opposite the first side surface and extending in the short direction in a plan view.

[0102] [Appendix 3] The building described in Appendix 2 comprises a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the second connecting hardware, and the plurality of first connecting members include upper connecting members that are positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and lower connecting members that are positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction.

[0103] [Appendix 4] The building described in Appendix 2 comprises a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden pillars and the second connecting hardware, wherein the plurality of first connecting members are arranged in two rows in the short direction, and the plurality of second connecting members are arranged in one row.

[0104] [Appendix 5] In the building described in Appendix 4, the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the wooden pillars in the longitudinal direction of the wooden pillars when viewed in a plane, and the first connecting members in one row are located on one side of the second connecting members in the short direction, and the first connecting members in the other row are located on the other side of the second connecting members in the short direction.

[0105] [Appendix 6] The building described in Appendix 1 comprises a second wooden cross member, a third connecting hardware connecting the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member, a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden post and the first connecting hardware, and a plurality of third connecting members connecting the second wooden cross member and the third connecting hardware, wherein the first connecting members are inserted horizontally into the wooden post, and the third connecting members are inserted horizontally into the second wooden cross member, and the number of third connecting members is greater than the number of first connecting members.

[0106] [Appendix 7] A building comprising a wooden post, a metal cross member, a first connecting hardware connecting a first side of the wooden post to the metal cross member, a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden post to the first connecting hardware, a first wooden cross member, a second connecting hardware connecting a second side of the wooden post, which is the side opposite to the first side of the wooden post, to the first wooden cross member, and a plurality of second connecting members connecting the wooden post to the second connecting hardware, wherein the plurality of first connecting members include upper connecting members positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and lower connecting members positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction.

[0107] [Appendix 8] A building comprising a wooden post, a metal cross member, a first connecting hardware connecting the wooden post and the metal cross member, a plurality of first connecting members connecting the wooden post and the first connecting hardware, a second wooden cross member, a third connecting hardware connecting the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member, and a plurality of third connecting members connecting the second wooden cross member and the third connecting hardware, wherein the first connecting members are inserted horizontally into the wooden post and the third connecting members are inserted horizontally into the second wooden cross member, and the number of third connecting members is greater than the number of first connecting members. [Explanation of symbols]

[0108] 10...building, 14...first connecting metal, 16...second connecting metal, 17...third connecting metal, 20...wooden column, 20a...first side, 20b...second side, 30...steel girder as metal cross member, 40...wooden girder as first wooden cross member, 50...wooden beam as second wooden cross member, B1...first bolt as first connecting member, B1a...upper bolt as upper connecting member, B1b...lower bolt as lower connecting member, B2...second bolt as second connecting member, B3...third bolt as third connecting member, X...longitudinal direction, Y...transverse direction, Z...up and down direction.

Claims

1. Wooden pillars and A metal cross member; a first connecting hardware that connects a first side surface of the wooden pillar and the metal cross member; Equipped with The wooden post has a rectangular shape in a plan view, The first side surface extends in the short-side direction of the wooden post in a plan view. architecture.

2. a first wooden cross member; a second connecting hardware that connects a second side surface of the wooden post opposite the first side surface and extending in the short direction in a plan view to the first wooden cross member; Equipped with The building according to claim 1.

3. a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the first connecting hardware; a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the second connecting hardware; Equipped with The plurality of first connecting members include an upper connecting member positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and a lower connecting member positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction. The building according to claim 2.

4. a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the first connecting hardware; a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the second connecting hardware; Equipped with The plurality of first connecting members are arranged in two rows in the short-side direction, The plurality of second connecting members are arranged in a row. The building according to claim 2.

5. the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the wooden post in the longitudinal direction of the wooden post in a plan view, The first connecting members in one row are located on one side of the second connecting members in the short-side direction, and the first connecting members in the other row are located on the other side of the second connecting members in the short-side direction. The building according to claim 4.

6. A second wooden cross member; a third connecting hardware that connects the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member; a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the first connecting hardware; a plurality of third connecting members that connect the second wooden beams and the third connecting hardware; Equipped with the first connecting member is inserted through the wooden post in the horizontal direction, The third connecting member is inserted into the second wooden cross member in the horizontal direction, The number of the third connecting members is greater than the number of the first connecting members. The building according to claim 1.

7. Wooden pillars and A metal cross member; a first connecting hardware that connects a first side surface of the wooden pillar and the metal cross member; a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the first connecting hardware; a first wooden cross member; a second connecting hardware that connects a second side surface of the wooden post opposite the first side surface to the first wooden cross member; a plurality of second connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the second connecting hardware; Equipped with The plurality of first connecting members include an upper connecting member positioned above the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction, and a lower connecting member positioned below the plurality of second connecting members in the vertical direction. architecture.

8. Wooden pillars and A metal cross member; a first connecting hardware that connects the wooden column and the metal cross member; a plurality of first connecting members that connect the wooden poles and the first connecting hardware; A second wooden cross member; a third connecting hardware that connects the metal cross member and the second wooden cross member; a plurality of third connecting members that connect the second wooden beams and the third connecting hardware; Equipped with the first connecting member is inserted through the wooden post in the horizontal direction, The third connecting member is inserted into the second wooden cross member in the horizontal direction, The number of the third connecting members is greater than the number of the first connecting members. architecture.

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