Fire containment method and fire containment unit

Abstract

To make it possible to extinguish a fire at an early stage in a fire convergence method and in a fire convergence unit.SOLUTION: A fire convergence method has steps of: arranging a gateway tunnel and a discharge tunnel on the periphery of a fire occurrence site; forming a space part by covering the fire occurrence site with an incombustible sheet; allowing the outside to communicate with the space part by the gateway tunnel; allowing the space part to communicate with the outside by the discharge tunnel; and supplying a fire-extinguishing agent to the space part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fire containment method and a fire containment unit for quickly extinguishing and containing a fire in a building or the like. [Background technology]

[0002] When a fire breaks out in a building, it is extinguished by spraying a fire extinguishing agent onto the building. Fire extinguishers, sprinklers, and other devices are available for spraying fire extinguishing agents onto buildings, and spraying fire extinguishing agents using fire engines is also an option. However, when extinguishing a fire by spraying fire extinguishing agents onto a building, it is difficult to concentrate the spray on the source of the fire, and the agent may also get onto areas where the fire is not occurring, resulting in extensive damage to the building. Therefore, for example, the fire prevention and extinguishing equipment described in Patent Document 1 creates a temporary three-dimensional space around the building using a prefabricated frame and fire-resistant fabric, and extinguishes the fire by releasing nitrogen gas into the space to reduce the oxygen concentration. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-13478 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The fire prevention and extinguishing equipment in Patent Document 1 uses a prefabricated frame and fire-resistant fabric to temporarily create a three-dimensional space around a building. Therefore, it takes a long time to create the three-dimensional space, which causes a problem of delaying the start of fire extinguishing in the building.

[0005] The present disclosure is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a fire containment method and a fire containment unit that enable a fire to be contained quickly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The fire containment method of the present disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned object includes the steps of arranging entrance / exit tunnels and exhaust tunnels around the fire site, forming a space by covering the fire site with a non-combustible sheet, connecting the space to the outside using the entrance / exit tunnels, connecting the space to the outside using the exhaust tunnels, and supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the space.

[0007] In addition, the fire containment unit of the present disclosure includes a non-combustible sheet that can form a space by covering the fire site, an entrance / exit tunnel that connects the space with the outside and allows various equipment to move between the outside and the space, an exhaust tunnel that connects the space with the outside and can exhaust gas from the space to the outside, and a fire extinguishing agent supply device that can supply fire extinguishing agent to the space. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the fire extinguishing method and fire extinguishing unit disclosed herein, a fire can be extinguished quickly. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a fire extinguishing unit according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a fire containment unit. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the fire containment method of this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a fire containment method. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a fire containment method. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a fire containment method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, and when there are multiple embodiments, the present disclosure also includes configurations that combine the embodiments. Furthermore, the components in the embodiments include those that can be easily imagined by a person skilled in the art, those that are substantially identical, and those that are within the so-called equivalent range.

[0011] <Fire containment unit> FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a fire extinguishing unit of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the fire extinguishing unit.

[0012] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fire extinguishing unit 10 quickly extinguishes a fire in a building 101 when the fire breaks out in the building 101. In this case, the fire outbreak site is the building 101 where the fire broke out. However, the fire outbreak site is not limited to the building 101, but may also be a vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a forest, or the like.

[0013] The fire containment unit 10 includes a non-combustible sheet 11, an entrance / exit tunnel 12, a discharge tunnel 13, and a fire extinguishing agent supply device 14.

[0014] The non-combustible sheet 11 is a sheet made of a non-combustible membrane material (such as glass fiber) that does not burn and maintains airtightness for a certain period of time. The non-combustible sheet 11 has a cylindrical shape with an open bottom and a closed top. That is, the non-combustible sheet 11 has sides 11a and a ceiling 11b, and an opening 11c is formed in the bottom. However, the non-combustible sheet 11 is not limited to this shape. For example, the non-combustible sheet 11 may be a square cylindrical or triangular sheet with an open bottom, or may be a simple flat sheet or a spherical sheet with an open bottom.

[0015] The non-combustible sheet 11 covers the building 101 where the fire has broken out from above, forming a space 102 between the non-combustible sheet 11 and the building 101. The non-combustible sheet 11 can be lifted and transported by a plurality of transport drones (unmanned transport aerial vehicles) 21, and can be installed at a predetermined position. The transport drones 21 lift the non-combustible sheet 11 using a hoisting device 11d provided on the upper part of the non-combustible sheet 11. For example, the non-combustible sheet 11 is transported in a folded state to the vicinity of the building 101 by a vehicle (not shown). A worker unfolds the folded non-combustible sheet 11 and connects the non-combustible sheet 11 to the transport drone 21 via the hoisting device 11d.

[0016] The worker operates multiple transport drones 21 and hoists up the non-combustible sheet 11 by flying the multiple transport drones 21. The worker flies the multiple transport drones 21 to move the non-combustible sheet 11 above the building 101. Here, the worker lowers the non-combustible sheet 11 by lowering the multiple transport drones 21, places the building 101 inside the non-combustible sheet 11 through the opening 11c, and covers the building 101 with the non-combustible sheet 11.

[0017] The non-combustible sheet 11 may not be moved by the transport drone 21. For example, the non-combustible sheet 11 may be lifted and transported by a crane and installed at a predetermined position.

[0018] The multiple transport drones 21 hover at a predetermined height to maintain the cylindrical shape of the non-combustible sheet 11. At this time, the lower part of the non-combustible sheet 11 is grounded on the ground 103. Therefore, a space 102 is formed between the non-combustible sheet 11, the building 101, and the ground 103. In this case, weights may be provided on the lower part of the entire periphery of the non-combustible sheet 11 so that the lower part is grounded on the ground 103 without any gaps. The lower part of the non-combustible sheet 11 may also be fixed to the ground 103 with a fixture or the like.

[0019] The entrance / exit tunnel 12 connects the outside of the non-combustible sheet 11 with the space 102 inside the non-combustible sheet 11. The entrance / exit tunnel 12 is installed on the ground 103 to form a passage 12a with a semicircular cross-section. However, the passage 12a is not limited to this shape. Various equipment can be moved between the outside of the non-combustible sheet 11 and the space 102 via the entrance / exit tunnel 12. The entrance / exit tunnel 12 is placed on the ground 103 around the building 101 in advance. When the non-combustible sheet 11 descends and its lower part comes into contact with the upper part of the entrance / exit tunnel 12, there is no gap between the lower part of the non-combustible sheet 11 and the entrance / exit tunnel 12. In addition, the entrance / exit tunnel 12 has an opening / closing door 12b on the outer side of the passage 12a. When the opening / closing door 12b is opened, the entrance / exit tunnel 12 connects the outside of the non-combustible sheet 11 with the space 102. On the other hand, the entrance / exit tunnel 12 has the space 102 sealed by closing the opening / closing door 12b.

[0020] The discharge tunnel 13 connects the space 102 inside the non-combustible sheet 11 to the outside of the non-combustible sheet 11. The discharge tunnel 13 is installed on the ground 103 to form a passage 13a with a semicircular cross section. However, the passage 13a is not limited to this shape. The discharge tunnel 13 can discharge gas (air) from the space 102 to the outside. The discharge tunnel 13 is placed on the ground 103 around the building 101 in advance. The non-combustible sheet 11 is lowered so that its lower part comes into contact with the upper part of the discharge tunnel 13, eliminating the gap between the lower part of the non-combustible sheet 11 and the discharge tunnel 13. In addition, the discharge tunnel 13 has an opening / closing door 13b on the outside side of the passage 13a. When the opening / closing door 13b is opened, the discharge tunnel 13 connects the space 102 to the outside of the non-combustible sheet 11. On the other hand, the space 102 of the discharge tunnel 13 is sealed by closing the opening / closing door 13b. However, the opening / closing door 13b may be a door equipped with a check valve that can discharge gas (air) in the space 102 to the outside.

[0021] The fire extinguishant supply device 14 is capable of supplying a fire extinguishant to the space 102 inside the non-combustible sheet 11. In this embodiment, the fire extinguishant is preferably an inert gas, but may also be water, a reinforced liquid, foam, etc. Examples of inert gases that can be used include nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, but a mixture of two or more gases may also be used, and inergen gas (a mixed gas of nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and argon) may also be used.

[0022] The fire extinguishant supply device 14 is a fire extinguishant cylinder filled with a fire extinguishant. A transport robot (unmanned transport vehicle) 22 is equipped with the fire extinguishant supply device (fire extinguishant cylinder) 14 and can travel. A worker can operate the transport robot 22 to move and transport the fire extinguishant supply device 14. After the non-combustible sheet 11 and the entrance / exit tunnel 12 are installed, the transport robot 22 equipped with the fire extinguishant supply device 14 can move from outside the non-combustible sheet 11 through the entrance / exit tunnel 12 to the space 102. Then, a worker can operate the transport robot 22 to open the fire extinguishant cylinder serving as the fire extinguishant supply device 14 and supply nitrogen gas to the space 102. However, the transport robot 22 equipped with the fire extinguishant supply device 14 may also be moved to a position that will become the space 102 before the non-combustible sheet 11 is installed.

[0023] The extinguishant supply device 14 is not limited to an extinguishant cylinder. The extinguishant supply device 14 may be composed of an extinguishant cylinder, a supply hose, and an on-off valve. The extinguishant cylinder may be disposed outside the noncombustible sheet 11, and the tip of the supply hose connected to the extinguishant cylinder may be disposed in the entrance / exit tunnel 12. Then, by opening the on-off valve, the extinguishant in the extinguishant cylinder may be supplied from the supply hose through the entrance / exit tunnel 12 to the space 102.

[0024] The discharge tunnel 13 is also provided with a suction device 15. The suction device 15 discharges gas from the space 102 to the outside through the discharge tunnel 13. The suction device 15 has a vacuum pump 23 and a discharge hose 24. The vacuum pump 23 is installed on the outside side of the discharge tunnel 13. The discharge hose 24 is connected to the vacuum pump 23, and the other end of the discharge hose 24 is connected to the discharge tunnel 13. When the vacuum pump 23 is operated, a suction force acts on the space 102 through the discharge hose 24, allowing gases such as air in the space to be discharged to the outside. A filter may be installed in the system including the vacuum pump 23 to remove smoke and other contaminants contained in the gas discharged.

[0025] A monitoring drone (unmanned aerial vehicle for monitoring) 25 is equipped with monitoring equipment 26. The monitoring equipment 26 may include, for example, a camera 27, an oxygen concentration sensor 28, and a temperature sensor 29. A worker can remotely control the monitoring drone 25 to fly it. However, the monitoring drone 25 may be automatically operated according to a set program. After the fire-retardant sheet 11 and the entrance / exit tunnel 12 are installed, the monitoring drone 25 can move from outside the fire-retardant sheet 11 through the entrance / exit tunnel 12 to the space 102. The worker can then operate the monitoring equipment 26 by operating the monitoring drone 25. However, the operation of the monitoring equipment 26 may be automatically operated according to a set program. At this time, the camera 27 photographs the fire situation in the building 101 in the space 102, the oxygen concentration sensor 28 measures the oxygen concentration in the space 102, and the temperature sensor 29 measures the temperature in the space 102. The monitoring device 26 transmits the captured image (or video) of the space 102, the oxygen concentration in the space 102, the temperature of the space 102, and other information to the outside.

[0026] The control unit 31 is placed near the building 101 and outside the fire-resistant sheet 11. The control unit 31 is connected to an operation unit 32 and a display unit 33. The control unit 31 also receives information from the monitoring equipment 26, such as the camera 27, oxygen concentration sensor 28, and temperature sensor 29. In this case, the control unit 31 and the monitoring equipment 26 are provided with a communication device (not shown) that transmits and receives various information (signals) wirelessly.

[0027] The control unit 31 is a controller, and is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) executing various programs stored in the storage unit using RAM as a work area. The operation unit 32 can be operated by an operator. The operator can input various command signals to the control unit 31 through operation of the operation unit 32. The operation unit 32 is, for example, a keyboard or a touch-type display. The display unit 33 displays the contents processed by the control unit. The display unit 33 is, for example, a monitor. The control unit 31, operation unit 32, and display unit 33 may be integrated or may be separate entities. However, a series of operations or part of the operations may be automatic operations according to a set program.

[0028] The control unit 31 receives an image of the space 102 (building 101) captured by the camera 27 and displays the image on the display unit 33. The control unit 31 receives an input of the oxygen concentration of the space 102 measured by the oxygen concentration sensor 28. The control unit 31 adjusts and controls the amount or type of extinguishing agent supplied by the fire extinguisher supply device 14 based on the oxygen concentration of the space 102. In the following specific description, the control unit 31 is described as adjusting and controlling the amount of extinguishing agent supplied by the fire extinguisher supply device 14 based on the oxygen concentration of the space 102. When the space 102 is occupied, the control unit 31 adjusts the amount of nitrogen gas supplied from the fire extinguisher supply device 14 to the space 102 so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is in the range of 12% to 15%, in order to extinguish the fire while ensuring human lives. However, the range of the oxygen concentration in the space 102 may be changed slightly (e.g., from 13% to 15%). Furthermore, when the space 102 is unoccupied, the control unit 31 adjusts the amount of extinguishing agent supplied from the extinguishing agent supply device 14 to the space 102 so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. The reason for setting the oxygen concentration at 15% is that the limiting oxygen index is approximately 16.5%, so 15% was set to be on the safe side of approximately 16.5%. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) is the minimum concentration of oxygen required for polymer combustion, expressed as a percentage.

[0029] Generally, the oxygen concentration in air is around 21%, with 18% being the generally safe lower limit for the human body. When the oxygen concentration falls below 16%, breathing and pulse rates increase, and headaches and nausea occur. When the oxygen concentration falls below 12%, dizziness and nausea occur. When the oxygen concentration falls below 10%, the person turns pale, loses consciousness, and vomits. When the oxygen concentration falls below 8%, the person faints and dies within seven to eight minutes. When the oxygen concentration falls below 8%, the person instantly collapses, stops breathing, experiences convulsions, and dies within six minutes.

[0030] Therefore, if the space 102 is occupied, the control unit 31 adjusts the amount of nitrogen gas supplied so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is in the range of 12% to 15%, and if the space 102 is unoccupied, the control unit 31 adjusts the amount of fire extinguishing agent supplied so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. Here, the determination of whether the space 102 is occupied or not is made from information obtained when a fire breaks out in the building 101, or from images captured by a camera 27 attached to the monitoring drone 25, audio from a sound collector (microphone), etc.

[0031] The temperature of the space 102 measured by the temperature sensor 29 is input to the control unit 31. The control unit 31 determines whether the fire in the building 101 has been extinguished, that is, whether the fire has been contained, based on the temperature of the space 102 and other information. When the control unit 31 determines that the fire in the building 101 in the space 102 has been contained, it stops the supply of extinguishant from the fire extinguishant supply device 14 to the space 102. In this case, in order to prevent the fire from re-igniting, it is preferable to stop the supply of extinguishant a predetermined time after it has been determined that the fire has been contained.

[0032] <Fire containment methods> FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the fire containment method of this embodiment, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are schematic diagrams for explaining the fire containment method.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1, the fire containment method includes the steps of placing entrance and exit tunnels 12 and exhaust tunnels 13 around a building 101 where the fire occurred, forming a space 102 by covering the building 101 with a non-combustible sheet 11, connecting the space 102 to the outside using the entrance and exit tunnels 12, connecting the space 102 to the outside using the exhaust tunnels 13, and supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the space 102.

[0034] A fire containment method using the fire containment unit 10 will be specifically described below. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, when a fire 104 breaks out in a building 101 in step S11, it is confirmed in step S12 whether or not there are people (survivors) inside or near the building 101. It is desirable to confirm the presence or absence of people in the building 101 by taking into consideration information from residents of the building 101 and people in the neighborhood. However, it is also possible to fly a surveillance drone 25, have the surveillance drone 25 enter the building 101, and make a determination based on images captured by a camera 27 attached to the surveillance drone 25.

[0035] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 , in step S13, an entrance / exit tunnel 12 is arranged around the building 101, and in step S14, a discharge tunnel 13 is arranged around the building 101. At this time, a suction device 15 is arranged in the discharge tunnel 13. Note that the entrance / exit tunnel 12 and the discharge tunnel 13 are preferably positioned apart from each other. Then, in step S15, a non-combustible sheet 11 is prepared, multiple transport drones 21 are connected to the non-combustible sheet 11, the multiple transport drones 21 are flown, and the multiple transport drones 21 raise and lift the non-combustible sheet 11. The multiple transport drones 21 then move the non-combustible sheet 11 above the building 101, and the non-combustible sheet 11 is lowered, thereby covering the building 101 with the non-combustible sheet 11.

[0036] 1, the bottom of the non-combustible sheet 11 lands on the ground 103, forming a space 102 between the non-combustible sheet 11 and the building 101. In addition, the entrance / exit tunnel 12 connects the space 102 to the outside, and the discharge tunnel 13 connects the space 102 to the outside.

[0037] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , in step S16, the transport robot 22 equipped with the fire extinguishant supply device 14 is caused to travel, and the transport robot 22 is caused to enter the inside of the non-combustible sheet 11 from the entrance / exit tunnel 12, and the fire extinguishant supply device 14 is transported to the space 102. However, the transport robot 22 equipped with the fire extinguishant supply device 14 may be moved to a position that will become the space 102 before the non-combustible sheet 11 is installed. In step S17, the monitoring drone 25 equipped with the monitoring device 26 is flown, and the monitoring drone 25 is caused to enter the inside of the non-combustible sheet 11 from the entrance / exit tunnel 12, and the monitoring device 26 is transported to the space 102. Then, the opening / closing door 12b of the entrance / exit tunnel 12 is closed. However, the monitoring drone 25 may be moved to a position that will become the space 102 before the non-combustible sheet 11 is installed. Also, the monitoring device 26 does not have to be provided.

[0038] In step S18, the transfer robot 22 opens the extinguishant cylinder serving as the extinguishant supply device 14 and supplies the extinguishant to the space 102. At the same time, in step S19, the suction device 15 is activated to discharge the gas in the space 102 to the outside. However, this step may be omitted depending on the installation and operation status of the suction device 15. In step S20, the control unit 31 determines whether or not there is an occupant inside the space 102 (building 101). Here, if the control unit 31 determines that there is an occupant inside the space 102 (building 101) (Yes), then in step S21, the control unit 31 sets the oxygen concentration setting value for the space 102 to a range from 12% to 15%. On the other hand, if the control unit 31 determines that there is no occupant inside the space 102 (building 101) (No), then in step S22, the control unit 31 sets the oxygen concentration setting value for the space 102 to 15% or less.

[0039] In step S23, the oxygen concentration sensor 28 in the monitoring device 26 measures the oxygen concentration in the space 102 and outputs the result to the control unit 31. In step S24, the control unit 31 adjusts the amount of extinguishant supplied by the extinguishant supply device 14 based on the oxygen concentration in the space 102. That is, when the space 102 is occupied, the amount of extinguishant supplied is adjusted so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is in the range of 12% to 15%. On the other hand, when the space 102 is unoccupied, the amount of nitrogen gas supplied is adjusted so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. However, even when the space 102 is occupied, once rescue is completed, the amount of extinguishant supplied is adjusted so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. Note that rescue operations are a top priority and are therefore carried out at any time when the operation is possible, regardless of the flowchart shown in FIG. 3.

[0040] In the space 102 formed by the non-combustible sheet 11, the oxygen concentration decreases due to the fire extinguishing agent supplied by the fire extinguishing agent supply device 14. The oxygen concentration also decreases due to combustion accompanying the fire. When the oxygen concentration decreases below approximately 15%, it reaches the combustion limit of the fire 104, and combustion is suppressed and the fire is extinguished. If the space 102 is occupied, maintaining the oxygen concentration in the space 102 in the range of 12% to 15% reduces health damage to people remaining in the space 102. On the other hand, if the space 102 is unoccupied, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 drops to 15% or below, allowing the fire 104 in the building 101 to be contained quickly.

[0041] In step S25, the temperature sensor 29 in the monitoring device 26 measures the temperature of the building 101 (space 102) and outputs the measured temperature to the control unit 31. In step S26, the control unit 31 determines whether to extinguish the fire 104 based on the temperature of the building 101 (space 102), etc. That is, the control unit 31 determines that the fire is still spreading to the building 101 by determining that the temperature of the building 101 is higher than a preset extinguishing temperature (No), and returns to step S20 to continue processing. Also, if rescue from the space 102 has not been completed and there is still someone present, the control unit 31 returns to step S20 to continue processing.

[0042] On the other hand, if the control unit 31 determines that the fire in the building 101 has been extinguished (Yes) and rescue is complete, in step S27, it stops the supply of extinguishing agent by the extinguishing agent supply device 14. In addition, in step S28, it stops the exhaust of gas from the space 102 by the suction device 15. Then, in step S29, various pieces of equipment such as the non-combustible sheet 11, entrance / exit tunnel 12, exhaust tunnel 13, extinguishing agent supply device 14, and suction device 15 are put away.

[0043] [Effects of this embodiment] The fire containment method according to the first aspect includes the steps of arranging entrance / exit tunnels 12 and exhaust tunnels 13 around a building 101 where the fire occurred, forming a space 102 by covering the building 101 with a non-combustible sheet 11, connecting the space 102 to the outside using the entrance / exit tunnels 12, connecting the space 102 to the outside using the exhaust tunnels 13, and supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the space 102.

[0044] According to the fire extinguishing method of the first aspect, a space 102 is formed by covering a building 101 with a non-combustible sheet 11, various devices are carried into the space 102 using an entrance tunnel 12, a fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the space 102, and gas in the space 102 is exhausted from an exhaust tunnel 13. Therefore, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 decreases, and the fire 104 in the building 101 is extinguished quickly. As a result, the fire 104 in the building 101 can be extinguished quickly.

[0045] The fire extinguishing method according to the second aspect is the fire extinguishing method according to the first aspect, further comprising: when the space 102 is occupied, adjusting the amount of extinguishing agent supplied so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is in the range of 12% to 15%, and when the space 102 is unoccupied, adjusting the amount of extinguishing agent supplied so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. As a result, when the space 102 is occupied, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is maintained in the range of 12% to 15%, thereby suppressing health damage to people left in the space 102, while when the space 102 is unoccupied, keeping the oxygen concentration in the space 102 at 15% or less allows the fire 104 in the building 101 to be extinguished quickly.

[0046] The fire extinguishing method according to the third aspect is the fire extinguishing method according to the second aspect, and further comprises: when supplying the fire extinguishing agent to the space 102, the gas in the space 102 is sucked to the outside through the exhaust tunnel 13. This allows the oxygen concentration in the space 102 to be reduced to an appropriate value quickly.

[0047] The fire extinguishing method according to the fourth aspect is a fire extinguishing method according to any one of the first to third aspects, and further comprises transporting a non-combustible sheet 11 by a transport drone (unmanned transport aircraft) 21 to cover a building 101, thereby forming a space 102. This eliminates the need to prepare and install large heavy machinery for transporting the non-combustible sheet 11 or covering the building 101, thereby reducing the work cost and time required for the work.

[0048] A fire extinguishing method according to a fifth aspect is a fire extinguishing method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising: a non-combustible sheet 11 having a cylindrical shape with an open bottom and a closed top. This allows the non-combustible sheet 11 to efficiently cover the building 101. However, the shape of the non-combustible sheet 11 is not limited to this.

[0049] A fire extinguishing method according to a sixth aspect is a fire extinguishing method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising a transport robot (unmanned transport vehicle) 22 carrying a fire extinguishing agent cylinder, moving from the outside to the space 102 through the entrance / exit tunnel 12, and opening the fire extinguishing agent cylinder to supply the fire extinguishing agent to the space 102. This eliminates the need for large equipment such as a fire engine for supplying the fire extinguishing agent to the space 102, thereby reducing operating costs.

[0050] A fire extinguishing method according to a seventh aspect is a fire extinguishing method according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, further comprising: attaching an oxygen concentration sensor 28 to a surveillance drone (surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle) 25; moving the drone from the outside to the space 102 through the entrance / exit tunnel 12; measuring the oxygen concentration in the space 102 with the oxygen concentration sensor 28 and transmitting the measured value to the outside; thereby making it possible to obtain environmental information about a dangerous area that is off-limits to humans from the outside, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0051] The fire extinguishing unit according to the eighth aspect includes a non-combustible sheet 11 capable of forming a space 102 by covering a building 101, which is the site of a fire outbreak; an entrance / exit tunnel 12 that connects the space 102 to the outside and allows various devices to move between the outside and the space 102; a discharge tunnel 13 that connects the space 102 to the outside and allows gas in the space 102 to be discharged to the outside; and a fire extinguishing agent supply device 14 that can supply a fire extinguishing agent to the space 102. As a result, the space 102 is formed by covering the building 101 with the non-combustible sheet 11, various devices are carried into the space 102 using the entrance / exit tunnel 12, and a fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the space 102, while the gas in the space 102 is discharged from the discharge tunnel 13. Therefore, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 decreases, and the fire 104 in the building 101 is extinguished quickly. As a result, the fire 104 in the building 101 can be contained quickly.

[0052] According to the fire extinguishing unit of the eighth aspect, a space 102 is formed by covering a building 101 with a non-combustible sheet 11, various devices are carried into the space 102 using an entrance tunnel 12, a fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the space 102 by a fire extinguishing agent supply device 14, and gas in the space 102 is exhausted from a discharge tunnel 13. Therefore, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 decreases, and the fire 104 in the building 101 is extinguished quickly. As a result, the fire 104 in the building 101 can be extinguished quickly.

[0053] A fire extinguishing unit according to a ninth aspect is the fire extinguishing unit according to the eighth aspect, further comprising an oxygen concentration sensor 28 that measures the oxygen concentration in the space 102 and a control unit 31 that adjusts and controls the amount of extinguishing agent supplied by the extinguishant supply device 14 based on the oxygen concentration in the space 102. When the space 102 is occupied, the control unit 31 controls the extinguishant supply device 14 so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is in the range of 12% to 15%, and when the space 102 is unoccupied, the control unit 31 controls the extinguishant supply device 14 so that the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is 15% or less. As a result, when the space 102 is occupied, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is maintained in the range of 12% to 15%, thereby reducing health damage to people left in the space 102, and when the space 102 is unoccupied, the oxygen concentration in the space 102 is kept at 15% or less, thereby enabling the fire 104 in the building 101 to be extinguished quickly.

[0054] The fire extinguishing unit according to the tenth aspect is the fire extinguishing unit according to the eighth or ninth aspect, and further includes a suction device 15 that exhausts gas in the space 102 to the outside through an exhaust tunnel 13. This allows the oxygen concentration in the space 102 to be reduced to an appropriate value quickly. [Explanation of symbols]

[0055] 10 Fire containment unit 11 Non-flammable sheet 12 Entrance / Exit Tunnel 13 Discharge Tunnel 14 Fire extinguishing agent supply device 15 Suction device 21 Transport drones (unmanned aerial vehicles) 22 Transport robot (unmanned transport vehicle) 23 Vacuum pump 24 Discharge hose 25 Surveillance drones (unmanned aerial vehicles for surveillance) 26 Surveillance equipment 27 Camera 28 Oxygen concentration sensor 29 Temperature Sensor 31 Control Unit 32 Operation section 33 Display section Building 101 102 Space section 103 Ground 104 Fire

Claims

1. A fire containment method for covering and extinguishing a fire site, comprising: a step of arranging an entrance tunnel for carrying a fire extinguishing agent supply device into the covered space and an exhaust tunnel for exhausting gas from the space around the fire site; a step of lifting a cylindrical non-combustible sheet with a roof by a transport unmanned aerial vehicle or a crane and transporting it to the fire site; a process of lowering the non-combustible sheet using the transport unmanned aerial vehicle or the crane to land the lower part on the ground and maintaining the cylindrical shape of the non-combustible sheet to cover the fire site with the non-combustible sheet and form a space, thereby connecting the outside to the space through the entrance / exit tunnel and connecting the space to the outside through the discharge tunnel; supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the space using the fire extinguishing agent supply device carried in through the entrance tunnel; A fire containment method comprising:

2. controlling the amount of extinguishant supplied by the extinguishant supply device so that the oxygen concentration in the space is in the range of 12% to 15% when the space is occupied, and so that the oxygen concentration in the space is 15% or less when the space is unoccupied; A fire containment method according to claim 1.

3. When supplying the fire extinguishing agent to the space, the gas in the space is discharged to the outside through the discharge tunnel by a suction device. The fire containment method according to claim 2.

4. the fire extinguishant supply device is an unmanned transport vehicle equipped with a fire extinguishant cylinder, moves from the outside to the space through the entrance / exit tunnel, and opens the fire extinguishant cylinder to supply the fire extinguishant to the space. A fire containment method according to claim 1.

5. An oxygen concentration sensor is attached to a monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, which moves from the outside to the space through the entrance / exit tunnel, measures the oxygen concentration in the space using the oxygen concentration sensor, and transmits the measured oxygen concentration to the outside. A fire containment method according to claim 1.

6. A cylindrical non-combustible sheet with a roof that can form a space by covering the fire site; a transport unmanned aerial vehicle or a crane for lifting the non-combustible sheet and transporting it to the fire site, and for lowering the non-combustible sheet so that its lower part lands on the ground, thereby maintaining the cylindrical shape of the non-combustible sheet; a fire extinguishing agent supply device for supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the space; an entrance tunnel for carrying the fire extinguishing agent supply device into the space from the outside; an exhaust tunnel for exhausting gas from the space to the outside; A fire containment unit equipped with:

7. The fire extinguisher further includes an oxygen concentration sensor that measures the oxygen concentration in the space, and a control unit that adjusts and controls the amount of fire extinguishant supplied by the fire extinguisher supply device based on the oxygen concentration in the space, wherein the control unit controls the amount of fire extinguisher supplied by the fire extinguisher supply device so that the oxygen concentration in the space is in the range of 12% to 15% when the space is occupied, and so that the oxygen concentration in the space is 15% or less when the space is unoccupied.

7. The fire containment unit of claim 6.

8. Further provided is a suction device for discharging the gas in the space to the outside through the discharge tunnel.

8. A fire containment unit according to claim 6 or claim 7.

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