Orthodontic appliances with non-sliding arch configuration

Abstract

A system of orthodontic brackets and archforms using frictionless mechanisms is disclosed. The archforms may have male detents that can be retained in the orthodontic brackets. The orthodontic brackets may have various locking mechanisms, such as deflectable tabs, springs, locking pins, and others, that can cooperate with features on the male detents to prevent slippage between the archforms and the brackets.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 037,974, filed June 11, 2020, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 148,263, filed February 11, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 160,222, filed March 12, 2021, which are incorporated by reference in their entireties. Any foreign or domestic priority claims are identified in the Application Data Sheet for this application, which is incorporated by reference herein under 37 CFR § 1.57.

[0002] The present invention, in some aspects, relates to orthodontic appliances including orthodontic brackets and non-sliding arch forms. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic brackets can include slots that can receive arch-form male fasteners. The orthodontic brackets can include stops that can be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket and can prevent movement of the male fastener in a gingival direction. The orthodontic brackets can include retainers that can be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket and can prevent movement of the male fastener in an occlusal, mesial, and / or distal direction. The retainers can include locking pins that can be deflected to facilitate insertion or removal of the male fastener into or from the slot.

[0004] In some variations, the stop may include a protrusion that can retain the male fastener within the slot.

[0005] In some variations, the retainer may comprise walls that may be positioned on the mesial and distal sides of the orthodontic bracket.

[0006] In some variations, the locking pin may have a fixed end in one of the walls of the retainer and a free end that may be movably positioned in an opening in the other wall of the retainer, the free end being deflectable in the mating direction to position or remove the male fastener therefrom beneath.

[0007] In some variations, the opening in the wall of the retainer may comprise a locking portion that can hold the free end of the locking pin in itself when the male fastener is placed under the locking pin.

[0008] In some variations, the bracket may include a face and a protrusion that can extend away from the face and press a male detent against the retainer and locking pin to prevent slippage between the dental arch form and the bracket.

[0009] In some variations, the male fastener may include arms configured to bend under load.

[0010] In some variations, the male fastening portion may include a space separating the arms.

[0011] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include a block extending into the space between the arms. The block can prevent excessive strain on the arms.

[0012] In some variations, the dental arch form may include an interdental loop on the side opposite the male fastener.

[0013] In some variations, the male fastener may include a tab that can be positioned under the locking pin.

[0014] In some variations, the male fastener may include a groove that can interact with a tool for insertion and removal of the male fastener into and from the slot in the bracket.

[0015] In some variations, methods for bonding dental arch forms to brackets are disclosed herein. The method may include angling a male fastener of the dental arch form relative to a face of the bracket. The method may include inserting a portion of the male fastener into a slot in the bracket against a stop located on the gingival side of the bracket. The method may include positioning a tab portion of the male fastener onto a locking pin supported by a retainer located on the occlusal side of the bracket. The method may include inserting a tool between the locking pin and a groove located on the tab of the male fastener. The method may include rotating the tool toward the stop on the bracket so that the locking pin distorts to allow the tab portion of the male fastener to be positioned thereunder.

[0016] In some variations, the step of rotating the tool against the stop on the bracket rotates the male fastener against the face of the bracket.

[0017] In some variations, the step of rotating the tool against the stop on the bracket applies a force to a groove located in the tab, distorting the arms of the male fastener.

[0018] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic brackets can include slots that can receive arch-form male fasteners. The orthodontic brackets can include stops that can be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket and prevent movement of the male fastener in a gingival direction. The orthodontic brackets can include retainers that can be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket and prevent movement of the male fastener in an occlusal, mesial, and / or distal direction. The retainers can include C-shaped springs that can deflect to facilitate insertion or removal of the male fastener into or from the slot.

[0019] In some variations, the central axis of the C-spring extends in the mesial-distal direction.

[0020] In some variations, the end of the C-shaped spring can be fixedly positioned within the slot of the retainer, allowing the free end of the C-shaped spring to deflect freely.

[0021] In some variations, the free end of the C-shaped spring can hold the tab of the male clasp underneath.

[0022] In some variations, the retainer may include a groove that can provide access to the C-spring.

[0023] In some variations, the bracket may include a face and a protrusion that can extend away from the face and press the male detent against the free end of the C-shaped spring and the protruding portion of the stop.

[0024] In some variations, the male fastener may include arms that can bend under load.

[0025] In some variations, the male fastening portion may include a space separating the arms.

[0026] In some variations, the dental arch form may include an interdental loop on the side opposite the male fastener.

[0027] In some variations, the male fastener may include a groove that can interact with a tool for insertion and removal of the male fastener into and from the slot in the bracket.

[0028] In some variations, the bracket may include a protrusion that can press the male detent against the free end of the C-shaped spring and the protruding portion of the stop to reduce slippage between the dental arch form and the bracket.

[0029] In some variations, methods for bonding a dental arch form to a bracket are disclosed herein. The method may include angling a male fastener of the dental arch form relative to the face of the bracket. The method may include inserting a portion of the male fastener into a slot in the bracket so that it abuts against a stop located on the gingival side of the bracket. The method may include positioning a tab portion of the male fastener so that it abuts against a portion of a C-shaped spring located in a retainer on the occlusal side of the bracket. The method may include inserting a tool between a groove located on the tab of the male fastener and a groove located in the retainer so that the tool contacts the C-shaped spring. The method may include rotating the tool toward the stop on the bracket while pressing the tool against the C-shaped spring toward the face of the bracket so that a free end of the C-shaped spring distorts to allow the tab portion of the male fastener to be positioned beneath it.

[0030] In some variations, the step of rotating the tool against the stop on the bracket rotates the male fastener against the face of the bracket.

[0031] In some variations, the step of rotating the tool against the stop on the bracket applies a force to a groove located in the tab, distorting the arms of the male fastener.

[0032] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic brackets can include slots that can receive male fasteners on dental arch forms. The orthodontic brackets can include retention portions that can be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The retention portions can include C-shaped springs that can be deflected to facilitate retention of the male fasteners within the slots or removal of the male fasteners from the slots. The orthodontic brackets can include stops that can be positioned on the occlusal side of the brackets and prevent movement of the male fasteners in the occlusal direction.

[0033] In some variations, the C-shaped spring may be oriented perpendicular to the plane of the bracket.

[0034] In some variations, the C-shaped spring may be in an opening in the retainer that can facilitate bending of the C-shaped spring. The C-shaped spring may be retained in a guide.

[0035] In some variations, the opening can be oval in shape to prevent over-strain of the C-spring.

[0036] In some variations, a C-shaped spring can provide force to the male fastener to secure it within the slot in the bracket.

[0037] In some variations, the stop may include an undercut that can receive a portion of the male fastener. The C-shaped spring can apply a force to the male fastener to secure the portion of the male fastener within the undercut.

[0038] In some variations, a portion of the male fastener may be a wedge.

[0039] In some variations, the wedge may be formed by a water jet that cuts away the male fastener portion.

[0040] In some variations, the male fastener may include angled surfaces and / or recesses that allow the male fastener to be positioned at an angle within the slot.

[0041] In some variations, the male fastener may include a handle that can be grasped by pliers so that if the handle is damaged by the pliers, it will not adversely affect the performance of the dental arch form.

[0042] In some variations, the handle may include a hole that can receive a tool to manipulate the male fastener.

[0043] In some variations, the dental arch form may include an interdental loop on the side opposite the male fastener.

[0044] In some variations, a portion of the dental arch form adjacent the male fastener can interact with the mesial and distal sides of the bracket.

[0045] In some variations, a portion of the dental arch form adjacent the male fastener can prevent lateral slippage between the male fastener and the dental arch form.

[0046] In some variations, methods for connecting a dental arch form to a bracket are disclosed herein. In some variations, the method may include angling a male fastener of the dental arch form relative to a face of the bracket. The method may include inserting a portion of the male fastener into a slot in the bracket against a C-shaped spring disposed in a retainer. The retainer may be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The method may include applying a force to the male fastener so that the male fastener presses against the C-shaped spring, causing the C-shaped spring to bend. The method may include rotating the male fastener toward the face of the bracket. The method may include ceasing to apply the force to the male fastener so that the C-shaped spring presses a portion of the male fastener into a notch in a stop disposed on the occlusal side of the bracket, so that the male fastener is secured within the bracket.

[0047] In some variations, the method may include grasping a handle of the male fastener to manipulate the male fastener.

[0048] In some variations, the method may include inserting a tool into a hole in the handle of the male fastener to manipulate the male fastener.

[0049] In some variations, orthodontic arch forms are disclosed herein. The orthodontic arch form may include a plurality of bracket connectors that can be coupled to respective brackets. The orthodontic arch form may include a plurality of interdental structures between at least 50% of adjacent pairs of the plurality of bracket connectors. The plurality of interdental structures can distort when the bracket connectors are coupled to the respective brackets, thereby resulting in orthodontic tooth movement. The bracket connectors may include a plurality of posts joined by a central member and surrounding a void area. The central member may include a handle element extending away from the central member. The handle element can allow a tool to grasp the handle and insert the arch form into the respective brackets.

[0050] In some variations, the handle element may include an aperture.

[0051] In some variations, the interdental structures may comprise loops.

[0052] In some variations, the central segment may include a curved surface opposite the surface from which the handle elements extend.

[0053] In some variations, the handle element may be arcuate.

[0054] In some variations, at least two of the plurality of interdental structures may have different shapes.

[0055] In some variations, the dental arch form may be formed from a ribbon-shaped material.

[0056] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic bracket can include a passageway that can be positioned between a mesial wall and a distal wall of the bracket. The orthodontic bracket can include a slot that is at least partially formed by a stop positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The passageway can guide a male fastener into the slot. The orthodontic bracket can include a deformable tab positioned on a surface of the bracket. The deformable tab can interact with one or more surfaces of the male fastener on the dental arch form to secure the male fastener to the dental arch form.

[0057] In some variations, the stop may include a protrusion that can retain the male fastener within the slot.

[0058] In some variations, the stop has a recess and / or angled surface that allows the male fastener to be rotated within the slot during insertion and / or removal.

[0059] In some variations, the bracket can have two or more engagement stages so that the male fastener can be retained in the slot at different positions.

[0060] In some variations, the deformable tabs can engage different surfaces of the male fastener to hold the male fastener at various depths.

[0061] In some variations, the male fastener can be retained at various depths within the slot.

[0062] In some variations, methods of bonding a dental arch form to a bracket are disclosed herein. The method may include positioning a male fastener of the dental arch form on a face of the bracket between a mesial wall and a distal wall. The method may include advancing the male fastener toward a slot so that a tab located on the face of the bracket engages a guideway surface in the male fastener of the dental arch form to engage a retention surface so that the male fastener is securely held within the slot defined at least in part by a stop located on the gingival side of the bracket.

[0063] In some variations, the method may include engaging the male fastener with a wedge positioned on a protruding portion of the slot to secure the male fastener in the slot to eliminate and / or reduce play between the male fastener and the bracket.

[0064] In some variations, the method may include positioning the male clasp in one of a plurality of engagement stages, with the clinician selecting between the plurality of engagement stages based on desired tooth control.

[0065] In some variations, the method may include a method for decoupling the dental arch form from the bracket. In some variations, the method may include inserting a tool into a tool-receiving recess located on a face of the bracket and moving the tool generally in an occlusal direction through the tool-receiving passage of the male fastener of the dental arch form. The tool may be guided to engage a tab of the bracket and distort the tab away from the retention surface of the male fastener of the dental arch form so that the male fastener can be moved in the occlusal direction. The tool may engage a periphery of the tool-receiving passage to move the male fastener out of the slot of the bracket in the occlusal direction.

[0066] In some variations, disclosed herein are tools for installing or removing male fasteners on dental arch forms from brackets. The tool may include a shaft and a conical tip that can be positioned at the distal end of the shaft. The shaft and conical tip can apply equal and opposite forces to the male fasteners and brackets during installation and removal.

[0067] In some variations, disclosed herein are orthodontic bracket assemblies that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic bracket assembly can include a pad that can be bonded to the patient's teeth. The pad can include a pocket that can receive the bracket. The bracket can be bonded to the pad. The bracket can include a slot that can receive a male fastener on a dental arch form. The bracket can include a retainer that is positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The retainer can include a C-shaped spring that can be deflected to facilitate retention of the male fastener in the slot or removal of the male fastener from the slot. The bracket can include one or more stops that are positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket and can prevent movement of the male fastener in the occlusal direction.

[0068] In some variations, the pad may include an undercut that can be located on the opposite side of the pad from the pocket. The undercut can facilitate bonding the pad to the patient's teeth.

[0069] In some variations, the pad may include a filler material that may be used to laser weld the bracket to the pad.

[0070] In some variations, one or more of the stops may include a beveled surface that can contact the wedge of the male fastener when the male fastener is positioned in the slot of the bracket.

[0071] In some variations, one or more of the stops may include a notch that can receive at least a portion of a wedge of the male fastener.

[0072] In some variations, the pad may include a protrusion that can be inserted through an opening in the bracket and welded to the bracket.

[0073] In some variations, the bracket may include a protrusion disposed on a face of the bracket that can press the male fastener against the retaining portion to retain the male fastener in the slot of the bracket.

[0074] In some variations, the pad may be located on the side opposite the pocket and may include a ridge that can press the male fastener against the retainer.

[0075] In some variations, the pad may include a sloped surface configured to engage a portion of the male fastener to provide rotational control.

[0076] In some variations, the pad can angle the bracket so that, with the male fasteners held to the bracket, the male fasteners are angled relative to the surface of the patient's teeth.

[0077] In some variations, the male clasp may be angled 10 degrees relative to the surface of the patient's tooth while the male clasp is held in the bracket.

[0078] In some variations, the male clasp may be angled at a 5 degree angle relative to the surface of the patient's tooth while the male clasp is held in the bracket.

[0079] In some variations, the pads may be customized to fit the patient's teeth, and the brackets may not be customized.

[0080] In some variations, the arch form may include hooks that can interact with the elastic.

[0081] In some variations, the bracket may include features that can prevent the C-spring from deflecting beyond its elastic limit.

[0082] In some variations, the C-spring may be disposed about a guide that orients the C-spring and prevents it from straining beyond its elastic limit.

[0083] In some variations, a surface of the bracket may engage a surface of the male fastener to prevent strain beyond the elastic limit of the C-spring.

[0084] In some variations, a method for treating a malocclusion is disclosed herein. The method may include forming a customized pad on the patient's teeth. The method may include bonding the customized pad to the patient's teeth. The method may include bonding one of a plurality of first-style brackets to each of the customized pads bonded to the patient's mandibular anterior teeth. The method may include bonding one of a plurality of second-style brackets to each of the customized pads bonded to the patient's other teeth. The method may include bonding a male clasp of a dental arch form to each of the plurality of first-style brackets and the plurality of second-style brackets.

[0085] In some variations, the method may include forming hooks on the dental arch form for use with the elastic.

[0086] In some variations, coupling the arch-form male fastener to each of the plurality of first style brackets and the plurality of second style brackets may include grasping the handle of the male fastener with forceps, positioning a portion of the male fastener opposite the handle against an elliptical spring on the bracket so that the male fastener is angled relative to the bracket, grasping the occlusal surface of the male fastener and the gingival surface of the bracket between the forceps, squeezing the forceps to press the male fastener against the elliptical spring on the bracket so that the elliptical spring is distorted, rotating the male fastener toward the bracket, and / or releasing the forceps to cause the elliptical spring to press the male fastener under and against a stop on the bracket to hold the male fastener firmly on the bracket.

[0087] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be placed on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic brackets can include slots that can receive arch-form male fasteners. The orthodontic brackets can include a retainer that can be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The retainer can include a C-shaped spring that can be deflected to facilitate retention of the male fastener in the slot or removal of the male fastener from the slot, and a protrusion that can engage with an installation tool. The retainer can include one or more stops that can be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket and prevent movement of the male fastener in the occlusal direction.

[0088] In some variations, the orthodontic brackets may include undercuts that can facilitate bonding the brackets to the patient's teeth.

[0089] In some variations, one or more of the stops may include a beveled surface that can contact the wedge of the male fastener when the male fastener is positioned in the slot of the bracket.

[0090] In some variations, one or more of the stops may include a notch that can receive at least a portion of the male fastening portion.

[0091] In some variations, the bracket may include a protrusion that can be positioned on a face of the bracket and that can press the male fastener against a retaining portion to retain the male fastener in the slot of the bracket.

[0092] In some variations, the dental arch form may include interdental loops configured to interact with the elastic.

[0093] In some variations, the arch form may include a tongue that can be positioned between one or more stops on the bracket.

[0094] In some variations, the arch form may include two arms that can engage the mesial and distal sides of the retainer of the bracket.

[0095] In some variations, the arch forms may include curvatures that can engage with retainers of brackets to provide rotational control of the patient's teeth.

[0096] In some variations, dental arch forms configured to be placed around at least a portion of a dental arch in a patient's mouth are disclosed herein. The dental arch forms may include a plurality of male fasteners that can be positioned within brackets placed on the patient's teeth. The male fasteners may include a lingual portion configured to be placed between stops on the brackets and two arms located on the mesial and distal sides of the male fasteners and extending in a direction opposite the lingual portion. The two arms can engage with features on the brackets to secure the male fasteners to the brackets. The dental arch forms may include a plurality of interdental loops. The interdental loops may be positioned between adjacent male fasteners of the plurality of male fasteners.

[0097] In some variations, the dental arch form may include curvatures located mesial and distal to the male clasp.

[0098] In some variations, the two arms may each include a flange that can extend inward to engage a feature on the bracket.

[0099] In some variations, the dental arch form may include one or more symbols placed in the interdental loops.

[0100] In some variations, the symbols may be letters configured to convey a message.

[0101] Disclosed herein are orthodontic appliances that can be positioned around at least a portion of a dental arch of a patient's mouth. In some variations, the orthodontic appliance can include a dental arch form that can include a plurality of male fasteners that can be coupled to each of the patient's teeth and an interdental loop. The interdental loop can be positioned between adjacent male fasteners. The orthodontic appliance can include a mounting pad that can be positioned between one of the plurality of male fasteners and each of the patient's teeth. The mounting pad can include a first adhesive surface and a second adhesive surface. The first adhesive surface can be adhered to one of the plurality of male fasteners, and the second adhesive surface can be adhered to each of the patient's teeth such that the male fastener can be coupled to each of the patient's teeth.

[0102] In some variations, the orthodontic appliance may include a protective layer that may be removably positioned on the second adhesive surface to protect the second adhesive surface from contamination prior to placement of the orthodontic appliance around at least a portion of the dental arch in the patient's mouth.

[0103] In some variations, the adhesive bond between the second adhesive surface of the mounting pad and one of the patient's respective teeth can be caused to break when the mounting pad is pulled.

[0104] In some variations, the adhesive bond between the second adhesive surface of the mounting pad and one of the patient's respective teeth can be broken when the mounting pad is pulled in a lingual direction.

[0105] In some variations, the adhesive bond between the second adhesive surface of the mounting pad and one of the patient's respective teeth can be broken when the mounting pad is pulled in a direction parallel to the surface of one of the respective teeth.

[0106] In some variations, a portion of the mounting pad can extend beyond the perimeter of the male fastener, that portion being configured to be tensioned.

[0107] In some variations, a portion of the mounting pad may include a hole that can interact with a tool to facilitate tensioning of the mounting pad.

[0108] In some variations, the arch forms may include symbols that can be seen by an observer after placement in the patient's mouth.

[0109] In some variations, the orthodontic appliance may include caps that can be bonded to the labial surfaces of the patient's teeth to hide the features of the orthodontic appliance.

[0110] In some variations, the adhesive on the second adhesive surface of the wearing pad may include a whitening solution for whitening the patient's teeth.

[0111] In some variations, the cap may be adhesively adhered to the labial surface of the tooth. The adhesive may include a whitening solution to whiten the patient's teeth.

[0112] In some variations, the orthodontic appliance may include a dissolvable tray that can hold the dental arch forms in a configuration for placement in the patient's mouth. The dissolvable tray can be dissolved after the dental arch forms have been placed in the patient's mouth.

[0113] In some variations, the dental arch form may be created based on a 3D scan of the patient's mouth, which may be performed by a handheld device.

[0114] In some variations, a device configured to operably couple to a user's portable device facilitates performing the 3D scan.

[0115] In some variations, the dental arch form can become malleable when exposed to temperatures below or above body temperature. The estimated body temperature can be a single temperature or a range of temperatures (e.g., upper and lower limits). For example, in some variations, the dental arch form can become malleable at and / or above 99°F, 100°F, 101°F, 102°F, or higher. In some variations, the dental arch form can become malleable at and / or below 97°F, 96°F, 95°F, or lower temperatures.

[0116] In some variations, disclosed herein are methods for installing orthodontic appliances configured to be positioned around at least a portion of a dental arch in a patient's mouth. The method may include removing a protective layer to expose an adhesive surface of a mounting pad. The mounting pad may be coupled to one of a plurality of male fasteners on the dental arch form. The method may include positioning the adhesive surface of the mounting pad against the patient's tooth surfaces so that the adhesive surface adheres to the patient's tooth surfaces.

[0117] In some variations, the method may include inserting the dental arch form into the patient's mouth with the dental arch form on a dissolvable tray that can hold the dental arch form in a configuration for installation.

[0118] In some variations, the method may include rinsing the patient's mouth with a liquid to dissolve the soluble tray.

[0119] In some variations, the method may include adhering caps to the labial surfaces of the patient's teeth to hide features of the dental arch form.

[0120] In some variations, the method may be performed by the patient.

[0121] In some variations, a method for manufacturing a dental arch form is disclosed herein. The method may include performing a 3D scan of a patient's mouth with a patient-portable device. The method may include transmitting data from the 3D scan of the patient's mouth to a data center of an orthodontic appliance designer. The method may include creating a dental arch form based on the data from the 3D scan of the patient's mouth. The dental arch form may be shaped to correspond to a malocclusion condition of the patient's teeth. The dental arch form may move the patient's teeth from one malocclusion condition to another.

[0122] In some variations, the method may include placing the dental arch forms in a dissolvable tray that can maintain the dental arch forms in a manner that corresponds to the malocclusion. The dissolvable tray can be dissolved in a liquid.

[0123] In some variations, the method may include adhering a mounting pad to the male fasteners of the dental arch form. The mounting pad may include an adhesive surface that can be adhered to the surfaces of the patient's teeth.

[0124] In some variations, the method may include covering the adhesive surface with a removable protective layer.

[0125] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets that can be positioned on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic bracket can have a slot that can receive a dental arch-form connector so that the connector does not slip relative to the orthodontic bracket in a mesial-distal direction. The orthodontic bracket can have a stop that can be positioned on the occlusal side of the slot and can prevent movement of the connector in at least the occlusal direction. The orthodontic bracket can have a retention portion that can be positioned on the gingival side of the slot and can prevent movement of the connector in at least the gingival direction. The retention portion can include a spring that can be deflected to facilitate insertion or removal of the connector into or from the slot. The spring can apply a force to the connector to lock it within the bracket slot.

[0126] In some variations, the spring is a C-spring.

[0127] In some variations, the spring may be disposed within the opening of the retainer.

[0128] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include two stops located on the occlusal side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap. In some variations, the gap can receive a tab of a connector.

[0129] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include a protrusion that can be positioned on a surface of the bracket, and the protrusion can press the connector against the protrusion of the retainer.

[0130] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include a bevel that can be positioned on the face of the bracket, which can press the connector against the protruding portion of the stop.

[0131] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include a textured surface that can be bonded to the surface of the tooth.

[0132] In some variations, the orthodontic bracket may include lateral wings extending in the mesial-distal direction, which can be bonded to the surface of the tooth to facilitate rotational control.

[0133] In some variations, an orthodontic appliance is disclosed herein. The orthodontic appliance may include a plurality of orthodontic brackets. Each of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may be positioned on a patient's teeth. Each orthodontic bracket may include a slot, a stop disposed on the occlusal side of the slot, and / or a retainer disposed on the gingival side of the slot. The retainer may have a spring. The orthodontic appliance may include a dental arch form capable of moving the patient's teeth from a first position to a second position. The dental arch form may include a plurality of connectors. Each of the plurality of connectors may be positioned in the slot between the stop and the retainer of one of the plurality of orthodontic brackets such that the spring applies a force to the connector to press the connector against the stop and secure at least a portion of the connector behind the stop and the retainer in a locked configuration. The dental arch form may include a plurality of interdental structures. At least one of the plurality of interdental structures may be positioned between at least some adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors. The plurality of connectors, when in a locked configuration within the slots of the plurality of orthodontic brackets, do not slide in a mesial-distal direction relative to the plurality of orthodontic brackets. The plurality of interdental structures can apply a force to adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors to move one or more teeth of the patient.

[0134] In some variations, the spring is a C-spring.

[0135] In some variations, the spring is disposed within the opening of the retainer.

[0136] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include two stops disposed on the occlusal side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap.

[0137] In some variations, the gap can receive a tab of one of the connectors.

[0138] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a protrusion positionable on a surface thereof, the protrusion capable of pressing a connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the retainer.

[0139] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a beveled surface that can be disposed on a surface thereof, the beveled surface capable of pressing a connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the stop.

[0140] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a textured surface capable of bonding to a tooth surface.

[0141] In some variations, at least one orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include lateral wings extendable in a mesial-distal direction, the lateral wings being bondable to a tooth surface to facilitate rotational control.

[0142] In some variations, at least one connector of the plurality of connectors may include a pair of arms capable of grasping the mesial and distal sides of the retainer.

[0143] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include two stops that may be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap. Each connector of the plurality of connectors may include a tab that may be positioned in the gap.

[0144] In some variations, the tabs may include grooves that can contact a tool to facilitate insertion and / or removal of the multiple connectors into and / or from the slots of the multiple orthodontic brackets.

[0145] In some variations, the stiffness of the interdental structures can be greater at the distal ends of the arch form compared to the central portion.

[0146] In some variations, the plurality of interdental structures may comprise interdental loops.

[0147] In some variations, the dental arch form may be formed from a thin sheet of material.

[0148] In some variations, opposite sides of the dental arch form may be parallel to each other.

[0149] In some variations, a method for connecting a dental arch form to a bracket is disclosed herein. The method may include angling a connector of the dental arch form relative to a face of the bracket. The method may include inserting a portion of the connector into a slot in the bracket against a C-shaped spring disposed in a retainer. The retainer may be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket. The method may include applying a force to the connector such that the connector presses against the C-shaped spring, causing the C-shaped spring to bend. The method may include rotating the connector toward the face of the bracket. The method may include ceasing to apply the force to the connector such that the C-shaped spring presses a portion of the connector against a stop on the bracket, such that the connector is secured under the stop and at least a portion of the retainer.

[0150] In some variations, a method for moving a patient's teeth is disclosed herein. The method may include bonding one or more brackets to the patient's teeth. The method may include coupling a first dental arch form to the one or more brackets. The first dental arch form may have a plurality of first interdental loops. A first interdental loop of the plurality of first interdental loops may have a first width. The method may include decoupling the first dental arch form from the one or more brackets. The method may include coupling a second dental arch form to the one or more brackets. The second dental arch form may have a plurality of second interdental loops corresponding to the plurality of first interdental loops. A second interdental loop of the plurality of second interdental loops corresponding to the first interdental loops may have a second width that may be greater than the first width.

[0151] In some variations, the method may include the step of cutting the first and second arch forms from a flat sheet of material.

[0152] Disclosed herein, in some variations, are orthodontic brackets configured for placement on a patient's teeth. The orthodontic bracket may include a slot capable of receiving a dental arch-form connector such that the connector does not slip relative to the orthodontic bracket in a mesial-distal direction. The orthodontic bracket may include a stop disposed on a first side of the slot capable of preventing movement of the connector in at least a first direction. The orthodontic bracket may include a retainer disposed on a second side of the slot capable of preventing movement of the connector in at least a second direction. The retainer may include a spring capable of being deflected to facilitate insertion or removal of the connector into or from the slot. The spring may apply a force to the connector to lock the connector within the bracket slot.

[0153] In some variations, the spring is a C-spring.

[0154] In some variations, the spring may be disposed within the opening of the retainer.

[0155] In some variations, the bracket may include two stops disposed on a second side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap.

[0156] In some variations, the gap can receive a tab on the connector.

[0157] In some variations, the bracket may include a protrusion disposed on a face of the bracket, the protrusion being capable of pressing the connector against the protrusion of the retainer.

[0158] In some variations, the bracket may include a bevel that can be located on a face of the bracket, which can press the connector against a protrusion on the stop.

[0159] In some variations, the brackets may include a textured surface that can bond to the surface of the tooth.

[0160] In some variations, the bracket may include lateral wings extending in the mesial-distal direction, which can be bonded to the tooth surface to facilitate rotational control.

[0161] In some variations, an orthodontic appliance is disclosed herein. The orthodontic appliance may include a plurality of orthodontic brackets. Each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may be positioned on a patient's teeth. Each orthodontic bracket may include a slot. Each orthodontic bracket may include a stop disposed on a first side of the slot. Each orthodontic bracket may include a retainer disposed on a second side of the slot. The retainer may include a spring. The orthodontic appliance may include a dental arch form capable of moving the patient's teeth from a first position to a second position. The dental arch form may include a plurality of connectors. Each connector of the plurality of connectors may be positioned in the slot between the stop and the retainer of one of the orthodontic brackets of the plurality of orthodontic brackets such that the spring applies a force to the connector to press the connector against the stop and secure at least a portion of the connector behind the stop and the retainer in a locked configuration. The dental arch form may include a plurality of interdental structures. At least one interdental structure of the plurality of interdental structures can be positioned between at least some adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors. The plurality of connectors can be prevented from sliding in a mesial-distal direction relative to the plurality of orthodontic brackets when in a locked configuration within the slots of the plurality of orthodontic brackets. The plurality of interdental structures can apply a force to adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors to move one or more teeth of the patient.

[0162] In some variations, the spring may be a C-spring.

[0163] In some variations, the spring may be disposed within the opening of the retainer.

[0164] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include two stops that may be located on a second side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap.

[0165] In some variations, the gap can receive a tab of one of the connectors.

[0166] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a protrusion disposed on a surface thereof, the protrusion capable of pressing a connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the retainer.

[0167] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a beveled surface that can be disposed on a surface thereof, the beveled surface capable of pressing a connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the stop.

[0168] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include a textured surface capable of bonding to a tooth surface.

[0169] In some variations, at least one orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include lateral wings extendable in a mesial-distal direction, the lateral wings being bondable to a tooth surface to facilitate rotational control.

[0170] In some variations, at least one connector of the plurality of connectors may include a pair of arms configured to grip mesial and distal sides of the retainer.

[0171] In some variations, each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets may include two stops disposed on a second side of the bracket. The two stops may be separated by a gap. Each connector of the plurality of connectors may include a tab that can be disposed in the gap.

[0172] In some variations, the tabs may include grooves that can contact a tool to facilitate insertion and / or removal of the multiple connectors into and / or from the slots of the multiple orthodontic brackets.

[0173] In some variations, the stiffness of the interdental structures can be greater at the distal ends of the arch form compared to the central portion.

[0174] In some variations, the plurality of interdental structures may comprise interdental loops.

[0175] In some variations, the dental arch form may be formed from a thin sheet of material.

[0176] In some variations, opposite sides of the dental arch form are parallel to each other.

[0177] In some variations, a method for connecting a dental arch form to a bracket is disclosed herein. The method may include angling a connector of the dental arch form relative to a face of the bracket. The method may include inserting a portion of the connector into a slot in the bracket against a C-shaped spring disposed in a retainer. The retainer may be positioned on a first side of the bracket. The method may include applying a force to the connector such that the connector presses against the C-shaped spring, causing the C-shaped spring to bend. The method may include rotating the connector toward the face of the bracket. The method may include ceasing to apply the force to the connector such that the C-shaped spring presses a portion of the connector against a stop on the bracket, such that the connector is secured under the stop and at least a portion of the retainer.

[0178] In some variations, a method for moving a patient's teeth is disclosed herein. The method may include bonding one or more brackets to the patient's teeth. The method may include coupling a first dental arch form to the one or more brackets. The first dental arch form may have a plurality of first interdental loops. A first interdental loop of the plurality of first interdental loops may have a first width. The method may include decoupling the first dental arch form from the one or more brackets. The method may include coupling a second dental arch form to the one or more brackets. The second dental arch form has a plurality of second interdental loops corresponding to the plurality of first interdental loops. A second interdental loop of the plurality of second interdental loops corresponding to the first interdental loops may have a second width. The second width may be greater than the first width.

[0179] In some variations, the method may include the step of cutting the first and second arch forms from a flat sheet of material.

[0180] These drawings are exemplary embodiments and do not represent all possible embodiments of the invention. The illustrated embodiments are intended to illustrate the scope of protection, rather than to limit it. Various features of the different disclosed embodiments can be combined to form further embodiments that are part of this disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0181] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is another view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 1A. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2B is another view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A. [Figure 2C] 2B is a cross-sectional view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A. [Figure 2D]FIG. 2B is a side view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A. [Figure 2E] FIG. 2B is a diagram of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A bonded together with a tool. [Figure 2F] FIG. 2B is a diagram of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A bonded together with a tool. [Figure 2G] FIG. 2B is a diagram of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A bonded together with a tool. [Figure 2H] FIG. 2B is a view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A decoupled from the tool. [Figure 2I] FIG. 2B is a view of the dental arch form and brackets of FIG. 2A decoupled from the tool. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 3B] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch forms held in brackets. [Figure 6A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dental arch configuration with brackets. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is a diagram of the dental arch form bonded in the brackets of FIG. 6A. [Figure 6C] FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6B. [Figure 6D] FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6B. [Figure 6E] FIG. 6B is a diagram of a tool for bending the spring in the bracket of FIG. 6A. [Figure 7A] FIG. [Figure 7B] FIG. 7B is a view of the bracket of FIG. 7A for retaining a dental arch form. [Figure 7C] FIG. 7B is another view of FIG. 7B. [Figure 7D] FIG. 7C is a diagram of a dental arch form being inserted into the bracket of FIG. 7B. [Figure 7E] FIG. 7C is a side view of FIG. 7B. [Figure 7F]This is a diagram of Figure 7B. [Figure 7G] 10 is a diagram of the bracket and the male fastener in the form of an arch for the mandibular anterior bracket. FIG. [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dental arch form positioned within a bracket. [Figure 8B] FIG. 8B is a diagram of a dental arch form held in the brackets of FIG. 8A. [Figure 8C] FIG. 8B is a diagram of the bracket of FIG. 8A. [Figure 8D] FIG. 8B is a diagram of the bracket of FIG. 8A. [Figure 9A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-part bracket. [Figure 9B] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-part bracket. [Figure 10A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-part bracket that may be placed on a patient's molar teeth. [Figure 10B] 10B is a view of the multi-part bracket of FIG. 10A with the male fastener in the form of a dental arch placed thereon. FIG. [Figure 10C] 10B is a view of the multi-part bracket of FIG. 10A with the male fastener in the form of a dental arch placed thereon. FIG. [Figure 11A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-part bracket. [Figure 11B] FIG. 11B is a view of a portion of the multi-part bracket of FIG. 11A. [Figure 11C] FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the multi-part bracket of FIG. 11A. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram of multiple multi-part brackets bonded to a dental arch form. [Figure 13A] FIG. [Figure 13B] FIG. 13B is a rear view of the bracket of FIG. 13A. [Figure 13C] FIG. 13B is a diagram of the bracket of FIG. 13A bonded to a dental arch form. [Figure 13D] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch morphology. [Figure 13E] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dental arch form with customized features. [Figure 14A]It is a tool that grips a portion of the dental arch form that is placed within the bracket. [Figure 14B] FIG. 14B is an enlarged view of a portion of the tool of FIG. 14A gripping the bracket. [Figure 14C] 1 is a diagram of a tool such as a hemostat that may be used for inserting the arch form into the patient's mouth. [Figure 15A] 1A-1C are diagrams of dental arch forms that may be bonded or otherwise secured to a patient's teeth. [Figure 15B] 1 is a diagram of a cap that may be attached or otherwise incorporated into a dental arch form that may be applied to a patient's teeth. [Figure 15C] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dissolvable tray that can be used to apply dental arch forms to a patient's teeth. [Figure 16A] 1 is a diagram of a bracket that can be attached to at least a molar tooth. [Figure 16B] FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view of the bracket shown in FIG. 16A. [Figure 16C] FIG. 16B is a rear view of the bracket shown in FIG. 16A. [Figure 16D] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a male connector in the form of a dental arch. [Figure 16E] 16B is a view of the male connector shown in FIG. 16 coupled to the bracket shown in FIG. 16A. [Figure 17A] 10A and 10B are diagrams of brackets coupled to arch-form male connectors that can be attached to at least the lower anterior teeth. [Figure 17B] FIG. 17B is a diagram of a male connector for the dental arch form shown in FIG. 17A. [Figure 18] 10A and 10B are diagrams of brackets coupled to arch-form male connectors that can be attached to at least the upper central teeth. [Figure 19] 10A is a diagram of a bracket coupled to a male arch-form connector that can be attached to at least a bicuspid tooth. FIG. [Figure 20A] This is a diagram of the initial maxillary dental arch form. [Figure 20B] This is a diagram of the upper mid-arch dental arch morphology. [Figure 20C]This is a diagram of the maxillary final dental arch form. [Figure 21A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the initial lower dental arch form. [Figure 21B] This is a diagram of the mandibular mid-arch morphology. [Figure 21C] This is a diagram of the mandibular final dental arch form. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an orthodontic appliance for a patient with crowding teeth. [Figure 23A] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a tool for installing or removing the bracket from the male connector. [Figure 23B] FIG. 10 is a diagram of a male connector inserted into a slot in a bracket at an angle. [Figure 23C] FIG. 23B is a diagram of the tool shown in FIG. 23A applying a force to the male connector to compress the spring and rotate the male connector toward the bracket. [Figure 23D] FIG. 10 is a view of the male connector in the slot of the bracket. [Figure 23E] FIG. 23B is a view of the tool in FIG. 23A reoriented. [Figure 23F] FIG. 23D is a diagram of the tool shown in FIG. 23E applying a force to the male connector to compress the spring and rotate the male connector away from the bracket. [Figure 23G] FIG. 10 is a view of the male connector being rotated out of the slot in the bracket. [Figure 24] FIG. 1 is a diagram of dental arch morphology with corresponding markings for the patient. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0182] Dental malocclusions can be treated using orthodontic brackets and arch forms. Edgewise appliances are traditional orthodontic brackets with rectangular slots into which round, square, or rectangular straight wire segments can be inserted. Edgewise appliances traditionally hold a straight archwire in the slot with elastomeric or steel ties. This process of tying the archwire to each bracket can be a time-consuming procedure, especially for lingual orthodontic appliances.

[0183] Edgewise appliances use a sliding mechanism between orthodontic brackets and archwires for orthodontic tooth movement. A disadvantage of using a sliding mechanism in some cases is that friction occurs between the brackets and archwire. The amount of friction is often unpredictable and must be overcome for tooth movement to occur. Variability in the amount of friction can lead to errors in tooth movement and the need for more appointments to complete orthodontic treatment.

[0184] Frictionless mechanisms to solve the problem of friction in tooth movement have been developed using orthodontic brackets with snap-on, non-slip archwires. However, these snap-on connections can in some cases be difficult to connect, unreliable, vary from tooth to tooth within a patient's mouth, and even allow slippage, which can impair archwire performance. Disclosed herein are improved arch forms and bracket solutions.

[0185] 1A and 1B illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system using a frictionless mechanism. FIG. 1A shows a dental archform 100, which may also be referred to as an archwire, held in a bracket 200. Specifically, male fasteners 106, which may also be referred to as male connectors, connectors, fasteners, or male structures, of the dental archform 100 may be held in slots 202 of the bracket 200. The archform may comprise a wire with a round, oval, rectangular, square, other cross-section, or combinations thereof. Optionally, the archform may include fixed or variable dimensions, such as width and / or thickness. Optionally, the archform may be made from a sheet of material, such as a shape-memory material, from which it may be laser cut, waterjet cut, or otherwise obtained.

[0186] The dental arch form 100 may have multiple interdental structures, such as loops 102, 104. The interdental structures may include incomplete loops that do not form a complete circle. The interdental structures may also comprise V-shaped or other structures with vertices that do not necessarily include arcuate surfaces. The interdental structures may also include complex 3D structures that traverse multiple planes. The interdental loops 102, 104 may be of various sizes and configurations. The interdental loops 102, 104 may be bends in the dental arch form 100. For example, the interdental loop 102 may be wider (e.g., in the occlusal-gingival direction) than the interdental loop 104, which may result in the interdental loop 102 exerting a greater force on the patient's teeth than the interdental loop 104. Optionally, the interdental loop 102 may be the same thickness (e.g., in the lingual-buccal direction) as the interdental loop 104, while being of different widths. Optionally, a single interdental loop 102, 104 is positioned between adjacent male fasteners 106. Optionally, one or more interdental loops 102, 104 are positioned between adjacent male fasteners 106. Optionally, one or more interdental loops 102, 104 and / or straight segments are positioned between the male fasteners 106. Optionally, the interdental loops 102, 104 can have the same or different curvatures, can extend in the gingival and / or occlusal direction, and / or can extend to different lengths in the gingival and / or occlusal direction. Optionally, an interdental structure is present between each and every male fastener and / or tooth. Optionally, interdental structures are present between a majority of adjacent male fasteners, but not between all adjacent male fasteners, such as about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, at least those values, less than those values, or greater than or less than those values.

[0187] The dental arch form 100 may include a male fastener 106. The bond between the male fastener 106 and interdental structures, such as the loops 102, 104, may be curved, which may help reduce stress concentrations that may result in cracking, fractures, etc. The male fastener 106 may optionally have the same thickness (e.g., in the lingual-buccal direction) as the interdental loops 102, 104. This advantageously allows the interdental loops 102, 104 and the male fastener 106 to be cut from a material having a uniform thickness (e.g., a flat ribbon) during the manufacturing process. Optionally, the male fastener 106 may have a different thickness (e.g., in the lingual-buccal direction) than the interdental loops 102, 104. Optionally, the male fastener 106 may be positioned between the interdental loops 102, 104.

[0188] The male fastener 106 may include arms 108, 110. The arms 108, 110 may bend to lock the male fastener 106 within the bracket 200. For example, the arms 108, 110 may bend under a compressive load to temporarily shorten the length of the male fastener 106. This may advantageously allow the male fastener 106 to be positioned and retained within the slot 202 of the bracket 200, as described in more detail herein. The arms 108, 110 may be curved inward (e.g., toward the center plane of the male fastener 106) so that the male fastener 106 deflects inward when under a compressive load. The arms 108, 110 may be the same size and / or configuration so that they deflect (e.g., deflect) to substantially the same amount when under the same load. An opening 120 (e.g., a void, space, opening) may be disposed through the male fastener 106. An opening 120 can be disposed between the arms 108, 110. The arms 108, 110 can flex into the opening 120 when under a compressive load. Optionally, the void is entirely surrounded along its periphery by the arms 108, 110 and other features of the dental arch form 100. Optionally, the surface area or volume of the void is about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 90%, at least those values, greater than or less than those values, or a range including any two of those values, of the total surface area or volume of each male fastening element.

[0189] The male fastener 106 may have a groove 112. The groove 112 (e.g., a tool receptacle, tool receiving portion, opening, tool interface) may be configured to engage a tool. The tool may engage the groove 112 to apply a force to the male fastener 106 to bend the arms 108, 110 so that the male fastener 106 can be inserted into or removed from the slot 202 of the bracket 200, as described in more detail herein. The groove 112 may be located at an end of the male fastener 106. Optionally, the groove 112 may be located on the occlusal side of the male fastener 106. The groove 112 may be centered in a central plane of the male fastener 106.

[0190] The dental arch form 100 can be made from nickel titanium, stainless steel, titanium-molybdenum alloy, shape memory alloy, superelastic metal, and / or other suitable alloys, or combinations thereof. The dental arch form 100 can be cut from a flat ribbon, thin sheet of material, or the like, by laser cutting, water jet cutting, or the like.

[0191] The bracket 200 may have a stop 204. The stop 204 may be located at an end of the bracket 200. Notably, optionally, the stop 204 may be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket 200. The stop 204 may define a portion of the slot 202. The stop 204 may have a protruding portion 206 that retains the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The stop 204 and / or other features disclosed herein may have a curved surface that helps reduce tongue irritation.

[0192] The bracket 200 may have a retaining portion 208. The retaining portion 208 may be located on an end of the bracket 200. Notably, optionally, the retaining portion 208 may be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket 200. The retaining portion 208 may be positioned on an opposite end of the bracket 200 opposite the stop portion 204. The retaining portion 208 may define a portion of the slot 202. The retaining portion 208 may have a protruding portion 210 that retains the male fastener portion 106 within the slot of the bracket 200. The retaining portion 208 may have a curved surface that helps reduce irritation to the tongue.

[0193] The retaining portion 208 can have a groove 212. The groove 212 can assist in placing the male fastener 106 in the slot 202 of the bracket 200 and in removing the male fastener 106 from the slot 202. Specifically, the groove 212 can engage with a tool used to apply a force to the male fastener 106 to bend the arms 108, 110 when placing the male fastener 106 in the slot 202 of the bracket 200 or when removing the male fastener 106 from the slot 202. Optionally, the groove 212 can properly position and hold a tool for applying a force to the male fastener 106 (e.g., help prevent slippage). Optionally, the groove 212 can act as a fulcrum for the tool when it applies a force to the male fastener 106 during insertion and removal. The face 214, the retaining portion 208, and / or the stop portion 204 of the bracket 200 can cooperate to define a slot 202 in the bracket 200 configured to receive the male fastener 106. The groove 212 can be curved in an opposite direction relative to the groove 112. The groove 212 allows a tool to reach the groove 112 when the male fastener 106 is retained in the bracket slot 202. The groove 212 can be centered in a central plane of the bracket 200.

[0194] During insertion, the end of the male fastener 106 opposite the groove 112 can be positioned against the stop 204 and / or under the protrusion 206 so that the male fastener 106 is angled relative to the face 214 of the bracket 200. A tool, such as those disclosed elsewhere herein, can engage the groove 212 and groove 112 and rotate toward the stop 204, forcing (e.g., compressing) the male fastener 106 against the stop 204 while rotating the male fastener 106 toward the face 214 of the bracket 200 so that the groove 112 slides along the tool toward the bracket 200. The force applied to the male fastener 106 can cause the arms 108, 110 to bend such that the male fastener 106 is manipulated around the retainer 208. The tool can be removed to cause the arms 108, 110 to deflect (e.g., spring back) to their uncompressed configuration, locking the male fastener 106 under the protrusions 210, 206. A protrusion 216, described below, can press the male fastener 106 against the protrusions 206, 210. Optionally, the protrusion 216 can cause the male fastener 106 to bend and press against the protrusions 206, 210.

[0195] The bracket 200 may have a protrusion (e.g., a ridge) 216. The protrusion 216 may be positioned on and extend from a surface 214 of the bracket 200. The protrusion 216 may be rounded. The protrusion 216 may press the male fastener 106 against the protruding portions 206, 210 to prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200. Optionally, the protrusion 216 may bend the male fastener 106 against the protruding portions 206, 210 when the male fastener 106 is positioned in the slot 202 of the bracket 200. Optionally, the protrusion 216 may extend across all or a portion of the surface 214 of the bracket 200 in the mesial-distal direction. Optionally, the protrusion 216 may be positioned between the stop 204 and the retainer 208.

[0196] During removal, a tool can be inserted through groove 212 into groove 112. The tool can be rotated away from stop 204 with groove 212 acting as a fulcrum, bending arms 108, 110 so that groove 112 slides along the tool away from bracket 200, and the tool exerts a force on groove 112 that rotates the end of male fastener 106 with groove 112 away from face 214 of bracket 200. Bending arms 108, 110 can move male fastener 106 out from under retaining portion 208, such that the end of male fastener 106 with groove 112 is free from slot 202 of bracket 200. Thus, male fastener 106 can be removed entirely from slot 202 of bracket 200.

[0197] 2A-2I illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system that uses a frictionless mechanism. Figure 2A shows the archform 100 held in a bracket 200. Specifically, the male clasp 106 of the archform 100 is held in a slot 202 of the bracket 200 under a locking pin 226.

[0198] The dental arch form 100 may have multiple interdental structures, such as loops 102, 104. The dental arch form 100 may have a male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 may include arms 108, 110. The arms 108, 110 may bend to lock (e.g., retain) the male fastener 106 within the bracket 200. The male fastener 106 may have an opening 120. The opening 120 may be located between the arms 108, 110.

[0199] The male fastening portion 106 may have a block 114 (e.g., a stop). The block 114 may be disposed between the arms 108, 110. The block 114 may extend into the opening 120. The block 114 may extend from one side of the periphery of the opening 120 to adjacent to another side 124 (e.g., surface) of the periphery of the opening 120. Optionally, the block 114 may extend from the occlusal side of the periphery of the opening 120 to adjacent to but spaced from the surface 124 on the gingival side of the periphery of the opening 120. As shown in FIG. 2A , a gap 122 may separate the block 114 from the surface 124 (e.g., the gingival side of the periphery of the opening 120) that forms part of the periphery of the opening 120. As the arms 108, 110 bend under compression, the block 114 may move closer to the surface 124, narrowing the gap 122. The block 114 can prevent excessive compression of the male fastener portion 106. For example, the block 114 can move toward the surface 124 and eventually contact the surface 124 to prevent further bending of the arms 108, 110. Optionally, the arms 108, 110 can bend inward and eventually contact the block 114 to prevent further bending of the arms 108, 110.

[0200] The male fastener 106 may have engagement surfaces 116, 118. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may engage with retention surfaces 222, 224 of the bracket 200, which are described in more detail elsewhere herein. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may help prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 and the bracket 200 (e.g., reducing or eliminating slop, etc.). The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may help prevent lateral movement of the male fastener 106 in the mesial-distal direction. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may be angled relative to a central plane of the male fastener 106. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may be identical, which may include the same size, angle, etc.

[0201] The male fastener 106 may have a groove 112. The groove 112 (e.g., a tool receptacle, tool receiving portion, opening, tool interface) may be configured to receive a tool. The groove 112 may be located on a tab 126 (e.g., a flange) that may be positioned under the locking pin 226 to retain the male fastener 106 within the bracket 200. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 may form a portion of the tab 126. A tool may engage the groove 112 to apply a force to the male fastener 106 to bend the arms 108, 110 so that the male fastener 106 can be inserted into or removed from the slot 202 of the bracket 200, as described in more detail herein. The groove 112 may be located at an end of the male fastener 106. The groove 112 may be located on the tab 126. Optionally, the groove 112 may be located on the mating side of the male fastener 106. The groove 112 may be centered in the central plane of the male fastener portion 106 .

[0202] The bracket 200 may have a stop 204. The stop 204 may have a protrusion 206. The protrusion 206 may define an upper surface of the slot 202 of the bracket 200 that receives the male fastener 106, as clearly shown in FIG. 2C . The protrusion 206 may have a chamfer 238 (e.g., an angled surface). The chamfer 238 may allow (e.g., facilitate) the male fastener 106 to rotate out of or into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 without being inhibited by the protrusion 206. Similarly, the stop 204 may have a recess 240 (e.g., an undercut), as detailed elsewhere herein. The recess 240 may allow (e.g., facilitate) the male fastener 106 to rotate out of or into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 without being inhibited by the stop 204, as described in detail elsewhere in this specification.

[0203] 2A and 2B, the bracket 200 may have a retaining portion 208. The retaining portion 208 may be located on an end of the bracket 200. Specifically, optionally, the retaining portion 208 may be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket 200. The retaining portion 208 may be positioned on the end of the bracket 200 opposite the stop portion 204. The retaining portion 208 may define a portion of the slot 202. The retaining portion 208 may have a curved surface to reduce irritation to the tongue.

[0204] The retainer 208 may have walls 218, 220. The walls 218, 220 may be located on the mesial and distal sides of the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 may be spaced apart from one another by a wall 232 extending therebetween. The wall 232 may be oriented perpendicular to the walls 218, 220. The wall 232 may help prevent adhesive from entering the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The wall 232 may be located at an end of the bracket 200. The wall 232 may optionally be located at the occlusal end of the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 may be parallel to one another.

[0205] The walls 218, 220 may have retention surfaces 222, 224, respectively, as clearly shown in FIG. 2A. The retention surfaces 222, 224 may engage with the engagement surfaces 116, 118, as provided elsewhere herein. The retention surfaces 222, 224 may be disposed on the interior sides of the walls 218, 220. The retention surfaces 222, 224 may be disposed at and / or adjacent to the ends of the walls 218, 220.

[0206] Wall 218 may have an opening 228. Opening 228 may be sized and configured to receive an end of locking pin 226 (e.g., a rod, a bar). Optionally, opening 228 may be sized and configured to securely receive locking pin 226. Optionally, locking pin 226 may be inserted into opening 228 in a substantially secure manner (e.g., press fit, friction fit, etc.).

[0207] Wall 220 may have an opening 230. Opening 230 may be sized and configured to movably receive locking pin 226. As clearly shown in FIG. 2B , opening 230 may have a locking portion 234 (e.g., a detent, a recess) and an enlarged portion 236. Optionally, enlarged portion 236 may be closer to the occlusal end of bracket 200 than locking portion 234. Enlarged portion 236 can distort locking pin 226 while still being retained within opening 230 during insertion and removal of male fastener 106 into and from slot 202 of bracket 200. Locking portion 234 can receive locking pin 226 when locking pin 226 is not distorted during insertion and removal of male fastener 106. The locking portion 234 can retain the locking pin 226 when the male fastener 106 is positioned in the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The locking portion 234 can prevent inadvertent distortion of the locking pin 226, such as during brushing of teeth, which could result in inadvertent removal of the male fastener 106 from the slot 202 of the bracket 200.

[0208] The locking pin 226 can hold the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The locking pin 226 can extend between the walls 218, 220. An end of the locking pin 226 can be fixedly disposed within the opening 228, while the opposite end of the locking pin 226 can be movably disposed within the opening 230. The locking pin 226 can deflect (e.g., bend) when a tool applies force to it. The end of the locking pin 226 can be fixed within the opening 228, while the end of the locking pin 226 within the opening 230 can move due to the deflection of the locking pin 226. Specifically, the locking pin 226 can deflect from the locking portion 234 to the enlarged portion 236, allowing the male fastener 106 to be inserted into or removed from the slot 202 of the bracket 200. Optionally, the end of the locking pin 226 in the opening 230 is distorted into a locking portion 234 of the opening 230 by the male fastener 106 when the male fastener 106 is held in the slot 202 of the bracket 200 .

[0209] The bracket 200 may have a protrusion 216 (e.g., a ridge). The protrusion 216 may be rounded. The protrusion 216 may extend from the mesial side to the distal side of the bracket 200. The protrusion 216 may extend from the face 214. The protrusion 216 may be positioned between the retaining portion 208 and the stop portion 204, as clearly shown in FIG. 2C . A portion of the protrusion 216 may be disposed below the protrusion 206. The protrusion 216 may press the male fastener 106 onto the protrusion 206 and the locking pin 226 so that the male fastener 106 is securely held within the slot 202 of the bracket 200, which may reduce and / or eliminate slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200.

[0210] During insertion, the end of the male fastener 106 opposite the groove 112 and / or the tab 126 can be placed against the stop 204 and / or under the protrusion 206 so that the male fastener 106 is angled relative to the face 214 of the bracket 200, as shown in Figures 2E and 2F. A tool 300 (e.g., an explorer tool, explorer) can be inserted between the locking pin 226 and the groove 112. Specifically, a tip 306 (e.g., a pointed tip, a conical tip) at the distal end of the shaft portion 302 can be inserted between the locking pin 226 and the groove 112. The tool 300 can be rotated in a first direction 304 (e.g., toward the stop 204, toward the male fastener 106), distorting the locking pin 226 into the enlarged portion 236 of the opening 230 and rotating the portion of the male fastener 106 with the groove 112 underneath the locking pin 226 and into the slot 202, as shown in FIG. 2G. The tool 300 can be removed from between the locking pin 226 and the groove 112, causing the locking pin 226 to bend into the locking portion 234 of the opening 230, as shown in FIG. 2B. The male fastener 106 can be pushed by the protrusion 216 onto the protrusion 206 and the locking pin 226, helping to reduce and / or eliminate slippage (e.g., slop) between the dental arch form 100 and the bracket 200. The engagement surfaces 116, 118 of the male fastener 106 can engage the retention surfaces 222, 224 of the retention portion 208 of the bracket 200, helping to reduce and / or eliminate slippage (e.g., slop) between the dental arch form 100 and the bracket 200. The tool 300 can apply equal and opposite forces to one or more components of the bracket 200 and / or the male fastener 106 (or the bracket itself) during installation and removal. Equal and opposite forces can be important to reduce discomfort to the patient when inserting or removing the male fastener 106 from the bracket 200. For example, the tool 300 can apply equal forces to the locking pin 226 and the groove 112 during installation or removal.

[0211] During removal, tool 300 can be inserted between locking pin 226 and groove 112, as shown in FIGS. 2H and 2I. Specifically, a downward force 310 can be applied to tool 300 with tip 306 of shaft portion 302 between locking pin 226 and groove 112. Tool 300 can be rotated in a second direction 308, distorting locking pin 226 into enlarged portion 236 of opening 230 and rotating groove 112 and / or the portion of male fastener 106 with tab 126 away from face 214 of bracket 200 and out from under locking pin 226. Thus, male fastener 106 can be removed from under overhang 206 of stop 204.

[0212] 3A and 3B illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system using a frictionless mechanism. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the bracket 200 may have gripping surfaces 242, 244 (e.g., gripping locations). The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be grasped by a tool, such as pliers, debonding pliers, and / or lingual debonding pliers, for manipulation. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be grasped by a tool to release the bracket 200 from bonding to a patient's tooth. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be grasped by a tool to position the bracket 200 on the lingual or labial side of a patient's tooth for bonding. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be positioned on opposite ends of the bracket 200. Optionally, the gripping surface 242 may be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket 200, and the gripping surface 244 may be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket 200. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be angled relative to one another. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be proximate the retainer 208 and the stop 204, respectively. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be angled relative to a central plane of the bracket 200. The gripping surfaces 242, 244 may be angled relative to a posterior surface 246 of the bracket 200, as shown in FIG. 3B. The posterior surface 246 of the bracket may be bonded to a patient's tooth, such as the lingual or labial side of the patient's tooth. A distance 248 may extend between the posterior surface 246 and the face 214 of the bracket 200.

[0213] FIG. 4 illustrates an orthodontic bracket and archform system that uses a frictionless mechanism. As shown in FIG. 4, the bracket 200 has a wall 250. The wall 250 can be located on the mesial and distal sides of the bracket 200. The wall 250 can help prevent adhesive ingress into the face 214 and / or slot 202 of the bracket 200. The wall 250 can help prevent slippage between the archform 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200. The wall 250 can be part of the retainer 208 and / or the walls 218, 220. Optionally, a cover (e.g., a top portion) can extend over the locking pin 226 to prevent inadvertent contact with tools (e.g., misuse) and / or to prevent adhesive ingress.

[0214] 4, which can help prevent adhesive from entering slot 202. Optionally, the gingival end of bracket 200 can be raised. Face 214 can be angled relative to posterior surface 246 such that distance 248 between face 214 and posterior surface 246 is much closer to stop 204 (e.g., closer to the gingival side) than to retention portion 208 (e.g., closer to the occlusal side).

[0215] Figure 5 illustrates an orthodontic bracket and archform system that uses a frictionless mechanism. As shown in Figure 5, the bracket 200 has a wall 250 that can prevent adhesive ingress, as previously described. The wall 250 can also help prevent the male fastener 106 and / or the archform 100 from slipping on the bracket 200. The bracket 200 shown in Figure 5 can be narrower in the mesial-distal direction than some other brackets shown herein, which can accommodate teeth of different sizes.

[0216] 6A-6E illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system using a frictionless mechanism. As shown in FIG. 6A, the bracket 200 has a retainer 208. Optionally, the retainer 208 can be positioned on the occlusal side of the bracket 200. The retainer 208 releasably retains the male fastener 106 of the archform 100 within the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The retainer 208 has walls 218, 220. The walls 218, 220 can be located on the mesial and distal sides of the bracket 200, respectively. The walls 218, 220 can secure the male fastener 106 therebetween to inhibit or reduce lateral movement of the male fastener 106 and / or slippage of the archform 100 relative to the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 can prevent adhesive ingress.

[0217] The retaining portion 208 may include a C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., a spring, a leaf spring, a spring locking pin). The C-shaped spring 256 may retain the male fastener 106. Specifically, the C-shaped spring 256 may retain the tab 126 of the male fastener 106 to releasably prevent the male fastener 106 from being removed from the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 may bend (e.g., bend) under a load and spring back to an unstrained configuration upon removal of the load. The C-shaped spring 256 may be compressed onto itself, bend / strain inward, and return to its uncompressed, strained, and / or bent state. The C-shaped spring 256 may be oriented in a mesial-distal direction. The central axis of the C-shaped spring 256 may be oriented in a mesial-distal direction. The C-shaped spring 256 may be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the male fastener 106 when the male fastener 106 is retained in the slot 202 of the bracket 200 and / or the longitudinal axis of the bracket 200. One end of the C-shaped spring 256 may be retained in the slot 258 of the retainer 208, which may include being fixedly retained. The other end (e.g., the free end) of the C-shaped spring 256 may extend out of the slot 258 into the open portion 252 of the retainer 208. A recess 254 may extend into a portion of the open portion 252 to provide space for the C-shaped spring 256 to deflect when a force is applied to the C-shaped spring 256. The free end of the C-shaped spring 256 may deflect under force, allowing the C-shaped spring 256 to bend into the recess 254 and / or away from the applied force. This allows the male fastener 106 to rotate under the C-shaped spring 256. Upon removal of the force, the C-shaped spring 256 can spring back, which may include returning to an unstrained state and holding the male fastener 106 (e.g., tab 126) in place. Optionally, the free end of the C-shaped spring 256 can engage and apply a force to the male fastener 106 (e.g., tab 126). This C-shaped spring arrangement may be beneficial for narrow brackets, as it allows the effect of the spring to be independent of its length.

[0218] The retaining portion 208 can have a groove 212. The groove 212 can provide access to at least a portion of the C-shaped spring 256. The groove 212 allows a tool to reach and apply force to the C-shaped spring 256. The groove 212 allows the tab 126 of the male fastener 106 to rotate and contact the C-shaped spring 256. The groove 212 can be oriented in an opposite direction relative to the groove 112 of the male fastener 106.

[0219] The bracket 200 may have a stop 204. The stop 204 may prevent movement of the male fastener in certain directions, which may include the gingival direction. The stop 204 may be positioned on the side of the bracket 200 opposite the retaining portion 208. Optionally, the stop 204 may be positioned on the gingival side of the bracket 200. The stop 204 may have a protruding portion 206. The protruding portion 206 may extend over a portion of the slot 202 that can receive the male fastener 106. The protruding portion 206 may retain the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket.

[0220] The stop 204 may have a recess 240, as shown in Figure 6A. The recess 240 allows the male fastener 106 to rotate while a portion of the male fastener 106 is positioned under the protruding portion 206. The stop 204 may have an angled surface 238, as shown in Figure 6B, that allows a portion of the male fastener 106 to be conveniently positioned under the protruding portion 206. The stop 204 may optionally have a hole 264 extending therethrough. Optionally, the stop 204 does not include a hole 264.

[0221] The bracket 200 may include a surface 214 that forms a portion (e.g., a side surface) of the slot 202 of the bracket. The bracket may include a protrusion 216 (e.g., a ridge) extending from the surface 214. The protrusion 216 can press the male fastener 106 against the edge of the C-shaped spring 256 and the protrusion 206 when the male fastener 106 is held under the C-shaped spring 256. The bracket 200 may include a raised surface 215. The raised surface 215 can be positioned farther away from the posterior surface 246 of the bracket 200 than the surface 214. The protrusion 216 can be positioned between the raised surface 215 and the surface 214. A passage 260 can separate the mesial and distal portions of the protrusion 216, the surface 214, and the raised surface 215. The passage 260 can extend along the longitudinal axis of the bracket 200. The passageway 260 may be positioned between the mesial and distal sides of the bracket 200 .

[0222] The dental arch form 100 may have a male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 may have arms 108, 110. The arms 108, 110 may be on opposite sides of the male fastener 106. The arms 108, 110 may be on mesial and distal sides of the male fastener 106. The arms 108, 110 may bend (e.g., deflect) under a force (e.g., load), as described elsewhere herein. The arms 108, 110 may return to an undeflected configuration when the force is removed, as described elsewhere herein. The arms 108, 110 may be separated by a space 120. The arms 108, 110 may bend inward toward the space 120. The arms 108, 110 may bend into the space 120.

[0223] The dental arch form 100 may have a tab 126. The tab 126 may be held under the C-shaped spring 256. The tab 126 may have a groove 112 that may engage with a tool. The tool may apply a force to the groove 112 that distorts the arms 108, 110, thereby reducing the length of the male fastener 106 so that the male fastener 106 can rotate in or out from under the C-shaped spring. The groove 112 may reduce the chance of a tool slipping when applying a load to the male fastener 106.

[0224] During installation, the end of the male fastener 106 opposite the tab 126 can be positioned into the slot 202 and under the protrusion 206 so that the male fastener 106 is angled relative to the surface 214 and / or the raised surface 215. The tab 126 can contact the C-shaped spring 256. The tab 126 can be at least partially within the groove 212. A tool can be positioned between the groove 212 and the groove 112 and / or within the groove 212 and the groove 112. The tool can be pushed against the C-shaped spring 256 and / or rotated against the stop 204, distorting the C-shaped spring 256, distorting the arms 108, 110, and / or rotating the male fastener 106 under the C-shaped spring 256. During deflection of the C-shaped spring 256, the C-shaped spring 256 can bend back into the recess 254 and into the opening 252. The tool can be removed. The C-shaped spring 256 can return to its unstrained state and / or be deflected to apply a retaining force to the male fastener 106 at the interface 262 shown in FIG. 6C . Specifically, the free end (e.g., an edge of the C-shaped spring 256) can contact the male fastener 106 at the interface 262, which can include applying a retaining force to the male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 can be held under the protrusion 206 and the C-shaped spring 256. The protrusion 216 can press the male fastener 106 against the C-shaped spring 256 and the protrusion 206, which can prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200.

[0225] During removal, a tool can be positioned between the groove 212 and the C-shaped spring 256. The tool can be rotated away from the stop 204, straining the C-shaped spring 256, straining the arms 108, 110, and / or rotating the male fastener 106 (e.g., the tab 126) out from under the C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., out from under the free end of the C-shaped spring 256). The C-shaped spring 256 can return to its unstrained state. The male fastener 106 can be removed from the slot 202 and from under the protrusion 206. During insertion and removal of the male fastener 106, forces can be concentrated on the C-shaped spring 256 and the tool 300, while the remainder of the bracket 200 can experience relatively less force.

[0226] 7A-7E illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system using a frictionless mechanism. As shown in FIG. 7A, the orthodontic bracket 200 may include a slot 202 capable of receiving the male fastener 106 of the archform 100. At least a portion of the slot 202 may be defined by a face 214 of the bracket 200. At least a portion of the slot 202 may be defined by a retainer 208. The retainer 208 may have a protrusion 210 similar to the protrusions described elsewhere herein. The protrusion 210 may extend across the slot 202 and help retain the male fastener 106. The retainer 208 may be on the gingival side of the bracket 200.

[0227] The retaining portion 208 may have an opening 352 that retains the C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., a spring, a leaf spring). The opening 352 may be oval to allow the C-shaped spring 256 to bend (e.g., distort). The perimeter of the opening 352 may prevent the C-shaped spring 256 from bending beyond a desired range. The opening 352 may be oriented perpendicular to the face 214 of the bracket. The retaining portion 208 may have a guide 366 (e.g., a guide rail, a protrusion, a longitudinal protrusion, a bar) that may orient the C-shaped spring 256 within the opening 352. The guide 366 may prevent the C-shaped spring 256 from twisting and / or otherwise being inadvertently removed from the bracket 200 and / or the opening 352. The guide portion 366 can extend through and / or within the opening 352. The guide portion 366 can be oriented perpendicular to the face 214 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 can be positioned through the opening 352 and across the guide portion 366. The opposite end of the C-shaped spring 256 can be positioned on the opposite side of the guide portion 366. The C-shaped spring 256 can be exposed to at least a portion of the slot 202, as shown in FIGS. 7D and 7E . When the male fastener 106 is inserted into the slot 202, it can contact and bend the C-shaped spring 256. The C-shaped spring 256 can apply a force to the male fastener 106, which can hold the male fastener 106 in the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 can be positioned away from the handle 380 of the male fastener 106 during installation, reducing the risk of the C-shaped spring 256 being damaged by tools such as pliers, explorer tools, etc.

[0228] The bracket 200 may include stops 204, 205. The stops 204, 205 may be separated by a gap 368 between them. The stops 204, 205 may have notches 374, 375 (e.g., recesses, voids, spaces) that receive wedges 382, ​​383 (e.g., fingers) of the male fastener 106, as shown in Figures 7B, 7D, and 7E. The notches 374, 375 and the wedges 382, ​​383 may cooperate to prevent slippage (e.g., to reduce lateral movement) between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200. The stops 204, 205 may have angled surfaces 384 that allow the male fastener 106 to be inserted at an angle into the slot 202 of the bracket 200, as shown in Figure 7D.

[0229] The gap 368 can receive a handle 380 (e.g., a tab, tongue) of the male fastener 106. The handle 380, positioned between the stops 204, 205, can prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket. A raised surface 372 can extend into the gap 368 between the stops 204, 205. The raised surface 372 can support the handle 380 away from the face 214 of the bracket 200.

[0230] An opening 370 may be positioned between the stops 204, 205. The opening 370 may be sized and shaped to receive at least a portion of a tool during installation and removal of the male fastener 106 in the bracket. The opening 370 may extend through at least a portion of the raised surface 372 and / or face 214.

[0231] The bracket 200 may have a protrusion 216 that is similar to the other protrusions 216 described herein. The protrusion 216 may extend from the face 214 of the bracket 200. The protrusion may extend from or adjacent the mesial and distal sides of the bracket 200. The protrusion 216 may press the male fastener 106 against the protrusion 210 and the notches 374, 375 when positioned within the bracket 200.

[0232] The bracket 200 may have an angled surface 376 that facilitates insertion of the male fastener 106 into the bracket 200. The angled surface 376 may be positioned on the opposite side from the retaining portion 208. As shown in FIG. 7D , the angled surface 376 can facilitate positioning the male fastener 106 at an angle within the slot 202 of the bracket 200 before being securely retained within or removed from the bracket 200. Similarly, the retaining portion 208 and / or the protruding portion 210 may have an angled surface 238 that can facilitate positioning the male fastener 106 at an angle within the slot of the bracket 200 before being securely retained within or removed from the bracket 200.

[0233] The dental arch form 100 may have male fasteners 106, as shown in FIG. 7B . The male fasteners 106 may be inserted into and retained by the brackets 200 (e.g., slots 202). The male fasteners 106 may have handles 380 (e.g., tabs). The handles 380 may allow the dental arch form 100 to be gripped with pliers or the like to insert the male fasteners 106 into the brackets 200. The handles 380 may provide a gripping location for the pliers. The handles 380 are optionally configured not to add additional strength to the dental arch form 100, so that if damaged, the dental arch form 100 will perform as intended. Thus, optionally, nicking or damaging the handles 380 does not affect the performance or fatigue life of the dental arch form 100. This is particularly advantageous with dental arch forms 100 made from nickel titanium, which can be sensitive to notches. The handle 380 can include a hole 378. The hole 378 can receive at least a portion of a tool (e.g., an explorer, explorer tool) to position the male fastener 106.

[0234] The male fastener 106 may include wedges 382, ​​383 (e.g., fingers). The wedges 382, ​​383 may be formed by laser cutting and / or water jet cutting the male fastener 106 to create a lip 286 that defines at least a portion of the wedges 382, ​​383. As shown in FIG. 7D , the male fastener 106 may be inserted at an angle 390 relative to the face 214 and / or rear surface 246, which angle 390 may be referred to as the insertion / removal angle of attack. The wedges 382, ​​383 with the lip 286 may reduce the insertion / removal angle of attack, which may improve ease of insertion of the male fastener 106 into the bracket 200. The wedges 382, ​​383 may be positioned within the notches 282, 283 in the stops 204, 205.

[0235] During insertion, the male fastener 106 can be inserted into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 at an angle 390. The inclined surface 376, the angled surface 384, the edges 286 of the wedges 382, ​​383, and / or the angled surface 238 can ease insertion of the male fastener 106 into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 (e.g., by reducing the insertion angle 390). A force can be applied to the male fastener 106, which can be by a tool interacting with the handle 380, such that the C-shaped spring 256 is compressed. The male fastener 106 can be rotated toward the surface 214 so that it is parallel to the surface 214. The force applied to the male fastener 106 can be removed, causing the C-shaped spring 256 to push the wedges 382, ​​383 into the notches 374, 375, as shown in FIG. 7E. The protrusions 216 can press the male fasteners 106 against the protruding portion 210 and / or can press the wedges 382, ​​383 against the respective surfaces of the notches 374, 375. As shown in FIG. 7B , a portion of the arch form 100 proximate the male fasteners 106 can interact with the sides (e.g., mesial and distal sides) of the bracket 200 to reduce and / or prevent lateral movement between the arch form 100 (e.g., the male fasteners 106) and the bracket 200.

[0236] During removal, a tool can be inserted into the hole 378 in the handle 380. Optionally, the tool can be inserted at least partially into the hole 370 through the hole 378 in the handle 380. The tool can be tilted (e.g., rotated) toward the retainer 208, which compresses the C-shaped spring 256 and removes the wedges 382, ​​383 from the notches 374, 375, causing the side of the male fastener 106 with the handle 380 to rotate out of the slot 202 in the bracket 200. Thus, the male fastener 106 can be removed from the bracket 200 at an angle.

[0237] As shown in Figures 7F and 7G, a similar retention mechanism can be used for a molar bracket, as shown in Figure 7F, and a mandibular anterior bracket, as shown in Figure 7G. Optionally, the mandibular anterior bracket shown in Figure 7G may have some differences compared to the molar bracket shown in Figure 7F due to tooth size. As shown in Figure 7G, the bracket 200 may include a stop 204. The stop 204 may include notches and / or protrusions as described elsewhere herein. The notches and / or protrusions may receive wedges 382, ​​383 of the male fastener 106.

[0238] The bracket 200 may include a retaining portion 208. The retaining portion 208 may have a protrusion 210. The retaining portion 208 may have an opening 352 that accommodates a C-shaped spring 256. One end of the C-shaped spring 256 may be coupled to a flange 367, which may include being fixed, to help prevent inadvertent removal of the C-shaped spring 256. The other end of the C-shaped spring 256 may be free, allowing the C-shaped spring 256 to bend under the application of force and return to an unbent configuration when the force is released. At least a portion of the C-shaped spring 256 may be accessible through the slot 202 of the bracket 200 so that a male fastener 106 inserted into the slot 202 can compress the C-shaped spring 256.

[0239] The dental arch form 100 may have a male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 may have a handle 288. The handle 288 may be grasped by a tool, such as pliers, to manipulate the dental arch form 100 without adversely affecting the performance of the dental arch form 100.

[0240] The male fastener 106 may include wedges 382, ​​383 that may be separated by a groove 112. The groove 112 may receive a tool that can apply a force to the groove 112 such that the male fastener 106 compresses the C-shaped spring 256 and allows the wedges 382, ​​383 to be manipulated around the stops 204 during insertion and / or removal of the male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 may be inserted into and removed from the bracket 200 using techniques similar to those described elsewhere herein.

[0241] 8A-8D illustrate an orthodontic bracket and archform system using a frictionless mechanism. As shown in FIG. 8A, the archform 100 may have a male fastener 106. The male fastener 106 may include a guide channel 802 (e.g., a recess, a channel). The guide channel 802 can guide a tab 804 of the bracket 200. The guide channel 802 can guide the tab 804 to bend around a surface of the guide channel 802 to engage a retention surface 806 (e.g., a surface). The tab 804 can be made from various materials, such as sheet metal. The tab 804 can retain the male fastener 106 within a slot in the bracket 200. The bracket 200 may include a tool-receiving channel 808 that can receive a tool to distort the tab 804 from the retention surface 806 and decouple the male fastener 106 from the bracket.

[0242] The bracket 200 may have walls 218, 220. The walls 218, 220 may align the male fastener 106 within the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 may prevent slippage (e.g., slop) between the dental arch form 100 and the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 may be positioned on the distal and mesial sides of the bracket 200. The walls 218, 220 may define a passage 820 to guide the male fastener 106 into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 as the male fastener 106 moves in the direction 816.

[0243] The bracket 200 may have a stop 204. The stop 204 may be located on an end of the bracket 200, which may include the gingival end of the bracket 200. The stop 204 may have a protrusion 206. The protrusion 206 may be configured to retain the male fastener 106 in the slot 202. The stop 204 may include a recess 810 to allow the male fastener 106 to rotate in the slot 202. The protrusion 206 may have a chamfer 238, which may help allow the male fastener 106 to rotate in the slot 202. The protrusion 206 may have a wedge 812 that is similar to the protrusion 812 (e.g., angled surface, tapered surface, protrusion). The wedge 812 may extend from the protrusion 206 in the direction of the face 214. The wedge 812 can press the male fastener 106 against the surface 214 to prevent and / or reduce slippage (eg, slop) between the dental arch form 100 (eg, the male fastener 106 ) and the bracket 200 .

[0244] Bracket 200 may have surface 214. Surface 214 may have tool-receiving recess 822 (e.g., a recess) that can receive a tool, as shown in FIG. 8D , and the tool is moved through tool-receiving passageway 808 to distort tab 804 from retention surface 806. Once tab 804 is removed from retention surface 806, male fastener 106 may be removed from slot 202.

[0245] During installation, the male fastener 106 is positioned on (e.g., parallel to) the surface 214 of the bracket 200 between the walls 218, 220. The male fastener 106 is moved in a direction 816. As the male fastener 106 moves in the direction 816, the guide channel 802 guides the tab 804 of the bracket 202. Optionally, the male fastener 106 is angled relative to the surface 214 until the tab 804 can be positioned within the guide channel 802. The guide channel 802 can guide the tab 804 to bend around the surface of the guide channel 802 to engage the retention surface 806 and retain the male fastener 106 within the slot 202. The wedge 812 can press the male fastener 106 against the surface 214.

[0246] During removal, a tool (e.g., an explorer tool) is positioned in the tool-receiving recess 822 and / or the tool-receiving passage 808. The tool is moved through the tool-receiving passage 808 toward the tab 804. The tool distorts the tab 804 from the retention surface 806 so that the male fastener 106 can be removed from the slot 202. The tool can engage and simultaneously contain the periphery of the tool-receiving passage 808 to remove the male fastener 106 from the bracket 200 and / or the slot 202.

[0247] Optionally, the tab 804 may have two or more engagement stages (e.g., two or more features that can engage with the retention surface 806 and / or other surfaces of the male fastener 106, allowing the clinician to select the depth to which the male fastener 106 is inserted into the slot 202). The flexible locking mechanism 804 (e.g., tab) may have two or more engagement stages. For example, for severely maloccluded teeth, the clinician may want the dental arch form 100 to partially engage with the slot 202. This will allow for maximum occlusion and flexibility of the dental arch form 100, allowing the dental arch form 100 to more easily connect to the displaced teeth. When the teeth are occluded, the clinician can push and lock the dental arch form 100 further into the slot 202 to obtain a full expression of the dental arch form 100. The slot 202 may have one or more tapered sides that contact the male fastener 106 when it is slid into the slot 202. This can eliminate play between the dental arch form 100 (eg, male fastener 106) and the bracket 200 and can provide improved tooth control.

[0248] Optionally, the brackets described are positioned on the lingual or labial sides of the patient's teeth.

[0249] Optionally, the brackets and non-slip arch forms described herein can cooperate to effect translational movement of the patient's teeth. Optionally, the same locking mechanism can be used for the molars and mandibular anterior teeth. Optionally, the arch form contours can be flexible and extensible enough to level and align the patient's teeth during the early stages of malocclusion treatment. Optionally, the brackets and arch forms disclosed herein can be designed to reduce the risk of inadvertent binding between the brackets and arch form, for example, when the arch form is removed from an adjacent bracket. Optionally, the brackets and arch form reduce the amount of slippage (e.g., slop) between the arch form and the brackets. Optionally, the arch form includes features such as handles, grips, etc. that can be used to manipulate the arch form, reducing deformation and / or damage to the arch form. Optionally, the brackets are bonded to the patient's teeth with sufficient shear and tensile strength to reduce the likelihood of inadvertent debonding. Optionally, the brackets can be debonded from the teeth using lingual debonding or debonding pliers without damaging the patient's tooth enamel. Optionally, dental arch forms made from nickel-titanium, stainless steel, titanium-molybdenum alloys, shape memory alloys, superelastic metals, and / or other suitable alloys can be used. Optionally, the brackets can reduce adhesive penetration into the brackets. Optionally, the same locking mechanism can be used for all teeth. Optionally, the bracket surfaces (e.g., lingual surfaces) and / or other surfaces are rounded, which can include a radius of 0.050 to 0.010 inches, 0.010 to 0.015 inches, 0.015 to 0.020 inches, 0.020 to 0.025 inches, and / or greater than 0.025 inches. Optionally, the brackets do not inadvertently open when the patient brushes their teeth. Optionally, knot wings can be used in addition to the locking mechanisms disclosed herein. Optionally, the interdental loops of the archform do not pierce the patient's gum line during placement of the archform.

[0250] Optionally, the arch form can be activated by distorting the arch form away from its default position and inserting it into a snap-fit ​​position in an orthodontic bracket bonded to the tooth. When this elastic distortion occurs, the arch form can exert a reaction force in a direction that returns the arch form to its designed configuration, thereby transmitting force to the teeth and resulting in orthodontic tooth movement.

[0251] This arch form activation allows for complete control of all tooth movements in three-dimensional space.

[0252] For mesial-distal tooth movement, if there is space between adjacent teeth, snapping the archwire to the orthodontic brackets can deform the interdental structures in one or more directions, which can activate the dental arch form and cause the space to close in the mesial-distal direction. On the other hand, if there is overlap between adjacent teeth, snapping the dental arch form to the orthodontic brackets can deform the interdental structures in a different direction, which can also activate the archwire and cause the space to open in the mesial-distal direction.

[0253] For occlusal-gingival tooth movement, if adjacent teeth are not at the same height, the arch form can be snapped onto the orthodontic bracket to distort the connection between the archwire connector and the interdental structures in an oblique manner, which activates the arch form and results in tooth correction in the occlusal-gingival direction.

[0254] For facio-lingual tooth movement, the arch form can snap onto the orthodontic bracket, pushing the wire away from its original position, which activates the arch form and results in tooth correction in the facio-lingual direction.

[0255] The various configurations of dental arch forms and orthodontic brackets that have been discussed may provide one or more of the advantages as described herein.

[0256] When compared to the rectangular size of an edgewise appliance, the vertical male connector can provide a longer arm for the bonding force to the orthodontic bracket, allowing for orthodontic control of upper mesial-distal angulation and facial-lingual tilt. Additionally, the extent of the two parallel lateral bars of some male connectors allows them to function like twin orthodontic brackets in providing a force couple when handling any axial rotation.

[0257] Interdental structures allow the practitioner to adjust the stiffness of the arch form, which can provide versatility for the cross-sectional configuration of the same arch form to be used in a variety of cases.

[0258] The interdental structures may be designed to allow the patient to easily floss while undergoing orthodontic treatment.

[0259] The interdental structures can be designed to have a particular type of shape, including loops and complex 3D shapes, which can be designed to hold elastic rubber bands.

[0260] The dental arch form can be designed to be activated to move the teeth. This type of activation can be self-activating and self-limiting because it may not require the use of external forces such as power chains and coil springs to move the teeth. This type of activation can also be self-limiting because the dental arch form only exerts a force that returns the arch form to its original shape, which may eliminate the need for frequent visits.

[0261] This approach may also not allow for slippage of the dental arch form relative to the orthodontic brackets, thus making tooth movement much more predictable.

[0262] 9A and 9B illustrate a bracket assembly 201 (e.g., a two-piece bracket assembly). As shown in FIG. 9A, the bracket assembly 201 can include a pad (receiving pad, receiving base, or base) 500 that can receive an orthodontic bracket 200, which can be coupled to a male fastener on a dental arch form to facilitate tooth movement. The pad 500 can be bonded to a patient's tooth (e.g., on the lingual or labial side of the patient's tooth) and can receive the bracket 200. The pad 500 can be modified for attachment to various teeth, depending on the size of the tooth and / or the desired control. For example, a wider pad 500 can be used to improve rotational control of the tooth without increasing the width of the bracket 200. This allows the bracket 200 to be used more widely between different teeth without having to be modified. Optionally, the pad 500 can be varied, or different pads 500 can be used to allow the same style of bracket 200 (e.g., a common bracket) to be more widely used across different teeth. This can reduce the number of different brackets needed for a treatment plan, which can reduce cost and / or complexity. The shape and / or contour of the pad 500 can be economically varied because the pad 500 is separate from the bracket 200. Optionally, the bracket 200 and pad 500 can be formed together.

[0263] The pad 500 can be manufactured via various techniques, such as injection molding, casting, machining, and additive manufacturing. In some instances, metal injection molding may be preferred. The pad 500 may include a pocket (opening, void, recess, hole, receiving space) 502 to receive the bracket 200. A portion of the periphery of the pocket 502 may include a filler material 504 that can be used to weld (e.g., laser weld) the bracket 200 to the pad 500. The filler material 504 may be disposed on the peripheral sides (e.g., mesial and distal sides) of the pocket 502 so that the peripheral sides (e.g., mesial and distal sides) of the pocket 502 can be welded (e.g., laser welded) to the sides (e.g., mesial and distal sides) of the bracket 200. Optionally, the pad 500 and the bracket 200 may be tack-welded together prior to laser welding.

[0264] The pad 500 may include undercuts (notches, gaps, textured surfaces, voids, slots) 506 to facilitate an improved bond between the pad 500 and the patient's teeth. The undercuts 506 may be molded into the pad 500. Optionally, the undercuts 506 may be machined into the pad 500. The undercuts 506 may be located on the side of the pad 500 opposite the pocket 502. The undercuts 506 may extend the width of the pad 500. The undercuts 506 may extend between the mesial and distal sides of the pad 500. A pad 500 that is separate from the bracket 200 may have the undercuts 506 conveniently molded into it.

[0265] The pad 500 can have angled surfaces 508, 509 similar to the angled surfaces 376 described elsewhere herein, which can facilitate inserting the male fastener 106 into the bracket 200. The angled surfaces 508, 509 can be positioned on opposite sides of the retaining portion 208. The angled surfaces 376 can facilitate positioning the male fastener 106 at an angle, possibly parallel to the face 214 of the bracket 200, within the slot 202 of the bracket 200 before being securely held within or removed from the bracket 200.

[0266] As previously described, the brackets 200 may be placed in the pockets 502 of the pad 500 during use. Optionally, the brackets 200 may be used separately from the pad 500 and bonded to the patient's teeth. The brackets 200 may be manufactured via a variety of techniques, such as injection molding, casting, machining, additive manufacturing, etc. In some instances, metal injection molding may be preferred.

[0267] The bracket 200 may be used with the dental archform 100 to move the patient's teeth utilizing a non-slip mechanism. The orthodontic bracket 200 may include a slot 202 capable of receiving a male fastener of the dental archform. At least a portion of the slot 202 may be defined by a face 214 of the bracket 200. At least a portion of the slot 202 may be defined by a retainer 208. The retainer 208 may have a protrusion 210 similar to the protrusions described elsewhere herein. The protrusion 210 may include a curved portion 211 that extends across the face 214 of the bracket 200. The curved portion 211 may help retain the male fastener 106 within the bracket 200.

[0268] The protrusion 210 can extend across the slot 202 and help retain the male fastener. The retention portion 208 can be on the gingival side of the bracket 200. Optionally, the retention portion 208 can be located on the occlusal side of the bracket 200. The retention portion 208 and / or the protrusion 210 can include an angled surface 238 that can facilitate positioning the male fastener at an angle within the slot 202 of the bracket 200 before it is securely retained therein or removed therefrom. Similarly, the retention portion 208 can have a recess 240 (e.g., an undercut), as detailed elsewhere herein. The recess 240 can allow (e.g., facilitate) the male fastener to rotate out of or into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 without being inhibited by the retention portion 208, as detailed elsewhere herein.

[0269] The retaining portion 208 may include a C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., a spring, a leaf spring). As described elsewhere herein, the C-shaped spring 256 may help securely hold the male fastener within the bracket 200. The retaining portion 208 may have an opening 352 that holds the C-shaped spring 256. The opening 352 may be oval to allow the C-shaped spring 256 to bend (e.g., distort). The periphery of the opening 352 may prevent the C-shaped spring 256 from bending beyond a desired range. The opening 352 may be oriented perpendicular to the face 214 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 may be oriented perpendicular to the face 214 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 may extend between the retaining portion 208 and the face 214 of the bracket 200 and / or may extend partially through the retaining portion 208 and the face 214 of the bracket 200 .

[0270] The C-shaped spring 256 may be exposed to at least a portion of the slot 202. When the male fastener 106 is inserted into the slot 202, it may contact and bend the C-shaped spring 256. The C-shaped spring 256 may apply a force to the male fastener 106, pushing the male fastener 106 toward the stops 204, 205, which may retain the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The C-shaped spring 256 may be positioned away from the handle 380 of the male fastener 106 during installation to reduce the risk of the C-shaped spring 256 being damaged by tools such as pliers, an explorer tool, or the like. The C-shaped spring 256 may extend through the protrusion 216. Optionally, the protrusion 216 may be offset from the C-shaped spring 256.

[0271] The bracket 200 may include stops 204, 205. The stops 204, 205 may be separated by a gap 368 therebetween. The stops 204, 205 may have notches 374, 375 (e.g., recesses, voids, spaces) that receive wedges 382, ​​383 (e.g., fingers) of the male fastener 106. The notches 374, 375 and the wedges 382, ​​383 may cooperate to prevent slippage (e.g., to reduce lateral movement) between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200. The stops 204, 205 may include beveled surfaces (e.g., sloping surfaces, angled surfaces, ramps) 392, 393. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may extend from the face 214 to the notches 374, 375. The bevels 392, 393 may be angled to interact with the wedges 382, ​​383. The stops 204, 205 may be positioned adjacent to the sides (e.g., longitudinal, mesial, and distal) of the bracket 200. The stops 204, 205 may be located on opposite sides of the bracket 200 relative to the retainer 208.

[0272] The gap 368 can receive a handle 380 (e.g., a tab) of the male fastener 106. The handle 380, positioned between the stops 204, 205, can help prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket.

[0273] The bracket 200 may have a protrusion 216 that is similar to other protrusions 216 described herein. The protrusion 216 may extend from the face 214 of the bracket 200. The protrusion 216 may extend between longitudinal sides of the bracket 200 (e.g., between the mesial and distal sides). The protrusion 216 may press the male fastener 106 against the protrusion 210 and / or the notches 374, 375 when the male fastener 106 is positioned in the slot 202 of the bracket 200 for secure retention.

[0274] FIG. 10A shows bracket assembly 201 with pad 500 and bracket 200. Bracket assembly 201, pad 500, and / or bracket 200 shown in FIG. 10A may include the same or similar features as bracket assembly 201, pad 500, and / or bracket 200 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. Optionally, bracket 200 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B may be used for a patient's lower anterior teeth, while bracket 200 shown in FIG. 10A may be used for all of the patient's other teeth (e.g., molars, etc.). Bracket 200 shown in FIG. 10A may be referred to as a universal bracket because it can be used for most of a patient's teeth.

[0275] The bracket 200 shown in FIG. 10A may include an opening (hole, void, opening) 394. The opening 394 can receive a protrusion (cylinder, protrusion, post, pin) 510 of the pad 500. The protrusion 510 can be inserted through the opening 394. As described elsewhere herein, the bracket 200 can be tack-welded to the pad 500 before laser welding during bonding. However, as shown in FIG. 10A, the protrusion 510 can be inserted into the opening 394 and laser-welded to the bracket 200 to eliminate the tack-welding step before laser welding. Laser-welding the protrusion 510 to the bracket 200 when positioned within the opening 394 can prevent the bracket 200 from lifting out of the pocket 502 when one of the longitudinal sides of the bracket 200 (e.g., the mesial or distal side) is laser-welded.

[0276] The bracket 200 shown in FIG. 10A may be narrow enough to be used on most of a patient's teeth, but may not be wide enough for effective rotational control for the molars (e.g., insufficient distance between longitudinal sides, insufficient distance between mesial and distal sides). Thus, the pad 500 may have a width that provides effective rotational control for the molars without the need to make the bracket 200 wide. The pad 500 shown in FIG. 10A may be wider for improved rotational control compared to the pad 500 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.

[0277] The pad 500 shown in FIG. 10A may include features similar to (e.g., inherit features of) the narrow bracket 200 to improve rotational control while still using the bracket 200. For example, the pad 500 may include protrusions (ridges) 514, 515 that may be similar to the protrusions 216 of the bracket 200. The protrusions 514, 515 may be distributed on opposite sides of the bracket 200. The protrusions 514, 515 may be distributed on opposite sides of the bracket 200 from the protrusions 216 of the bracket 200. The protrusions 514, 515 may be aligned with the protrusions 216 of the bracket 200. The protrusions 514, 515 may help retain the male fasteners 106 of the dental arch form 100 within the bracket 200 to facilitate an anti-slip mechanism. The protrusions 514, 515, like the protrusion 216 of the bracket 200, can press the male fastener 106 of the dental arch form 100 against the protrusion 210 and / or the stops 204, 205. Optionally, the protrusions 514, 515 can actually be extensions of the protrusion 216.

[0278] 10A may include inclined surfaces (angled surfaces, slopes) 512, 513, which may be similar to the inclined surfaces 392, 393. The inclined surfaces 512, 513 may be distributed on opposite sides of the bracket 200. The inclined surface 512 may be positioned adjacent to the inclined surface 392. The inclined surface 513 may be positioned adjacent to the inclined surface 393. The inclined surfaces 512, 513 may interact with the wedges 382, ​​383 of the male fastener 106. The inclined surfaces 512, 513 may interact with the wedges 382, ​​383 to prevent slippage between the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) and the bracket 200 (e.g., to reduce lateral movement) and / or to control rotational movement of the teeth. Optionally, the ramp surfaces 512, 513 can be offset from the wedges 382, ​​383 in a neutral position, but can come into contact with the wedges 382, ​​383 upon rotational movement. Optionally, the ramp surfaces 512, 513 can actually be extensions of the ramps 392, 393.

[0279] 10B and 10C show the male fastener 106 of the dental arch form 100 positioned in the slot 202 of the bracket 200. The male fastener 106 can include a handle 380 that can be grasped to manipulate the male fastener 106. The handle 380 can be positioned in the gap 368 between the stops 204, 205. The handle 380 can include a flange 396. The flange 396 can be positioned on the end of the male fastener 106 and / or the handle 380. The flange 396 can be positioned on the opposite side of the handle 380. The flange 396 can include two flanges, as shown.

[0280] As described elsewhere herein, the male fastener 106 can be inserted into the slot 202 of the bracket 200 at an angle, which can be facilitated by the angled surface 238 and / or the inclined surfaces 508, 509 of the protrusion 210. The male fastener 106 can press against the C-shaped spring 256, which can distort the C-shaped spring 256 and rotate the male fastener 106 toward the face 214 of the bracket 200. Optionally, the male fastener 106 can include a recess 402 (e.g., a curved recess, a groove) that can interact with the C-shaped spring 256, as shown in FIG. 10B . The recess 402 can be positioned opposite the handle 380.

[0281] When the male fastener 106 is substantially parallel to the face 214 of the bracket 200, the male fastener 106 can be pressed against the stops 204, 205 by the C-shaped spring 256. The wedges 282, 283 can be positioned in the notches 374, 375 and / or can contact the beveled surfaces 392, 393. A protrusion 216, as described elsewhere herein, can press the male fastener 106 against the protrusion 210 and / or the stops 204, 205. The protrusions 514, 515 can press the male fastener 106 against the protrusion 210 and / or the stops 204, 205. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 can contact the wedges 282, 283, which can include pressing the wedges 282, 283 against the stops 204, 205. As the male catch 106 is pushed by the C-spring 256 towards the stops 204, 205, the ramps 392, 393 can push the wedges 282, 283 into the notches 374, 375. Optionally, the ramp surfaces 512, 513 of the pad 500 can interact with the wedges 382, ​​383. Optionally, the ramp surfaces 512, 513 can be offset from the wedges 382, ​​383 in a neutral position, but can interact in a rotational movement.

[0282] 10C, the features of pad 500 can increase the effective bracket width of bracket 200 compared to the actual width of bracket 200. Sloped surfaces 512, 513 and / or protrusions 514, 515 can increase the effective bracket width of bracket 200, which may include providing increased rotational control.

[0283] The bracket assembly 201, with its separate pad 500 and bracket 200, can reduce the number of bracket types needed to treat a patient, as described elsewhere herein. Optionally, one bracket design can be used for the mandibular anterior teeth, while other bracket designs can be used for the molars and all other teeth. When manufactured with metal injection molding (MIM) technology, this can reduce mold costs by eliminating the required bracket mold quality. This can result in higher volume manufacturing runs due to the broader applicability of the bracket 200, thereby reducing costs. The bracket assembly 201 can improve tooth rotation control (for any given tooth) without increasing the width of the bracket 200.

[0284] 11A illustrates a bracket assembly 201 (e.g., a two-piece bracket assembly). The bracket assembly 201 may include a pad 500 to which an orthodontic bracket 200 is bonded. The orthodontic bracket 200 can receive an arch-form male fastener 106 to facilitate tooth movement. As shown, the male fastener 106 is securely held by the bracket 200 via stops 204, 205 and a retaining portion 208 (e.g., protrusion 210).

[0285] As described elsewhere herein, the handle 380 may include a flange 396 that may be described as forming a hammerhead shape. The handle 380 may be positioned between the stops 204, 205 to help prevent relative movement between the bracket 200 and the male fastener 106. The handle 380 may be used to remove the male fastener 106 from the bracket 200 and / or to place the male fastener 106 on the bracket 200. In some variations, the handle 380 may extend from the bracket 200 in an occlusal direction. In some variations, the handle 380 may extend from the bracket 200 in a gingival direction. In some variations, an opening / closing tool using equal and opposite forces may be used to place and / or remove the male fastener 106 on the dental arch form 100. In some variations, a hemostat or forceps type tool may be used to place and / or remove the male fastener 106 on the dental arch form 100.

[0286] For example, to remove the male fastener 106, one side of the forceps can grasp the handle 380 at the surface 532 (e.g., the occlusal surface) and the other side of the forceps can grasp the retainer 208 at the surface 354 (e.g., the gingival or subgingival surface). The operator squeezes the forceps together to press the male fastener 106 against the C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., an oval spring), as shown in FIG. 11B, which compresses the C-shaped spring 256 and moves the male fastener 106 (e.g., the occlusal edge located on the side opposite the handle 380) out from under the stops 204, 205 of the bracket 200. The forceps can be rotated away from the stops 204, 205 to rotate the male fastener 106 so that it is uncoupled from the bracket 200.

[0287] The bracket 200 and / or the male fastener 106 may include features to prevent overtravel (e.g., excessive strain) of the C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., an elliptical spring). As described elsewhere herein, the bracket 200 may include a guide 366 (e.g., a guide rail, a protrusion, a longitudinal protrusion, a bar). The guide 366 may maintain the position of the C-shaped spring 256 within the opening 352 and / or may prevent the C-shaped spring 256 from being over-strained (e.g., from being strained beyond its elastic limit). For example, in some variations, the C-shaped spring 256 may be strained until it contacts the guide 366. In some variations, the perimeter of the opening 352 may limit the strain of the C-shaped spring 256 to protect against overtravel. As described elsewhere herein, the opening 352 can be located on the retaining portion 208 and / or on a portion of the bracket 200 opposite the retaining portion 208. In some variations, the surface 130 of the male fastener 106 can engage a surface 520 of the bracket 200 (e.g., the retaining portion 208) to help prevent overtravel of the C-shaped spring 256 during compression. For example, the surface 130 of the male fastener 106 can be displaced toward the surface 520 of the bracket 200 until it contracts, which can prevent further distortion of the C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., can prevent overtravel of the elliptical spring 256). One or more of the features detailed above can prevent the elliptical spring 256 from overtraveling or being compressed beyond its elastic limit, even when an operator may over-squeeze the forceps.

[0288] For installation, the portion of the male fastener 106 opposite the handle 380 can be positioned under the protrusion 210 of the retaining portion 208 of the bracket 200 to contact and / or position adjacent to the C-shaped spring 256 so that the male fastener 106 is angled relative to the bracket 200. In some variations, the recess 402 of the male fastener 106 can contact the C-shaped spring 256. In some variations, an operator can grasp the handle 380 of the male fastener 106 to position the male fastener 106, as described above. The angled surfaces 508, 509 and / or the chamfer 238 can assist an operator in positioning the male fastener 106, as described above.

[0289] To securely couple the male fastener 106 to the bracket 200, one side of the forceps can grasp the handle 380 on surface 532 and the other side of the forceps can grasp the retainer 208 at surface 354. The operator can squeeze the forceps together to press the male fastener 106 against the C-shaped spring 256, which allows the operator to pivot the male fastener 106 around the stops 204, 205 towards the bracket 200 as the C-shaped spring 256 is compressed. The operator can stop squeezing (e.g., applying a compressive force) with the forceps or similar tool, which can release the C-shaped spring 256 to apply a force to the male fastener 106 so that the male fastener 106 is pressed against and / or under the stops 204, 205. C-spring 256 may be protected against excessive travel or strain beyond its elastic limit at least through the features described elsewhere herein.

[0290] As described elsewhere herein, the bracket assembly 201, which includes the pad 500 and the bracket 200, allows a single bracket design to be used across several teeth. Instead of varying the bracket 200 for each tooth, the pad 500 can be varied as needed for each tooth. For example, the pad 500 can be different sizes and / or have different features depending on the tooth to which it is bonded, but can still accept and / or bond to the bracket 200. This can reduce costs. For example, the number of styles (e.g., SKUs) of the bracket 200 can be reduced, which can result in a higher volume manufacturing run of the bracket 200 and reduce costs. The pad 500 can be cheaper to manufacture than the bracket 200 because molding the pad can be cheaper than molding the bracket, which can result in lower manufacturing costs because there is more pad variety than bracket variety.

[0291] In some variations, a mandibular anterior bracket, such as bracket 200 shown in Figures 11A-11C, can be used with pad 500 on the lower three teeth, and another style of bracket 200, such as that shown in Figure 12, can be used with pad 500 (which may vary from tooth to tooth) on all of the patient's other teeth. This allows two bracket designs to be used with various styles of pad 500 during orthodontic treatment.

[0292] As previously described, the pad 500 may vary from tooth to tooth despite using the same bracket 200. For example, different "torques" may be applied to some pads 500 to help keep the interdental loops 103 of the dental arch form 100 away from the patient's gums. The "torque" may be implemented on the pad 500 instead of the bracket 200, as previously described, since the pad 500 may vary from tooth to tooth while accepting the same style of bracket 200. In some variations, the "torque" may be implemented on the pad 500 instead of the bracket 200, as the magnitude of the "torque" may be individually tailored for each specific tooth of the patient. In some variations, the "torque" may be angle A, as shown in FIG. 11C , between the surface 534 of the patient's tooth and the bottom surface of the male fastener 106. In some variations, for example, the pad 500 for the bottom 3 teeth may have a 10 degree torque (as shown in FIG. 11C ), although other torque angles are contemplated, such as 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, 11 degrees, 12 degrees, 13 degrees, 14 degrees, 15 degrees, 16 degrees, 17 degrees, 18 degrees, 19 degrees, 20 degrees, or greater. In some variations, the pad 500 for the molars may have a 0 degree torque, although other torque angles are contemplated, such as 1 degree, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, or greater. In some variations, the pad 500 for teeth other than the molars and bottom 3 teeth may have a 5 degree torque, although other torque angles are contemplated, such as 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, or greater.

[0293] 12 shows multiple bracket assemblies 201 coupled to a dental arch form 100. As shown, the pads 500 have widths to increase rotational control of the teeth to which a given pad 500 is coupled. The dental arch form 100 (e.g., archwire) may include hooks 107 (e.g., loops) that can allow for the use of elastics such as bands. This can facilitate the treatment of Class II and Class III malocclusions.

[0294] 13A and 13B show a bracket 600. The bracket 600 may include some or all of the features described with reference to other brackets or assemblies described herein. The bracket 600 may include undercuts (notches, gaps, textured surfaces, voids, slots) 506 similar to those described with reference to the pads described above. The undercuts 506 can facilitate an improved bond between the bracket 600 and the patient's teeth (e.g., adhesive can flow into the undercuts 506). In contrast to some of the assemblies described above, the bracket 600, in some variations, does not have a separate pad and instead may include an undercut 506 on the side of the bracket 600. The bracket 600 may be referred to as a one-piece bracket or a one-piece bracket / pad assembly.

[0295] The bracket 600 may include a C-shaped spring 256 (e.g., a spring, a leaf spring, a spring lock pin, a locking spring, a round locking spring). The C-shaped spring 256 may be positioned in an opening 352 of the bracket 600, below the overhang 210 of the bracket 600. The opening 352 may extend through the bottom of the bracket 600 (e.g., the side of the bracket 600 of the undercut 506). The C-shaped spring 256 may be installed through the opening 352 that extends through the bottom of the bracket 600. The C-shaped spring 256 may include one or more tabs 608 (i.e., flanges) that may engage the periphery of the opening 352 to facilitate positioning the C-shaped spring 256. The opening 352 can be covered on the bottom side of the bracket 600 to help secure the C-shaped spring 256 in place and / or to prevent adhesive from flowing into the opening 352. The opening 352 can be covered via various techniques, such as with a metal sheet, a mesh pad, and / or others. In some variations, the metal sheet covering the opening 352 can be welded at one or more locations 604. In some variations, the mesh pad can facilitate improved bonding with the tooth surface on which the bracket 600 is positioned. In some variations, the bracket 600 can include a groove 606 (i.e., a passageway) that can facilitate positioning or removal of a cover over the opening 352. For example, the groove 606 can allow a tool to access the cover over the opening 352 and / or allow a tool to place the cover over the opening 352.

[0296] The bracket 600 may include a protrusion 602, also referred to as a ridge, engagement area, protrusion, etc. The protrusion 602 may be disposed on the retainer 208, which may include being formed as part of the retainer 208. The protrusion 602 may be engaged by a tool (e.g., an opening / closing tool) to install the male fastener 106 on the bracket 600 or to remove the male fastener 106 from the bracket 600.

[0297] 13C shows a segment of the dental arch form 100 coupled with a bracket 600. The segment of the dental arch form 100 shown can correspond to a particular tooth of the patient, such as a front tooth, or a particular portion of the patient's dental arch. The dental arch form 100 includes a male fastener 106 that can be coupled to the bracket 600. The male fastener 106 can include a tongue 380 (i.e., a tab, a handle) that can be positioned between the stops 204, 205. In other words, the tongue 380 can be positioned in the gap 368 between the stops 204, 205. The handle 380 can include a flange 396 (tab) that can help secure the male fastener 106 to the bracket 600.

[0298] The male fastener 106 may include arms 612 that can help secure the male fastener 106 and the bracket 600 together. For example, the male fastener 106 may include arms 612. In some variations, the male fastener 106 may include two arms. In some variations, the male fastener 106 may include one, three, four, or more arms 216. The arms 612 can grip, hold, grab, embrace, snap around, and / or otherwise interact with the bracket 600 (e.g., the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208) to provide enhanced gripping control. In some variations, the arms 612 can snap around the lateral sides (e.g., the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208). The arms 612 can extend in a direction opposite the tongue 380. In some variations, the arms 612 can curve outward, away from the central longitudinal axis of the male fastener 106. The arms 612 can hold the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fasteners 106) in place on the bracket 600 when an operator positions a tool (e.g., an opening / closing tool) to secure the dental arch form 100 to the bracket 600, as described herein. Specifically, the arms 612 can hold the male fasteners 106 to the bracket 600 during the installation process, which may include lightly holding them, and can further secure the male fasteners 106 to the bracket 600 after installation. For example, the arms 612 can hold the dental arch form 100 in place (e.g., couple the male fasteners 106 to the bracket 600) while a clinician positions a tool (e.g., an opening / closing tool) to secure the dental arch form 100 to the bracket 600 (e.g., to position the male fasteners 106 within the bracket 600). This can free the clinician from holding the dental arch form 100 with one hand while repositioning a tool (e.g., an opening / closing tool) with the other hand. The arms 612 can be coupled to the retainer 208 of the bracket 600. For example, the arms 612 can extend to engage the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208, which engagement can include coupling, contacting, grasping, etc.In some variations, the arm 612 can apply a force to the retaining portion 208 when secured around the retaining portion 208. In some variations, the arm 612 can be offset from the interdental loop 103 extending from the male fastener portion 106. In some variations, the arm 612 can have a curvature that corresponds to a portion of the interdental loop.

[0299] FIG. 13D illustrates a segment of the dental arch form 100 that may include at least some or all of the features of the dental arch form described elsewhere herein. The segment of the dental arch form 100 illustrated in FIG. 13D may be used on molar teeth. The male fastener 106 may include a recess 402 (e.g., a curved recess, groove) that can couple to the retainer 208 of the bracket 600. The male fastener 106 may be positioned on the bracket 600 such that the recess 402 receives the C-shaped spring 256. The male fastener 106 may include a curvature 614, also referred to as a hip. The curvature 614 may be positioned on the opposite lateral side (e.g., mesial and distal sides) of the male fastener 106. The curvature 614 may engage with a feature of the bracket 600 that can facilitate rotational control. For example, in some variations, the curvature 614 may engage with the retainer 208 and / or other portions of the bracket 600.

[0300] The dental arch form 100 may include arms 612. The arms 612 may extend in a direction opposite the tongue portion 380. The arms 612 may be of various lengths. The arms 612 may be straight, curved, and / or other configurations. The arms 612 may include engagement features 613 (also referred to as tabs, flanges, etc.) that may engage with features of the bracket 600, such as the retainers 208, to retain the male fasteners 106 to the bracket 600. The engagement features 613 may be located proximate the ends of the arms 612. The engagement features 613 may extend inward, which may include toward a central longitudinal axis of the male fasteners 106. During installation, the clinician may first engage the dental arch form 100 with the molar bracket. The arms 612 can secure the dental arch form 100 to one or more brackets 600, which can prevent the dental arch form 100 from disengaging from the brackets 600 when the clinician repositions the opening / closing tool to place the male fasteners 106 on the brackets 600.

[0301] The dental arch form 100 can be conveniently cut to a desired length, as shown in FIG. 13D. The bracket 600 can protect the patient from unpleasant burrs from the cutting operation. The interdental loops 103 can be engaged by elastics as part of the treatment plan. In some variations, the interdental loops 103 can act as hooks to engage the elastics.

[0302] FIG. 13E shows a dental arch form 100 with customized features 616. As described elsewhere herein, dental arch forms and brackets can be positioned on the labial or lingual sides of the patient's teeth. The customized features 616 can be aesthetically pleasing (e.g., stylized) or can convey a message. Thus, the dental arch form 100 with customized features 616 can be positioned on the labial side of the teeth. In some variations, the customized features 616 can include text, logos, symbols, and / or features. For example, as shown, the customized features 616 can include text that conveys a message, causing the patient to display the message when smiling. The customized features 616 can be part of and / or positioned on the interdental loops 103. In some variations, the customized features 616 can be positioned on other portions of the dental arch form 100. In some variations, the customized features may be a different color than the rest of the dental arch form 100 to allow for easier identification.

[0303] 14A-14B show a tool 700, also referred to as an opening / closing tool, that can be used to position the male fasteners 106 of the dental arch form 100 in the brackets 600. The tool 700 can be used to grip a portion of the dental arch form 100, including the male fasteners 106, during installation and removal. The tool 700 can include two members 702 that pivot relative to one another at a pivot 704. Each member 702 can include a loop 703, also referred to as a gripping portion, that can be grasped by a clinician to rotate the members 702 relative to one another to grip or release a portion of the dental arch form 100. For example, FIG. 14A shows the tool 700 gripping the male fasteners 106 in the brackets 600. As shown in FIG. 14B , each of the members 702 can include a groove 706 that can facilitate a firm grip of the bracket 600, which can include the male fasteners 106 and / or protrusions 602. The groove 706 of one member 702 can engage with the tongue 708 of the male fastener 106, while the groove 706 of the other member 702 can engage with the protrusions 602 of the bracket 600. The tool 700 can engage / disengage the dental arch form 100 in an occlusal / gingival direction. The tool 700 can use equal and opposite forces to insert / remove the dental arch form 100 into / from the bracket 600, reducing discomfort to the patient. In some variations, the tool 700 can be molded as a single piece. FIG. 14C illustrates a tool 701, such as a hemostat. The tool 701 can be used to grasp, such as grip, a portion of the dental arch form 100, including the male fasteners 106, during installation and removal. The tool 701 may include two members 702 that can pivot relative to one another for gripping. The tool 701 may include a tip 703. The tip 703 may be formed through a variety of techniques, which may include using metal injection molding (MIM) manufacturing. The tip 703 may be attached to the members 702, for example, one tip 703 attached to each member 702. The tip 703 may be attached (e.g., laser or brazing) to each of the two members. In some variations, the tip 703 may be attached (e.g., laser or brazing) to the ends of the two members, respectively.In some variations, tool 701 can be purchased off the shelf and tip 703 can be manufactured and attached.

[0304] During placement, the clinician can grasp the segment of the dental arch form 100 that will be coupled with the patient's molar or other portion of the dental arch, which may be via the tool 700. The clinician can engage the arms 216 of the male fastener 106 with the bracket 600 placed on the patient's molar or other tooth, which may include positioning the arms 216 on opposite sides (e.g., mesial and distal) of the retaining portion 208 of the bracket 600. The male fastener 106 can be positioned at an angle relative to the face 214 of the bracket 600, as described elsewhere herein. For example, the inclined surfaces 508, 509 and / or the angled surface 238 can allow the male fastener 106 to be positioned at an angle relative to the face 214 of the bracket 600. With the arms 216 holding the male fastener 106 in the retaining portion 208 of the bracket 600, the clinician can release their grip on the tool 700 on the male fastener 106 to reposition the tool 700. The tool 700 can be repositioned so that one member 702 engages the tongue 380 of the male fastener 106 and the other member 702 engages the protrusion 602 of the bracket 600, which may include engaging the groove 706 as shown in FIG. 14B. The clinician can squeeze the loops 703 together to apply equal and opposite forces on the members 702 to the male fastener 106 and the protrusion 602 of the retaining portion 208, which can compress the C-shaped spring 256. With the C-shaped spring 256 compressed, the clinician can rotate the male fastener 106 toward the face 214 of the bracket 600, which can include positioning the male fastener 106 parallel to the face 214 of the bracket 600. The clinician can release the member 702 to cause the C-shaped spring 256 to press the male fastener 106 into the notches 374, 375 (also referred to as spaces or pockets) in the stops 204, 205 and secure the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket 600. As described elsewhere herein, the protrusion 216 (ridge) can press the male fastener 106 against the protrusion 210 to secure the male fastener 106 within the slot 202 of the bracket 600.

[0305] During removal, the clinician can grasp the male fastener 106 and bracket 600, which can be via tool 700, so that one member 702 engages with the tongue 380 of the male fastener 106 and the other member 702 engages with the protrusion 602 of the bracket 600, which can include engaging the groove 706 as shown in FIG. 14B. The clinician can squeeze the loops 703 together to apply equal and opposite forces with the member 702 to the male fastener 106 and the protrusion 602 of the retainer 208, which can compress the C-shaped spring 256. With the C-shaped spring 256 compressed, the male fastener 106 can be moved out of the notches 374, 375 in the stops 204, 205. The clinician can rotate the male fastener 106 away from the face 214 of the bracket 600, which may include positioning the male fastener 106 at an angle relative to the face 214 of the bracket 600. The inclined surfaces 508, 509 and / or the angled surface 238 can position the male fastener 106 at an angle relative to the face 214 of the bracket 600. The clinician can release the grip of the tool 700 on the male fastener 106 and the protrusion 602 and reposition it to grasp the male fastener 106 for removal from the bracket 600. In some variations, the bracket 600 does not have the protrusion 602, and the member 702 can engage with another feature of the bracket 600.

[0306] FIG. 15A shows a segment of a dental arch form 800. The dental arch form 800 can have a configuration that is set for an individual patient. The dental arch form 800 can be placed on the labial or lingual sides of the patient's teeth. The dental arch form 800 can be placed in the patient's mouth by the patient or by a clinician. Patient placement can advantageously reduce or eliminate the need for an in-person visit to an orthodontic office. In some variations, the dental arch form 800 can be placed on the patient's teeth without brackets. The dental arch form 800 can have a reduced profile, which can improve patient comfort. The small profile (i.e., low profile) of the dental arch form 800 can reduce or eliminate occlusion with the opposing dental arch. The dental arch form 800 can be bonded to the patient's teeth as described below, which can reduce chair time in the clinician's office to prepare the teeth for bonding. The dental arch form 800 can have a small profile, which can reduce speech impediments. In some variations, the low profile of the dental arch form 800 can prevent or reduce the swelling of the patient's lips after placement. The dental arch form 800 can be configured to facilitate easy flossing, so it does not need to be removed from the patient's mouth to eat or drink, reducing fit issues that can occur with trays.

[0307] The dental arch form 800 may include multiple male fasteners 106. The male fasteners 106 may be flat. The male fasteners 106 may have various shapes, including having four rounded corners with one side larger than the other. Adjacent male fasteners 106 may be separated by interdental loops 103, which may apply force to the patient's teeth and / or may be coupled with elastics according to a treatment plan. In some variations, straight segments or other configurations may separate adjacent male fasteners 106. The interdental loops 103 may extend gingivally or occlusally.

[0308] The male fastener 106 can be coupled to a mounting pad 803, also referred to as an adhesive foam layer, foam release tab, tab, foam mounting pad, mounting element, etc., which can include being attached, glued, and / or otherwise secured. In some variations, the mounting pad 803 includes adhesive on opposing sides, with one side adhered to the male fastener 106 and the other side adhered to a protective layer 802, also referred to as a protective release layer. In some variations, the mounting pad 803 can be referred to as double-sided tape. The mounting pad 803 can have various shapes that can vary depending on the size of the tooth. For example, a larger mounting pad 803 may be desired for larger teeth, while a smaller mounting pad 803 may be desired for smaller teeth. In some variations, a larger mounting pad 803 can provide increased rotational control, such as with a larger adhesive surface. The mounting pad 803 can include a shape with three curved corners, with one side of the mounting pad 803 being larger than the other. Mounting pad 803 may have a perimeter that is the same as a portion of male fastener 106. For example, a larger end of mounting pad 803 may have a perimeter that is the same or similar to male fastener 106. Mounting pad 803 may include aperture 378 that can be engaged by a tool to manipulate mounting pad 803 and / or dental arch form 800. Aperture 378 can receive at least a portion of a tool (e.g., an explorer, explorer tool) to manipulate mounting pad 803.

[0309] The protective layer 802 can be removed to expose the adhesive surface of the mounting pad 803. The protective layer 802 can have a portion 805 (also referred to as a tab) that extends beyond the perimeter of the mounting pad 803 when positioned thereon. The portion 805 can extend occlusally, gingivally, or in other directions. In some variations, the portion 805 extends away from the male clasp 106, which can be in the same direction as the interdental loop 103.

[0310] The dental arch form 800 can be formed per the patient's treatment plan. For example, the dental arch form 800 can be configured to be placed on the patient's maloccluded teeth so that it can exert a force on the teeth to move them from a first position to a second position. The dental arch form 800 can be formed via a scan and digital model of the patient's teeth. In some variations, the dental arch form 800 can soften and / or become more flexible when immersed in a fluid, such as water, that is above or below body temperature, depending on the material properties of the dental arch form 800. This can make the dental arch form 800 easier to manipulate during installation.

[0311] During installation, the protective layer 802 can be removed to expose the adhesive surface of the mounting pad 803, which is attached to the male fasteners 106. The mounting pad 803, with its exposed adhesive surface, can be pressed against each of the patient's teeth according to the treatment plan to adhere the mounting pad 803 to the respective surfaces of the patient's teeth. To remove the dental arch form 800, the clinician or patient can pull on the mounting pad 803, which can stretch the mounting pad 803 with a portion extending beyond the perimeter of the male fasteners 106 so that the adhesive bond between the adhesive surface of the mounting pad 803 and the tooth is broken. In some variations, the clinician or patient can pull on the mounting pad 803, which can stretch the mounting pad 803 in a direction parallel to the tooth surface to which it will be adhered, to break the adhesive bond between the mounting pad 803 and the patient's tooth. In some variations, the clinician or patient can pull the mounting pad 803 lingually and / or occlusally to break the adhesive bond, which may include stretching and breaking the adhesive bond and / or the mounting pad 803. In some variations, the clinician or user can interact with the holes 378, which may be via a tool, to pull the mounting pad 803 and break the adhesive bond. In some variations, the clinician or user can pull the mounting pad 803 lingually to stretch and break the foam adhesive layer between the dental arch form 800 and the teeth. To facilitate multiple installation attempts, the dental arch form 800 can be supplied with excess mounting pads 803 to replace if the mounting pad 803 is compromised (e.g., if the dental arch form 800 is dropped on a contaminated surface with the adhesive surface of the mounting pad 803 exposed).

[0312] FIG. 15B shows cap 804. Cap 804, in some variations, may be referred to as a veneer or porcelain veneer. Cap 804 may be thin. Cap 804 may be incorporated into dental arch form 800 to hide features of dental arch form 800 and / or to facilitate aesthetic appearance. For example, a posterior surface (e.g., other surface) of cap 804 may be bonded to male fasteners 106, other features of dental arch form 800, and / or the patient's teeth, which may include at least being glued, fastened, attached, etc., via a mounting pad similar to mounting pad 803 to hide features of dental arch form 800 and / or to facilitate aesthetic appearance. In some variations, a protective layer may be removed from a mounting pad adhered to cap 804 by the patient or clinician to expose an adhesive surface that can be pressed against the surface of the patient's respective teeth and / or male fasteners 106 to bond cap 804 to the patient's teeth. In some variations, a portion of the mounting pad adhered to the cap 804, which may be a transparent tab or portion, can protrude beyond the periphery of the cap 804 when the cap 804 is adhered to the surface of the patient's tooth and / or male fastener 106. The portion of the mounting pad protruding beyond the periphery of the cap 804, which may be a transparent tab or portion, can be pulled and / or stretched by the patient or clinician to break the adhesive bond between the patient's tooth surface and the adhesive surface of the mounting pad. In some variations, the adhesive can include a whitening solution to whiten the patient's teeth while the patient is wearing the appliance. In some variations, the rear surface of the cap 804 can include a disinfectant or other solution to prevent demineralization. In some variations, the mounting pad on the rear surface of the cap 804 can prevent or reduce the presence of gaps (e.g., nooks and crannies) between the cap 804 and the tooth surface, which can eliminate or reduce the need to include a disinfectant or other solution to prevent demineralization. Dental arch form 800 may be part of a treatment plan that uses multiple dental arch forms 800, as described elsewhere herein.The initial dental arch form 800 can be removed as described herein, and a second dental arch form 800 can be installed as needed to further move the maloccluded teeth. In some variations, a third, fourth, or more dental arch forms 800 can be installed and removed sequentially as part of the treatment plan.

[0313] The cap 804 can be three-dimensionally tooth-shaped, which can provide a superior fit for each tooth. The cap 804 can be molded to correspond to each of the patient's teeth, which can be based on a digital scan and / or model of the patient's teeth. In some variations, the cap 804 can be generally shaped to correspond to various teeth. In some variations, the cap 804 can be colored and / or shaped to provide aesthetic qualities to the patient's smile once in place. In some variations, the cap 804 can include various colors, designs, logos, lettering, symbols, etc. to customize the cap 804. In some variations, the color of the cap 804 can match the color of the patient's teeth.

[0314] In some variations, the dental arch form 800 can be placed using a soluble structure 808, such as a soluble tray or IDB tray, as shown in FIG. 15C. In some variations, the soluble structure 808 can be water-soluble, which may include being made from dissolved / dried (caramelized) sugar or cellulose. The soluble structure can become structurally rigid when it dries to hold the intercalated dental arch form 800 in the shape of the patient's current malocclusion, allowing the patient or clinician to easily place the dental arch form 800. The patient or clinician can rinse the patient's mouth with water after placement, causing the soluble structure 808 to dissolve. In some variations, the soluble structure 808 can dissolve without leaving behind solid waste. The soluble structure 808 can be easier to use than a typical IDB trap, which can facilitate patient placement. The soluble structure 808 can provide a more consumer-friendly appearance.

[0315] During placement, a protective layer 805 covering the adhesive surface of mounting pads 803, which are attached to each male fastener 106 of dental arch form 800, may be removed. With dental arch form 800 held in the shape of the patient's current malocclusion by soluble structures 808, dental arch form 800 may be placed on the patient's teeth along with soluble structures 808. After placement, the patient's mouth may be rinsed with a liquid, such as water, to dissolve soluble structures 808. In some variations, caps 804 may be adhered to male fasteners 106 and / or the patient's teeth.

[0316] FIG. 16A illustrates a bracket 900. The bracket 900 may include some or all of the features described with reference to other brackets or assemblies described herein. Some features of the bracket 900 may be interchangeable with features described with reference to other brackets or assemblies described herein. The bracket 900 may be positioned on the lingual or buccal side of a patient's teeth. The bracket 900 illustrated in FIGS. 16A-16C and 16E may be attached to any of a patient's teeth, but may be particularly adapted for molar teeth.

[0317] The bracket 900 can be coupled to a dental archform to facilitate moving the patient's teeth using a non-slip mechanism. In some variations, a sliding and / or non-slip mechanism can be used. In some variations, the bracket 900, and other brackets described herein, can have utility when used with dental archforms configured differently from those described herein. The bracket 900 can include a slot 202, also referred to as a receiving area or receiving space, that can receive a connector (e.g., a male connector) of a dental archform so that the connector is prevented from slipping relative to the bracket 900 when placed in the patient's mouth. The slot 202 can be positioned between a retaining portion 208 and stops 204, 205. The slot 202 can be at least partially defined between the retaining portion 208, the stops 204, 205, and a face 214 of the bracket 900.

[0318] As described herein, the retaining portion 208 can help retain the male connector within the slot 202. The retaining portion 208 can be positioned at least on or adjacent to the gingival or occlusal side of the bracket 900. The retaining portion 208 can extend from the face 214 of the bracket 900. The retaining portion 208 can include one or more features to enhance handling of the bracket 900. For example, the retaining portion 208 can have a protrusion 602, also referred to as a ridge, protrusion, or engagement area, that can be grasped by a tool during handling of the bracket 900. The protrusion 602 can extend in the gingival or occlusal direction.

[0319] The retaining portion 208 may include one or more features to improve retention of a male connector received in the bracket slot 202. For example, the retaining portion 208 may include an extension 210, such as a protrusion. The protrusion 210 can help retain the male connector within the slot 202. The protrusion 210 can be offset from the face 214. The protrusion 210 can extend across the slot 202 and / or the face 214. The protrusion 210 may include a curved portion 211 that extends across the face 214 of the bracket 900. The retaining portion 208 and / or the protrusion 210 may include an angled surface 238 that can facilitate the male connector being rotated toward the bracket face 214 and positioned at an angle within the slot 202 of the bracket 900 before being locked into the bracket 900, such as the slot 202. The retaining portion 208 may include a recess 240, also referred to as a gap, undercut, notch, space, etc., that may facilitate the male connector being rotated into and out of the slot 202 of the bracket 900, as described in detail herein.

[0320] The bracket 900 may include a spring 256 (e.g., a locking spring) that can facilitate locking the male fastener of the dental arch form within the bracket 900. The spring 256 may be a compressible material with elastic properties that can bias it into a specific position. The spring 256 may be a C-shaped spring, a round spring, a leaf spring, or the like. The spring 256 may be housed within an opening 352. The opening 352 may be disposed through at least a portion of the retainer 208. As shown in FIGS. 16B and 16C , the C-shaped spring 256 may be inserted into the opening 352 with the side of the bracket 900 opposite the face 214. The C-shaped spring 256 may be exposed in the slot 202 so that the male connector can contact the C-shaped spring 256 when positioned therein. The C-shaped spring 256 may be oriented with its longitudinal axis oriented perpendicular to the plane of the face 214. The opening 352 may be contoured and / or shaped to prevent tilting and / or rattle of the C-shaped spring 256 within the opening 352. The opening 352 may be bounded by a perimeter that can help prevent the C-shaped spring 256 from straining beyond a desired range (e.g., beyond elastic deformation).

[0321] The C-shaped spring 256 can be positioned around a guide 366 (e.g., a guide rail, protrusion, longitudinal projection, bar) as shown in FIGS. 16B and 16C . For example, the free longitudinal ends of the C-shaped spring 256 can be positioned on opposite sides of the guide 366 to apply a compressive force to secure the C-shaped spring 256 in place. The gap of the C-shaped spring 256 between the free longitudinal ends can be positioned across the guide 366. The guide 366 can be disposed around the periphery of the opening 352. The guide 366 can help maintain the position of the C-shaped spring 256 within the opening 352. The guide 366 can have a perimeter and / or cross-sectional size that increases as it extends further into the opening 352. This can help secure the C-shaped spring 256 to the guide 366. For example, the free longitudinal end of the C-shaped spring 256 may grip a larger perimeter of the guide portion 366 more tightly as the C-shaped spring 256 is inserted into the opening 352 .

[0322] In some variations, the spring 256 can be made from a superelastic material (e.g., NiTi). The spring 256 can be heat treated to increase or decrease the transformation temperature of the material forming the spring 256. Thus, the spring constant of the spring 256 can be altered (e.g., optimized) via heat treatment, which can change the amount of force a clinician needs to apply to insert or remove the male connector 106 from the slot 202 of the bracket 900. For example, heat treating the spring 256 to increase the transformation temperature can decrease the spring constant, making insertion and removal of the male connector 106 easier (e.g., requiring less force from the clinician). In some variations, the spring constant of the spring 256 can be decreased by exposing the spring 256 to a low temperature (e.g., by spraying it with cold water). The low temperature can be at least below body temperature in some variations. Exposure to a low temperature can change the spring 256 from the austenite phase to the martensite phase in some variations. Body heat can warm the spring 256, restoring its spring constant to the level it was at before exposure to the cold temperature.

[0323] With the C-shaped spring 256 positioned in the opening 352, a thin plate may be secured across the opening 352 to help prevent adhesives, such as bonding agents, from entering the opening 352. In some variations, a mesh may be applied across the thin plate to increase the bond strength between the bracket 900 and the tooth surface. The thin plate may be bonded to the bracket 900 via various techniques, which may include laser welding, adhesives, and the like. As described herein, with the arch-form male connector in the bracket 900, the C-shaped spring 256 may apply a force to the male connector that presses it against and / or at least partially below the stops 204, 205 so that the male connector is locked within the slot 202 of the bracket 900.

[0324] The stops 204, 205 can be adjacent opposite ends of the bracket 900 relative to the retaining portion 602. In some variations, the stops 204, 205 can be in a mirrored configuration about the central plane of the bracket 900. The stops 204, 205 can comprise receiving spacers 374, 375, respectively. The receiving spacers 374, 375 can be at least partially bounded by extensions (e.g., protrusions) of the stops 204, 205. The receiving spacers 374, 375, which may also be referred to as pockets or notches, can each receive a portion of the male connector to secure the male connector within the slot 202. In some variations, the bracket 900 can comprise two stops 204, 205. In some variations, the bracket 900 can comprise one, three, four, or more stops that can help retain the arch-form male connector within the bracket. The stops 204, 205 can be spaced apart from one another, which can be in a mesial-distal direction. A gap 368 can separate the stops 204, 205. The gap 368 can receive a portion of a male connector, as described herein. The portion of the surface 214 that spans the gap 368 can be at least flat, angled, or curved. The portion of the surface 214 that spans the gap 368 can be angled relative to other portions of the surface 214 and can be curved at the end of the bracket 900.

[0325] The bracket 900 may include beveled surfaces 392, 393. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may also be referred to as inclined surfaces, protrusions, angled surfaces, wedges, ridges, etc. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may extend away from the face 214 of the bracket 900. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may press the male connector against the stops 204, 205 to help secure the male connector in the slot 202. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may press the male connector against the protruding portions of the stops 204, 205. The beveled surfaces 392, 393 may include flat surfaces that can engage the male connector when it is secured in the slot 202. In some variations, the beveled surfaces 392, 393 may extend beyond the width of the stops 204, 205, respectively, which may help improve rotational control of the teeth.

[0326] The bracket 900 may include a protrusion 216 (e.g., a ridge). The protrusion 216 may extend from the face 214. The protrusion 216 applies a force to the male connector when positioned in the slot 202 to help secure the male connector against the stops 204, 205 and / or the protrusion 210 of the retaining portion 208. The protrusion 216 may extend laterally beyond the width of the retaining portion 208. The protrusion 216 may extend laterally beyond the stops 204, 205. In some variations, the opening 352 may obstruct a portion of the protrusion 216, which may help improve the center of rotation of the tooth.

[0327] Bracket 900 may include angled surfaces 508, 509 that can facilitate inserting the male connector into slot 202 of bracket 900 before rotating it toward face 214 of bracket 900 to lock the male connector into place. Angled surfaces 508, 509 may be positioned on opposite sides of retainer 208.

[0328] The bracket 900 may include lateral extensions 902, 903, which may also be referred to as lateral wings. The lateral extensions 902, 903 may help the bracket 900 better control molar movement. For example, the lateral extensions 902, 903 may facilitate better rotational control. The lateral extensions 902, 903 may also provide a larger surface area for the textured surface 506 for improved bonding.

[0329] Bracket 900 may include a textured surface 506, also referred to as a surface with undercuts, notches, gaps, voids, and / or slots, as shown in FIG. 16C . Textured surface 506 may be located on a side of bracket 900 opposite face 214. Textured surface 506 may facilitate bonding of bracket 900 to a patient's tooth surface. Specifically, an adhesive applied to textured surface 506 may bond textured surface 506 to a patient's tooth surface. Textured surface 506 may facilitate improved bonding by providing an increased surface area compared to a non-textured surface.

[0330] 16D shows the male connector 106 of the dental arch form 100. The male connector 106 may also be referred to as a connector, a fastener, a male fastener, etc. The male connector 106 and / or the dental arch form 100 may include some or all of the features described with reference to other brackets or assemblies described herein. Some features of the male connector 106 and / or the dental arch form 100 may be interchangeable with features described with reference to other male connectors 106 and / or dental arch forms 100.

[0331] The male connectors 106 can be retained in the slots 202 of the brackets 900 as described herein. The male connectors 106 can be oriented in different orientations to move the patient's teeth. The male connectors 106 can be positioned between interdental structures 103, which can also be referred to as interdental loops, bends, angles, features, etc. The interdental structures 103 can apply forces to adjacent male connectors 106 to move the patient's teeth as described herein. The interdental structures 103 can have various widths, lengths, curvatures, bends, etc. to apply various forces as desired.

[0332] The male connector 106 may have arms 612. The arms 612 may extend in a direction opposite to the direction of the tab 380 (e.g., lingual). The arms 612 may extend at least occlusally or gingivally. The arms 612 may grip one or more features of the bracket 900 to help secure the male fastener 106 and / or to provide improved control of the patient's teeth. The arms 612 may grip the retainer 208. For example, the arms 612 may grip, hold, grab, embrace, snap around, and / or otherwise interact with the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208. In some variations, the arms 612 may hold the dental arch form 100 (e.g., the male fastener 106) in place on the bracket 900 when an operator positions a tool to secure the dental arch form 100 to the bracket 900, as described herein. The arms 612 may have curved outer sides, which may help to better grip the retainer 208. A recess 402, also referred to as a gap, may be disposed between the arms 612. The recess 402 may receive the C-shaped spring 256 when the male connector 106 is engaged with the slot 202 of the bracket 900. A periphery defining at least a portion of the recess 402 may contact the C-shaped spring 256. The C-shaped spring 256 may apply a force to the periphery of the recess 402 to press the male connector 106 against the stops 204, 205, thereby positioning a portion of the male connector 106 below the stops 204, 205. The male connector 106 may have contact surfaces 910, 911 that may contact the stops 204, 205. The contact surfaces 910, 911 may be flat to provide a secure contact position with the stops 204, 205. The stops 204, 205 may have corresponding flat surfaces. The contact surfaces 910, 911 may be located on a side of the male fastener 106 opposite the arm 612 and / or the recess 402. The contact surfaces 910, 911 may be located on a side opposite the tab 380.

[0333] The tab 380 may be located on a side of the male connector 106 opposite the arm 612 and / or recess 402. The tab 380 may be located in the gap 368 between the stops 204, 205 when the male connector 106 is placed in the slot 202 of the bracket 900. The tab 380 may contact the inner sides of the stops 204, 205, which may help prevent the male connector 106 from slipping relative to the bracket 900 in the mesial-distal direction. The tab 380 may extend in the gingival or occlusal direction, depending on the desired orientation. The tab 380 may include a groove 112. The groove 112 may be located at an end of the tab 380. The groove 112 may receive a tool to facilitate positioning the male connector 106 in or removing the male connector 106 from the slot 202 of the bracket 900. Groove 112 can help prevent inadvertent slippage of a tool used to place male connector 106 into slot 202. Male connector 106 can include a curvature to reduce stress concentrations.

[0334] As described herein, the dental arch form 100 can be formed by various techniques. In some variations, the dental arch form 100 is cut from a sheet of material, which may include shape memory material and / or other materials. The sheet of material can be flat and have two opposing parallel sides. The dental arch form 100 can be cut from the sheet of material via various techniques (e.g., laser cutting, water jet cutting, plasma cutting, stamping, etc.). The sheet of material can have a uniform thickness, but features of the dental arch form 100 can be cut to have various widths to apply different forces to the teeth depending on the treatment plan. For example, the dental arch form 100 can have more rigid features as the patient progresses through the treatment plan. The dental arch form 100 can have interdental loops 103 with a narrower width at the beginning of the treatment plan to improve user comfort. The dental arch form 100 can have interdental loops 103 with a wider width at the middle or end of the treatment plan. The dental arch form 100 can have male connectors 106 and interdental structures 103 in an alternating pattern. In some variations, two or more interdental structures 103 are positioned between adjacent male connectors 106. In some variations, no interdental structures 103 are positioned between adjacent male connectors 106. In some variations, the dental arch form 100 can include separate segments corresponding to different portions of the patient's dental arch. In some variations, the dental arch form 100 is not bonded to all of the patient's teeth. In some variations, the dental arch form 100 is bonded to all of the patient's teeth. In some variations, the dental arch form 100 can include straight sections.

[0335] 16E shows male connector 106 coupled to bracket 900. As shown, C-shaped spring 256 presses male connector 106 against and / or under at least a portion of stops 204, 205. Contact surfaces 910, 911 can contact stops 204, 205. The force applied by C-shaped spring 256 can lock male connector 106 under the overhangs of stops 204, 205 and overhang 210 of retaining portion 208.

[0336] The brackets 900 and / or male fasteners 106 of the dental arch form 100 may include modifications to accommodate various teeth of the patient, such as molars, premolars, lower anterior teeth, upper central teeth, etc.

[0337] FIG. 17A illustrates a bracket 900 that can be attached to any of a patient's teeth, but is particularly suited to mandibular anterior teeth. As shown, the bracket 900 can omit lateral extensions to accommodate the narrow width of mandibular anterior teeth. A bracket 900 configured for mandibular anterior teeth can have a narrower overall width compared to a bracket 900 configured for molars or other larger teeth. The width of the retainer 208 can be narrower compared to a configuration for molars. The stops 204, 205 can be spaced inward from the edge of the bracket 900, which can be from the gingival or occlusal edge of the bracket 900.

[0338] 17B, ​​male connector 106 may include one or more features to indicate that male connector 106 is configured to be positioned on a patient's mandibular tooth. For example, male connector 106 may include opening 912. Male connector 106 may include other modifications to facilitate coupling with bracket 900 configured for use on a patient's particular tooth, such as the size of tab 380, the distance between arms 612, the size of recess 402, and / or other factors.

[0339] 18 illustrates a bracket 900 that can be attached to any of a patient's teeth, but that may be specifically adapted for a patient's maxillary central teeth. As shown, the bracket 900 may omit the lateral extensions to accommodate the narrower width of the maxillary central teeth compared to the molars. The stops 204, 205 may be spaced inward from the edge of the bracket 900, which may be from the gingival or occlusal edge of the bracket 900. The stops 204, 205 may be spaced inward to a greater extent on the mandibular anterior teeth.

[0340] 19 illustrates a bracket 900 that can be attached to any of a patient's teeth, but that can be particularly adapted for the patient's bicuspid teeth. The bracket 900 can include posterior extensions 902, 903, which can extend laterally to a lesser extent than in the case of molars, which may be due to the smaller width of bicuspid teeth. The stops 204, 205 can be positioned at or proximal to the edge of the bracket 900, which may be at the gingival or occlusal edge of the bracket 900. The interdental loop 103 can extend more horizontally (e.g., more mesial-distal) proximal to the male connector 106.

[0341] As described herein, a treatment plan for a patient may include staged dental arch forms 100. For example, multiple dental arch forms 100 may be used in a staged sequence to move the patient's teeth from malocclusion positions to planned positions. FIGS. 20A-20C show three maxillary dental arch forms 100 that may be used during treatment planning. FIG. 20A shows a maxillary initial dental arch form 100a, FIG. 20B shows a maxillary mid-stage dental arch form 100b, and FIG. 20C shows a maxillary final dental arch form 100c. In some variations, fewer dental arch forms 100 may be used, which may include one or two. In some variations, more dental arch forms 100 may be used, which may include four, five, six, or more. Treatment planning can begin with the placement of a maxillary initial dental arch form 100a to move the teeth. The initial arch form 100a may be removed after a period of time and replaced with an upper intermediate arch form 100b. The intermediate arch form 100b may be removed after a period of time and replaced with an upper final arch form 100c to move the patient's teeth to their final configuration. The interdental structures 103 of the arch form 100 may increase in stiffness as the patient progresses through the treatment plan (e.g., the upper final arch form 100c may be stiffer than the initial arch form 100a). In some variations, this may be done via increasing the width (e.g., dimension 920) of the interdental structures 103 as the patient progresses through the treatment plan. In some variations, the treatment plan may begin with an intermediate arch form or a final arch form. In some variations, the treatment plan may end with an initial arch form or an intermediate arch form.

[0342] In some variations, the male connector 106 remains the same size and / or shape. In some variations, the orientation of the male connector 106 may change during treatment. In some variations, the interdental structures 103 may vary between the staged dental arch forms 100 of the treatment plan, which may include changes in curvature, width, length, etc. For example, the interdental structures 103 may become progressively wider (e.g., wider in dimension 920) from one stage to the next. For example, the width (e.g., dimension 920) of the interdental loops 103 in the maxillary initial dental arch form 100a may be the smallest in the treatment plan, the maxillary mid-stage dental arch form 100b may include an intermediate width, and the maxillary final dental arch form 100c may include the largest width. A staged approach may improve patient comfort during treatment and allow the patient's teeth to move gradually. The interdental loops 103 in the dental arch forms 100 may vary in width (e.g., dimension 920) to vary the force applied to adjacent teeth. For example, a greater width can correspond to a greater force. The interdental loops 103 may be wider in portions of the arch form 100 that correspond to the molars of the dental arch due to the greater force that may be desired to move the molars compared to the anterior teeth.

[0343] 21A-21C illustrate mandibular dental arch forms 100 that can be used in a staged sequence depending on the patient's treatment plan. The mandibular dental arch form 100 can include indicia, such as openings 912 in the male connectors 106, as described herein to differentiate the mandibular dental arch form 100 from the maxillary dental arch form 100. FIG. 21A illustrates a mandibular initial dental arch form 100a'. FIG. 21B illustrates a mandibular mid-stage dental arch form 100b'. FIG. 21C illustrates a mandibular final stage dental arch form 100c'. As described with reference to the maxillary dental arch form 100, the mandibular dental arch form 100 can include modifications during different stages to apply different forces to the patient's teeth, which can improve user comfort during treatment planning. The interdental structures 103 can be modified as described herein to apply different forces to the patient's teeth (for example, to increase in stiffness by increasing width across dimension 920).

[0344] 22 shows a dental arch form 100 configured for a patient with crowding teeth. As shown, the male connector 106 does not need to include the arms described herein to grip the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208. Instead, a portion of the interdental bend 103 proximal to the male connector 106 can extend away from the male connector 106 in the gingival or occlusal direction so as to grip the mesial and distal sides of the retainer 208. This can help prevent slippage between the male connector 106 and the bracket 900 in the mesial-distal direction and / or can help aid in placement (e.g., the interdental bend 103 can hold the male connector 106 in the bracket 900 when the clinician manipulates a tool to secure the male connector 106 in the bracket 900).

[0345] 23A-23G show the end of a tool 1000, which may be referred to as a guide, that can be used to assist in installing and / or removing the male connector 106. The tool 1000 may include an angled surface 1002, which may also be referred to as a beveled surface. The angled surface 1002 may be straight and / or curved. The angled surface 1002 may extend from a free end to a curved portion 1004. The angled surface 1002 and the curved portion 1004 may contact (e.g., engage) a groove 112 and / or other feature located on the tab 380 of the male fastener 106 to assist in installing and / or removing the male connector 106 from the bracket 900. In some variations, the tool 1000 may include a solid handle. In some variations, the tool 1000 may include a hollow handle. The hollow handle of the tool 1000 can amplify an audible sound (e.g., a click) that may be emitted when the male connector 106 is inserted into (e.g., coupled to) or removed from the slot of the bracket. The emitted sound can indicate to the clinician that the male connector 106 is locked within the bracket 900.

[0346] To install the male connector 106, the male connector 106 can be inserted into the slot 202 of the bracket 900 at an angle (e.g., angled relative to the surface 214) as shown in FIG. 23B and as described herein. The recess 402 of the male connector 106 can be positioned under the protrusion 210 of the retainer 208 so that the periphery of the recess 402 contacts the C-shaped spring 256.

[0347] The angled surface 1002 of the tool 1000 can face toward the bracket 900 when installing the male connector 106, as shown in FIG. 23B. The curved portion 1004 can contact the groove 112. The angled surface 1002 can help guide the groove 112 into the curved portion 1004. A clinician manipulating the tool 1000 can use the tool 1000 to apply a force to the groove 112 toward the C-shaped spring 256 and the face 214 of the bracket 900. As a result, the C-shaped spring 256 can be compressed such that the male connector 106 can be rotated past the stops 204, 205 toward the face 214 of the bracket 900 until the male connector 106 is positioned within the slot 202 (e.g., parallel to the face 214), as shown in FIG. 23D. The clinician can use tool 1000 to stop applying force to male connector 106 such that C-shaped spring 256 applies force to male connector 106 in the direction of stops 204, 205, pushing male connector 106 against and / or under a portion of stops 204, 205 to lock male connector 106 in slot 202 of bracket 900. The force of C-shaped spring 256 on male connector 106 can hold male connector 106 securely in slot 900. In the locked position, one or more portions of male connector 106 can be positioned within receiving spacers 374, 375 of stops 204, 205, which can be behind the protruding portions of stops 204, 205. In the locked position, the contact surfaces 910, 911 of the male connector 106 can contact the stops 204, 205, which may include corresponding contact surfaces of the stops 204, 205. In the locked position, the male connector 106 can be positioned behind the protrusion 210 of the retainer 208. Placement of the male connector 106 into the slot 202 of the bracket 900 in the locked configuration can emit an audible sound (e.g., a click). As described herein, the tool 1000 can have a hollow handle that can amplify the audible sound. The emitted sound can indicate to the clinician that the male connector 106 is locked within the bracket 900.

[0348] To decouple the male connector 106 from the bracket 900 with the tool 1000, the tool 1000 can be reoriented so that the angled surface 1002 faces away from the bracket 900, as shown in FIGS. 23E and 23F. The tool 1000 can be positioned so that the curved portion 1004 contacts the groove 112 and the angled surface is positioned behind the tab 380 of the male connector 106, as shown in FIG. 23F. A clinician manipulating the tool 1000 can use the tool 1000 to apply a force to the male connector 106 such that the male connector 106 moves toward the C-shaped spring 256. The C-shaped spring 256 can be compressed, causing the male connector 106 to move behind (e.g., disengage from) the extensions (e.g., protrusions) of the stops 204, 205. The clinician can apply force to the male connector 106 with the tool 1000, away from the bracket 900, which can include applying force to the male connector 106 via the angled surface 1002. This can rotate the male connector 106 away from the surface 214 and out of the slot 202 of the bracket 900, as shown in FIG. 23G. In some variations, movement of the tool 1000 toward the C-shaped spring 256 can cause the male connector 106 to slide up the angled surface 1002 and rotate out of the slot 202. Removal of the male connector 106 from its locked configuration within the slot 202 of the bracket 900 can emit an audible sound (e.g., a click), which can indicate to the clinician that the male connector 106 has been removed. The hollow handle of the tool 1000 can amplify the audible sound. The male connector 106 can then be grasped with a tool, such as a hemostat, to remove the male connector 106 from the slot 202.

[0349] The kit and / or system can include one or more components (e.g., brackets, arch forms, trays, tools, etc.) described herein. For example, in some variations, the kit and / or system can include multiple brackets (e.g., molar brackets, mandibular anterior brackets, premolar brackets, and / or maxillary central brackets), one or more arch forms (e.g., maxillary initial, mandibular initial, maxillary mid, mandibular mid, maxillary final, and / or mandibular final arch forms), tools for handling and / or placing the brackets and / or arch forms, a tray (e.g., an indirect bonding tray) for positioning the multiple brackets on the patient's teeth for bonding, and / or an adhesive (e.g., a bonding agent) for attaching the multiple brackets to the patient's teeth. In some variations, the kit and / or system can include components for placing orthodontic appliances (e.g., brackets and arch forms) in the patient's mouth. The kit, in some variations, can include all components for a treatment plan, which may include at least components that are not easily found in an orthodontic clinic and / or components designed specifically for the patient. The kit, in some variations, can include multiple dental arch forms that are used in sequence according to the treatment plan to move the patient's teeth from maloccluded positions to planned positions.

[0350] The dental arch forms, brackets, caps, and / or trays described herein can be created via a 3D intraoral scan of the patient's mouth. For example, a 3D scan of the patient's mouth can be taken, and the dental arch forms, brackets, caps, and / or trays can be designed and manufactured. The dental arch forms can be designed to fit the patient's teeth in their current malocclusion and move the patient's teeth to a second state. In some variations, one dental arch form can change the patient's tooth configuration from a malocclusion state to a completed state. In some variations, multiple dental arch forms are used in sequence to move the patient's teeth from a malocclusion state to a completed state. The 3D scans described herein can be performed using a patient or clinician's handheld device, such as a smartphone or computer. In some variations, an instrument for performing the 3D scan can be used, providing the patient with instructions on how to perform the scan and when the scan is successful. The scan can be performed using a built-in camera on the handheld device or via an attachment operably coupled to the handheld device or computer. Data from the 3D scan can be used to design and manufacture arch forms, brackets, caps, and / or trays. Data from the 3D scan can be uploaded to a data center (i.e., the cloud) of the arch form, bracket, cap, and / or tray designer and / or manufacturer to create a presentation for the patient.

[0351] The dental arch forms described herein can be cut (e.g., by laser, water jet, etc.) from a thin sheet of material, such as a shape-memory material (e.g., Nitinol). The thin sheet of material can be flat. A 3D scan of the patient's mouth (e.g., teeth, dental arch form) can be taken using one or more of the methods described herein. A virtual setup (e.g., a 3D model) of the patient's teeth can be created. The teeth can be digitally reconstructed into a planned configuration. Digital brackets can be placed on the teeth in the planned configuration. Fixtures can be manufactured (e.g., 3D printed, machined, cast, etc.) based on the virtual setup of the teeth in the planned configuration. The fixtures can include retention features (e.g., hooks, slots, etc.) that are placed in positions corresponding to the positions of the digital brackets in the virtual setup. The dental arch form can be distorted to be placed into the fixture. For example, connectors (e.g., male connectors, male clasps, etc.) of the dental arch form can be placed into retention features of the fixture to distort the dental arch form. The dental arch form can be specially shaped via heat setting (e.g., exposure to heat) so that the distorted configuration of the dental arch form becomes the default configuration of the dental arch form. Orthodontic brackets, which may include at least those described herein, can be bonded to the patient's teeth (e.g., at locations corresponding to the locations of the digital brackets in the virtual setup). The specially shaped dental arch form can be distorted for placement on the orthodontic bracket. For example, connectors of the specially shaped dental arch form can be coupled to the orthodontic bracket as described herein. The distorted specially shaped dental arch form can apply one or more forces to the patient's teeth to move one or more teeth toward the planned configuration as the specially shaped dental arch form moves back toward the default configuration. As described herein, a treatment plan can incorporate multiple dental arch forms with various characteristics. For example, a treatment plan can involve sequentially placing multiple dental arch forms in the patient's mouth. The multiple dental arch forms can have increasing stiffness as the patient progresses through the treatment plan.In some variations, the arch form can be specially cut based on a scan of the patient's mouth, which can take into account anomalies such as missing teeth.

[0352] FIG. 24 shows the dental arch form 100 with indicia 1300 corresponding to the patient. The indicia 1300 may include letters, numbers, symbols, illustrations, marks, and / or other features corresponding to the patient. For example, the indicia 1300 may include a patient ID associated with the patient. The indicia 1300 may be used by the system and / or clinician to ensure the correct dental arch form 100 is placed in the patient's mouth. The indicia 1300 may include other information, such as whether the dental arch form is for placement on the upper or lower dental arch. The indicia 1300 may include computer-readable features. The indicia 1300 may be located on one or more of the male connectors 106 (e.g., locking connectors). The indicia 1300 may be laser etched, laser engraved, molded, painted, and / or otherwise located on the dental arch form 100.

[0353] It is intended that the scope of the invention disclosed herein should not be limited by the specific disclosed embodiments described above. The invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific examples of which are shown in the drawings and described in detail herein. The invention is not limited to the precise forms or methods disclosed, but rather covers all equivalents, modifications, and alternatives falling within the scope and spirit of the various described embodiments and the appended claims. Various features of the orthodontic brackets and dental arch forms disclosed herein can be combined to form further embodiments that are part of this disclosure. The orthodontic brackets described herein can be bonded to a patient's teeth, and the dental arch forms described herein can be distorted and bonded to the orthodontic brackets as part of a treatment plan. The dental arch forms can be moved toward a default position, moving the patient's teeth from a first position to a second position. The dental arch forms described herein can be placed in a sequence to move the patient's teeth. The orthodontic brackets described herein can be bonded to a patient's teeth in various orientations, which may include orienting the orthodontic bracket in a first gingival-occlusal orientation and reorienting the orthodontic bracket 180 degrees to a second gingival-occlusal orientation (e.g., rotating the orthodontic bracket 180 degrees).

[0354] Methods of using orthodontic brackets and / or dental arch forms (including devices, apparatus, assemblies, structures, etc.) are included herein, which may include using or assembling any one or more of the features disclosed herein to achieve the functions and / or features of the system as contemplated in this disclosure. Methods of manufacturing the aforementioned systems are included, which may include providing, creating, connecting, assembling, and / or installing any one or more of the features of the system as disclosed herein to achieve the functions and / or features of the system as contemplated in this disclosure.

[0355] Various other modifications, adaptations, and alternative designs are naturally possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced other than as expressly described herein. It is contemplated that various combinations or subcombinations of the specific features and aspects of the above-disclosed embodiments may be made and still remain within one or more of the present inventions. Furthermore, any specific feature, aspect, method, property, characteristic, quality, attribute, element, etc., disclosed herein in connection with an embodiment can be used in all other embodiments described herein. It is therefore to be understood that various features and aspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substituted for one another to form varying modes of the disclosed invention. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention disclosed herein should not be limited by the specifically disclosed embodiments described above. Moreover, while the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific examples have been shown in the drawings and are described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific forms or methods disclosed; on the contrary, the invention covers all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope and spirit of the various described embodiments and the appended claims. Any methods disclosed herein do not necessarily have to be performed in the order suggested. Methods disclosed herein include specific actions taken by a practitioner, but may also include, explicitly or implicitly, third-party instruction of those actions. For example, "tying a knot on an orthodontic bracket" includes "instructing the tying of a knot on an orthodontic bracket." Ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all overlapping, subranges, and combinations thereof. Words such as "up to," "at least," "greater than," "less than," and "between" include the suggested numbers.As used herein, numbers preceded by terms such as "approximately," "about," and "substantially" are inclusive of the stated number (e.g., about 10% = 10%) and also represent an amount close to the stated amount that still performs the desired function or achieves the desired result. For example, the terms "approximately," "about," and "substantially" can refer to an amount that is within less than 10%, less than 5%, less than 1%, less than 0.1%, and less than 0.01% of the stated amount. [Explanation of symbols]

[0356] 100 Dental arch shape, archwire 100a Upper initial dental arch form 100a´ Mandibular early dental arch morphology 100b Upper mid-arch dental arch morphology 100b´ Mandibular mid-arch morphology 100c Maxillary final dental arch form 100c´ Mandibular final arch shape 102, 104 Interdental structures, interdental loops, interdental bends 103 Interdental structures, interdental loops, interdental bends 106 Male fastener, male connector, male structure 107 Hook 108, 110 Arm 112 Groove 114 blocks 116, 118 Engagement surface 120 Open area, space 122 Gap 124: the other side of the opening 120, the gingival surface 126 Knob 130 Surface 200 Orthodontic Brackets 201 Bracket assembly 202 Slots 204, 205 Stop part 206 Protruding part 208 Holding part 210 Protruding part, extension part 211 curved part 212 Groove 214 faces, surfaces 215 Lifted Surface 216 Protrusion 218, 220 Wall 222, 224 holding surface 226 Locking pin 230 Aperture 234 Locking part 236 Enlarged section 238 Chamfered and angled surfaces 240 Recess 242, 244 Grip surface 246 Posterior surface 248 distance 250 Wall 252 Open area 254 recess 256 C-shaped springs, elliptical springs 258 slots 288 Handle 260 Passage 262 Boundary 300 tools 302 Shaft part 306 Tip 310 Downward Force 352 Open area 354 Surface 366 Information Department 367 Flange 368 Gap 370 opening, hole 374, 375 Notch, receiving spacer 376 Slanted surface 378 holes 380 Handles, tongues, knobs 382, 383 Wedge 384 Angled Surfaces 390 Insertion / Removal Angle of Attack 392, 393 Slopes 394 Aperture 396 flange 402 Recess 500 pads 502 Pocket 504 Filler metal 506 Undercut, Textured Surface 508, 509 Slanted surface 510 Protrusion 512, 513 Slanted surface 514, 515 protrusion 520 surface 532 Surface 600 bracket 602 Protrusion 604 Location 606 Groove 608 knob 612 Arm 613 Engagement feature 614 Curved 616 Customized Features 700 Tools 701 Tools 702 Materials 703 Loop 703 Tip 704 Pivot 706 Groove 708 Tongue 800 Dental Arch Morphology 802 Guideway, protective layer 803 Mounting Pad 804 Knobs, locking mechanisms, caps 805 part 806 Retention Surface 808 Tool receiving passage, fusible structure 810 recess 812 Protrusion, wedge 816 directions 822 Tool receiving recess 900 bracket 902, 903 Lateral extension 910, 911 Contact surface 912 Aperture 920 Dimensions 1000 tools 1002 Angled Surface 1004 curved part 1300 marks

Claims

1. a dental arch form configured to be placed about at least a portion of a dental arch of a patient's mouth, a plurality of male fasteners configured to be positioned within brackets to be placed on the patient's teeth, each of the plurality of male fasteners comprising a tongue and two arms, the tongue extending in a gingival or occlusal direction and configured to be placed between stops on one of the brackets, and the two arms being located on mesial and distal sides of the male fastener, respectively, and extending in the gingival or occlusal direction opposite the tongue, the two arms being separated by a gap and configured to engage with a feature of the bracket to secure the male fastener to the bracket; a plurality of interdental loops, each of the plurality of interdental loops being disposed between adjacent ones of the plurality of male fasteners; A dental arch form comprising:

2. The dental arch form of claim 1 , further comprising a curvature disposed on a mesial and distal side of each of the plurality of male fasteners.

3. The dental arch form of claim 1 , wherein the two arms each include an inwardly extending flange for engaging a feature on the bracket.

4. 1. An orthodontic bracket configured to be placed on a patient's tooth, comprising: a slot configured to receive a dental arch-form connector such that the connector does not slip relative to the orthodontic bracket in a mesial-distal direction; a stop disposed on a first side of the slot and configured to prevent movement of the connector in at least a first direction; a retainer disposed on a second side of the slot and configured to prevent movement of the connector in at least a second direction, the retainer including a spring configured to deflect to facilitate insertion or removal of the connector into or from the slot, the spring configured to apply a force to the connector to lock the connector in the slot of the bracket by pressing the connector against the stop; An orthodontic bracket comprising:

5. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4 wherein the spring is a C-spring.

6. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4 , wherein the spring is disposed within an opening in the retainer.

7. 5. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4, wherein the stop is a first stop and further comprises a second stop, the first and second stops being disposed on the second side of the orthodontic bracket and being separated by a gap.

8. The orthodontic bracket of claim 7 , wherein the gap is configured to receive a tab of the connector.

9. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4 , further comprising a protrusion disposed on a surface of the orthodontic bracket and configured to press the connector against a protruding portion of the retainer.

10. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4 , further comprising a beveled surface disposed on a face of the orthodontic bracket and configured to press the connector against a protruding portion of the stop.

11. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4 , further comprising a textured surface configured to facilitate bonding of the orthodontic bracket to a tooth surface.

12. 5. The orthodontic bracket of claim 4, further comprising lateral wings extending in a mesial-distal direction and configured to facilitate bonding of the orthodontic bracket to a tooth surface to facilitate rotational control.

13. A plurality of orthodontic brackets configured to be placed on a patient's teeth, slot, a stop disposed on a first side of the slot; and a retainer disposed on a second side of the slot and including a spring; a plurality of orthodontic brackets, a dental arch form configured to move the patient's teeth from a first position to a second position, a plurality of connectors, each connector of the plurality of connectors including a tongue extending in a gingival or occlusal direction and two arms extending in a direction opposite to the tongue and spaced apart by a gap, the plurality of connectors configured to be disposed in the slot between the stop and the retaining portion of one of the plurality of orthodontic brackets such that the spring applies a force to the connector to press the connector against the stop and secure at least a portion of the connector behind the stop and the retaining portion in a locked configuration; and a plurality of interdental structures, at least one interdental structure of the plurality of interdental structures positioned between at least some adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors; a dental arch form comprising: Equipped with the plurality of connectors, when disposed in the slots of the plurality of orthodontic brackets, do not slide in a mesial-distal direction relative to the plurality of orthodontic brackets; An orthodontic appliance, wherein the plurality of interdental structures are configured to apply a force to adjacent connectors of the plurality of connectors to move one or more teeth of the patient.

14. 14. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13, wherein the spring is a C-spring.

15. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein the spring is disposed within an opening in the retainer.

16. 14. The orthodontic bracket of claim 13, wherein the stop is a first stop and each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets comprises a second stop, the first stop and the second stop comprising two stops separated by a gap.

17. The orthodontic appliance of claim 16 , wherein the gap is configured to receive a tab of one of the plurality of connectors.

18. 14. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13, wherein each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets includes a protrusion disposed on a surface thereof, the protrusion configured to press the connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the retainer.

19. 14. The orthodontic bracket of claim 13, wherein each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets includes a beveled surface disposed on a surface thereof, the beveled surface configured to press the connector received in the slot against a protruding portion of the stop.

20. 14. The orthodontic bracket of claim 13, wherein each orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets comprises a textured surface configured to facilitate bonding of the orthodontic bracket to a tooth surface.

21. 14. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13, wherein at least one orthodontic bracket of the plurality of orthodontic brackets includes lateral wings extending in a mesial-distal direction and configured to facilitate interfacing with a tooth surface to facilitate rotational control.

22. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein at least one connector of the plurality of connectors comprises a pair of arms configured to grasp mesial and distal sides of the retainer.

23. 17. The orthodontic appliance of claim 16, wherein each connector of the plurality of connectors comprises a tab, the tab comprising a groove configured to contact a tool to facilitate insertion and / or removal of the plurality of connectors into and / or from the slots of the plurality of orthodontic brackets.

24. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of interdental structures comprises interdental loops.

25. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein the dental arch form is formed from a thin sheet of material.

26. 14. The orthodontic appliance of claim 13, wherein opposite sides of the dental arch form are parallel to each other.

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