Optical structure of surgical microscope and surgical microscope

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical structure of a surgical microscope and a surgical microscope, in which the optical structure comprises a deflection means and a binocular lens means arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism, the binocular lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism and an eyepiece, the prism / lens group comprises a small objective lens, or the first right-angle prism and the second right-angle prism are replaced by a diamond prism. The optical structure design of the present invention is "inverted image-inverted image", the right-angle roof prism shortens the internal optical path of the deflection means by about half, which further contributes to reducing the vignetting of the observed optical path, the mirror phenomenon is avoided by two internal reflections, and the image is rotated by 180 degrees, and the inverted prism in the binocular lens means can be eliminated, which effectively simplifies the structure of the optical lens set in the system.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology and specifically relates to the optical structure of a surgical microscope and the surgical microscope itself. [Background technology]

[0002] Surgical microscopes are precision optical instruments used in medical applications, including clinical microscopic observation and surgical treatment. The core components of an optical microscopy system include a primary mirror body and binocular eyepiece tubes. Various accessories can be installed in the parallel optical path between them, as needed, to achieve different additional functions.

[0003] To provide an ergonomically comfortable posture, conventional surgical microscopes typically add an optical path bending structure above the main mirror body, bending the optical path by only 90 degrees, allowing the binocular lens tubes to be positioned horizontally. This lowers the line of sight height, increases the working space, and increases the horizontal observation distance, allowing the surgeon to maintain a comfortable seated position. Considering the need to avoid mirroring and keep the image facing forward, the optical path bending structure in conventional technology is always implemented using a pentaprism.

[0004] Referring to the Chinese patent publication number CN211123465U, a surgical microscope is published that enables the bending or splitting of light rays using a combination of a pentaprism and a Schmidt prism or other prisms.

[0005] Referring to the Chinese patent publication number CN216148235U, a surgical microscope that similarly uses a pentaprism as an optical path conversion element has been published, and its specific structure is shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0006] However, due to the limitations of its structure, the pentaprism has a long internal optical path and a large air gap in its fixed structure, which increases vignetting in the observation system and completely blocks the light rays in the edge field of view, resulting in aperture vignetting. At the same time, the combined optical path of the binocular lens tube and eyepiece of a conventional surgical microscope is the same as that of a Keplerian telescope, and in order to observe an erect image, it is necessary to add an inverting prism to the optical path of the binocular lens tube. Here, the most common Porro prism is generally constructed by bonding three right-angle prisms together, as shown in Figures 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d. This prism has a complex structure, high processing and assembly costs, and also suffers from the problem of a long internal optical path, which leads to increased complexity of the lens group of the small objective lens, further increasing the design and manufacturing costs. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0007] The present invention provides an optical structure for a surgical microscope, and one objective is to solve the problem of long internal optical paths in the optical structure.

[0008] To achieve the above objective, the first technical solution employed in this invention is: An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising deflection means and binocular lens means arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path, The aforementioned deflection means includes a right-angle roof prism, The aforementioned bi-eyepiece lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism, and an eyepiece lens arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and the prism / lens group is characterized by comprising a small objective lens.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, then through the prism / lens group, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, and then inverted another 180 degrees to form an erect real image that is observed by the eyepiece.

[0010] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, which is applied to a bifocal lens tube having a rotating connector, is located within the rotating connector, and is adjusted according to the rotation of the rotating connector.

[0011] More preferably, the angle-adjustable prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, wherein the third right-angle prism, a small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, and the fifth right-angle prism are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path.

[0012] More preferably, the third and fifth right-angle prisms can rotate relative to the fourth right-angle prism about the optical axis, and the angles of rotation are always equal. Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group comprises a half-pentaprism, the small objective lens and the half-pentaprism are arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path, the half-pentaprism is used in an optical structure that uses a 45° oblique bi-eyepiece tube as the bi-eyepiece tube, and using the half-pentaprism is relatively simpler and less costly in terms of processing, assembly, and modification compared to a conventional Schmidt roof prism.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group does not include a meniscus lens.

[0014] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the small objective lens comprises a first double-bonded lens set having positive focal power, and 50mm<|f G1 |<200mm, and

number

[0015] More preferably, the eyepiece comprises a second double-bonded lens set and a single lens arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, 0.5 <f L3 / f G1 <2, Satisfying the condition, where f L3 This is the focal length of the second double-bonded lens set.

[0016] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the binocular lens means further comprises a single-lens field lens.

[0017] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the dual eyepiece lens means further comprises an aperture.

[0018] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the bi-eyepiece lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the small objective lens, first right-angle prism, second right-angle prism, field lens, aperture and eyepiece are arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path, and the bi-eyepiece lens means is applicable when a straight bi-eyepiece lens tube is used as the bi-eyepiece lens tube, and the two right-angle prisms are easier to assemble and adjust, the spacing distance is adjustable, the range of interpupillary distance adjustment is convenient, the design and assembly of the mechanical structure is convenient, it takes up little space, is lightweight, and is easy to process, assemble and modify and is cost-effective.

[0019] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group further includes a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, the binocular lens means further includes a field lens and an aperture stop, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture stop, and the eyepiece are provided in sequence in the optical path direction. The binocular lens means is applied to a binocular lens tube having a rotary connecting component. The two right-angle prisms are easier to assemble and adjust, the interval distance is adjustable, the adjustment of the interpupillary distance range is convenient, and according to the optical path, for the convenience of the design and assembly of the mechanical structure, the aperture of the first right-angle prism may be reduced. At the same time, the small objective lens significantly shortens the subsequent optical path length, eliminating the need to separately add a thick meniscus lens for image plane position adjustment, simplifying the system and reducing costs.

[0020] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group further includes a half pentaprism, and the small objective lens, the half pentaprism, the first right-angle prism, the field lens, the second right-angle prism, the aperture stop, and the eyepiece are provided in sequence in the optical path direction. The binocular lens means is applied to the case where a 45° diagonal binocular lens tube is used as the binocular lens tube, and all of the processing, assembly, and modification are relatively simple and the cost is low.

[0021] In order to achieve the above object, as the second technical solution adopted in the present invention, an optical mechanism of a surgical microscope including a turning means and a binocular lens means provided in sequence in the optical path direction, where the turning means includes a right-angle dah prism, the binocular lens means includes a prism / lens group, a rhomboid prism, and an eyepiece provided in sequence in the optical path direction, and the prism / lens group includes a small objective lens.

[0022] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, then through the prism / lens group, the rhombic prism, and then inverted another 180 degrees to produce an erect real image which is observed by the eyepiece.

[0023] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, and the bi-eyepiece lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the third right-angle prism, small objective lens, fourth right-angle prism, fifth right-angle prism, rhombic prism, field lens, aperture, and eyepiece are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the bi-eyepiece lens means is applied to a bi-eyepiece lens tube having a rotating connecting part, uses a rhombic prism, the left and right prisms are aligned, and is relatively easy to manufacture, assemble, and modify, and is low cost.

[0024] Another objective of this invention is to provide a surgical microscope.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions employed in this invention include: A surgical microscope comprising a microscope body, a steering extender, and a bi-eyepiece lens tube, wherein the steering extender is connected to the microscope body and the bi-eyepiece lens tube is connected to the steering extender, and the surgical microscope further comprises the optical structure described above, the steering means is provided within the steering extender, and the bi-eyepiece lens means is provided within the bi-eyepiece lens tube.

[0026] Preferably in the above technical solution, the binocular lens tube has a rotating connecting component that is connected to the steering extender and is rotatably adjusted perpendicular to the steering extender, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is provided within the rotating connecting component.

[0027] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the binocular lens tube is a straight binocular lens tube.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the binocular lens tube is preferably a 45° oblique binocular lens tube.

[0029] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a fixed sheet is provided inside the steering extender, and the right-angle roof prism is provided on the fixed sheet.

[0030] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the binocular lens tube and the steering extender are detachably connected.

[0031] By applying the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared to the prior art. 1. The optical structure of the invention shortens the optical path length of the internal optical path of the steering extender by approximately half, further contributing to the reduction of ray vignetting in the observed optical path. 2. The optical structure of the invention avoids the mirror effect through two internal reflections of a right-angle roof prism, and the image is rotated 180 degrees, thus eliminating the complex and costly inversion prism in the bi-eyepiece lens system. 3. The optical structure of the invention avoids the need to provide an inverting prism within the bifocal lens tube, which is required in the prior art, thus avoiding the resulting increase in optical path length, reducing the design difficulty of small objective lenses, and simplifying the structure of the optical lens group. 4. The optical structure of the invention improves the observation effect of the optical system, while simultaneously simplifying the optical structure of the lens group and prism group, reducing the difficulty of assembly and modification, and saving production and manufacturing costs. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0032] [Figure 1] This is a schematic front view of a conventional surgical microscope. [Figure 2] This is a schematic plan view of a conventional surgical microscope. [Figure 3a] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path in a conventional optical structure (the binocular lens tubes are equipped with rotating connecting parts). [Figure 3b] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path in a conventional optical structure (a straight bi-eyepiece tube is used as the bi-eyepiece tube). [Figure 4a] This is a schematic front view of the surgical microscope in Example 1. [Figure 4b] This is a schematic plan view of the surgical microscope in Example 1. [Figure 4c] This is a schematic diagram of the bottom view of the surgical microscope in Example 1. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical structure in Example 1. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the bi-eyepiece lens means of the optical structure in Example 1. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical structure in Example 2. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the bi-eyepiece lens means of the optical structure in Example 2. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of the straight-tube bifocal lens tube in Example 3. [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the bi-eyepiece lens means of the optical structure in Example 3. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram of the 45° oblique bi-eyepiece lens tube in Example 4. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the bi-eyepiece lens means of the optical structure in Example 4. [Figure 13] This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the bi-eyepiece lens means in the comparative example. [Figure 14] This is a schematic diagram of a pentaprism. [Figure 15a] These are schematic diagrams of various right-angle roof prisms. [Figure 15b] These are schematic diagrams of various right-angle roof prisms. [Figure 16] This is a schematic diagram showing the superposition of a pentaprism and a right-angle roof prism. [Figure 17a]These are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17b] These are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17c] These are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17d] These are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 18a] These are schematic diagrams of various rhombic prisms. [Figure 18b] These are schematic diagrams of various rhombic prisms. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings, and of course, the embodiments described are not all embodiments but some embodiments of the present invention. Any other embodiments that a person skilled in the art can obtain without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "up," "down," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inside," and "outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of this invention. They do not indicate or suggest that the pointed-out device or element has a specific orientation or must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Example 1:

[0035] A surgical microscope as shown in Figure 1 comprises a microscope body 1, a steering extender 2, and a bi-eyepiece tube 3, wherein the steering extender 2 is connected to the microscope body 1, and the bi-eyepiece tube 3 is connected to the steering extender 2. As shown in Figure 4c, the bi-eyepiece tube 3 and the steering extender 2 may be detachably connected, for example, by positioning holes 30 and locking holes 20. The bi-eyepiece tube 3 is equipped with a rotating connector 31, which allows the bi-eyepiece tube 3 to be rotated perpendicularly to the steering extender 2. The rotating connector 31 is a common structure of the bi-eyepiece tube and will not be described again here, regardless of the invention of this application.

[0036] The surgical microscope is equipped with a corresponding optical structure, which comprises a steering mechanism and a binocular lens mechanism arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path. The steering mechanism is located within the steering extender 2, and the binocular lens mechanism is located within the binocular lens tube 3.

[0037] As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the steering means includes a right-angle roof prism 40, a fixed sheet 21 is provided inside the steering extender 2, and the right-angle roof prism 40 is mounted on the fixed sheet 21, that is, in this embodiment the right-angle roof prism 40 is used as an optical path conversion element.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3a, the conventional optical structure uses a pentaprism 52 as the deflection mechanism. Comparing the two, the optical path length of the pentaprism 52 (shown in Figure 14) is 3.41D0 (where D0 is the clear aperture of the prism), while the optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 (shown in Figures 15a and 15b) is 1.73D0. The optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 is 1.68D0 shorter than that of the pentaprism 52. Calculating with the smallest clear aperture of 18mm, the optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 is 30.24mm shorter than that of the pentaprism 52 (corresponding to an air gap of approximately 20mm).

[0039] The right-angle roof prism 40 used in this invention has an optical axis turning point higher than the midpoint, and when the optical axis is raised by the same distance, its edge is closer to the fixed surface than the pentaprism 52 (as shown in Figure 16), further shortening the air gap. When calculated at the smallest clear aperture of 18mm, the 13.2mm air gap is replaced by glass, and the air gap is shortened by approximately 4.5mm.

[0040] Therefore, using the right-angle roof prism 40 in this parallel optical path significantly shortens the optical path, greatly reducing the projection height of the principal ray in the edge field of view, effectively reducing vignetting at the edges, and preventing the edges of the image from becoming dim or obscured.

[0041] As shown in Figure 6, the bifocal lens means comprises a prism / lens group arranged sequentially in the optical path direction, a first right-angle prism 45, a second right-angle prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49. Here, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is provided within a rotating connecting component 31. In this embodiment, the angle-adjustable prism / lens group comprises a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, and a fifth right-angle prism 44.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5, the overall optical structure consists of a right-angle roof prism 40, a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, a fifth right-angle prism 44, a first right-angle prism 45, a second right-angle prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49, arranged in order along the optical path. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism 40, then passes through the third right-angle prism 41, the small objective lens 42, the fourth right-angle prism 43, the fifth right-angle prism 44, the first right-angle prism 45, the second right-angle prism 46, and the field lens 47, and is inverted another 180 degrees to form an erect real image at the aperture 48, which is then observed by the eyepiece lens 49.

[0043] As shown in Figure 3a, the conventional optical structure of the bi-eyepiece lens means uses a Porro prism 540. Compared with the first right-angle prism 45 and second right-angle prism 46 of the present invention, the Porro prism 540 is made by combining and bonding three prisms, and it is necessary to distinguish between the left and right combinations. Processing, assembly, and modification are all relatively complex and costly. At the same time, the focal length of the small objective lens 42 of the conventional bi-eyepiece lens tube is generally 170 mm. Due to the requirements of the subsequent optical path structure, the optical path length of the Porro prism 540 is particularly long, requiring the addition of a thick meniscus lens 53 to move the optical principal surface of the small objective lens 42 backward. However, the thick meniscus lens 53 is difficult to center, has a very sensitive radius of curvature, has strict tolerance requirements, and high processing and manufacturing costs.

[0044] In this invention, using two right-angle prisms (first right-angle prism 45, second right-angle prism 46) makes assembly and adjustment easier, allows for adjustable spacing, and facilitates adjustment of the interpupillary distance range. Furthermore, depending on the optical path, the aperture of the first right-angle prism 45 may be smaller for the convenience of mechanical structure design and assembly. Simultaneously, a smaller objective lens significantly shortens the subsequent optical path length, eliminating the need to add a separate thick meniscus lens for image plane position adjustment, simplifying the system and reducing costs.

[0045] In this embodiment, The small objective lens 42 is a first double-bonded lens set (two lenses) with positive focal power, and 50mm<|f G1 |<200mm, and

number

[0046] The Field Lens 47 is a single lens with negative focal power.

[0047] The eyepiece lens 49 is a single lens and a second double-junction lens set (two lenses) provided in order in the optical path direction, and 0.5 < f L3 / f G1 < 2 is satisfied, where f L3 is the focal length of the second double-junction lens set.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 6 and Table 1, the optical parameters of the binocular lens means in this embodiment are provided.

Table 1

[0049] Here, the radius is the curvature radius of the lens surface, the thickness is the thickness at the center of the lens, Nd is the refractive index of d light (wavelength 589.3 nm) in generally used optical glass, and Vd is the Abbe number.

[0050] The optical structure design used in this embodiment is "inverted image - inverted image". Compared with the conventional optical structure in FIG. 3a, its internal optical path is shortened by about half, which further contributes to reducing the ray divergence of the observed optical path, the mirror phenomenon is avoided by two internal reflections, and the image is rotated 180 degrees, and then the inversion prism in the binocular lens means can be removed, with a simple structure and low cost. Example 2:

[0051] This embodiment is substantially the same as Embodiment 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, in the binocular lens means, instead of the first right-angle prism 45 and the second right-angle prism 46 in Embodiment 1, a rhomboid prism 50 is used.

[0052] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the overall optical structure consists of a right-angle roof prism 40, a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, a fifth right-angle prism 44, a rhombic prism 50, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49, arranged in order along the optical path. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism 40, then passes through the third right-angle prism 41, the small objective lens 42, the fourth right-angle prism 43, the fifth right-angle prism 44, and the rhombic prism 50, and then inverted another 180 degrees to form an erect real image, which is then observed by the eyepiece lens 49 via the field lens 47 and aperture 48.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3a, the conventional optical structure uses a Porro prism 540 as its bi-eyepiece lens means. When compared with the rhombic prism 50 of the present invention, the optical path length of the Porro prism 540 is 4D0, while the optical path length of the rhombic prism 50 is 2D0. The optical path length of the rhombic prism 50 is 2D0 shorter than that of the Porro prism 540. Calculated at the smallest clear aperture of 22mm, the optical path length of the rhombic prism 50 is 44mm shorter than that of the Porro prism 540.

[0054] As shown in Figures 18a and 18b, the rhombic prism 50 used in this invention has matching left and right prisms, and is relatively easy to manufacture, assemble, and modify, resulting in low costs.

[0055] As shown in Figure 8 and Table 2, the optical parameters of the binocular lens means in this embodiment are provided. [Table 2] Example 3:

[0056] This embodiment is almost identical to Embodiment 1, the only difference being that, as shown in Figure 9, the bi-eyepiece tube is a straight bi-eyepiece tube 3'. The straight bi-eyepiece tube 3' does not have a rotating connector 31, the optical axis of the eyepiece 49 and the optical axis of the miniature objective lens 42 remain parallel, and the straight bi-eyepiece tube 3' and the steering extender 2 are directly connected. However, the straight bi-eyepiece tube 3' cannot be rotated perpendicular to the steering extender 2. In this case, the prism / lens group comprises only the miniature objective lens 42.

[0057] As shown in Figure 10, the bifocal lens means consists of a small objective lens 42, a first right-angle prism 45, a second right-angle prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49, all arranged in the direction of the optical path.

[0058] As shown in Figure 3b, the conventional optical structure's bifocal lens means uses a Porro prism 541. Compared with the first right-angle prism 45 and second right-angle prism 46 of the present invention, the Porro prism 541 is made by combining and bonding two large right-angle prisms, and it is necessary to distinguish between the left and right combinations. It occupies a large structural space, is heavy, and its processing, assembly, and modification are relatively complex and costly.

[0059] Using two right-angle prisms (i.e., the first right-angle prism 45 and the second right-angle prism 46 of this application) makes assembly and adjustment easier, allows for adjustable spacing, facilitates adjustment of the interpupillary distance range, simplifies the design and assembly of the mechanical structure, occupies less space, is lightweight, and is easy to process, assemble, and modify, resulting in lower costs. Example 4:

[0060] This embodiment is almost identical to Embodiment 1, the only difference being that in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 11, the bi-eyepiece tube is a 45° oblique bi-eyepiece tube 3''. The oblique bi-eyepiece tube 3'' does not have a rotating connector 31, and the optical axis of the eyepiece 49 and the optical axis of the miniature objective lens 42 maintain a 45° angle. The oblique bi-eyepiece tube 3'' and the steering extender 2 are directly connected, but the oblique bi-eyepiece tube 3'' cannot be rotated perpendicular to the steering extender 2. In this case, the prism / lens group comprises a miniature objective lens 42 and a half-pentaprism 51, and the miniature objective lens 42 and the half-pentaprism 51 are arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path.

[0061] As shown in Figure 12, the bifocal lens system consists of a small objective lens 42, a half-pentaprism 51, a first right-angle prism 45, a field lens 47, a second right-angle prism 46, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49, all arranged in the direction of the optical path.

[0062] Compared to the Schmidt roof prism 55 used in the optical structure shown in Figure 13, the half-pentaprism 51 used in this embodiment is relatively easy to manufacture, assemble, and modify, and is less expensive.

[0063] The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable a person familiar with this art to understand and implement the present invention, but not to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any substantially equivalent modifications or alterations made in accordance with the idea of ​​the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1. Microscope body 2 Steering Extenders 20 locking holes 21 Fixed sheet 3. Binocular eyepiece tubes 3' Straight Tube Binocular Eyepiece Tube 3'' angled binocular eyepiece tubes 30 positioning holes 31 Rotating connecting parts 40 Right-angle roof prism 41. Third Right-Angle Prism 42 Small objective lens 43. Fourth Right-Angle Prism 44. Fifth Right-Angle Prism 45. First Right-Angle Prism 46. ​​Second Right-Angle Prism 47 Field Lens 48 aperture 49 Eyepiece 50 Rhombus Prism 51 Half-Pentaprism 52 Pentaprism 53 Meniscus Lens 540 Porro prism 541 Porro prism 55 Schmidt Dach Prism

Claims

1. An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising deflection means and binocular lens means arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path, The aforementioned deflection means includes a right-angle roof prism, The aforementioned bi-eyepiece lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism, and an eyepiece lens arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and the prism / lens group comprises a small objective lens. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, then through the prism / lens group, the first right-angle prism, and the second right-angle prism, and then inverted another 180 degrees to form an erect real image which is observed by the eyepiece. An optical structure for a surgical microscope characterized by the following.

2. The prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

3. The angle-adjustable prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, wherein the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, and the fifth right-angle prism are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 2.

4. The third and fifth right-angle prisms can rotate relative to the fourth right-angle prism around the optical axis, and their rotation angles are always equal. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 3.

5. The prism / lens group comprises a half-pentaprism, and the small objective lens and the half-pentaprism are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

6. The aforementioned prism / lens group does not include a meniscus lens. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

7. The aforementioned miniature objective lens comprises a first double-bonded lens set having positive focal power, and 50mm < | f Ｇ１ | <200 mm, and [Math 3] Satisfying the condition, where f Ｇ１ This is the focal length of the first double-bonded lens set, R １ This is the radius of curvature of the bonding surface of the first double-bonded lens set, φ １ This is the effective diameter of the joint surface. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

8. The eyepiece comprises a second double-bonded lens set and a single lens arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and 0.5<f Ｌ３ / f Ｇ１ <2 Satisfying the condition, where f Ｌ３ This is the focal length of the aforementioned second double-bonded lens set. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 7.

9. The aforementioned bi-eyepiece lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the small objective lens, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture, and the eyepiece lens are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

10. The prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, and the bi-eyepiece lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture, and the eyepiece lens are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

11. The prism / lens group further comprises a half-pentaprism, and the small objective lens, the half-pentaprism, the first right-angle prism, the field lens, the second right-angle prism, the aperture, and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 1.

12. An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising deflection means and binocular lens means arranged sequentially in the direction of the optical path, The aforementioned deflection means includes a right-angle roof prism, The aforementioned bi-eyepiece lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a rhombic prism, and an eyepiece lens arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and the prism / lens group comprises a small objective lens. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, then through the prism / lens group and the rhombic prism, and then inverted another 180 degrees to produce an erect real image which is observed by the eyepiece. An optical structure for a surgical microscope characterized by the following.

13. The prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, and the bi-eyepiece lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the rhombic prism, the field lens, the aperture, and the eyepiece lens are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path. The optical structure of the surgical microscope according to feature 12.

14. A surgical microscope comprising a microscope body, a steering extender, and a binocular lens tube, wherein the steering extender is connected to the microscope body and the binocular lens tube is connected to the steering extender, The surgical microscope further comprises the optical structure described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the steering means is provided within the steering extender, and the binocular lens means is provided within the binocular lens tube. A surgical microscope characterized by the following features.

15. The binocular lens tube is connected to the steering extender and has a rotating connecting component that is rotatably adjustable perpendicular to the steering extender, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is provided within the rotating connecting component. The surgical microscope according to feature 14.

16. The aforementioned binocular lens tube is either a straight binocular lens tube or a 45° angled binocular lens tube. The surgical microscope according to feature 14.

17. A fixed seat is provided within the steering extender, and the right-angle roof prism is mounted on the fixed seat. The surgical microscope according to feature 14.

18. The two eyepiece tubes and the steering extender are detachably connected. The surgical microscope according to feature 14.

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