A surgical microscope diagnosis and treatment system

Abstract

The application discloses a surgical microscope diagnosis and treatment system, which comprises a microscopic observation module, a storage module and an enhanced information image injection module, the microscopic observation module is used for observing a target object to be observed; the storage module stores a radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image of the target object; the enhanced information image injection module is used for projecting the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image in the form of an optical image into an observation field of view of the microscopic observation module, and superimposing the optical image with an optical image under a microscope in the observation field of view of the microscopic observation module to form a superimposed optical image. The surgical microscope diagnosis and treatment system can superimpose an additional information image on an optical image under a microscope in the microscope through a projection mode, an operator can conveniently and flexibly observe the target object during an operation, and can quickly check various data information related to the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dental diagnostic and treatment technology, and in particular to a surgical microscope diagnostic and treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical microscopes can be used for the examination and treatment of dental pulp and root canals. They allow for clear observation of the location of the root canal orifice, the morphology of the root canal wall, and the removal of pulp within the root canal. This enables procedures such as root canal preparation and filling, removal of broken instruments, and periapical surgery. With ample lighting and clear magnified observation, the widespread use of dental surgical microscopes has transformed traditional, experience-based, and manual techniques, significantly improving the success rate of root canal treatment, removal of metal blockages from root canals, treatment of root canal ledges, apical deviation, and pulp chamber perforation.

[0003] On the other hand, because doctors must accommodate the patient's posture, they cannot maintain a normal, comfortable posture. Continuous delicate operations can lead to fatigue and soreness in the shoulder, neck, and back muscles, which can accumulate over time and cause serious joint problems, even affecting the doctor's professional lifespan. The advent of the surgical microscope has solved these problems. It allows doctors to maintain an ergonomically correct posture during examinations and treatments, eliminating shoulder, neck, and back fatigue, and effectively improving diagnostic and treatment efficiency and quality.

[0004] However, traditional surgical microscopes can only observe the outer layer of tissue, not the internal tissue structure. Some procedures require repeated attempts, which is time-consuming and can easily lead to missed root canals or excessive removal of healthy tooth tissue. Teeth are three-dimensional structures with multiple layers of tissue; surgical microscopes can only observe the detailed features of the outer layer and cannot determine the inner tissue structure.

[0005] The hollow part in the middle of a tooth contains soft tissue called the dental pulp. The upper part of the cavity is wide, called the pulp chamber, and the lower part contains tubular root canals from which the dental nerve and its blood vessels supplying it emerge. Infection of the dental pulp causes pain, jawbone infection, and ultimately, the tooth becomes brittle due to the death of the dental nerve.

[0006] Taking root canal treatment as an example, the dentist needs to completely open the pulp chamber, locate all the root canals, and treat them. Humans generally have 1-4 root canals per tooth, with the posterior teeth having the most. In cases of multi-rooted teeth, due to age-related changes, the deposition of reparative dentin, pulp stones, pulp chamber calcification, or variations in root canal morphology, making it difficult to locate the root canal orifices, it is necessary to utilize the three-dimensional anatomy of the tooth to understand and view the anatomical morphology of the pulp chamber from various directions and positions. X-rays taken using various projection methods are used to understand and indicate the number, shape, location, direction, and curvature of the roots and root canals; the relationship between the roots and the crown; and various possible variations in the anatomical morphology of the roots and root canals. Since some teeth can have up to four root canals, and there may be complex situations such as lateral root canals, accessory root canals, apical bifurcation, and apical furcation, these can be missed even under magnified observation. It is necessary to estimate the possible location of the root canal. If necessary, a small ball bur can be used to remove a small amount of dentin at the possible or expected location of the root canal in the developmental groove. Then, a sharp probe can be used to try to pierce any calcified areas to point out the root canal orifice. The dentin collar at the neck of the tooth is removed to expose the location of the root canal orifice. In other words, if there is calcification of the root canal orifice, the dentist needs to repeatedly probe each possible location, which inevitably leads to the removal of too much healthy tooth tissue.

[0007] Currently, preoperative dental X-rays are frequently used to help dentists determine the number and shape of root canals. Firstly, dentists need to dedicate some time to memorizing the root canal morphology, and may even pause surgery to re-examine the X-rays. Furthermore, because dental X-rays are only two-dimensional images, they cannot accurately represent the three-dimensional shape of root canals. In reality, many root canals have multiple bends in their path, making accurate location impossible using only X-rays.

[0008] CBCT and other three-dimensional images are complex and difficult to memorize. Doctors need to memorize the three-dimensional shape of the tooth structure in their minds and compare, superimpose, and fuse it with the actual object under the microscope during the operation. This requires a lot of effort and it is difficult to guarantee accuracy and precision.

[0009] Therefore, considering the aforementioned technical problems, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this application proposes a surgical microscope diagnostic and treatment system, the specific solution of which is as follows:

[0011] A surgical microscope diagnostic system includes a microscopic observation module, a storage module, and an enhanced information image injection module. The microscopic observation module is used to observe a target object. The storage module stores a radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image of the target object. The enhanced information image injection module projects the radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image into the observation field of the microscopic observation module in the form of an optical image, and superimposes it with the microscopic optical image in the observation field of the microscopic observation module to form a superimposed optical image.

[0012] Furthermore, the digital image switch for the three-dimensional structure of the radiation imaging is controllable, allowing the operator to select whether to view a layered two-dimensional image or a 3D image of the target object as needed.

[0013] Furthermore, it includes a 3D imaging module and an image recognition processing module. The 3D imaging module is used to acquire microscopic optical images in the field of view of the microscopic observation module in real time and convert the microscopic optical images into three-dimensional digital images. The image recognition processing module is used to identify biological features in the three-dimensional digital images and, through biological feature comparison, transmits a radiation imaging three-dimensional structural digital image that matches the three-dimensional digital image to the enhanced information image injection module, and then projects it into a set area in the field of view of the microscopic observation module.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a detection module. The microscopic observation module is equipped with a large zoom objective and a zoom system. The detection module is used to detect the focus position of the large zoom objective and the magnification of the zoom system, respectively. The image recognition and processing module determines the depth position of the three-dimensional structure digital image of the radiation imaging based on the focus position of the large zoom objective detected by the detection module. The image recognition and processing module determines the depth range of the current layer region displayed in the three-dimensional structure digital image of the radiation imaging based on the magnification of the zoom system detected by the detection module.

[0015] Furthermore, the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is projected onto the edge of the observation field of the microscopic observation module, or the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is displayed overlapping with the microscopic optical image within the observation field of the microscopic observation module, and the transparency of the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is adjustable.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning and navigation detection module, which is installed on the surgical instrument. The positioning and navigation detection module is used to detect the depth and spatial position data of the surgical instrument in real time. The image recognition and processing module compares the depth and spatial position data collected by the positioning and navigation detection module with the biometric features in the three-dimensional digital image to obtain the real-time relative position data between the surgical instrument and the target object. The obtained real-time relative position data is then transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and projected onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module.

[0017] Furthermore, the depth and spatial position data of the surgical instruments, as well as the status data of the surgical instruments, are stored in the storage module in real time. The status data of the surgical instruments can be transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and then projected onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module.

[0018] Furthermore, the storage module also stores patient information data, root canal measurement data, oral scanner data, electronic periodontal probe data, and pulp vitality data. Each data is individually controllable, and the operator can project the required data into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module as needed.

[0019] Furthermore, the data are projected onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module in the form of text symbols, data tables, two-dimensional curves or three-dimensional topographic maps. The data are displayed in a split screen within the observation field of the microscopic observation module, or switched to be displayed in the same window. The display transparency of each data, as well as the size and position of the display window for each data, are adjustable.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an AI-assisted analysis module. The AI-assisted analysis module is controllable, and the operator can choose to turn the AI-assisted function on or off as needed. The AI-assisted analysis module is used to analyze the three-dimensional digital images acquired by the 3D imaging module, identify the lesions of the target object, and mark or remind the target object according to the lesions. At the same time, it summarizes and analyzes the data stored in the storage module to generate additional AI-assisted information, which is then projected into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a camera module for acquiring facial expression image data of the patient. The AI-assisted analysis module analyzes the facial expression image data acquired by the camera module to determine the patient's comfort level, and projects it in real time at a set position in the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module.

[0022] Furthermore, the microscopic observation module includes a surgical microscope, and the enhanced information image injection module includes a projection device. The projection device can project an additional information beam, which is superimposed on one or two incident beams in the surgical microscope and then injected into the binocular tube of the surgical microscope to form a superimposed optical image.

[0023] Furthermore, the projection device includes a projection display component and an imaging lens group. The projection display component is capable of projecting an additional optical image, which is converted into a parallel light beam by the imaging lens group to form the additional information light beam.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application has one or more of the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application, through the enhanced information image injection module, superimposes some auxiliary additional information images with the optical images under the microscope in the field of view, so that users can quickly view various data information related to the surgery during the operation.

[0026] (2) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application has a controllable three-dimensional structure digital image switch for radiation imaging. The operator can call up and view the 3D structure of the target object at any time as needed, and can select to view specific layered images to determine the internal structure of the tissue under the microscope.

[0027] (3) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application is equipped with an image recognition and processing module, which can automatically compare and register the three-dimensional digital image of the radiation imaging structure with the three-dimensional digital image of the optical image under the microscope through biometric judgment.

[0028] (4) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application can display the three-dimensional structure digital image of radiation imaging superimposed on the optical image under the microscope, and a positioning and navigation detection device is set in the surgical instrument to guide the surgical operation to be accurate and in place, so that the operator can confirm the operation in time and improve efficiency.

[0029] (5) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application can display patient information, root measuring instrument data, oral scanner data, electronic periodontal probe data, pulp vitality data and other data at the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module, so as to provide reference for the operator;

[0030] (6) The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this application is equipped with an AI-assisted module to realize AI-assisted diagnosis and display. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superimposed on the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 5 of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment Six of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 7 of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path superposition of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 8 of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a superimposed image of the optical path of the surgical microscope provided in Embodiment 9 of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 A flowchart of the surgical microscope diagnostic system provided in Embodiment 9 of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 A flowchart of the surgical microscope diagnostic system provided in Embodiment 10 of this application;

[0043] Figure 13 A flowchart of the surgical microscope diagnostic system provided in Embodiment Eleven of this application;

[0044] Figure 14 A flowchart of the surgical microscope diagnostic system provided in Embodiment Twelve of this application;

[0045] Figure 15 A flowchart of the surgical microscope diagnostic system provided in Embodiment Thirteen of this application.

[0046] Among them, 1-microscope body, 2-zoom lens group, 3-overlay lens group, 301-first longitudinal beam splitter, 302-first transverse beam splitter, 303-second transverse beam splitter, 304-first reflecting mirror, 305-second longitudinal beam splitter, 306-third longitudinal beam splitter, 307-second reflecting mirror, 308-third reflecting mirror, 309-fourth longitudinal beam splitter, 310-third transverse beam splitter, 311-fourth transverse beam splitter, 312-fifth transverse beam splitter, 4-large objective lens group, 5-binocular lens tube, 51-eyepiece, 6-projection device, 61-projection display component, 62-imaging lens group, 63-converter lens group, 64-cover, 7-imaging equipment, 8-filtering device, 91-first incident beam, 92-second incident beam, 93-additional optical image, 94-additional information beam. 95 - First superimposed beam, 96 - Second superimposed beam, 97 - Third superimposed beam, 98 - Fourth superimposed beam, 99 - Fifth superimposed beam. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0048] This application provides a surgical microscope, comprising a microscope body 1, a zoom lens group 2 and a superimposed lens group 3 built into the microscope body 1, a large objective lens group 4 connected to the microscope body 1, a binocular tube 5, and a projection device 6, such as... Figure 1 As shown. The surgical microscope is a dual-light design, and the zoom lens group 2 includes a first zoom lens group and a second zoom lens group. A first incident beam 91 passes sequentially through the large objective lens group 4 and the first zoom lens group and enters the binocular tube 5. A second incident beam 92 passes sequentially through the large objective lens group 4 and the second zoom lens group and enters the binocular tube 5. The projection device 6 projects an additional information beam 94, which is superimposed on the first incident beam 91 and / or the second incident beam by the superposition lens group 3 before entering the binocular tube 5. The projection device 6 includes a projection display component 61 and an imaging lens group 62. The projection display component 61 can project an additional optical image 93, which is converted into a parallel beam by the imaging lens group 62 to form the additional information beam 94. The projection display component 61 is preferably a miniature projector.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] In this embodiment, the projection device is installed on the rear side of the microscope body 1, such as... Figure 1As shown, the projection display component 61 and the imaging lens group 62 are both located inside the housing 64 of the projection device 6, and are attached as accessories between the surgical microscope body 1 and the binocular tube 5.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the superimposed mirror group 3 includes a first longitudinal beam splitter 301. The projection display component 61 projects an additional optical image 93 from the rear side of the microscope body 1. It should be noted that if the light path projected by the projection display component 61 is not the same as that of the first longitudinal beam splitter 301, in specific implementations, a deflector group 63 can be added to the imaging mirror group 62 as needed. This allows the additional optical image 93 projected by the projection display component 61 to be converted into an additional information beam 94 by the imaging mirror group 62 and then directly projected into the first longitudinal beam splitter 301. The deflector group 63 used in the figure consists of two right-angle prisms; however, in specific implementations, the two right-angle prisms can be replaced by rhomboid prisms, plane mirrors, etc. The additional information beam 94 is superimposed on the first incident beam 91 through the first longitudinal beam splitter 301 to form a first superimposed beam 95. The first superimposed beam 95 is then imaged through the binocular tube 5, and the operator can observe the superimposed optical image under the microscope through the eyepiece.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with the addition of a first transverse beam splitter 302 to the superimposed mirror group 3 along the optical path of the second incident beam 92. For example... Figure 3 As shown, after the second incident beam 92 passes through the second zoom lens group, it is laterally split by the first transverse beam splitter 302. A portion of the second incident beam 92 continues to enter the binocular lens tube 5 along the original optical path, while the other portion of the second incident beam 92 can be captured by the imaging device 7, providing an image to the imaging device 7. The imaging device 7 may be a camera, camcorder, mobile phone, or auxiliary mirror.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with the addition of a second transverse beam splitter 303 between the imaging lens group 62 and the first longitudinal beam splitter 301 in the superimposed lens group 3, and a second longitudinal beam splitter 305 in the optical path of the second incident beam 92. A first reflecting mirror 304 is added between the second transverse beam splitter 303 and the second longitudinal beam splitter 305. Figure 4As shown, the additional information beam 94 is laterally split by the second transverse beam splitter 303. A portion of the additional information beam 94 continues along the original optical path into the first longitudinal beam splitter 301, where it superimposes with the first incident beam 91 to form a first superimposed beam 95. The other portion of the additional information beam 94 is deflected by the first reflector 304 after a 90° bend, and then enters the second longitudinal beam splitter 305, where it superimposes with the second incident beam 92 to form a second superimposed beam 96. Subsequently, the first superimposed beam 95 and the second superimposed beam 96 are imaged through the binocular tube 5 and observed through the eyepiece. In this embodiment, all beams incident on the binocular tube 5 are superimposed beams.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 3, by adding lateral beam channels to the microscope body 1 at positions corresponding to the first longitudinal beam splitter 301 and the second longitudinal beam splitter 305. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the first superimposed beam 95 is laterally split by the first longitudinal beam splitter 301. A portion of the first superimposed beam 95 enters the binocular lens tube 5, while the other portion exits through a corresponding lateral beam channel. The second superimposed beam 96 is laterally split by the second longitudinal beam splitter 305. A portion of the second superimposed beam 96 enters the binocular lens tube 5, while the other portion exits through a corresponding lateral beam channel. The first superimposed beam 95 and the second superimposed beam 96 exiting through the lateral beam channel can be captured by the imaging device 7, providing an image to the imaging device 7. The imaging device 7 may be a camera, camcorder, mobile phone, or auxiliary mirror. The image obtained by the imaging device 7 at this time is a superimposed image.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] In this embodiment, the projection device is installed on the left or right side of the microscope body 1. The projection display unit 61 projects an additional optical image 93 from the left or right side of the microscope body 1. Figure 6 As shown, the superimposed lens group 3 includes a third longitudinal beam splitter 306, which can be driven to translate along the left-right direction of the microscope body 1 within the microscope body 1. The additional information beam 94 is superimposed with the first incident beam 91 or the second incident beam 92 through the third longitudinal beam splitter 306 to form a third superimposed beam 97, which is then imaged through the binocular tube 5. The third longitudinal beam splitter 306 is designed to be translational, allowing the additional optical image 93 to be superimposed with any path of the surgical microscope.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 5, by adding a lateral beam channel to the microscope body 1 at the position corresponding to the third longitudinal beam splitter 306. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the third superimposed beam 97 is laterally split by the third longitudinal beam splitter 306. A portion of the third superimposed beam 97 enters the binocular lens tube 5, while the other portion exits through a corresponding lateral beam channel. The third superimposed beam 97 exiting through the lateral beam channel can be captured by the imaging device 7, providing an image to the imaging device 7. The imaging device 7 may be a camera, camcorder, mobile phone, or auxiliary mirror. The image obtained by the imaging device 7 at this time is a superimposed image.

[0062] Example 7

[0063] In this embodiment, the projection device is installed on the lower side or inside of the microscope body 1. The superimposed mirror group 3 includes a second reflecting mirror 307, a third reflecting mirror 308, a fourth longitudinal beam splitter 309, and a third transverse beam splitter 310. Figure 8 As shown, the additional information beam 94 is reflected by the second reflector 307 and enters the fourth longitudinal beam splitter 309 from the rear side of the microscope body 1. The additional information beam 94 is superimposed with the first incident beam 91 through the fourth longitudinal beam splitter 309 to form a fourth superimposed beam 98. The fourth superimposed beam 98 is then imaged through the binocular tube 5. The second incident beam 92 passes through the second zoom lens group and is laterally split by the third transverse beam splitter 310. A portion of the second incident beam 92 continues to enter the binocular tube 5 along the original optical path, while another portion of the second incident beam 92 is reflected downwards by the third reflector 308. The downward-emitted portion of the second incident beam 92 can be acquired by the imaging device 7, providing an image to the imaging device 7.

[0064] Example 8

[0065] This embodiment is based on Embodiment Seven, with the addition of a fourth transverse beam splitter 311 between the second reflecting mirror 307 and the fourth longitudinal beam splitter 309, and the addition of a fifth transverse beam splitter 312 between the third transverse beam splitter 310 and the third reflecting mirror 308 and the fourth transverse beam splitter 311. Figure 9As shown, the additional information beam 94 reflected by the second reflector 307 is laterally split by the fourth transverse beam splitter 311. A portion of the additional information beam 94 enters the fourth longitudinal beam splitter 309 along the original optical path, while another portion of the additional information beam 94 deflects 90° and enters the fifth transverse beam splitter 312. The portion of the second incident beam 92, laterally split by the third transverse beam splitter 310, is superimposed on the portion of the additional information beam 94 entering the fifth transverse beam splitter 312 to form a fifth superimposed beam 99. This fifth superimposed beam is reflected downwards by the third reflector 308 and can be captured by the imaging device 7, providing an image to the imaging device 7. The image obtained by the imaging device 7 at this time is a superimposed image.

[0066] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the imaging lens group 62 may also be provided with an optical zoom system, and the image size of the additional information beam 94 after imaging can be adjusted by adjusting the optical zoom system.

[0067] Simultaneously, a filtering device 8 can be installed between the superimposed lens group 3 and the binocular tube 5. The filtering device 8 primarily adjusts the brightness of the supplementary information image to match the brightness of the optical image from the surgical microscope, facilitating observation. Furthermore, optical filters can be installed to filter out or reduce harmful spectral components, such as reducing blue light damage. Polarizing filters or spatial filtering devices, such as apertures with different aperture sizes, can also be placed as needed. Multiple filtering devices 8 can be switched via a rotating turntable or by pushing and pulling.

[0068] The above embodiments are illustrative descriptions of the structure of a surgical microscope in a surgical microscope diagnostic system. The specific details of the surgical microscope diagnostic system will be elaborated below:

[0069] Example 9

[0070] The surgical microscope diagnostic system includes a microscopic observation module, a storage module, and an enhanced information image injection module. The microscopic observation module is used to observe the target object, and this module can be any surgical microscope as described in the above embodiments. A radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image of the target object is imported into the storage module via external input or retrieval. The radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image is preferably a CBCT digital image; the following embodiments use CBCT digital images as examples to illustrate the technical solution. The enhanced information image injection module projects the radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image as an optical image onto the edge of the observation field of the microscopic observation module, superimposing it with the microscopic optical image within the observation field of the microscopic observation module to form a superimposed optical image, such as... Figure 10As shown, the system provides real-time reference for operators, and the system flow is as follows: Figure 11 As shown. The enhanced information image injection module, namely the projection device 6 described in the above embodiment, requires additional digital information to be integrated and transmitted to the projection display component 61 via wired HDMI, SDI, Ethernet port, wireless Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc., to be converted into an optical image and output.

[0071] The CBCT digital image switch is controllable, allowing the operator to select between viewing layered two-dimensional or 3D images of the target object as needed. The operator can determine the internal structure of the tissue under the microscope by selecting a specific layered two-dimensional image. In this embodiment, the operator needs to manually compare and register the CBCT digital image with the microscopic optical image.

[0072] Example 10

[0073] This embodiment of the surgical microscope diagnostic system, based on Embodiment Nine, adds a 3D imaging module and an image recognition and processing module. The 3D imaging module is used to acquire real-time optical images under the microscope in the field of view of the microscopic observation module and convert these images into three-dimensional digital images. The image recognition and processing module is used to identify biomarkers in the three-dimensional digital images and, through biomarker comparison, automatically compares and registers the CBCT digital image with the three-dimensional digital image. Then, the CBCT digital image matching the three-dimensional digital image is transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and finally projected into the field of view of the microscopic observation module. The system flow is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0074] The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this embodiment also includes a detection module. The detection module is used to detect the focusing position of the large zoom objective (i.e., large objective group 4) and the magnification of the zoom system (i.e., zoom lens group 2) of the surgical microscope. Preferably, the detection module employs position sensors; that is, position sensors are added to the positions of the large zoom objective and the zoom system of the surgical microscope. The image recognition and processing module determines the depth position of the CBCT digital image based on the focusing position of the large zoom objective detected by the position sensors, and determines the depth range of the current layer region displayed in the CBCT digital image based on the magnification of the zoom system detected by the detection module. The focal depth position of the surgical microscope is automatically registered with the CBCT layer depth; that is, when observing a planar structure under the microscope, the CBCT digital image automatically displays the CT digital image of the current layer (or the current layer region).

[0075] Example 11

[0076] The surgical microscope diagnostic system in this embodiment is based on Embodiment 10, in which the CBCT digital image is displayed in conjunction with the microscopic optical image within the field of view of the microscopic observation module. The transparency of the CBCT digital image is adjustable.

[0077] The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this embodiment also includes a positioning and navigation detection module, which is installed on the surgical instrument, such as a dental handpiece. The positioning and navigation detection module is used to detect the depth and spatial position data of the surgical instrument in real time. The image recognition and processing module compares the depth and spatial position data collected by the positioning and navigation detection module with biometric features in a three-dimensional digital image, such as the location, shape, depth, and orientation of root canal orifices, to obtain real-time relative position data between the surgical instrument and the target object. This real-time relative position data is then transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and projected onto a set position within the observation field of the microscopic observation module. The system flow is as follows: Figure 13 As shown. Simultaneously, the status data of surgical instruments, such as the rotation speed and torque value of the handpiece, can also be imported and projected onto a set position in the observation field of the microscopic observation module via the enhanced information image injection module. When the position sensors located at the zoom objective and zoom system detect changes, the real-time data of the surgical instruments is automatically projected onto the set position in the observation field of the microscopic observation module, facilitating timely confirmation of the operation by the doctor and improving efficiency. The depth and spatial position data of the surgical instruments, as well as the status data of the surgical instruments, can be stored in the storage module in real time.

[0078] Example 12

[0079] The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this embodiment is based on any of the embodiments nine to eleven, but incorporates more relevant data, such as patient information data, root canal measurement data, oral scanner data, electronic periodontal probe data, and pulp vitality data. All of this data can be stored in the storage module through external input or retrieval. Each data point is equipped with a display switch, allowing for individual on / off control. The operator can project the required data onto a set position within the observation field of the microscopic observation module via the enhanced information image injection module. The system flow is as follows: Figure 14 As shown.

[0080] The data can be projected into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module in various ways, such as text symbols, data tables, two-dimensional curves or three-dimensional topographic maps. The data can be displayed in a split screen or switched in the same window within the observation field of the microscopic observation module. The display transparency of each data, as well as the size and position of the display window for each data, can be adjusted.

[0081] Patient information data includes basic patient information, contraindications, and monitoring information such as blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation.

[0082] Root canal measurement data: Accurate measurement of the working length of the root canal is a basic condition for successful root canal treatment. Depending on the diagnosis, the endpoint of root canal preparation and filling varies for teeth with different conditions, and an error range of ±0.5mm needs to be ensured. Therefore, a root canal measuring instrument is used for measurement, and its data can be selectively displayed for reference.

[0083] Oral scanner data: high-resolution three-dimensional morphology of oral cavity structure.

[0084] Electronic periodontal probe data: The fundamental importance of periodontal health in oral medicine is an indisputable fact in the international dental community. Periodontal probing is a crucial method for basic oral diagnosis. Measuring periodontal pocket depth and attachment level with a periodontal probe is currently the primary method for clinically evaluating the extent of periodontal damage and serves as clinical evidence for assessing changes in periodontal condition. The Florida probe system can automatically measure a patient's periodontal pocket depth, attachment level, and attached gingival width under the operation of a single healthcare professional. It also records the overall dentition condition, tooth mobility, gingival bleeding and suppuration, furcation pathology, plaque distribution, and other indicators reflecting the severity of periodontal disease and prognosis. The system's built-in risk factor assessment function effectively evaluates the patient's condition risk, helping dentists objectively develop targeted treatment plans.

[0085] Pulp vitality data: The dental pulp is located within the pulp chamber surrounded by dentin, connected to the periapical tissues by a narrow apical foramen. It cannot be directly visualized, making it impossible to visually assess its condition clinically. The pulp is richly supplied with nerves that can sense external stimuli. Clinically, temperature and electrical stimulation of the pulp's nerve fibers are used to assess its vitality, helping dentists choose between completely removing necrotic pulp or performing a transection to preserve the healthy portion.

[0086] Example 13

[0087] The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this embodiment adds an AI-assisted analysis module to any of the embodiments nine to twelve to achieve AI-assisted diagnosis and display. The AI-assisted analysis module is switchable; this switch can be a master switch or a separate function switch, allowing the operator to choose to turn the corresponding AI-assisted function on or off as needed. The AI-assisted analysis module analyzes the three-dimensional digital images acquired by the 3D imaging module, identifies the lesions of the target object, and marks or alerts the target object based on the lesion conditions. Simultaneously, it summarizes and analyzes the data stored in the storage module to generate additional AI-assisted information. The operator can project this additional AI-assisted information onto a set position in the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module, as needed. The system flow is as follows: Figure 15 As shown.

[0088] For example, analyzing only the three-dimensional digital images acquired by the 3D imaging module:

[0089] The system analyzes digital images from microscopes under normal white light illumination to identify oral and dental lesions such as caries, microcracks, plaque, discoloration, and oral cancer, and marks or provides warnings. Marking methods can include different colored text, frames, borders, arrows, staining, etc., individually or in combination, accompanied by audio prompts. Suspected lesions requiring further examination are automatically marked, and the operator is prompted to switch to the appropriate operating mode, such as different wavelength fluorescence detection modes, polarization modes, or different filter modes. For lesions requiring switching to different operating modes for further examination, the AI ​​module can also automatically control the microscope to switch modes and obtain images in the corresponding mode for further analysis. For details on the specific mode switching implementation, please refer to patent CN211741708U, which will not be elaborated here.

[0090] Simultaneously, other imported data are summarized and analyzed: comprehensive analysis of patient information (age, gender, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, past medical history, etc.), CBCT, root canal measurement, electronic periodontal probe, pulp vitality data, etc., to evaluate the tooth condition based on the expert system, suggesting feasible treatment plans and procedures; combined with the spatial position and depth information of surgical instruments, instructions or reminders are given on tooth preparation size, depth, rotation speed, etc., to improve the standardization of operation;

[0091] The surgical microscope diagnostic system of this embodiment can also be equipped with a camera module, such as a video camera, to obtain the patient's facial expression image data in real time. The AI-assisted analysis module analyzes the facial expression image data collected by the camera module to determine the patient's comfort level, and the enhanced information image injection module projects the data in real time onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module, so that the operator can understand the patient's condition at any time.

[0092] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0093] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the location of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0094] Where there is no conflict, the above embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0095] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical microscope diagnosis and treatment system characterized by comprising: It includes a microscopic observation module, a storage module, and an enhanced information image injection module. The microscopic observation module is used to observe the target object to be observed; The storage module stores a three-dimensional structural digital image of the target object using radiometric imaging. The enhanced information image injection module is used to project the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image into the observation field of the microscopic observation module in the form of an optical image, and superimpose it with the microscopic optical image in the observation field of the microscopic observation module to form a superimposed optical image. It includes a 3D imaging module and an image recognition and processing module. The 3D imaging module is used to acquire optical images under the microscope in the field of view of the microscopic observation module in real time and convert the optical images under the microscope into three-dimensional digital images. The image recognition and processing module is used to identify biological features in the three-dimensional digital images and, through biological feature comparison, transmits a radiometric three-dimensional structural digital image that matches the three-dimensional digital image to the enhanced information image injection module, and then projects it into a set area in the field of view of the microscopic observation module. It also includes a detection module, which contains a large zoom objective and a zoom system. The detection module is used to detect the focus position of the large zoom objective and the magnification of the zoom system. The image recognition and processing module determines the depth position of the three-dimensional structure digital image of the radiation imaging based on the focus position of the large zoom objective detected by the detection module. The image recognition and processing module determines the depth range of the current layer region displayed in the three-dimensional structure digital image of the radiation imaging based on the magnification of the zoom system detected by the detection module. The radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is projected onto the edge of the observation field of the microscopic observation module, or the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is displayed overlapping with the microscopic optical image within the observation field of the microscopic observation module, and the transparency of the radiation imaging three-dimensional structure digital image is adjustable.

2. The surgical microscope diagnosis support system according to claim 1, characterized by The digital image switch for the three-dimensional structure of the radiation imaging is controllable, and the operator can choose to view the layered two-dimensional image or the 3D image of the target object as needed.

3. The surgical microscope diagnosis support system according to claim 1, characterized by It also includes a positioning and navigation detection module, which is installed on the surgical instrument. The positioning and navigation detection module is used to detect the depth and spatial position data of the surgical instrument in real time. The image recognition and processing module compares the depth and spatial position data collected by the positioning and navigation detection module with the biometric features in the three-dimensional digital image to obtain the real-time relative position data between the surgical instrument and the target object. The obtained real-time relative position data is then transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and then projected onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module.

4. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The depth and spatial position data of the surgical instruments, as well as the status data of the surgical instruments, are stored in the storage module in real time. The status data of the surgical instruments can be transmitted to the enhanced information image injection module and then projected onto the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module.

5. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The storage module also stores patient information data, root canal measurement data, oral scanner data, electronic periodontal probe data, and pulp vitality data. Each data is individually controllable, and the operator can project the required data into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module as needed.

6. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each data point is projected into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module in the form of text symbols, data tables, two-dimensional curves or three-dimensional topographic maps. Each data point is displayed in a split screen within the observation field of the microscopic observation module, or switched to be displayed in the same window. The display transparency of each data point, as well as the size and position of the display window for each data point, are adjustable.

7. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an AI-assisted analysis module, which is controllable and can be turned on or off by the operator as needed. The AI-assisted analysis module is used to analyze the three-dimensional digital images acquired by the 3D imaging module, identify the lesions of the target object, and mark or remind the target object according to the lesions. At the same time, it summarizes and analyzes the data stored in the storage module to generate additional AI-assisted information, which is then projected into the set position of the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module.

8. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a camera module for collecting facial expression image data of the patient. The AI-assisted analysis module analyzes the facial expression image data collected by the camera module to determine the patient's comfort level, and projects it in real time at a set position in the observation field of the microscopic observation module through the enhanced information image injection module.

9. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microscopic observation module includes a surgical microscope, and the enhanced information image injection module includes a projection device (6). The projection device (6) can project an additional information beam (94). The additional information beam (94) is superimposed with one or two incident beams in the surgical microscope and then injected into the binocular tube (5) of the surgical microscope to form a superimposed optical image.

10. The surgical microscope diagnostic system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The projection device (6) includes a projection display component (61) and an imaging lens group (62). The projection display component (61) can project an additional optical image (93). The additional optical image (93) is converted into a parallel beam by the imaging lens group (62) to form the additional information beam (94).

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