Circuit breakers and circuit breaking methods

Abstract

A breaker comprising: breaker units for breaking bi-directional current; and a housing that includes a plurality of slots into which the breaker units are inserted, and a circuit pre-wired so as to connect between different points in accordance with the slots into which the breaker units are inserted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a circuit breaker and a breaking method.

Background Art

[0002] In a power supply system, a circuit breaker may be installed for wiring protection or the like. In particular, an outdoor power supply system has a complex power network in which various power sources (photovoltaic power generation (PV), wind power generation, etc.) and loads (electric vehicles (EVs), storage batteries, etc.) are connected bidirectionally (Non-Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0003]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Conventionally, in a complex network, there are inputs and outputs not only in two directions but also in multiple directions such as three directions and four directions, and it is necessary to create dedicated interruption units (for example, for three directions, for four directions, etc.) for each type (number of directions). As a result, there is a problem that the configuration of the circuit breaker that branches in multiple directions becomes complicated. Such complication of the circuit breaker may increase the cost for constructing a network involving the circuit breaker.

[0005] The disclosed technology aims to simplify the configuration of a circuit breaker that branches in multiple directions.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The disclosed technology comprises a break-off unit for interrupting bidirectional current, a plurality of slots for inserting the break-off unit, and differentiating depending on the slot into which the break-off unit is inserted. connector The enclosure includes a circuit that is pre-wired to be connected in between, Each connector is connected to the power supply network. It is a circuit breaker. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] This allows for a simplification of the configuration of circuit breakers that branch in multiple directions. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of the configuration of the power supply system according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This diagram shows the circuit of a circuit breaker that branches in two directions. [Figure 3] This diagram shows a circuit breaker that branches in three directions. [Figure 4] This diagram shows the circuit of a circuit breaker that branches in four directions. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of the external appearance of a circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is the first figure showing an example of the internal wiring of the circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of a conventional circuit breaker unit. [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of the internal circuitry of a conventional circuit breaker unit. [Figure 9] This figure shows an example of a shutoff unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 10] This diagram shows the circuit of a circuit breaker that branches in five directions. [Figure 11] This diagram shows the circuit of a circuit breaker that branches in six directions. [Figure 12] This is a second figure showing an example of the internal wiring of the circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 13]It is a diagram showing the appearance of the housing of a circuit breaker according to a modification of Example 1 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] It is a diagram showing an example of a conventional bidirectional power supply system. [Figure 15] It is a sequence diagram showing an example of the flow of handshake in a conventional bidirectional power supply system. [Figure 16] It is a diagram showing the configuration of a power supply system according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of control processing according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] It is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of power supply path determination processing according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] It is a first diagram for explaining the method of determining the power supply path according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] It is a second diagram for explaining the method of determining the power supply path according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] It is a diagram for explaining the method of setting the lock and protection cooperation of the power supply path according to Example 2 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 22] It is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a computer. [Figure 23] It is a diagram for explaining a conventional cutoff circuit. [Figure 24] It is a diagram for explaining a conventional branch cutoff circuit. [Figure 25] It is a diagram showing an example of a branch cutoff circuit according to Example 3 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] It is a diagram showing an example of the housing of a circuit breaker according to Example 3 of the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 27] It is a diagram showing an example of the circuit of a circuit breaker according to Example 3 of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention (this embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0010] (Summary of this embodiment) The power supply system according to this embodiment is designed for use outdoors, where various power sources (photovoltaics (PV), wind power, etc.) and loads (EVs (electric vehicles), storage batteries, etc.) are connected bidirectionally. Therefore, connection points are not limited to two directions, but can be three, four, or more, and the circuit breakers for protection need to be individually customized according to the number of branches.

[0011] The circuit breaker in this embodiment may be a DC circuit breaker or an AC circuit breaker. Furthermore, the circuit breaker in this embodiment may be mechanical, hybrid, or semiconductor type.

[0012] Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of a power supply system according to this embodiment. The power supply system 1 consists of multiple power sources, loads, etc., which are connected to each other by a power supply network. The power sources, loads, etc. include, for example, a first electric vehicle 101, a second electric vehicle 102, a first solar power generation facility 103, a wind power generation facility 104, a second solar power generation facility 105, a first building 106, a second building 107, a train 108, a first data center 109, a second data center 110, and a charging facility 111.

[0013] Circuit breakers are installed at the branching points of the power supply network. For example, a two-way circuit breaker 901 is a circuit breaker that branches in two directions. Similarly, a three-way circuit breaker 902 that branches in three directions, a four-way circuit breaker 903 that branches in four directions, a five-way circuit breaker 904 that branches in five directions, and a six-way circuit breaker 905 that branches in six directions are installed at each branching point of the power supply network.

[0014] When connecting consumers and other users via outdoor power distribution (such as bus, loop, or mesh power networks), placing circuit breakers at branching points allows for the rapid and proactive disconnection of fault points in the event of an accident.

[0015] Figure 2 shows a circuit diagram of a bidirectional circuit breaker. The bidirectional circuit breaker 901 includes one interruption unit 10. The interruption unit 10 is connected between A and B. The interruption unit 10 can interrupt current in two directions: from A to B and from B to A.

[0016] Figure 3 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker that branches in three directions. The three-way circuit breaker 902 includes three interruption units 10. Each interruption unit 10 is connected between A and B, between B and C, and between A and C, respectively. Each interruption unit 10 can interrupt bidirectional current between the two points to which it is connected. Thus, the three-way circuit breaker 902 can interrupt current in all combinations of directions involving the three points A, B, and C.

[0017] Figure 4 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker that branches in four directions. The four-way circuit breaker 903 includes six interruption units 10. Each interruption unit 10 is connected between A and B, A and C, A and D, B and C, B and D, and C and D, respectively. Each interruption unit 10 can interrupt bidirectional current between the two points to which it is connected. Thus, the four-way circuit breaker 903 can interrupt current in all combinations of directions involving the four points A, B, C, and D.

[0018] Hereinafter, we will describe specific examples of this embodiment, from Example 1 to Example 3.

[0019] (Example 1) In this embodiment, a circuit breaker capable of interrupting in two directions is combined with an external housing having multiple slots to enable expansion of the circuit breaker. Specifically, an example is described in which multi-directional branching, such as in three or four directions, is possible by changing the position of the slot into which the circuit breaker unit is inserted.

[0020] Figure 5 shows an example of the external appearance of a circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The housing 20 is designed to accommodate multiple (for example, six in the example of Figure 5) circuit breaker units 10. Each circuit breaker unit 10 inserted into a slot is connected to different points. For example, the circuit breaker unit 10 inserted into the first slot is connected between connector A and connector B, and the circuit breaker unit 10 inserted into the second slot is connected between connector A and connector C.

[0021] Figure 6 is a first diagram showing an example of the internal wiring of a circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The housing 20 shown in Figure 5 has six slots 30 into which six circuit breaker units 10 can be inserted. Each circuit breaker unit 10 inserted into each slot 30 is pre-wired to be connected between different points.

[0022] For example, a circuit including the first slot 30 functions as a two-way circuit 801. A circuit breaker including the interruption unit 10 and housing 20 inserted in the first slot 30 functions as a two-way circuit breaker 901.

[0023] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, the first to third slots 30 functions as a three-way circuit 802. A circuit breaker including the interruption unit 10 and housing 20 inserted into the three slots 30 from the first to the third functions as a three-way circuit breaker 902.

[0024] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, slots 30 from the 1st to the 6th functions as a four-way circuit 803. A circuit breaker including the interruption units 10 and housing 20 inserted into the six slots 30 from the 1st to the 6th functions as a four-way circuit breaker 903.

[0025] Figure 7 shows an example of a conventional circuit breaker unit. A commonly used circuit breaker unit 40 has four connectors 11 and one internal circuit 12.

[0026] Figure 8 shows an example of the internal circuit of a conventional interruption unit. The internal circuit 12 includes, for example, a switch 121, a capacitor 122, and a diode 123. The capacitor 122 functions to suppress voltage fluctuations when the circuit is interrupted for a short time. The diode 123 functions to suppress overvoltage when the circuit is interrupted for a long time. Such an internal circuit 12 can interrupt only unidirectional current.

[0027] Figure 9 shows an example of a circuit breaker unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The circuit breaker unit 10 according to this embodiment includes four connectors 11 and two internal circuits 12. The internal circuits 12 may be the circuits shown in Figure 8. The internal circuits 12 are connected in series in reverse direction. As a result, the circuit breaker unit 10 can interrupt current in two directions (bidirectional).

[0028] By combining the aforementioned circuit breaker unit 10 and housing 20, a circuit breaker that branches in multiple directions is constructed. Although a circuit breaker with four or fewer directions has been described, a circuit breaker that can be similarly extended to five or more directions can be constructed.

[0029] Figure 10 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker that branches in five directions. The five-way circuit breaker 904 includes 10 interruption units 10. Each interruption unit 10 is connected between A and B, AC and C, AD and AD, AE and E, BC and B and C, BD and E, BE and B, CD and C, CE and D, and DE, respectively. Each interruption unit 10 can interrupt bidirectional current between two connected points. Thus, the five-way circuit breaker 904 can interrupt current in all combinations of directions relating to the five points A, B, C, D and E.

[0030] Figure 11 shows the circuit of a circuit breaker that branches in six directions. The six-way circuit breaker 905 includes 15 interruption units 10. Each interruption unit 10 is connected to the following points, respectively: A and B, A and C, A and D, A and E, A and F, B and C, B and D, B and E, B and F, C and D, C and E, C and F, D and E, D and F, and E and F. Each interruption unit 10 can interrupt bidirectional current between the two points to which it is connected. Thus, the six-way circuit breaker 905 can interrupt current in all combinations of directions relating to the six points A, B, C, D, E and F.

[0031] Figure 12 is a second diagram showing an example of the internal wiring of the enclosure of a circuit breaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The enclosure 20 has 15 slots 30 into which 15 circuit breaker units 10 can be inserted. Each circuit breaker unit 10 inserted into each slot 30 is pre-wired to be connected between different points.

[0032] For example, a circuit including the first slot 30 functions as a two-way circuit 801. A circuit breaker including the interruption unit 10 and housing 20 inserted in the first slot 30 functions as a two-way circuit breaker 901.

[0033] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, the first to third slots 30 functions as a three-way circuit 802. A circuit breaker including the interruption unit 10 and housing 20 inserted into the three slots 30 from the first to the third functions as a three-way circuit breaker 902.

[0034] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, slots 30 from the 1st to the 6th functions as a four-way circuit 803. A circuit breaker including the interruption units 10 and housing 20 inserted into the six slots 30 from the 1st to the 6th functions as a four-way circuit breaker 903.

[0035] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, slots 30 from the 1st to the 10th functions as a five-way circuit 804. A circuit breaker including a breaking unit 10 and a housing 20 inserted into ten slots 30 from the 1st to the 10th functions as a five-way circuit breaker 904.

[0036] Furthermore, a circuit including, for example, slots 30 from the 1st to the 15th functions as a six-way circuit 805. A circuit breaker including a breaking unit 10 and a housing 20 inserted into fifteen slots 30 from the 1st to the 15th functions as a six-way circuit breaker 905.

[0037] Figure 13 shows the external appearance of a circuit breaker housing according to a modification of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The housing 21 shown in Figure 13 includes six slots 30 for realizing a four-way circuit breaker 903, and further includes a seventh slot for inserting a capacitor box and an eighth slot for inserting a fan. The capacitor box may be, for example, a capacitor to suppress arcing during interruption, a transient voltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, etc. The fan may be a cooler to cool the heat generated due to conduction loss at the DC interruption contacts.

[0038] Furthermore, the enclosure 21 has four AD connectors facing outwards. Each connector is connected to various power supplies, loads, etc., in the power supply network.

[0039] According to the housing 20 (or housing 21) and circuit breaker unit 10 of this embodiment, the configuration of a circuit breaker that branches in multiple directions can be simplified by combining a circuit breaker unit 10 capable of breaking in two directions with an external housing 20 having multiple slots. For example, since a circuit breaker that branches in multiple directions can be configured with one type of circuit breaker unit 10, the circuit breaker unit 10 can be mass-produced.

[0040] In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the circuit is incorporated into the housing 20 (or housing 21), but some or all of the circuit may be incorporated into the circuit breaker unit 10.

[0041] Furthermore, although an example of a bidirectional current interruption unit 10 has been shown, a unidirectional current interruption unit may also be used.

[0042] According to the circuit breaker of this embodiment, in a microgrid capable of supplying AC, DC, or both types of power, one type (or a few types) of slot-type circuit breakers can be used to configure multi-directional branching points such as two-way, three-way, four-way, five-way, or six-way.

[0043] By controlling the ON / OFF state of the circuit breaker in this embodiment for each port, power routing is also possible.

[0044] (Example 2) In this embodiment, a control method is described for setting the amount of OCP (Over Current Protection) current in a circuit breaker so that a power supply system including a multi-directional branching point as shown in Figure 1 can secure a power supply path by locking one-to-one or n-to-n power supply paths for a certain period of time to ensure safety, and so that it does not intersect with other power supply paths while power is being supplied, and so that it can perform protective coordination when a power supply path branches while power is being supplied.

[0045] For comparison, we will describe the control in a conventional bidirectional power supply system.

[0046] Figure 14 shows an example of a conventional bidirectional power supply system. The power supply system 920, which supplies power bidirectionally between base A and base B, is equipped with a power supply converter at each base. Base A is an example of a base building such as a communications building. Base B is, for example, an evacuation center.

[0047] Each converter communicates with the others (handshakes) before exchanging power. This allows for one-to-one bidirectional power exchange between locations. Note that there may not be circuit breakers at the connection points between locations.

[0048] Figure 15 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the handshake flow in a conventional bidirectional power supply system. The converter located at site A is designated as the first converter 931, and the converter located at site B is designated as the second converter 932.

[0049] Assume that the first converter 931 is transmitting power (transmission mode) and the second converter 932 is receiving power (receiving mode). Let this state be called state α. Also, let the state in which the first converter 931 is receiving power (receiving mode) and the second converter 932 is transmitting power (transmission mode) be called state β.

[0050] Figure 15 shows the transition flow from state α to state β. The first converter 931 stops transmitting power (step S101). Next, the first converter 931 notifies the second converter 932 of the stop (step S102).

[0051] When the second converter 932 receives notification of a shutdown, it notifies the first converter 931 of the start of power transmission (step S103). When the first converter 931 receives notification of the start of power transmission, it changes its operating mode to power receiving mode (step S104).

[0052] Next, the first converter 931 notifies the second converter 932 of the change in operating mode (step S105). Upon receiving notification of the change in operating mode, the second converter 932 changes its operating mode to the power transmission mode (step S106). Through these steps, the transition from state α to state β is completed.

[0053] Next, the control procedure for the circuit breaker and converter according to this embodiment will be described.

[0054] Figure 16 shows the configuration of a power supply system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Each location is equipped with a converter and a control device for controlling the circuit breakers located in the power supply network. Location A is equipped with a converter 50, a control device 60, and an insulation monitoring device 70.

[0055] The control device 60 comprises a control unit 61, a storage unit 62, a determination unit 63, a monitoring unit 64, a display unit 65, and a communication unit 66. The control unit 61 controls the converter 50 and the circuit breaker 22. The storage unit 62 stores information such as thresholds necessary for control.

[0056] The determination unit 63 performs determination processing to determine the operating mode of each converter, the power supply path, etc. The monitoring unit 64 monitors the operating mode of power supply by the converter 50 based on detection results from an ammeter, voltmeter, etc. The display unit 65 displays the control content. The communication unit 66 communicates with the database 80 and the control device 60 (located at another site (site B, etc.)).

[0057] Database 80 stores trained models and other data generated through analysis, learning, etc. Database 80 can be centralized or distributed.

[0058] Next, the operation of the control device 60 will be described.

[0059] Figure 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the control process flow according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0060] The control device 60 acquires basic data (step S201). The basic data may include, for example, GB operating time, X capacitor capacitance, cable impedance, fuse blowing characteristics, power network configuration, slot-type circuit breaker information, and currently locked route information.

[0061] Next, the control device 60 acquires control data (step S202). The control data may include specifications of the power transmission converter, specifications of the power reception converter, PV power, SoC of the storage battery, load capacity, weather information, weather forecast information, etc. The control device 60 may also accept input of control data.

[0062] Next, the determination unit 63 determines the operating mode of each converter (step S203). Specifically, when the converter 50 at site A is supplying power to site B, the determination unit 63 controls the converter 50 at site B to be in receiving mode and prevents it from being in power supply mode. At this point, the monitoring unit 64 detects that power is being supplied using control signals, detectors, etc.

[0063] Similarly, the determination unit 63 controls the converter 50 at base A to be in power receiving mode and not in power transmission mode when the converter at base B is supplying power to base A.

[0064] Next, the determination unit 63 determines the power supply path (step S204). Details of the method for determining the power supply path will be described later.

[0065] Next, the communication unit 66 communicates with the control devices (step S205). When changing the operating mode as described above, the control device 60 may perform the handshake procedure shown in Figure 15. Then, the control unit 61 sends control signals to the converter 50 and the circuit breaker 22, respectively (step S206).

[0066] Next, the control unit 61 locks the power supply path and sets up protection coordination (step S207). The method for locking the power supply path and setting up protection coordination will be described later.

[0067] The control unit 61 transmits control signals to the converter 50 and the circuit breaker 22 respectively, according to the settings (step S208). When a certain period of time has elapsed or an emergency stop signal has been pressed, the control unit 61 unlocks the power supply path and resets the protection coordination (step S209).

[0068] Next, we will explain how to determine the power supply path in step S204 of Figure 17 mentioned above.

[0069] Figure 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the power supply path determination process according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0070] The determination unit 63 selects the shortest route among the available power supply routes connecting the bases (step S301). Next, the determination unit 63 selects the second shortest route among the available power supply routes connecting the bases (step S302).

[0071] Figure 18 shows an example of a one-to-one power supply configuration, but the determination unit 63 may also set a current threshold for n-to-n power supplies and perform a similar interlock. In the case of n-to-n, in addition to interlocks based on the power transmission mode and power reception mode, the condition for interlocking may also be that the sum of the transmitted power and the sum of the received power (+ transmission losses) are equal.

[0072] Figure 19 is a first diagram illustrating the method for determining the power supply path according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 19 shows how to determine the power supply path in the case of a one-to-one power supply. The determination unit 63 determines the shortest path and the second shortest path in the case of a one-to-one power supply. By determining multiple power supply paths, the impedance of the power supply path can be reduced, and wiring losses can be reduced.

[0074] Figure 20 is a second diagram illustrating the method for determining the power supply path according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 20 shows how to determine the power supply route in the case of a 1:2 power supply. In the case of a 1:2 power supply, the determination unit 63 determines the route to supply power from, for example, the second building 107 to the first electric vehicle 101 (route 1) and the second electric vehicle 102 (route 2). Because there is a branch in the power supply line, it is necessary to limit the maximum current before and after the branch at the branching point for protective coordination.

[0076] Next, we will explain how to set up the power supply path lock and protection coordination in step S207 of Figure 17 mentioned above.

[0077] Figure 21 is a diagram illustrating a method for setting up lock and protection coordination for a power supply path according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0078] The control unit 61 turns ON all circuit breakers 22 installed in the power supply path connecting the power transmission mode converter 50 and the power reception mode converter 50. The control unit 61 also locks OFF all circuit breakers 22 installed in paths that intersect with the power supply path (interlock). The control unit 61 also recognizes that the other circuit breakers 22 can be used on other routes. In this way, the control unit 61 locks the power supply path.

[0079] Furthermore, the control unit 61 sets the OCP of the circuit breaker 22 according to the number of branching paths, similar to fuses and circuit breakers. In this way, the control unit 61 performs the protection coordination setting. This eliminates the need for the cost and time required to construct new routes.

[0080] The control device 60 can be implemented, for example, by having a computer execute a program that describes the processing content described in this embodiment. This "computer" may be a physical machine or a virtual machine on the cloud. When a virtual machine is used, the "hardware" described here is virtual hardware.

[0081] The above program can be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium (such as portable memory), saved, and distributed. It can also be provided via a network, such as the internet or email.

[0082] Figure 22 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the computer described above. The computer in Figure 22 has a drive device 1000, an auxiliary storage device 1002, a memory device 1003, a CPU 1004, an interface device 1005, a display device 1006, an input device 1007, an output device 1008, etc., all of which are interconnected by bus B.

[0083] The program that enables processing on the computer is provided, for example, on a recording medium 1001 such as a CD-ROM or memory card. When the recording medium 1001 containing the program is set in the drive device 1000, the program is installed from the recording medium 1001 to the auxiliary storage device 1002 via the drive device 1000. However, the program does not necessarily have to be installed from the recording medium 1001; it may also be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device 1002 stores the installed program as well as necessary files and data.

[0084] The memory device 1003 reads and stores a program from the auxiliary storage device 1002 when a program startup command is received. The CPU 1004 implements the functions related to the memory device 1003 according to the program stored in the memory device 1003. The interface device 1005 is used as an interface for connecting to a network. The display device 1006 displays a GUI (Graphical User Interface) etc., run by a program. The input device 1007 consists of a keyboard and mouse, buttons, or a touch panel etc., and is used to input various operation commands. The output device 1008 outputs the calculation results. Note that the above computer may have a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) or TPU (Tensor Processing Unit) instead of a CPU 1004, or it may have a GPU or TPU in addition to a CPU 1004. In that case, for example, the GPU or TPU may execute processing that requires special calculations, and the CPU 1004 may execute other processing, thus dividing the processing.

[0085] In this embodiment, the control device 60 implements interlock and protection coordination functions by setting lock and protection coordination for the power supply path. For a certain period of time, the interlock effectively isolates the cables (routes) related to power supply and power reception from other power supply routes, creating an independent and safe route. Furthermore, no physical expansion or renovation is required to change the route.

[0086] Furthermore, when power is exchanged bidirectionally using converters, even if a short circuit occurs through a large resistor in the outdoor wiring, not all converters will simultaneously enter a power-transmission state, making it possible to detect the fault.

[0087] This improves the safety of power supply paths in power supply systems that can handle complex networks.

[0088] (Example 3) In this embodiment, we will describe an example of achieving integration of branch circuit breakers.

[0089] Figure 23 is a diagram illustrating a conventional interruption circuit. The internal circuit 12 includes a switch 121 and sections A and B. Section A in Figure 23 uses a capacitor or the like to suppress voltage fluctuations when the circuit is interrupted for a short time. Section B in Figure 23 uses a capacitor, diode or the like to suppress overvoltage when the circuit is interrupted for a long time.

[0090] Figure 24 is a diagram illustrating a conventional branch circuit. Conventionally, branching was achieved by arranging the circuits shown in Figure 23, as shown in internal circuits 12-1 to 12-3 of Figure 24. In other words, conventionally, branch circuits were not considered as an integrated device.

[0091] Figure 25 shows an example of a branch circuit breaker according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in Embodiment 2, by controlling the operation of each circuit breaker in a coordinated manner, the connection points of each circuit breaker eliminate the need for connections to load equipment, and capacitors, diodes, etc., become unnecessary. Therefore, these are removed to create an integrated configuration (system).

[0092] Figure 26 shows an example of a circuit breaker housing according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The housing 23 has a capacitor box in the seventh slot. This slot may be replaced according to the conditions (rated current, voltage suppression level, etc.). Alternatively, capacitors that are prone to deterioration may be slotted and replaced.

[0093] Figure 27 shows an example of a circuit breaker circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in the example of the wiring diagram in Figure 27, the branch circuit breaker circuit shown in Figure 25 can be realized by mounting a capacitor 90 on the output side of each port.

[0094] In this embodiment, capacitors, diodes, etc., on the connection point side of each circuit breaker are eliminated to create an integrated configuration. This reduces the cost of the circuit breakers and enables miniaturization. Therefore, it is possible to integrate branch circuit breaker circuits that can handle complex networks.

[0095] (Summary of the embodiments) This specification includes circuit breakers and tripping methods as described in at least the following sections. (Section 1) A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, The housing includes a plurality of slots into which the interruption unit is inserted, and circuits pre-wired to connect to different points depending on the slot into which the interruption unit is inserted. Circuit breaker. (Section 2) The interruption unit has a circuit for interrupting a unidirectional current connected in reverse in series. The circuit breaker described in paragraph 1. (Section 3) The housing includes six slots into which the interruption unit is inserted, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to four different points depending on the slot into which the interruption unit is inserted. The circuit breaker described in paragraph 1 or 2. (Section 4) The housing includes 10 or more slots for inserting the interruption unit, and circuits pre-wired to connect to 5 or more different points depending on the slot into which the interruption unit is inserted. The circuit breaker described in paragraph 1 or 2. (Section 5) A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, A circuit breaker comprising a housing including a plurality of slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and circuits pre-wired to connect to different points according to the slots into which the interruption units are inserted, thereby interrupting multidirectional currents. Method of blocking.

[0096] Although this embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention as described in the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0097] 1. Power supply system 10 Interruption Units 11 Connectors 12 Internal circuit 20,21 cabinet 22 Circuit breakers 30 slots 40 Interruption Units 50 Converter 60 Control device 61 Control Unit 62 Memory section 63 Judgment section 64 Monitoring Department 65 Display section 66 Communications Department 70 Insulation monitoring device 80 Databases 101 First Electric Vehicle 102 Second Electric Vehicle 103 First Solar Power Generation Facility 104 Wind power generation facilities 105 Second Solar Power Generation Facility 106 Daiichi Building 107 Second Building 108 Train 109 First Data Center 110 Second Data Center 111 Charging equipment 121 switches 122 Capacitors 123 Diode 901 Two-way circuit breaker 902 Three-way circuit breaker 903 Four-way circuit breaker 904 Five-way circuit breaker 905 Six-way circuit breaker 1000 drive unit 1001 Recording media 1002 Auxiliary storage device 1003 Memory device 1004 CPU 1005 Interface device 1006 Display device 1007 Input device 1008 Output device

Claims

1. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, The housing includes a plurality of slots for inserting the said blocking unit, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to different connectors depending on the slot into which the blocking unit is inserted. Each connector is connected to the power supply network. Circuit breaker.

2. The interruption unit has a circuit for interrupting a unidirectional current connected in reverse in series. The circuit breaker according to claim 1.

3. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, The housing includes six slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to four different points depending on the slot into which the interruption unit is inserted. Circuit breaker.

4. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, The housing includes ten or more slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to five or more different points depending on the slot into which the interruption units are inserted. Circuit breaker.

5. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, The housing includes a plurality of slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and circuits pre-wired to connect to different connectors depending on the slot into which the interruption units are inserted, and each connector is connected to a power supply network, interrupting multidirectional current by a circuit breaker. Method of blocking.

6. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, A circuit breaker comprising a housing including six slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to four different points depending on the slot into which the interruption units are inserted, thereby interrupting multidirectional current. Method of blocking.

7. A break-off unit for interrupting current in two directions, A circuit breaker comprising a housing including 10 or more slots into which the aforementioned interruption units are inserted, and a circuit pre-wired to connect to five or more different points according to the slots into which the interruption units are inserted, thereby interrupting multidirectional current. Method of blocking.

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