Positioning enhancement for pre-coded signals using dynamic context information

Abstract

An apparatus for determining a position of an entity of a wireless communication network comprises a position determination processor for determining a position of a first entity in the wireless communication network using one or more position measurements between a first entity (gNB, UE, IoT) and one or more second entities (gNB, UE, IoT), each of the first and second entities comprising one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals for the position measurements. The position determination processor is to determine the position of the first entity using transmit reception reference points (TRRPs) of the radio signals at the one or more antennas of the first entity and / or the one or more second entities.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication systems or networks, and more particularly to the location of user devices such as mobile terminals in such networks. Embodiments relate to positioning enhancement for pre-coded signals with dynamic contextual information. [Background technology]

[0002] Figure 1 shows the core network 102 and one or more wireless access networks RAN1, RAN2, ... RAN, as shown in Figure 1(a). N Figure 1(b) is a schematic diagram of an example of a terrestrial wireless network 100, including a radio access network RAN, with one or more base stations gNB1 to gNB5 each serving a unique area surrounding a base station schematically represented by cells 1061 to 1065. n This is a schematic diagram of an example. Base stations are provided to serve users within a cell. One or more base stations serve users on licensed and / or unlicensed bands. The term base station (BS) refers to gNB in ​​5G networks, eNB in ​​UMTS / LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A Pro, or simply BS in other mobile communication standards. Users are fixed or mobile devices. Wireless communication systems are further accessed by mobile or fixed IoT devices connected to base stations or users. Mobile or IoT devices include physical devices, ground vehicles (such as robots or cars), aircraft (such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also called manned aircraft or drones), buildings and other items or devices (incorporating electronics, software, sensors, actuators, or the like, and network connectivity that enables these devices to collect and exchange data across the existing network infrastructure). Figure 1(b) shows an exemplary diagram of five cells, but RAN n It contains almost all cells like this, RAN nFurthermore, it includes only one base station. Figure 1(b) shows two user UE1 and UE2, also called user equipment (UEs), located in cell 1062 and served by base station gNB2. Another user UE3 is shown in cell 1064, served by base station gNB4. Arrows 1081, 1082, and 108 aThis schematically represents the uplink / downlink connections for transmitting data from users UE1, UE2, and UE3 to base stations gNB2 and gNB4, or from base stations gNB2 and gNB4 to users UE1, UE2, and UE3. This is implemented in licensed or unlicensed band. Furthermore, Figure 1(b) shows two IoT devices 1101 and 1102 within cell 1064, where IoT devices are fixed or mobile devices. IoT device 1101 accesses the wireless communication system via base station gNB4 to receive and transmit data, as schematically represented by arrow 1121. IoT device 1102 accesses the wireless communication system via user UE3, as schematically represented by arrow 1122. Each base station gNB1 through gNB5 connects to the core network 102, for example via the S1 interface, via their respective backhaul links 1141 through 1145, schematically represented in Figure 1(b) by arrows pointing to the “core”. The core network 102 is connected to one or more external networks. These external networks are the internet, or private networks such as an intranet or any other type of on-premises network, such as a private WiFi or 4G or 5G mobile communication system. Furthermore, some or all of the base stations gNB1 to gNB5 are connected to each other via their respective backhaul links 1161 to 1165, schematically represented in Figure 1(b) by arrows pointing to “gNB”, for example, via the S1 or X2 interface, or the XN interface in NR. Sidelink channels enable direct communication between UEs, also known as device-to-device (D2D) communication. In 3GPP®, the sidelink interface is designated PC5.

[0003] A physical resource grid is used for data transmission. The physical resource grid comprises a set of resource elements to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. For example, the physical channels include physical downlink, uplink, and sidelink shared channels (PDSCH, PUSCH, PSSCH) that carry user-specific data, also known as downlink, uplink, and sidelink payload data; physical broadcast channels (PBCH) that carry one or more of the following: master information blocks (MIB), system information blocks (SIB), and one or more sidelink information blocks (SLIB); physical downlink, uplink, and sidelink control channels (PDCCH, PUCCH, PSSCH) that carry, if supported, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), and sidelink control information (SCI); and a physical sidelink feedback channel PSFCH that carries PC5 feedback responses. Note that the sidelink interface supports two-stage SCI. This refers to a first control region containing some parts of the SCI, and optionally a second control region containing a second part of the control information.

[0004] Regarding uplinks, the physical channel further includes a physical random access channel (PRACH or RACH) used by the UE to access the network once the UE has synchronized and acquired the MIB and SIB. The physical signals include a reference signal or symbol (RS), a synchronization signal, and similar signals. The resource grid includes a frame or radio frame having a specific duration in the time domain and a given bandwidth in the frequency domain. A frame has a specific number of subframes of a given length, such as 1 ms. Each subframe contains one or more slots of 12 or 14 OFDM symbols, depending on the length of the cyclic prefix (CP). A frame may further contain fewer OFDM symbols, for example, when utilizing a shortened transmit time interval (sTTI) or a mini-slot / non-slot-based frame structure that includes very few OFDM symbols.

[0005] Wireless communication systems are any single-tone or multi-carrier systems using frequency division multiplexing, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA), or any other IFFT-based signal with or without CP, such as DFT-s-OFDM. Other waveforms are used, such as non-orthogonal waveforms for multiplexing access, such as filtered bank multicarrier (FBMC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), or universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC). Wireless communication systems operate according to standards such as LTE Advanced Pro, 5G or NR (New Radio) standards, or NR-U (New Radio Unlicensed) standards.

[0006] The wireless network or communication system depicted in Figure 1 is a heterogeneous network having a separate overlay network, such as a network of macrocells, each containing macrobase stations like base stations gNB1 to gNB5, and a network of smaller cell base stations, such as femto or pico base stations, which are not shown in Figure 1. In addition to the terrestrial wireless networks described above, there are also non-terrestrial wireless communication networks (NTNs) that include transceivers carried in space, such as satellites, and / or transceivers in flight, such as unmanned aerial vehicle systems. Non-terrestrial wireless communication networks or systems operate similarly to the terrestrial systems described above, with reference to Figure 1, for example, according to the LTE Advanced Pro standard, or 5G or NR (New Radio) standard.

[0007] In mobile communication networks, such as LTE or 5G / NR networks, as described above with reference to Figure 1, there are UEs that communicate directly with each other via one or more sidelink (SL) channels, for example, using the PC5 / PC3 interface or WiFi Direct. UEs that communicate directly with each other via sidelinks include vehicles that communicate directly with other vehicles (V2V communication), such as roadside units (RSUs), or vehicles that communicate with other entities in the wireless communication network, such as roadside entities like traffic lights, traffic signs, or pedestrians (V2X communication). An RSU may have the functionality of a BS or UE depending on its specific network configuration. Other UEs are not vehicle-related UEs and comprise any of the devices described above. Such devices further communicate directly with each other using SL channels (D2D communication).

[0008] In wireless communication networks, such as those depicted in Figure 1, it is sometimes desirable to locate UEs with a certain degree of accuracy, for example, determining the location of an UE within a cell. Several positioning approaches are known, such as satellite-based positioning approaches like autonomous and assisted global navigation satellite systems (A-GNSS) such as GPS, and mobile wireless cellular positioning approaches such as time-to-arrival-of-observation (OTDOA) and enhanced cell ID (E-CID), or a combination thereof.

[0009] The information in the above section is intended solely to enhance understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore, it should be noted that the information includes information that does not constitute prior art already known to those skilled in the art. [Overview of the project]

[0010] Based on the above, there is a need for improvement or enhancement in the localization of entities such as user devices in wireless communication systems or networks.

[0011] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of an example of a terrestrial wireless network. [Figure 2] This figure shows the network entities involved in calculating the location of the UE. [Figure 3] This figure shows a simple example of an antenna array with two antennas and a spatial filter. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system for implementing embodiments of the present invention, including a transmitter such as a base station and one or more receivers such as user devices (UEs). [Figure 5] This is a diagram illustrating an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure illustrates an apparatus according to a further embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows an embodiment of an ASN1 snippet for signaling TRRP computing capabilities to a location server in a wireless communication network. [Figure 8] This figure shows the trrpReportingCapability, an information element (IE) for signaling TRRP computing capability, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure illustrates an embodiment of the ASN1 syntax for requesting UE capabilities via Location Management Function (LMF). [Figure 10] This figure shows an information element (IE) CommonlEsRequestCapabilities, which includes the field trrpReportingEnabled-rxy for requesting TRRP reporting capability, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] This figure shows an embodiment for requesting the capabilities of the DL-TDOA positioning method. [Figure 12] This diagram illustrates an embodiment of an information element (IE) that enables the UE to signal its capabilities to a location server such as LMF. [Figure 13] This figure shows an embodiment of the information element (IE) trrpReportingEnabled for NR-DL-TDOA. [Figure 14] This diagram illustrates the concepts of accuracy, precision, and trueness. [Figure 15] This figure shows an existing information element (IE) NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideLocationInformation extended by adding TRRP information according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] This figure shows an example of a computer system in which a unit or module and steps of the method described in accordance with the approach of the present invention can be performed. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar elements are assigned the same reference numerals.

[0014] In a wireless communication system or network such as that described above with reference to FIG. 1, a geometry-based positioning approach such as the OTDOA approach or the E-CID approach is used to determine the position of a network entity such as a user device using a reference signal. [3GPP (Registered Trademark) 19-38214] describes a spatially filtered reference signal, and in Section 5.1.6.5, "PRS reception procedure", it is stated that "each DL PRS resource set consists of K≧1 DL PRS resources each having an associated spatial transmission filter". For the uplink, in Section 6.2.1.4, "UE sounding procedure for positioning", it is stated that "if the UE is not configured with the higher layer parameter spatialRelationlnfo, the UE uses a fixed spatial domain transmission filter for the transmission of SRS configured by the higher layer parameter [SRS-for-positioning] over a plurality of SRS resources, or the UE uses different spatial domain transmission filters over a plurality of SRS resources".

[0015] To determine the location of network entities, for example, for a stand-alone (SA) new radio (NR) Release 16-based radio access network (RAN), the new radio positioning protocol (NRPPa) (see [3GPP™ 19-38455]) or the long term evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) (see [3GPP™ 19-37355]) is used. The purpose of the NRPPa procedure is to carry NRPPa signaling between a next generation RAN (NG-RAN) node and a location management function (LMF) (as defined in [3GPP™ 19-38455]) via the NG interface (as defined in [3GPP™ 19-38455]). The procedure uses UE-related signaling or non-UE-related signaling. UE-related signaling is used to support E-CID positioning of a specific UE. Non-UE-related signaling is used to obtain auxiliary data from the NG-RAN node to support OTDOA positioning for any UE (see [3GPP™ 19-37355]). According to NRPPa, as described in [3GPP™ 19-38455], the following location information is exchanged for location estimation at the location server. · E-CID: Regarding section 9.2.10, "NG-RAN access point location", where the access point location format is described, the NG-RAN access point location is included ("the estimated geographical location of the cell's antenna configuration"). · OTDOA: Further regarding section 9.2.10, "NG-RAN access point location", where the access point location format is described, the NG_RAN access point location is included ("the estimated geographical location of the cell / TP's antenna configuration").

[0016] Figure 2 shows the network entities involved in calculating the location of a UE, such as UE1, and the interfaces between them and other network entities. Figure 2 shows a wireless communication network, such as the one described with reference to Figure 1, including the core network and the RAN implementing the Cloud RAN (C-RAN). Figure 2 shows the entities involved in the process of determining the location or position of UE1. The core network 102 includes a Location Management Function (LMF) and an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) that communicate using Network Layer Signaling Protocols (NLs). The C-RAN includes distributed units gNB-DU1, gNBDU2, and gNB-DU3, which are connected via F1 interfaces to their respective central units s-gNB and n-gNB, and the central units s-gNB and n-gNB are connected via XN interfaces. Furthermore, the central units s-gNB and n-gNB are connected to the AMF of the core network 102 via Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP). Each of the distributed units gNB-DU1, gNBDU2, and gNB-DU3 includes transmit / receive points TRP1, TRP2, and TRP3, for example, one or more antennas or antenna arrays. Each of the distributed units gNB-DU1, gNBDU2, and gNB-DU3 applies beamforming so that the associated transmit / receive points transmit / receive using beams oriented in a specific direction, such as beam 1, 2, or 3 of distributed unit gNB-DU1, beam 4, 5, or 6 of distributed unit gNBDU2, and beam 7, 8, or 9 of distributed unit gNB-DU3. In Figure 2, during the positioning process to determine the location of UE1, beams 1 through 9 are the respective receive beams at the distributed units or base stations for receiving SRS from UE1, and UE1 applies or uses different spatial domain transmit filters across multiple SRS resources to create one of beams A, B, and C for sending SRS.

[0017] Spatial filters are dynamically evolving and are not always limited to a specific set, for example, by the codebook, due to the possibility of using UE-specific spatial filters. Furthermore, 3GPP® designates three different categories of base stations (see, e.g., TS38.104 Rel.16, pages 24-26). • Type 1-C: Base station with separate antennas (similar to 4G base stations, and especially common to FR1) • Type 1-H: Base station with fully integrated antenna array • Types 1-0 and 2-0: Base stations with hybrid antenna arrays. For example, several antenna arrays are connected to a base station, but the signals are not measured separately for each antenna patch.

[0018] Currently, Types 1-0 and 2-0 define a radiated reference point on the antenna array as a radiated reference point or timing reference point for emitted radiation carrying an embedded positioning reference signal. For Type 1-C and Type 1-H base stations, the timing reference point for positioning RS is defined at the antenna connector and the Rx transceiver array boundary connector, respectively. Nevertheless, this introduces significant uncertainty arising from an unknown delay between the antenna port and the antenna where the radiation actually originates. Geometry-based positioning approaches, such as the OTDOA approach, traditionally use fixed reference points. For example, for frequency range 1 (FR1), the reference point for the downlink reference signal time difference (RSTD) is the antenna connector of the UE, and for FR2, the reference point for the downlink RSTD is the antenna of the UE (see [3GPP(registered trademark) 19-38215]). Nevertheless, measurement radio signals used for positioning, such as time of flight (TOF) or direction of arrival (DOA), relate to the transmit / receive reference point (TRRP) and not to the antenna connector location or antenna location. For highly accurate positioning or specific settings, the offset between the TRRP used for position calculation and the fixed reference point has a significant impact on the determined position.

[0019] For TRRP, Types 1-H, 1-O, and 2-O are referenced, which define a radiating reference point on the antenna array as a radiating reference point or timing reference point. For base stations of Type 1-C, the timing reference point for positioning RS is defined at the antenna connector. An advantage over Type 1-O is that the TRRP, which is highly relevant to the AAS system, is determined dynamically and is not fixed.

[0020] Figure 3 shows a simple example of an antenna array having two antennas and a spatial filter, indicated as a spatial receiving filter P. Referring to Figure 3, position errors resulting from the shift of the phase center reference point (TRRP) due to beamformer changes when using a reference point of a fixed base station (BS), as conventionally done for positioning, are illustrated. Figure 3 schematically shows a BS with two antennas ANT1 and ANT2, and a fixed reference point 200 for the position or location of the first antenna ANT1. Furthermore, the true phase centers 202 of the antenna arrays ANT1 and ANT2 are shown for different spatial receiving filters P. Figure 3(a) shows a scenario in which the spatial receiving filter P is only used to form a received lobe at the BS by the first antenna ANT1. In this case, when a measurement 204 is received from the UE, the fixed reference point 200 and the true phase center 202 coincide at the first antenna ANT1 so that no position error occurs, and the actual position of the UE is accurately determined. Nevertheless, when a spatial receiving filter P is selected such that a received lobe is formed at the BS by the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 (see Figure 3(b)), or by the second antenna ANT2 alone (see Figure 3(c)), the fixed reference point 200 and the true phase center 202 deviate from each other, resulting in a position error 206, which causes the actual position of the UE to be determined to be within the uncertainty area 208. In Figure 3, TOF and DOA measurements received at the BS are combined with a fixed BS reference point to determine the position of a mobile device (UE), such as the position of a smartphone held by the user. Changing the spatial receiving filter P changes the true phase center or TRRP 202, adding a systematic position error 206 to the estimated position. In a receiver or transmitter as shown in Figure 3, using a fixed reference point and a TRRP position different from the fixed reference point results in a systematic error similar to all geometry-based positioning methods.

[0021] Therefore, in conventional approaches, time-of-flight measurement is associated with an unknown uncertainty between the timing reference point 200 and the radiating reference point (TRRP) 202. When combined with beamforming across multiple dispersed antennas, this uncertainty changes dynamically over time depending on the precoding allocated at a given time. [3GPP® 19-22.261, 3GPP® 18-22.804] Positioning accuracy narrowed to less than 0.2m is conceivable. With large antenna arrays and possible large variations in TRRP, positional errors that occur when using a fixed reference point become significant, especially for accuracy in the centimeter range. Thus, rough estimations of reference point 200, for example by assuming an antenna connector instead of the applicable and actual phase center 202, are no longer sufficient for new use cases. Positioning in LTE aimed for horizontal positioning accuracy within a range of 50m (up to 3GPP® Releases 14 and 15) to meet regulatory requirements (location during emergency calls), but newer releases like Release 16 address commercial positioning use cases aiming for horizontal accuracy as narrowed to 3m. Release 17 raises the bar even higher, aiming for a performance target of horizontal accuracy as narrowed to 20cm (see [3GPP® 20-RP-193237]). For example, the physical dimensions of an antenna in frequency range 1 (FR1 < 6GHz) range from a few decimeters to a few meters, given by the number of antenna elements and the wavelength. In the general case, antenna elements are spaced at a distance of half the wavelength. At 2GHz, where half a wavelength is equal to 7.5cm, the one-dimensional physical size of an antenna with 8 elements in a row is 60cm. Taking the housing mechanism into account, the antenna connector is even further from the phase center than these 60cm.

[0022] The present invention addresses the above-mentioned problems relating to location discrepancies between reference points and TRRPs, bringing improvements and enhancements to the positioning process. Embodiments of the present invention are based on the finding that for measurements associated with positioning processes such as TOF or OTDOA measurements, the location and timing of radiation must be related to the true or actual center of radiation, referred to herein as TRRP. According to the approach of the present invention, in order to handle the static nature of the reference point's location, information about the TRRP is provided when the TRRP changes, for example, due to a change in the spatial filter, thereby improving the accuracy of the geolocation estimation. Embodiments address dynamically changing TRRP signaling and protocol aspects, which are not currently covered in the latest standards or literature, as well as how antenna reference points, i.e., the phase center of the antenna, used for timing and angle measurements, acquired for example for positioning procedures, may be handled within 3GPP® standards.

[0023] In a further embodiment, in addition to signaling the TRRP, so-called transmit and receive reference information (TRRI) is also signaled, the TRRI including transmit and receive delay (TRD) information in addition to the TRRP, the TRD including information about the signal delay between the TRRP and the actual processing unit in a device that processes the signal to be transmitted or received, such as the baseband unit of the transmitter and / or receiver.

[0024] The approach of the present invention is advantageous in situations where the required accuracy is within or below the range of the physical antenna size, and therefore the reference point must be correct so as not to significantly affect the positioning error. A further advantage is that it provides a prerequisite for precise positioning processes, such as precisely synchronized and organized branching operations in time-sensitive networks, and subsequently for other network functions. Yet another advantage is that the approach of the present invention adapts and handles the antenna reference point when an antenna, such as a (large) MIMO antenna, changes its spatial configuration.

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention ensure that, for positioning calculations, an antenna reference point / TRRP, such as a timing reference point or an angular reference point, is considered at least more accurately, not just as an approximate value, by assuming, for example, that the antenna connector is at this point. This is a prerequisite for enabling high-accuracy positioning, for example, to support centimeter and decimeter accuracy. Embodiments of the present invention's approach are applicable to all 3GPP® positioning methods based on timing, such as DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA, and multi-RTT; angular measurement, such as DL-AoD and UL-AoA; or both, such as E-CID. All these methods use antennas of a specific physical size and, in the case of most mobile networks, use antenna arrays that transmit / receive beamforming signals, also known as pre-coding or spatial filtering signals. Reducing positional errors to within a few centimeters is advantageous as it enables support for commercial use cases in industry, such as AGV guidance, augmented reality for workers related to the physical position of workers relative to machinery, or autonomous driving traffic supported by 3GPP®. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can be used for high-accuracy positioning, for example, as follows. • Within the factory, using a multi-anchor reference base station located in the factory, including multi-path reflection and the orientation in which the device is placed. Where appropriate, positioning for V2X to base stations and other vehicles, including vehicle orientation or predicted vehicle trajectory. • Extension to other mobile users, such as cyclists and pedestrians, including VRUs. • Positioning for UAVs and AVs (in flight) relative to base stations (including altitude), and relative positioning between UAVs (relative positioning within a swarm). • A swarm of satellites moving along known orbits • Handover between different TRPs and associated reference points may be used by measurement units, such as UEs. • Proximity detection between objects or devices within a set of fixed reference base stations, and positioning of objects or devices, such as the Corona app feature, which operates similarly across multiple MNOs. • Location detection of base stations after their deployment.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are implemented in a wireless communication system, such as the one depicted in Figure 1, which includes a base station and a user, such as a mobile terminal or IoT device. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system including a transmitter 300, such as a base station, and one or more receivers 302, 304, such as user devices (UEs). The transmitter 300 and receivers 302, 304 communicate via one or more wireless communication links or channels 306a, 306b, 308, such as a radio link. The transmitter 300 has one or more antennas ANT T Alternatively, it includes an antenna array having multiple antenna elements, a signal processor 300a and a transceiver 300b connected to each other. Receivers 302, 304 have one or more antennas ANT UE Alternatively, the system includes an antenna array having multiple antennas, interconnected signal processors 302a, 304a, and transceivers 302b, 304b. The base station 300 and UEs 302, 304 communicate via their respective first wireless communication links 306a and 306b, such as a radio link using a Uu interface, while UEs 302, 304 communicate with each other via a second wireless communication link 308, such as a radio link using a PC5 / sidelink (SL) interface. When a UE is not served by a base station, or is not connected to a base station, such as when a UE is not in an RRC connection state, or more generally, when an SL resource allocation configuration or auxiliary is not provided by the base station, the UEs communicate with each other via the sidelink (SL). The system or network in Figure 4, one or more UEs 302, 304 in Figure 4, and the base station 300 in Figure 4 operate in accordance with the teachings of the present invention described herein.

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described below.

[0028] Device According to the embodiment, a device for determining the location of an entity in a wireless communication network, the device is A location determination processor for determining the location of a first entity in a wireless communication network using one or more location measurements between the first entity and one or more second entities, wherein each of the first and second entities comprises one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals for location measurement. Equipped with, A device in which a position determination processor determines the position of a first entity using radio signal transmission and reception reference points (TRRPs) at one or more antennas of a first entity and / or one or more second entities.

[0029] According to the embodiment, the apparatus is • A core entity, such as a location management function, of the core of a wireless communication network, wherein the core entity will receive TRRP for a first entity and one or more second entities. For example, a first entity such as a wireless access network (RAN) entity or user device of a wireless communications network, the first entity will receive TRRP for one or more second entities, • For example, one or more second entities, such as a wireless access network (RAN) entity or user device of a wireless communications network, where one or more second entities will receive TRRP for the first entity. It is provided in one or more of the following.

[0030] According to the embodiment, the device for a wireless communication network is One or more antennas, one or more antennas which will transmit radio signals, Equipped with, The device will transmit the transmission or reception position (TRRP) of one or more antennas, which will be used in the positioning process.

[0031] According to the embodiment, the device for a wireless communication network is One or more antennas, one or more antennas that will receive radio signals from one or more radio access network (RAN) entities and / or user devices of a wireless communication network. Equipped with, The device will receive the transmit or receive position (TRRP) of radio signals transmitted by one or more antennas of each RAN entity and / or user device. One or more received TRRPs will be used in a location determination process performed at the device or at a network entity far from the device, and the location determination process will use the received TRRPs to determine the location of the device.

[0032] According to the embodiment, one or more antennas are • Multiple separate antennas, • One or more antenna arrays, such as a fully integrated antenna array, wherein each antenna array comprises multiple antenna elements. It comprises one or more of the following.

[0033] According to the embodiment, the TRRP of one or more antennas is a location or point where electromagnetic waves of a radio signal appear to be generated, such as the phase center or radiation reference point of one or more antennas.

[0034] According to the embodiment, TRRP is • Carrier frequency of wireless signals • When using spatial filters such as precoders or beamformers, the beam direction and / or power scaling on the antenna, • Antenna mode in the case of a multi-mode antenna, • Total output transmission power due to impedance changes It changes depending on one or more of the following parameters.

[0035] According to the embodiment, TRRP is • For example, absolute position, and / or coordinates expressed in Cartesian format, spherical format, or World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84). • Position relative to a predetermined reference point, such as an antenna connector or antenna position. It is shown as follows.

[0036] 9. According to one embodiment, the TRRP is associated with a specific signal or spatial filter, for example, in the case of codebook-based transmission, the TRRP is associated with one or more codewords from the codebook.

[0037] According to the embodiment, the device signals the device's ability to calculate TRRP for one or more antennas of the device.

[0038] According to the embodiment, the apparatus is • A specific event such as the device accessing a wireless communication network, or a deviation of the new TRRP from the current TRRP by a configured or pre-configured amount, and / or • Requests such as positioning requests In response, the capability of the device to calculate TRRP will be signaled.

[0039] According to the embodiment, The device is a user device such as an UE, and will use the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) to signal the device's ability to calculate TRRP to core entities such as location management functions in the core of the wireless communication network. • The device is a RAN entity such as a gNB and will signal the device's ability to calculate TRRP to core entities such as location management functions in the core of a wireless communication network using the New Radio Positioning Protocol (NRPPa), or • The device is a Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) entity such as gNB-CU or gNB-DU, ○ Using the Frequency 1 Application Protocol (F1 AP) interface, to another C-RAN entity such as gNB-CU or gNB-DU, and ○ Using the new wireless positioning protocol (NRPPa), core entities such as location management functions in the core of wireless communication networks This will signal the capabilities of the device that calculates TRRP.

[0040] According to the embodiment, the device signals TRRP with respect to a set of intrinsic or fixed operating conditions, such as a fixed operating frequency, like the center frequency of a given NR operating band; a fixed beam direction, like the aiming direction or the direction in which all beamforming weights are reset so as not to electronically scan beams away from the aiming direction; and a fixed polarization, like a single polarization such as vertical, horizontal, left circle, or right circle.

[0041] According to the embodiment, the device signals TRRPs related to the current operating conditions of the device, such as the current operating frequency, the current beam direction, and one or more of the current polarization.

[0042] According to the embodiment, the device signals the TRRP either as an absolute position or as a relative position to the TRRP obtained by a predetermined or reference set of operating conditions.

[0043] According to the embodiment, the device responds to a request, • relating to a set of specific or fixed operating conditions, or • Regarding the current operating conditions of the device TRRP will be signaled, and the operating conditions are: • Current operating frequency, • Current beam direction, • Current polarization Includes one or more of the following.

[0044] According to the embodiment, TRRP is • Explicitly or implicitly in control messages such as DCI of RAN entities, • TRRPs are held over the internet, for example, on over-the-top (OTT) channels connected to the database. Signaling occurs.

[0045] According to the embodiment, TRRP is • Databases associated with core entities such as Location Management Function (LMF) and / or Access and Mobility Function (AMF), • One or more fixed or mobile RAN entities, such as gNBs, reference TRPs, and relay nodes. • One or more user devices such as UE It is stored in one or more of these.

[0046] TRD Information According to one embodiment, the location determination processor further uses transmit and receive delay (TRD) information to determine the location of the first entity.

[0047] According to the embodiment, TRRP and TRD information are provided as transmission and reception reference information (TRRI).

[0048] According to the embodiment, the TRD information includes information about the signal delay between the TRRP and the baseband unit of the transceiver unit, and / or delay information about one or more of the transceiver unit (TXRU) delay, transceiver array boundary, wireless distributed network, and physical antenna array, for example, Tx / Rx TRRP • Tx / Rx antenna connector Tx / Rx antenna • Tx / Rx transceiver array boundary connector This includes information about the method by which the TRD information was determined, such as one or more of the following.

[0049] According to the embodiment, TRD information includes the measured loopback delay from the device's first transmit TRRP to the second receive TRRP, with each TRRP associated with a different antenna of the device. Measuring loopback delay is limited to TRRPs outside a specific range R, such as the near-field range.

[0050] According to the embodiment,

number

number

[0051] According to the embodiment, when performing loopback delay measurement from a first transmitting TRRP to a second receiving TRRP, the device is not expected to use a Tx-RX spatial filter pair to determine the loopback delay within range R.

[0052] According to the embodiment, TRD delay information reports the delay associated with spatial filters used for transmitting and / or receiving UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals used for a particular positioning method, such as SRS, PRS, CSI-RS, SSB, sidelink PRS, or any other reference signal used for positioning. The reported delay is selected based on one or more Tx spatial filters used to transmit one or more UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals, and / or one or more Rx spatial filters used to perform measurements on the UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals, such as RTOA, RSTD, UE Rx-Tx, gNB Rx-Tx, or any timing-related measurements.

[0053] According to the embodiment, In the case of DL and UL-based positioning methods such as multi-RTT or eCID, the UE is configured in a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay and the measurement gap to perform TRD measurements of the configured UL-PRS signal, and the TRP is configured in a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay. In the case of DL-based positioning methods such as DL-TDOA, the UE is configured in a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay, and in a measurement gap to perform TRD measurements of the configured UL-PRS signal. In UL-based positioning methods such as UL-TDOA, the TRP is configured in a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay.

[0054] According to the embodiment, the TRD is indicated explicitly, for example, by signaling an actual TRD associated with a specific reference signal (RS) or measurement, or implicitly, for example, by signaling a TRD indication.

[0055] According to the embodiment, in the case of an implicit TRD, the TRD is indicated using one or more TRD identifiers, each TRD identifier representing a TRD associated with a specific reference signal (RS) and / or a specific measurement.

[0056] According to the embodiment, two or more RS or measurement TRDs have the same TRD or have TRDs within a predetermined range of TRDs, and the TRDs are indicated using the same TRD identifier.

[0057] According to the embodiment, the device includes a UE, and in the case of using a DL positioning method, each TRD identifier indicates a TRD used for receiving or measuring one or more of the DL positioning reference signals, and in the case of using a UL positioning method, each TRD identifier indicates a TRD used for transmitting or measuring one or more of the UL positioning reference signals.

[0058] According to the embodiment, the device includes a TRP, and in the case of using a DL positioning method, each TRD identifier indicates a TRD used for transmitting or measuring one or more of the DL positioning reference signals, and in the case of using a UL positioning method, each TRD identifier indicates a TRD used for receiving or measuring one or more of the UL positioning reference signals.

[0059] According to the embodiment, the device includes a UE or TRP, and in the case where both DL positioning methods and UL positioning methods are used, each TRD identifier indicates a TRD used for receiving one or more DL positioning reference signals and transmitting one or more UL positioning reference signals.

[0060] According to the embodiment, the device will receive one or more TRD identifiers from the LMF.

[0061] According to the embodiment, in the case of using a positioning method that includes measurements at a first location and a second location, the instruction is for UL or DL ​​and DL or UL measurements, • One TRD identifier for UL transmission, and one TRD identifier for DL ​​reception, or • One TRD identifier for DL ​​transmission, and one TRD identifier for UL reception. Includes.

[0062] According to the embodiment, the device will receive instructions, for example, from a higher-layer interface, in order to provide information about TRD information.

[0063] According to the embodiment, in cases where the TRD information is provided by a network entity such as a UE that has the capability to transmit and / or receive simultaneously in different frequency portions, the TRD information indicates whether the TRD for the UL positioning reference signal and / or the DL measurement of the DL positioning reference signal in the first frequency portion and the second frequency portion are the same or within a predetermined range of the TRD.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the TRD information includes bandwidth indices for different frequency portions.

[0065] According to the embodiment, the device includes a UE capable of simultaneously receiving one or more positioning reference signals in a first frequency portion and a second frequency portion. The UE will receive information from the wireless communication network about one or more TRDs in the TRP for the DL positioning reference signal in the first and second frequency portions, and the UE will apply the received one or more TRDs to process the arrival time or direction arrival estimate of the DL positioning reference signal received from the first and second frequency portions.

[0066] According to the embodiment, a first entity such as a UE would use a plurality of different transmit (TX) filters to transmit one or more reference signals at different moments in time, and would provide the device with TRD information for each TX filter used, each TRD information being associated with a timestamp. The device will receive one or more measurement reports from one or more second entities, such as a TRP, which will include measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted by a first entity, and each of the measurement reports will include time information about the moment of measurement of the reference signals. The device will use the TRD information and timestamp associated with the time information to map the TRD information received from the first entity to one or more measurement reports received from the second entity.

[0067] According to the embodiment, a first entity, such as a UE, will receive one or more reference signals at different moments in time using a plurality of different receiving (RX) filters, and will provide TRD information for each RX filter used to the device, each TRD information being associated with a timestamp, and the device will receive one or more measurement reports from the first entity, each containing measurements of one or more reference signals received by the first entity, each measurement report containing time information about the moment of measurement of the reference signals, and the device will map the TRD information received from the first entity to the one or more measurement reports received from the second entity using the timestamps associated with the TRD information and the time information.

[0068] General According to the embodiment, the position determination processor is · Angle of arrival (AoA), • Angle of Defense (AoD), · Time of arrival (ToA), • Flight time (ToF), • Time difference in arrival (TDOA) such as OTDOA and UL-TDOA, Enhanced Cell ID, NR-Multi-RTT It operates according to one or more of the following positioning methods.

[0069] According to the embodiment, User devices include handheld UEs, such as power limiting UEs or UEs used by pedestrians, also known as vulnerable road users (VRUs) or pedestrian UEs (P-UEs), or on-body or handheld UEs used by public safety personnel and first responders, also known as public safety UEs (PS-UEs), or IoT devices such as sensors, actuators, or UEs provided in a premises network to perform repetitive tasks and requesting input from gateway nodes, mobile terminals, or fixed terminals at periodic intervals. A UE, or cellular IoT-UE, or vehicle UE, or vehicle group leader (GL) UE, or sidelink relay, or IoT or narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) device, or wearable device such as a smartwatch, or fitness tracker, or smart glasses, or ground vehicle, or aircraft, or drone, or mobile base station, or roadside unit (RSU), or building, or any other item or device provided with a network connection that enables the item / device to communicate using a wireless communication network, such as a sensor or actuator, or any other item or device provided with a network connection that enables the item / device to communicate using a sidelink of a wireless communication network, such as a sensor or actuator, or any sidelink-enabled network entity, comprising one or more of these: A RAN entity base station is a macro-cell base station, or small-cell base station, or central unit of a base station, or distributed unit of a base station, or roadside unit (RSU), or UE, or group leader (GL), or relay or remote radio head, or AMF, or MME, or SMF, or core network entity, or mobile edge computing (MEC) entity, or network slice such as in an NR or 5G core context, or any transmit / receive point (TRP) that enables an item or device to communicate using a wireless communication network, comprising one or more of any transmit / receive points (TRPs) to which an item or device is provided with network connectivity for communicating using a wireless communication network.

[0070] system According to one embodiment, the wireless communication system comprises one or more devices according to any one of the preceding claims.

[0071] method According to one embodiment, a method for operating a device for determining the location of entities in a wireless communication network is: Determining the location of a first entity in a wireless communication network using one or more location measurements between the first entity and one or more second entities, wherein each of the first and second entities is equipped with one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals for location measurement. The position of the first entity is determined using the radio signal transmission and reception reference points (TRRPs) in one or more antennas of the first entity and / or one or more second entities. It has.

[0072] According to one embodiment, a method for operating a device for a wireless communication network is: The use of one or more antennas, wherein one or more antennas will transmit radio signals. It has, Therefore, the transmitted or received position (TRRP) of the radio signal at one or more antennas is used in the positioning process.

[0073] According to the embodiment, a method for operating a device for a wireless communication network, wherein the device comprises one or more antennas, and the one or more antennas receive radio signals from one or more radio access network (RAN) entities and / or user devices of the wireless communication network, and the method is The steps include receiving the transmit or receive position (TRRP) of a radio signal transmitted by one or more antennas of each RAN entity and / or user device, A step of using one or more received TRRPs for a location determination process performed in a device or in a network entity far from the device, wherein the location determination process uses the received TRRPs to determine the location of the device. A method having

[0074] Computer programs Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program that, when the program is executed by a computer, includes instructions causing the computer to perform one or more methods according to the present invention.

[0075] As described above, geometry-based object positioning or localization is based on wirelessly measured radio signals and typically involves combining direction measurements such as angle of arrival (AOA) or angle of departure (AOD) with distance measurements such as time of flight (TOF), or the origin or location of the transmitted or received radio signal. This transmit or receive location of the radio signal is referred to herein as the transmit or receive reference point (TRRP). As described above, the TRRP is not fixed and varies depending on various parameters, such as those listed below. • Carrier frequency of the signal, The following spatial filters (precoders or beamformers) used on antenna arrays: ○ Beam direction, and ○ Power scaling on the antenna • Antenna modes in the case of a multi-mode antenna, • Total output transmission power due to changes in impedance.

[0076] To address the shortcomings found in prior art approaches, embodiments of the present invention are described below. For example, how TRRP information is exchanged and updated in mobile communication systems such as cellular NR 5G networks. • How TRRP relates to existing measurements that are exchanged for positioning, and • Procedures required for exchanging TRRP information.

[0077] Figure 5 illustrates an apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 400 determines the location of an entity such as an UE or gNB in ​​a wireless communication network, as described above, using a TRRP of an antenna used to transmit and receive distance or direction measuring signals. The apparatus 400 includes a location determination processor 402 for determining the location of a first entity in a wireless communication network using one or more location measurements between the first entity and one or more second entities. Each of the first and second entities is provided with one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals for location measuring. The location determination processor determines the location of the first entity using a TRRP of radio signals at one or more antennas of the first entity and / or one or more second entities. According to the embodiment, the apparatus 400 is part of a core network, part of a UE, or part of a gNB. For example, the apparatus 400 is implemented in the following: • A core entity such as a Wireless Communications Network Core Location Management Function (LMF) that receives TRRP for a first entity and for one or more second entities, or • A first entity, such as a radio access network (RAN) entity or user device in a wireless communications network, receives TRRP for one or more second entities, or • One or more second entities, such as a wireless access network (RAN) entity or user device in a wireless communications network, receive a TRRP for the first entity.

[0078] Figure 6 illustrates a device 410 according to a further embodiment of the present invention. The device 410 is a user device (UE), or a RAN entity such as a gNB, and includes one or more antennas 412 for transmitting radio signals. The device 410 transmits radio signals at one or more antennas 412 which will be used in a positioning process, or transmits a TRRP (Track Receiving Point).

[0079] According to one embodiment, one or more antennas 412 receive radio signals from one or more radio access network (RAN) entities and / or user devices of a wireless communication network. The device 410 receives transmit or receive reference points (TRRPs) of radio signals transmitted by one or more antennas of each RAN entity and / or user device. One or more received TRRPs are used, according to the first embodiment, for a location determination process 414 performed by the device 410. According to the second embodiment, the device 410 provides the received TRRPs to network entities far away from the device 410 that are performing the location determination process. The determination process uses the received TRRPs to determine the location of the device 410.

[0080] The above wireless signal is obtained by beamforming or spatial filtering, which is a signal processing technique used in an antenna array for directional signal transmission or reception. This is achieved by combining the elements of the antenna array such that signals at a particular angle undergo constructive interference while other signals undergo destructive interference. Beamforming is used at both the transmitting and receiving ends to achieve spatial selectivity. The improvement compared to omnidirectional reception / transmission is known as the directivity of the array (see [Wik20]). For systems operating above 6 GHz, which is the so-called millimeter-wave range, beamforming is essential since highly directional transmission compensates for significant propagation and penetration losses. Digital beamforming offers the greatest flexibility as it enables connection of each antenna element to its own RF chain. However, at mmWave frequencies and when a large number of antenna elements are used, digital beamforming generally becomes prohibitively expensive in terms of complexity, power consumption, and cost (see [RHJDM15]). On the other hand, analog beamforming is typically implemented using phase shifters and electrical delays. This has limited the flexibility of dynamic control of the radiation pattern, especially when multi-beam patterns are considered, but is an attractive option mainly due to its relative simplicity and the fewer number of RF chains required. For these reasons, mmWave systems have a hybrid configuration in which beamforming is implemented in both the digital and analog domains. In hybrid beamforming, the analog beamformer typically includes several subarrays, each having a dedicated RF chain (see [RHJDM15]).

[0081] Z of the m-th element of the linear array, interconnected to all other elements m , or Z of the rectangular array m.nThe input impedance of an antenna array like this is also called the active impedance (see Vis06, which states that "active impedance is defined as the impedance seen by a generator connected to one array element when all other array elements are active" [Bal67]). Since current is the origin of electromagnetic radiation, interconnection affects not only the input impedance of the elements in the array but also their radiation pattern. The interconnection effect generally changes with the position of the elements, the angle of radiation, and the frequency, and is determined by the type of array elements under consideration (see Vis06). Thus, interconnection affects the phase center of the antenna. Furthermore, in hybrid or analog beamformers with time delay elements or phase shifters implemented in the form of electronic circuits including both discrete and integrated elements, the scattering or S-parameters of such circuits change depending on operating parameters such as frequency, power level, required delay or phase setting, and the impedance seen as viewed from the input and output ports of the circuit, device, or component (see Qur19). In other words, a time delay or phase shifter also has, in effect, a form of active impedance of its own that is affected by one or more of the aforementioned operating conditions. Thus, these active impedance effects of the beamforming network interact with the active impedance of the antenna and, therefore, further affect the phase center of the antenna.

[0082] Therefore, the TRRP of an antenna in a device as described above with reference to Figure 6 varies depending on the manner in which the actual radio signal is generated by the device's antenna. According to the embodiment, the TRRP is also called, or known as, the phase center or radiation reference point, and is determined or calculated by the respective entity transmitting or receiving the radio signal using well-known approaches, for example, for a single-element antenna of the type described in [GFWWE11], for a linear phased array of the type described in [NR17], or for a multimode antenna of the type described in [AH20]. [HGC16] presents a method for calculating the location of the phase center for any antenna system and scenario. [Zei11, CGS+04] calculates the phase center so that the GNNS system improves positional accuracy. [FBCF19] calculates the phase center for image processing in the intermediate area. However, it should be noted that none of the references describe how such information about the TRRP is exchanged within the network for positional calculations. The present invention provides embodiments for including correspondences of TRRP information to other measurements for geometry-based positioning, such as an NR LMF, by signaling TRRP from a transmitter and / or receiver to a location where position calculations are performed.

[0083] TRRP Capability Signaling According to the embodiment, the device 410 is a UE or base station (BS), and the UE / BS capability to calculate or compute the TRRP is signaled, for example, while the UE is accessing the network or when a positioning measurement request is sent. This signaling is, in its simplest form, a 1-bit field indicating whether an entity, such as a UE or BS, is capable of determining and / or signaling the TRRP. Figure 7 shows an embodiment of an ASN1 snippet for signaling TRRP computing capability to a location server of a wireless communications network, for example, using an information element (IE) trrpReportingCapability indicating whether TRRP calculation and reporting is supported. In other embodiments, the TRRP calculation capability regarding the possible accuracy supported by an entity is signaled to the location server using an information element (IE) trrpReportingCapability that indicates whether TRRP calculation and reporting are supported or not, in the form of normal reporting, enhanced reporting, or requested reporting, as shown in Figure 8 and described in more detail below.

[0084] The signaling mechanism by which TRRP computing power is transferred to the LMF depends on whether the UE's TRRP, the base station's TRRP, or another TRP is to be signaled to the LMF. According to the embodiment, the LPP protocol is used to signal the UE's TRRP computing power to the location server. LPP provides two methods—requesting power and providing power—for requesting and transferring power between the UE and the location server. The requesting power method allows the LMF to request the UE to provide its power, and the providing power method allows the UE to send its power to the LMF in response to a requesting power message or in anticipation by the UE.

[0085] Figure 9 shows an embodiment in which TRRP computing capability signaling is included together with other capability reports or in location-related reports. In LPP, the "provided capability" method transfers UE capability to the LMF, i.e., the location server. This can be unsoliced ​​or in response to a "requested capability" sent from the LMF to the UE. Figure 9 shows the ASN1 syntax for requesting UE capability by the LMF.

[0086] According to one embodiment, TRRP reporting capability is also requested using IE CommonlEsRequestCapabilities shown in Figure 10, with the field trrpReportingEnabled-rxy. The presence of the field trrpReportingEnabled-rxx (where xx in rxx indicates the 3GPP® release in which this capability was introduced) signals the UE to report whether or not the UE supports TRR reporting.

[0087] According to another embodiment, if the location server wishes to know whether TRRP reporting is possible, the LMF requests the UE to signal that capability by including a request in an information element corresponding to the positioning method. Figure 11 shows an embodiment for requesting such capability for the DL-TDOA positioning method. Signaling requests for other positioning methods, such as NR-Multi-RTT, AoD, and UL-TDOA, are made similarly.

[0088] The UE announces its capabilities by either signaling to the LMF whether it supports TRRP signaling in response to the request capability method described above, or by making a voluntary capability transfer. Figure 12 shows an embodiment of the IE that allows the UE to signal its capabilities to the location server.

[0089] For each method included in the ProvideCapabilities method, for example, IE trrpReportingEnabled is included for NR-DL-TDOA, as shown in Figure 13.

[0090] On the network side, the LMF uses the NRPPa protocol to query the configuration in TRP. A Class 1 elementary procedure is used to request information about TRP. The elementary procedure [Positioning Method] Information Exchange, consisting of a [Positioning Method] Information Request before a [Positioning Method] Information Response or [Positioning Method] Information Failure, is used to exchange the necessary information. For example, the procedures for OTDOA are named OTDOA Information Request and OTDOA Information Response, respectively.

[0091] The information request is transferred from the LMF to the NG-RAN node by including the IE OTDOA information item in the OTDOA information request. The request according to the current version of the specification is as follows:

[0092] [Table 1]

[0093] According to the approach of the present invention, the capability of TRP is requested by adding the field trrpReporting to the field OTDOA information item, and the modified IE is as follows:

[0094] [Table 2]

[0095] Capability queries are extended to other methods of information requests by adding the trrpReportingEnabled field to the query.

[0096] Referring further to the above OTDOA embodiment, the information regarding TRRR is included in the OTDOA cell information of the OTDOA information response message. The currently specified message is as follows:

[0097] [Table 3]

[0098] [Table 4] TIFF0007868610000007.tif255169TIFF0007868610000008.tif188170

[0099] The NG-RAN access point location field provides a means for NG-RAN nodes to provide the TRP location to the LMF. For example, a new field, TRRPPositionUst, is added to this message to signal TRRPs for various beamforming configurations, up to the maxBeamsPerTRP configuration. TRRPPosition has the same format as the NG-RAN access point location.

[0100] [Table 5]

[0101] According to other embodiments, the TRRP location is defined as an offset relative to a designated NG-RAN access point. This is a three-dimensional vector with the NG-RAN location as its origin.

[0102] In further embodiments, the information is appropriately incorporated into the respective information request and information response messages for other positioning methods such as NR-DL-TDOA, NR-UL-TDOA, and NR-MultiRTT. More specifically, TRRPPositionUst appears at the same IE level as the NG-RAN position appearing in the method in which the IE is involved.

[0103] For TRPs hosted within the DU, the F1-AP interface between the gNB-CU and the gNB-DU (see Figure 2) is used to provide TRP information using IE TRP information.

[0104] At the same IE level, including the NR-RAN access point location, the TRRPPositionList shown above is added to and signaled to the LMF as an optional parameter.

[0105] One way LMF estimates the capabilities of the network-side receiver / transmitter is by checking for the presence or absence of optional phase-center information. If phase-center information is not present in the signaling, it is estimated that TRP does not support the TRRP reporting function.

[0106] For UE-based positioning, the TRRPPositlon location will be made available to the UE. The LMF will transmit this information using message-providing data as requested by the UE, or voluntarily, using message-requesting data. However, the TRRP location will still be required by multiple UEs performing UE-based positioning. In this situation, the TRRP location will be further communicated by broadcasting a positioning SIB (posSIB) via RRC signaling.

[0107] TRRP Accuracy - Normal and Enhanced Modes for TRRP Information Reporting According to the embodiment, devices such as gNBs, UEs, and IAB nodes are capable of providing information describing their phase center or TRRP202 (see Figure 3) and / or their timing reference point 200 (see Figure 3). The device provides this information by sending a report using, for example, one or more of the following: Direct or indirect reporting, such as when a gNB or UE directly sends a report to another network entity, or when an IAB node indirectly sends a report from another IAB node, for example, from one IAB node to the next. • Relative or absolute reporting, such as that described along with relative and absolute information, such as location. • Requested, timed, repetitive, sequential, scheduled, delayed, continuous, or intermittent reporting. For example, raw (uncorrected) or corrected reporting can be "raw," "uncorrected," or "uncalibrated" in the sense that the positioning information sent in the report has not been corrected according to some other types of reference measurement or calibration routines. The latter result, therefore, provides a "corrected" or "calibrated" positioning report. For example, calibration involves comparing one quantity with another, and from this comparison, corrections can be determined for uncalibrated or calibrated reporting. In the case of accredited reports, the calibration procedure is qualified or accredited in some way, for example, by a test house. • Uncertified or certified reporting. For example, calibration procedures are not only accredited, but also traceable, or non-tradable, reporting based on quantities traceable to regulated standard laboratories such as DIN, NF, BSI, and NIST. For example, reporting associated with category, class, quality, and reliability, where all devices may have different qualities or reliability of reporting information. The devices, therefore, have means for displaying or reporting such “class” or “category” information. • Reporting associated with signal type, logical or physical channel, or layer.

[0108] Depending on its class / category / capacity, a particular instrument may provide phase center and / or timing reference point information using two or more reporting modes. According to the embodiment, as a minimum requirement, the instrument provides normal reporting. It is assumed that the instrument has means for indicating its capabilities to other instruments automatically, or when requested or authorized.

[0109] Standard reporting According to the embodiment, standard reporting is used, and the instrument provides information describing or defining the instrument's phase center / TRRP202 and / or the instrument's timing reference point 200. This information is provided as part of the manufacturer's declaration and is given with respect to a set of inherent or fixed operating conditions, such as one or more of the following: • A fixed operating frequency, such as the center frequency of a given NR operating band. • A fixed beam direction, such as a direction in which all beamforming weights are reset so that beams that are not electronically scanned in or out of sight are not scanned. • Fixed polarization, such as single polarizations like vertical, horizontal, left-circular, or right-circular polarization.

[0110] A set of intrinsic or fixed operating conditions, which gives the phase center and / or its timing reference point, forms part of the aforementioned set of information or is provided to other devices through signaling.

[0111] Enhanced reporting According to the embodiment, enhanced reporting is used, and the instrument provides information describing or defining the instrument's phase center / TRRP202 and / or the instrument's timing reference point 200. Unlike normal reporting, this information is provided for the instrument's current operating conditions, rather than a set of inherent or fixed operating conditions. For example, the current operating conditions are described by a set of parameters including one or more of the following: • Current operating frequency • Current beam direction • Current polarization

[0112] The enhanced reporting provides absolute information describing or defining the phase center / TRRP202 and / or timing reference point 200.

[0113] According to the embodiment, instead of providing absolute information, or in addition to it, the instrument provides information describing or defining the instrument's phase center / TRRP202 and / or the instrument's timing reference point200, while referring to information provided by the instrument through normal reporting. This form of reporting provides relative information. For example, normal reporting defines the phase center / TRRP as triple absolute coordinates {x0, y0, z0}, while relative reporting provides triple relative coordinates {x1, y1, z1}. The phase center / TRRP for the current operating conditions is then determined by appropriately combining the two sets of coordinates. While examples using a set of Cartesian coordinates have been shown, it should be noted that other forms of three-dimensional coordinate representation are not excluded, for example, spherical and cylindrical coordinates may be used similarly.

[0114] Requested reporting Depending on the embodiment, instruments operating under specific conditions or use cases or applications require different levels of accuracy to determine the instrument's position. Figure 14 illustrates the concepts of accuracy, precision, and trueness. The terms accuracy, trueness, and precision are distinguished from the terms used to refer to measurements in scientific and technical contexts. Generally speaking, accuracy refers to how closely a measurement approaches a known value or standard. Nevertheless, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) uses "trueness" for the above definition, while retaining the word "accuracy," to refer to a combination of trueness and precision. Precision, on the other hand, concerns how closely several measurements of the same quantity approach each other. In the field of statistics, it is rather common to use the terms "bias" and "variability" to refer to a lack of "trueness" and a lack of "precision." ISO standard 5725, titled "Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results," uses the combination of the two terms "trueness" and "precision" in Figure 14 to describe the accuracy of measurement methods. According to ISO 5725, "trueness" refers to the approach of agreement between the arithmetic mean of many test results and the true or accepted reference value, as seen in ISO 5725-1:1994.Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 1:General principles and definitions.1994. "Precision" refers to the approach of agreement between different test results.

[0115] The terms accuracy, trueness, and precision are important, distinct terms used in scientific and technical contexts when referring to measurements. Generally speaking, accuracy refers to how closely a measurement approaches a known value or standard. Nevertheless, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) uses "trueness" for the above definition, while retaining the term "accuracy," to refer to a combination of trueness and precision. Precision, on the other hand, concerns how closely several measurements of the same quantity approach each other. In the field of statistics, it is rather common to use the terms "bias" and "variability" to refer to a lack of "trueness" and a lack of "precision," respectively. ISO standard 5725, titled "Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results," uses a combination of the two terms "trueness" and "precision" (Figure 14) to describe the accuracy of measurement methods. According to ISO 5725, "trueness" refers to the closeness of agreement between the arithmetic mean of many test results and the true or accepted standard value[1], while "precision" refers to the closeness of agreement between different test results. 1.ISO5725-1:1994.Accuracy(trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results─Part 1:General principles and definitions.1994.https: / / www.iso.org / obp / ui#iso:std:iso:5725:-1:ed-1:v1:en

[0116] On the other hand, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM), as seen in the BIPM, the Joint Committee on Metrology and Measurement (JCGM), and the Working Group on International Metrology and Measurement Terminology (VIM), JCGM 200:2012, defines accuracy as the approach of agreement between the value of the measured quantity and the true value of the measured quantity (the quantity intended to be measured). In this case, accuracy is defined as the approach of agreement between the average of an infinite number of replicated values ​​of the measured quantity and the value of the reference quantity. Equally, the New Oxford American Dictionary provides a technical definition of accuracy as the degree to which the result of a measurement, calculation, or specification conforms to the correct value or standard (see New Oxford American Dictionary (3rd Edition)). Similarly, the Merriam-Webster dictionary defines accuracy as the degree to which a measurement conforms to a standard or true value (see Merriam-Webster's dictionary (Nez Edition). 2016).

[0117] As demonstrated by BIPM, historically, the term “measurement accuracy” has been used in related but slightly different ways. A single measured value may be considered accurate when the overall measurement error is assumed to be small. In other cases, a set of measured values ​​may be considered accurate when both measurement truthfulness and measurement precision are assumed to be good. Therefore, care must be taken when explaining in what sense the term “measurement accuracy” is being used. There is no generally established methodology for assigning a numerical value to measurement accuracy. In statistics, truthfulness is generally called the lack of bias, defined as the difference between the estimator’s expected value and the true value of the parameter being estimated. In some experimental cases, several external factors introduce bias and alter the measured values. Bias is defined as the difference between the mean of a measurement and a baseline value. Generally, instrument calibration procedures should focus on establishing and correcting this.

[0118] Therefore, for specific use cases, this is sufficient for equipment used for normal reporting, such as a device that does not move much and has never triggered any "special" events. On the other hand, there are other use cases, such as a scenario in which a user or device sends a distress call—for example, a "911" call—and the emergency service requests the device to provide more accurate reporting information so that the user / device can be found with less "search" and therefore more quickly. A second example is tracking the location of lost or stolen items—for example, a tracker fixed to a vehicle—and the equipment requests that it perform enhanced reporting. In such situations, the equipment or device is equipped with means to directly request enhanced reporting information from another device and / or to first determine, through the exchange of signaling information, whether the device has the capability to provide enhanced reporting information.

[0119] Whether standard, enhanced, or requested reporting is used is signaled using the IE trrpReportingCapability shown in Figure 8.

[0120] TRRP Signaling Embodiments for signaling TRRPs using the approach of the present invention will now be described in more detail.

[0121] According to the first embodiment, the TRRP location is signaled from the BS to the LMF for network positioning, such as UTDOA or DOA measurement at the BS (see Figure 2). For this purpose, NRPPa is used.

[0122] According to the second embodiment, the TRRP's position is signaled from the UE to the LMF for UE-assisted positioning, such as OTDOA (see Figure 2). LPP is used for this purpose.

[0123] According to the third embodiment, the location of the TRRP is signaled from the LMF to the UE or to a network such as the BS for location calculation of the UE or network only.

[0124] The signaling according to the first to third embodiments described above further updates the position of the TRRP by referencing its previous position. The TRRP is signaled as coordinates in one or more reference coordinate systems, such as the GNNS coordinate system, or by referencing a fixed reference point of the device, such as an antenna connector or antenna position. The coordinates can be Cartesian, spherical, or any other format. The coordinate reference system is defined, for example, in [3GPP(registered trademark) 18-23032].

[0125] The TRRP location is signaled from the UE to the LMF using the ProvideLocationInformation message. According to the embodiment, the existing IE NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideLocationInformation is extended by adding TRRP information, as shown in Figure 15. The nr-DL-TDOA-TRRPInformation is provided as an offset to a reference point at the UE. The reference point is, for example, a reference point for measurement and currently considered antenna or antenna connector. This is specified as a combination of length and Euler angle, or as a quaternion. This information is applied as appropriate to other positioning methods.

[0126] TRRP correspondence for transmitting / receiving spatially filtered signals for positioning. Embodiments for providing a TRRP for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) scenarios will now be described in more detail. In the following description, the TRP and beam are shown in Figure 2.

[0127] DL case a) The TRPs (see TRP1-TRP3 in Figure 2) are configured in transmit modes by different precoders or beamformers or spatial filters and corresponding antenna ports, defining which physical antennas are used to transmit spatially filtered signals such as synchronous signal blocks (SSB), PRS, CSI-RS, or demodulated reference signals (DM-RS), using transmit beams 1, 2, and 3 in TRP1, transmit beams 4, 5, and 6 in TRP2, and transmit beams 7, 8, and 9 in TRP3. i) The transmitter calculates or derives the phase center or TRRP of the transmitted spatially filtered signal, such as the geometric mean of the positions of contributing antenna elements, from, for example, a look-up table (LUT). ii) Phase center information for each Tx beam is provided to a positioning device, such as an LMF for UE-assisted mode, or a UE for UE-based mode. The information may include the gNB-ID or TRP-ID for the transmitted beam, the beam ID, and TRRP information. For example, the information may be provided as TRP index #N, PRS index #K, and TRRP information. b) The receiver is the UE for the DL scenario and receives the DL reference signal using a receiving beam defined by different precoders or beamformers or spatial filters, as shown in Figure 2 as RX beams A, B, and C. i) The receiver calculates or derives the phase center / TRRP of the received spatially filtered signal, for example from the LUT, such as the geometric mean of the positions of the contributing antenna elements. ii) The information includes the TRP index #N, PRS index #K, and TRRP information for the received beam.

[0128] UL case a) TRPs (see TRP1 to TRP3 in Figure 2) are configured in receiving modes by different spatial filters and corresponding antenna ports that define which physical antennas are used to receive spatially filtered signals, i.e., beams 1, 2, and 3 in TRP1, beams 4, 5, and 6 in TRP2, and beams 7, 8, and 9 in TRP3, in order to receive UL signals transmitted from the UE, such as SRS. i) The receiver calculates or derives the TRRP of the received spatially filtered signal, for example from the LUT, such as the geometric mean of the positions of the contributing antenna elements. ii) TRRP information for each Rx beam is provided to the positioning entity, such as LMF for UE-assisted mode, or UE for UE-based mode. The information includes the gNB-ID or TRP-ID, beam ID, and TRRP information related to the received beam. For example, the information is provided as follows: • TRP Index #N, PRS Index #K, TRRP Information, • Reporting for each UL measurement ID, including SRS-ID, beam ID, and TRRP information, or • Arrival measurement reports including RTOA-ID, beam ID, and TRRP information. b) The transmitter is the UE for the UL scenario and transmits the UL reference signal with different spatial filters (see Tx beams A, B, and C in Figure 2). i) The transmitter calculates or derives the TRRP of the transmitted spatially filtered signal, for example from the LUT, such as the geometric mean of the positions of the contributing antenna elements. ii) The information includes the following: • SRS index #N and TRRP information for the transmitted beam, or • When spatial relationships are established for each DL signal, gNB-ID or TRP-ID, beam ID, and TRRP information.

[0129] TRRP-related procedures for LMF-based TDA An embodiment for LMF-based TDOA using signaled TRRP will now be described, assuming it is implemented in the system shown in Figure 2. (1) The LMF determines that the PRS resource or set of resources received from the gNB has different spatial relation information. The LMF requests the gNB / TRP to provide information about the type of gNB / TRP. (la) The LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that phase center or TRRP information data has been requested, and / or (lb)LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that a gNB type has been requested. (2) The gNB provides the requested TRRP information in an NRPPa auxiliary data response message, if available in the gNB. If the gNB is unable to provide any information, it returns an auxiliary data failure message indicating the cause of the failure. In addition or alternatively, the gNB provides information about the type of gNB, such as 1-H or 1-C, the latter indicating the TOA error in the LMF resulting from uncertainty in defining the phase center. (3) The LMF sends auxiliary data about the PRS measurement to the target device via the LPP interface, along with the LPP-provided auxiliary data message, and requests the target device to perform the measurement with the LPP request location information message. (4) The target device performs timing measurements, i.e., RSTD measurements. RSTD measurements include timing errors resulting from the mismatch between the phase center / TRRP and the antenna coordinates. (5) The target device provides LPP location information to the LMF. (6) The LMF calculates the target device position using the information provided by the gNB in ​​step (1) and the measurements provided by the target device in step (5).

[0130] TRRP-related procedures for UE-based DL-TDOA An embodiment for UE-based DL-TDOA using signaled TRRP will now be described, assuming it is implemented in the system shown in Figure 2. (1) The LMF determines that the PRS resource or set of resources received from the gNB has different spatial relation information. The LMF requests the gNB / TRP to provide information about the type of gNB / TRP. (la) The LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that phase center or TRRP information data has been requested, and / or (lb)LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that a gNB type has been requested. (2) The gNB provides the requested TRRP information and / or type information in an NRPPa auxiliary data response message, if available on the gNB. If the gNB is unable to provide any information, it returns an auxiliary data failure message indicating the cause of the failure. (3) The LMF sends auxiliary data about the PRS measurement to the target device via the LPP interface, along with an LPP-provided auxiliary data message containing TRRP information or gNB type information. (4) The target device performs timing measurements, i.e., RSTD measurements, and uses the information provided by gNB in ​​step (1) to calculate the position of the target device itself.

[0131] TRRP-related procedures for UL-TDOA An embodiment for UL-TDOA using signaled TRRP will now be described, assuming it is implemented in the system shown in Figure 2. (1) The LMF determines that a UL-PRS resource or set of resources, such as an SRS, received from the gNB has different spatial relational information. (la) The LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that phase center or TRRP information data has been requested, and / or (lb)LMF sends an NRPPa auxiliary data request message to the gNB indicating that a gNB type has been requested. (2) The gNB provides the requested TRRP information and / or type information in an NRPPa auxiliary data response message, if available on the gNB. If the gNB is unable to provide any information, it returns an auxiliary data failure message indicating the cause of the failure. (3) The LMF calculates the target device position using the information provided by gNB in ​​step (1) and the RTOA measurements provided by TRP.

[0132] TRRP reporting frequency According to the embodiment, TRRP reporting is linked to positioning measurement requests and is periodic or aperiodic; for example, TRRP is reported on demand or on request.

[0133] For example, in the case of TOF-based measurements, TRRP updates require a clear correspondence to the measurement report. For instance, if an OTDOA measurement report is sent to determine the location of the UE, the TRRP location or an update to the TRRP location must be sent either together with the measurement or separately with a unique index pointing to this OTDOA measurement. The same applies to DOA measurements.

[0134] In the case of spatially filtered signals, for example, for uplink positioning using SRS precoded with a codebook, and for downlink positioning using PRS precoded with a codebook, the TRRP is signaled by referencing a previously used signal, such as by referring to a codeword, such as an entry in the codebook, or by utilizing a correspondence, such as QCL type D. Reusing a previous codeword or spatial filter does not require updating the TRRP, but provides a clear correspondence between the measurement and the TRRP. It should be noted that spatially filtered signals other than PRS and SRS, such as CSI-RS, DM-RS, or PTRS, are also used for position determination.

[0135] The TRRP report will be updated for UE-specific spatially filtered signals. For example, on the downlink, the BS selects a non-codebook precoder for the UE or a specific group of UEs, and on the uplink, the non-codebook precoder is selected by the UE for the SRS. It should be noted that this also includes the fact that the TRRP has not changed when compared to previous TRRP reports.

[0136] The above explanation assumes that, when discussing spatially filtered signals, TRRP parameters other than those indicated, such as carrier frequency, transmit power, or antenna mode, remain constant. If they are not constant, these changes need to be further signaled. For example, changes in transmit power are triggered by adaptive power control in the UE, such as path loss-dependent open-loop power control for uplink transmissions.

[0137] TRRP storage According to the embodiment, the received TRRP is stored, for example, so that it can be reused later.

[0138] A TRRP is associated with a specific signal or spatial filter, and in the case of codebook-based transmission, for example, the TRRP information for each codeword is exchanged only once. In cases where multiple codewords in the codebook are associated with the same TRRP, fewer codewords than the total number need to be exchanged. In cases where the same antenna and spatial filter are used twice for different signals, for example, for SSB and then for PRS, the TRRP sent with SSB is reused for PRS, signaling the correspondence between SSB and PRS QCL type D according to, for example, [3GPP(registered trademark) 19-38214]. In such cases, the TRRP stores the correspondence between the gNB-ID or TRP-ID and the beam ID in the LMF.

[0139] Location and orientation information for the Radiation Reference Point (TRRP) is stored, calculated, or provided in / from the following: • LMF (Location Management Function), AMF (Access and Mobility Function), and associated databases. • Base stations such as eNB / gNBs, reference TRPs, and relay nodes (e.g., decode & forward and repeat, amplification & forward, IAB nodes). In the case of moving NG-RAN nodes (gNB or TRP), the location of the TRRP is updated periodically. • UE or user device.

[0140] For the exchange of TRRP data, the embodiment uses the following procedure. • Explicitly or implicitly incorporate TRRP data into the base station's DCI. For example, signaling TRRP data over an over-the-top (OTT) channel connected to a database, such as the Internet, and providing additional information about other networks or nodes that provide reference signals used for positioning.

[0141] Additional positioning-related TRRP information is provided using existing file and data formats that have been extended to make space for the additional TRRP information described herein.

[0142] Transmission and reception criteria information According to the embodiments described above, TRRP is signaled, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. According to further embodiments, transmit and receive delay (TRD) information is signaled in addition to the TRRP information.

[0143] According to one embodiment, instead of signaling the TRRP, the Transmit and Receive Reference Information (TRRI), which includes TRRP and TRD information, is signaled, as will be described in more detail below. According to another embodiment, the above approach for signaling the TRRP is used to signal the TRRI.

[0144] Definition of TRRI According to the embodiment, the Transmit and Receive Reference Information (TRRI) includes the following: • TRRP, and • Transmit and receive delay (TRD) information. TRD includes information about signal delays between the TRRP and the baseband unit, and / or delay information for one or more of the following: transmit / receive unit (TXRU) delay, transceiver array boundary, radio distributed network, and physical antenna array. Nevertheless, it is possible for devices on specific components to provide delay information, but as an alternative or addition, delay information can ideally be determined by devices between the TRRP and the baseband unit, for example, by indicating one or more of the following: Tx / Rx TRRP • Tx / Rx antenna connector Tx / Rx antenna • Tx / Rx transceiver array boundary connector • LMF (Location Management Function) uses this information to determine the uncertainty of the measurement.

[0145] Adjusting TRD (Transmit / Receive Delay) According to the embodiment, the TRD provides delay information for each UE, each TRP beam index, or each TX / Rx spatial filter. Depending on the embodiment, the TRD is determined by a positioning node, which is a gNB, TRP, or UE, using offline calibration or triggered or online calibration.

[0146] Offline Calibration: Transceiver delay is calibrated in an offline session, i.e., not during a positioning session. TRD information is then provided as a LUT stored in the positioning node. The information may include dependencies on delay influencing factors used for delay calibration, such as temperature, operating frequency, and spatial filters.

[0147] Triggered or online calibration: Transceiver delay is calibrated network-triggered or online during a positioning session. The device determines TRD information based on the positioning reference signal measured by the device.

[0148] According to one embodiment, the positioning node measures the loopback delay over which the signal progresses in order to estimate the overall transceiver delay (Tx, Rx).

[0149] TRRP to TRRP loopback According to the embodiment, the loopback signal is measured from a first transmit TRRP to a second receive TRRP, in which case each TRRP is associated with a different antenna panel of the same device or positioning node.

[0150] Nevertheless, for measurements in high-frequency ranges such as FR2, the loopback signal is within a near-field range, and the operation in this range becomes unpredictable. In other words, in such scenarios, determining the loopback delay is difficult or impossible. Therefore, according to the embodiment, the loopback operation is limited to a range or distance between TRRPs beyond a certain range R, where R defines the minimum range for determining the TRD between two TRRPs or two antennas, where R can be an indication of a near-field or reactive near-field region for the antenna radiation pattern, where R depends on the wavelength Λ and antenna length or diameter, the distance is between the two TRRPs or physical antennas and a factor X, where X has a value in the range between X=0.01 and X=3.

number

number

[0151] According to an embodiment, a positioning node that performs a loopback from an antenna to the antenna is not expected to use a pair of Tx-RX spatial filters of the same device to determine the loopback delay within a range R. This is to avoid TRD measurements in the range <R when it is not guaranteed that the signal will be received.

[0152] Transceiver loopback According to other embodiments, the loopback signal is measured or obtained from the transceiver delay, but not from the antenna. The positioning node performs a calibration delay when the transmitted signal is attenuated and received by the same receiver with the same spatial relationship of the transmitted signal. The loopback is realized by measuring the signal received from the Tx / Rx switch or by implementing a dedicated loopback line installed in front of the transceiver array boundary connector. For example, the positioning node calculates the overall delay including the transceiver antenna delay using information from offline calibration.

[0153] Hereinafter, a process for determining and reporting TRD according to an embodiment will be described. The process is implemented in a network as depicted in FIG. 2. 1. A NW entity such as LMF requests one or more positioning nodes to signal the ability for TRD determination, for example, via higher layer signaling. ○ One or more positioning nodes report the TRD ability to the NW entity. 2. The NW entity configures the positioning nodes to implement positioning methods such as AoD, DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA, AoA, multi-RTT as defined in [3GPP (registered trademark) TS38.305 v16.0.0], or sidelink methods. 3. The NW entity requests the higher layer parameter NRPPa provide_TRD_infromation for TRP or LPP, and requests the delay information with provide_TRD_infromation for the UE. 4. The positioning node reports TRD delay information using a TRRI message, for example, as an alternative to or addition to TRRP, which includes TRD delay information for spatial filters used for transmitting and / or receiving UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals for the method configured in step 2. ○ The positioning reference signal is SRS, PRS, CSI-RS, SSB, sidelink PRS, or any other reference signal used for positioning. ○ The reported delay is selected based on one or more Tx spatial filters used to transmit one or more UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals, and / or one or more Rx spatial filters used to perform measurements on the positioning reference signals. • Measurements include RTOA, RSTD, UE Rx-Tx, gNB Rx-Tx, or any timing-related measurement.

[0154] According to the embodiment, the process or procedure described above is used to report the TRRP.

[0155] The process or procedure described above is advantageous. More specifically, if the TRRI report is not mapped to the measured and transmitted signals, the NW entity will not have information about the spatial filters and antennas used, and therefore the TRRI information will be unclear to the NW entity. This unclearness is avoided by the procedure described above, more specifically by implementing the reporting procedure in step 4, which provides information about different delays to the positioning node.

[0156] The reporting procedure in Step 4 depends, according to the embodiment, on whether Step 2 constitutes a DL and UL-based positioning method, or a DL-based positioning method, or a UL-based positioning method. If the method configured in Step 2 is a DL and UL-based positioning method such as multi-RTT or E-CID, the UE performs measurements on DL-PRS signals transmitted from one or more TRPs. The TRP performs measurements on UL-SRS signals transmitted from the same UE. Positioning nodes such as UEs or TRPs report RTD as the Tx-Rx delay for spatial filters used for transmitting and / or receiving UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals. According to the embodiment, the UE is configured in a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay. The UE is configured in a measurement gap to perform a TRD measurement of the configured UL-PRS signal. The TRP is configured in a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay. If the method configured in Step 2 is a DL-based positioning method such as DL-TDOA, the UE performs measurements on DL-PRS signals transmitted from one or more TRPs. According to one embodiment, the UE is configured in a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay. The UE is configured with a measurement gap for performing a TRD measurement of the configured UL-PRS signal. The Rx delay is determined by subtracting the total loopback delay and the Tx delay based on prior calibration information in the UE. The Tx delay is determined by subtracting the total loopback delay and the Rx delay based on prior calibration information in the TRP. If the method configured in Step 2 is a UL-based positioning method such as UL-TDOA, the TRP performs measurements on the UL-PRS signal, such as SRS, transmitted from the UE. According to one embodiment, the TRP is configured in a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay. The Rx delay is determined by subtracting the total loopback delay and the Tx delay based on prior calibration information in the TRP. The transaction delay is determined by subtracting the total loopback delay from the transaction delay based on pre-calibration information at the UE.

[0157] TRD signaling According to the embodiment, the TRD is explicitly indicated, for example, by signaling an actual TRD associated with a specific reference signal (RS) or measurement. For example, the actual value of the delay is signaled.

[0158] According to other embodiments, the TRD is implicitly indicated, for example, by signaling a TRD indication. For example, the TRD is indicated using one or more TRD identifiers, each TRD identifier representing a TRD associated with a specific reference signal (RS), such as a positioning reference signal, and / or a specific measurement, such as a measurement of the positioning reference signal.

[0159] According to the embodiment, two or more RS or measured values ​​that have the same or similar TRD, such as having a TRD within a predetermined range of TRD, are indicated using the same TRD identifier. For example, TRD information indicating the TRD used to receive one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources and / or one or more UL positioning reference signals or resources is reported. If two or more positioning reference signals or measured values ​​are reported with the same TRD indication, the positioning processor assumes that the TRD delays are the same or similar. For example, in the case of DL-TDOA in UE-assisted mode, the UE reports the TRD indication to the LMF, which uses this information to subtract or estimate one or more common TRDs.

[0160] DL position determination method According to one embodiment, the device for determining the location of an entity in a wireless communication network is a UE that operates according to a DL location method. In such a case, the instruction includes at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate a TRD used for the reception of one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources, and two or more DL positioning reference signals or resources or DL ​​measurements, such as RSTD, DL reference signal time difference, DL-RSRP, DL-AoD, and similar, reported together with the same TRD instruction, have the same or similar delays.

[0161] According to one embodiment, the device for determining the location of an entity in a wireless communication network is a TRP that operates according to a DL location method. In such a case, the instruction includes at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate a TRD used for the transmission of one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources, and two or more DL positioning reference signals or resources reported with the same TRD instruction have the same or similar delays.

[0162] UL positioning method According to one embodiment, the device for determining the location of an entity in a wireless communication network is a TRP operating according to a UL location method. In such a case, the instruction includes at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate a TRD used for the reception of one or more UL positioning reference signals or resources, and two or more UL positioning reference signals or resources or UL measurements, such as Relative Time to Arrive (RTOA), UL-RSRP, UL-AoA, and similar, reported together with the same TRD instruction, have the same or similar delays.

[0163] According to one embodiment, the device for determining the location of an entity in a wireless communication network is a UE operating according to a UL location method. In such a case, the instruction includes at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate a TRD used for the transmission of one or more UL positioning reference signals or resources, and two or more UL positioning reference signals or resources reported with the same TRD instruction have the same or similar delays.

[0164] UL and DL position determination method According to one embodiment, the device for determining the location of entities in a wireless communication network is a TRP or UE operating according to a UL and DL location method. In such a case, the instruction includes at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate a TRD used for receiving one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources and transmitting one or more UL positioning reference signals or resources, and one or more UL positioning reference signals or resources, and one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources, or DL-and-UL measurements such as Rx-Tx measurements, which are reported together with the same TRD instruction, have the same or similar delays.

[0165] According to the embodiment, the device for determining the location of entities in a wireless communication network is a UE that implements a UE-based positioning mode. The network or system includes an LMF for providing the UE with association information of DL PRS resources with TRDs for UE-based positioning. The UE receives one or more instructions, the instructions including at least one or more TRD identifiers (IDs). The identifiers indicate TRDs used for the transmission of one or more DL positioning reference signals or resources, and two or more DL positioning reference signals or resources reported with the same TRD instruction have the same or similar delays.

[0166] Multi-field indicator According to one embodiment, the TRD indicator includes, for RSTD measurement, one TRD identifier for a reference TRR and one TRD identifier for a measured TRP. According to another embodiment, the indicator includes, for UL or DL ​​measurement, one TRD identifier for UL transmission and one TRD identifier for DL ​​reception, or one TRD identifier for DL ​​transmission and one TRD identifier for UL reception.

[0167] Further embodiments According to a further embodiment, the device is instructed by a higher-layer interface to provide information about TRD information. The device reports TRD information as instructions for measurements performed on the same or similar ones within the margin.

[0168] According to the embodiment, the UE is configured to transmit and / or receive simultaneously in different frequency portions. The UE is configured to transmit and / or perform measurements for different uses, such as MIMO or positioning use, each having a unique configuration for each.

[0169] If the UE is configured to transmit one or more positioning reference signals simultaneously in the first and second frequency segments, the UE will, to the best of its ability, report whether one or more TRDs for UL resources in the first and second frequency segments are the same or similar within a given margin. The UE will report the bandwidth index associated with the UL resource used for UL transmission within the TRD information.

[0170] If the UE is configured to simultaneously receive one or more positioning reference signals in the first and second frequency segments, the UE will, subject to its capabilities, report whether one or more UE receiver TRDs for DL ​​measurements in the first and second frequency segments are the same or similar within a margin. The UE will report in the TRD information the bandwidth index associated with the DL resource used, for example, for one or more RSTD measurements.

[0171] If the UE is configured to simultaneously receive one or more positioning reference signals in the first and second frequency portions, the UE receives information from the network about the TRP transmitter TRD for the DL resource in the first and second frequency portions. The UE applies this information to process the time of arrival or direction of arrival estimation for the reference signals received from the two frequency portions.

[0172] If the UE is configured to transmit one or more positioning reference signals simultaneously in the first and second frequency portions, and if the UE is configured to receive in the first and / or second frequency portions, the UE reports in the TRD information the bandwidth index associated with the UL resource used for the Rx-Tx measurement.

[0173] It should be noted that the frequency portion mentioned above refers to a band, component carrier, interband carrier, intraband carrier, one or more bandwidth portions, frequency layer, or frequency range.

[0174] According to the embodiment, the UE is configured to transmit one or more RSs at different moments in time. Depending on the channel conditions and UE suppression, the UE applies different Tx filters to the same RS configuration. The TRD changes when the UE applies different Tx settings. The UE provides one or more time-related pieces of information in one or more measurement reports for the provided TRD information.

[0175] In the same scenario, the LMF in UE-assisted mode, or the UE in UE-based mode, receives one or more measurements of one or more RS from the TRP. One or more TRP measurements contain time information for different moments in time. The TRP provides one or more time information in one or more measurement reports for the provided TRD information. The LMF or UE maps the TRD information received from or measured by the UE with the one or more TRP measurement report information for one or more moments from one or more reports. The TRP provides the UE or LMF with one or more timestamps of the provided TRD information in one or more measurement reports.

[0176] According to the embodiment, the UE is configured to receive one or more RSs at different moments in time. Depending on the channel conditions and UE suppression, the UE applies different Rx filters to the same configured RSs. The TRD changes when the UE applies different Rx settings. The UE provides one or more timestamps to the provided TRD information in one or more measurement reports.

[0177] In one example, the measurement report includes a timestamp indicating when the provided TRD information was valid.

[0178] In one example, TRD information, including the indicated value, applies only to the same measurement report unless otherwise specified. Therefore, TRD indications are not directly mapped to the physical transmitter and / or receiver chain of the UE or TRP.

[0179] General Although each aspect and embodiment of the approach of the present invention has been described separately, it should be noted that each aspect / embodiment may be practiced independently of the others, or that some or all of the aspects / embodiments may be combined. Furthermore, the embodiments described thereafter may be used in each of the aspects / embodiments described so far.

[0180] According to the embodiments described above, the TRRP is signaled. According to further embodiments, additional information is signaled, such as the field of view or open angle of the array, the beam control range, the main direction of the array, and / or the unique beam.

[0181] According to the embodiment, the wireless communication system may include a terrestrial network, a non-terrestrial network, or a network or network segment using a vehicle in flight or a vehicle operating in space as a receiver, or a combination thereof.

[0182] According to embodiments of the present invention, the user device is an IoT device such as a power limiting UE, or a UE used by pedestrians, also known as a vulnerable road user (VRU) or pedestrian UE (P-UE), a handheld UE, or an on-body or handheld UE used by public safety personnel and first responders, also known as a public safety UE (PS-UE), or an IoT device such as a sensor, actuator, or UE provided in a premises network to perform repetitive tasks and requesting input from a gateway node, a mobile terminal, or a fixed terminal at periodic intervals. The system comprises one or more of the following: a UE, or cellular IoT-UE, or vehicle UE, or vehicle group leader (GL) UE, or sidelink relay, or IoT or narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) device, or wearable device such as a smartwatch, or fitness tracker, or smart glasses, or ground vehicle, or aircraft, or drone, or mobile base station, or roadside unit (RSU), or building, or any other item or device provided with a network connection that enables the item / device to communicate using a wireless communication network, such as a sensor or actuator, or any other item or device provided with a network connection that enables the item / device to communicate using a sidelink of a wireless communication network, such as a sensor or actuator, or any sidelink-enabled network entity.

[0183] According to embodiments of the present invention, a network entity comprises one or more of the following: a macrocell base station, or a small cell base station, or a central unit of a base station, or a distributed unit of a base station, or a roadside unit (RSU), or a remote radio head, or an AMF, or MME, or SMF, or a core network entity, or a mobile edge computing (MEC) entity, or a network slice such as in an NR or 5G core context, or any transmit / receive point (TRP) that enables an item or device to communicate using a wireless communication network, wherein the item or device is provided with network connectivity for communicating using a wireless communication network.

[0184] While some aspects of the described concepts have been described in the context of apparatus, it is clear that these aspects further represent descriptions of corresponding methods, in which case blocks or devices correspond to method steps or features of method steps. Similarly, aspects described in the context of method steps further represent descriptions of corresponding blocks, items, or features of corresponding apparatus.

[0185] Various elements and features of the present invention are implemented in hardware using analog and / or digital circuits, in software through the execution of instructions by one or more general-purpose or dedicated processors, or as a combination of hardware and software. For example, embodiments of the present invention are implemented in the environment of a computer system or another processing system. Figure 16 shows an example of a computer system 600. The units or modules and the steps of the methods implemented in these units are performed in one or more computer systems 600. The computer system 600 includes one or more processors 602, such as dedicated or general-purpose digital signal processors. The processors 602 are connected to a communication infrastructure 604, such as a bus or network. The computer system 600 includes main memory 606, such as random access memory (RAM) and secondary memory 608, such as a hard disk drive and / or removable storage drive. The secondary memory 608 allows computer programs or other instructions to be loaded into the computer system 600. The computer system 600 further includes a communication interface 610 for transferring software and data between the computer system 600 and external devices. Communication is in the form of electronic, electromagnetic, optical, or other signals that can be handled by the communication interface. Communication uses wires or cables, optical fibers, telephone lines, cellular phone links, RF links, and other communication channels 612.

[0186] The terms “computer program medium” and “computer-readable medium” are generally used to refer to tangible storage media such as removable storage units or hard disks installed on hard disk drives. These computer programs are means for providing software to the computer system 600. The computer programs, also called computer control logic, are stored in main memory 606 and / or secondary memory 608. The computer programs are also received via the communication interface 610. When executed, the computer programs enable the computer system 600 to perform the present invention. In particular, when executed, the computer programs enable the processor 602 to perform the processes of the present invention, such as any of the methods described herein. Thus, such computer programs represent the controller of the computer system 600. If the present disclosure is implemented using software, the software is stored in the computer programs and loaded into the computer system 600 using interfaces such as removable storage drives and the communication interface 610.

[0187] The hardware or software implementations are carried out using digital storage media, such as cloud storage, floppy disks, DVDs, Blu-rays, CDs, ROMs, PROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, or flash memory, which store electronically readable control signals and which work with, or are capable of working with, a programmable computer system to carry out the respective methods. Thus, the digital storage media is computer-readable.

[0188] Some embodiments of the present invention include a data carrier having electronically readable control signals, which is capable of cooperating with a programmable computer system so as to carry out one of the methods described herein.

[0189] Generally, embodiments of the present invention are implemented as a computer program having program code, the program code being operable to perform one of the methods when the computer program is executed on a computer. The program code is stored, for example, on a machine-readable carrier.

[0190] Other embodiments include a computer program stored in a machine-readable carrier for carrying out one of the methods described herein. In other words, embodiments of the methods of the present invention are computer programs having program code for carrying out one of the methods described herein when the computer program is executed on a computer.

[0191] Further embodiments of the methods of the present invention are, therefore, data carriers or digital storage media, or computer-readable media containing a computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein. Further embodiments of the methods of the present invention are, therefore, data streams or sequences of signals representing a computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein. The data streams or sequences of signals are configured to be transmitted over a data communication connection, such as over the Internet. Further embodiments include processing means, such as a computer or a programmable logic device, configured or adapted to carry out one of the methods described herein. Further embodiments include a computer on which a computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein is installed.

[0192] In some embodiments, a programmable logic device, such as a field programmable gate array, is used to implement some or all of the functionality of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, the field programmable gate array cooperates with a microprocessor to implement one of the methods described herein. Generally, the methods are preferably implemented with any hardware device.

[0193] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It is understood that variations and modifications of the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to be limited only by the impending claims, and not by the specific details presented by the description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

[0194] [Table 6] TIFF0007868610000013.tif188170

[0195] Abbreviations [Table 7] TIFF0007868610000015.tif255161

Claims

1. A device for a wireless communication network, wherein the device is The wireless communication network comprises one or more antennas that receive wireless signals from one or more wireless access network (RAN) entities and / or user devices, The device receives the transmission and reception reference point (TRRP) and transmission and reception delay (TRD) information of the radio signal transmitted by the one or more antennas of each of the RAN entities and / or user devices, the TRD information including information about the signal delay between the TRRP and the baseband unit of the transmission / reception unit. The aforementioned TRRP, - Carrier frequency of the aforementioned wireless signal, - When using a spatial filter, the beam direction and / or power scaling on the antenna, - Antenna mode in the case of a multi-mode antenna, - Total output transmission power due to impedance changes It changes depending on one or more of the following parameters: A device in which one or more received TRRP and TRD information are used for a location determination process performed in the device or in a network entity far from the device, and the location determination process uses the received TRRP and TRD information to determine the location of the device.

2. The aforementioned one or more antennas • Multiple separate antennas, • Each antenna array has multiple antenna elements and The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising one or more of the above.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the TRRP of one or more antennas is a location or point where electromagnetic waves of the radio signal are generated, which is the phase center or radiation reference point of one or more antennas.

4. The aforementioned TRRP, - As an absolute position expressed in Cartesian format, spherical format, or World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinates, and / or The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is indicated as a position relative to a predetermined reference point that is an antenna connector or antenna position.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the TRRP is associated with a specific signal or spatial filter, and in the case of codebook-based transmission, the TRRP is associated with one or more codewords from the codebook.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the apparatus signals the apparatus's ability to calculate the TRRP for the one or more antennas of the apparatus.

7. The aforementioned device is - Access to the wireless communication network by the device, or a set or pre-set amount of deviation of the new TRRP from the current TRRP, and / or • Positioning measurement request, The apparatus according to claim 6, which signals the capability of the apparatus for calculating the TRRP in response to the above.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the apparatus is a UE and uses the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) to signal the location management function of the core of the wireless communication network to the apparatus's ability to calculate the TRRP.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the apparatus signals the TRRP with respect to a center frequency of a given NR operating band, a direction in which all beamforming weights are reset so as not to electronically scan beams in the aiming direction or away from the aiming direction, and one or more sets of intrinsic or fixed operating conditions, which are vertically polarized, horizontally polarized, left-circularly polarized, or right-circularly polarized.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the apparatus signals the TRRP with respect to one or more of the current operating conditions of the apparatus, namely the current operating frequency, the current beam direction, and the current polarization.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the apparatus signals the TRRP as an absolute position or as a relative position to a TRRP obtained by a predetermined or reference set of operating conditions.

12. The device responds to the request, - Regarding a set of specific or fixed operating conditions, or - Signal the TRRP regarding the current operating conditions of the device, and if the operating conditions are, - The current operating frequency - The current beam direction - The current polarization The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, comprising one or more of the above.

13. The aforementioned TRRP, - Explicitly or implicitly in the DCI of a RAN entity, The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 12, which is signaled via an over-the-top (OTT) channel connected to a database holding the TRRP.

14. The aforementioned TRRP, - Databases associated with Location Management Function (LMF) and Access and Mobility Function (AMF) - One or more gNBs, reference TRPs and relay nodes, - One or more UEs, The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which is stored in one or more of the following.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the TRRP and TRD information is provided as transmission / reception reference information (TRRI).

16. The TRD information includes delay information for one or more of the following: transceiver unit (TXRU) delay, transceiver array boundary, wireless distributed network, and physical antenna array. ・Tx / Rx TRRP Tx / Rx antenna connector Tx / Rx antenna Tx / Rx transceiver array boundary connector The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising information relating to one or more of the methods by which the TRD information was determined.

17. The TRD information includes the measured loopback delay from the first transmitting TRRP to the second receiving TRRP of the device, and each TRRP is associated with a different antenna of the device. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the measurement of the loopback delay is limited to TRRPs outside a specific range R. [Request Item 18] [Number 5] or [Math 6] The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein λ is the wavelength of the transmitted or received radio signal, R is the minimum range for determining the TRD, D is the distance separating the first and second TRRPs, and X is a scaling factor in the range of 0.01 to 3, where X is a scaling factor that is 2 between the two devices near the radiant near value of X, but can be modified or relaxed for TRD determination for the same device.

19. The apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, when performing a loopback delay measurement from the first transmitting TRRP to the second receiving TRRP, the apparatus does not use a Tx-RX spatial filter pair to determine the loopback delay within the range R.

20. TRD delay information reports the delay associated with spatial filters used for transmitting and / or receiving UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals used for a specific positioning method, which is SRS, PRS, CSI-RS, SSB, sidelink PRS, or other reference signals used for positioning. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the reported delay is selected based on the one or more Tx spatial filters used to transmit one or more of the UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals, and / or the one or more Rx spatial filters used to perform measurements on the UL or DL ​​positioning reference signals, which are RTOA, RSTD, UE Rx-Tx, gNB Rx-Tx.

21. In the case of DL and UL-based positioning methods that are multi-RTT or eCID, the UE is configured with a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay and a measurement gap to perform TRD measurement of the configured UL-PRS signal, and the TRP is configured with a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Tx-Rx delay. In the case of DL-TDOA, a DL-based positioning method, the UE consists of a UL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay and a measurement gap to perform TRD measurement of the configured UL-PRS signal. The apparatus according to claim 20, in a UL-based positioning method which is UL-TDOA, the TRP is configured in a DL-PRS configuration to determine the Rx delay.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the TRD is indicated explicitly by signaling an actual TRD associated with a specific reference signal (RS) or measurement, or implicitly by signaling a TRD indication.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, in the case of an implicit TRD, the TRD is indicated using one or more TRD identifiers, each TRD identifier representing the TRD associated with a particular reference signal (RS) and / or a particular measurement.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein two or more RS or measurement TRDs have the same TRD or have TRDs within a predetermined range of TRDs, and the TRDs are indicated using the same TRD identifier.

25. The apparatus includes a UE, In cases where the DL positioning method is used, each TRD identifier indicates the TRD used for receiving or measuring one or more of the DL positioning reference signals. The apparatus according to claim 23 or 24, wherein, in the case of using the UL positioning method, each TRD identifier indicates the TRD used for transmitting or measuring one or more of the UL positioning reference signals.

26. The apparatus includes a UE, The apparatus according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein, in cases where both DL positioning and UL positioning methods are used, each TRD identifier indicates the TRD used for receiving one or more DL positioning reference signals and transmitting one or more UL positioning reference signals.

27. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the apparatus receives the one or more TRD identifiers from the LMF.

28. In the case of using a positioning method that includes measurements at the first and second locations, the TRD indication is for UL or DL ​​and DL measurement or UL measurement. - One TRD identifier for UL transmission, and one TRD identifier for DL ​​reception, or The apparatus according to any one of claims 23 to 27, comprising one TRD identifier for DL ​​transmission and one TRD identifier for UL reception.

29. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the apparatus receives commands from a higher-layer interface in order to provide information about the TRD information.

30. In cases where the TRD information is provided by a network entity capable of simultaneously transmitting and / or receiving in different frequency portions, the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the TRD information indicates whether the TRD for the UL positioning reference signal and / or the DL measurement of the DL positioning reference signal in the first frequency portion and the second frequency portion are the same or within a predetermined range of the TRD.

31. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein the TRD information includes the bandwidth index of the different frequency portion.

32. The device includes a UE capable of simultaneously receiving one or more positioning reference signals in a first frequency portion and a second frequency portion. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the UE receives information from the wireless communication network about one or more TRDs in the TRP for the DL positioning reference signal in the first frequency portion and the second frequency portion, and the UE applies the received one or more TRDs to process the arrival time or direction arrival estimation of the DL positioning reference signal received from the first and second frequency portions.

33. The aforementioned position determination process, ・Angle of arrival (AoA) - Firing angle (AoD) ・Time of arrival (ToA) Flight time (ToF) - Time of arrival difference (TDOA) such as OTDOA and UL-TDOA Enhanced Cell ID NR-Multi-RTT The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 32, which operates according to one or more of the positioning methods.

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