Battery cells suitable for wireless communication of data signals, and a battery including at least one battery cell.

Abstract

To provide a battery cell which is adapted for wireless communication of data signals with a master management unit of a battery.SOLUTION: A battery includes at least one battery cell (10, 10'), the battery cell including in a housing structure at least one slave cell management unit (BMS), and at least one communication unit (14). The communication unit (14) performs wireless communication of data or parameter or measurement signals with a communication unit (24) of a master battery management unit (20). The battery cell includes means combined in a portion of a wall of the housing structure of the battery cell or forming a portion of an externally or internally configured plate disposed on a wall facing the communication unit (14) of the battery cell for enhancing or promoting good transmission / reception of radio frequency signals with the master battery management unit (20).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3c

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a battery cell adapted to wireless communication of data signals with a master management unit of a battery. 【0002】 The present invention further relates to a battery including at least one battery cell, wherein the battery cell is adapted to wireless communication of data signals with a master management unit of the battery. 【Background Art】 【0003】 A battery is composed of a plurality of battery cells connected in series or in parallel. These battery cells typically have different properties in terms of production, temperature distribution, or life curves. Also, the charge states of the battery cells often differ, which causes the battery to deteriorate and the operating efficiency to decrease. To optimize the capacity and life of the battery, a BMS (battery management system), which is an electronic system for controlling the charge state of the battery cells, has traditionally been used. This system balances the charge states of the battery cells by short-circuiting some specific battery cells or redistributing energy between the battery cells. 【0004】 In this regard, reference is made to European Patent B1, which describes a balancing unit mounted on a battery cell. This balancing unit includes means for measuring cell state parameters, wireless communication means for transmitting and receiving state parameters, and wireless energy transmission means. However, this wireless communication means is generally disposed within each battery cell, and when wirelessly communicating data to a cell balancing and data management system, wireless communication through the cell wall may encounter obstacles, which may adversely affect the successful processing of wireless data signals by the electronic system. 【0005】 European Patent Application EP3517350A1 describes a wireless battery management system and a battery pack equipped therewith. This wireless battery management system includes a master BMS configured to transmit a first radio frequency (RF) signal containing a status detection command on a first radio channel, and a plurality of slave BMSs connected to one or more battery modules in a one-to-one correspondence. Each slave BMS is configured to detect status information of the battery module connected to the corresponding slave BMS in response to the first RF signal and to transmit a second RF signal representing the status information of the battery module via the first radio channel. Since the transmission of bidirectional messages via wireless data or parameter RF signals takes place through the housing walls of each battery pack or battery cell, the transmission of bidirectional messages via RF signals through at least one wall of each cell housing may be reduced, obstructed, or interfered with by one or more types of materials of the walls constituting each cell housing. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem] 【0006】 In this context, the present invention relates to a battery cell adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages via data or parameter signals with a master battery management unit. The battery cell includes means that enable appropriate transmission of wireless bidirectional messages via RF data or parameter signals, which are combined with a portion of the wall of the cell housing and / or form a portion of a plate that is configured on the outside or inside, according to the features of independent claim 1. 【0007】 Dependent claims 2 to 8 specify particular forms of means for good wireless bidirectional transmission of RF data or parameter signals, which combine with or form a plate portion that is configured externally or internally with the wall portion of each battery cell. 【0008】 Another aspect of the present invention relates to a battery comprising at least one battery cell adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages via RF data or parameter signals to a battery master management unit or to an external battery, as described in the features of independent claim 9. 【0009】 Dependent claims 10 to 17 specify a particular form of a battery which may include one or more battery cells substantially connected in series with each other, wherein each battery cell combines with a wall portion of each battery cell and / or forms a plate portion on the outside or inside, and includes means for suitable radio transmission of bidirectional messages in the form of RF data or parameter signals. 【0010】 By reading the following description with reference to the drawings, the purpose, advantages, and properties of a battery cell including means for improving or enabling good reception or transmission of RF radio data or parameter signals, and a battery comprising at least one such battery cell, will become clearer. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0011】 [Figure 1a] Figure 1a shows various electrical or electronic components constituting a power supply battery, particularly for a vehicle, which includes a plurality of battery cells adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages via RF signals of data or parameters, along with one or two master battery management units for controlling each cell according to the present invention. [Figure 1b] Figure 1b shows one variation of Figure 1a concerning various electrical or electronic components constituting a power supply battery, particularly for vehicles, which includes several battery cells adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages of data or parameters via an RF coupler, along with one or two master control battery management units for each cell according to the present invention. [Figure 2a] Figure 2a shows a battery cell having two terminals, as present in the first implementation form of the present invention. [Figure 2b]Figure 2b shows a magnified view of the battery cell shown in Figure 2a. [Figure 2c] Figure 2c shows a first implementation configuration of the battery cell means, which improves the reception or transmission of data or parameter signals according to the present invention and includes a plate with through holes formed on the outside of the cell as shown in Figure 2a, at least one slave cell management unit (slave BMS), and at least one communication unit for wirelessly communicating bidirectional messages of data, parameter, or measurement signals with a communication unit of a master battery management system via an RF coupler. Figure 2c1 shows a partial cross-section of a battery cell according to the first implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 2c, where the means forming the portion of the plate is located on the outside of the cell. Figure 2c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant configuration of a battery cell according to the first implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 2c, where the means forming the portion of the plate is located on the inside of the cell. [Figure 3a] Figure 3a shows a battery cell with two terminals present in the second implementation embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3b] Figure 3b shows a magnified view of the battery cell shown in Figure 3a. [Figure 3c] Figure 3c shows a second implementation configuration of the battery cell means. This means improves the reception or transmission of data or parameter signals according to the present invention and includes a through-hole penetrating the wall portion of the battery cell as shown in Figure 3a, at least one slave cell management unit (slave BMS), and at least one communication unit for wirelessly communicating bidirectional messages of data, parameter, or measurement signals with a communication unit of a master battery management system via an RF coupler. Figure 3c1 shows a partial cross-section of a battery cell according to the second implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 3c, combined in the wall portion of the cell housing. Figure 3c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant configuration of the battery cell according to the second implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 3c. [Figure 4a] Figure 4a shows a battery cell with two terminals present in the third implementation form of the present invention. [Figure 4b] Figure 4b shows a magnified view of the battery cell shown in Figure 4a. [Figure 4c] Figure 4c shows a third implementation configuration of the means for a battery cell. This means improves the reception or transmission of data or parameter signals according to the present invention and includes a plate with through holes located on the outside of the battery cell, through holes penetrating the wall portion of the battery cell as shown in Figure 4a, at least one slave cell management unit (slave BMS), and at least one communication unit for wirelessly communicating bidirectional messages of data, parameter, or measurement signals with a communication unit of a master battery management system via an RF coupler. Figure 4c1 shows a partial cross-section of a battery cell according to the third implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 4c, assembled in the wall portion of the cell housing, with the means forming the plate portion located on the outside of the cell. Figure 4c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant configuration of a battery cell according to the third implementation configuration of the means as shown in Figure 4c, with the means forming the plate portion located on the inside of the cell. [Figure 5] Figures 5a to 5c show three embodiments of means relating to the first and third implementation forms, which are attached to each cell of a battery to improve the transmission and reception of RF data or parameter signals according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0012】 In the following description, the term "battery" generally refers to a battery that supplies power to a vehicle, primarily an automobile. However, the term "vehicle" may also mean a boat, submarine, aircraft, train, construction machine, or other vehicle that may be powered by a battery for operation or movement. 【0013】 According to the present invention, in order to improve the transmission of bidirectional messages by RF signals, it is possible to maintain the function of the battery thanks to means that combine in portions of the wall of the cell housing and / or form plate portions that constitute the outside or inside. Each of these means is in contact with a polymer layer, which maintains quality in terms of impermeability to liquids, duoxygen (O2), and moisture over the long term. 【0014】 According to the present invention, the means for forming the outer portion of the plate means means that are assembled on a plate mounted on the outer wall portion of the battery cell housing. Similarly, the means for forming the inner portion of the plate means means that are assembled on a plate mounted on the inner wall portion of the battery cell housing. According to the present invention, the means that are assembled on the wall portion of the cell housing means means that are present on the wall portion of the cell housing. 【0015】 Various types of battery cells can be used. A battery cell can be a "pouch-type" cell. Such a pouch-type cell is manufactured by housing all its electronic or electrical components in a vacuum casing. A second type of cell is a "prism-type" cell, which is a plastic or metal case housing all the electronic or electrical components. Finally, a third form of cell is one with a cylindrical shape, containing all the electronic components, including those used for wireless communication with a master or centralized battery management unit. 【0016】 Electrical components for different types of cells include one or more electrochemical units for generating electrical energy. 【0017】 Each electrochemical unit includes electrodes containing active materials, namely positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, and an electrolyte that is susceptible to moisture and duoxygen (O2) or air. 【0018】 Each electrochemical unit or plurality of electrochemical units can optionally include a protective coating that protects the unit from moisture and dioxygen (O2) or air. 【0019】 The cell further includes a current collector, terminal, or tab for delivering electrical energy. 【0020】 Each cell wall or cell housing wall of the battery cell casing has an inner surface and an outer surface, and each wall can be a single layer or a multi-layer. Each layer of the cell housing wall includes a metal or a polymer. 【0021】 The cell housing wall having an inner surface and an outer surface is an insulating wall. In particular, the outer surface of the cell housing wall is typically coated with an insulating material that ensures electrical neutrality with respect to its surface. The inner surface may be electrically neutral or may not be neutral. 【0022】 A single-layer cell housing wall of a battery cell casing containing a metal is typically coated with an insulating material that gives electrical neutrality to the outer surface of the cell housing. 【0023】 The battery includes at least one battery cell for supplying electrical power when charged by positive and negative output terminals for the operation or movement of a vehicle within a housing not shown. For example, in the case of a pouch cell, one or more tabs present in the electrochemical unit of the pouch cell are electrically connected to raise the output terminals. In the battery housing, the battery includes at least one battery cell. However, such a battery can include a plurality of battery cells, which are preferably connected in series with each other so that all cells provide supply voltage to the positive and negative output terminals of the battery. Also, the cells of the battery may be connected in parallel, or a combination of cells connected in parallel and cells connected in series may be combined. 【0024】 Each battery cell comprises one or more electrochemical units containing an electrolyte that can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gel (or semi-solid) within the housing structure. 【0025】 Each cell includes various electronic components, as described below with reference to Figures 1a and 1b, which include a cell or battery management unit and a communication unit including at least one antenna in Figure 1a, or an RF coupler for radio frequency signals such as short-range wireless communication (Figure 1b). The cell communication unit also enables the transmission of data, parameters, or measurement signals, such as the battery charge status, via the same receiving antenna or a separate transmitting antenna. In this case, it is preferable to use the same antenna for transmitting and receiving radio data or parameter signals. 【0026】 To wirelessly receive radio frequency signals from all battery cells, on the one hand, a cable is provided to connect a master management control unit within the battery to control all battery cells, and on the other hand, this cable is positioned near each transmitting and receiving antenna of the battery cells in a short-range wireless communication configuration to communicate wirelessly with each battery cell and constitute short-range wireless communication. 【0027】 Means for improving and facilitating the good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals can be achieved by utilizing a plate having various through-holes formed in direct contact with at least one polymer layer. Each polymer layer is impermeable to liquids, and to double oxygen (O2) and moisture. 【0028】 Another means of improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of data, parameters, or measurement signals can be achieved by utilizing a cell housing in which various through-holes are directly formed and in direct contact with at least one polymer layer. Each polymer layer is impermeable to liquids, and to double oxygen (O2) and moisture. 【0029】 Another means of improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of data, parameters, or measurement signals can be achieved by combining a cell housing with various through-holes directly formed therein and a plate with various through-holes formed therein. The through-holes formed in the cell housing and the through-holes formed in the plate are aligned. Furthermore, these aligned through-holes are in direct contact with at least one polymer layer, which is impermeable to liquids and to double oxygen (O2) and moisture. 【0030】 In the respective mounting configurations shown in Figures 2c, 3c, and 4c, each through-hole and each polymer layer in direct contact with the through-hole transmit electromagnetic signals necessary for bidirectional communication, allowing the RF coupler to exchange communication signals through them. 【0031】 According to the present invention described below, each battery cell includes means for improving and facilitating the wireless reception of data or parameter signals, in particular by proximity radio frequency signals transmitted by cables located near each battery cell. Several alternative designs are described below with reference to the drawings, and various means used to improve and facilitate the wireless reception of data or parameter signals and the transmission of RF data or parameter signals from each cell to the master control unit in the battery. However, it is also conceivable that cables within the battery are not used for wireless transmission and reception of data, parameter, or measurement signals, particularly from each cell of interest and the master control unit. 【0032】 Generally, a battery contains multiple battery cells, and these alternative design cells are typically connected one by one in series by external electrical terminals. The voltage of each cell is generally controlled to ensure that the charge is evenly redistributed within each individual cell without damaging the battery. 【0033】 Figure 1a shows a specific case of battery 1, which typically includes at least a first battery cell 10 along with a group 11 of different electronic components, these electronic components may be connected to each other or at least to electrical connection terminals 2 and 3, which typically protrude from the top wall of the casing structure of the cell 10 for electrical connection with other cells or components of battery 1. 【0034】 The battery 1 also includes a first battery management unit or system 20 which is responsible for communicating with the first cell 10. If the battery 1 includes multiple cells, for example, two cells 10 and 10', the first master battery management unit can wirelessly communicate with the second cell 10' of the battery 1 to monitor, for example, the charge status 15 of each cell, various parameters, temperature, identifiers of each cell or other elements of the cells. Communication between the master-defined battery management unit 20 and the slave-defined cells 10, 10' provided in the battery 1 is by wireless communication using RF radio frequency signals. Typically, the battery 1 may include an electrical cable 4, which is located near the wireless communication units 14 of cells 10, 10' in the battery 1. As shown in Figure 1a, communication is performed, for example, by transmitting bidirectional wireless messages of data or parameter signals 5 via the cable 4, which is connected at one end to a communication unit 24 of the first master battery management unit 20 and at the other end to a communication unit 14 of each cell. 【0035】 First, each cell 10, 10' wirelessly receives an RF signal transmitted by the first active master battery management unit 20, and in response to a request from the active master battery management unit 20, the first cell 10 shown in the figure transmits an RF signal via the connecting cable 4 in response to the active master battery management unit 20. 【0036】 In Figure 1a, for simplicity, only two battery cells, battery cells 10 and 10', are shown, but several other battery cells can also be provided. A second master battery management unit 20' can also be provided, which is in a passive state when the first master battery management unit 20 is active. However, these two battery management units 20 and 20' can wirelessly transmit bidirectional messages of data, parameters, or measurement signals transmitted wirelessly by each cell 10 and 10' of battery 1 via RF signals using a communication unit 24. Each master battery management unit 20 and redundant master 20' are provided with electronic components 25 for monitoring the total voltage and total current 26 of the battery. 【0037】 Figure 1b shows one of the variant configurations of the battery shown in Figure 1a. RF couplers 28 are positioned along the cable 4 near each cell 10, 10' of the battery 1, and each RF coupler 28 is connected to a metal wire 27 by an open annular portion of the cable 4. In each circuit 10, 10', an RF coupler 14 is provided in connection with a communication unit for transmitting bidirectional messages transmitted by RF signals 5 of data, parameters, or measurement signals. 【0038】 A first implementation of a battery cell means for improving, enhancing, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages of data, parameters, or measurement signals using RF signals is described below with reference to Figures 2a-2c, 2c1, and 2c2. 【0039】 Figure 2a shows a front view of a first cell 10 present in a first implementation of a battery cell means adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages via RF signals of data or parameter signals with a master battery management unit (Figure 2c). The first cell 10 has first and second cell housing walls 40 and 40a (Figures 2a-2c, 2c1, 2c2). Both cell housing walls 40 and 40a have an outer surface and an inner surface. Terminals 2 and 3 are output terminals of the battery cell and establish an electrical connection. 【0040】 The first wall 40 of the first cell 10 includes means 30, 31 through holes 31 formed in an insulating plate 30, enabling proper transmission of wireless bidirectional messages by RF signals of data or parameter signals. The plate 30 with the through holes 31 is attached to the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40. The through holes 31 are in direct contact with the polymer layer 32 (Figures 2a-2c, 2c1, 2c2). The dotted lines (Figures 2a-2c) indicate that the through holes 31 are formed behind the polymer layer 32. 【0041】 Figure 2b shows an enlarged view of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 2a. The first cell 10 has first and second cell housing walls 40 and 40a. Each cell wall 40 has an inner surface 43 and an outer surface 44 (Figures 2a-2c, 2c1 and 2c2). Each cell wall 40a has an inner surface 43a (Figure 2b) and an outer surface 44a (not shown). 【0042】 The first cell 10 further includes a second electrode 46, a first separator 47, and two first electrodes 45 flanking the second separator 48. The first electrodes 45 have tabs 451 and 452. The second electrode 46 has a tab 461. 【0043】 The two first electrodes 45, the second electrode 46, and the first and second separators 47 and 48 are assembled according to the latest technology. Tabs 451, 452 and 461 are present for electrical connection. This electrode and separator assembly is an electrochemical unit 29, which includes an electrolyte not shown in Figure 2b. Terminal 2 of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 2a is obtained by bringing tabs 451 and 452 (Figure 2b) into contact with each other. Terminal 3 shown in Figure 2a is tab 461 shown in Figure 2b. 【0044】 The electrochemical unit 29 is sealed from the external environment under vacuum using the first and second housing walls 40, 40a. 【0045】 The cell housing walls 40 and 40a can be single-layered or multi-layered. 【0046】 The cell housing wall 40 may contain a polymer that can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene entererephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The cell housing wall 40 may further contain a metal that can be selected from the group consisting of aluminum and steel. The areas of the cell housing wall 40 containing metal may contain an additional insulating layer to provide electrical neutrality to the entire cell housing wall 40. 【0047】 Figure 2c shows a first implementation of means 30, 31 for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages by RF signals of data, parameters, or measurement signals from the first cell 10 after a signal previously transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20. The signal transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20 is transmitted to the first cell 10 directly wirelessly or via a cable 4 to which a coupler 28 (Figure 1b) is attached, positioned on the opposite side of each antenna (not shown) of the communication unit (COM) of the first cell 10 or the second cell 10', as shown in particular in Figure 1b. 【0048】 Means for improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals can be achieved by utilizing a plate 30 having various through-holes 31 formed in direct contact with a polymer layer 32. The polymer layer 32 is impermeable to liquids, dual oxygen (O2), and moisture, and allows access to a communication antenna (not shown) of the first cell 10, which is generally located within the housing structure of the first cell 10. The antenna of the communication unit 14 of the first cell 10 may first be configured to receive a transmission signal. The through-holes, which are of various shapes, may be the same size or of various sizes. 【0049】 The first cell 10 includes a wireless communication unit 14, which is typically mounted within the cell housing structure or located within the cell. The communication unit can be directly linked to an RF coupler in the communication unit, which typically includes an antenna (not shown), which can be used for both receiving and transmitting RF radio frequency signals to the first master battery management unit 20. 【0050】 As shown in Figure 2c, the RF signal transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20 travels through cable 4 to the communication unit of the first cell 10 (cell 1) or another cell. Cable 4 is configured to wirelessly transmit bidirectional messages using RF signals for data, parameters, or measurement signals in a plate 30 with a through-hole 31, and is located between the first master battery management unit 20 and the wireless communication unit 14 of the first cell 10. The communication unit (COM) is indicated by a dotted line, signifying its presence within the cell. 【0051】 More generally, means of improving and facilitating good reception of radio frequency signals by the wireless communication unit 14 of the first cell 10 involve forming a through hole 31 at the location of an antenna (not shown), which may be an antenna made on a printed circuit of the communication unit 14 of the first cell 10. 【0052】 The first cell 10 (cell 1) has insulating cell walls 40 (Figures 2a-2c, 2c1, 2c2) and 40a (Figure 2b, 2c1, 2c2) that insulate the housing structure, enabling the correct transmission and reception of signals. The wireless communication unit 14 of the group 11 of different electronic components of the first cell 10 also includes an insulating housing structure, enabling the correct transmission and reception of signals. 【0053】 In this first implementation configuration, the through-hole 31 is formed to pass through a plate 30 made of an insulating material and is fixed to the insulating wall portion facing the wireless communication unit (COM) 14. The through-hole 31 formed in the plate 30 is in direct contact with the polymer layer 32 (Figures 2a-2c, 2c1, 2c2). 【0054】 The insulating plate 30 may contain a polymer, which can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 【0055】 The polymer layer 32 can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene enterephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The polymer layer 32 in direct contact with the through hole 31 can be joined to the plate 30 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0056】 The plate 30 can be attached to the outer surface 44 or inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40 of the first cell 10 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0057】 In one variation of the first implementation form, the insulating walls 40 and 40a can be single-layered or multi-layered. 【0058】 In one of the variations of the first implementation form, the polymer layer 32 that is in direct contact with the through hole 31 may be omitted. 【0059】 The dashed line 2c11 in Figure 2c represents a cross-section along this dashed line 2c11, showing the cross-section of the cell (cell 1), in particular the various means 30 and 31 for improving, promoting, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages. 【0060】 Figures 2c1 and 2c2 show cross-sections of cell 1 along line 2c11. Figure 2c also shows a top view of the cell wall 40 of the first cell 10, which includes means for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages, and Figures 2c1 and 2c2 show cross-sections of the first cell 10 rotated 90° along line 2c11. 【0061】 Figure 2c1 shows a cross-section of the battery cell 10 shown in Figure 2c. The electrochemical unit 29 of the cell 10 is located between the first and second cell housing walls 40 and 40a inside the first cell 10. This figure shows a plate 30 with through holes 31 located on the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40. The plate 30 is sandwiched between the polymer layer 32 and the outer surface 44 of the first cell 10. The through holes 31 formed in the plate 30 are in direct contact with the polymer layer 32. A group of different electronic components 11, which includes a wireless communication unit 14, are located directly on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. 【0062】 Figure 2c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant of the battery cell according to the first mounting configuration shown in Figure 2c, where the means forming the plate portion is located on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. Figure 2c2 differs from Figure 2c1 in that it shows a plate 30 with through holes 31 present on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. A polymer layer 32 is sandwiched between the plate 30 and a group of different electronic components 11, which include a wireless communication unit 14. 【0063】 A second implementation of a battery cell means for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages of data, parameters, or measurement signals using RF signals is described below with reference to Figures 3a-3c, 3c1, and 3c2. 【0064】 Figure 3a shows a front view of the first cell 10 in a second implementation of the battery cell means adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages of data or parameter signals via RF signals with a master battery management unit. Figure 3a differs from Figure 2a in that the first wall 40 of the first cell 10 is multilayered and includes means 41 (through-holes 41) formed in the wall portion 411 of the cell housing wall 40, enabling proper transmission of bidirectional wireless messages of RF data or parameter signals. Figure 3a also differs from Figure 2a in that a plate 30 with through-holes 31 is not used, and instead the through-holes 41 are formed directly on the first cell housing wall 40. 【0065】 The cell housing walls 40 and 40a have three layers 4111, 4112, and 4113. A through-hole 41 formed in the first cell housing wall 40 penetrates all layers 4111, 4112, and 4113 of the cell wall 40. The through-hole 41 is in direct contact with the polymer layer 42 (Figures 3a-3c, 3c1). The dotted line indicates that the polymer layer 42 is located within the first cell 10 (cell 1). 【0066】 Figure 3b shows an enlarged view of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 3a. Figure 3b differs from Figure 2b in that the first wall 40 and the second wall 40a in Figure 3a are multilayered, and the through-hole 41 formed in the first cell housing wall 40 penetrates all layers 4111, 4112, and 4113 of the cell wall 40. Also, the through-hole 41 is in direct contact with the polymer layer 42 (Figures 3a-3c, 3c1). The dotted line indicates that the polymer layer 42 is located within the first cell 10 (cell 1). Figure 3c also differs from Figure 2c in that the plate 30 with the through-hole 31 is not used, and instead the through-hole 41 is formed directly in the first cell housing wall 40. 【0067】 Typically, layer 4112 contains a metal which can be selected from the group consisting of aluminum and steel. Typically, layers 4111 and 4113 contain a polymer which can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene entererephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 【0068】 The polymer layer 42 that is in direct contact with the through hole 41 can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene enterephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and is attached to the inner surface 43 or outer surface 44 of the first wall portion 40 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0069】 Figure 3c shows a second implementation of means 41 for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages by RF signals of data, parameters, or measurement signals from the first cell 10 after a signal previously transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20. The signal transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20 is transmitted to the first cell 10 directly wirelessly or via a cable 4 to which a coupler 28 (Figure 1b) is attached, which is located on the opposite side of each antenna (not shown) of the communication unit (COM) of the first cell 10 or the second cell 10', as shown in particular in Figure 1b. 【0070】 Figure 3c differs from Figure 2c in that a means for improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of data, parameters, or measurement signals is achieved by utilizing a cell housing in which various through-holes 41 are directly formed. The through-holes 41 are in direct contact with a polymer layer 42. The polymer layer 42 is impermeable to liquids, double oxygen (O2), and moisture. 【0071】 Means for improving and promoting good reception of radio frequency signals by the wireless communication unit 14 of the first cell 10 include providing a through hole 41 at the location of an antenna (not shown) which may be an antenna made on a printed circuit of the communication unit 14 of the first cell 10. 【0072】 In one of the variant forms of the second implementation, the first and second cell housing walls 40 and 40a can be single-layered. 【0073】 The dashed line 3c11 in Figure 3c shows a line that cuts the cross-section of the cell (cell 1), in particular, representing the various means 41 and 42 that are combined in the partial wall to improve, facilitate, or make the correct transmission of bidirectional messages. 【0074】 Figures 3c1 and 3c2 show cross-sections of cell 1 along line 3c11. Figure 3c shows a top view of the cell wall 40 of the first cell 10, which includes means for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages, and Figures 3c1 and 3c2 show the cross-section of the first cell 10 cut along line 3c11, rotated 90°. 【0075】 Figure 3c1 shows a cross-section of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 3c. Figure 3c1 differs from Figure 2c1 in that the first cell walls 40, 40a shown in Figure 3c1 have three separate layers 4111, 4112, and 4113, all of which have through-holes 41 penetrating through all layers. Figure 3c1 also differs from Figure 2c1 in that there is no plate 30 with through-holes 31. The polymer layer 42 is in direct contact with the through-holes 41 and is directly located on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. The polymer layer 42 is sandwiched between the group of different electronic components 11, which contain the wireless communication unit 14, and the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. 【0076】 Figure 3c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant of a battery cell relating to a second implementation embodiment of the means shown in Figure 3c. Figure 3c2 differs from Figure 3c1 in that the polymer layer 42 is in direct contact with the through hole 41 and is located directly on the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40. A group of different electronic components 11, including the wireless communication unit 14, are located directly on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. 【0077】 A third implementation of a battery cell means for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages of data, parameters, or measurement signals via RF signals is described below with reference to Figures 4a-4c, 4c1, and 4c2. 【0078】 Figure 4a shows a front view of the first cell 10 in a third implementation configuration of the battery cell means adapted for wireless communication of bidirectional messages via RF signals of data or parameter signals with a master battery management unit. Figure 4a differs from Figure 2a in that the first cell housing wall 40 and the second housing wall 40a of the first cell 10 are multilayered. Figure 4a also differs from Figure 3a in that the first wall 40 includes means 30, 31 in addition to means 41, and through holes 31 are formed in the insulating plate 30, and the through holes 41 penetrate all layers of the first housing wall 40. The through holes 31 and 41 are aligned to enable proper transmission of bidirectional wireless messages via RF signals of data or parameter signals. The plate 30 with the through holes 31 is attached to the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40. The through holes 31 are in direct contact with the polymer layer 32 (Figures 4a-4c, 4c1, 4c2). The dotted lines indicate that the through holes 31 and 41 are behind the polymer layer 32 or 42 (Figures 4a-4c, 4c1, 4c2). 【0079】 Figure 4b shows an enlarged view of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 4a. Figure 4b differs from Figure 2b in that the first wall 40 and the second wall 40a of the first cell 10 are multilayered, and the through-hole 41 formed in the first cell housing wall 40 penetrates all layers 4111, 4112, and 4113 of the cell wall 40. In addition, the through-hole 41 is in direct contact with the polymer layer 42 (Figures 4c1 and 4c2). The polymer layer 42 is not shown in Figures 4a-4c. 【0080】 Typically, layer 4112 contains a metal which can be selected from the group consisting of aluminum and steel. Typically, layers 4111 and 4113 contain a polymer which can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene entererephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 【0081】 The polymer layer 42 that is in direct contact with the through hole 41 can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene enterephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and is attached to the inner surface 43 or outer surface 44 of the first housing wall 40 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0082】 The plate 30 can be attached to the outer surface 44 or inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40 of the first cell 10 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0083】 Figure 4c shows a third implementation of means 31 on plate 30 and means 41 (through-holes 41) penetrating all layers of the first wall 40 for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages by RF signals of data, parameters, or measurement signals from the first cell 10 after a signal previously transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20. The signal transmitted by the first master battery management unit 20 is transmitted to the first cell 10 directly wirelessly or via cable 4 to which couplers 28 (Figure 1b) are attached, which are located opposite each antenna (not shown) of the communication unit (COM) of the first cell 10 or the second cell 10', as shown in particular in Figure 1b. 【0084】 Figure 4c differs from Figure 2c in that a means of improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of data, parameters, or measurement signals is achieved by utilizing a cell housing in which various holes 41 are directly formed and in direct contact with a polymer layer 42. The polymer layer 42 is impermeable to liquids, double oxygen (O2), and moisture. The cell housing wall 40 has three layers, as described with reference to Figure 4a. 【0085】 Figure 4c differs from Figure 3c in that a means for improving and facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of data, parameters, or measurement signals is achieved by a composite means comprising a plate 30 having through-holes 31 formed on the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40 and through-holes 41 penetrating all layers of the cell wall 40. Both through-holes 31 and 41 are aligned in the cell housing wall 40. The through-holes 31 and 41 are in direct contact with polymer layers 32 and 42, respectively. The polymer layers 32 and 42 are impermeable to liquids, double oxygen (O2), and moisture. 【0086】 In one variation of the third implementation form, the insulating walls 40 and 40a can be single-layer. 【0087】 The dashed line 4c11 in Figure 4c shows a line that cuts the cross-section of the cell (cell 1), in particular, representing the various means 31 and 41 combined in the partial wall to improve, facilitate, or make the correct transmission of bidirectional messages easier. 【0088】 Figures 4c1 and 4c2 show cross-sections of cell 1 along line 4c11. Figure 4c shows a top view of the first cell wall 40 of the first cell 10, which includes means for improving, facilitating, or facilitating the correct transmission of bidirectional messages, and Figures 4c1 and 4c2 show cross-sections of the first cell 10 cut along line 4c11, rotated 90°. 【0089】 Figure 4c1 shows a cross-section of the first cell 10 shown in Figure 4c. Figure 4c1 differs from Figure 2c1 in that the first cell wall 40 shown in Figure 4c1 has three separate layers 4111, 4112, and 4113, all of which have through holes 41 penetrating through all layers. The polymer layer 42 is in direct contact with the through holes 41 and is directly positioned on the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40. The polymer layer 42 is sandwiched between the inner surface 43 of the first cell housing wall 40 and a group of different electronic components 11, which contains the wireless communication unit 14. Figure 4c1 differs from Figure 3c1 in that a plate 30 with through holes 31 is positioned on the outer surface 44 of the first cell wall 40. The polymer layer 32 is in direct contact with the through holes 31. Otherwise, the plate 30 would be sandwiched between the polymer layer 32 and the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing wall 40. 【0090】 Figure 4c2 shows a partial cross-section of one variant of a battery cell relating to a third implementation embodiment of the means shown in Figure 4c. Figure 4c2 differs from Figure 4c1 in that the plate 30 having the through-hole 31 is positioned on the inner wall 43 of the first housing wall 40. The polymer layer 32 in direct contact with the through-hole 31 is sandwiched between the plate 30 having the through-hole 31 and a group of different electronic components 11 containing the wireless communication unit 14. 【0091】 In one of the variations of the third implementation form, the polymer layer 42 is in direct contact with the through hole 41 and can be attached to both the inner surface 43 and the outer surface 44 of the first cell housing 40. 【0092】 The polymer layer 42 is fixed to the inner surface 43 and / or outer surface 44 of the first cell wall 40 using fastening means such as adhesive or welding. 【0093】 In another variant of the third implementation form, the polymer layer 32 or polymer layer 42 is omitted. 【0094】 The polymer layer 42 is fixed to the inner surface 43 and / or outer surface 44 of the first cell wall 40 using fastening means such as adhesive or welding. 【0095】 The insulating plate 30 may contain a polymer, which can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 【0096】 The polymer layer 32 can be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene enterephthalate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The polymer layer 32 in direct contact with the through hole 31 can be joined to the plate 30 using attachment means such as adhesive or welding. 【0097】 The through holes 31 in the first and third mounting configurations of the means, and the through holes 41 in the second and third mounting configurations of the means, typically have a diameter of 0.1 to 15 μm. The through holes 41 preferably have a diameter of 0.2 to 12 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 10 μm. The dimensional configuration of the through holes 31 can be comparable to that of the through holes 41. The dimensional configuration of the through holes 31 can be larger than that of the through holes 41 shown in Figures 4a to 4c, 4c1 and 4c2. 【0098】 Figures 2c to 4c show the BMS1 slave using dotted lines, indicating that the BMS1 slave is located within the first cell 10 situated on the cell wall 40. The BMS1 slave may also be located outside the first cell 10. 【0099】 Figure 5a shows one means of improving or facilitating good reception of radio frequency signals generated by a communication unit of a master battery management system, as described above with reference to Figures 2c and 4c. This composite means is provided using a first plate 30" having vertical openings 31' arranged parallel to each other and preferably equally spaced, in this case vertically. For this composite means, a second plate 30" is provided with vertical openings 31" arranged parallel to each other vertically and preferably equally spaced horizontally. The first plate 30' can be mounted on the second plate 30'', or vice versa, to form a plate assembly. Thus, by combining the vertical longitudinal opening 31' of the first plate 30' with the horizontal longitudinal opening 31'' of the second plate 30'', an opening is created that allows access to each communication unit of each cell, which has the means for improving and facilitating the reception of radio frequency signals. Naturally, it may also be possible to directly access the antenna of the radio communication unit 14 of each battery cell. Under such conditions, this combined means provides a significant improvement in the reception of communications. In this case, an insulating layer can be added through the opening in the housing structure of the first battery cell. 【0100】 Figure 5b shows another embodiment of means for improving or facilitating good reception of radio frequency signals, generally from the communication unit of a master battery management system, as described above with reference to Figures 2c and 4c. In this embodiment, the first and second plates shown in Figure 3a can be directly combined, or a plate can be designed with square or substantially rectangular openings, and spaces can be generated or formed between each opening at a predetermined depth in the plate 30 by means of a machining laser beam or other machining techniques. 【0101】 In the third embodiment shown in Figure 5c, it is recommended to use only one plate 30 with a single opening 31 that passes through the plate completely, so that at least one antenna of the radio communication unit 14 of each battery cell 10 or 10' can be placed on it without protection. However, it is also recommended to have a single opening 31 and to mount a protective plate on top of the communication unit 14 of each battery cell 10, 10'. This protective plate should be made of a material that does not interfere with radio frequency signals. 【0102】 Naturally, in these three alternative embodiments of means combined to improve or facilitate the transmission of radio frequency signals, it is also possible to establish short-range wireless communication via a cable 4 connected to at least one communication unit 24 of the master battery management unit 20, as described above with reference to Figure 1a or 1b. 【0103】 Without departing from the scope of the independent claims described above, different embodiments of composite means for enhancing or facilitating the reception of radio frequency signals, generally from a master battery management unit, are also conceivable. [Explanation of Symbols] 【0104】 2, 3 terminals 4 Cables 5. Data, parameters, or measurement signals 10, 10' battery cells 14 Communication Unit 20, 20' Master Battery Management System 24 Communication Units 27 Metal wire 28 RF Coupler 30, 30', 30" plates 31', 31” vertical opening 31, 41 Through holes 32, 42 Polymer layer 40, 40a Cell Housing Wall 43. Inner self 44 Exterior

Claims

[Claim 1] A battery cell (10, 10') having a housing structure that includes at least one slave cell management unit (slave BMS) and at least one communication unit (14), The communication unit (14) communicates bidirectional messages via wireless communication with the communication unit (24) of the master battery management system (20) using data, parameters, or measurement signals. The battery cell includes means for enhancing or promoting good bidirectional transmission of radio frequency signals, which are combined in a portion of the wall structure of the battery cell and / or form a portion of a plate configured on the outside or inside of the wall of the battery cell facing the communication unit (14), Means for enhancing or promoting good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals are achieved by using through holes or a plurality of through holes (41) in the housing structure that are in direct contact with the polymer layer (42), The polymer layer (42) is impermeable to water, moisture, or dual oxygen, but allows electromagnetic waves to pass through, enabling access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10'). A battery cell (10, 10') characterized by the following. [Claim 2] A battery cell (10, 10') comprising, within a housing structure, at least one slave cell management unit (slave BMS) and at least one communication unit (14), The communication unit (14) communicates bidirectional messages via wireless communication with the communication unit (24) of the master battery management system (20) using data, parameters, or measurement signals. The battery cell includes means for enhancing or promoting good bidirectional transmission of radio frequency signals, which are combined in a portion of the wall structure of the battery cell and / or form a portion of a plate configured on the outside or inside of the wall of the battery cell facing the communication unit (14), Means for enhancing or facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals are achieved by utilizing the plate (30), which is in direct contact with the polymer layer (32) and has through holes or a plurality of through holes (31) drilled in it. The polymer layer (32) is impermeable to water, moisture, or dual oxygen, but allows electromagnetic waves to pass through, enabling access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10'). A battery cell (10, 10') characterized by the following. [Claim 3] The battery cells (10, 10') are configured to communicate with the battery via electrical cables (4) located near each wireless communication unit (14) of the battery cells (10, 10') within the battery. Communication can be performed by wirelessly transmitting data, parameters, or measurement signals (5) to the communication units (24) of the master battery management system (20) and the redundant master battery management system (20'), and to the communication units (14) of each battery cell (10, 10') via cables (4) connected thereto. The battery cell (10, 10') according to feature 1 or 2. [Claim 4] The plurality of through holes (31) that are in direct contact with the polymer layers (32, 42) which are impermeable to water, moisture, or dual oxygen but allow electromagnetic waves to pass through, are of the same or varying sizes to allow access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each of the battery cells (10, 10'). The battery cell (10, 10') according to feature 1. [Claim 5] Means for enhancing or facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals are achieved by utilizing a first plate (30') and a second plate (30'') provided for means combining these, The first plate (30') has vertical openings (31') that are arranged parallel to each other and regularly spaced apart in the vertical direction. The second plate (30") has vertical openings (31") which are arranged parallel to each other and regularly spaced apart horizontally. The battery cell (10, 10') according to feature 1 or 2. [Claim 6] The second plate is attached to the first plate so as to be fixed to it. The battery cell (10, 10') according to feature 5. [Claim 7] Means for enhancing or facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of the aforementioned data, parameters, or measurement signals are achieved by utilizing a plate (30) having a single opening (31) that allows direct access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each battery cell. The battery cell (10, 10') according to feature 1 or 2. [Claim 8] A battery comprising at least one battery cell (10, 10'), The battery cell includes, within the housing structure, at least one slave cell management unit (BMS) and at least one communication unit (14) for wirelessly transmitting data signals, parameter signals, or measurement signals to a communication unit (24) of a master battery management system (20). The battery cell includes composite means for enhancing or promoting good reception of radio frequency signals with the master battery management system (20), which are located in a portion of the wall of the housing structure or form a portion of a plate composed of an exterior positioned on a wall facing the communication unit (14), Means for enhancing or promoting good wireless transmission and reception of the data signal, parameter signal, or measurement signal are achieved by using through holes or a plurality of through holes (41) in the housing structure that are in direct contact with a polymer layer (42) that is impermeable to water, moisture, or double oxygen (O2), and / or by using a plate (30) having through holes or a plurality of through holes (31) formed therein to allow each battery cell (10, 10') to access the communication antenna of the communication unit (14). A battery characterized by the following features. [Claim 9] The plurality of through holes (31) are of the same or varying sizes to allow access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10'). The battery according to feature 8. [Claim 10] It includes at least one cable (4) connected to a communication unit (24) of the master battery management system (20) and connected to a communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10'), thereby establishing wireless communication with the communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10') for the transmission of the data signal, parameter signal, or measurement signal (5). The battery according to feature 8. [Claim 11] The RF coupler (28) is positioned along the cable (4) near each battery cell (10, 10') of the aforementioned battery, Each RF coupler (28) is connected to the metal wire (27) by the open annular portion of the cable (4). The battery according to feature 10. [Claim 12] Means for enhancing or promoting good wireless transmission and reception of the data signal, parameter or measurement signal include a first plate (30') having vertical openings (31') arranged parallel to each other and vertically spaced equally apart from each other, This is achieved by utilizing a second plate (30") provided for the composite means, which is arranged parallel to each other vertically and horizontally with regular spacing between them, and which has vertical openings (31"). The battery according to feature 8. [Claim 13] The second plate is attached to the first plate so as to be fixed to it. The battery according to feature 12. [Claim 14] Means for enhancing or facilitating good wireless transmission and reception of the data signals, parameters, or measurement signals are achieved by utilizing a plate (30) having a single opening (31) that allows direct access to the communication antenna of the communication unit (14) of each battery cell (10, 10'). The battery according to feature 8. [Claim 15] When the first master battery management unit (20) is active, the second master battery management unit (20') is connected by the cable (4) which is in a passive state. Both the first and second master battery management units (20, 20') are configured to receive data, parameters, or measurement signals wirelessly transmitted from each battery cell (10, 10') of the battery by a communication unit (24). The battery according to feature 10.

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