Marine bus bar cabinet

Abstract

To provide a ship bus bar cabinet which ensures safety in use, has a compact structure, effectively saves installation space, satisfies actual installation needs, outputs stable and required power, and satisfies the actual power usage needs of a ship. [Solution] A marine busbar cabinet comprising a low-voltage control system (200), a high-voltage busbar system (300), a cabinet body (100) and an insulating isolation structure (400), and comprising at least two sets of battery clusters that are connected in series with each other and in parallel with each other at least once, the low-voltage control system is electrically connected to the at least two sets of battery clusters, the cabinet body has an accommodating cavity (111) for accommodating the low-voltage control system and the high-voltage busbar system, the insulating isolation structure is provided in the accommodating cavity, and the insulating isolation structure can divide the accommodating cavity into a low-pressure cavity chamber and a high-pressure cavity chamber that are insulated from each other, the low-voltage control system is provided in the low-pressure cavity chamber, and the high-pressure busbar system is provided in the high-pressure cavity chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with an application number of 202422017930.X, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 19, 2024, and all the contents of the above application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of ship power, and particularly to a marine busbar cabinet.

Background Art

[0003] New energy ships have attracted wide attention from the world due to their advantages such as low energy consumption, zero pollution, and low cost. In new energy ships, the power system is the core of the new energy ship power system. The power system includes a high-voltage busbar system and a low-voltage control system configured to control the startup and shutdown of the high-voltage busbar system. The high-voltage busbar system is configured to achieve the power merging of battery clusters.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In related technologies, the high-voltage busbar system is a plurality of independently provided high-voltage boxes, each of which houses a set of battery clusters, and the low-voltage control system is a low-voltage box. The plurality of high-voltage boxes and low-voltage boxes are independent of each other. The plurality of high-voltage boxes are connected via a wire harness and are also connected to the low-voltage box via a wire harness. The space occupied by such a plurality of independently provided high-voltage boxes and low-voltage boxes is too large. On the other hand, the conditions of the cabin space in the ship are limited, and it is impossible to accommodate the independently provided high-voltage boxes and low-voltage boxes, and the actual installation needs cannot be met.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] In a first aspect, in this application, Low-voltage control system and, The low-voltage control system comprises at least two sets of battery clusters, the at least two sets of battery clusters satisfying at least one of being connected in series and in parallel with each other, and the low-voltage control system comprises a high-voltage busbar system electrically connected to the at least two sets of battery clusters. A cabinet body having a housing cavity for housing the low-pressure control system and the high-pressure busbar system, The housing cavity is provided with an insulating isolation structure that can partition the housing cavity into a low-pressure chamber and a high-pressure chamber that are insulated from each other, the low-pressure control system is provided in the low-pressure chamber, and the high-pressure busbar system is provided in the high-pressure chamber. We provide busbar cabinets for ships. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The shipboard busbar cabinet according to this application provides a housing cavity within the cabinet body for housing a low-pressure control system and a high-pressure busbar system. By using an insulating isolation structure to divide the housing cavity into a low-pressure chamber and a high-pressure chamber that are insulated from each other, the low-pressure control system is installed in the low-pressure chamber and the high-pressure busbar system is installed in the high-pressure chamber. This achieves integrated housing of the low-pressure control system and the high-pressure busbar system, ensuring safety during use, as well as a compact structure that effectively saves installation space and meets actual installation needs. Furthermore, by ensuring that the high-pressure busbar system is equipped with at least two series and / or parallel battery clusters, the high-pressure busbar system can output stable and required power, meeting the actual power usage needs of the ship. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ship's busbar cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a front view of a ship's busbar cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is an exploded view of a ship's busbar cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ship's busbar cabinet in which the door and part of the main body are concealed, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ship's busbar cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of a magnified view of area A in Figure 5. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] In new energy vessels, the power system is the core of the new energy vessel propulsion system. The power system includes a high-voltage busbar system and a low-voltage control system. The high-voltage busbar system consists of multiple independently mounted high-voltage boxes, each housing a set of battery clusters, while the low-voltage control system consists of a low-voltage box. The multiple high-voltage and low-voltage boxes are independent of each other, and the multiple high-voltage boxes are connected via wire harnesses, and the low-voltage boxes are also connected via wire harnesses. The space occupied by such multiple independently mounted high-voltage and low-voltage boxes is too large, while the limited cargo space on board a vessel makes it impossible to accommodate these independently mounted high-voltage and low-voltage boxes, thus failing to meet the actual installation needs.

[0009] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment provides a shipboard busbar cabinet. The shipboard busbar cabinet comprises a cabinet body 100, a low-voltage control system 200, a high-voltage busbar system 300, and an insulating isolation structure 400, wherein the high-voltage busbar system 300 comprises at least two sets of battery clusters connected in series and / or parallel, the low-voltage control system 200 is electrically connected to the battery clusters, the cabinet body 100 has a housing cavity 111 for housing the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300, the insulating isolation structure 400 is provided in the housing cavity 111, and the insulating isolation structure 400 can partition the housing cavity 111 into a low-voltage cavity 1 and a high-voltage cavity 2 which are insulated from each other, the low-voltage control system 200 is provided in the low-voltage cavity 1, and the high-voltage busbar system 300 is provided in the high-voltage cavity 2.

[0010] The ship's busbar cabinet has a housing cavity 111 within the cabinet body 100 for housing a low-voltage control system 200 and a high-voltage busbar system 300. An insulating isolation structure 400 divides the housing cavity 111 into a low-voltage chamber 1 and a high-voltage chamber 2 that are insulated from each other. The low-voltage control system 200 is housed in the low-voltage chamber 1, and the high-voltage busbar system 300 is housed in the high-voltage chamber 2. This achieves integrated housing of the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300, ensuring safety during use, as well as a compact structure, effectively saving installation space, and meeting actual installation needs. Furthermore, by ensuring that the high-voltage busbar system 300 is equipped with at least two series and / or parallel battery clusters, the high-voltage busbar system 300 can output stable and required power, meeting the actual power usage needs of the ship.

[0011] Exemplary, in this embodiment, the high-voltage busbar system 300 comprises five sets of battery clusters arranged in parallel, with a maximum current of 140A or less for each set of battery clusters, and the low-voltage control system 200 can individually control the charging and discharging of each set of battery clusters. In other embodiments, the number of battery clusters in the high-voltage busbar system 300 and the maximum current value of each set of battery clusters may be adjusted according to actual needs, provided that safety is ensured, as long as it is ensured that the low-voltage control system 200 can individually control the charging and discharging of each set of battery clusters; this embodiment is not limited to this. In this embodiment, each set of battery clusters has a length of 639 mm, a width of 381 mm, and a height of 1470 mm. In other embodiments, the specifications of the battery clusters may be adjusted according to actual power usage needs, and the specifications of the cabinet body 100 may be adaptively adjusted, so that the cabinet body 100 can integrate the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300.

[0012] For example, the busbars in the high-voltage busbar system 300 are made of copper, with a thickness of 6 mm, a length and width of 50 mm, and a current capacity of 800 A, thereby ensuring junction safety to the battery cluster. In addition, the electrical gap between the copper bars in the high-voltage busbar system 300 and the external conductive parts is 30 mm or more, thereby improving the safety of use of the marine busbar cabinet.

[0013] As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the low-voltage control system 200 includes a control switch 210, a battery management system 220, and a switching power supply 230. The switching power supply 230 is configured to switch the output voltage type of the battery cluster. The battery management system 220 and the switching power supply 230 are provided on both sides of the cabinet body 100, and the battery management system 220 is connected to each of the battery clusters by a wire harness. The battery management system 220 can detect voltage and current information of each battery cluster in real time. Each battery cluster is connected to a low-voltage communication wire harness via the control switch 210, and the control switch 210 is configured to control the conduction and interruption between the battery cluster and the low-voltage communication wire harness. In this embodiment, the switching power supply 230 includes a DC / DC power supply and an AC / DC power supply. The structure and operating principles of the DC / DC power supply, AC / DC power supply, control switch 210, and battery management system 220 are all related technologies and will not be described repeatedly here.

[0014] In this embodiment, the high-voltage busbar system 300 further includes a fuse 310 and a relay 320. Both the relay 320 and the fuse 310 are connected to the battery cluster via a wire harness. The control switch 210 is connected to the relay 320 via a low-voltage communication wire harness. By installing the relay 320, control of the high-voltage busbar system 300 by the low-voltage control system 200 is realized, and by installing the fuse 310 to disconnect the output of the high-voltage busbar system 300, safety during operation is ensured.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the cabinet body 100 comprises a main body 110 and a door body 120, where the main body 110 has a housing cavity 111, an opening is provided in the housing cavity 111, and the insulating isolation structure 400 can enter the housing cavity 111 along the opening, and the door body 120 is connected to the main body 110 to close the opening. By installing the cabinet body 100 as a main body 110 having a housing cavity 111 and providing an opening in the housing cavity 111, the insulating isolation structure 400 can be easily attached and detached, and by installing the door body 120 connected to the main body 110 so that the door body 120 closes the opening, protection to the low-pressure control system 200 in the low-pressure chamber 1 and the high-pressure busbar system 300 in the high-pressure chamber 2 can be improved. In this embodiment, the door body 120 is pivotally attached to the main body 110, and the door body 120 is provided with a handle 121, which makes it easy to drive the door body 120 to rotate relative to the main body 110.

[0016] To improve the stability of the main body 110, connecting rings 114 are provided on the main body 110. The connecting rings 114 can be connected to and secured to the cargo hold by ropes to prevent the main body 110 from tipping over due to swaying during the ship's operation. In this embodiment, four connecting rings 114 are provided at intervals around the circumferential direction of the main body 110 at the upper end of the main body 110, and each connecting ring 114 is suspended and secured to the cargo hold by a single rope. In other embodiments, the number of connecting rings 114 may be adjusted according to the actual needs, and this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0017] Referring to FIG. 4, the structure of the insulation isolation structure 400 will be described. The insulation isolation structure 400 includes a first bending portion 410 and a second bending portion 420 that are interconnected. Here, the extending direction of the first bending portion 410 is perpendicular to the plane where the opening is located, and the extending direction of the second bending portion 420 is parallel to the plane where the opening is located. The second bending portion 420 is provided at the end close to the opening of the accommodating cavity 111. The low-pressure chamber 1 is formed by being surrounded by the first bending portion 410 and a part of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 111. The low-pressure chamber 1 communicates facing the opening. The high-pressure chamber 2 is formed by being surrounded by the second bending portion 420, the first bending portion 410, and a part of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 111. The high-pressure chamber 2 does not communicate facing the opening.

[0018] The insulation isolation structure 400 is installed such that it includes a first bending portion 410 and a second bending portion 420 that are interconnected. By making the extending direction of the first bending portion 410 perpendicular to the plane where the opening is located, the accommodating cavity 111 can be divided into two regions that communicate facing the opening respectively. By making the extending direction of the second bending portion 420 parallel to the plane where the opening is located and providing the second bending portion 420 at the end close to the opening, the second bending portion 420 can close one of the openings of the two regions partitioned by the first bending portion 410. By making the region with the closed opening the high-pressure chamber 2, the protection for the battery cluster in the high-voltage busbar system 300 can be improved. By making the region with the unclosed opening the low-pressure chamber 1, the subsequent debugging by the staff can be facilitated. When debugging of the low-pressure control system 200 is required, since the low-pressure chamber 1 communicates facing the opening, debugging of the low-pressure control system 200 can be achieved simply by opening the door body 120.

[0019] In this embodiment, both the first bending portion 410 and the second bending portion 420 are made of acrylic material. The acrylic material not only has good electrical insulation performance, high surface hardness and surface gloss, and excellent high-temperature performance, but also has good processing performance. Thermal forming may be adopted, or machining may be performed. In other embodiments, the first bending portion 410 and the second bending portion 420 may be made of other insulating materials, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0020] Also, in this embodiment, the opening is located on the side surface of the accommodation cavity 111. The accommodation cavity 111 is partitioned into a low-pressure chamber 1 and a high-pressure chamber 2 that are vertically overlapped by an insulation isolation structure 400. The high-pressure chamber 2 is located below the low-pressure chamber 1 so as to accommodate the battery cluster in the high-voltage busbar system 300. In other embodiments, the low-pressure chamber 1 and the high-pressure chamber 2 may be arranged side by side along a horizontal plane, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, an intake assembly 112 and an exhaust assembly 113 are provided on the main body 110. The intake assembly 112 can be driven so that external gas enters the accommodation cavity 111, and the exhaust assembly 113 can be driven so that the gas in the accommodation cavity 111 is discharged to the outside. By providing the intake assembly 112 and the exhaust assembly 113 on the main body 110, the circulating flow of external gas and the gas in the cabinet body 100 can be realized, the heat dissipation effect on the low-pressure control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300 in the cabinet body 100 can be improved, and further the protection for the low-pressure control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300 can be improved. In addition, in other embodiments, the intake assembly 112 is provided at the lower end of the main body 110, and the exhaust assembly 113 is provided at the upper end of the main body 110, thereby improving the circulation effect on the air in the main body 110. In other embodiments, only the intake assembly 112 may be provided on the main body 110, or only the exhaust assembly 113 may be provided on the main body 110, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0022] Exemplary, the intake assembly 112 comprises a filter window and a fan, where the main body 110 has an intake port, the filter window closes to the intake port, and the fan is located at the end of the filter window closest to the containment cavity 111, and the fan is configured to drive external gas along the filter window into the containment cavity 111. By having an intake port in the main body 110, closing it with a filter window, and providing a fan at the end of the filter window closest to the containment cavity 111, the fan drives external gas along the filter window into the containment cavity 111, thereby not only achieving effective driving of external gas but also filtering the gas entering the containment cavity 111, preventing foreign matter from entering the containment cavity 111 along the intake port, and improving protection to the low-pressure control system 200 and the high-pressure busbar system 300. In this embodiment, the filter window is a blind. In other embodiments, the filter window may be a stretched frame with a filter mesh stretched over it, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0023] Furthermore, the structure of the exhaust assembly 113 is similar to that of the intake assembly 112, and will not be described again here in order to ensure the brevity of the specification.

[0024] To facilitate observation of the usage status of the ship's busbar cabinet, the door body 120 is provided with an indicator light 122 connected to a low-voltage control system 200 via a wire harness. By providing the indicator light 122 connected to the low-voltage control system 200 on the door body 120, staff can observe the indicator light to determine the usage status of the ship's busbar cabinet, resulting in a good indicator effect. Furthermore, the indicator light 122 can be switched between an off state, a constantly on state, and a flashing state, and switching between these three states improves the indicator effect for staff. Note that the indicator light 122 includes, but is not limited to, an operation indicator light, a fault indicator light, an alarm indicator light, a low SOC (State of Charge) indicator light, an overheat indicator light, a power loss indicator light, a start / stop indicator light, and a reset indicator light. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the indicator information of the indicator light may be adjusted according to the functional needs to be realized, and this embodiment is not limited to such adjustments.

[0025] Furthermore, the door body 120 is provided with a touchscreen 123 that is connected to the low-pressure control system 200 via a wire harness, and the touchscreen 123 can control the low-pressure control system 200. By providing the touchscreen 123 on the door body 120 and connecting the touchscreen 123 to the low-pressure control system 200 via a wire harness, the touchscreen 123 can control the low-pressure control system 200. When it is necessary to adjust the output power of the ship's busbar cabinet, it is not necessary to open the door body 120 and adjust the low-pressure control system 200. This can be achieved by operating the touchscreen 123, simplifying the adjustment process and improving adjustment efficiency. Note that the structure and operating principle of the touchscreen 123 belong to related technologies and will not be explained repeatedly here.

[0026] To improve the safety of use of the ship's busbar cabinet, the door body 120 is further provided with an emergency stop button 124 that is wire-connected to the high-pressure busbar system 300, and the emergency stop button 124 can individually control the activation and deactivation of the high-pressure busbar system 300. By installing the emergency stop button 124 that is wire-connected to the high-pressure busbar system 300 on the door body 120, it is ensured that the emergency stop button 124 can individually control the activation and deactivation of the high-pressure busbar system 300, and in the event of an accident in the ship's busbar cabinet, the operation of the high-pressure busbar system 300 can be stopped by directly pressing the emergency stop button 124, thereby ensuring the safety of use of the ship's busbar cabinet.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6, the cabinet body 100 further comprises a wiring structure 130 provided in the housing cavity 111, the wiring structure 130 being configured to house the wire harnesses of the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300. By providing the wiring structure 130 to house the wire harnesses of the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300, the effectiveness of wire harness housing for the low-voltage control system 200 and the high-voltage busbar system 300 can be improved, not only improving the orderliness of the housing cavity 111 but also facilitating subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0028] Exemplary, as shown in Figure 6, the wiring structure 130 comprises a first engaging member 131 and a second engaging member 132, with an engaging projection 1311 provided on either the first engaging member 131 or the second engaging member 132, and an engaging groove 1321 provided on the other, the engaging projection 1311 being engaged and fixed in the engaging groove 1321, and a wiring groove 133 being formed between the first engaging member 131 and the second engaging member 132, the wiring groove 133 being configured to house a wire harness. A first engaging member 131 and a second engaging member 132 are provided, and an engaging projection 1311 is provided on either the first engaging member 131 or the second engaging member 132, and an engaging groove 1321 is provided on the other, and by utilizing the engagement between the engaging projection 1311 and the engaging groove 1321, the engagement and fixing of the first engaging member 131 and the second engaging member 132 is achieved, and by forming a wiring groove 133 between the first engaging member 131 and the second engaging member 132, storage for the wire harness is achieved. In this embodiment, the first engaging member 131 is provided with an engaging projection 1311, and the second engaging member 132 is provided with an engaging groove 1321, and the engaging projection 1311 extends along the extending direction of the first engaging member 131, and the engaging groove 1321 extends along the extending direction of the second engaging member 132. In other embodiments, the first engaging member 131 may be provided with an engaging groove 1321, and the second engaging member 132 may be provided with an engaging projection 1311; however, this embodiment is not limited to such embodiments.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first engaging member 131 and the second engaging member 132 are sheet metal beams, and both the engaging protrusion 1311 and the engaging groove 1321 are formed by bending. By producing the first engaging member 131 and the second engaging member 132 using sheet metal beams, the difficulty of production is effectively reduced and production efficiency is improved.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the cabinet body 100 is further provided with a charging connector 140 and a discharge connector 150 to facilitate connection with charging equipment and power-consuming equipment of the high-voltage busbar system 300. In this embodiment, both the charging connector 140 and the discharge connector 150 are explosion-proof glands. Explosion-proof glands have good sealing and explosion-proof properties, a safe and reliable structure, and are simple and easy to install. In other embodiments, the charging connector 140 and the discharge connector 150 may be other types of connectors, and are not limited in this embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] In the diagram: 1...Low-pressure chamber, 2...High-pressure chamber, 100...Cabinet body, 110...Main body, 111...Accommodation cavity, 112...Intake assembly, 113...Exhaust assembly, 114...Connecting ring, 120...Door body, 121...Handle, 122...Indicator light, 123...Touchscreen, 124...Emergency stop button, 130...Wiring structure, 131...First engaging material, 1311...Engaging protrusion, 132...Second engaging material, 1321...Engaging groove, 133...Wiring groove, 140...Charging connector, 150...Discharge connector, 200...Low-voltage control systems, 210...Control switches, 220...Battery management systems, 230...Switching power supplies, 300... High-voltage busbar system, 310... Fuses, 320... Relays, 400...Insulated isolation structure, 410...First bend section, 420...Second bend section.

Claims

1. A low-voltage control system (200) and The low-voltage control system (200) comprises at least two sets of battery clusters, the at least two sets of battery clusters satisfying at least one of being connected in series and in parallel, and the low-voltage control system (200) comprises a high-voltage busbar system (300) electrically connected to the at least two sets of battery clusters, A cabinet body (100) having a housing chamber (111) configured to house the low-voltage control system (200) and the high-voltage busbar system (300), The housing chamber (111) is provided with an insulating isolation structure (400) which can partition the housing chamber (111) into a low-voltage chamber (1) and a high-voltage chamber (2) that are insulated from each other, the low-voltage control system (200) is provided in the low-voltage chamber (1), and the high-voltage busbar system (300) is provided in the high-voltage chamber (2), The cabinet body (100) comprises a main body (110) and a door body (120), The main body (110) has the housing chamber (111) and has an opening, and the insulating isolation structure (400) can enter the housing chamber (111) along the opening. The door body (120) is connected to the main body (110) to close the opening. The aforementioned insulating isolation structure (400) is First bent portion (410) and A second bent portion (420) connected to the first bent portion (410), wherein the extending direction of the first bent portion (410) is perpendicular to the plane of the opening, and the extending direction of the second bent portion (420) is parallel to the plane of the opening, and the second bent portion (420) includes a second bent portion (420) provided at the end of the housing chamber (111) near the opening, The low-voltage chamber (1) is formed by being surrounded by the first bent portion (410) and a part of the cavity wall of the housing chamber (111), and the low-voltage chamber (1) is in direct contact with the opening, The high-voltage chamber (2) is formed by being surrounded by the second bent portion (420), the first bent portion (410), and a portion of the cavity wall of the housing chamber (111), and the high-voltage chamber (2) does not communicate directly with the opening. Boat bus bar cabinet.

2. The cabinet body (100) further comprises a wiring structure (130) provided in the storage chamber (111), The wiring structure (130) is configured to house the wire harnesses of the low-voltage control system (200) and the high-voltage busbar system (300). A ship's busbar cabinet according to claim 1.

3. The wiring structure (130) comprises a first engaging member (131) and a second engaging member (132), An engaging projection (1311) is provided on either the first engaging member (131) or the second engaging member (132), and an engaging groove (1321) is provided on the other. The engaging projection (1311) is engaged and fixed in the engaging groove (1321). A wiring groove (133) is formed between the first engaging member (131) and the second engaging member (132), and the wiring groove (133) is configured to house a wire harness. A ship's bus bar cabinet according to claim 2.

4. The door body (120) is provided with an indicator light (122) which is connected to the low-voltage control system (200) by a wire harness. A ship's busbar cabinet according to claim 1.

5. The door body (120) is further provided with a touchscreen (123) which is connected to the low-voltage control system (200) by a wire harness, and the touchscreen (123) is capable of controlling the low-voltage control system (200). A ship's bus bar cabinet according to claim 4.

6. The door body (120) is further provided with an emergency stop button (124) which is connected to the high-voltage busbar system (300) by a wire harness, and the emergency stop button (124) can individually control the starting and stopping of the high-voltage busbar system (300). A ship's bus bar cabinet according to claim 5.

7. The aforementioned main body (110) is The main body (110) is provided with an intake assembly (112) that can be driven to allow external gas to enter the containment chamber (111), The main body (110) is provided with an exhaust assembly (113) that can be driven to discharge the gas in the containment chamber (111) to the outside, satisfying at least one of the following conditions: A ship's busbar cabinet according to claim 1.

8. The intake assembly (112) is A filter window that closes to the air intake port opened in the main body (110), The system includes a fan provided at the end of the filter window closest to the containment chamber (111), which is configured to drive external gas along the filter window into the containment chamber (111), A ship's bus bar cabinet according to claim 7.

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