Terminals, wireless communication methods, base stations and systems

Abstract

A terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a reception unit that receives the configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) type with a frequency domain orthogonal cover code having a length 4; and a control unit that determines the electric power ratio of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH on the basis of the configuration.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] For layer orthogonalization, a multi-port reference signal (for example, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) is used.

[0006] In future wireless communication systems, it is being considered to increase the number of DMRS ports compared to existing specifications. In this case, power allocation in the downlink (DL) has not been sufficiently considered. Furthermore, PTRS-DMRS association in the uplink (UL) has not been sufficiently considered. If DL power allocation / PTRS-DMRS association is not appropriately determined, communication throughput / communication quality may be degraded.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that appropriately control the transmission or reception of PTRS.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) type with a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code having a length of 4, and a control unit that determines a power ratio of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the configuration.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the transmission or reception of PTRS can be appropriately controlled.

[0010] FIG. 1 shows an example of a legacy DMRS port table for DMRS configuration type 1 / 2 for PDSCH. FIG. 2 shows an example of a legacy DMRS port table for DMRS configuration type 1 / 2 for PUSCH. FIGS. 3A-3C show an example of a new Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC). FIGS. 4A-4B show an example of associations between CDM groups, DMRS ports, and OCCs in Extended Type 1 / Extended Type 2. FIG. 5 shows Table U-3 for factors related to the power ratio of PUSCH to PT-RS per layer per RE for transmissions other than 8 Tx PUSCH transmissions. FIG. 6 shows Table U-3A for factors related to the power ratio of PUSCH to PT-RS per layer per RE for transmissions with 8 Tx PUSCH. FIG. 7 shows Table D-1 for the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DM-RS EPRE. FIG. 8 shows Table D-2 for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. FIG. 9 shows an example of Table D-2A for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. FIG. 10 shows an example of Table D1-2 for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. FIG. 11 shows an example of Table D1-2A for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. FIG. 12 shows an example of Table D2-2A for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. FIG. 13 shows an example of Table P-25 for PTRS-DMRS association. FIG. 14 shows an example of Table Q-1 for PTRS-DMRS association. FIG. 15 shows an example of Table Q-2 for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 16 shows an example of Table R-1 for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 17 shows an example of Table R-2 for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 18 shows an example of Table S-25 for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 19 shows an example of Table S-25A for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 20 shows an example of Table S-25B for PTRS-DMRS association. Figure 21 shows an example of Table S-26 for PTRS-DMRS association.Fig. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. Fig. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 26 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (DMRS) The front-loaded Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) is the first (first symbol or symbol close to the first) DMRS for faster demodulation. An additional DMRS can be configured by RRC for high-speed mobile terminals (user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) or high modulation and coding schemes (MCS) / ranks. The frequency location of the additional DMRS is the same as that of the front-loaded DMRS.

[0012] For the time domain, DMRS mapping type A or B is configured. In DMRS mapping type A, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the slot. l_0 is configured by the parameter (dmrs-TypeA-Position) in the MIB or common serving cell configuration (ServingCellConfigCommon). DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the slot or each frequency hop. In DMRS mapping type B, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the PDSCH / PUSCH. l_0 is always 0. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the PDSCH / PUSCH or each frequency hop.

[0013] The DMRS location is defined by a table in the specification and depends on the duration of the PDSCH / PUSCH. The location of the additional DMRS is fixed.

[0014] For the frequency domain, (PDSCH / PUSCH) DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured. DMRS configuration type 1 has a comb structure and is applicable to both CP-OFDM (transport precoding=disabled) and DFT-S-OFDM (transport precoding=enabled). DMRS configuration type 2 is applicable only to CP-OFDM.

[0015] Single symbol DMRS or double symbol DMRS is configured.

[0016] Single-symbol DMRS is normally used (it is a mandatory feature in Rel. 15). In single-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1, 2, 3}. Single-symbol DMRS supports both frequency hopping enabled and disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is not configured, single-symbol DMRS is used.

[0017] Double-symbol DMRS is used for more DMRS ports (especially Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO)). In double-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1}. Double-symbol DMRS is supported when frequency hopping is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is 2 (len2), whether it is single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS is determined by DCI or configured grant.

[0018] From the above, the possible DMRS configuration patterns are the following combinations: DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type A, double symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, single symbol DMRS DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS mapping type B, double symbol DMRS

[0019] Multiple DMRS ports that are mapped to the same resource element (RE, time and frequency resource) are called a DMRS Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group.

[0020] For DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, four DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed using a frequency domain OCC (FD OCC) of length 2. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

[0021] For DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, eight DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by an FD OCC of length 2, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a Time Domain OCC (TD OCC). Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups), two DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM.

[0022] For DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS, six DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed using an FD OCC of length 2. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM.

[0023] For DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, 12 DMRS ports can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group, two DMRS ports are multiplexed by an FD OCC of length 2, and two DMRS ports are multiplexed by a TD OCC. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups), three DMRS ports are multiplexed by FDM.

[0024] Here, an example of DMRS mapping type B is shown, but DMRS mapping type A is also similar.

[0025] In the parameters for PDSCH DMRS (existing table, existing DMRS port table, FIG. 1), DMRS ports 1000-1007 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS ports 1000-1011 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0026] In the parameters for PUSCH DMRS (existing table, existing DMRS port table, FIG. 2), DMRS ports 0-7 can be used for DMRS configuration type 1, and DMRS ports 0-11 can be used for DMRS configuration type 2.

[0027] (Ports of Reference Signals) For orthogonalization of MIMO layers, reference signals of multiple ports (for example, demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and CSI-RS) are used.

[0028] For example, for single user MIMO (SU-MIMO), a different DMRS port / CSI-RS port may be set for each layer. For multi user MIMO (MU-MIMO), a different DMRS port / CSI-RS port may be set for each layer within one UE and for each UE.

[0029] In addition, if the number of CSI-RS ports is greater than the number of layers used for data, it is possible to measure the channel state more accurately based on this CSI-RS, which is expected to contribute to improving throughput.

[0030] In Rel-15 NR, multiple-port DMRS is supported using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), frequency domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), etc., with up to eight ports for Type 1 DMRS (i.e., DMRS setting type 1) and up to 12 ports for Type 2 DMRS (i.e., DMRS setting type 2).

[0031] In Rel-15 NR, a comb-like transmission frequency pattern (comb-like resource set) is used as the FDM. Cyclic Shift (CS) is used as the FD-OCC. Furthermore, the TD-OCC can only be applied to double-symbol DMRS.

[0032] In the present disclosure, OCC, orthogonal code, orthogonalization, and cyclic shift may be read interchangeably.

[0033] The type of DMRS may be referred to as a DMRS configuration type.

[0034] Among DMRSs, DMRSs that are resource mapped in units of two consecutive (adjacent) symbols may be called double-symbol DMRSs, and DMRSs that are resource mapped in units of one symbol may be called single-symbol DMRSs.

[0035] Either DMRS may be mapped to one or more symbols per slot depending on the length of the data channel. A DMRS mapped to the beginning of a data symbol may be called a front-loaded DMRS, and a DMRS additionally mapped to other positions may be called an additional DMRS.

[0036] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and single-symbol DMRS, Comb and CS may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to four antenna ports (APs) may be supported by using two types of Comb and two types of CS (Comb2+2CS).

[0037] In the case of DMRS configuration type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, the comb, CS, and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to eight APs may be supported using two types of comb, two types of CS, and TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}).

[0038] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and single-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to six APs may be supported by applying an orthogonal code (2-FD-OCC) to two adjacent resource elements (REs) in the frequency direction.

[0039] In the case of DMRS configuration type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, FD-OCC and TD-OCC may be used for orthogonalization. For example, up to 12 APs may be supported by applying an orthogonal code (2-FD-OCC) to two adjacent REs in the frequency direction and a TD-OCC ({1,1} and {1,-1}) to two adjacent REs in the time direction.

[0040] In addition, in Rel-15 NR, a maximum of 32 ports of the multi-port CSI-RS are supported by using FDM, time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency domain OCC, time domain OCC, etc. The same method as that for the above-mentioned DMRS may also be applied to orthogonalization of the CSI-RS.

[0041] Now, a group of DMRS ports orthogonalized by the FD-OCC / TD-OCC as described above is also called a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group.

[0042] Different CDM groups are orthogonal because they are FDM-encoded. However, within the same CDM group, the orthogonality of the applied OCC may be lost due to channel fluctuations, etc. In this case, if signals within the same CDM group are received with different reception powers, a near-far problem may occur, and orthogonality may not be guaranteed.

[0043] Here, we will explain the TD-OCC / FD-OCC of DMRS in Rel. 15 NR. The DMRS mapped to a resource element (RE) is a DMRS sequence with FD-OCC parameters (which may also be called sequence elements) w ｆ (k') and the TD-OCC parameters (which may also be called sequence elements) w ｔ (l') and may correspond to a sequence obtained by multiplying (l') and (l').

[0044] The TD-OCC and FD-OCC of the DMRS in Rel. 15 NR both correspond to OCCs with a sequence length (which may also be referred to as OCC length) of 2. For example, Rel. 15 Type 1 / Type 2 DMRS ports (e.g., rel. 15 Type 1 / Type 2 DMRS ports) may be defined as DMRS ports with an FD-OCC length of 2 (e.g., DMRS ports with FD-OCC length = 2).

[0045] Therefore, the possible values ​​of k' and l' are both 0 and 1. By multiplying this FD-OCC in units of RE, it is possible to multiplex two-port DMRS using the same time and frequency resource (2 RE). When both this FD-OCC and TD-OCC are applied, it is possible to multiplex four-port DMRS using the same time and frequency resource (4 RE).

[0046] The two existing DMRS port tables (association of antenna port numbers with parameters) for PDSCH described above correspond to DMRS configuration type 1 and type 2, respectively. Note that p indicates the antenna port number, and Δ indicates a parameter for shifting (offsetting) the frequency resource.

[0047] For example, for antenna ports 1000 and 1001, {w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w ｆ (0), w ｆ (1)}={+1, -1} is applied to the vectors, and the vectors are orthogonalized using FD-OCC.

[0048] FDM is applied to antenna ports 1000-1001 and antenna ports 1002-1003 (and also antenna ports 1004-1005 in the case of Type 2) by applying different values ​​of Δ. Thus, antenna ports 1000-1003 (or 1000-1005) corresponding to single-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC and FDM.

[0049] For the antenna ports 1000-1003 and the antenna ports 1004-1007 of type 1, {w ｔ (0), w ｔ (1)} = {+1, +1} and {w ｔ (0), w ｔ (1)}={+1, −1} is applied, and thus the antenna ports 1000-1007 (or 1000-1011) corresponding to the double-symbol DMRS are orthogonalized using FD-OCC, TD-OCC, and FDM.

[0050] For CP-OFDM only, it is considered to specify a larger number of orthogonal DMRS ports for DL / UL MU-MIMO (without increasing DMRS overhead), a common design between DL and UL DMRS, up to 24 orthogonal DMRS ports, and doubling the maximum number of orthogonal DMRS ports for both single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS for each applicable DMRS configuration type.

[0051] In Rel. 15, the following Cases 1 to 4 can be configured. [Case 1] The total number of single-symbol DMRS ports in DMRS configuration type 1 is 2 (by comb / FDM) × (by FD OCC) 2 = 4 ports. [Case 2] The total number of double-symbol DMRS ports in DMRS configuration type 1 is 2 (by comb / FDM) × (by FD OCC) 2 × (by TD OCC) 2 = 8 ports. [Case 3] The total number of single-symbol DMRS ports in DMRS configuration type 2 is 3 (by FDM) × (by FD OCC) 2 = 6 ports. [Case 4] The total number of double-symbol DMRS ports in DMRS configuration type 2 is 3 (by comb) × (by FD OCC) 2 × (by TD OCC) 2 = 12 ports.

[0052] In Rel. 18, it is considered to double the total number of DMRS ports to 8, 16, 12, and 24 for Cases 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

[0053] To increase the number of DMRS ports, the following five options (methods for increasing the number of DMRS ports) are being considered.

[0054] <Option 1> - Introducing a new OCC with a length greater than that of the existing OCC (for example, 4 or 6). In Option 1, the following issues need to be considered: possible performance degradation when the delay spread is large, possible scheduling restrictions, and backward compatibility.

[0055] <Option 2> Use of TD-OCC on multiple discontinuous DMRS symbols (e.g., TD-OCC on front-loaded DMRS / additional DMRS). Option 2 addresses the following issues: possible performance degradation when UE speed is high, possible scheduling limitations (e.g., frequency hopping application method), possible limitations on DMRS configuration (e.g., limited number of additional DMRS), and backward compatibility.

[0056] <Option 3> - Increase the number of CDM groups (for example, increase the number of comb / FDM). In option 3, the possibility of performance degradation when the delay spread is large and backward compatibility are considered.

[0057] <Option 4> Reuse symbols for additional DMRS and increase the number of orthogonal DMRS ports. Option 4 has several issues to consider, including the possibility of performance degradation when UE speed is high, the possibility of DMRS configuration being limited (e.g., the number of additional DMRS is limited), and backward compatibility.

[0058] <Option 5> Use of TD-OCC on discontinuous multiple DMRS symbols combined with FD-OCC / FDM (reusing symbols of additional DMRS to improve channel estimation performance). Option 5 addresses the following issues: possible performance degradation at high UE speeds, possible scheduling limitations (e.g., frequency hopping application method), possible limitations on DMRS configuration (e.g., limited number of additional DMRS), and backward compatibility.

[0059] Options 1 / 3 may be supported. In addition, TD OCC may be supported. The difference between options 2 and 5 may be whether semi-static switching based on RRC or dynamic switching based on DCI is supported between FD-OCC and TD-OCC.

[0060] In option 5 of the above-mentioned DMRS port number increasing method, as shown in the example of FIG. 3, a new FD-OCC of length 4 is applied, and a new TD-OCC of length 2 is applied to multiple discontinuous DMRS symbols, and the number of DMRS ports in one CDM group may be 4. In this case, the receiving side can separate signals by decoding either the FD-OCC or the TD-OCC, which is advantageous compared to option 1 / 3. For example, if using a TD-OCC causes problems such as degradation of characteristics (orthogonality) during high-speed movement, or channel estimation cannot be started even when only the preceding DMRS symbol is received, and additional DMRS symbols must be received, resulting in a delay in PDSCH decoding, the receiving side can decode using only the FD-OCC. For example, if using an FD-OCC causes problems such as degradation of characteristics (orthogonality) when the delay spread is large, the receiving side can decode using only the TD-OCC.

[0061] In the aforementioned option 5 for increasing the number of DMRS ports, a new FD-OCC of length 6 may be applied, and a new TD-OCC of length 2 may be applied to multiple non-consecutive DMRS symbols.

[0062] Thus, new FD-OCCs longer than 2 are supported in Rel. 18 and later. DMRS ports for Type 1 / Type 2 for Rel. 18 and later may be referred to as Rel. 18 enhanced type 1 / enhanced type 2 DMRS ports, for example. Enhanced type 1 / enhanced type 2 may be referred to as eType 1 / eType 2.

[0063] For example, a Rel. 18 eType1 / eType2 DMRS port may be defined with an FD-OCC length greater than 2. For example, the FD-OCC length of a Rel. 18 eType1 / eType2 DMRS port may be 4.

[0064] Note that a Type 1 / Type 2 DMRS port with FD-OCC length = 2 defined in Rel. 15 may be referred to as a Rel. 15 Type 1 / Type 2 DMRS port.

[0065] Rel. 18 e Type 1 DMRS ports may have port index p=#1000-#1015. For example, the same DMRS port index (DMRS port #1000-#1007) as the Rel. 15 DMRS ports may be used for DMRS ports with new FD-OCCs #0 and #1. DMRS ports with new FD-OCCs #2 and #3 may use different DMRS port indexes (DMRS port #1008-#1015) from the Rel. 15 DMRS ports.

[0066] Rel. 18 e Type 2 DMRS ports may have port index p = #1000-1023. For DMRS ports with new FD-OCCs #0 and #1, the same DMRS port index (DMRS ports #1000-#1011) as for Rel. 15 DMRS ports may be used. For DMRS ports with new FD-OCCs #2 and #3, different DMRS port index (DMRS ports #1012-#1023) may be used.

[0067] (New OCC for DMRS of PDSCH / PUSCH) Rel. 18 supports the FD-OCC of length 4 and the TD-OCC of length 2 as new OCCs for DMRS of PDSCH / PUSCH (Extended Type 1 / Extended Type 2 DMRS). Figures 3A to 3C are diagrams showing examples of the new OCCs. The FD-OCC and TD-OCC may also be simply referred to as OCCs.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 3A, a length-4 FD-OCC based on a 4-by-4 Walsh matrix (sequence) may be defined. In FIG. 3A, four sequences are obtained for FD-OCC index i={0, 1, 2, 3}. The Walsh matrix may be replaced with a Hadamard code (e.g., a Hadamard code). An OCC based on a Walsh matrix (sequence) is useful for DL ​​reception (e.g., reception of a PDSCH).

[0069] A cyclic shift-based OCC of length 4 may be defined as shown in Figure 3B. In Figure 3B, four sequences are obtained by using cyclic shifts {i·0, i·π, i·π / 2, i·3π / 2} for FD-OCC index i={0, 1, 2, 3}. Cyclic shift-based OCCs are useful for UL transmissions (e.g., PUSCH transmissions).

[0070] A TD-OCC of length 2 may be defined as shown in Figure 3C, where two sequences are obtained for TD-OCC index i={0,1}.

[0071] Furthermore, a table (association of port indexes, CDM group indexes, and new OCC indexes) for enhanced type 1 / enhanced type 2 DMRS may be defined in association with the OCC shown in Fig. 3. The port index of the PDSCH may be indicated by a number obtained by adding 1000 to the port index of the PUSCH.

[0072] The novel FD-OCC may be any of the OCCs described above.

[0073] In Figures 3A and 3B, the first and second halves of OCCs #0 and #1 (OCCs corresponding to OCC indexes 0 and 1) of length 4 are the same as, for example, OCCs #0 and #1 (OCCs corresponding to OCC indexes 0 and 1) of length 2 shown in Figure 3C.

[0074] In this disclosure, the OCC (FD-OCC / TD-OCC) corresponding to OCC index i may be referred to as OCC#i.

[0075] Some of the sequences of the new FD-OCC may be associated with a Rel. 15 DMRS port index.

[0076] When a length 2 FD-OCC is used, the Rel. 15 DMRS port table for DMRS configuration type 1 and the Rel. 15 DMRS port table for DMRS configuration type 2 may be used.

[0077] The extended DMRS configuration type 1 (DMRS extension type 1, DMRS extension type = 1, DMRS eType 1) uses the frequency domain configuration of the DMRS configuration type 1 (DMRS type 1, DMRS type = 1, DMRS Type 1) and a new FD-OCC. The extended DMRS configuration type 2 (DMRS extension type 2, DMRS extension type = 2, DMRS eType 2) uses the frequency domain configuration of the DMRS configuration type 2 (DMRS type 2, DMRS type = 2, DMRS Type 2) and a new FD-OCC.

[0078] In the present disclosure, the terms "legacy DMRS configuration type," "dmrs-Type," "DMRS configuration type 1 / 2," and "Rel. 15 DMRS type" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "the legacy DMRS configuration type is configured," "dmrs-Type is configured," and "the legacy DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "DMRS configuration type 1," "DMRS type 1," "DMRS type = 1," and "DMRS Type 1" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "DMRS configuration type 2," "DMRS type 2," "DMRS type = 2," and "DMRS Type 2" may be interchangeable.

[0079] In the present disclosure, the terms "extended DMRS configuration type," "enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18," "extended DMRS configuration type 1 / 2," "DMRS type with length 4 FD-OCC," and "Rel. 18 DMRS type" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "extended DMRS configuration type is configured," "enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18 is configured," and "extended DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "extended DMRS configuration type 1," "DMRS extension type 1," "DMRS extension type=1," and "DMRS eType 1" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms "extended DMRS configuration type 2," "DMRS extension type 2," "DMRS extension type=2," and "DMRS eType 2" may be interchangeable.

[0080] In the present disclosure, the maximum DMRS length, maxLength, and the maximum number of OFDM symbols for a front loaded DMRS may be read interchangeably.

[0081] In this disclosure, existing FD-OCC, length 2 FD-OCC, Rel. 15 FD-OCC, w f (k') may be read interchangeably.

[0082] In the present disclosure, in each embodiment, novel FD-OCCs, FD-OCCs longer than 2, Rel. 18 FD-OCCs, w f (k'), FD-OCC of length 4, may be read interchangeably.

[0083] (CDM Group) As mentioned above, multiple DMRS ports that are mapped to the same RE (time and frequency resource) may be referred to as a DMRS CDM group.

[0084] Fig. 4A is a diagram showing an example of association between CDM groups, DMRS ports, and OCCs in Extended Type 1. Fig. 4B is a diagram showing an example of association between CDM groups, DMRS ports, and OCCs in Extended Type 2. The DMRS ports in Figs. 4A and 4B may be referred to as extended DMRS ports. Note that Figs. 4A and 4B are applicable to both single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS.

[0085] As shown in Figure 4A, eight DMRS ports (ports #0-3, 8-11) can be used for DMRS configuration extension type 1 and single-symbol DMRS. Within each DMRS CDM group (CDM group #0-1), four DMRS ports (ports #0-1, 8-9, port #2-3, 10-11) are multiplexed using a length-4 FD-OCC (FD-OCC #0-3). Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups (CDM group #0-1)), two DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM.

[0086] Also, as shown in FIG. 4A , in the case of DMRS configuration extension type 1 and double-symbol DMRS, eight more DMRS ports (ports #4-7, 12-15) can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group (CDM group #0-1), four DMRS ports (ports #4-5, 12-13, port #6-7, 14-15) are multiplexed using a FD-OCC #0-3 of length 4. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (two DMRS CDM groups (CDM group #0-1)), two DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM. Furthermore, two DMRS ports in the time direction are multiplexed using a TD-OCC #0-1 of length 2. That is, multiple (two) CDM groups with the same index are multiplexed using TDM.

[0087] In the extension type 1 shown in FIG. 4A, the DMRS ports corresponding to CDM group #0 are {port#0,1,8,9} and {port#4,5,12,13}, and the DMRS ports corresponding to CDM group #1 are {port#2,3,10,11} and {port#6,7,14,15}.

[0088] As shown in Figure 4B, 12 DMRS ports (ports #0-5, 12-17) can be used for DMRS configuration extension type 2 and single-symbol DMRS. Within each DMRS CDM group (CDM group #0-2), four DMRS ports (ports #0-1, 12-13, port #2-3, 14-15, port #4-5, 16-17) are multiplexed using a length-4 FD-OCC (FD-OCC #0-3). Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups (CDM group #0-2)), three DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM.

[0089] Also, as shown in FIG. 4B , in the case of DMRS configuration extension type 2 and double-symbol DMRS, an additional 12 DMRS ports (ports #6-11, 18-23) can be used. Within each DMRS CDM group (CDM group #0-2), four DMRS ports (ports #6-7, 18-19, port #8-9, 20-21, port #10-11, 22-23) are multiplexed using a FD-OCC #0-3 of length 4. Between multiple DMRS CDM groups (three DMRS CDM groups (CDM group #0-2)), three DMRS ports are multiplexed using FDM. Furthermore, two DMRS ports in the time direction are multiplexed using a TD-OCC #0-1 of length 2. That is, multiple (two) CDM groups with the same index are multiplexed using TDM.

[0090] In the extended type 2 shown in Figure 4B, the DMRS ports corresponding to CDM group #0 are {port #0, 1, 12, 13} and {port #6, 7, 18, 19}, the DMRS ports corresponding to CDM group #1 are {port #2, 3, 14, 15} and {port #8, 9, 20, 21}, and the DMRS ports corresponding to CDM group #2 are {port #4, 5, 16, 17} and {port #10, 11, 22, 23}.

[0091] (DMRS Port Combinations) In antenna port indication of DMRS ports for PDSCH with DMRS maximum length = 1 / 2, Extended Type 1, and Extended Type 2, it is considered that all of the port combinations in the following categories can be indicated: (Category 1) Combinations of multiple indexes of existing ports (p = 0 to 7 for Extended Type 1, p = 0 to 11 for Extended Type 2). (Category 2) Combinations of multiple indexes of new ports (p = 8 to 15 for Extended Type 1, p = 12 to 23 for Extended Type 2). (Category 3) Combinations of existing port indexes and new port indexes within one CDM group with at least DMRS max length = 1 (for Extended Type 1, at least one combination of up to 4 ports from p = {0,1,8,9} and up to 4 ports from p = {2,3,10,11}; for Extended Type 2, at least one combination of up to 4 ports from p = {0,1,12,13} and up to 4 ports from p = {2,3,14,15}). For up to 4 ranks, only one CDM group is used. For more than 4 ranks, more than one CDM group can be used.

[0092] The DMRS port for the PDSCH is determined by p+1000.

[0093] It is being considered that maximum DMRS length = 1 and rank = 5, 6, 7, 8 will be supported in the DMRS port of Extended Type 1 / Extended Type 2 for PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0094] (UE PT-RS Transmission Procedure) In Rel. 18, it is being considered that the extended type 1 (eType1) DMRS port will enable up to 8 ports per symbol, and the extended type 2 (eType2) DMRS port will enable up to 12 ports per symbol.

[0095] It is considered that the ratio of PTRS energy per resource element (EPRE) to PUSCH EPRE (PTRS EPRE / PUSCH EPRE) will be extended. In 8-layer PUSCH transmission (8Tx PUSCH), it is considered that the factor for the power ratio of PUSCH to PTRS per layer per RE will be specified based on the following principles: Principle 1: When ptrs-Power is set to 01, the factor (α PTRS PUSCH ) is 10log 10 (L), where L is the total number of PUSCH layers. Principle 2: When ptrs-Power is set to 00, the factor (α PTRS PUSCH ) is determined as follows: Principle 2.1: The factor (α) for fully coherent TPMI PTRS PUSCH ) is 10log 10 (L), where L is the total number of PUSCH layers. -- Principle 2.2: Factor (α PTRS PUSCH ) is 10log 10 (Q p ) where Q p is the number of PTRS ports scheduled for the UE. -- Principle 2.3: Factor (α PTRS PUSCH ) is 10log 10 (Q p ) where Q p is the number of PTRS ports scheduled for the UE.

[0096] If ptrs-Power is set to 00, the factor (α PTRS PUSCH ) can be one of several options: Option 1: min{10log 10 (L x )+10log 10 (Q p ),10log 10 (L)}, where L x Q is the number of PUSCH layers that are coherently precoded with the PUSCH layer to which PTRS port x is associated. p is the number of PTRS ports scheduled for the UE; L is the total number of PUSCH layers; - Option 2: 10 log 10 (L x )+10log 10 (Q p ), where L x Q is the number of PUSCH layers that are coherently precoded with the PUSCH layer to which PTRS port x is associated. p is the number of PTRS ports scheduled for the UE.

[0097] In fully coherent systems, the number of PTRS ports is always 1. One PTRS port is precoded by (number of ports * number of layers = 1) precoding matrices. The PUSCHs of X layers are precoded by (number of ports * number of layers) precoding matrices. This results in a transmit power ratio of PTRS to PUSCH per layer per RE of 10log 10 (Number of PUSCH layers) [dB].

[0098] In non-coherent, the number of PTRS ports is 1 or 2. - If UL-PTRS-power="00", the PTRS port borrows power from different REs of the same layer (REs used for PTRS on different ports). If the number of PTRS ports is 1, no power boosting is performed. Otherwise, if the number of PTRS ports is 2, the REs for PTRS on other ports are muted and their power is borrowed. - If UL-PTRS-power="01", the PTRS port borrows power from the same RE of different layers. Therefore, the transmit power ratio of PTRS to PUSCH per RE per layer is 10log 10 (Number of PUSCH layers) [dB] is always supported.

[0099] In partial coherence, the number of PTRS ports is 1 or 2. - If UL-PTRS-power="00", a combination of two power borrowing methods is used: borrowing power from different REs of the same layer (REs used for PTRS on different ports) and borrowing power from the same RE on different layers (outside the coherent group). For a 4-layer PUSCH, two coherent groups are considered. If the number of PTRS ports is 1, the PTRS port borrows power from the same RE on different layers within the coherent group. That is, the transmit power ratio of PTRS to PUSCH per RE per layer is 10log 10 (number of PUSCH layers in the coherent group) [dB]. Otherwise, if the number of PTRS ports is 2, power is borrowed from the same RE on different layers in the coherent group, and power is borrowed from different REs on the same layer that are used for PTRS on another layer. That is, the transmit power ratio of PTRS to PUSCH per RE per layer is 10log 10{(Number of PUSCH layers in a coherent group) * (Number of PTRS ports)} [dB]. - If UL-PTRS-power="01", the PTRS ports borrow power from the same RE of different layers. Therefore, the transmit power ratio of PTRS to PUSCH per layer per RE is 10log 10 (Number of PUSCH layers) [dB] is always supported.

[0100] (Rel. 18 UE PT-RS transmission procedure: Physical layer procedure for data / PUSCH-related procedure / UE RS procedure / UE PT-RS transmission procedure / UE PT-RS transmission procedure when transform precoder is disabled) When the UE transmits Q p ={1,2} PT-RS ports, and the number of scheduled layers is n layer PUSCH If ρ = 1, the UE may follow at least one of the following procedures: If the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter ptrs-Power, the PUSCH to PT-RS power ratio ρ per RE per layer PTRS PUSCH is ρ PTRS PUSCH =-α PTRS PUSCH [dB], and the PT-RS scaling factor β PTRS is β PTRS =10^(-ρ PTRS PUSCH / 20) and is also given in the 'Precoding Information and Number of Layers' field in the DCI, where α PTRS PUSCHis according to the higher layer parameter ptrs-Power, as shown in Table U-3 of Figure 5 and Table U-3A of Figure 6. - If ptrs-Power in PTRS-UplinkConfig is set or in case of non-codebook PUSCH, the UE shall assume that ptrs-Power is set to state "00" in Table U-3.

[0101] Table U-3 shows the relationship between ptrs-Power (UL-PTRS-power) and the number of PUSCH layers n layer PUSCH and a factor α related to the power ratio of PUSCH to PT-RS per layer per RE other than fully coherent / partially coherent / non-coherent / non-codebook-based transmission and 8 Tx PUSCH transmission. PTRS PUSCH Table U-3A shows the association between ptrs-Power (UL-PTRS-power) and the number of PUSCH layers n layer PUSCH and a factor α related to the power ratio of PUSCH to PT-RS per layer per RE in 8 Tx PUSCH transmission. PTRS PUSCH This is the association with.

[0102] (DL Power Allocation) In DL power allocation, the power of the reference signal (RS) is set higher than the power of other channels, which makes channel estimation and detection easier and more accurate. Also, to avoid power fluctuations at the receiver (UE), it is preferable to transmit at a constant power in all OFDM symbols.

[0103] In Rel. 15 NR, the UE assumes that the PDSCH demodulation reference signal (DM-RS, DL DM-RS) is mapped to physical resources according to the DM-RS configuration type 1 or configuration type 2 given by the upper layer parameter dmrs-Type. The UE determines the factor β so that the PDSCH DM-RS sequence r(m) complies with the specified transmit power. PDSCH DMRS This scaling is done by adding a factor β PDSCH DMRS is multiplied by

[0104] For the DM-RS associated with the PDSCH, the UE determines the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DM-RS EPRE (ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DM-RS EPRE) β DMRS It may be assumed that [dB] is given according to the number of DM-RS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups without data from a table defined in the specification. PDSCH DMRS is 10^(-β DMRS / 20). According to the table in the specification, for example, when the number of DM-RS CDM groups without data is 2, regardless of the DM-RS configuration type, β DMRS is -3 dB, and β PDSCH DMRS is approximately square root of 2, the amplitude of the DM-RS is scaled by approximately square root of 2 (the power of the DM-RS is scaled by approximately 2).

[0105] In Rel. 15 NR, the UE assumes that a phase-tracking reference signal (PT-RS, DL PT-RS) is present only in resource blocks (RBs) used for the PDSCH only if the higher layer parameter (phaseTrackingRS in the DMRS configuration information for PDSCH (DMRS-DownlinkConfig)) indicates that a phase-tracking reference signal (PT-RS) is used. If a PT-RS is present, the UE must adjust the PDSCH PT-RS by a factor β to comply with the specified transmit power. PT-RS,i This scaling is assumed to be k Factor β PT-RS,i is multiplied by

[0106] When a UE is scheduled using a PT-RS port (PT-RS antenna port) associated with a PDSCH, if the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter epre-ratio, the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE for the PT-RS port (PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE for PT-RS port) ρ PTRS is given according to the epre-Ratio from the table specified in the specification, and the PT-RS scaling factor (amplitude ratio) β PTRS (β PT-RS,i ) is 10^(ρ PTRS / 20). If the UE is not configured with epre-ratio, it is assumed that the epre-ratio is set to state '0'. According to the specification table, for example, if the number of PDSCH layers is 2 and the epre-ratio is 0, then ρ PTRS is 3 dB, and β PTRS is approximately square root of 2, the amplitude of the PT-RS is scaled approximately square root of 2 (the power of the PT-RS is scaled approximately twice).

[0107] (Rel. 17 DL Power Allocation: Data Physical Layer Procedures / Power Control / DL Power Allocation) For the DL DM-RS associated with the PDSCH, the UE determines the ratio of the PDSCH EPRE to the DM-RS EPRE (β DMRS [dB]) according to the number of DM-RS CDM groups without data, as given by Table D-1 in Figure 7. The DM-RS scaling factor β PDSCH DMRS is β PDSCH DMRS =10^(-β DMRS / 20).

[0108] If a UE is scheduled with one or two PT-RS ports associated with the PDSCH, the UE follows several procedures: If the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter epre-ratio, the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE (ρ PTRS ) is given by Table D-2 in Figure 8 according to the epre-Ratio. The PT-RS scaling factor β PTRS is β PTRS =10^(ρ PTRS / 20) - Otherwise, if the epre-Ratio is not configured, the UE shall assume that the epre-Ratio is set to state '0'.

[0109] Table D-1 associates the number of DM-RS CDM groups without data, the DM-RS configuration type (dmrs-Type), and the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DM-RS EPRE. Table D-2 associates the epre-ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE.

[0110] In link recovery, the ratio of PDCCH EPRE to NZP CSI-RS EPRE is assumed to be 0 dB.

[0111] (Analysis) The ratio of PTRS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE (PTRS EPRE / PDSCH EPRE) has not been thoroughly investigated.

[0112] As mentioned above, existing specifications specify a ratio of PTRS EPREs to PDSCH EPREs per layer per RE. In Rel. 17, the ratio is specified for up to six layers because UEs do not expect to be scheduled with DMRS with TD-OCC and PTRS in the same slot. In Rel. 18, single-symbol DMRS is considered to support up to eight ports in Extension Type 1 and up to 12 ports in Extension Type 2. Therefore, it is preferable that PTRS power boosting be extended to support seven-layer or eight-layer PDSCH transmissions.

[0113] If a UE is configured with a Rel. 18 DMRS port (enhanced DMRS) and is instructed to use 7 or 8 layers, the UE cannot determine the ratio of PTRS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE.

[0114] Therefore, the present inventors came up with the idea of ​​a method for allocating power in the downlink.

[0115] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Each of the following embodiments (e.g., each case) may be used alone or in combination of at least two of them.

[0116] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0117] In the present disclosure, terms such as activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0118] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0119] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc., or a combination thereof. In the present disclosure, the terms RRC signaling, RRC IE, RRC parameter, and higher layer parameter may be interchangeable.

[0120] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0121] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0122] In this disclosure, a b , a_b, and a with b added to the bottom right of a may be read interchangeably. c , a^c, and the notation of a with c added to the upper right of a may be read interchangeably. b c , a_b^c, a notation with b added to the bottom right of a and c added to the top right, may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, ceil(x), ceiling function, and ceiling function may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, floor(x), floor function, and floor function may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, sqrt(x), square root (root), may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, x ~ may be expressed by adding 〜 to the x, or may be referred to as x tilde. - may be represented by an x ​​with a - or may be called an x-bar.

[0123] In the present disclosure, the terms port, antenna port, PT-RS port, PDSCH port, and DM-RS port may be read interchangeably.

[0124] (Wireless Communication Method) <Embodiment 1> In the existing specifications, when the higher layer parameter epre-Ratio for setting the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE is 0 (set to state '0'), the value of the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE is 10log 10 (L), where L is the number of PDSCH layers. Table D-2 above may be extended by adding layers 7 and 8.

[0125] When the enhanced DMRS type (enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18) is configured for the PDSCH, the values ​​shown in Table D-2A defined as in the example of Figure 9 may be supported for the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE. Table D-2A shows an example of the association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE.

[0126] The following may be defined as the new DL power allocation:

[0127] <<Power Allocation for DL>> If a UE is scheduled with one or two PT-RS ports associated with the PDSCH, the UE may follow at least one of the following procedures: - If the UE is configured with the higher layer parameter epre-ratio, the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE (ρ PTRS ) is given by the table D1-2 defined as in the example of Figure 10 and the table D1-2A defined as in the example of Figure 11 according to the epre-Ratio. PTRS is β PTRS =10^(ρ PTRS / 20) - Otherwise, if the epre-Ratio is not configured, the UE shall assume that the epre-Ratio is set to state '0'.

[0128] Table D1-2 shows an example of the association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when enhanced DMRS (enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18) is not configured. Table D1-2 may be an association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18 is not set in DMRS-DownlinkConfig, or may be an association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI=2 is not set in PDSCH-Config.

[0129] PDSCH-Config may include DMRS-DownlinkConfig or maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI. - DMRS-DownlinkConfig may include dmrs-Type / enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18, maxLength, or phaseTrackingRS(PTRS-DownlinkConfig). maxLength (maximum length) indicates the maximum number of OFDM symbols for DL ​​precedence DMRS, and its value may be {1, 2}. - PTRS-DownlinkConfig may include epre-Ratio. The values ​​of epre-Ratio {0, 1, 2, 3, ...} may correspond to codepoints {00, 01, 10, 11, ...}, respectively. - maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI indicates the maximum number of codewords scheduled by one downlink control information, and its value may be {1, 2}.

[0130] Table D1-2A shows the association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when enhanced DMRS (enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18) is configured. Table D1-2A may be an association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18 is configured in DMRS-DownlinkConfig, or may be an association between the value of epre-Ratio, the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port, and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE when maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI=2 is configured in PDSCH-Config.

[0131] Instead of Table D1-2A, Table D2-2A defined as in the example of Fig. 12 may be defined / applied. Table D2-2A shows the relationship between the value of epre-Ratio and the number of PDSCH layers with DM-RS associated with a PT-RS port (n layer PDSCH ) and the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE.

[0132] <<Variation 1>> When Table D1-2A is applied, the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE may be increased for Layers 7 and 8, resulting in an increased peak-to-avarage power ratio (PAPR). The value of the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE may be capped or limited by a maximum value. For example, the maximum value may be 8 dB or 7.78 dB.

[0133] <<Variation 2>> The value of epre-Ratio may be {0, 1, 2} or may be another value.

[0134] According to this embodiment, the UE / base station can appropriately determine the ratio of PT-RS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE per layer per RE even when extended DMRS is applied to the PDSCH.

[0135] Second Embodiment With regard to the PTRS-DMRS association field for 8Tx PUSCH transmission, PTRS-DMRS association at ranks higher than 4 using extended DMRS ports or existing DMRS ports is considered.

[0136] For fully coherent PUSCH with ranks 5 to 8 with 1-port PTRS, the following may be supported: - The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. If the MCS for two CWs is the same, the PTRS port is associated with the first CW. The PTRS-DMRS association field is associated with the DMRS port as in Table P-25 (Figure 13).

[0137] For the PTRS-DMRS association field for fully coherent PUSCH with rank 5 to 8 with 1-port PTRS, for CWs with higher MCS, in case of PUSCH retransmission, the MCS of the first transmission is used for CW selection.

[0138] In a two-port PTRS for partial / non-coherent PUSCH, the PTRS-DMRS association for PUSCH with up to eight layers may follow at least one of the following options:

[0139] - Option 1: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 4 bits. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table Q-1 (Figure 14).

[0140] - Option 2: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. In the case of two CWs, the CW with the higher MCS may be selected. If the MCS for the two CWs are the same, the PTRS port may be associated with the first CW. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table Q-2 (Figure 15).

[0141] - Option 3: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. For PUSCH with rank 5 to 8, in addition to the 2-bit PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2, 2 bits of the antenna port field may be reused / repurposed. A total of 4 bits may be used for PTRS-DMRS association. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table R-1 (Figure 16).

[0142] - Option 4: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table R-2 (Figure 17).

[0143] For a partial / non-coherent (no CWs are disabled) PUSCH with one PTRS port and rank 5 to 8 transmission, the PTRS-DMRS association for the PUSCH may be as follows: - The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. - In the case of two CWs, the CW with the higher MCS is selected. - In the case of a PUSCH retransmission, the MCS of the first transmission may be used for CW selection. - If the MCS for the two CWs are the same, the PTRS port may be associated with the first CW. The association between the PTRS-DMRS association field and the DMRS port may follow Table P-25.

[0144] The number of bits in the PTRS-DMRS association field may be determined as follows:

[0145] - 0 bit in the case where PTRS-Uplink is not configured in either dmrs-UplinkForPUSCH-MappingTypeA or dmrs-UplinkForPUSCH-MappingTypeB and the transform precoder is disabled, or the transform precoder is enabled, or maxRank=1.

[0146] - otherwise, 2 bits. If 1 PTRS port and 2 PTRS ports are configured by maxNrofPorts in PTRS-UplinkConfig, respectively, and a DMRS port is indicated by the antenna port field, Table S-25 (Fig. 18) / Table S-25A (Fig. 19) / Table S-25B (Fig. 20) / Table S-26 (Fig. 21) is used to indicate the association between the PTRS port and the DMRS port. -- If the SRS resource indicator field is present and maxRank>2 and multipanelScheme is not set, this field indicates the association between the PTRS port and the DMRS port corresponding to at least one of the SRS resource indicator field and the precoding information and number of layers fields according to Table S-25 and Table S-26. -- If the SRS Resource Indicator field is present and equal to "10" and "11", and maxRank>2 and multipanelScheme is not set, the most significant bit (MSB) of this field indicates an association between a PTRS port and a DMRS port corresponding to at least one of the SRS Resource Indicator field and the Precoding Information and Layer Number fields, and the least significant bit (LSB) of this field indicates an association between a PTRS port and a DMRS port corresponding to at least one of the Second SRS Resource Indicator field and the Second Precoding Information and Layer Number fields, according to Table S-25A.-- If the SRS Resource Indicator field is present and equal to '10', and multipanelScheme is set to sdmScheme, and maxNrofPortsforSDM is set to 2, the most significant bit (MSB) of this field indicates an association between PTRS port 0 and a DMRS port corresponding to at least one of the SRS Resource Indicator field and the Precoding Information and Number of Layers field, and the least significant bit (LSB) of this field indicates an association between PTRS port 1 and a DMRS port corresponding to at least one of the Second SRS Resource Indicator field and the Second Precoding Information and Number of Layers field, according to Table S-25A. -- If the SRS Resource Indicator field is not present, and maxRank>4 and multipanelScheme is not set, this field indicates an association between a PTRS port and a DMRS port corresponding to a selected CW, according to Table S-25B. Here, if the MCS indices of the two CWs for the initial transmission PUSCH are different, the selected CW is the CW with the higher MCS for the initial transmission PUSCH; otherwise, the selected CW is CW0.

[0147] It is being considered that a two-port PTRS is configured for a partially coherent / non-coherent PUSCH. However, it is unclear how to establish a PTRS-DMRS association for a PUSCH with up to eight layers using a two-port PTRS for a partially coherent / non-coherent PUSCH.

[0148] Therefore, "PUSCH with up to eight layers" may mean "when more than four layers are configured in maxMIMO-Layers or MaxMIMO-LayersDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig."

[0149] "If more than four layers are configured in maxMIMO-Layers or MaxMIMO-LayersDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig" may mean the following: - If more than four layers are configured in maxMIMO-Layers in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig, the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 ​​is x bits. - If more than four layers are configured in MaxMIMO-LayersDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig, the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_2 is x bits.

[0150] For partially coherent / non-coherent PUSCH, if a two-port PTRS is configured in maxNrofPorts in PTRS-UplinkConfig and more than four layers are configured in maxMIMO-Layers or MaxMIMO-LayersDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig, the PTRS-DMRS association may follow one of the following options:

[0151] - Option 1: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 4 bits. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table Q-1.

[0152] - Option 2: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. In the case of two CWs, the CW with the higher MCS may be selected. If the MCS for the two CWs are the same, the PTRS port may be associated with the first CW. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table Q-2.

[0153] - Option 3: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. For PUSCH with rank 5 to 8, in addition to the 2-bit PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2, 2 bits of the antenna port field may be reused / repurposed. A total of 4 bits may be used for PTRS-DMRS association. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table R-1.

[0154] - Option 4: The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. The PTRS-DMRS association for UL PTRS ports 0 and 1 may follow Table R-2.

[0155] For a partial / non-coherent (no CWs are disabled) PUSCH with one PTRS port and rank 5 to 8 transmission, the PTRS-DMRS association for the PUSCH may be as follows: - The size of the PTRS-DMRS association field in DCI format 0_1 / 0_2 is 2 bits. - In the case of two CWs, the CW with the higher MCS is selected. - In the case of a PUSCH retransmission, the MCS of the first transmission may be used for CW selection. - If the MCS for the two CWs are the same, the PTRS port may be associated with the first CW. The association between the PTRS-DMRS association field and the DMRS port may follow Table P-25.

[0156] In the present disclosure, "when more than four layers are configured in maxMIMO-Layers or MaxMIMO-LayersDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-ServingCellConfig," "when more than four layers are configured in maxRank or maxRankDCI-0-2 in PUSCH-Config," and "when 2CWs are configured for PUSCH" may be read interchangeably.

[0157] According to this embodiment, the UE / base station can properly recognize / determine the PTRS-DMRS association field for PUSCH with more than four layers.

[0158] <Supplementary Information> [Notification of Information to UE] In the above-described embodiments, any information may be notified to the UE (from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))) (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0159] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0160] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0161] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0162] [Notification of Information from UE] In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0163] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0164] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0165] Furthermore, any information in the above-described embodiments may be notified from the UE periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0166] [Application of Each Embodiment] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when a specific condition is met. The specific condition may be defined in a standard or may be notified to a UE / BS using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0167] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a particular UE capability.

[0168] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments. Supporting Table D1-2A or D2-2A. Supporting epre-ratio=0 in D1-2A or D2-2A. Supporting Table D1-2A or D2-2A and supporting epre-ratio=0 in D1-2A or D2-2A may be reported as separate UE capabilities. There may not be a separate UE capability for the ratio of PTRS EPRE to PDSCH EPRE. The specification may specify that a UE supports the above embodiments if it supports enhanced DMRS (Rel. 18 DMRS port) and 2 codewords (CW) for PDSCH.

[0169] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0170] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0171] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when specific information related to the above-described embodiments (or performing the operations of the above-described embodiments) is configured / activated / triggered in the UE by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be information indicating that the operations of the above-described embodiments are enabled, specific RRC parameters for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18 / 19), etc.

[0172] The specific RRC parameter may indicate at least one of the following: a specific enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18 in DMRS-DownlinkConfig, maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI (maxNrofCodeWordsScheduledByDCI=2) in PDSCH-Config.

[0173] If the UE does not support at least one of the specific UE capabilities or is not configured with the specific information, the UE may apply, for example, Rel. 15 / 16 behavior.

[0174] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplemented with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal comprising: a receiver unit that receives a configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a type of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) with a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code having a length of 4; and a controller that determines a power ratio of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the configuration. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, in which the number of layers of the PDSCH is greater than 6. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, in which the controller determines the power ratio based on an association between an integer value for the power ratio in the configuration, a number of PDSCH layers with DMRS associated with a PTRS port, and the power ratio. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, in which the association is applied when the type is configured or when 2 is set as the maximum number of maximum codewords scheduled by one piece of downlink control information.

[0175] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0176] 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0177] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0178] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0179] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0180] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The locations and numbers of the cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0181] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0182] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0183] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0184] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0185] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0186] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0187] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0188] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0189] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0190] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0191] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0192] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0193] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0194] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0195] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0196] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0197] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0198] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0199] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0200] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0201] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0202] 23 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0203] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0204] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0205] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0206] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0207] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0208] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0209] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0210] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0211] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0212] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0213] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0214] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0215] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0216] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0217] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0218] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0219] The transceiver 120 may transmit a configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) type with a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code having length 4. The controller 110 may control transmission of the PDSCH and a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) based on the configuration. A power ratio of the PTRS to the PDSCH may be based on the configuration.

[0220] (User terminal) Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0221] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0222] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0223] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0224] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0225] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0226] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0227] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0228] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0229] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0230] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0231] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0232] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0233] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0234] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0235] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0236] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0237] Note that the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0238] The transceiver 220 may receive a configuration (e.g., PDSCH-Config) of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a type of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) (e.g., extended DMRS type 1 / 2) with a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code having length 4. The controller 210 may determine a power ratio of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the configuration.

[0239] The number of layers of the PDSCH may be greater than six.

[0240] The control unit 210 may determine the power ratio based on an association between an integer value for the power ratio within the configuration, the number of PDSCH layers with DMRS associated with the PTRS port, and the power ratio.

[0241] The association may be applied when the type is set or when the maximum number of codewords scheduled by one piece of downlink control information is set to 2.

[0242] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0243] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0244] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0245] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0246] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0247] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0248] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0249] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0250] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0251] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0252] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0253] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0254] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0255] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0256] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0257] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0258] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0259] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0260] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0261] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0262] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0263] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0264] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0265] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0266] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0267] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0268] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0269] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0270] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0271] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0272] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0273] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0274] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0275] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0276] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0277] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0278] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0279] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0280] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0281] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0282] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0283] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0284] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0285] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0286] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0287] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0288] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0289] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0290] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0291] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0292] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0293] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0294] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0295] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0296] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0297] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0298] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0299] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0300] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0301] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0302] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0303] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0304] 26 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0305] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0306] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0307] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0308] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0309] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0310] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0311] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0312] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0313] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0314] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0315] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0316] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0317] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0318] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0319] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0320] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0321] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0322] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0323] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0324] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0325] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0326] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0327] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...." "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (e.g., if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0328] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0329] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0330] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0331] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0332] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0333] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0334] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0335] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0336] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0337] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0338] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives the setting of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulated reference signal (DMRS) type with a frequency domain orthogonal cover code longer than 2, A terminal having a control unit that determines the power ratio of a phase-following reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the above setting.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the PDSCH corresponds to a number of layers greater than 6.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the power ratio based on the association between an integer value for the power ratio within the setting when the type of the DMRS is set, the number of layers of the PDSCH with the DMRS associated with the PTRS port, and the ratio of the energy per PTRS RE (EPRE) per layer per resource element (RE) to the PDSCH EPRE.

4. The steps of receiving the configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulated reference signal (DMRS) type with frequency domain orthogonal cover codes longer than 2, A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the step of determining the power ratio of a phase-following reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the above setting.

5. A transmitter that transmits a setting for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including a demodulated reference signal (DMRS) type with a frequency domain orthogonal cover code longer than 2, The system includes a control unit that controls the transmission of the PDSCH and the transmission of the phase-following reference signal (PTRS) based on the above settings, The power ratio of the PTRS to the PDSCH is determined based on the settings of the base station.

6. A system having a terminal and a base station, The terminal includes a receiving unit that receives the configuration of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including the type of demodulated reference signal (DMRS) with frequency domain orthogonal cover codes longer than 2, The system includes a control unit that determines the power ratio of the phase-following reference signal (PTRS) to the PDSCH based on the above setting, The base station includes a transmitting unit that transmits the settings, A system comprising: a control unit that controls the transmission of the PDSCH and the transmission of the PTRS based on the above settings.