Systems and methods for determining power for simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions

Abstract

Systems and methods are presented for determining power for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions for a network node. The network node can determine (i) a first power for the network node for a control link from the network node to a wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power for the network node for a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can perform at least one of (i) sending a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the control link, or (ii) forwarding a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the forwarding link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for determining power for simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions. Background Technology

[0002] The standards organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently developing a new air interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) and a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC). 5G NR will consist of three main components: the 5G Access Network (5G-AN), the 5G Core Network (5GC), and User Equipment (UE). To facilitate the implementation of different data services and needs, the network elements (also known as network functions) of the 5GC have been simplified, with some based on software and others on hardware, so that they can be adapted as needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are intended to address problems related to one or more issues raised in the prior art, and to provide additional features that will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are disclosed herein according to various embodiments. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and not limitation, and various modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art who read this disclosure while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium. A network node (e.g., a smart node (SN)) can determine: (i) a first power of the network node for a control link from the network node to a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS), gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP)), and (ii) a second power of the network node for a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can perform / initiate / run at least one of the following operations: (i) transmitting a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the control link, and / or (ii) forwarding a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the forwarding link. In some embodiments, when transmissions on the control link and transmissions on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node can determine that the first power over a period of time is the smaller of (or the minimum of) the following: (i) the maximum total power minus the second power, and (ii) a value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal (e.g., min((maximum total power - backhaul link output power), first C-link (control link) power)). In some embodiments, when transmission on the control link and transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the first power during this duration is determined as: the value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal minus the power offset (e.g., the output power of the second C-link = the first C-link power - the power offset).

[0005] In some embodiments, the power offset exists in at least one of the following situations: when the sum of the first power and the second power is greater than the maximum total power; not less than: a value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal plus a determined second power, and minus the maximum total power; a fixed value; or configured by the wireless communication node. The duration may include / is the entire / complete duration of the transmission of the first signal, which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal.

[0006] In some embodiments, the entire duration of the transmission of the first signal may include the duration of at least one of the following: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the PUSCH transmission is at least as follows: scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling or based on configuration authorization; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured as multiple repeating transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bond and determined as an actual time-domain window, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; physical uplink control channel (PUSCH) transmission. The transmission of a second signal (PUCCH) channel, configured to use dedicated or public resources; configured as multiple repeated PUCCH transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS binding and determined as actual time-domain windows, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH transmission is based on a contention- or contention-free random access (i.e., CBRA or CFRA) procedure, or a portion of a type 1 or type 2 random access procedure; or multiple signal detection reference signal (SRS) transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple signals at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, wherein the multiple signals are located within one period of a periodically configured SRS / one period of a periodically configured SRS.

[0007] In some embodiments, the duration may consist of one or more time slots that are part of the entire transmission of the first signal, each of the one or more time slots at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal. The first signal includes at least one of the following: a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, which is scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling or based on configuration authorization; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured as multiple repetitions, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) binding and not determined as an actual time-domain window, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUSCH) transmission. PUCCH transmissions configured to use dedicated or public resources; multiple PUCCH transmissions configured as multiple repetitions, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bindings and not determined as actual time-domain windows due to events, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmissions, wherein the PRACH transmissions are based on contention- or contention-free random access procedures, or portions of Type 1 or Type 2 random access procedures; or detection reference signal (SRS) transmissions for multiple signals, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple signals, each of the multiple signals at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal.

[0008] In some embodiments, when transmissions on the control link and the forwarding link occur simultaneously (e.g., at least partially overlapping or occurring concurrently in time), the network node may determine a second power for a duration (e.g., a time-domain resource or time range for which the second backhaul link power is applied) as the smaller of: (i) the maximum total power minus the first power, or (ii) the maximum total power or the network node's input power multiplied by the network node's configuration gain (e.g., amplification gain, unadjusted maximum gain). In some embodiments, the network node may apply the second power during at least one period of duration or incremental interval, wherein the incremental interval is at least one of the following: before the start of the duration, after the end of the duration, at least partially overlapping with the duration, predefined, reported as a capability of the network node, or configured by the wireless communication node.

[0009] In some embodiments, the duration corresponds to one of the following: a specific portion of the transmission of a second signal that overlaps with the transmission of a first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal using a subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS, wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more time slots of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more time slots of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; or one or more forwarding link operation time intervals of the second signal, wherein each of the one or more forwarding link operation time intervals overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the duration of transmission on a forwarding link may be determined by the forwarding link runtime based on at least one of the following: a radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; a medium access control element (MAC CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; a downlink control information (DCI) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; an ON-OFF indication indicating whether the forwarding link is running; or one or more time-domain resources associated with the beam indication or the ON-OFF indication.

[0011] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS), gNB, or transmit / receive point (TRP)) may receive / obtain / acquire at least one of the following: (i) a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a control link, or (ii) a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a forwarding link. The network node may determine (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Various exemplary embodiments of this solution are described in detail below with reference to the figures or drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and depict only exemplary embodiments of the technical solution to facilitate the reader's understanding. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered as limitations on the breadth, scope, or applicability of this solution. It should be noted that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale for clarity and ease of explanation.

[0013] Figure 1 An example cellular communication network is shown, which can implement the techniques disclosed herein, according to embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 2 Block diagrams of example base stations and user equipment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission links between the BS and the SN and between the SN and the UE according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 4 Example implementations for simultaneous (e.g., at least partially overlapping) backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 5 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 6 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 7 Examples of implementation structures for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 8 An example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown; Figure 9 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 10 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 11 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 12 An example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown; Figure 13 An example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown; Figure 14 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 15 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 16 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 17 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 18 Example implementations for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; and Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating an example method for determining the power of simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions for a network node, according to an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0014] 1. Mobile communication technology and environment Figure 1 An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, in which the technologies disclosed herein can be implemented. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 can be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, and is referred to herein as "network 100". Such an example network 100 includes base stations 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102", also called wireless communication nodes) and user equipment 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104", also called wireless communication devices) that can communicate with each other via communication links 110 (e.g., wireless communication channels), and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 covering a geographic area 101. Figure 1 In this context, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within their respective geographical boundaries in cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station operating on its allocated bandwidth to provide sufficient radio coverage to its intended users.

[0015] For example, BS 102 can operate on the allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide sufficient coverage to UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 can communicate via downlink (DL) radio frame 118 and uplink (UL) radio frame 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 can also be divided into subframes 120 / 127, which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In this disclosure, BS 202 and UE 104 are generally described herein as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes" that can practice the methods disclosed herein. According to various embodiments of this scheme, such communication nodes are capable of wireless and / or wired communication.

[0016] Figure 2A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) / OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) signals) according to some embodiments of this solution is shown. System 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating characteristics that do not require detailed description herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 may be used in applications such as... Figure 1 The wireless communication environment 100 is a wireless communication environment in which communication (e.g., sending and receiving) data symbols are as described above.

[0017] System 200 typically includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). BS 202 includes a BS (Base Station) transceiver module 210 (hereinafter also referred to as "BS transceiver 210"), a BS antenna 212 (hereinafter also referred to as "antenna 212"), a BS processor module 214 (hereinafter also referred to as "processor module 214"), a BS memory module 216 (hereinafter also referred to as "memory module 216"), and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 220. UE 204 includes a UE (User Equipment) transceiver module 230 (hereinafter also referred to as "UE transceiver 230"), a UE antenna 232 (hereinafter also referred to as "antenna 232"), a UE memory module 234 (hereinafter also referred to as "memory module 234"), and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 240. BS 202 communicates with UE 204 via communication channel 250, which (hereinafter also referred to as: wireless transmission link 250, wireless data communication link 250) can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for the data transmission described herein.

[0018] As those skilled in the art will understand, system 200 may also include, in addition to Figure 2Any number of modules other than those shown. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described in general terms of their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software may depend on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art described herein can implement this functionality appropriately for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0019] According to some embodiments, UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 including a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, each RF transmitter and RF receiver including circuitry coupled to antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternately couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time-duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, BS transceiver 210 may be referred herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 including an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, each RF transmitter and RF receiver including circuitry coupled to antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time-division duplex manner. The operation of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be time-coordinated such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 so that transmissions are received over the wireless transmission link 250 while the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operation of the two transceivers 210 and 230 can be time-coordinated so that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212, so that transmissions can be received via the wireless transmission link 250 while the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is tight time synchronization with a minimum guard time between changes in the duplex direction.

[0020] UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via wireless data communication link 250 (hereinafter also referred to as: wireless transmission link 250, wireless data communication link 250) and cooperate with RF antenna arrangements 212 / 232 appropriately configured to support specific wireless communication protocols and modulation schemes. In some illustrative embodiments, UE transceiver 210 and base transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards). However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not necessarily limited to application to specific standards and related protocols. Rather, UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternative or additional wireless data communication protocols (including future standards or variations thereof).

[0021] According to various embodiments, BS 202 may be, for example, an evolved Node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femtocell, or a picocell. In some embodiments, UE 204 may be implemented in various types of user equipment, such as mobile phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, laptops, wearable computing devices, etc. Processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented or realized using a general-purpose processor, content-addressable memory, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field-programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this way, the processor may be implemented as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, etc. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other combination of such configurations.

[0022] Furthermore, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be directly implemented in hardware, firmware, software modules executed by processor modules 214 and 236 respectively, or any practical combination thereof. Memory modules 216 and 234 can be implemented as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 can be coupled to processor modules 210 and 230 respectively, such that processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to memory modules 216 and 234 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 can also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, memory modules 216 and 234 may each include cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions executed by processor modules 210 and 230 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0023] Network communication module 218 typically represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of base station 202 that enable bidirectional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support Internet or WiMAX services. In a typical deployment, but without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface, enabling base station transceiver 210 to communicate with conventional Ethernet-based computer networks. In this way, network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)). The terms “configured as,” “configured to,” and their variations, used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., which is physically constructed, programmed, formatted, and / or arranged to perform a specified operation or function.

[0024] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "OSI model") is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communications used by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) for interconnecting and communicating with other systems. The model is divided into seven sub-components or layers, each representing a conceptual set of services provided to its upper and lower layers. The OSI model also defines logical networks and efficiently describes computer packet transmission using different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be the physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer or the Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer is other layers.

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of this solution are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to create and use this solution. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the scope of this solution after reading this disclosure. Therefore, this solution is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Furthermore, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein is merely exemplary. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed methods or processes can be rearranged while remaining within the scope of this solution. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or actions in an exemplary order, and unless otherwise expressly stated, this solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0026] 2. Systems and methods for determining the power of simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions for network nodes. Law A novel type of network node, the network control repeater, is introduced as an enhancement to the traditional RF repeater, capable of receiving and processing side control information from the network. As described herein, for simplicity, network nodes (including but not limited to network control repeaters, intelligent repeaters, enhanced RF repeaters, reconfiguration intelligent surfaces (RIS), and / or integrated access and backhaul (IAB)) may be represented, referenced, or provided as intelligent nodes (SNs) (e.g., network nodes).

[0027] If the network-controlled repeater (NCR) reports the appropriate capabilities, the NCR can support simultaneous C-link and backhaul link transmissions. When simultaneous C-link and backhaul link transmissions occur, it is unclear how to determine the power of the C-link and / or backhaul link to avoid exceeding maximum power limits. This disclosure presents a method for determining the power of simultaneous C-link and backhaul link transmissions for a network node.

[0028] Coverage is a fundamental aspect of cellular network deployment. Mobile operators can rely on different types of network nodes to provide comprehensive coverage in their deployments. Therefore, new types of network nodes are considered to improve the flexibility of mobile operator network deployments. For example, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) has been introduced as a new type of network node that does not require wired backhaul. Another type of network node is the RF repeater, which simply amplifies and forwards any signals received by the RF repeater. RF repeaters can support a wide range of deployments to supplement the coverage provided by conventional full-stack batteries.

[0029] Introducing a network control repeater (NCR) as an enhancement to traditional RF repeaters enables the receiving and processing of side control information from the network. This side control information allows the NCR to perform amplification and forwarding operations more efficiently. Potential benefits may include reduced unwanted noise amplification, better spatial directivity in transmission and reception, and simplified network integration. The NCR can be considered a stepping stone (e.g., as a variant, replacement, or modification) of a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS). RIS nodes can adjust the phase and amplitude of the received signal to improve / enhance coverage (e.g., network communication coverage). When C-link and backhaul link transmissions occur simultaneously (e.g., at least partially overlap), it is unclear which time resource power adjustment applies when the C-link and backhaul link transmissions fully or partially overlap. This disclosure describes a method for power sharing / allocation / determination / adjustment when C-link and backhaul link transmissions overlap in time-domain resources. In this disclosure, the method for power adjustment may not be applied to the absolute time-domain resources or the actual duration of overlap between the C-link and backhaul link transmissions. Conversely, power adjustment can be applied across overlapping symbols, overlapping time slots, the entire transmission duration, or the forwarding link runtime. Furthermore, different subcarrier spacings (SCS) are considered to determine the symbols and time slots on which power adjustment should be performed.

[0030] A smart node (SN) can refer to a node capable of supporting controlled amplification and forwarding or forwarding operations of wireless signals. Such a node can be a repeater, network control repeater, relay, part of a BS, transmit-receive point (TRP), RIS, or UE. An SN can support at least two functions. As a first function, the SN can receive and decode side control information from a controller (e.g., gNB, UE, or other third-party entity). As a second function, the SN can perform amplification and forwarding or forwarding operations based on the side control information received by the SN (e.g., implemented with the first function). In some implementations, the first function can be implemented through a communication unit (CU), mobile termination (MT), and / or part of the UE, or a third-party IoT device. The second function can be implemented through a forwarding unit (FU or Fwd), radio unit (RU), and / or part of the UE, or a RIS. In some embodiments, the SNCU can be an NCR-MT, and the SN FU can be an NCR Fwd. In some examples, the unit implementing each function (or each functional unit) may refer to a separate or dedicated component of the SN. In some examples, each functional unit may refer to a different logical part of a component of the SN. Alternatively, an interface enabling information exchange / conversion between these two units may also be supported.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission links between the BS and SN and between the SN and UE according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the transmission links between BS 102 and SN and between SN and UE 104 can be defined / described / provided as follows: C1 / C4: Control link (C-link) from the controller (e.g., BS or UE) to the SN CU; C2 / C3: Control link (C-link) from SN CU to the controller; F1: Forwarding link (backhaul link) from BS to SN FU. F2: Forwarding link (backhaul link) from SN FU to BS. F3: The forwarding link (access link) from SN FU to UE; and F4: Forwarding link (access link) from UE to SN FU.

[0032] F-link indicates that a signal from the BS or UE may be unknown to the SN FU. The SN FU can simply amplify and forward the signal without decoding it. F1 and / or F2 can also be called backhaul links (B-link), and F3 and / or F4 can also be called access links (A-link). B-link and A-link can be part of a forwarding link, and their combination can constitute / include a complete forwarding link. F1+F3 can be a complete DL forwarding link from the BS to the UE, where F3 can be an SN-FU DL forwarding link. F2+F4 can be a complete UL forwarding link from the UE to the BS, where F2 can be an SN-FU UL forwarding link.

[0033] C-link indicates / means that signals from one side can be detected and decoded on the other side, thus allowing the F-link state to be controlled using information transmitted in the control link. When the NCR supports simultaneous backhaul and C-link transmissions, C-link transmissions may not completely overlap with backhaul transmissions, as in potential scenarios such as... Figures 4 to 6 As shown. Figures 4 to 6 Example overlapping cases for simultaneous transmission according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0034] Furthermore, regarding the determination of overlapping time resources, for C-link, time resources can be determined based on UL transmissions. UL transmissions can include dynamically scheduled transmissions, configuration-authorized transmissions, and / or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmissions, all of which take into account the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the transmitted signal or channel. For backhaul links, since the SN does not know whether there are signals from the UE that need to be forwarded, backhaul link time resources (e.g., duration / window) can be determined based on the beam indication of the reference SCS configured for the SN FU's forwarding operation, through the forwarding link runtime (or "ON" duration). In some implementations, the reference SCS can be configured by the BS via RRC, for example, through the RRC parameter referenceSCS (reference SCS) and the beam indication for the access link. During the forwarding link runtime, the SN FU may be able to transmit or receive through the forwarding link, or may perform both transmit and receive operations. If a beam indication for the access link exists (e.g., a periodic beam indication via radio resource control (RRC), a semi-persistent beam indication via media access control unit (MAC CE), and an aperiodic beam indication via downlink control information (DCI), then the SN FU can be assumed to be ON (or operating on the forwarding link) within the indicated time-domain resource. Otherwise, the SN FU can be assumed / determined to be OFF by default, meaning that the SN FU does not transmit or receive, or does not perform transmit and receive operations via the forwarding link.

[0035] Furthermore, in some implementations, incremental intervals (or durations, time resources, transition periods) can be considered within or outside the overlapping time resources for the backhaul link. Incremental intervals can be declared by the vendor, reported by the SN as part of the SN's capabilities, or configured by the BS. An incremental interval may be a transition time due to the SN's power amplifier (PA) adjustment (or for the purpose of: the transition time of the SN's power amplifier adjustment). The SN can use higher power P1 for non-simultaneous transmission. When simultaneous transmission occurs, the SN can use lower power P2, and the SN may need / utilize some time (e.g., the incremental interval) to transition from P1 to P2. Incremental intervals can be considered part of the overlapping resources or outside of them. An incremental interval can exist in at least one of the following situations: before the start of the overlapping time resources; after the start of the overlapping time resources; before the end of the overlapping time resources; or after the end of the overlapping resources.

[0036] The following implementation examples are provided to determine the power of the C-link and backhaul links when backhaul and C-link transmissions occur simultaneously. When simultaneous transmissions occur, if both the C-link and backhaul links are transmitting using previous (e.g., previous / past levels) power, the maximum power may exceed the total maximum power limit. The implementation examples aim to reduce the power of either the C-link or the backhaul link, with Implementation Example 1 being for adjusting (e.g., reducing) the C-link power, and Implementation Example 2 being for adjusting (e.g., reducing) the backhaul link power. Figure 7 Examples of implementation structures for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0037] For simultaneous backhaul and C-link transmissions (e.g., F2 and C2 respectively), the total power of the two transmissions (e.g., the sum of the power of the C-link and backhaul links) is expected to be less than or equal to (e.g., not exceeding) the total maximum power limit / limit / upper limit (e.g., maximum power threshold). The following example features can be considered to avoid the total power of the two transmissions exceeding the total maximum power limit.

[0038] In some configurations, the total maximum power can be a fixed value (e.g., predefined in the specification or in regulations of different countries or regions). In some other configurations, the total maximum power can be adjusted / determined based on or according to the capabilities of the SN (e.g., reported by the SN through a capability report or declared by the supplier). In another example, the total maximum power can be configured by the BS.

[0039] In various embodiments of this disclosure, unless explicitly indicated / mentioned / provided, the C-link power can be determined / calculated / computed based on the UE power control mechanisms of certain systems for different channels (e.g., Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) and / or Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and other types of channels). In this disclosure, it is assumed that the SN supports the ability to transmit simultaneously on the control link and backhaul link. In some embodiments, the C-link power calculation formula may be presented / described / shown as follows: ●If C-link transmits PUSCH, then the C-link power can be calculated as follows: [dBm](1) ●If C-link transmits PUCCH, then the C-link power can be calculated as follows: [dBm](2) ●If C-link transmits PRACH, then the C-link power can be calculated as follows: [dBm](3) ●If C-link transmits SRS, then the C-link power can be calculated as follows: [dBm](4) Example 1 of implementation: When NCR simultaneously uses control links and backhaul links (e.g., respectively) in time domain resources When transmitting via C2 and F2, the C-link power can be adjusted (or reduced, or determined using other methods). In this implementation example, the amplification gain of the backhaul link may not be adjusted when simultaneous transmissions occur. The output power of the backhaul link can be calculated as: Backhaul link power = min(maximum total power, input power) (Amplification gain).

[0040] C-Link power determination when simultaneous transmissions occur For C-link, a first C-link power can be applied when the NCR is not transmitted simultaneously via the C-link and the backhaul link. A second C-link power can be applied when the NCR is transmitted simultaneously via the C-link and the backhaul link. The second C-link power can be determined by at least one of the following methods.

[0041] Second C-link power = min(maximum total power - backhaul link power, first C-link power) For different signals / channels, the first C-link power can be calculated according to formulas (1) to (4), and the calculated C-link power is compared with (maximum total power - backhaul link output power) so that the total output power does not exceed the total maximum power.

[0042] Second C-link power = First C-link power - Power offset For different signals / channels, the first C-link power can be calculated according to formulas (1) to (4).

[0043] In some implementations, a power offset may be applied when the sum of the first C-link power and the backhaul link power exceeds the maximum total power. In some implementations, the power offset may satisfy the condition that the power offset is not less than (first C-link power + backhaul link output power - maximum total power). In some implementations, the power offset may be a fixed value. In some implementations, the power offset may be configured by the gNB (e.g., via DCI, MAC CE, or RRC).

[0044] Time-domain resources (or time range) for applying the second C-link power. For simultaneous backhaul and C-link transmissions (e.g., cases 1 and 2 below), backhaul transmissions (e.g., determined by forwarding link runtime or "ON" duration based on beam indication) may occupy a set of symbols of an SCS-referenced SCS (e.g., an SCS or parameter set (numerology) configured for forwarding operations of an SN FU). This set of symbols may be aligned with the slot boundaries of the SCS-referenced SCS (e.g., in case 2) or not (e.g., in case 1), but in both cases, this set of symbols may not be aligned with the slot boundaries of the SCS of the C-link transmission (e.g., the SCS of PUCCH, PRACH, PUSCH).

[0045] Figure 8 Examples of simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions (e.g., overlapping cases 1 and 2) according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown. For C-link power, the power for each transmission for different signals / channels can be determined as described in Equations 1-4. For simultaneous transmissions, if the overlapping symbols are not aligned with the slot boundaries of the SCS of the C-link transmission (as shown in cases 1 and 2), the C-link power cannot be adjusted only in the overlapping symbols. At least one of the following options can be considered: Option 1-1: Allows determination / adjustment of C-link power for the entire C-link transmission that overlaps with backhaul link transmission. In other words, when simultaneous transmissions occur, a second (or possibly adjusted) C-link power can be applied to C-link transmissions that overlap with backhaul link transmissions (e.g., all or part of the C-link transmissions). In other / non-overlapping time-domain resources, a first (or unadjusted) C-link power can be applied.

[0046] For PUSCH or PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS binding (e.g., when the higher-layer parameters PUSCH-DMRS-Bundling or PUCCH-DMRS-Bundling are enabled), in some implementations, if one or more actual TDWs overlap with a backhaul link transmission, all defined actual time domain windows (TDWs) can be considered as the entire C-link transmission applying the second C-link power. In some other implementations, power adjustment (to use the second C-link power) can be defined as an event that causes power consistency and phase continuity to be compromised, and symbolic TDWs overlapping with backhaul link transmissions can be considered as the entire C-link transmission; therefore, actual TDWs may not include the entire C-link transmission.

[0047] In this option, C-link power adjustment can be applied to the entire transmission that overlaps with the backhaul link transmission. For example, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the entire transmission may occupy time slots 2 and 3 (e.g., multiple PUSCHs or repetitions). Although only time slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, C-link power adjustment can be applied to time slots 2 and 3. Figure 9 Example power adjustments for options 1-1, 1-2 for case 1 according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Figure 10 Examples of power adjustments for options 1-1, 1-2 for case 2 according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0048] C-link transmissions may include at least one of the following: (1) a single PUSCH transmission; (2) multiple PUSCH transmissions; (3) a PUCCH transmission; (4) a PRACH transmission; or (5) an SRS transmission. (1) A PUSCH can be scheduled by DCI or can be a configuration-based authorized PUSCH transmission. A single PUSCH can also be configured with repetitions. If one or more repetitions overlap with a backhaul link transmission, all repetitions of a single PUSCH can be subject to the same C-link power adjustment. (2) Multiple PUSCH transmissions can be scheduled by a single DCI. If one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions overlap with a backhaul link transmission, all PUSCH transmissions can be subject to the same C-link power adjustment. (3) A PUCCH can use dedicated or public resources. A PUCCH can also be configured with repetitions. If one or more repetitions overlap with a backhaul link transmission, all repetitions of a PUCCH can be subject to the same C-link power adjustment. (4) A PRACH can be a CBRA or CFRA. A PRACH can be part of a Type 1 random access procedure or a Type 2 random access procedure. (5) SRS can be configured periodically. If one or more SRS signals in a cycle overlap with backhaul link transmissions, the same C-link power adjustment can be applied to all SRS signals in a cycle.

[0049] Option 1-2: Allows determination / adjustment of C-link power for overlapping time slots of SCSs utilizing C-link transmission. In other words, when simultaneous transmissions occur, the second C-link power can be applied to overlapping time slots that overlap with the backhaul link transmission. The first C-link power can be applied to other time-domain resources. In this option, C-link power adjustment can only be applied to overlapping time slots that overlap with the backhaul link transmission throughout the entire transmission. For example, as... Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the entire transmission occupies time slots 2 and 3 (e.g., multiple PUSCHs or repetitions), but since only time slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, C-link power adjustment can only be applied to time slot 2.

[0050] The definition of C-link transmission can be the same as option 1-1, but the C-link power adjustment may be different. (1) With repeated single PUSCH transmission (in) Figure 10 For example): Assuming that two repetitions are configured to occupy time slots 2 and 3, and only the PUSCH repetition in time slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, then the C-link power adjustment can only be applied to time slot 2, while the power of the PUSCH transmission in time slot 3 can remain unchanged. (2) Multiple PUSCH transmissions (with Figure 10 For example): Assuming that a single DCI schedules two PUSCH transmissions occupy time slots 2 and 3, and only the PUSCH transmission in time slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, then C-link power adjustment can only be applied to time slot 2, while the power of the PUSCH transmission in time slot 3 can remain unchanged. (3) PUCCH transmission (taking Figure 10 For example): Assuming that two repetitions are configured to occupy time slots 2 and 3, and only the PUCCH repetition in time slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, then C-link power adjustment can only be applied to time slot 2, while the power of the PUCCH transmission in time slot 3 can remain unchanged. (4) PRACH transmission: PRACH can be contention-based random access (CBRA) or contention-free random access (CFRA). PRACH can be part of a type 1 random access procedure or a type 2 random access procedure. (5) SRS transmission: SRS can be configured periodically. If one or more SRS signals in (one or more) time slots overlap with the backhaul link transmission, the same C-link power adjustment can be applied to (one or more) time slots with overlapping SRS signals.

[0051] Example 2 of implementation: When NCR simultaneously uses control links and backhaul links (e.g., respectively) in time domain resources When transmitting via C2 and F2, the backhaul link power can be adjusted (or reduced, or determined using other methods). In this embodiment, for different signals / channels, the output power of C-link can be calculated according to formulas (1) to (4), which may mean / indicate that the power of C-link is not adjusted / determined when transmitting simultaneously.

[0052] Determining the backhaul link power when simultaneous transmissions occur For the backhaul link, assuming the NCR is not transmitted simultaneously via C-link and the backhaul link, the first backhaul link power can be applied. When the NCR is transmitted simultaneously via C-link and the backhaul link, the second backhaul link power can be applied. The first and second backhaul link powers can be determined by the following: Second backhaul link power = min(maximum total power - C-link power, first backhaul link power). The first backhaul link power can be determined by the following: First backhaul link power = min(maximum total power, input power). First amplification gain).

[0053] In some implementations, the second amplification gain for achieving the second backhaul link power can satisfy the following limitations: Input power Second amplification gain <= maximum total power - C-link power.

[0054] Time-domain resources (or time range) for applying the power of the second backhaul link. For simultaneous backhaul link and C-link transmissions (e.g., cases 3, 4, and 5 below), (e.g., determined by the forwarding link runtime or the “ON” duration based on beam indication) backhaul link transmissions occupy a set of symbols with SCS as reference SCS (e.g., the SCS or parameter set configured for the forwarding operation of the SN FU). (This set of symbols may or may not be aligned with the slot boundaries with reference SCS as SCS.)

[0055] Figure 11 Example overlap case 3 is shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 12 Example overlap scenario 4 is shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 13 Example overlap scenario 5 is shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure. For backhaul link power adjustment, backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to different levels of time resources, such as symbol level, slot level, forwarding link runtime level, and "ON" duration level. At least one of the following options can be considered.

[0056] Option 2-0: Allows adjustment of backhaul link power for overlapping absolute time resources. In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for overlapping absolute time resources (e.g., overlap cases 3 and 4). Backhaul link power can be configured as follows: Figure 14 and 15 Adjustments are made as shown. Figure 14 Example power adjustments for options 2-0, 2-1, 2-2 for case 3 are shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 12Example power adjustments for options 2-0, 2-1, and 2-2 for case 4 according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown. For case 3, backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to the first half of Sym (symbol) 2 of an SCS that utilizes the SCS of the C-link and backhaul link transmissions. For case 4, backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to Sym 3 that utilizes an SCS that uses the SCS as a reference.

[0057] Option 2-1: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for overlapping symbols that use SCS as a reference SCS. In this option, for overlapping symbols that utilize SCS as a reference SCS (e.g., overlap cases 3 and 4), the backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined. The backhaul link power can be set as follows: Figure 14 and 15 Adjustments are made as shown. For case 3, backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to Sym2, which uses SCS as the reference SCS. For case 4, backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to Sym3, which uses SCS as the reference SCS.

[0058] Option 2-2: Adjusts backhaul link power for overlapping symbols in SCSs using C-link transmission. In this option, the backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for overlapping symbols of the SCS utilizing C-link transmission (e.g., overlap cases 3 and 4). The backhaul link power can be adjusted as follows: Figure 14 and 15 Adjustments are made as shown. For case 3, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to the first half of Sym2, which uses SCS as the reference SCS. For case 4, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to Sym3 and Sym4, which use SCS as the reference SCS.

[0059] Option 2-3: Adjust the backhaul link power for overlapping time slots that utilize SCS as a reference SCS. In this option, the backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for overlapping time slots that utilize an SCS as a reference SCS (e.g., overlap case 5). The backhaul link power can be adjusted as follows: Figure 16 Adjustments are made as shown. Figure 16 Example power adjustments for options 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5 for situation 5 are shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Backhaul link power adjustments can be applied to time slot 2 that utilizes SCS as a reference SCS.

[0060] Options 2-4: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for overlapping time slots of SCSs utilizing C-link transmission. In this option, the backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for overlapping time slots utilizing C-link's SCS (e.g., overlapping case 5). The backhaul link power can be adjusted as follows: Figure 16 Adjustments are made as shown. Backhaul link power adjustment can be applied to the first half of time slot 2, which utilizes the SCS as the reference SCS.

[0061] Options 2-5: Adjust backhaul link power for the runtime of forwarding links that cover overlapping time resources (one or more). In this option, the backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the runtime of forwarding links covering overlapping time resources (e.g., overlap case 5). The backhaul link can be in the "ON" state in time slots 2 and 3 using SCS as the reference SCS (in other words, the SN FU can transmit or receive in time slots 2 and 3), and can be in the "OFF" state in time slots 1 and 4 according to beam indication (in other words, the SN FU may not transmit or receive in time slots 1 or 4). The backhaul link power can be adjusted as follows: Figure 16 Adjustments are made as shown. To further illustrate the definition of forwarding link runtime, Figure 17 and 18 Examples 1 and 2 are shown below.

[0062] In Example 1 (for example, Figure 17 )middle, Figure 17 This includes three forwarding link runtime intervals (e.g., {timeslots 2, 3}, {timeslot 5}, and {timeslot 7}), which are not contiguous with each other but exist within each forwarding link runtime interval. Time-domain resources are contiguous. Since only the forwarding link runtime intervals {timeslots 2, 3} overlap with (or cover) the overlapping time resources of the C-link, the second backhaul link power can be applied to {timeslots 2, 3}. The first backhaul link power can be applied to {timeslots 5} and {timeslot 7}.

[0063] In Example 2 (for example, Figure 18 ), Figure 18This includes three forwarding link operation time intervals (e.g., {sym 1, 2, 3}, {sym 6, 7, 8, 9}, {sym 12, 13, 14}), but the time-domain resources are continuous within each forwarding link operation time interval. Since the forwarding link operation time intervals {sym 1, 2, 3} and {sym 6, 7, 8, 9} overlap with (or cover) the overlapping time resources of the C-link, the second backhaul link power can be applied to {sym 1, 2, 3} and {sym 6, 7, 8, 9}. The first backhaul link power can be applied to {sym 12, 13, 14}. Backhaul link power adjustments can be applied to time slots 2 and 3, which utilize the SCS as the reference SCS.

[0064] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / below examples of implementations are not specific to these specific examples of implementations, but can be combined in any way (e.g., with any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise).

[0065] Figure 19 A flowchart of method 1900 for determining the power of simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions for a network node is shown. Method 1900 can use any one or more components and devices described in detail herein, in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1 to 18 Implementation is carried out. Generally, in some embodiments, method 1900 may be performed by a network node (e.g., a smart node (SN)). According to embodiments, additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in method 1900. At least one aspect of these operations relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium.

[0066] A network node (e.g., a smart node (SN)) can determine: (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS), gNB, or transmit / receive point (TRP)), and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can perform / initiate / run at least one of the following operations: (i) transmitting a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the control link, and / or (ii) forwarding a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the forwarding link. In some embodiments, when transmissions on the control link and the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node can determine that the first power over a period of time is the smaller of: (i) the maximum total power minus the second power, and (ii) a value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal (e.g., min((maximum total power - backhaul link output power), first C-link power)). In some embodiments, when transmissions on the control link and transmissions on the forwarding link occur simultaneously (e.g., within a certain / overlapping duration), the first power during this duration is determined as: a first power value specific to the type of the first signal minus a power offset (e.g., the output power of the second C-link = the first C-link power - the power offset).

[0067] In some embodiments, the power offset is applied when the sum of the first power and the second power is greater than the maximum total power; not less than: a value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal plus a determined second power and minus the maximum total power; a fixed value; or configured by the wireless communication node. The duration may include the entire duration of the transmission of the first signal, which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal.

[0068] In some embodiments, the entire duration of the transmission of the first signal may include the duration of at least one of the following: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the PUSCH transmission is at least as follows: scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling or based on configuration authorization; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured as multiple repeating transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bond and determined as an actual time-domain window, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; physical uplink control channel (PUSCH) transmission. The transmission includes: a PUCCH channel (PUCCH) transmission configured to use dedicated or public resources; multiple PUCCH transmissions configured to repeat, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS binding and determined as actual time-domain windows, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH transmission is based on a contention- or contention-free random access procedure, or a portion of a type 1 or type 2 random access procedure; or multiple signal detection reference signal (SRS) transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple signals at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, wherein the multiple signals are located within a period of a periodically configured SRS.

[0069] In some embodiments, the duration may include one or more time slots as part of the entire transmission of the first signal, or may consist of one or more time slots as part of the entire transmission of the first signal, each of the one or more time slots at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal. The first signal includes at least one of the following: a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the PUSCH transmission is in at least one of the following states: scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling or based on configuration authorization; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured as multiple repetitions, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) binding and not determined as actual time-domain windows, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal; a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUSCH) transmission. PUCCH transmissions configured to use dedicated or public resources; multiple PUCCH transmissions configured as multiple repetitions, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal; multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bindings and not determined as actual time-domain windows due to events, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmissions, wherein the PRACH transmissions are based on contention- or contention-free random access procedures, or portions of Type 1 or Type 2 random access procedures; or detection reference signal (SRS) transmissions for multiple signals, wherein one or more time slots may correspond to one or more of the multiple signals, each of the multiple signals at least partially overlapping with the transmission of a second signal.

[0070] In some embodiments, when transmissions on the control link and the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node may determine a second power for a duration (e.g., a time-domain resource or time range for which the second backhaul link power is applied) as the smaller of: (i) the maximum total power minus the first power, or (ii) the maximum total power or the network node's input power multiplied by the network node's configuration gain (e.g., amplification gain, unadjusted maximum gain). In some embodiments, the network node may apply the second power during at least one period of duration or incremental interval, wherein the incremental interval is at least one of the following: before the start of the duration, after the end of the duration, at least partially overlapping with the duration, predefined, reported as a capability of the network node, or configured by the wireless communication node.

[0071] In some embodiments, the duration corresponds to one of the following: a specific portion of the transmission of a second signal that overlaps with the transmission of a first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal using a subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS (e.g., configured / specified / indicated by a wireless communication node or base station), wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more time slots of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more time slots of the transmission of the second signal using the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; or one or more forwarding link operation time intervals of the second signal, wherein each of the one or more forwarding link operation time intervals overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.

[0072] In some embodiments, the duration of transmission on a forwarding link may be determined by the forwarding link runtime based on at least one of the following: a radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; a medium access control element (MAC CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; a downlink control information (DCI) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between a network node and a wireless communication device; an ON-OFF indication indicating whether the forwarding link is running; or one or more time-domain resources associated with the beam indication or the ON-OFF indication.

[0073] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS), gNB, or transmit / receive point (TRP)) may receive / obtain / acquire at least one of the following: (i) a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a control link, or (ii) a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a forwarding link. The network node may determine (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.

[0074] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only and not as limitations. Similarly, various diagrams may depict exemplary architectures or configurations provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand exemplary features and functionality of the present solution. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the solution is not limited to the illustrated exemplary architectures or configurations but can be implemented using various alternative architectures and configurations. Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will understand, one or more features of one embodiment may be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of this disclosure should not be limited to any of the illustrative embodiments described above.

[0075] It should also be understood that any reference to elements using names such as "first," "second," etc., in this document generally does not restrict the number or order of these elements. Rather, these names may be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements can be used or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0076] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols referenced in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will further understand that any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods, and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementation, analog implementation, or a combination of both), firmware, various forms of program or design code in conjunction with instructions (which may be referred to herein as "software" or "software module"), or any combination of these technologies. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation will not depart from the scope of this disclosure.

[0078] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein can be implemented within or executed by an integrated circuit (IC), which may include a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof. Logic blocks, modules, and circuits may also include antennas and / or transceivers for communicating with various components within a network or device. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration that performs the functions described herein.

[0079] If implemented as software, these functionalities can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium that enables the transfer of computer programs or code from one location to another. Storage media can be any available medium that is accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that is accessible to a computer.

[0080] In this document, the term "module" as used herein refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of such elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Furthermore, for purposes of discussion, various modules are described as separate modules; however, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according to embodiments of this solution.

[0081] Furthermore, memory or other storage devices and communication components may be used in embodiments of this solution. It should be understood that, for clarity, the above description refers to embodiments of this solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality among different functional units, processing logic elements, or domains can be used without diminishing the effectiveness of this solution. For example, functions shown to be performed by a separate processing logic element or controller may be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, references to specific functional units are merely references to suitable means for providing the described functionality and do not indicate a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0082] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is given the broadest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method comprising: The network node determines (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node; as well as The network node performs at least one of the following operations: (i) sending a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the control link, or (ii) forwarding a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via the forwarding link.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, When transmissions on the control link and transmissions on the forwarding link occur simultaneously: The network node determines that the first power over a given period of time is the smaller of: (i) the maximum total power minus the second power, or (ii) a value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal; or The network node determines the first power over the duration as: the value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal minus the power offset.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The power offset exists in at least one of the following situations: The application is performed when the sum of the first power and the second power is greater than the maximum total power. Not less than: the value of the first power specific to the type of the first signal plus the determined second power, and minus the maximum total power; It is a fixed value; or Configured by the wireless communication node.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The duration includes the entire duration of the transmission of the first signal, the transmission of the first signal and the transmission of the second signal at least partially overlap.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The entire duration of the transmission of the first signal includes the duration of at least one of the following: Physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the PUSCH transmission exists in at least one of the following cases: scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on configuration authorization; The PUSCH transmissions are configured to be multiple repeated transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal. Multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Multiple PUSCH transmissions are configured with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bond and determined as an actual time-domain window, wherein at least one of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal. Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, which is configured to use dedicated resources or public resources; The PUCCH transmissions are configured to be multiple repeated transmissions, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal. Multiple PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS binding and determined as actual time-domain windows, wherein at least one of the multiple PUCCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH transmission is based on a contention- or contention-free random access procedure, or a portion of a Type 1 or Type 2 random access procedure; or A detection reference signal (SRS) transmission of multiple signals, wherein at least one of the multiple signals at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, wherein the multiple signals are located within one period of a periodically configured SRS.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The duration consists of one or more time slots that are part of the entire transmission of the first signal, each of the one or more time slots at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The first signal includes at least one of the following: Physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the PUSCH transmission exists in at least one of the following cases: scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on configuration authorization; Multiple PUSCH transmissions are configured as multiple repetitions, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, and each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Multiple PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Multiple PUSCH transmissions are configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) binding and are not determined as actual time-domain windows, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, and each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal. Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, which is configured to use dedicated resources or public resources; Multiple PUCCH transmissions are configured as multiple repetitions, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple repetitions, and each of the multiple repetitions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Multiple PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) binding and not determined as actual time-domain windows due to events, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions, each of the multiple PUSCH transmissions at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH transmission is based on a contention- or contention-free random access procedure, or a portion of a Type 1 or Type 2 random access procedure; or Detection reference signal (SRS) transmission of multiple signals, wherein the one or more time slots correspond to one or more of the multiple signals, each of the multiple signals at least partially overlapping with the transmission of the second signal.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, When transmissions on the control link and transmissions on the forwarding link occur simultaneously: The network node determines that the second power over a period of time is the smaller of the following: (i) the maximum total power minus the first power, or (ii) the maximum total power or the input power of the network node multiplied by the configuration gain of the network node.

9. The method according to claim 2 or 8, comprising: The second power is applied by the network node during at least one of the duration or incremental interval, wherein the incremental interval is in at least one of the following situations: Before the duration begins, After the duration ends, It at least partially overlaps with the duration. It is predefined. The ability to be reported as a network node, or Configured by the wireless communication node.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The duration corresponds to one of the following: A specific portion of the transmission of the second signal that overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; The transmission of the second signal utilizes one or more symbols with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS, wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; The transmission of the second signal utilizes one or more symbols of the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more symbols overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; The transmission of the second signal uses one or more time slots with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) as a reference SCS, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; The transmission of the second signal uses one or more time slots of the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, wherein each of the one or more time slots overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; or The second signal has one or more forwarding link operation time intervals, wherein each of the one or more forwarding link operation time intervals overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The duration of transmission on the forwarding link is determined by the forwarding link runtime based on at least one of the following: A radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device. A Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device. The downlink control information (DCI) signal carries a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device. An ON-OFF indicator used to indicate whether the forwarding link is running, or One or more time-domain resources associated with beam indication or ON-OFF indication.

12. A method comprising: The wireless communication node receives at least one of the following: (i) a first signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a control link, or (ii) a second signal from the network node to the wireless communication node via a forwarding link. Wherein, the network node determines (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.

13. A non-transient computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An apparatus comprising: At least one processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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