Measurement for calibration

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates. An apparatus and method for measuring for calibration. A method performed by user equipment (UE) comprises receiving information regarding K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and a calibration report; and measuring the K NZP CSI-RS based on the information. The method further comprises determining a calibration offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on the measurement; and transmitting the calibration report including at least one indicator indicating the calibration offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS. Each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port. The calibration offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for measurement for correction. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication is one of the most successful innovations in modern history. Recently, the number of wireless communication service subscribers surpassed 5 billion and continues to grow rapidly. As the popularity of smartphones, tablets, "notepad" computers, netbooks, eBook readers, mechanical devices, and other mobile data devices increases among consumers and enterprises, the demand for wireless data traffic is skyrocketing. To meet this surge in mobile data traffic and support new applications and deployments, improving wireless interface efficiency and coverage is paramount. To satisfy the increased demand for wireless data traffic since the establishment of 4G communication systems and to support various vertical applications, 5G communication systems have been developed and are currently being deployed.

[0003] Fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology defines a wide frequency band to enable fast transmission rates and new services, and can be implemented not only in "Sub 6GHz" bands such as 3.5GHz, but also in "Above 6GHz" bands referred to as millimeter wave (mmWave), which include 28GHz and 39GHz. In addition, to achieve transmission rates 50 times faster than 5G mobile communication technology and ultra-low latency one-tenth of that of 5G mobile communication technology, the implementation of sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication technology (referred to as Beyond 5G systems) in the terahertz band (e.g., 95GHz to 3THz band) is being considered.

[0004] In the early stages of 5G mobile communication technology development, to meet service support and performance requirements related to enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), and massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC), beamforming and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) to mitigate path loss and increase transmission distance in mmWave, numerology support (e.g., operation of multiple subcarrier spacing) and dynamic operation of slot formats to efficiently utilize mmWave resources, early access techniques to support multi-beam transmission and broadband, definition and operation of Bandwidth Parts (BWP), new channel coding methods such as Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes for high-volume data transmission and polar codes for high-reliability transmission of control information, and L2 pre-processing, Standardization regarding network slicing and other methods to provide dedicated networks specialized for specific services has been underway.

[0005] Currently, discussions are underway regarding the improvement and performance enhancement of initial 5G mobile communication technology in consideration of services to be supported by 5G mobile communication technology. Additionally, physical layer standardization is in progress for technologies such as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, which aims to assist driving decisions for autonomous vehicles and improve user convenience based on information regarding the location and status of vehicles transmitted by vehicles; New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U), which aims to operate systems in unlicensed bands in compliance with various regulatory requirements; NR-UE power saving; Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN), which is direct communication between UE and satellite to secure coverage in areas where communication with the terrestrial network is impossible; and positioning.

[0006] In addition, standardization of wireless interface architectures / protocols is underway regarding technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to support new services through interoperability and convergence with other industries, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) to provide nodes for expanding network service areas by supporting wireless backhaul links and access links in an integrated manner, mobility enhancement including conditional handover and Dual Active Protocol Stack (DAPS) handover, and 2-phase random access (2-phase RACH for NR) to simplify random access procedures. Furthermore, standardization of system architectures / services is also underway regarding 5G baseline architectures (e.g., service-based architecture or service-based interface) for integrating Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technologies, and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) to provide services based on UE location.

[0007] With the commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems, the exponentially increasing number of connected devices will be connected to communication networks, and accordingly, it is expected that the enhanced functions and performance of 5G mobile communication systems and the integrated operation of connected devices will be required. To this end, new research is planned to be conducted regarding 5G performance improvement and complexity reduction, support for AI services, support for metaverse services, and drone communication utilizing eXtended Reality (XR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) to efficiently support Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR).

[0008] Additionally, the advancement of these 5G mobile communication systems may serve as a foundation for the development of new waveforms to provide coverage in the terahertz band of 6G mobile communication technology, multi-antenna transmission technologies such as Full Dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and massive antennas, metamaterial-based lenses and antennas to enhance coverage of terahertz band signals, high-dimensional spatial multiplexing technologies using Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), as well as full duplex technologies to increase frequency efficiency and improve system networks of 6G mobile communication technology, AI-based communication technologies that implement system optimization by utilizing satellites and artificial intelligence (AI) from the design stage and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions, and next-generation distributed computing technologies to implement services of complexity levels that exceed the limits of UE computing capabilities by utilizing ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources.

[0009] The foregoing information is presented for background information only to aid in understanding the present disclosure. No determination has been made, nor is any claim made, as to whether any of the foregoing is applicable as prior art in relation to the present disclosure. The problem to be solved

[0010] The present disclosure relates to measurements for correction.

[0011] The technical problems to be achieved through the various embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems may be considered by those skilled in the art through the various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. means of solving the problem

[0012] In one embodiment, user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE includes a transceiver configured to receive information regarding (i) K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and (ii) a correction report. The UE further includes a processor operably coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured to measure the K NZP CSI-RS based on the information and to determine a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on the measurement. The transceiver is further configured to transmit the correction report, which includes at least one indicator indicating the correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS. Each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port. The correction offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO).

[0013] In another embodiment, a base station (BS) is provided. The BS includes a processor and a transceiver operably coupled to the processor. The transceiver is configured to transmit information regarding K NZP CSI-RS, K>1, and a correction report, and to receive the correction report, which includes at least one indicator indicating a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS. Each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port. The correction offset corresponds to at least one of DO, FO, and PO.

[0014] In another embodiment, a method performed by a UE is provided. The method comprises receiving information regarding K NZP CSI-RS, K>1, and a correction report; and measuring the K NZP CSI-RS based on the information. The method further comprises determining a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on the measurement; and transmitting the correction report including at least one indicator indicating the correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS. Each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port. The correction offset corresponds to at least one of DO, FO, and PO.

[0015] Other technical features may be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art from the following drawings, description, and claims. Effects of the invention

[0016] The present disclosure relates to measurements for correction.

[0017] The effects that can be achieved through the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned in the various embodiments above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

[0018] Prior to the detailed description of the invention below, it may be advantageous to explain the definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term "couple" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, regardless of whether the elements are in a state of physical contact with each other. The terms "transmit," "receive," and "communicate" and their derivatives encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "include" and "comprise" and their derivatives mean inclusion without limitation. The term "or" means "and / or" inclusively. The phrase "associated with" and its derivatives mean to include, be included within, be interconnected with, include, be accommodated within, be connected to or associated with, be combined with or associated with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be close to, be bound to or associated with, have, possess the characteristics of, have a relationship with or associated with, etc. The term "controller" means any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or as a combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware. Functions associated with a specific controller may be centralized or distributed, whether local or remote. The phrase "at least one of" means that when used with a list of items, one or more different combinations of the listed items may be used, and only one of the items in the list may be required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any combination of A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C.

[0019] Additionally, the various functions described below may each be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs formed as computer-readable program code and implemented on a computer-readable medium. The terms “application” and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or parts thereof suitable for implementation in suitable computer-readable program code. The phrase “computer-readable program code” includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase “computer-readable medium” includes any type of medium accessible by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard disk drives, compact discs (CDs), digital video discs (DVDs), or any other type of memory. “Non-transitory” computer-readable media exclude wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit transient electrical or other signals. Non-transient computer-readable media include media in which data can be stored permanently and media in which data can be stored and later overwritten, such as rewritable optical discs or erasable memory devices.

[0020] Definitions for other specified words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those skilled in the art should understand that, in many cases, if not most, such definitions apply to the future use as well as the prior use of the words and phrases thus defined. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0021] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its advantages, the following description will be referenced in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, where similar reference numbers in the drawings indicate similar parts: FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary gNodeB (gNB) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4a illustrates an example of a wireless transmission path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4b illustrates an example of a wireless receiving path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a transmitter structure for beamforming according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a transmitter structure for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a receiver structure for a PDSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a transmitter structure for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a receiver structure for PUSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 10 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary physical layer functionality split according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 11 illustrates a diagram of an antenna port layout according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a UE moving along a trajectory having antenna groups (AG) / port groups (PG) of BSs located at co-located and distributed locations according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 13 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 14 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 15 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 16 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary downlink (DL) bandwidth part (BWP) resource according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary method performed by a UE in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0022] The various non-limiting embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure in FIGS. 1 through 17 and in this patent document discussed below are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any appropriately arranged system or device.

[0023] To meet the demand for increasing wireless data traffic following the establishment of 4G communication systems and to enable various vertical applications, 5G / NR communication systems have been developed and are currently being deployed. 5G / NR communication systems are being considered for implementation in higher frequency (mmWave) bands, such as the 28 GHz or 60 GHz bands, to achieve higher data rates or to enable robust coverage and mobility support in lower frequency bands, such as 6 GHz. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission distance, beamforming, Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Full-Dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive antenna techniques are being discussed in 5G / NR communication systems.

[0024] In addition, in 5G / NR communication systems, development is underway to improve system networks based on advanced small cells, radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, coordinated multi-points (CoMP), reception-end interference cancellation, etc.

[0025] Discussion of 5G systems and associated frequency bands is for reference only, as certain embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in 5G systems. However, the present disclosure is not limited to 5G systems or associated frequency bands, and embodiments of the present disclosure may be utilized in relation to any frequency band. For example, aspects of the present disclosure may also be applied to deployments of future releases that may use 5G communication systems, 6G, or even terahertz (THz) bands.

[0026] The following documents and standard specifications are incorporated by reference into this disclosure as fully described herein: [REF1] 3GPP TS 36.211 v17.3.0, "E-UTRA, Physical channels and modulation;" [REF2] 3GPP TS 36.212 v17.3.0, "E-UTRA, Multiplexing and Channel coding;" [REF 3] 3GPP TS 36.213 v17.3.0, "E-UTRA, Physical Layer Procedures;" [REF 4] 3GPP TS 36.321 v17.3.0, "E-UTRA, Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification;" [REF 5] 3GPP TS 36.331 v17.3.0, "E-UTRA, Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification;" [REF 6] 3GPP TR 22.891 v1.2.0; [REF 7] 3GPP TS 38.212 v18.0.0, “E-UTRA, NR, Multiplexing and Channel coding;” [REF 8] 3GPP TS 38.214 v18.0.0, “E-UTRA, NR, Physical layer procedures for data;” [REF 9] 3GPP TS 38.211 v18.0.0, “E-UTRA, NR, Physical channels and modulation;” [REF 10] 3GPP TS 38.104 v18.3.0, “E-UTRA, NR, Physical channels and modulation;” [REF 11] O-RAN.WG4.CONF.0-R003-v09.00, "O-RAN Working Group 4 (Fronthaul Working Group) Conformance Test Specification;" and [REF 12] O-RAN.WG4.CUS.0-R003-v13.00, "O-RAN Working Group 4 (Open Fronthaul Interfaces WG) - Control, User and Synchronization Plane Specification.".

[0027] FIGS. 1 through 17 describe various embodiments implemented using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication techniques in wireless communication systems. The description of FIGS. 1 through 3 is not intended to imply any physical or structural limitations on the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged communication system.

[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network (100) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network (100) illustrated in FIG. 1 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network (100) may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0029] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the wireless network (100) includes a gNB (101) (e.g., a base station, BS), a gNB (102), and a gNB (103). The gNB (101) communicates with the gNB (102) and the gNB (103). The gNB (101) also communicates with at least one network (130), such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data networks.

[0030] The gNB (102) provides wireless broadband access to a network (130) for a first plurality of user devices (UEs) within the coverage area (120) of the gNB (102). The first plurality of UEs includes a UE (111) that may be located in a small business; a UE (112) that may be located in a business; a UE (113) that may be a WiFi hotspot; a UE (114) that may be located in a first residence; a UE (115) that may be located in a second residence; and a UE (116) that may be a mobile device such as a cell phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless PDA, etc. The gNB (103) provides wireless broadband access to a network (130) for a second plurality of UEs within the coverage area (125) of the gNB (103). The second plurality of UEs includes a UE (115) and a UE (116). In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs (101 to 103) may communicate with each other and with the UE (111 to 116) using 5G / NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication techniques.

[0031] Depending on the network type, the terms "base station" or "BS" may refer to any component (or set of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmit point (TP), a transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G / NR base station (gNB), a macrocell, a femtocell, a WiFi access point (AP), or other wireless-enabled devices. A base station may provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols (e.g., 5G / NR 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) NR, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc.). For convenience, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Additionally, depending on the network type, the terms "user equipment" or "UE" may refer to any component such as a "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," "receiving point," or "user device." For convenience, in this patent document, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, regardless of whether the UE is considered to be a mobile device (e.g., a mobile phone or smartphone) or a fixed device (e.g., a desktop computer or a keyboard).

[0032] The dotted lines indicate the approximate range of the coverage area (120 and 125), which is shown as an approximate circle for example and explanation purposes only. It should be clearly understood that, depending on the configuration of the gNB and changes in the wireless environment associated with natural and artificial obstacles, the coverage area associated with the gNB, such as the coverage area (120 and 125), may have other shapes, including irregular shapes.

[0033] As described in more detail below, one or more of the UEs (111 to 116) include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for performing measurements for calibration. In certain embodiments, one or more of the BSs (101 to 103) include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof for supporting measurements for calibration.

[0034] Although FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless network, various modifications to FIG. 1 may be made. For example, the wireless network (100) may include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Additionally, a gNB (101) may communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide wireless broadband access to the network (130) to the UEs. Similarly, each gNB (102 to 103) may communicate directly with the network (130) and provide direct wireless broadband access to the UEs. Additionally, the gNBs (101, 102, and / or 103) may provide access to other or additional external networks, such as an external telephone network or other types of data networks.

[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary gNB (102) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the gNB (102) shown in FIG. 2 is for illustrative purposes only, and the gNB (101 and 103) of FIG. 1 may have the same or similar configuration. However, the gNB is provided in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 2 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any specific implementation of the gNB.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 2, the gNB (102) includes a plurality of antennas (205a to 205n), a plurality of transceivers (210a to 210n), a control unit / processor (225), a memory (230), and a backhaul or network interface (235).

[0037] Transceivers (210a to 210n) receive an incoming radio frequency (RF) signal, such as a signal transmitted by a UE in the wireless network (100), from an antenna (205a to 205n). Transceivers (210a to 210n) down-convert the incoming RF signal to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is processed by a receive (RX) processing circuit within the transceivers (210a to 210n) and / or the control unit / processor (225), which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The control unit / processor (225) may further process the baseband signal.

[0038] A transmission (TX) processing circuit within a transceiver (210a to 210n) and / or a control unit / processor (225) receives analog or digital data (voice data, web data, email, or interactive video game data, etc.) from the control unit / processor (225). The TX processing circuit generates a processed baseband or IF signal by encoding, multiplexing, and / or digitizing the transmitted baseband data. The transceiver (210a to 210n) up-converts the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted through antennas (205a to 205n).

[0039] The control unit / processor (225) may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB (102). For example, the control unit / processor (225) may control the reception of uplink (UL) channel signals and the transmission of downlink (DL) channel signals by the transceivers (210a to 210n) according to well-known principles. The control unit / processor (225) may also support more advanced wireless communication functions, such as beamforming or directional routing operations, thereby allowing the transmission / reception signals from or toward multiple antennas (205a to 205n) to be weighted differently to effectively steer the transmission signal in a desired direction. As another example, the control unit / processor (225) may support a measurement method for correction. In the gNB (102), the control unit / processor (225) can support a wide variety of other functions.

[0040] The control unit / processor (225) can also execute programs and other processes residing in memory (230), such as a process for supporting measurements for correction. The control unit / processor (225) can move data in and out of memory (230) according to the requirements of the execution process.

[0041] The control unit / processor (225) is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface (235). The backhaul or network interface (235) enables the gNB (102) to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or network. The interface (235) may support communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, if the gNB (102) is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G / NR, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface (235) enables the gNB (102) to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. If the gNB (102) is implemented as an access point, the interface (235) enables the gNB (102) to communicate via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). The interface (235) includes any suitable structure that supports communication via a wired or wireless connection, such as Ethernet or a transceiver.

[0042] The memory (230) is coupled to the control unit / processor (225). Part of the memory (230) may include RAM, and another part of the memory (230) may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0043] Although FIG. 2 illustrates an example of gNB (102), various modifications may be made to FIG. 2. For example, gNB (102) may include any number of each component shown in FIG. 2. Additionally, the various components of FIG. 2 may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added as needed.

[0044] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary UE (116) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE (116) illustrated in FIG. 3 is for illustrative purposes only, and the UEs (111 to 115) of FIG. 1 may have the same or similar configurations. However, the UE is provided in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 3 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any specific implementation of the UE.

[0045] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the UE (116) includes antenna(s) (305), transceiver(s) (310), and a microphone (320). The UE (116) also includes a speaker (330), a processor (340), an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) (345), an input unit (350), a display (355), and memory (360). The memory (360) includes an operating system (OS) (361) and one or more applications (362).

[0046] Transceiver(s) (310) receive an incoming RF signal transmitted by the gNB of the wireless network (100) from the antenna(s) (305). Transceiver(s) (310) down-convert the incoming RF signal to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is processed by an RX processing circuit within the transceiver(s) (310) and / or processor (340), which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuit transmits the processed baseband signal to a speaker (330) (such as for voice data) or is processed by the processor (340) (such as for web browsing data).

[0047] A TX processing circuit within the transceiver(s) (310) and / or processor (340) receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone (320) or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor (340). The TX processing circuit encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The transceiver(s) (310) up-converts the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted through the antenna(s) (305).

[0048] The processor (340) may include one or more processors or other processing devices and may execute an OS (361) stored in memory (360) to control the overall operation of the UE (116). For example, the processor (340) may control the reception of DL channel signals and the transmission of uplink (UL) channel signals by the transceiver(s) (310) according to well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor (340) includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0049] The processor (340) may also execute other processes and programs residing in memory (360). For example, the processor (340) may execute a process for measurement for calibration as described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor (340) may move data in and out of memory (360) as required by the execution process. In some embodiments, the processor (340) is configured to execute an application (362) based on the OS (361) or in response to a signal received from a gNB or an operator. The processor (340) is also coupled to an I / O interface (345), which provides the UE (116) with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface (345) is a communication path between these accessories and the processor (340).

[0050] The processor (340) is also coupled to an input unit (350) and a display (355), including, for example, a touchscreen, a keypad, etc. An operator of the UE (116) may use the input unit (350) to input data into the UE (116). The display (355) may be a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as one derived from a website.

[0051] The memory (360) is coupled to the processor (340). Part of the memory (360) may include random-access memory (RAM), and another part of the memory (360) may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0052] Although FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a UE (116), various modifications can be made to FIG. 3. For example, various components of FIG. 3 may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added as needed. As a specific example, the processor (340) may be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). In another example, the transceiver(s) (310) may include any number of transceivers and signal processing chains and may be connected to any number of antennas. Also, although FIG. 3 illustrates a UE (116) configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, the UE may be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0053] FIGS. 4a and FIGS. 4b each illustrate examples of a wireless transmission path (400) and a reception path (450) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the transmission path (400) may be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as gNB (102)), and the reception path (450) may be described as being implemented in a UE (such as UE (116)). However, it will be understood that the reception path (450) may be implemented in a gNB and the transmission path (400) may be implemented in a UE. In some embodiments, the transmission path (400) and / or the reception path (450) are set up for measurements for correction as described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0054] As illustrated in FIG. 4a, the transmission path (400) includes a channel coding and modulation block (405), a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block (410), an inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) block of size N (415), a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block (420), an add cyclic prefix block (425), and an up-converter (UC) (430). The receiving path (450) includes a down-converter (DC) (455), a remove cyclic prefix block (460), an S-to-P block (465), a size N Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) block (470), a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block (475), and a channel decoding and demodulation block (480).

[0055] In the transmission path (400), the channel coding and modulation block (405) receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low-density parity checking (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as using Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency-domain modulated symbols. The serial-to-parallel block (410) converts the serially modulated symbols into parallel data (e.g., de-multiplexes) to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the IFFT / FFT size used in the gNB and UE. The size N IFFT block (415) performs an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. The parallel-to-serial block (420) converts (e.g., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from the size N IFFT block (415) to generate a serial time-domain signal. The cyclic prefix addition block (425) inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. The up-converter (430) modulates (e.g., up-converts) the output of the cyclic prefix addition block (425) to an RF frequency for transmission over a wireless channel. The signal may also be filtered in the baseband prior to conversion to the RF frequency.

[0056] As illustrated in FIG. 4b, a down-converter (455) down-converts the received signal to a baseband frequency, and a cyclic pre-removal block (460) removes the cyclic pre-removal to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. A serial-to-parallel block (465) converts the time-domain baseband signal into a parallel time-domain signal. A size N FFT block (470) performs an FFT algorithm to generate an N parallel frequency-domain signal. A P-to-S block (475) converts the parallel frequency-domain signal into a sequence of modulated data symbols. A channel decoding and demodulation block (480) demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to restore the original input data stream.

[0057] Each of the gNBs (101 to 103) can implement a transmission path (400) similar to transmitting to the UE (111 to 116) in the downlink and a reception path (450) similar to receiving from the UE (111 to 116) in the uplink. Similarly, each of the UEs (111 to 116) can implement a transmission path (400) for transmitting to the gNB (101 to 103) in the uplink and a reception path (450) for receiving from the gNB (101 to 103) in the downlink.

[0058] Each component of FIGS. 4a and 4b may be implemented using only hardware or a combination of hardware and software / firmware. As a specific example, at least some of the components of FIGS. 4a and 4b may be implemented in software, and other components may be implemented in configurable hardware or a combination of software and configurable hardware. For example, the FFT block (470) and the IFFT block (415) may be implemented as configurable software algorithms, in which case the value of size N may change depending on the implementation.

[0059] Additionally, although it has been described that FFT and IFFT are used, this is merely for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure. Other types of transforms, such as Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions, may be used. It will be understood that the value of variable N can be any integer (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) for the DFT and IDFT functions, and the value of variable N can be any integer that is a power of 2 (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.) for the FFT and IFFT functions.

[0060] Although FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate examples of wireless transmission and reception paths (400 and 450), various modifications can be made to FIGS. 4a and 4b. For example, various components of FIGS. 4a and 4b may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added as needed. Additionally, FIGS. 4a and 4b are intended to illustrate examples of types of transmission and reception paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture may be used to support wireless communication in a wireless network.

[0061] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary transmitter structure (500) for beamforming according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In a particular embodiment, one or more of a gNB (102) or a UE (116) are included in the transmitter structure (500). For example, one or more of an antenna (205) and an associated system or an antenna (305) and an associated system may be included in the transmitter structure (500). This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0062] Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure recognize that Rel-14 LTE and Rel-15 NR support up to 32 channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) antenna ports, allowing an eNB or gNB to have multiple antenna elements (e.g., 64 or 128). Multiple antenna elements may be mapped to a single CSI-RS port. For the mmWave band, the number of antenna elements for a given form factor may be greater, but the number of CSI-RS ports corresponding to the number of digitally precoded ports may be limited due to hardware constraints (e.g., the feasibility of installing multiple analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) / digital-to-analog converters (DACs) at mmWave frequencies as illustrated in FIG. 5). Then, one CSI-RS port can be mapped to a number of antenna elements that can be controlled by an analog phase shifter bank (501). One CSI-RS port can correspond to one sub-array that generates a narrow analog beam through analog beamforming (505). This analog beam can be set to sweep a wider range of angles (520) by changing the phase shifter bank across a symbol or slot / subframe. The number of sub-arrays (equal to the number of RF chains) is equal to the number of CSI-RS ports NCSI-PORT. A digital beamforming unit (510) performs linear coupling across the NCSI-PORT analog beams to further increase the precoding gain.While analog beams are broadband (and therefore not frequency-selective), digital precoding can vary across frequency subbands or resource blocks. Receiver operation can be considered similarly.

[0063] Since the transmitter structure (500) of FIG. 5 utilizes multiple analog beams for transmission and reception (wherein one or a few analog beams are selected from the multiple beams, for example, after a training period performed on a case-by-case or periodic basis), the term “multi-beam operation” is used to refer to aspects of the entire system. This includes, for example, indicating an assigned DL or UL TX beam (also referred to as “beam indication”), measuring at least one reference signal for the calculation and execution of beam reporting (also referred to as “beam measurement”) and “beam reporting”), and receiving a DL or UL transmission through the selection of a corresponding RX beam. The system of FIG. 5 is also applicable to higher frequency bands such as >52.6 GHz (also referred to as frequency range 4 (FR4)). In this case, the system may use only analog beams. Due to O2 absorption loss near the 60 GHz frequency (an additional loss of ~10 dB per 100 m distance), a larger number of narrower analog beams (and thus a larger number of radiating elements within the array) are essential to compensate for additional path loss.

[0064] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary transmitter structure (600) for a PDSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the transmitter structure (600) may be implemented in the gNB (102) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0065] As illustrated in FIG. 6, information bits (610) are encoded by an encoder (620), such as a turbo encoder, and modulated by a modulator (630), for example using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). A serial-to-parallel (S / P) converter (640) generates M modulation symbols, which are then provided to a mapper (650) and mapped to resource elements (RE) selected by a transmit BW selection unit (655) for an allocated PDSCH transmit bandwidth (BW). A unit (660) applies an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and the output is then serialized by a parallel-to-serial (P / S) converter (670) to generate a time-domain signal, which is filtered by a filter (680), and the signal is transmitted (690). Additional functions such as data scrambling, circular preposition insertion, time windowing, interleaving, and others are well known in the art and are therefore not illustrated for the sake of simplification.

[0066] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary receiver structure (700) for a PDSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the receiver structure (700) may be implemented by any of the UEs (111 to 116) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 7, the received signal (710) is filtered by a filter (720), the RE (730) for the assigned received BW is selected by a BW selector (735), the unit (740) applies a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the output is serialized by a parallel-to-serial converter (750). Subsequently, a demodulator (760) coherently demodulates data symbols by applying a channel estimate obtained from a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) or a CRS (not shown), and a decoder (770), such as a turbo decoder, decodes the demodulated data to provide an estimate of information data bits (780). Additional functions such as time windowing, cyclic prefix removal, descrambling, channel estimation, and deinterleaving are not shown for the sake of simplification.

[0068] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary transmitter structure (800) for PUSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the transmitter structure (800) may be implemented in the gNB (103) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0069] As illustrated in FIG. 8, information data bits (810) are encoded by an encoder (820), such as a turbo encoder, and modulated by a modulator (830). A Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) unit (840) applies the DFT to the modulated data bits, and the RE (850) corresponding to the assigned PUSCH transmission BW is selected by a transmission BW selection unit (855), and a unit (860) applies the IFFT, and after cyclic preposition insertion (not shown), filtering is applied by a filter (870), and the signal is transmitted (880).

[0070] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary receiver structure (900) for PUSCH within a subframe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the receiver structure (900) may be implemented by the UE (116) of FIG. 3. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0071] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the received signal (910) is filtered by a filter (920). Subsequently, after the cyclic preposition is removed (not shown), the unit (930) applies an FFT, the RE (940) corresponding to the assigned PUSCH received BW is selected by a received BW selector (945), the unit (950) applies an inverse DFT (IDFT), the demodulator (960) coherently demodulates the data symbols by applying a channel estimate obtained from a DMRS (not shown), and a decoder (970), such as a turbo decoder, decodes the demodulated data to provide an estimate of the information data bit (980).

[0072] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to Measurement for antenna calibration It is about.

[0073] A communication system includes a downlink (DL) that transmits signals from a transmitting point, such as a base station (BS) or NodeB, to a user equipment (UE), and an uplink (UL) that transmits signals from a UE to a receiving point, such as a NodeB. A UE, also commonly referred to as a terminal or mobile station, can be fixed or mobile and can be a mobile phone, a personal computer device, or an automation device. An eNodeB, which is typically a fixed station, may also be referred to as an access point or other equivalent term. In LTE systems, a NodeB is often referred to as an eNodeB. In NR systems, a NodeB is often referred to as a gNodeB.

[0074] In communication systems such as NR or LTE, DL signals may include data signals that convey information content, control signals that convey DL control information (DCI), and reference signals (RS), also known as pilot signals. The eNodeB transmits data information through the Physical DL Shared Channel (PDSCH). The eNB / gNB transmits DCI through the Physical DL Control Channel (PDCCH). The eNB / gNB transmits one or more of several types of RS, including Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS) or Demodulation RS (DMRS). The eNB / gNB may transmit CSI-RS for time / frequency tracking (also known as CRS in LTE or TRS in NR) and CSI-RS for CSI reporting. DMRS can only be transmitted within the BW of the corresponding PDSCH, and UEs can use DMRS to demodulate data or control information from the PDSCH or PDCCH, respectively. The transmission time interval of the DL channel is called a subframe or slot, and can have a duration of, for example, 1 millisecond or a value according to the subcarrier spacing (SCS).

[0075] The DL signal also includes the transmission of a logical channel carrying system control information. The Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) is mapped to a transmission channel referred to as the Broadcast Channel (BCH) when it carries a Master Information Block (MIB), or to the DL Shared Channel (DL-SCH) when it carries a System Information Block (SIB) (see REF 3 and REF 5). Most system information is contained in different SIBs transmitted using the DL-SCH. The presence of system information in the DL-SCH of a subframe (or slot) may be indicated by the transmission of the corresponding PDCCH carrying a codeword with a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) scrambled into a System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI). Alternatively, scheduling information for SIB transmission can be provided to the previous SIB, and scheduling information for the first SIB (SIB-1) can be provided by the MIB.

[0076] DL resource allocation is performed in units of subframes (or slots) and Physical Resource Block (PRB) groups. The transmit BW includes frequency resource units referred to as Resource Blocks (RBs). Each RB is It includes resource elements (REs) such as n subcarriers or 12. A single RB unit spanning one subframe (or slot) is called a PRB. The UE has a total for the PDSCH transmit BW. Regarding the RE of the dog Can be allocated RBs.

[0077] UL signals may include data signals carrying data information, control signals carrying UL Control Information (UCI), and UL RS. UL RS includes DMRS and Sounding RS (SRS). The UE transmits DMRS only within the BW of the corresponding PUSCH or PUCCH. The eNB / gNB can demodulate the data signal or UCI signal using DMRS. The UE transmits SRS to provide UL CSI to the eNB / gNB. The UE transmits data information or UCI through the corresponding Physical UL Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical UL Control Channel (PUCCH). If the UE needs to transmit data information and UCI in the same UL subframe (or slot), the UE may multiplex both on the PUSCH. The UCI includes Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information indicating an ACK or NACK detection of a transport block (TB) in the PDSCH or a DTX for which PDCCH detection is missing, a Scheduling Request (SR) indicating whether the UE has data in its buffer, and Channel State Information (CSI) that enables the eNB / gNB to perform link adaptation for the transmission of the PDSCH to the UE. The HARQ-ACK information is also transmitted by the UE in response to the detection of the PDCCH indicating the release of the semi-permanently scheduled PDSCH (see REF 3).

[0078] A UL subframe (or slot) includes two slots. Each slot is for transmitting data information, UCI, DMRS, or SRS. It includes dog symbols. The frequency resource unit of the UL system BW is RB. The UE has a total for the transmit BW. Regarding the RE of the dog RBs are allocated. The last few subframe (or slot) symbols can be used to multiplex SRS transmissions from one or more UEs.

[0079] The 3GPP 5G NR specification defines two types of frequency ranges (FR). The sub-6 GHz range is referred to as Frequency Range 1 (FR1), and the millimeter wave band is referred to as Frequency Range 2 (FR2). Examples of frequency ranges for FR1 and FR2 are shown below.

[0080] [Table 0]

[0081]

[0082] Up to 32 CSI-RS antenna ports are supported in FR1's MIMO, and up to 8 CSI-RS antenna ports are supported in FR2. For next-generation cellular standards (e.g., 6G), new carrier frequency bands (e.g., FR4 (>52.6 GHz), terahertz (>100 GHz), upper-midband (10 to 15 GHz)) may be evaluated in addition to FR1 and FR2. The number of CSI-RS ports that can be supported in these new bands is expected to differ from that of FR1 and FR2. In particular, for the 10 to 15 GHz band, the maximum number of CSI-RS antenna ports is expected to be higher than in FR1 due to smaller antenna form factors and the feasibility of fully digital beamforming at these frequencies (as in FR1). For example, the number of CSI-RS antenna ports could increase to up to 128. In addition, the distribution / topology of the NW (e.g., network (130)) at these frequencies is also expected to be more dense / dispersed, and, for example, antenna ports distributed across multiple (non-identical locations, and thus geographically separated) TRPs within a cellular area may be a major scenario of interest, which may result in a greater number of CSI-RS antenna ports for MIMO (e.g., up to 256).

[0083] To achieve MIMO gain across such a large number of antenna ports, (spatial or digital) precoding / beamforming may be used. Depending on the feasibility of carrier frequencies and wireless RF / hardware (HW) related components, (spatial) precoding / beamforming may be fully digital or a hybrid analog-to-digital method. In the case of fully digital beamforming, a one-to-one mapping between antenna ports and antenna elements may be used, or a method of 'statically / fixedly' virtualizing multiple antenna elements into a single antenna port may be employed. Each antenna port can be controlled digitally. Thus, spatial multiplexing across the antenna ports is provided.

[0084] Similarly, for cellular systems generally operating at low carrier frequencies, such as the sub-1 GHz frequency range (e.g., less than 1 GHz), supporting a large number of CSI-RS antenna ports (e.g., 32) or many antenna elements at a single location, remote radio head (RRH), or tRP is difficult because it requires a larger antenna form factor size relative to the carrier frequency wavelength than systems operating at high frequencies, such as 2 GHz or 4 GHz. At these low frequencies, the maximum number of CSI-RS antenna ports that can be placed at the same location on a single site (or RRH or TRP) may be limited to, for example, 8. This limits the spectral efficiency of such systems. In particular, the multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) spatial multiplexing gain provided by a large number of CSI-RS antenna ports (e.g., 32) cannot be achieved due to the constraints of the antenna form factor. One possible method for operating a system with a large number of CSI-RS antenna ports at low carrier frequencies is to distribute the physical antenna ports to different panels / RRHs / TRPs that may be located in non-uniform positions. Multiple sites or panels / RRHs / TRPs can still be connected to a single (common) base unit forming a single antenna system, and thus signals transmitted / received through multiple distributed RRHs / TRPs can still be processed at a centralized location.

[0085] As described herein, for low band (FR1), high band (FR2 and above), or mid band (6–15 GHz), NW topologies / architectures are expected to become increasingly distributed in the future for the reasons described herein (e.g., use cases, hardware requirements, antenna form factors, mobility, etc.). In this disclosure, such distributed systems are also referred to as distributed MIMO (DMIMO) or multi-TRP (mTRP) systems (groups of multiple antenna ports that may be non-coherently located). Transmission in such systems may be coherent joint transmission (CJT), i.e., one layer may be transmitted across / using multiple TRPs, or non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT). Due to the characteristics of distributed operation, antenna port (or TRP) groups need to be corrected / synchronized by compensating for non-idealities such as time / frequency / phase offsets and non-ideal backhaul between TRPs, which stem from hardware damage, different delay profiles, and Doppler profiles associated with different TRPs (in high-speed scenarios).

[0086] In wireless communication systems, MIMO is frequently identified as an essential function for achieving high system throughput requirements. One of the core components of a MIMO transmission scheme is accurate CSI acquisition at the eNB (or gNB) (or TRP). Particularly in the case of MU-MIMO, the availability of precise CSI is required to ensure high MU performance. In the case of time division duplexing (TDD) systems, CSI can be acquired using SRS transmissions that rely on channel mutuality. On the other hand, in the case of frequency division duplexing (FDD) systems, CSI can be acquired using CSI-RS transmissions from the eNB (or gNB), and CSI acquisition and feedback from the UE are performed.

[0087] In 5G or NR systems [REF7, REF8], both low-resolution (also known as Type I) and high-resolution (also known as Type II) CSI reporting mechanisms are supported. Additionally, to reduce Type II CSI reporting, (a) spatial domain (SD) basis , (b) FD basis , (c) coefficients that linearly combine SD and FD bases Frequency domain (FD) compression-based Type II CSI is also supported. For mutuality (full TDD or partial FDD), CSI-RS ports can be beamformed (using SRS measurements and assuming UL-DL channel mutuality in angle / delay), and the SD basis corresponds to the port selection basis.

[0088] In Rel. 18, FD compression-based Type II CSI was further improved for use cases of CJT across up to four TRPs under ideal assumptions, such as perfectly time- and frequency-synchronized mTRPs, phase-coherent antenna ports, and ideal backhaul links. However, in reality, these assumptions do not hold. The embodiments of the present disclosure recognize that correction / synchronization between TRPs is required to make CJT feasible.

[0089] Large-scale MIMO base stations or TRPs measure gain and phase differences between transceivers within the same radio frequency (RF) unit using on-board coupling networks and correction circuits—abbreviated as on-board correction—to maintain mutuality between DL and UL channels, particularly in TDD systems. In the case of on-board correction, one RF chain corresponding to one antenna port is used as a reference for another RF chain at a different antenna port. In mTRP systems, the signals from these reference transceivers need to be shared between distributed RRHs / panels / modules / TRPs that are physically far apart or located in different positions. Distributing the reference using RF cables is undesirable because it limits deployment scenarios. Furthermore, using different local oscillators (LOs) between distributed antenna modules can cause LO phase drift, making it more difficult to achieve correction. Periodic correction is also required to compensate for phase drift.

[0090] Issue 1: In the example, the timing offset is It can be expressed as, where This is due to timing differences between TRPs (distributed, non-equivalent locations) and / or different propagation delays from different TRPs, which leads to increased frequency selectivity of the synthetic channel. The minimum frequency granularity supported in NR is 2 RB (for PMI (precoding matrix indicator)) and 4 RB (for CQI (channel quality indicator)), which correspond to maximum delay spreads of 2.8 and 1.4 microseconds for SCS = 15 and 30 kHz, respectively. This delay spread decreases further as the frequency granularity (due to timing offset) increases. For large delay spreads (e.g., X×CP, X = scaling, CP = CP length in seconds), the frequency granularity required for CJT (across TRPs) becomes less than 2 RB (e.g., density per RB = 1 or even less than 1 per RB). [REF10] According to TS 38.104, the minimum timing error is 65 ns.

[0091] [Table 0.5] (Table 9.6.1.3-1: Minimum requirements for OTA frequency error)

[0092]

[0093] Issue 2: In one example, the frequency offset is It can be expressed as, where This is due to the non-ideal (and may differ) local oscillators or crystal types of different TRPs, which cause frequency differences between TRPs. As indicated in this specification, [REF10] according to TS 38.104, the minimum frequency error is 0.05 ppm. Phase shifts due to frequency error can be significant, especially at higher carrier frequencies.

[0094] Generally, the combined (time-frequency) TF offset is It can be expressed as such. For CJT feasibility, (△t, △f) needs to be frequently corrected.

[0095] Issue 3: Abnormal backhaul links between TRPs, especially when the backhaul link is not a fiber optic cable.

[0096] Issue 4: Phase coherency between antenna ports both within (intra-TRP: within each TRP) and between (inter-TRP: across TRPs), primarily phase coherency between TRPs (where intra-TRP phase coherence can be achieved by implementation, e.g., through Over-The-Air (OTA) measurements from one port to ≥1 port within the same TRP).

[0097] In the present disclosure, mechanisms and procedures for issues 1 and 2, which are more serious than issues 3 and 4, are provided.

[0098] FIG. 10 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary physical layer function separation (1000) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the physical layer function separation (1000) may be implemented by BS (103) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0099] In one example, a TRP or RRH is functionally equivalent (and thus replaceable) or interchangeable with one or more of the following: an antenna, an antenna group (multiple antennas), an antenna port, an antenna port group (multiple ports), a CSI-RS resource, multiple CSI-RS resources, a set of CSI-RS resources, a set of multiple CSI-RS resources, an antenna panel, multiple antenna panels, a transmit / receive entity, an (analog) beam, an (analog) beam group, a cell, or a cell group.

[0100] Likewise, in the case of O-RAN, the TRP is functionally equivalent to (and therefore replaceable with) or interchangeable with one or more of the following:

[0101] ● A single receiver unit (RU) or O-RU: a logical node containing a subset of eNB / gNB functions (e.g., as listed in Clause 4.2 Separation Option 7-2x).

[0102] ● Two or more RUs or O-RUs

[0103] ● One or more RU or O-RU

[0104] Referring to Fig. 10, two examples are shown.

[0105] The following is defined in [REF11] and [REF12].

[0106]

[0107] The present disclosure provides an over-the-air (OTA) signaling mechanism for calibration between multiple TRPs or RRHs. The mechanism comprises 1) DL RS (e.g., CSI-RS) transmission from an mTRP and measurement (by a UE) and 2) reporting related to calibration information (e.g., amplitude / phase of a calibration factor). The aspects provided are as follows:

[0108] ● Measurements required for time / frequency / phase offset correction (DL RS), e.g., CSI-RS density, number of CSI-RS resources

[0109] ● Measurements assuming decoupled (separate) time and frequency corrections

[0110] ● Measurements assuming combined (joint) time and frequency correction

[0111] Although the present disclosure focuses on 3GPP 5G NR communication systems, various embodiments may generally be applied to UEs operating with other RATs and / or standards such as 3GPP standards of different releases / generations (including 5G and later, 6G, etc.), IEEE standards (802.16 WiMAX, 802.11 WiFi, etc.), O-RAN, and others.

[0112] The text and drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only to assist the reader in understanding the disclosure. This is not intended or interpreted to limit the scope of the disclosure in any way. While specific embodiments and examples have been provided in this specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications to the embodiments and examples illustrated based on the disclosure of this specification may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0113] The aspects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description by illustrating many specific embodiments and implementations, including the best mode considered for carrying out the present disclosure. The present disclosure allows for other different embodiments, and various details thereof may be modified in various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description should be regarded as illustrative in nature rather than restrictive. The present disclosure is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in an illustrative rather than limiting manner.

[0114] For simplicity, FDD and TDD are provided below as duplex modes for both DL and UL signaling. While the following exemplary description and embodiments consider Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), the present disclosure may be extended to other OFDM-based transmission waveforms or multiple access modes, such as filtered OFDM (F-OFDM).

[0115] The present disclosure covers various components that can be used together or in combination, or can operate in a standalone manner.

[0116] All of the following components and embodiments are applicable to UL transmissions having cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) waveforms as well as DFT-spread OFDM (DFT-SOFDM) and single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) waveforms. Additionally, the following components and embodiments are applicable to UL transmissions where the temporal scheduling unit is one subframe (which may include one or more slots) or one slot.

[0117] In the present disclosure, the frequency resolution (reporting subdivision) and range (reporting bandwidth) of the CSI or correction factor reporting may be defined as the frequency "subband" and "CSI reporting band (CRB: CSI Reporting Band)", respectively.

[0118] A subband for CSI or correction factor reporting is defined as a set of consecutive PRBs representing the smallest frequency unit for CSI or correction factor reporting. The number of PRBs within the subband can be fixed for a given value of the DL system bandwidth, set semi-statically via upper layer / RRC signaling, or set dynamically via L1 DL control signaling or a MAC control element (MAC CE). The number of PRBs within the subband can be included in the CSI or correction factor reporting settings.

[0119] "CSI or correction factor reporting band" is defined as a set or collection of continuous or discontinuous subbands where CSI or correction factor reporting is performed. For example, a CSI or correction factor reporting band may include subbands within the DL system bandwidth. This is also referred to as a "full-band." Alternatively, a CSI or correction factor reporting band may include only a collection of subbands within the DL system bandwidth. This is also referred to as a "partial band."

[0120] The term "CSI or correction factor reporting band" is used merely as an example to indicate a function. Other terms such as "CSI or correction factor reporting subband set" or "CSI or correction factor reporting bandwidth" may also be used.

[0121] In terms of UE configuration, at least one CSI or correction factor reporting band may be configured for the UE. This configuration may be semi-static (via upper-level signaling or RRC) or dynamic (via MAC CE or L1 DL control signaling). For example, if multiple (N) CSI or correction factor reporting bands are configured via RRC signaling, the UE may report CSIs associated with n ≤ N CSI reporting bands. For example, for large system bandwidths of >6 GHz, multiple CSI or correction factor reporting bands may be required. The value of n may be configured semi-statically (via upper-level signaling or RRC) or dynamically (via MAC CE or L1 DL control signaling). Alternatively, the UE may report a recommended value of n via the UL channel.

[0122] Therefore, the frequency granularity of CSI parameters can be defined for each CSI reporting band as follows. For a single CSI parameter for Mn subbands within the CSI reporting band, the CSI parameter is set to "single" reporting for a CSI reporting band having Mn subbands. For a CSI parameter, when a single CSI parameter is reported for each subband within the CSI reporting band, the CSI parameter is set to "subband" for a CSI reporting band having Mn subbands.

[0123] FIG. 11 illustrates a diagram of an antenna port layout (1100) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the antenna port layout (1100) may be implemented by BS (102) of FIG. 2. This example is for illustrative purposes only and may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0124] Hereinafter, N1 and N2 are considered as the number of antenna ports having the same polarization in the first and second dimensions, respectively. For a 2D antenna port layout, N1 > 1 and N2 > 1 are provided, and for a 1D antenna port layout, N1 > 1 and N2 = 1 (or N1 = 1 and N2 > 1) are provided. For a single-polarization (or same-polarization) antenna port layout, the total number of antenna ports is is. And in the case of a dual-polarized antenna port layout, the total number of antenna ports is Referring to FIG. 11, an "X" representing two antenna polarizations is illustrated. In this disclosure, the term "polarization" refers to a group of antenna ports having the same polarization. For example, antenna ports includes a first antenna polarization, and an antenna port includes a second antenna polarization, where is the number of CSI-RS antenna ports and X is the starting antenna port number (e.g., if X=3000, the antenna ports are 3000, 3001, 3002, ...). A dual-polarization antenna layout is considered in this disclosure. However, the embodiments (and examples) of this disclosure are general and are applicable to a single-polarization antenna layout.

[0125] Let be the number of antenna groups (AG) or port groups (PG). Here, a port can be a logical mapping (node) to a single antenna (1-to-1 mapping) or multiple antennas (1-to-many mapping). Multiple antenna groups If this exists, each group is in two dimensions and It includes a dual-polarized antenna port having ports. Referring to FIG. 11, this is illustrated. The antenna port layout is identical in different antenna groups. and Or, it may vary across antenna groups. Group In the case of, the number of antenna ports is (for copolarization or dual polarization, respectively) or am.

[0126] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a UE moving along a trajectory (1200) having AG / PG of BSs placed at the same location and at dispersed locations according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the trajectory (1200) having AG of BSs placed at the same location and at dispersed locations may be implemented by any of the UEs (111 to 116) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0127] In one example, the antenna group corresponds to an antenna panel. In one example, the antenna group corresponds to a TRP. In one example, the antenna group corresponds to an RRH. In one example, the antenna group corresponds to a CSI-RS antenna port of a non-zero-power (NZP) CSI-RS resource. In one example, the antenna group corresponds to a subset of CSI-RS antenna ports of an NZP CSI-RS resource (including multiple antenna groups). In one example, the antenna group corresponds to a CSI-RS antenna port of multiple NZP CSI-RS resources (e.g., a set of CSI-RS resources).

[0128] In one example, the antenna group corresponds to a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), and this antenna group can be reset more dynamically (e.g., via MAC CE or / and DCI). For example, the number of antenna ports associated with the antenna group can be changed dynamically.

[0129] In one example scenario, multiple AG / PGs may be located in the same place or distributed and may provide services to static (non-mobile) or mobile UEs. Referring to FIG. 12, an AG / PG providing services to a mobile UE is illustrated. While the UE is moving from location A to another location B, the UE measures the channel, for example, through NZP CSI-RS resources (it may also measure interference through CSI interference measurement (CSI-IM) resources or CSI-RS resources for interference measurement), and uses said measurements to determine / report CSI or correction-related information regarding joint transmission from multiple AG / PGs.

[0130] In one example, the antenna architecture of the MIMO system is structured. For example, the antenna structure of each AG / PG is dual-polarized (single or multi-panel as shown in FIG. 11). The antenna structure of each AG / PG may be the same. Or the antenna structure of one AG / PG may differ from the antenna structure of another AG / PG. Likewise, the number of ports of each AG / PG may be the same. Or the number of ports of one AG / PG may differ from the number of ports of another AG / PG.

[0131] In another example, the antenna architecture of a MIMO system is unstructured. For example, the antenna structure of one AG / PG may differ from that of another AG / PG.

[0132] The remainder of this disclosure considers a structural antenna architecture. For the sake of simplicity, in practice, an AG / PG may have multiple panels, but each AG / PG is equivalent to a single panel (see FIG. 11). However, this disclosure is not limited to the assumption of a single panel in each AG / PG and can be easily extended to cases where the AG / PG has multiple antenna panels (and may encompass such cases).

[0133] In one embodiment, the AG / PG comprises at least one of the following (or a corresponding or equivalent):

[0134] ● In one example, AG / PG corresponds to TRP.

[0135] ● In one example, the AG / PG corresponds to a CSI-RS resource. The UE (e.g., UE (116)) K non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources are configured, and CSI reporting is configured across multiple CSI-RS resources. This is similar to the Class B, K>1 configuration of Rel. 14 LTE. The K NZP CSI-RS resources may belong to a set of CSI-RS resources or a set of multiple CSI-RS resources (e.g., a set of K resources each containing one CSI-RS resource). Details are described in the present disclosure.

[0136] ● In one example, an AG / PG corresponds to a CSI-RS resource group, and the group includes one or more NZP CSI-RS resources. The UE includes K non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources are configured, and CSI reporting is configured to span multiple CSI-RS resources within the resource group. This is similar to the Class B, K>1 configuration of Rel. 14 LTE. The K NZP CSI-RS resources may belong to a set of CSI-RS resources or a set of multiple CSI-RS resources (e.g., a set of K resources, each containing one CSI-RS resource). Details are described in the present disclosure. In particular, the K CSI-RS resources It can be divided into resource groups. Information regarding resource grouping can be provided along with CSI-RS resource settings / configurations, or along with CSI reporting settings / configurations, or along with CSI-RS resource settings.

[0137] ● In one example, an AG / PG corresponds to a subset (or group) of CSI-RS ports. The UE is configured with at least one NZP CSI-RS resource containing (or associated with) CSI-RS ports that can be grouped (or divided) into multiple subsets / groups / parts of antenna ports (each corresponding to or constituting an AG / PG). Information regarding the subsets of ports or port groupings may be provided with the CSI-RS resource settings / configuration, or with the CSI reporting settings / configuration, or with the CSI-RS resource settings.

[0138] ● In one example, AG / PG corresponds to one or more examples described in this specification according to the setting. For example, this setting may be explicit or implicit through a parameter (e.g., RRC parameter).

[0139] ○ In one example, it may be based on the value of K in an implicit case. For example, if K > 1 CSI-RS resource, AG / PG corresponds to one or more examples described herein, and if K = 1 CSI-RS resource, AG / PG corresponds to one or more examples described herein.

[0140] ○ In another example, the configuration may be based on a configured codebook. For example, if the codebook corresponds to an uncombined codebook (a modular or separate codebook for each AG / PG), the AG / PG corresponds to a CSI-RS resource (according to one or more examples described herein) or a group of resources (according to one or more examples described herein), and if the codebook corresponds to a combined (joint or coherent) codebook (a single joint codebook across the AG), the AG / PG corresponds to a subset (or group) of CSI-RS ports (according to one or more examples described herein).

[0141] In one example, where an AG / PG maps to (or corresponds to) a CSI-RS resource or resource group (according to one or more examples described herein), the UE may select a subset of AG / PGs (resources or resource groups) and report CSI or calibration-related information for the selected AG / PGs (resources or resource groups), and the selected AG / PGs may be reported via an indicator (e.g., via Part 1 of the 2-part UCI). For example, the indicator may be a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a PMI (component), or a new indicator (e.g., a bitmap).

[0142] In one example, where an AG / PG maps (or corresponds) to a CSI-RS port group (according to one or more examples described herein), the UE may select a subset of AG / PGs (port groups) and report CSI or calibration-related information for the selected AG / PG (port groups), and the selected AG / PG may be reported via an indicator (e.g., via UCI Part 1 of a 2-part UCI). For example, the indicator may be a CRI or PMI (component) or a new indicator (e.g., a bitmap).

[0143] In one example, the CSI-RS in the present disclosure comprises at least one of the following or a combination thereof: a CSI-RS for tracking (TRS: tracking RS), a CSI-RS for CSI, a CSI-RS for beam management (BM: beam management), a CSI-RS for mobility, or an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement (IMR: interference measurement) or a CSI-RS of a new type / use, i.e., a CSI-RS for calibration.

[0144] In one embodiment, a calibration mechanism is configured in the UE, wherein the UE is configured to perform one or more UL RS transmission(s), and / or one or more DL RS reception(s) / measurement(s), and / or report calibration-related information (e.g., calibration coefficients between each TRP or between TRPs).

[0145] This configuration can be performed through upper layer (RRC) signaling.

[0146] ● In one example, this setting corresponds to the CSI resource settings configured through the upper layer IE CSI-ResourceConfig.

[0147] ● In one example, this setting corresponds to a set of CSI resources set through the upper layer IE NZP-CSIRSResourceSet.

[0148] ● In one example, this setting corresponds to an NZP CSI resource set through the upper layer IE NZP-CSIRSResource.

[0149] ● In one example, this setting corresponds to the CSI reporting settings configured through the upper-level IE CSI-ReportConfig.

[0150] In one example, the DL RS(s) may be one or more of a CSI-RS for CSI reporting, a CSI-RS for tracing (TRS), a CSI-RS for beam reporting, a DL DMRS, or a synchronization signal block (SSB) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a new type / purpose CSI-RS, i.e., a CSI-RS for calibration. In one example, the DL RS may be a dedicated or a new DL RS (for calibration purposes).

[0151] In one example, the UL RS(s) may be one or more of an SRS with use=CB, an SRS with use=non-CB, an SRS with use=beamManagement, an SRS with use=AntennaSwitching, or a UL DMRS. In one example, the UL RS may be a dedicated or new UL RS (for calibration purposes).

[0152] In one example, the DL RS(s) can be only aperiodic (AP). In one example, the DL RS(s) can be AP or semi-persistent (SP). In one example, the DL RS(s) can be AP or periodic (P). In one example, the DL RS(s) can be SP or P. In one example, the DL RS(s) can be AP, SP, or P.

[0153] In one example, the UL RS(s) may be only non-periodic (AP). In one example, the UL RS(s) may be AP or semi-permanent (SP). In one example, the UL RS(s) may be AP or periodic (P). In one example, the UL RS(s) may be SP or P. In one example, the UL RS(s) may be AP, SP, or P.

[0154] In one example, reporting is possible only as an AP. In this case, reporting can be triggered via DCI (e.g., the CSI request field of UL-DCI). In one example, reporting can be as an AP or an SP. For an AP, reporting can be triggered via DCI (e.g., the CSI request field of UL-DCI), and for an SP, it can be triggered via MAC CE.

[0155] In one example, reporting is possible only by UE-initiated (or UE-triggered). In this case, reporting can be triggered via a UL MAC CE (e.g., a MAC control unit (CE) for power headroom report (PHR) reporting) or via a pre-notification message transmitted by the UE, which can be transmitted via a scheduling request (SR) or a pre-set PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0156] In this disclosure, the term 'precoder' refers to spatial information (or transmission configuration indication (TCI) status, or) that can be used for DL / UL RS reception / transmission. spatialRelationInfo ) or source RS or spatial filter, beamformer, beamforming vector / matrix, precoding vector / matrix, or other functionally equivalent amounts may be replaced.

[0157] In the present disclosure, the resource or measurement resource is functionally equivalent to (and thus replaceable with) the following: (a) one or more antenna ports (AG / PG); and (b) associated parameters (e.g., parameters similar to those of a CSI-RS resource).

[0158] FIG. 13 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system (1300) for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the system (1300) for measurement and reporting may be implemented by a UE (116) and a gNB (102) and / or a network (130) in the wireless network (100) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0159] In one embodiment, the UE is configured to perform measurements and reports (e.g., CSI reports) as described in this specification based on Scheme 1 (shown in FIG. 13).

[0160] The actual offset of the r-th TRP If you say that, here or just only or merely It is only.

[0161] For measurement, Z≥1 channel measurement resources (CMR: channel measurement resource), such as NZP CSI-RS resources, SSB, or other DL RS, are configured in the UE.

[0162] In one example, each CMR is a 1-port resource.

[0163] In one example, Z=N. In one example, is. In one example, or and, where a≥1.

[0164] Each CMR-i is a candidate offset value for TRP r=1,...,N or correction factor It can be associated (or linked) with.

[0165] The report may include additional information.

[0166] ● In one example, additional information includes the value of M, where M=0 corresponds to the NCJT hypothesis and M>0 corresponds to the CJT hypothesis.

[0167] ● In one example, additional information includes metrics such as reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), or CQI, or block error ratio (BLER), or auto- / cross-correlation.

[0168] In one example, the UE is set with S > 1 sets of CMRs or S > 1 groups of CMRs within a single set, where each set or group corresponds to (or is associated with) a TRP. The report includes n≥ 1 groups of CRIs, where each group contains N CRIs.

[0169] In an alternative design, each CMR can be additionally configured as a higher-level parameter repetition. When the repetition is set to ON, the UE can perform Rx tuning.

[0170] In the alternative design, Z=1 and CMR is set to iterations, where the number of iterations is the number of candidate offset values.

[0171] In one example, the UE has candidate offset values or correction factor Alternatively, some information regarding the corresponding measurement RS may be indicated. This indication may be made dynamically via DCI (DL-DCI or UL-DCI), MAC CE, or RRC.

[0172] In one example, the UE is instructed with an offset or correction factor for CJT transmission.

[0173] In one example, this indication is based on a beam indication mechanism. In particular, to enable the correction process, a quasi-co-location (QCL) type or a new QCL-Info or a new TCI state definition may be introduced / specified.

[0174] The instructions may also include information regarding consistency hypotheses, CJTs or / and NCJTs. For example, In this case, it is NCJT; In this case, it is a CJT (it may include a value).

[0175] In one example, a new spec entity for the correction process may be introduced.

[0176] FIG. 14 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system (1400) for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the system (1400) for measurement and reporting may be implemented by a UE (116) and a gNB (103) and / or a network (130) in the wireless network (100) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0177] In one embodiment, the UE is configured to perform measurements and reports (e.g., CSI reports) as described in this specification based on Scheme 2 (shown in FIG. 14).

[0178] The actual offset of the r-th TRP If you say that, here or just only or merely It is only.

[0179] For measurement, Z≥1 CMRs are configured on the UE, such as NZP CSI-RS resources, SSBs, or other DL RSs. In one example, each CMR is a 1-port resource. In one example, Z=N. In one example, is. In one example, or And, where a≥1. Each CMR-i can be associated (or linked) with TRP r=1,...,N.

[0180] In one example, the time domain (TD) granularity (i.e., time density) of the CMR is s symbols, where (Refer to the phase tracking reference signal (PTRS). In one example, the FD granularity (i.e., frequency density) of the CMR is t RE / RB, where (Refer to TRS).

[0181] For reporting purposes, the UE determines / reports the following:

[0182] ● In one example, (As described in this specification).

[0183] ● In one example, (amplitude, phase) (As described in this specification).

[0184] The report may include additional information as described in one or more ways described in this specification.

[0185] One of the advantages of this method is a reduction in the number of CMRs or CMR overhead (compared to one or more methods described herein). One of the disadvantages of this method is an increase in reporting overhead.

[0186] In alternative designs

[0187] ● In the case of measurement:

[0188] ○ Each CMR is a 1 or 2-port resource, and It can respond to.

[0189] ○ Each CMR can be a ≥4 port resource, and person It can respond to.

[0190] ● In one example, there may be an SD basis, which is a fixed basis (not reported), e.g., identity or orthogonal DFT (oversampling It may have or not have; or may be reported.

[0191] ● In one example, for the frequency offset (FO), similar to FD, the level of granularity may be finer than SB, for example, per PRB or per sub-PRB (including fewer than 12 subcarriers).

[0192] ● In one example, for the time offset (TO), similar to the Doppler domain (DD), the level of granularity can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 slots, for example, per slot and per x symbol (e.g., x=4 for TRS).

[0193] At least one of the following examples is used / configured for a codebook for reporting.

[0194] ● In one example, the amplitude or / and phase codebook includes at least some of the typical modalities (Rel.15, Rel.16 Type II, or Rel.18 time-domain channel property (TDCP)), is similar to, or corresponds to.

[0195] ● In one example, the codebook is a vector codebook.

[0196] ● In one example, the codebook responds to explicit feedback (e.g., based on principal components analysis (PCA) or eigenbasis).

[0197] FIG. 15 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary system (1500) for measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the system (1500) for measurement and reporting may be implemented by a UE (115) and a gNB (102) and / or a network (130) in the wireless network (100) of FIG. 1. This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0198] In one embodiment, the UE is configured to perform measurements and reports (e.g., CSI reports) as described herein based on Scheme 3 (shown in FIG. 15), which is a combination of one or more schemes described herein.

[0199] The details of the CMR are the same as those in one or more methods described in this specification.

[0200] The report corresponds to a 2-level report, where Level 1 (based on one or more methods described herein) includes L≥1 CRI(s), and where L>1, Level 2 (based on method 2) includes L offsets for L selected / directed CMRs.

[0201] One of the advantages of this method is that Level 2 provides robustness (measurement-based residual offset) and balances the CMR versus reporting overhead trade-off. One of the disadvantages of this method is that it is more complex than one or more methods described herein.

[0202] In one embodiment, the UE is based on one or more methods described herein. Measurements and reports (e.g., CSI reports) containing calibration-related information (CLI) are established to enable / facilitate calibration / synchronization across TRP or AG / PG or CSI-RS resources.

[0203] ● In one example, the UE is configured in one of three ways, for instance, via RRC, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0204] ● In one example, this setting is based on or dependent on UE capability reporting for support of one or more methods described herein.

[0205] ● In one example, the UE selects one of three methods and reports the selection information.

[0206] In one embodiment, a calibration mechanism is configured in the UE, wherein the UE is configured with a DL measurement RS(s), or a DL measurement RS set(s), or a DL port(s), or a DL PG to perform one or more DL RS reception(s) / measure(s). For the remainder of the disclosure, DL RS(s) are used, which may be a DL measurement RS(s), or a DL measurement RS set(s), or a DL port(s), or a DL PG.

[0207] In one example, the DL RS(s) (or port(s) or PG) may be one or more of the following examples.

[0208] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) may be only NZP CSI-RS resource(s), which may be at least one or more of the following.

[0209] ● In one example (CSI-RS for CSI reporting), the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) can be configured with {2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32} CSI-RS ports (trs-Info or / and repetition are not configured).

[0210] ○ In one example (CSI-RS for tracing (TRS)), the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) are configured with one CSI-RS port and trs-Info can be configured.

[0211] ○ In one example (CSI-RS for beam reporting), the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) can be configured with one or two CSI-RS ports (and repeatedly set to ON or OFF).

[0212] ○ In one example (new type / use CSI-RS), NZP CSI-RS resource(s) may be set to 'calibration' indicating the purpose or use of these resources. The number of NZP CSI-RS ports may be fixed (e.g., 1). The number of NZP CSI-RS ports may be set to, for example, {2,4,8,12,16,24,32} or {1,2,4,8,12,16,24,32}.

[0213] ● In one example, DL RS(s) may also be SSB( / PBCH) resources (e.g., IE CSI-SSB-ResourceSet).

[0214] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) may be DL DMRS (e.g., DMRS for PDCCH or / and DMRS for PDSCH).

[0215] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) may be dedicated or new DL RS designed for calibration purposes.

[0216] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) can be either or both of the NZP CSI-RS resource and the SSB (CSI-SSB-ResourceSet).

[0217] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) may be either or both of the NZP CSI-RS resources and the DL DMRS.

[0218] ● In one example, the DL RS(s) may be one or more of the NZP CSI-RS resources, SSB (CSI-SSB-ResourceSet), and DL DMRS.

[0219] The UE may also be configured with a report containing correction-related information (e.g., correction factors for each TRP or relative to a reference TRP, or for time and / or frequency and / or phase offsets), and this report is associated with the DL RS(s). For example, the UE Measurements and reports (e.g., CSI or calibration reports) containing calibration-related information (CLI) are established to enable / facilitate calibration / synchronization across TRP or AG / PG or CSI-RS resources.

[0220] In one example, the DL RS(s) are each It can be configured through one or more upper-level IE CSI-ResourceConfigs (CSI resource settings) that indicate a set of NZP CSI-RS resource(s).

[0221] In one example, DL RS(s) may be configured through one or more upper-tier IE NZP-CSIRS-ResourceSets, each indicating a set of NZP CSI-RS resource(s). In one example, DL RS(s) may be configured through one or more upper-tier IE NZP-CSIRS-Resources, indicating NZP CSI-RS resources. In one example, DL RS(s) may be configured through one or more upper-tier IE PDSCH-Configs. In one example, DL RS(s) may be configured through upper-tier IE MeasObj (e.g., CSI-RS for mobility).

[0222] In one example, reporting can be configured through a higher-level CSI-ReportConfig where reportType or reportQuantity is set to a new value (e.g., 'calibration' or 'cjt-calibration').

[0223] In one example, the correction report includes at least one indicator indicating (A) delay offset(s) between TRPs (NZP CSI-RS resources) as described in the present disclosure. In one example, the correction report includes at least one indicator indicating (B) frequency / phase offset(s) between TRPs (NZP CSI-RS resources) as described in the present disclosure. In one example, the correction report includes at least one joint indicator or two separate indicators indicating both (A) and (B) as described in the present disclosure.

[0224] In one example, when TRS resource(s) or resource set(s) are configured for reporting calibration-related information (CLI), the UE expects that for a non-periodic NZP CSI-RS resource set where trs-Info is configured, a CSI-ReportConfig is configured with the upper-level parameter reportQuantity set to 'calibration' or 'CLI' (or 'TDCP' or 'none').

[0225] In one example, if a TRS resource(s) or resource set(s) cannot be configured for reporting calibration-related information, the UE does not expect to be configured as a CSI-ReportConfig for a periodic NZP CSI-RS resource set configured as trs-Info with reportQuantity set to 'calibration' or 'CLI'.

[0226] An example of CSI-ResourceConfig IE is shown in Table 1, which defines or includes the following.

[0227] ● A list of one or more of the resource lists of the following types:

[0228] ○ TypeA-1: One or more NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet lists, or

[0229] ○ TypeA-2: One or more CSI-IM-ResourceSet lists, or

[0230] ○ TypeA-3: One or more CSI-SSB-ResourceSet lists.

[0231] ● BWP-Id: Indicates the location of CSI-ResourceConfig in the DL BWP,

[0232] ● resourceType: Indicates a time-domain behavior, i.e., non-periodic (AP), semi-permanent (SP), or periodic (P).

[0233] [Table 1]: Examples of CSI-ResourceConfig information elements

[0234]

[0235] In one example, for a correction report, only one CSI resource setting, CSI-ResourceConfig, can be set for the UE (therefore, X=1 is not expected or is not expected).

[0236] In one example, if X=1 and S>1, the resource sets are of the same type.

[0237] ● In one example, it is only Type A-1.

[0238] ● In one example, there is only one of Type A-1 or Type A-3.

[0239] In one example, if X=1 and S>1, the resource sets can be of the same type or different types.

[0240] ● In one example, in the same case, it is only Type A-1.

[0241] ● In one example, if different, either Type A-1 or Type A-3.

[0242] ● In one example, a combination of Type A-1 or Type A-3 in different cases.

[0243] In one example, for a calibration report, X≥1 CSI resource settings CSI-ResourceConfig can be set in the UE.

[0244] In one example, when X > 1, the resource settings are of the same type (e.g., TRP resource setting, CSI resource setting, etc.).

[0245] ● In one example, a resource setting having a set of Type A-1 resources.

[0246] ● In one example, a resource setting having a set of resources of Type A-1 or Type A-3.

[0247] In one example, if X > 1, the resource settings may be of the same type or different types (e.g., TRP resource setting, CSI resource setting, etc.).

[0248] ● In one example, a resource setting having a set of Type A-1 resources in the same case.

[0249] ● In one example, a resource setting having a resource set of Type A-1 or Type A-3, in different cases.

[0250] ● In one example, a resource setting having a resource set of any combination of Type A-1 or Type A-3, in different cases.

[0251] FIG. 16 illustrates a diagram of an exemplary DL BWP resource (1600) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, any of the UEs (111 to 116) of FIG. 1 may be set as the DL BWP resource (1600). This example is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0252] In one example, when X > 1,

[0253] ● In one example, for a correction report, each CSI resource setting is located in a DL BWP identified by the upper-level parameter BWP-id, and the CSI resource settings associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) have the same DL BWP. This implies that there is only one BWP-id.

[0254] ● In one example, for a correction report, each CSI resource setting is located in a DL BWP identified by a higher-level parameter BWP-id, and CSI resource settings associated with a CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same DL BWP or different DL BWPs. If different, this implies that there is more than one BWP-id, for example, the BWP-id corresponds to a sequence (BWP ID1, BWP ID2, …). In one example, the sequence contains X BWP IDs.

[0255] Referring to Fig. 16, several examples for X=2 are shown.

[0256] In one example, when X > 1,

[0257] ● In one example, for a correction report, the CSI resource settings associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) have the same resourceType. This implies that there is only one resourceType.

[0258] ● In one example, for a correction report, the CSI resource settings associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same resourceType or different resourceTypes. If different, this implies that there are two or more resourceTypes, for example, resourceType corresponds to a sequence (resourceType 1, resourceType 2, …). In one example, the sequence includes X resourceTypes.

[0259] In one example, if CSI resource settings linked to a CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) must have the same time domain behavior,

[0260] ● In one example, it is just non-periodic (AP).

[0261] ● In one example, either AP or semi-permanent (SP) (i.e., not P).

[0262] ● In one example, one of {P, SP, or AP}.

[0263] In one example, CSI resource settings associated with a CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same or different time domain behavior among {P, SP, or AP}. In the case of different cases

[0264] ● In one example, it is just AP and SP.

[0265] ● In one example, it is just AP and P.

[0266] ● In one example, it is just SP and P.

[0267] ● In one example, any two of {P, SP, AP}.

[0268] ● In one example, any one of {P, SP, AP}.

[0269] In one example, the time domain behavior of a CSI-RS resource within a CSI resource setting is determined by the upper-level parameter resourceType and can be set as follows.

[0270] ● In one example, it is just non-periodic (AP).

[0271] ● In one example, it is only AP, or semi-permanent (SP).

[0272] ● In one example, it is only one of non-periodic, periodic, or semi-permanent.

[0273] ● In one example, a combination of AP and SP.

[0274] ● In one example, a combination of AP and P.

[0275] ● In one example, a combination of P and SP.

[0276] ● In one example, a combination of AP, P, and SP.

[0277] In one example, for a correction report, the UE may have (X=1) P / SP CSI resource settings with S sets of CSI resources.

[0278] ● In one example, S = fixed (1 or 2) when corrected.

[0279] ● In one example, S is set at {1,2}.

[0280] ● In one example, (Same as for TDCP reporting), here and, for example, S={1,2,3}.

[0281] Examples of NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet IE are shown in Table 2, which define or include the following.

[0282] ● List / sequence of T≥1 NZP CSI-RS resources via IE nzp-CSI-RS-Resource

[0283] ● Repetition: When ON, the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) are transmitted repeatedly over several time slots / symbols.

[0284] ● aperiodicTriggeringOffset: Indicates the offset between the slot that returns the DCI triggering the aperiodic resource set and the slot where the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) are measured.

[0285] ● If trs-Info: true, this set is a set of TRS resources (as described in this disclosure).

[0286] ●cmrGroupingAndPairing-r17: Indicates that a resource set is divided into multiple (e.g., 2) NZP CSI-RS resource groups, and may also include pairs of one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, one from each of the multiple groups.

[0287] [Table 2]: NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet Information elements

[0288]

[0289] Examples of CSI-SB-ResourceSet IE are shown in Table 3, which define or include the following.

[0290] ● List / sequence of T≥1 SSB indices via IE SSB-Index

[0291] ● ServingAdditionalPCIIndex-r17:

[0292] ○ If not provided: There is only one PCI value associated with T SSB indices.

[0293] ○ If provided, there are multiple PCI values,

[0294] ● PCI value of the serving cell,

[0295] ● Additional PCI value different from the PCI value of the serving cell (e.g., PCI value associated with a non-serving cell).

[0296] [Table 3]: CSI-SSB-ResourceSet Information Elements

[0297]

[0298] In one example, for a correction report, only one resource set Y=1 may be set for the UE (e.g., UE (116)), which may be an NZP CSI resource set or a CSI-SSB resource set (so Y>1 is not expected or is not expected).

[0299] In one example, when Y=1 and T>1, the NZP CSI-RS resources or SSB resources are of the same type.

[0300] ● In one example, the same parameter value for (Type B-1) iteration.

[0301] ● In one example, the same parameter value for (Type B-2) aperiodicTriggeringOffset.

[0302] ● In one example, the same parameter value for (Type B-3) trs-Info.

[0303] ● In one example, the same parameter value for (Type B-4) cmrGroupingAndPairing-r17.

[0304] ● In one example, (Type B-5) Type B-1 or / and Type B-2.

[0305] ● In one example, (Type B-6) Type B-1 or / and Type B-3.

[0306] ● In one example, (Type B-7) Type B-1 or / and Type B-4.

[0307] ● In one example, (Type B-8) Type B-2 or / and Type B-3.

[0308] ● In one example, (Type B-9) Type B-2 or / and Type B-4.

[0309] ● In one example, (Type B-10) Type B-3 or / and Type B-4.

[0310] ● In one example, (Type B-11) Type B-1 or / and Type B-2 or / and Type B-3.

[0311] ● In one example, (Type B-12) Type B-1 or / and Type B-2 or / and Type B-4.

[0312] ● In one example, (Type B-13) Type B-1 or / and Type B-3 or / and Type B-4.

[0313] ● In one example, (Type B-14) Type B-2 or / and Type B-3 or / and Type B-4.

[0314] ● In one example, (Type B-15) Type B-1 or / and Type B-2 or / and Type B-3 or / and Type B-4.

[0315] In one example, when Y=1 and T>1, the SSB resources are of the same type.

[0316] ● In one example, the same parameter value for (Type B-16) ServingAdditionalPCIIndex-r17.

[0317] In one example, when Y=1 and T>1, the NZP CSI-RS resources or SSB resources may be of the same type or different types. If they are different,

[0318] ● In one example, different parameter values ​​(types B-1 to B-4) for only one parameter.

[0319] ● In one example, different parameter values ​​(types B-1 to B-10) for up to two parameters.

[0320] ● In one example, different parameter values ​​(types B-1 to B-14) for up to three parameters.

[0321] ● In one example, different parameter values ​​(types B-1 to B-15) for any parameter.

[0322] In one example, for a correction report, only one resource set Y≥1 can be set in the UE, which may be an NZP CSI resource set or a CSI-SSB resource set.

[0323] In one example, when Y > 1, the resource sets are of the same type (e.g., NZP CSI-RS resource set, CSI-SSB-ResourceSet).

[0324] ● In one example, a set of resources having one type of resource (e.g., types B-1 to B-16).

[0325] ● In one example, a resource set having at most two types of resources (from types B-1 to B-16).

[0326] ● In one example, a resource set having one type of resource, e.g., an NZP CSI-RS resource set or a CSI-SSB-ResourceSet.

[0327] In one example, if Y > 1, resource sets may be of the same type or different types (e.g., NZP CSI-RS resource set, CSI-SSB-ResourceSet).

[0328] ● In one example, a set of resources having one type of resource (e.g., types B-1 to B-16) in the same case.

[0329] ● In one example, if identical, a set of resources of up to two types (from types B-1 to B-16).

[0330] ● In one example, a set of resources having the same resources (e.g., types B-1 to B-16).

[0331] ● In one example, a resource set having any combination of an NZP CSI-RS resource set or a CSI-SSB-ResourceSet, where different.

[0332] ● In one example, a set of resources having resources that are any combination of NZP CSI-RS resources or SSB resources, depending on the case.

[0333] ● In one example, a set of resources having any combination of resources (e.g., types B-1 to B-16), in different cases.

[0334] In one example, when Y > 1,

[0335] ● In one example, for a correction report, the sets of CSI resources associated with the CSI reporting settings (for correction reports) have the same value for parameter P. This implies that there is only one P.

[0336] ● In one example, for a correction report, the sets of CSI resources associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same or different values ​​for parameter P. If different, this implies that parameter P corresponds to a sequence (P1, P2, ...). In one example, the sequence includes Y values ​​(or IDs).

[0337] ● In one example, for a correction report, the sets of CSI resources associated with the CSI reporting settings (for correction reports) have the same value for parameters P and Q (two different parameters where P ≠ Q). This implies that there is only one value for each of P and Q.

[0338] ● In one example, for a correction report, the sets of CSI resources associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reports) may have the same or different values ​​for parameters P and Q (two different parameters where P ≠ Q). If different, this implies that parameter P corresponds to the sequence (P1, P2, ...) and parameter Q corresponds to the sequence (Q1, Q2, ...). In one example, the sequence contains Y values ​​(or IDs).

[0339] ● In one example, for a correction report, the sets of CSI resources associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same value for parameter P and different values ​​for parameter Q (two different parameters where P ≠ Q). This implies that there is only one value for each of P, but Q corresponds to a sequence (Q1, Q2, ...). In one example, the sequence contains Y values ​​(or IDs).

[0340] In one example, parameter P or Q belongs to {Repetition, aperiodicTriggeringOffset}. In one example, parameter P or Q belongs to {Repetition, aperiodicTriggeringOffset, trs-Info}. In one example, parameter P or Q belongs to {Repetition, trs-Info}. In one example, parameter P or Q belongs to {Repetition, aperiodicTriggeringOffset, trs-Info, cmrGroupingAndPairing-r17}.

[0341] In one example, if sets of CSI resources associated with a CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) must have the same time domain behavior,

[0342] ● In one example, it is just non-periodic (AP).

[0343] ● In one example, one of AP and semi-permanent (SP) (i.e., not P).

[0344] ● In one example, one of {P, SP, or AP}.

[0345] In one example, the sets of CSI resources associated with a CSI reporting setting (for corrective reporting) must have the same or different time-domain behavior among {P, SP, or AP}. In the case of different cases

[0346] ● In one example, it is just AP and SP.

[0347] ● In one example, it is just AP and P.

[0348] ● In one example, it is just SP and P.

[0349] ● In one example, any two of {P, SP, AP}.

[0350] ● In one example, any one of {P, SP, AP}.

[0351] In one example, the time domain behavior of an NZP CSI-RS resource within a CSI resource set is determined by the upper layer parameter resourceType1 and can be set to the following.

[0352] ● In one example, it is just non-periodic (AP).

[0353] ● In one example, it is only AP, or semi-permanent (SP).

[0354] ● In one example, only one of non-periodic, periodic, or semi-permanent.

[0355] ● In one example, a combination of AP and SP.

[0356] ● In one example, a combination of AP and P.

[0357] ● In one example, a combination of P and SP.

[0358] ● In one example, a combination of AP, P, and SP.

[0359] In one example, the NZP-CSI-RS resource associated with the NZP-CSI-RS resource set.

[0360] ● In one example, the number of NZP CSI RS resources per NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, or 12). This number may depend on UE capability reporting.

[0361] ● In one example, the maximum number of NZP CSI RS resources per NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 8 or 12). This maximum number may be dependent on UE capability reporting.

[0362] In one example, NZP-CSI-RS resources associated with a set of Y > 1 NZP-CSI-RS resources.

[0363] ● In one example, the number of NZP CSI RS resources per NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, or 12). This number may depend on UE capability reporting.

[0364] ● In one example, the maximum number of NZP CSI RS resources per NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 8 or 12). This maximum number may be dependent on UE capability reporting.

[0365] ● In one example, the total number of NZP CSI RS resources across the NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, or 12). This total number may be dependent on UE capability reporting.

[0366] ● In one example, the maximum total number of NZP CSI RS resources across an NZP CSI resource set can be fixed (e.g., 8 or 12). This maximum total number may be dependent on UE capability reporting.

[0367] In one example, for a periodic CSI resource setting, if calibration reporting is enabled on the UE, the number of CSI-RS resource sets within the CSI resource setting for channel measurement And the upper-level parameter trs-Info is set in the CSI-RS resource set.

[0368] In one example, for a correction report, for a P / SP CSI resource setting, the set periodicity and slot offset are given as the numerology of the associated DL BWP, as given by the BWP-id.

[0369] ● In one example, the CSI resource settings associated with the CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) have the same DL BWP. This implies that there is only one BWP-id.

[0370] ● In one example, CSI resource settings associated with a CSI reporting setting (for correction reporting) may have the same DL BWP or different DL BWPs. If different, it implies that there are two or more BWP-ids, for example, the BWP-ids correspond to a sequence (BWP ID1, BWP ID2, …). In one example, the sequence contains X BWP IDs.

[0371] In one example, for a calibration report, the UE can expect that the NZP CSI-RS resource(s) for channel measurements [or / and, if configured, CSI-IM resource(s) for interference measurements] configured for one CSI report will be QCLed resource by resource for 'typeD'.

[0372] In one example, for a calibration report, the UE is configured with a CSI resource setting of X=1 for channel measurement.

[0373] ● In one example, the UE can expect that the same 1-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB will be used.

[0374] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{1,2}.

[0375] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{2,4}.

[0376] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{2,4,12} or {2,4,8,12}.

[0377] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{1,2,4,8,12,16,32}.

[0378] ● In one example, for a calibration report, the UE is configured with X=1 CSI resource settings for both channel measurement and interference measurement.

[0379] ● In one example, the UE can expect that the same 1-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB will be used for both channel measurement and interference measurement.

[0380] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{1,2}.

[0381] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{2,4}.

[0382] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{2,4,12} or {2,4,8,12}.

[0383] ● In one example, the UE can expect to use the same N-port NZP CSI-RS resource(s) with density 3 RE / RB, where N∈{1,2,4,8,12,16,32}.

[0384] In one example, for a calibration report, X=2 resource settings are configured in the UE for channel measurements (e.g., each corresponding to a TRP).

[0385] In one example, for a calibration report, the UE has channel measurements (e.g., each corresponding to a TRP) The resource settings are configured.

[0386] In one example, for a calibration report, X=2 resource settings are configured in the UE (one for channel measurement and one for interference measurement). In one example, there is a one-to-one mapping between CMR and IMR.

[0387] In one example, for a correction report, the UE is configured with CSI resource settings including the following:

[0388] ● Z≥1 list of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block indices (given by [cal-csi-SSB-ResourceList]) and

[0389] ● A list of Z [PCI indices] pointing to cells associated with SS / PBCH block indices (given by [cal-CandidateId-list]).

[0390] The UE determines the time domain behavior of the SS / PBCH block from ssb-Periodicity and ssb-PositionsInBurst, and the frequency domain behavior of the SS / PBCH block is determined by the upper layer parameters subcarrierspacing and ssbFrequency.

[0391] In one example, for AP correction reporting, the number of CSI resource settings.

[0392] ● X=1: One for channel measurement (CMR) or (CMR and IMR).

[0393] ● X=1: One for channel measurement and interference measurement (IMR).

[0394] ● X=2: One for CMR, and one for IMR

[0395] ● X=3: One for CMR, one for IMR(CSI-IM), one for IMR(NZP CSI-RS)

[0396] In one example, for an AP correction report, the number of CSI resource sets.

[0397] ● In one example, in the case of P / SP resource settings,

[0398] ○ Set S=1

[0399] ○ S=2 set

[0400] ○

[0401] ● In one example, regarding AP resource settings, am.

[0402] In one example, for a calibration report, a UE with a CSI-ReportConfig configured where the upper-level parameter reportQuantity is set to 'calibration' or 'time-frequency-offset' is expected to have one CSI resource setting (given by the upper-level parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement) configured in the CSI-ReportConfig.

[0403] In one example, CSI resource settings can be configured without the upper-level parameter trs-Info, meaning that CSI-RS resources per CSI resource Corresponds to CSI-RS for CSI reporting with multiple ports. The resource can be a P / SP / AP resource.

[0404] ● In one example, There may be a limit on the maximum value of, for example And, where x is fixed (e.g., 8), reported by the UE as part of the UE capability report, or depends on the number of CSI-RS resources in the resource set.

[0405] ● In one example, the sum across CSI-RS resources within a resource set There may be a limit on the maximum value of.

[0406] In one example, trs-Info can be set in the CSI resource settings.

[0407] ● In one example, the upper-level parameter trs-Info is set It can have a set of CSI-RS resources and be periodic.

[0408] ● or Support is subject to UE capability directives.

[0409] In one example, trs-Info can be set in the CSI resource settings.

[0410] ● In one example, the upper-level parameter trs-Info is set It is a set of CSI-RS resources, or a single set of CSI-RS resources with the upper layer parameter trs-Info set set, and is non-periodic.

[0411] ● or Support is subject to UE capability directives.

[0412] UE is It can be expected that CSI-RS resources within a set of CSI-RS resources will share the same QCL-TypeA / C and, where applicable, also share TypeD.

[0413] In one example, for a correction report, the CSI-RS measurement in the frequency domain is as follows.

[0414] ● In one example, the CSI-RS resources within the CSI-RS resource set(s) are set to the same bandwidth and subcarrier position.

[0415] ● In one example, CSI-RS resources within a set(s) of CSI-RS resources are configured with the same bandwidth, but the subcarrier positions may be the same or different.

[0416] In one example, whether they are the same or different is based on the (RRC) setting or triggered via MAC CE or DCI.

[0417] In one example, the CSI-RS resources within a set(s) of CSI-RS resources are set to the same density (d) (e.g., 1 or 3), but there is an offset (o) between the CSI-RS resources in the frequency domain. For example, the offset corresponds to separation in the frequency domain (e.g., the number of REs). The offset can be fixed (e.g., o=3, 6), set (RRC or DCI), or vary depending on the density (e.g., d=1, o=4).

[0418] ● In one example, CSI-RS resources within a CSI-RS resource set(s) are set to the same or different (overlapping, partially overlapping) bandwidths.

[0419] ○ In one example, completely nested.

[0420] ○ In one example, partially overlapping (at least 1 PRB, 4 PRB, or SB).

[0421] In one example, for calibration reporting, a UE with a CSI-ReportConfig configured with the upper-level parameter reportQuantity set to 'calibration' is expected not to have interference measurements set for CSI-IM and / or NZP-CSI-RS. In one example, for calibration reporting, a UE with a CSI-ReportConfig configured with the upper-level parameter reportQuantity set to 'calibration' can expect to have interference measurements set for CSI-IM and / or NZP-CSI-RS.

[0422] In one example, in the case of a correction report, there is at least one of the following limitations.

[0423] ● In one example, the UE is expected not to be set to the following:

[0424] ○ Two or more CSI-RS resources within a resource set for channel measurement.

[0425] ● In one example, the UE is expected not to be set to the following:

[0426] ○ 64 or more NZP CSI-RS resources and / or SS / PBCH block resources within the resource settings for channel measurement.

[0427] ● In one example, when interference measurements are performed in CSI-IM,

[0428] Each CSI-RS resource for channel measurement is associated with a CSI-IM resource on a resource-by-resource basis according to the order of CSI-RS resources and CSI-IM resources within the corresponding resource set.

[0429] ○ The number of CSI-RS resources for channel measurement is equal to the number of CSI-IM resources.

[0430] ● In one example, for a UE with a CSI-ReportConfig configured where the upper-level parameter reportQuantity is set to 'calibration', the following is expected to be configured:

[0431] ○ 1 ≤ K ≤ 4 CSI-RS resources or within the resource set for channel measurement

[0432] ○ K∈{4,8,12} non-periodic CSI-RS resources within the resource set for channel measurement.

[0433] ● In one example, for a set of non-periodic CSI-RS resources for channel measurement, K CSI-RS resources are triggered by the same triggering instance, and the interval between two consecutive CSI-RS resources is fixed (e.g., m=1 slot), set (e.g., m∈{1,2} slots via RRC), or provided via MAC CE or DCI.

[0434] ● In one example, in the frequency domain,

[0435] ○ In one example, the interval between identical port indices of consecutive CSI-RS resources can be the same.

[0436] ○ In one example, the spacing between identical port indices of consecutive CSI-RS resources can be fixed (subcarrier spacing).

[0437] ● In one example, for a correction report, the UE must expect that antenna ports with the same port index of K non-periodic CSI-RS resources will be identical.

[0438] ● In one example, for a calibration report, the UE must expect that antenna ports with the same port index of K non-periodic CSI-RS resources may be the same or different.

[0439] ● In one example, for a calibration report, a UE with a CSI-ReportConfig configured with the upper-level parameter reportQuantity set to 'calibration' is expected not to have interference measurements set for CSI-IM and / or NZP-CSI-RS.

[0440] ● In one example, for a calibration report, the UE may be set to an interference measurement for CSI-IM and / or NZP-CSI-RS, but only one resource may be set.

[0441] In one example, in the case of a correction report, An NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements having resources can be configured into two resource groups, and in Group 1 Dog resources, in group 2 It has several resources. In one example, am.

[0442] In one example, in the case of a correction report, An NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements with resources can be configured with g > 2 resource groups, and for groups i=1, 2, 3 It has dog resources.

[0443] In one example, for a calibration report, the NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements includes N∈{1,2} resource pairs.

[0444] ● Each resource pair includes one resource from Group 1 and one resource from Group 2.

[0445] ● The same resource may be associated with two resource pairs in frequency range 1, but may not be associated in frequency range 2.

[0446] In one example, for a CSI-ReportConfig where the upper-level parameter reportQuantity is set to 'calibration', after CSI reporting (re)configuring, serving cell activation, and BWP change, the UE [describes] the CSI-RS resource settings for channel measurements For each CSI-RS resource within a set of CSI-RS resources, a CSI report is made only after receiving at least one CSI-RS transmission opportunity, no later than the CSI reference resource.

[0447] In one example, non-periodic CSI reports returned from PUSCH support broadband (e.g., correction reports).

[0448] In one example, when the upper-level parameter reportQuantity is set to 'calibration', the CSI feedback includes a single part.

[0449] In one example, if reportQuantity is set to 'calibration' or 'calibration reporting', the CSI reporting setting is said to have broadband frequency granularity.

[0450] In one example, correction reporting is done through a 1-part UCI (e.g., PUCCH).

[0451] In one example, the correction report is made through Part 1 of the 2-part UCI (in PUCH or PUSCH).

[0452] In one example, the correction report is made through Part 2 of the 2-part UCI (in PUCH or PUSCH).

[0453] In one example, the correction report is made through only Part 1 or Part 2 of the 2-part UCI (in PUCH or PUSCH).

[0454] In one example, the correction report is made through Parts 1 and 2 of the 2-part UCI (in PUCH or PUSCH), similar to the 2-part CSI report.

[0455] In one example, (based on the correction report) the UE has Can AP NZP CSI-RS resources be configured.

[0456] ● In one example, among K MAC CE for activating dogs.

[0457] ● In one example, among K DCI for directing dogs.

[0458] ● In one example, MAC CE and N of K to activate N of K DCI for directing dogs.

[0459] In one example, and, where x is the number of sets, subsets, or sub-configurations whose IDs are indicated via RRC (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig).

[0460] In one example, , where x is the number of sets, subsets, or sub-sets, and am.

[0461] ● In one example, MAC CE to activate one of x.

[0462] ● In one example, DCI to indicate one of x.

[0463] ● In one example, MAC CE to activate N of x and DCI to indicate 1 of N.

[0464] Here, x can correspond to a number of different delays or / and frequency offset alignments / corrections / synchronizations.

[0465] If a CSI-ReportConfig is configured for a UE (e.g., UE (116)) with the upper-level parameter reportQuantity set to 'calibration', the value of Y∈S is set by the upper-level parameter Y, thereby expecting the UE to report Y or Y-1 delay offset values ​​(assuming one reference as described). The value of Y>1 can be set to depend on the UE capability. In one example, S={1,2,...,V}. The value V can be fixed (e.g., 4, 6, or 8). In one example, S={1,...,V} and V depends on the UE capability. For example, the maximum value of Y is reported by the UE at {4, 6, 8}.

[0466] In one example, the value is (number of NZP CSI-RS resources) It can be fixed as.

[0467] In one example, am.

[0468] ● In one example, the UE reports the Y value.

[0469] ● In one example, the Y value is set for the UE.

[0470] In one example, the UE may be set with a set of candidate delay offset values ​​(e.g., from a codebook) or frequency offset values ​​or phase offset values ​​(e.g., from the corresponding codebook), which is similar to a Codebook Subset Restriction (CBSR) that specifies each value or a subset of values ​​from the codebook for correction reporting.

[0471] The measurement associated with the r-th TRP (or CSI-RS resource or DL ​​RS) Let's assume that. Here, r=1,...,N and is the synthesis / aggregation channel in the TF unit (t,f) and is the offset associated with TRP.

[0472] As described in the present disclosure, one of the N TRPs may serve as a reference, and its offset may be fixed, for example, to 0. Without loss of generality, the reference TRP (resource) is (the first TRP) Corresponding to, and regarding this am.

[0473] In one example, based on measurement The value of can be provided / used to determine the report.

[0474] In one example, a low-pass or window-based approach can be used for reporting. In one example, the window is the value around the reference. Corresponds to. For example, and / or and, here is the window length or maximum value that can be provided / used for reporting Corresponding to, It can be fixed, set, or reported by the UE.

[0475] In one example, the measurement and reporting of the TF offset are uncoupled / separated, meaning that only one of the two separate mechanisms can be set / used.

[0476] ● Time Offset( In the case of ), the measurement corresponds to multiple (burst) time opportunities, and two consecutive time opportunities can be separated into d symbols or slots.

[0477] ● Frequency Offset( In the case of ), the measurement corresponds to multiple (burst) frequency opportunities, and two consecutive frequency opportunities can be separated into d subcarriers or PRB or SB.

[0478] In one example, the measurement and reporting of the TF offset are combined / joint, i.e. A single joint mechanism is used / established for 2D measurement and reporting of.

[0479] At least one of the following examples is used / set for the frequency domain subdivision of the reporting / calculation of offset value(s).

[0480] ● In one example, the reporting / calculation of offset value(s) is performed in a wideband (WB) manner, meaning that offset values ​​are reported commonly across the entire CSI reporting band.

[0481] ● In one example, the reporting / calculation of offset value(s) is performed in a subband (SB) manner, that is, an offset value is reported for each SB within the CSI reporting band. Additionally, a reference (WB) offset may also be reported, so that the subband offset level(s) = subband offset index(s) - broadband offset index.

[0482] Likewise, regarding the time domain granularity of reporting / calculation of offset value(s), at least one of the following examples is used / set.

[0483] ● In one example, the reporting / calculation of offset value(s) is performed in a wide-time (WT) manner, meaning that offset values ​​are reported commonly over the entire time window or period (the period during which reporting is expected to be valid).

[0484] ● In one example, the reporting / calculation of offset value(s) is performed in a sub-time (ST) manner, that is, an offset value is reported for each ST of the time period (where reporting is expected to be valid). Additionally, a reference (WT) offset may also be reported, so that ST offset level(s) = ST offset index(s) - WT offset index.

[0485] In one example, the report further includes recommendations regarding measurements across TRPs. In one example, implicitly through a single value, or explicitly through an indicator (e.g., 1 bit), or This can be done via a bit or N-bit bitmap indicator, where '0' indicates 'no measurement' and '1' indicates 'measurement (via NW-trigger DCI, MAC CE) or UE-initiation (trigger)'.

[0486] [Table 4]

[0487]

[0488] = Number of time slots for measurement; = Number of time slots for measurement; = number of subcarriers for measurement (in one slot); a = interval between slots (seconds), e.g., 1 msec; and b = subcarrier interval (Hz), e.g., 15 kHz.

[0489]

[0490] FD Phase Offset:

[0491]

[0492] Assuming, delay offset

[0493] Likewise, TD phase offset:

[0494]

[0495] Assuming, frequency offset

[0496] In both TD-FD:

[0497]

[0498] FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary method (1700) performed by a UE in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method (1700) of FIG. 17 may be performed by any of the UEs (111 to 116) of FIG. 1 (e.g., UE (116) of FIG. 3), and the method may be performed by any of the BSs (101 to 103) of FIG. 1 (e.g., BS (102) of FIG. 2). The method (1700) is for illustrative purposes only and other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0499] The method (1700) begins with the UE receiving information regarding K NZP CSI-RS and a correction report (1710). For example, in 1710, K is a positive integer. In various embodiments, the K NZP CSI-RS have the same BW. In various embodiments, the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources. Then, the UE measures the K NZP CSI-RS based on that information (1720). Then, the UE determines a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on that measurement (1730). For example, in 1730,

[0500] Then, the UE transmits a correction report containing at least one indicator indicating a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS (1740). For example, in 1740, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port, and the correction offset corresponds to at least one of DO, FO, and PO. In various embodiments, the CSI-RS port associated with each of the K NZP CSI-RS has the same port index.

[0501] In various embodiments, when the correction offset corresponds to DO or FO, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is set to TRS. For example, at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources corresponds to K sets of NZP CSI-RS resources, where each of the K sets of NZP CSI-RS resources includes one of the K NZP CSI-RS. In various embodiments, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is a periodic TRS.

[0502] In various embodiments, when the correction offset corresponds to a PO, at least one NZP CSI-RS resource set corresponds to one NZP CSI-RS resource set containing K NZP CSI-RS, and the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one sounding reference signal (SRS) with the use set to 'AntennaSwitching', and the UE transmits at least one SRS.

[0503] Any of the above variations may be used independently or in combination with at least one other variation. The above flowchart(s) represent exemplary methods that may be implemented in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure, and various modifications may be made to the methods illustrated in the flowcharts of this specification. For example, although illustrated as a series of steps, the various steps in each figure may overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur multiple times. In other examples, steps may be omitted or replaced with other steps.

[0504] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes and modifications may be suggested to those skilled in the art. The present disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Nothing in the description of the present application should be construed as implying that a particular element, step, or function is an essential component that must be included within the scope of the claims. The scope of the patentable subject matter is defined by the claims.

Claims

Claim 1 User equipment (UE) comprises: a transceiver; and a processor operably coupled to the transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to: (i) receive K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and (ii) receive information regarding a correction report, measure the K NZP CSI-RS based on the information, determine a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on the measurement, and transmit the correction report including at least one indicator indicating the correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port, and the correction offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO). Claim 2 In claim 1, the K NZP CSI-RS are UEs having the same bandwidth (BW: bandwidth). Claim 3 In claim 1, the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources, where: where the correction offset corresponds to DO or FO, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is set as a tracking RS (TRS), the at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources corresponds to a set of K NZP CSI-RS resources, each of the K sets of NZP CSI-RS resources includes one of the K NZP CSI-RS, where each of the K NZP CSI-RS is a periodic TRS, UE. Claim 4 In paragraph 3: where the correction offset corresponds to a PO, the at least one NZP CSI-RS resource set corresponds to one NZP CSI-RS resource set comprising the K NZP CSI-RS, the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one sounding reference signal (SRS) with its use set to 'AntennaSwitching', and the processor is further configured to transmit the at least one SRS, a UE. Claim 5 In claim 1, the CSI-RS port associated with each of the K NZP CSI-RSs has the same port index, UE. Claim 6 A base station (BS) comprising: a transceiver; and a processor operably coupled to the transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to: (i) transmit information regarding K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and (ii) a correction report; and receive the correction report, which includes at least one indicator indicating a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port, and wherein the correction offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO). Claim 7 In paragraph 6, the K NZP CSI-RS have the same bandwidth (BW), BS. Claim 8 In paragraph 6, the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources, where: where the correction offset corresponds to DO or FO, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is set as a tracking RS (TRS), the at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources corresponds to a set of K NZP CSI-RS resources, each of the K sets of NZP CSI-RS resources includes one of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is a periodic TRS, BS. Claim 9 In claim 8: where the correction offset corresponds to a PO, the at least one NZP CSI-RS resource set corresponds to one NZP CSI-RS resource set comprising the K NZP CSI-RSs, the K NZP CSI-RSs are associated with at least one sounding reference signal (SRS) with the usage set to 'AntennaSwitching', and the processor is further configured to receive the at least one SRS, BS. Claim 10 In paragraph 6, the CSI-RS port associated with each of the K NZP CSI-RSs has the same port index, BS. Claim 11 A method performed by user equipment (UE), the method comprising: (i) receiving information regarding K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and (ii) a correction report; measuring the K NZP CSI-RS based on the information; determining a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS based on the measurement; and transmitting the correction report including at least one indicator indicating the correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port, and the correction offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO). Claim 12 In claim 11, the K NZP CSI-RS have the same bandwidth (BW), and the K NZP CSI-RS are associated with at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources, where: if the correction offset corresponds to DO or FO, each of the K NZP CSI-RS is set as a tracking RS (TRS), the at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources corresponds to a set of K NZP CSI-RS resources, and each of the K sets of NZP CSI-RS resources includes one of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is a periodic TRS. Claim 13 In claim 12: where the correction offset corresponds to a PO, the at least one set of NZP CSI-RS resources corresponds to one set of NZP CSI-RS resources including the K NZP CSI-RSs, the K NZP CSI-RSs are associated with at least one sounding reference signal (SRS) with the usage set to 'AntennaSwitching', and the method further comprises the step of transmitting the at least one SRS. Claim 14 A method performed by a base station (BS), the method comprising: (i) transmitting information regarding K non-zero-power channel state information reference signals (NZP CSI-RS), K > 1, and (ii) a correction report; and receiving the correction report including at least one indicator indicating a correction offset for each of the K NZP CSI-RS, wherein each of the K NZP CSI-RS is associated with a CSI-RS port, and wherein the correction offset corresponds to at least one of a delay offset (DO), a frequency offset (FO), and a phase offset (PO). Claim 15 In paragraph 14, the above K NZP CSI-RS have the same bandwidth (BW: bandwidth).

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