Vehicle window assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle, wherein the vehicle window assembly includes a laser radar and vehicle window glass. The vehicle window glass comprises a laminated first transparent plate, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, and a second transparent plate, and the laser radar is installed on one side of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the laser radar is used to emit a laser and receive a laser reflected from a measurement target, and the laser includes P-polarization, the wavelength of the P-polarization is within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, and the P-polarization is incident on the second transparent plate at an angle of incidence of 55° to 70°, and the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for the incident P-polarization is 90% or more. The laser radar is installed on the inner side of the vehicle window glass, and since the vehicle window glass has a P-polarization transmittance of 90% or more within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, more of the P-polarization emitted from the laser radar can be transmitted through the vehicle window glass, thus not affecting the actual application of the laser radar.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle parts technology, and in particular to vehicle window assemblies and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles have always been a vital means of transportation for people, and autonomous driving technology has been a key direction of research in recent years. According to the "Classification of Driving Automation" criteria, autonomous driving levels are classified into L0 (Emergency Assistance), L1 (Partial Driving Assistance), L2 (Combined Driving Assistance), L3 (Conditional Automated Driving), L4 (Highly Automated Driving), and L5 (Fully Automated Driving). The current mainstream consensus within the industry is that vehicles at the L2 level or higher must be equipped with LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging).

[0003] The wavelengths of the lasers emitted by laser radars used in vehicles are 905nm and 1550nm. The advantage of lasers is that they do not diverge and maintain focus even over long distances. However, this prevents them from bypassing obstacles. They are significantly hindered by weather conditions such as rain, fog, and dust storms, and may even become inoperable. Therefore, market trends and demands are to fully integrate laser radars, which are typically mounted on the exterior of vehicles in existing technology, into the interior of the vehicle, specifically mounting them on the inner surface of the windshield. However, the lasers emitted and received by the laser radar installed inside the vehicle must all be transmitted through the vehicle's windows. Both 905nm and 1550nm wavelengths fall within the near-infrared frequency band. However, conventional vehicle windows have a relatively high blocking rate for near-infrared radiation to enhance thermal comfort inside the vehicle. Consequently, the transmittance of lasers with wavelengths of 905nm and 1550nm passing through vehicle windows is low, making it impossible to support the practical application of laser radar. means of solving the problem

[0004] The present application discloses a vehicle window assembly capable of solving the technical problem of low transmittance of a laser emitted and received by a laser radar passing through a vehicle window glass.

[0005] In a first embodiment, the present application provides a vehicle window assembly. The vehicle window assembly comprises a laser radar and vehicle window glass. The vehicle window glass comprises a laminated first transparent plate, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, and a second transparent plate, wherein the laser radar is installed on one side of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the laser radar is used to emit a laser and receive a laser reflected from a measurement target, wherein the laser comprises P-polarization, the wavelength of the P-polarization is within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, and the P-polarization is incident on the second transparent plate at an angle of incidence of 55° to 70°, and the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for the incident P-polarization is 90% or more.

[0006] The laser radar is installed on the inner side of the vehicle window glass, and since the vehicle window glass has a P-polarization transmittance of more than 90% within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm, more of the P-polarization emitted from the laser radar can be transmitted through the vehicle window glass, so it does not affect the actual application of the laser radar.

[0007] Optionally, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

[0008] Optionally, the range of the first refractive index is 1.450-1.485, and the range of the second refractive index is 1.435-1.468.

[0009] Optionally, the laser emitted from the laser radar is pure P-polarized.

[0010] Optionally, the laser emitted from the laser radar also contains S-polarization, and the proportion of S-polarization among the lasers emitted from the laser radar is 20% or less.

[0011] Optionally, the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a first transmittance for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate have a second transmittance for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is smaller than the second transmittance.

[0012] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficients of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2cm -1 am.

[0013] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficients of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.05 cm -1 ~0.18cm -1 am.

[0014] Optionally, the range of the light absorption coefficients of the first transparent plate and / or the second transparent plate is 0.07 cm -1 ~0.12cm -1 am.

[0015] Optionally, a reflection-reducing coating layer is installed on the surface of a first transparent plate facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or on the surface of a second transparent plate facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the reflection-reducing coating layer is used to increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%.

[0016] Optionally, a through hole is formed in an area corresponding to the laser radar in the second transparent plate, and / or a through hole is formed in an area corresponding to the laser radar in the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0017] Optionally, a reflection-reducing coating layer is installed on the surface of the first transparent plate near the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the reflection-reducing coating layer is used to increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%.

[0018] Optionally, the thickness range of the reflection-reducing coating layer in the stacking direction is 200 nm to 1200 nm.

[0019] Optionally, an infrared reflective coating layer or an infrared absorbing coating layer is installed on at least 70% of the surface of the first transparent plate near the thermoplastic intermediate layer or on at least 70% of the surface of the second transparent plate near the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and

[0020] An infrared reflective coating layer or an infrared absorbing coating layer is not installed in the area corresponding to the laser radar on the surface of the first transparent plate near the thermoplastic intermediate layer or in the area corresponding to the laser radar on the surface of the second transparent plate near the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0021] Optionally, the total solar energy transmittance of the vehicle window glass is 50% or less.

[0022] In a second embodiment, the present invention provides a vehicle. The vehicle comprises a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle frame as described in a first embodiment, wherein the vehicle window glass is mounted on the vehicle frame, and a laser radar is mounted on the vehicle window glass or the vehicle frame, and the laser radar is located inside the vehicle. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0023] To more clearly explain the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings necessary for explaining the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the accompanying drawings exemplified below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and that those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0024] Hereinafter, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely explained with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is evident that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a vehicle window assembly, and with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle window assembly (1) includes a laser radar (11) and a vehicle window glass (12), and the vehicle window glass (12) includes a laminated first transparent plate (121), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and a second transparent plate (122), and the laser radar (11) is installed on one side of the second transparent plate (122) facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124). A laser radar (11) is used to emit a laser and receive a laser reflected from a target object, and the laser includes P-polarization, the wavelength of the P-polarization is within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, the P-polarization is incident on a second transparent plate (122) at an angle of incidence of 55° to 70°, and the transmittance of the vehicle window glass (12) for the incident P-polarization is 90% or more.

[0026] In this embodiment, the vehicle window glass (12) is laminated glass, the first transparent plate (121) is used as the outer glass of the vehicle window glass (12), and the second transparent plate (122) is used as the inner glass of the vehicle window glass (12). The laser radar (11) is installed on one side of the second transparent plate (122) facing away from the first transparent plate (121), that is, the laser radar (11) is installed inside the vehicle and serves to protect the laser radar (11).

[0027] It should be explained that the laser radar (11) emits a laser and receives the laser reflected from the object being measured, and calculates the distance between the object being measured and the laser radar (11) based on the laser's Time of Flight (ToF) or Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW). Since the laser radar (11) is installed inside a vehicle, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) must have a high transmittance for the laser emitted from the laser radar (11). Within the operating wavelength range of the laser radar (11), the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a higher transmittance for P-polarized light than for natural light.

[0028] P-polarization is defined as follows. When light passes through the surface of an optical element (e.g., a beam splitter) at a non-perpendicular angle, both reflection and transmission characteristics depend on polarization phenomena. In this case, the coordinate system used is defined as a plane containing the input beam and the reflected beam. If the polarization vector of the light lies within this plane, it is called P-polarization, and if the polarization vector is perpendicular to this plane, it is called S-polarization; all input polarization states can be expressed as the vector sum of the S and P components.

[0029] Specifically, the angle of incidence range of the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) to the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is 55°-70°, that is, when the mounting angle range of the vehicle window assembly (1) is 20°-35°, the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) passes through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) to help reduce the effect of Fresnel reflection.

[0030] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the laser radar (11) is installed on the inside of the vehicle window glass (12), and the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a P-polarization transmittance of 90% or more within the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, so that more of the P-polarization emitted from the laser radar (11) can pass through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), thereby preventing it from affecting the actual application of the laser radar (11).

[0031] It should be understood that the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) may have a P-polarized transmittance of 93% or more within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm. Preferably, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) may have a P-polarized transmittance of 95% or more within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle window glass (12) includes a shielding layer (123) and an insulating layer (125) that are sequentially laminated.

[0033] Specifically, the shielding layer (123) shields the structure within the vehicle window glass (12) to prevent some of the structure within the vehicle window glass (12) from being directly observed from the outside of the vehicle window glass (12), thereby improving the overall aesthetic appearance. A through hole (126) is further formed in the shielding layer (123) and the insulating layer (125), and the through hole (126) allows a signal emitted from the laser radar (11) to pass through the shielding layer (123) and the insulating layer (125) through the through hole (126), or allows a signal transmitted to the laser radar (11) from the outside of the vehicle window glass (12) to be received through the through hole (126). It should be understood that in other possible embodiments, the shielding layer (123) may be installed on one side of the second transparent plate (122) facing away from the first transparent plate (121), and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122) both use glass plates with a thickness of 2.1 mm in the lamination direction, and the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) uses polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the first transparent plate (121), the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and the second transparent plate (122) are combined to form laminated glass.

[0035] It should be understood that in other possible embodiments, the choice of glass may vary depending on the application. Since the first transparent plate (121) primarily requires durability and impact resistance against external obstacles, it is preferable that the first transparent plate (121) be thick glass. To meet the requirements for lightweighting, the second transparent plate (122) may be selected as relatively thin glass to reduce the total thickness of the first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122). To meet the strength requirements of the vehicle window glass (12), the second transparent plate (122) may be strengthened to increase its strength. The first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122) may be either flat or curved, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0036] It should be understood that, in other possible embodiments, the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) may be PVB, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane (PU), cycloolefin polymer (COP), and polyolefin elastomer (POE), etc. Here, PVB has excellent adhesion to glass plates and penetration resistance, and considering sound insulation comfort, it is preferable that the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) be sound-insulating PVB. The thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) may be formed as at least one thermoplastic layer, or may be formed as three thermoplastic layers sandwiched with a soft core layer and two harder outer layers, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) only needs to be formed as a multilayer structure including at least one outer layer disposed on one side of the core layer and the first transparent plate (121). For example, the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) is formed as a two-layer thermoplastic layer including one outer layer disposed on one side of the core layer and the first transparent plate (121). Alternatively, the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) may include a core layer, two or more even outer layers installed on both sides of the core layer centered on the core layer, or a core layer, an odd number of outer layers installed on one side of the core layer, and an even number of outer layers installed on the other side of the core layer.

[0037] In addition, when only one outer layer is provided, the outer layer is installed on one side close to the first transparent plate (121), thereby improving resistance to damage from external forces from outside the vehicle. At the same time, the more outer layers there are, the higher the sound insulation performance. The material of the outer layer may be composed of PVB. The core layer may be made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or PVB that is softer than the PVB constituting the outer layer, and by inserting a soft core layer in the middle, the same adhesion and penetration resistance as a single-layer resin intermediate film sheet can be maintained, and the sound insulation performance is greatly improved.

[0038] The thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) may be a wedge-shaped structure for a head-up display, in which case the portion with the smallest thickness in the core layer and outer layer of the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) is at the bottom of the vehicle window glass (12), and the first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122) are not installed in parallel, and such installation is also included in the vehicle window glass (12) of the present invention.

[0039] In this embodiment, the insulating layer (125) satisfies the requirements for insulation and UV blocking and increases the comfort of the vehicle. The insulating layer (125) may be an infrared reflective coating layer, an infrared absorbing coating layer, etc. The present invention is not limited thereto as long as it does not affect the insulating layer (125) being placed between the first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122). To prevent the insulating layer (125) from blocking the laser emission and / or laser reception of the laser radar (11), the insulating layer (125) is not formed in the area of ​​the vehicle window glass (12) corresponding to the laser radar (11).

[0040] The infrared reflective coating layer comprises at least one metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer. The film material of the metal layer may be any material capable of reflecting infrared energy, such as silver, gold, aluminum, copper, etc., but is not limited thereto. Preferably, it is silver or a silver-containing alloy, wherein the silver alloy is preferably an alloy of silver and at least one of gold, aluminum, and copper. The infrared reflective coating layer comprising the metal layer may be, for example, a single silver coating layer, a double silver coating layer, a triple silver coating layer, or a silver alloy coating layer. The transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer may be ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), FTO (Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide), etc. The infrared reflective coating layer may also include a dielectric layer, an isolation layer, a protective layer, etc. Here, the dielectric layer may be Si3N4, ZnSnO x , ZnSnMgO x or ZnSnNiO x In addition to including a multi-film layer such as, it may include at least one of oxides of metals such as Zn, Sn, Mg, Ti, Ta, Nb, Bi, Zr, Si, and Al, and alloys thereof, or at least one of nitrides and nitrogen oxides of metals such as Si, Al, Ti, Ta, Zr, and Nb, and alloys thereof. The material of the isolation layer is at least one of oxides, nitrides, nitrogen oxides, incomplete oxides, incomplete nitrides, and incomplete nitrogen oxides of metals such as Ti, Ni, Cr, Al, Zr, Zn, Nb, and Ta, and alloys thereof. The material of the protective layer is SiO x , SiN x , SiO x N y , SiAlO x , SiAlO x N y , SiAlN y , ZrO x , ZrMO xThe infrared absorption coating layer can be prepared on a glass surface by the sol-gel method and is formed after curing, containing an inorganic infrared absorption component. Specifically, an inorganic silicon alkoxide, an organic solvent, a silane coupling agent, a catalyst, and deionized water can be selected. After obtaining a silica sol through mixing and stirring, an infrared absorption thermal insulation coating solution is obtained by mixing and stirring the silica sol, transparent conductive oxide nanoparticles, and additives.

[0041] As described above, although the types of insulation layers (125) vary and the processes differ significantly, in this embodiment, it is preferable to use a single silver coating layer, a double silver coating layer, a triple silver coating layer, or a silver alloy coating layer for the insulation layer (125).

[0042] In one possible embodiment, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a first refractive index for natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a second refractive index for natural light of 1550 nm, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.

[0043] It needs to be explained that the two most recently applied major wavelengths in LiDAR technology currently used in autonomous vehicles are the Near Infrared (NIR) wavelength bands of 905nm and 1550nm. However, conventional glass has low transmittance for the NIR wavelength band, and there was a problem of signal loss whenever the signal passed through the glass due to Fresnel reflection.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the angle of incidence of the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) incident on the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is 55°-70°, the light source of the laser radar (11) is selected to be P-polarized or mainly P-polarized, which enables the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) to achieve high transmittance for NIR wavelength band signals, particularly complete transmission without reflection at the Brewster angle.

[0045] Specifically, the Brewster angle (also called the polarization angle) is the angle of incidence at which light with a specific polarization completely penetrates the surface of a transparent medium without reflection.

[0046] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) has a small refractive index for a laser in the NIR wavelength band, that is, the refraction occurring after the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) passes through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is small, which helps in measuring the object to be measured by the laser radar (11).

[0047] In one possible embodiment, the first refractive index range is 1.450-1.485 and the second refractive index range is 1.435-1.468.

[0048] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, since both the first and second refractive indices are small, the refraction occurring after the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) passes through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is small, which helps in measuring the object to be measured by the laser radar (11).

[0049] In one possible embodiment, the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) is pure P-polarized.

[0050] Specifically, please refer to the above description for an explanation of P-polarization and S-polarization, and it will not be explained again here. When P-polarization is incident on the second transparent plate (122) at an angle of incidence of 55°-70°, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a higher transmittance of P-polarization than natural light within the operating wavelength range of the laser radar (11), so the laser light emitted from the laser radar (11) uses P-polarization, or mainly P-polarization.

[0051] In one possible embodiment, the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) also includes S-polarization, and the proportion of S-polarization among the lasers emitted from the laser radar (11) is 20% or less.

[0052] It should be understood that when the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) is P-polarized and S-polarized, the proportion of S-polarized light among the lasers emitted from the laser radar (11) may be 10% or less. Specifically, the proportion of S-polarized light among the lasers emitted from the laser radar (11) may be 5% or less. Preferably, the proportion of S-polarized light among the lasers emitted from the laser radar (11) may be 1% or less. The present invention is not limited thereto.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a first transmittance with respect to natural light of 905 nm, and the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) have a second transmittance with respect to natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is smaller than the second transmittance.

[0054] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) has a greater transmittance of a laser in the NIR wavelength band, so there is less reflection after the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) passes through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), which helps in measuring the object to be measured by the laser radar (11).

[0055] In one possible embodiment, the light absorption coefficient range of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2cm -1 am.

[0056] In this embodiment, the light absorption coefficient refers to the negative value of the natural logarithm of the internal transmittance per 1 cm of natural light passing through the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122). After a laser emitted from a laser radar (11) is incident perpendicularly on the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), the intensity of the light is weakened due to absorption by the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), and thus the value of the light absorption coefficient can be calculated by measuring the natural light transmittance of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122). Specifically, the value of the light absorption coefficient can be calculated using the following formula.

[0057]

[0058] K is the light absorption coefficient of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), l is the thickness in the stacking direction of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122), n is the refractive index of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for a laser of a specific wavelength, and T is the transmittance of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for a laser of a specific wavelength.

[0059] Specifically, in another possible embodiment, the light absorption coefficient range of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is 0.05 cm -1 -0.18cm -1 It may be. Preferably, the light absorption coefficient range of the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) is 0.07 cm -1 -0.12cm -1 It could be.

[0060] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. A reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is installed on the surface of a first transparent plate (121) facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) and / or on the surface of a second transparent plate (122) facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) can increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass (12) for incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%, and more preferably by 1.5%.

[0061] Specifically, if the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is a two-layer film, the structure is a high-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer sequentially from the surface of the vehicle window glass (12) outward. If the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is a three-layer film, the structure is a high-refractive-index layer / medium-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer sequentially from the surface of the vehicle window glass (12) outward, or a medium-refractive-index layer / high-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer structure. If the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is a four-layer film, the structure is a high-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer / high-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer sequentially from the surface of the vehicle window glass (12) outward. If the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is a multi-layer film, the structure is a high-refractive-index layer / low-refractive-index layer alternately arranged sequentially from the surface of the vehicle window glass (12) outward, and the refractive index of the material of the outermost layer is the lowest.

[0062] Here, it is preferable that the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers in the high-refractive-index layer, medium-refractive-index layer, and low-refractive-index layer is 0.3 or greater. The material of the high-refractive-index layer is AlN, Si3N4, Si, TiO2, ZrO2, Fe2O3, TiN y , Nb2O5, Ta2O5, DLC, MoO x , CeO2, CuO, BiO, CrO x At least one is selected from, and the material of the medium refractive index layer is Al2O3, AlN, Si3N4, TiO2, MgO, NdO x , SbO x , ZnO, ZrO2, MoO x , at least one selected from CeO2, and the material of the low refractive index layer is Al2O3, SiO2, SiON, AlON, MgO, MF x , WO x It is at least one selected from. It should be understood that the material of the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is not limited to the materials listed above.

[0063] In this embodiment, the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is installed to correspond to the through hole (126). It should be understood that in other possible embodiments, the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) may cover the entire surface of the second transparent plate (122), and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0064] It should be explained that the insulating layer (125) must remove the film in the area corresponding to the laser radar, and the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) may, if necessary, leave the film in the area corresponding to the laser radar and remove the film in the area not corresponding to the laser radar. Specifically, the film may be removed using technical processes such as masking or laser. It should be understood that due to the installation of the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) and the through hole (126), the vehicle window glass (12) may have a P-polarized transmittance of 94% or more within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. A through hole (126) is formed in an area corresponding to the laser radar (11) in the second transparent plate (122), and / or a through hole (126) is formed in an area corresponding to the laser radar (11) in the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124).

[0066] Specifically, a laser emitted from a laser radar (11) can be incident on a vehicle window glass (12) through a through hole (126). It should be understood that, in this embodiment, due to the installation of the through hole (126), the portion of the laser emitted from the laser radar (11) that is reflected or absorbed by the vehicle window glass (12) can be further reduced.

[0067] It needs to be explained that both the first transparent plate (121) and the second transparent plate (122) must satisfy the aforementioned limitations on refractive index and light absorption coefficient. If a through hole (126) is formed in the second transparent plate (122), only the first transparent plate (121) needs to satisfy the aforementioned limitations on refractive index and light absorption coefficient.

[0068] It should be understood that, due to the installation of the through hole (126), the vehicle window glass (12) may preferably have a P-polarized transmittance of 95% or more within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0069] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in another embodiment of the present invention. A reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is installed on the surface of a first transparent plate (121) near a thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) can increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass (12) for incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%, and more preferably by 1.5%.

[0070] It should be understood that the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) may be installed at other locations on the vehicle window assembly (1), for example, the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) may be installed on the surface of the first transparent plate (121) facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0071] In one possible embodiment, the thickness range of the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) in the stacking direction is 200 nm to 1200 nm. It should be understood that in other possible embodiments, the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) may also have different thicknesses along the stacking direction, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0072] In one possible embodiment, an infrared reflective coating layer or an infrared absorbing coating layer is installed in at least 70% of the surface of the first transparent plate (121) near the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) or in at least 70% of the surface of the second transparent plate (122) near the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and an infrared reflective coating layer or an infrared absorbing coating layer is not installed in the area corresponding to the laser radar (11) on the surface of the first transparent plate (121) near the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) or in the area corresponding to the laser radar (11) on the surface of the second transparent plate (122) near the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124).

[0073] In one possible embodiment, the total solar energy transmittance of the vehicle window glass (12) is 50% or less, reducing heat transfer between the inside and outside of the vehicle and ensuring the thermal insulation effect of the vehicle window glass (12).

[0074] Next, the installation of the insulation layer (125) and the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) will be described in detail.

[0075] Specifically, the insulating layer (125) is composed of a functional silver layer. The functional silver layer can be deposited on a glass surface via magnetron sputtering and can be coated on a second transparent plate (122) or a first transparent plate (121), and the film layer only needs to be connected to the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) toward the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124).

[0076] According to the design requirements of the film system for the insulating layer (125), a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering deposition equipment is used, and the substrate size meets the requirements of the vehicle window glass (12). In the design, the insulating layer (125) does not require full surface coating, and the insulating layer (125) in the area corresponding to the window area of ​​the laser radar (11) must be removed, and the entire periphery of the vehicle window glass (12) (i.e., the area corresponding to the printed black border) must also be removed, and the required film removal width varies by customer. Specifically, methods for performing localized coating include a direct method of coating the entire surface of the glass and then using a laser to remove the film in the area that does not require coating, and a method of using a mask during the coating process to block the sputtered material from reaching the glass substrate so that the film is coated only on the necessary areas.

[0077] The TCO coating layer can form an insulating layer (125) on the glass surface through magnetron sputtering deposition or high-temperature chemical vapor deposition technology.

[0078] It should be explained that, in this embodiment, the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) can achieve a high transmittance function in the near-infrared wavelength band of 800-1580 nm. Depending on the film system design requirements of the reflection-reducing coating layer (127), a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering deposition equipment is used, which may be continuous or discontinuous, may be a reactive sputtering mode or a metal sputtering mode, may be a drum rotation coating equipment, and the substrate size meets the requirements of a vehicle windshield.

[0079] When the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) exists only in a small area, that is, when local coating is required, specifically, the method of performing local coating can be a direct method of removing the film in the area where coating is not needed using a laser after coating the entire surface of the glass, or a method of coating only the necessary area by using a mask during the coating process to block the material sputtered by the mask from reaching the glass substrate.

[0080] It should be noted that although the above description details the installation method of the insulation layer (125) and the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) provided by the present invention, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments described above. Accordingly, all improvements, equivalent modifications, replacements, etc. based on the technical aspects of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] Next, different glass plates are selected to perform a test, and the vehicle window glass (12) comprises a first transparent plate (121) and a second transparent plate (122) with a thickness of 2.1 mm in the lamination direction, and a PVB thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) with a thickness of 0.76 mm. At the same time, a vehicle window glass (12) may be selected in which the combination of the first transparent plate (121), the second transparent plate (122), and the thermoplastic intermediate layer (124) satisfies the requirements for maximum lightweighting. Specific test results are as shown in the table below.

[0082] [Table 1] Table of glass plate test results with an angle of incidence of 0°

[0083]

[0084] Here, the disc (905nm) is the first refractive index of the disc glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for natural light of 905nm, the disc (1550nm) is the second refractive index of the disc glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for natural light of 1550nm, the disc (905nm) is the light absorption coefficient of the disc glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for natural light of 905nm, (1550nm) is the light absorption coefficient of the disc glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for natural light of 1550nm, and the disc TNIR (905nm) is the first transparent plate (121) and / or for natural light of 905nm The first transmittance of the original glass selected as the second transparent plate (122) is the first transmittance of the original glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for natural light of 1550 nm. Here, natural light refers to light that does not directly exhibit polarization phenomena and is measured using a general light source. Examples include the D65 standard light source used in ISO 9050 and the A light source used in ISO 13837.

[0085] [Table 2] Test results table with an angle of incidence of 60°

[0086]

[0087] Here, the original-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the original glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60 degrees, the laminated-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the laminated first transparent plate (121), thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and second transparent plate (122) for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60 degrees, and the laminated+AR-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the laminated first transparent plate (121), thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), second transparent plate (122), and reflection reduction for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 60 degrees. This is the transmittance of the coating layer (127).

[0088] [Table 3] Test results table with an angle of incidence of 66°

[0089]

[0090] Here, the original-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the original glass selected as the first transparent plate (121) and / or the second transparent plate (122) for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 66 degrees, the laminated-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the laminated first transparent plate (121), thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), and second transparent plate (122) for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 66 degrees, and the laminated+AR-PT (800-1580nm) is the transmittance of the laminated first transparent plate (121), thermoplastic intermediate layer (124), second transparent plate (122), and reflection reduction for P-polarized light within the wavelength range of 800nm-1580nm incident at an angle of incidence of 66 degrees. This is the transmittance of the coating layer (127).

[0091] It should be understood that the above test results indicate that a glass plate with a refractive index, transmittance, and light absorption coefficient within a limited range has a transmittance of at least 93% for P-polarized light within a wavelength range of 800-1580 nm with an incident angle of 55°-70°; and when the laminated glass made from the plate is used as a vehicle window glass (12) with an incident angle of 55°-70° and no reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is applied, the transmittance for P-polarized light within the 800-1580 nm range is at least 90%, which satisfies the high transmittance requirements of a laser radar located inside a vehicle, thereby ensuring normal operation of the laser radar and improving accuracy. From Tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that after applying a reflection-reducing coating layer (127) to a vehicle window glass (12), the transmittance for P-polarized light in the range of 800-1580 nm is at least 92%, and the transmittance for P-polarized light can be improved by at least 1.2% compared to the vehicle window glass before applying the reflection-reducing coating layer (127), and even by at least 1.5%, and the transmittance-increasing effect of the reflection-reducing coating layer (127) is distinct.

[0092] The present invention further provides a vehicle (2). Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a plan view of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (2) includes the vehicle window assembly (1) and the vehicle frame (21) described above, the vehicle window glass (12) is mounted on the vehicle frame (21), the laser radar (11) is mounted on the vehicle window glass (12) or the vehicle frame (21), and the laser radar (11) is located inside the vehicle (2). Specifically, the vehicle window assembly (1) can be described above and is not described further here.

[0093] The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this document by applying specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is intended merely to aid in understanding the core concept of the present invention, and those skilled in the art may modify specific embodiments and scopes of application in accordance with the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0094] Vehicle Window Assembly 1 Laser Radar 11 Vehicle window glass 12 1st transparent plate 121 2nd transparent plate 122 Shielding layer 123 Thermoplastic Interlayer 124 Insulation layer 125 126 through holes Reflection-reducing coating layer 127 Vehicle 2 Vehicle frame 21

Claims

Claim 1 A vehicle window assembly comprises a laser radar and vehicle window glass, wherein the vehicle window glass comprises a laminated first transparent plate, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, and a second transparent plate, wherein the laser radar is installed on one side of the second transparent plate facing away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer, wherein the laser radar is used to emit a laser and receive a laser reflected from a measurement target, wherein the laser comprises P-polarization, wherein the wavelength of the P-polarization is within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1580 nm, wherein the P-polarization is incident on the second transparent plate at an angle of incidence of 55° to 70°, wherein the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for the incident P-polarization is 90% or more, wherein at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate has a first refractive index with respect to natural light of 905 nm, and at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate has a second refractive index with respect to natural light of 1550 nm, wherein the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index, and A vehicle window assembly characterized in that the range of the first refractive index is 1.450-1.485 and the range of the second refractive index is 1.435-1.

468. Claim 2 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser emitted from the laser radar is pure P-polarized. Claim 3 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, wherein the laser emitted from the laser radar also includes S-polarization, and the ratio of the S-polarization among the lasers emitted from the laser radar is 20% or less. Claim 4 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate has a first transmittance with respect to natural light of 905 nm, and at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate has a second transmittance with respect to natural light of 1550 nm, and the first transmittance is smaller than the second transmittance. Claim 5 In claim 1, the range of the light absorption coefficient of at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate is 0.04 cm -1 ~0.2cm -1 A vehicle window assembly characterized by being. Claim 6 In claim 1, the range of the light absorption coefficient of at least one of the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate is 0.05 cm -1 ~0.18cm -1 A vehicle window assembly characterized by being. Claim 7 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, wherein a reflection-reducing coating layer is installed on at least one of the surface of the first transparent plate facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer and the surface of the second transparent plate facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the reflection-reducing coating layer is used to increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass with respect to incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%. Claim 8 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that a through hole is formed in at least one of the area corresponding to the laser radar in the second transparent plate and the area corresponding to the laser radar in the thermoplastic intermediate layer. Claim 9 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, wherein a reflection-reducing coating layer is installed on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the reflection-reducing coating layer is used to increase the transmittance of the vehicle window glass for incident P-polarized light by at least 1.2%. Claim 10 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the thickness range of the reflection-reducing coating layer in the lamination direction is 200 nm to 1200 nm. Claim 11 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, wherein an infrared reflective coating layer or an infrared absorbing coating layer is installed in at least 70% of the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer or in at least 70% of the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and the infrared reflective coating layer or the infrared absorbing coating layer is not installed in the area corresponding to the laser radar on the surface of the first transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer or in the area corresponding to the laser radar on the surface of the second transparent plate close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer. Claim 12 A vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the total solar energy transmittance of the vehicle window glass is 50% or less. Claim 13 A vehicle comprising a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle frame as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the vehicle window glass is mounted on the vehicle frame, the laser radar is mounted on the vehicle window glass or the vehicle frame, and the laser radar is located inside the vehicle. Claim 14 delete Claim 15 delete Claim 16 delete

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