Switch frog with continuous running surface protected from longitudinal displacement of core relative to guard rails

Abstract

FIELD: railway tracks.SUBSTANCE: invention is aimed at increasing the reliability of switch frogs with a continuous rolling surface. The frog comprises the guard rails, the movable core and the drive. The guard rails are rigidly connected to the core in the longitudinal direction through the support rails. Each support rail is welded to the guard rail at the front or mechanically attached using bolts, and at the tail end is connected to the core via an insert and a bolted connection with a longitudinal gap that provides compensation for temperature deformations.EFFECT: stability of the rolling surface geometry is ensured, and mutual longitudinal displacements of the core and guard rails are minimized.5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rail tracks, namely to the design of switch frogs with a continuous rolling surface (CTS) for mainline railways, including high-speed and high-speed railways.

[0002] A switch frog with a continuous running surface (RU223655U, published 28.02.2024) is known. It comprises two guardrails, a movable core, located on pads and secured to the sub-rail base with fasteners, and a core drive. The movable core consists of a long and a short rail, rigidly connected to each other, with specific geometric parameters from the rail tip to sections with a certain head width. During operation of such a design, undesirable mutual longitudinal displacements (shifts) of the core relative to the guardrails occur (see Fig. 1 of the source materials). These displacements (Δ and L in Fig. 1) lead to a disruption in the operation of the drive, deterioration of the fit of the core to the guardrails, distortion of the geometry of the rolling surface, which entails incorrect operation of the switch, possible failures in the switch, disruptions in the control system and disruptions in train movement.

[0003] The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, namely, to minimize the mutual longitudinal displacements of the core and the guards during the operation of the crosspiece.

[0004] The technical result is an increase in the reliability and stability of the crosspiece operation due to the creation of a rigid longitudinal connection between the guardrails and the core, which eliminates their uncontrolled mutual displacement, ensures the preservation of geometric parameters and the correct functioning of the drive and control systems.

[0005] The specified technical result is achieved in that in a frog with a continuous rolling surface containing two fixed guardrails, a movable core located between them and made in the form of rigidly connected long and short rails, a drive for moving the core, as well as pads and fastening elements for fixing to the sub-rail base, according to the invention, the guardrails have a rigid longitudinal connection with the core by means of at least one support rail welded to each guardrail, or attached mechanically using bolts in its front part, while in the tail part, each support rail is mechanically connected through an opening to the tail part of the core by means of an insert and a set of fastening elements, forming a rigid connection that compensates for temperature deformations.

[0006] Brief description of drawings

[0007] The drawings schematically show:

[0008] Fig. 1 – Diagram of the longitudinal displacement (shift) of the core relative to the guardrails in the prototype, where Δ is the magnitude of the core displacement during the shift, L is the amount of shift.

[0009] Fig. 2 – Shows the connection points (A and B) of the support rail with the tail section of the core (axonometric view).

[0010] Fig. 3 – Design of the connection of the support rail with the tail part of the core (axonometric view).

[0011] Fig. 4 – Place of mechanical connection of the support rail with the guardrail (top view).

[0012] Fig. 5 – Method of mechanically connecting a support rail to a guardrail (sectional end view).

[0013] Fig. 6 – Section B-B from Fig. 2 (cross-section in the area of ​​the stops, close-up).

[0014] The drawings show: the tail of the core (1), guardrails (2, 3), support rail (4), liner (5), gap (6) between the bolt and the liner in the longitudinal direction, support plate (7), bolt (8), washer (9), nut (10), stop (11), fastening unit (12) for fixing the stop (containing, for example, a bolt, nut, washers), male-female connection (13).

[0015] Implementation of the invention

[0016] The frog is a prefabricated structure. The movable core (1) is located between two fixed guardrails (2, 3). To prevent their mutual longitudinal displacement, each guardrail (2, 3) in its root (front) part (see Fig. 2(A)) is rigidly connected to the support rail (4) by contact butt welding (not shown in the drawings), or attached mechanically using bolts (Figs. 4, 5). A welded joint with subsequent fusion (not shown in the drawings) or a "male-female" connection (13) ensures monolithicity and high strength in this unit.

[0017] In the tail section of the crosspiece (see Fig. 2(B)) each support rail (4) does not have a rigid welded connection, but is connected to the tail of the core (1) through an insert (5).

[0018] The connection is made as follows (see Fig. 3). The insert (5), installed in the hole in the tail of the core (1) and the corresponding hole in the support rail (4), is covered by support plates (7). The bolt (8), passed through the plates (7) and the insert (5), is tightened with a nut (10) through a washer (9). The presence of a longitudinal gap (6) between the body of the bolt (8) and the hole in the insert (5) is critically important. This gap compensates for thermal expansion / contraction of the continuous rails without creating destructive stresses in the assembly, but at the same time completely eliminates working (operational) longitudinal displacements of the core relative to the guardrails (2, 3).

[0019] The support rails (4) additionally perform the function of power elements, onto which stops (11) (Fig. 6), designed to withstand transverse loads, are installed through fastening units (12).

[0020] The rigid longitudinal connection in the front part (welding) eliminates the possibility of any relative shift between the root of the guardrail and the beginning of the support rail, forming a single rigid frame.

[0021] A rigid yet temperature-compensating connection of the fastening unit (12) in the tail section (insert joint with gap (6)) is provided by connecting the elements: a set of insert (5), plates (7), and bolted joint (8, 9, 10) securely fixes the support rail (4) and core (1) in the longitudinal direction relative to each other under operating conditions. Gap (6) provides "free play" for temperature deformations, preventing stress accumulation.

[0022] Thus, the core and the guardrails, connected through the support rails at two points (front and rear), are deprived of the degree of freedom for mutual longitudinal displacement.

[0023] The design according to the invention ensures the elimination of the consequences of theft, since displacement becomes impossible, all the problems associated with it are eliminated, such as: disruption of the drive operation, deterioration of the contact fit, changes in the geometry of the NPK, translation failures and failures in the drive system.

[0024] The invention can be used in the production and modernization of turnouts for public railways, including lines with high-speed and high-speed traffic, increasing their reliability and reducing maintenance costs.

Claims

1. A switch frog with a continuous running surface, comprising two fixed guardrails, a movable core located between the guardrails and made in the form of rigidly connected long and short rails, a drive for moving the core, pads and fastening elements for fixing to the sub-rail base, characterized in that the guardrails have a rigid longitudinal connection with the core by means of at least one support rail welded to each guardrail in its front part or attached mechanically using bolts, while in the tail part each support rail is mechanically connected through an opening to the tail part of the core by means of an insert and a set of fastening elements.

2. A crosspiece according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the connection of the support rail with the tail section of the core is designed with the possibility of compensating for temperature deformations, for which purpose a gap is made between the fastening element and the insert in the longitudinal direction.

3. A crosspiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the set of fasteners for connection with the insert contains a bolt, a nut, a washer, and at least one support plate.

4. A frog according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the support rail is welded to the guardrail using contact butt welding.

5. A crosspiece according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the support rails additionally serve as a base for installing stops secured to them by means of fastening units.

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