Message enhancement in random access procedure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/100033
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-19
Smart Images

Figure CN2023100033_19122024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MESSAGE ENHANCEMENT IN RANDOM ACCESS PROCEDURE
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium of message enhancement in a random access (RA) procedure.BACKGROUND
[0003] In the fifth generation (5G) New Radio (NR) , several random access procedures are supported, for example, a four-step random access channel (RACH) in Release 15 (Rel-15) and a two-step RACH in Rel-16. During a random access procedure, such as a contention based random access (CBRA) procedure or a contention free random access (CFBA) process, the network may transmit one or more messages to a terminal device such as user equipment (UE) . For example, in the four-step RACH procedure, a message 2 (Msg2) and a message 4 (Msg4) are transmitted from the network to the terminal device. For another example, in the two-step RACH procedure, a message B (MsgB) is transmitted from the network to the terminal device.
[0004] In some communication networks, especially a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , network characteristics such as satellite movement and satellite distance from the user equipment may affect the message reception at the terminal device during the random access procedure. Therefore, the message transmission or reception during the random access procedure need to be enhanced.SUMMARY
[0005] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and receive, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0006] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:transmit, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and transmit, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.
[0007] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and receiving, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0008] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and transmitting, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.
[0009] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and means for receiving, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0010] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and means for transmitting, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.
[0011] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform the method according to the third or fourth aspect.
[0012] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0015] FIG. 2A illustrates a signaling flow for a four-step RACH procedure;
[0016] FIG. 2B illustrates a signaling flow for a two-step RACH procedure;
[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow for message enhancement during the random access procedure according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates another signaling flow for message enhancement during the random access procedure according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network access device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0022] FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0023] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0025] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0026] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0027] It shall be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second” and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0028] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements> ” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements> ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0029] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0031] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0032] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0033] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0034] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0035] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0036] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0037] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0038] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0039] As used herein, the term “network device” or “network access device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0040] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0041] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0042] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a terminal device 110 and a network access device 120, can communicate with each other. In some example embodiments, the communication environment 100 may include radio access network (RAN) such as an NTN or any other suitable network.
[0043] In the example of FIG. 1, the network access device 120 serves the terminal device 110. The serving area of the network access device 120 may be called a cell 102. The terminal device 110 may try to access the cell 102 of the network access device 120. As used herein, the term “network access device” may referred to as a network device in the RAN, which may also be referred to as a “network device” .
[0044] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the cell 102, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the communication environment 100. It is noted that, the network access device 120 may be another device than a network access device, and the terminal device 110 may be a device other than a terminal device.
[0045] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the terminal device 110 operating as a terminal device and the network access device 120 operating as a network access device. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network access device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network access device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.
[0046] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 is a terminal device and the network access device 120 is a network access device, a link from the network access device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network access device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the network access device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the network access device 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0047] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) , and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0048] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 and the network access device 120 may perform a random access (RA) procedure, such as a CBRA procedure or a CFRA procedure. For example, a CBRA procedure such as a four-step RACH procedure or a two-step RACH procedure will be performed.
[0049] FIG. 2A illustrates a signaling flow 200 for a four-step RACH procedure. As shown, a terminal device 201 (such as UE) transmits (210) a first message (referred to as Msg1) to a network access device 202 (such as gNB) . The first message includes a specific preamble. The first message may be transmitted (210) by the terminal device 201 via physical random-access channel (PRACH) using a specific resource called RACH occasion (RO) or PRACH occasion. The network access device 202 receives (215) the first message.
[0050] In response to receiving (215) the first message, the network access device 202 transmits (220) a second message (referred to as Msg2) to the terminal device 201. The second message may be a random-access response (RAR) message such as a medium access control (MAC) RAR message. The second message includes a detected preamble identity (ID) , a time advance command, a temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) and an uplink (UL) grant for a transmission of a third message (referred to as Msg3) on physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0051] In some example embodiments, the second message is carried in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) such as DCI format 1_0. The DCI includes cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) . The RA-RNTI may be generated according to a predefined specification.
[0052] The terminal device 201 receives (225) the second message. In response to receiving (225) the second message, the terminal device 201 transmits (230) the third message to the network access device 202 over the scheduled PUSCH with an ID for contention resolution (referred to as contention resolution ID) . The third message or Msg3 may be a radio resource control (RRC) request.
[0053] The network access device 202 receives (235) the third message. The network access device 202 transmits (240) a fourth message (referred to as Msg4) to the terminal device 201. The fourth message or Msg4 may also be referred to as a contention resolution message. The contention resolution message may include the contention resolution ID. In embodiments where the third message is a RRC request, the fourth message may be a RRC setup.
[0054] The terminal device 201 receives (245) the fourth message. Upon reception (245) of the fourth message, the terminal device 201 may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) if its contention resolution ID is carried by the fourth message. In this way, the four-step RACH completes.
[0055] It is to be understood that prior to the first message, there may also be a preliminary step of transmitting and receiving the synchronization signal block (SSB) , i.e., DL beam sweeping. The SSB or DL beam sweeping is not formally part of the RACH procedure. As a result of this preliminary step, the terminal device 201 selects the index of the preferred SSB beam and decodes the associated physical broadcast channel (PBCH) for master information block (MIB) , system information block (SIB) , or the like. This index is also used by the terminal device 201 to identify a suitable RACH occasion (RO) for the preamble transmission (for example, the first message) , according to the SSB-to-RO mapping implicitly conveyed by system information block type 1 (SIB1) .
[0056] FIG. 2B illustrates a signaling flow 250 of a two-step RACH procedure, which is similar to the four-step RACH procedure. In the example of FIG. 2B, the first message and the third message are combined into a first combined message (referred to as MsgA) , and the second message and the fourth message are combined into a second combined message (referred to as MsgB) . As illustrated, the terminal device 201 transmits (260) the first combined message to the network access device 202, without waiting feedback such as the second message. In response to receiving (265) the first combined message, the network access device 202 transmits (270) the second combined message to the terminal device 201. The terminal device 201 receives (275) the second combined message. Upon reception (275) of the second combined message, the terminal device 201 may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) if its contention resolution ID is carried by the second combined message. In this way, the two-step RACH completes.
[0057] As mentioned, in some communication networks, especially in an NTN, network characteristics such as power flux density (PFD) limitation or satellite movement or satellite distance to the user equipment may affect the message reception (for example, the second message, the fourth message or the second combined message reception) at the terminal device during the random access procedure such as CBRA procedure or CFRA process. Therefore, the message transmission or reception during the random access procedure needs to be enhanced.
[0058] In some mechanisms, general NR coverage enhancement is applied to the NTN. Potential issues and enhancements considering the NTN characteristics may be considered. For example, the coverage performance of different UL and DL channels is assessed, and bottleneck channels are identified. In order to improve the bottleneck channels, PUCCH enhancements for Msg4 hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ACK such as repetitions of the Msg4 HARQ ACK has been proposed. In addition, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bunding for PUSCH may take NTN-specifics (for example, time-frequency pre-compensation) into account.
[0059] However, these mechanisms focus mostly on UL enhancements, such as enhancements of the Msg4 HARQ-ACK and enhancements to the DMRS bunding framework for PUSCH.
[0060] In some mechanisms for DL enhancements for the random access procedure, it has been observed that when considering satellite power limitations, for example due to regulatory requirements or power split among the beams of the satellite, the channels related to initial access may need to be enhanced. However, such DL channel enhancement needs to be specified or defined.
[0061] Channel performance or channel quality such as signal to noise ratio (SNR) for Msg2 PDSCH and / or Msg4 PDSCH channel has been observed under different situations. It has been observed that, when considering PFD limits or more generically limits on satellite output power, coverage enhancements for the Msg2 PDSCH and / or Msg4 PDSCH channels are necessary.
[0062] In some mechanisms, it has been proposed to reduce the interference contributions. However, such mechanisms are not relevant to the DL enhancements for the random access procedure, since the problem is in the power budget of the link between the satellite and the UE. In some mechanisms, it has been proposed to increase the transmission power. However, due to the PFD limit, such mechanisms may not be practical.
[0063] In some mechanisms, it has been proposed to increase the energy per bit through either reducing the payload or by transmitting over longer time. For example, transmitting over longer time may be achieved by introducing repetitions of the channel to be enhanced. However, in the random access procedure, repetitions cannot be currently scheduled for the Msg2 and the Msg4 PDSCH, and it is not straightforward because there is no RRC connection between the terminal device and the network access device (eNB or gNB) during the RA. Therefore, mechanism to enable coverage enhancements for the Msg2 and Msg4 PDSCH are necessary.
[0064] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on message repetitions in a random access procedure is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network access device transmits indication information to a terminal device. The indication information is about an enhanced transmission for a message of a random access procedure, such as Msg2, Msg4, or MsgB, wherein with enhanced transmission it is intended an extension of physical resources in time and / or frequency domain for the messages of a random access procedure such as Msg3, Msg4 or MsgB. In one example, the enhanced transmission of the message may be a transmission of repetitions of the message. In such cases, the indication information may indicate a repetition factor related to a number of repetitions. In another example, the enhanced transmission of the message may be a transmission of the message over multiple slots. In such cases, the indication information may indicate that an extension of physical resources for receiving the message such as a plurality of physical resources associated with multiple slots is applied. The terminal device receives the indication information. The terminal device then receives, based on the received indication information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0065] As described above, the network access device may have several modes for transmitting the random access message (s) to the terminal device: a conventional mode where a conventional set of physical resources is used to transmit the random access message (s) to the terminal device; and an enhanced mode with the extension of physical resources with respect to the conventional set. By having more physical resources, the reliability of delivering the message (s) successfully to the terminal device may be improved. The term ‘enhanced’ may thus be considered as related to improving the reliability of delivering the message (s) to the terminal device. The extension of physical resources means that there are more physical resources for increasing redundancy to the transmission of the message (s) , e.g. via repetition or adding parity check bits or having more reliable coding or some other means.
[0066] By indicating the repetition factor or indicating the extension of physical resources for PDSCH, the terminal device will be aware of how many repetitions of the message are being transmitted by the network access device, or how many physical resources need to be used for receiving the message. In addition, the time span of the repetitions or of the physical resources may be known to the terminal device. In this way, the physical resources of the DL channel in time and / or frequency domain such as PDSCH for Msg2 / Msg4 or MsgB may be extended in a same or different slot and thereby allows the terminal device to combine the received PDSCH transmissions. By using the present solution, the DL transmission or reception during the random access procedure can be enhanced.
[0067] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference is now made to FIG. 3, which illustrates a signaling flow 300 for message enhancement in a random access procedure according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network access device 120.
[0068] In operation, the network access device 120 transmits (310) , to the terminal device 110, indication information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure. The terminal device 110 receives (315) the indication information. As used herein, for the purpose of illustration, the indication information transmitted (310) from the network access device 120 to the terminal device 110 may be referred to as “first information” . As used herein, the term “enhanced transmission of the message” may be also referred to as “message enhancement” or “enhancement of the message” .
[0069] In one example, the enhanced transmission of the message may refer to a transmission of repetitions of the message. For example, a same codeword may be repeated across different slots. In another example, the enhanced transmission of the message may refer to a transmission of the message in multiple slots or over multiple slots (also referred to as multi-slot transmission of the message) . For example, a single codeword may be spread and transmitted across different slots.
[0070] The enhanced transmission of message is transmitted by the network access device 120 to the terminal device 110 during the random access procedure. In some example embodiments, the random access procedure may be a CBRA procedure or a CFRA procedure. In one example, the random access procedure may be a four-step RACH procedure as shown in FIG. 2A. In such cases, the message may be the Msg2 such as random-access response (RAR) message, or the Msg4 such as a contention resolution message, or both. In another example, the random access may be a two-step RACH procedure as shown in FIG. 2B. In such cases, the message may be a combined message such as the MsgB (that is, a combined message of Msg2 and Msg4) .
[0071] It is to be understood that these above examples of the message of the random access procedure, and the example random access procedures are only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation. Any suitable message associated with any suitable random access procedure may be applied. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0072] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive (315) downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device 120. The DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0073] Alternatively, in some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive (315) the first information from the network access device 120 via a higher layer signaling such as system information block one (SIB1) . As used herein, the term “higher layer” may also be referred to as “high layer” . The higher layer may refer to RRC layer (Layer 3) . That is, the first information may be configured via the higher layer, for example via the System Information Block 1 (SIB1) . The first information may be transmitted prior to DCI for indicating resources for the message. The first information may also be transmitted before Msg1 of the four-step RACH procedure or before the MsgA of the two-step RACH procedure. The DCI transmitted from the network access device 120 to the terminal device 110 for indicating or scheduling resources for the message may indicate a trigger of the first message (also referred to as configured first message) . The trigger may enable the first information. In such cases, the terminal device 110 may determine (330) that the configured first information is enabled.
[0074] Alternatively, in some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 determine the first information from specification text. The DCI transmitted from the network access device 120 to the terminal device 110 for indicating or scheduling resources for the message may indicate a trigger of the first information. The trigger may enable the first information. In such cases, the terminal device 110 may determine (330) that the first information is enabled.
[0075] In some example embodiments, the DCI indicating at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information may include cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled with radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) . For example, the DCI may be DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by random access (RA) -RNTI for the four-step RACH cases or DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by MsgB-RNTI for the two-step RACH cases. The DCI may be used by the network access device 120 to indicate or schedule the resources for the message PDSCH.
[0076] In some example embodiments, the RNTI is a radio network identifier value calculated based on a RACH occasion (RO) . The terminal device 110 may transmit the PRACH preamble in the RO. For example, the content of the DCI may be specified in Table 1 below.
[0077] Table 1
[0078] In some example embodiments, for the operation in a cell without shared spectrum access in frequency range 1 (FR1) and frequency range 2-1 (FR2-1) , such as for the NTN cases, the field Reserved bits may contain 16 reserved bits. It is to be understood that in other example embodiments, the DCI may have different number of reserved bits as defined in Table 1 or determined by other suitable rules. In some example embodiments, the 16 reserved bits may be discarded by the terminal device 110 upon receiving the DCI.
[0079] Alternatively, in some example embodiments, the 16 reserved bits may be used by the network access device 120 to indicate or carry the first information or to indicate or carry the trigger of the first information. For example, at least one bit of the 16 reserved bits or part of the 16 reserved bits may indicate the first information or the trigger of the first information, or both. The at least one bit may be still reserved but the specifications may specify the terminal device 110 (assuming the terminal device 110 supporting this indication information) to read the at least one bit. In this way, the terminal device 110 may be informed of the first information or inform of the trigger of the first information.
[0080] In some example embodiments, the number of the at least one bit may be predefined, for example predefined in the specifications. Alternatively, the number of the at least one bit may be configured by the network access device 120, for example via higher layer signaling, such as SIB1. For example, one bit, two bits, or other suitable number of bits in the reserved bits may be used for the first information or for the trigger.
[0081] Likewise, in some example embodiments, at least one position of the at least one bit may be predefined, for example predefined in the specifications. Alternatively, at least one position of the at least one bit may be configured by the network access device 120, for example via higher layer signaling, such as SIB1. In one example, the at least one position may be the first two position of the reserved bits. That is, the first two most significant bits (MSBs) of the reserved bits may be used for the first information, or for the trigger.
[0082] It is to be understood that the number of the at least one bit, and / or the position of the at least one bit may be determined by any other suitable rules. The example number or position of the at least one bit is only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation.
[0083] In some example embodiments, a field in the DCI may include the at least one bit. That is, the at least one bit is included in a field in the DCI. In other words, part of the reserved bits in DCI may be used for introducing a new field carrying the first information, or carry the trigger of the first information.
[0084] In some example embodiments, the DCI may include a certain bit (referred to as “afirst bit” ) that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger. The first bit is different from the at least one bit used for the first information. As the reserved bits of the DCI may by discarded at the terminal device 110 in some scenarios, by using a single bit such as the first bit in a first position of the reserved bit to indicate whether the at least one bit is used or repurposed for the first information or the trigger, the terminal device 110 may be informed to not discard the reserved bits.
[0085] By way of example, if the first bit has a first value such as “1” or other suitable value, the terminal device 110 may determine that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger. Otherwise, if the first bit has a value different from the first value, the terminal device 110 may discard the at least one bit. In some example embodiment, the first value may be used to indicate whether the at least one bit indicates the first information. A different predefined second value may indicate whether the at least one bit indicates the trigger of the first information. A value different from the first and second values may indicate to discard the at least one bit.
[0086] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message may include a transmission of the message in multiple slots. In such cases, the first information may indicate that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message. As used herein, the term “extension of physical resources” may refer to physical resources associated with the multiple slots for receiving the message. The amount of the extended physical resources may be larger than that of physical resources for a single slot message reception. That is, the first information may inform the terminal device 110 that “extension” of the physical resources for the DL channel such as Msg2, Msg4 or MsgB PDSCH for the message has been applied.
[0087] Based on the first information, the network access device 120 transmits (335) the enhanced transmission of the message (in this case is the message in multiple slots) to the terminal device 110 during the random access procedure. In such cases, the terminal device 110 may determine (330) that the extension of physical resources being applied for the enhanced transmission based on the first information is enabled. The terminal device 110 receives (340) the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device 120 based on the first information during the random access procedure.
[0088] In this way, the terminal device 110 (assuming that the terminal device 110 supports reception of the enhanced transmission of the message) may extract the resource elements carrying the PDSCH from extended physical resources prior to initiating the decoding of the data packet carried on the PDSCH.
[0089] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message may include a transmission of at least one repetition of the message. In such cases, the first information may indicate a repetition factor for the at least one repetition of the message. For example, the at least one bit in DCI may explicitly or implicitly indicate the repetition factor. The repetition factor for the message may be related to the number of repetitions of the message. That is, the repetition factor represents how many repetitions of the message will be transmitted. In some example embodiments, the at least one repetition of the message may include a plurality of repetitions of the message. For example, the repetition factor may be an integer greater or equal than 1.
[0090] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit in the DCI indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table. The table includes a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors. The mapped value indicates the repetition factor. In one example, the table may be predefined or specified. For example, the table may be in the specifications. In another example, the table may be configured by the network access device 120 for example via higher layer signaling. In a further example, the table may be configured by the higher layer such as the RRC layer. If the configured table is missing, the terminal device 110 may use a preconfigured default table defined in the specifications.
[0091] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the at least one bit in the DCI may include a sequence of bits. In one example, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicates the repetition factor. For example, the predefined value may be “1” or any other suitable value. Assuming that the predefined value is 1, an example sequence (0 1 0 0 0 …0) may indicate the repetition factor of “2” because the predefined value is the second one in the sequence, and another example sequence (0 0 0 1 …0) may indicate the repetition factor of “4” because the predefined value is the fourth one in the sequence.
[0092] In another example, the value change of the sequence may indicate the repetition factor. For example, a bit may be referred to as a toggle bit if a previous bit and a subsequent bit of the toggle bit have a first value (such as 0 or other value) while the toggle bit has a different second value (such as 1 or other value) . For example, in the example sequence (0 1 0 0 0 …0) , the toggle bit is in the second position, which indicates the repetition factor of “2” . In the example sequence (0 0 0 1 …0) , the toggle bit is in the fourth position, which may indicate the repetition factor of “4” . The repetition factor may also be determined based on a mapping between the value of the repetition factor and the position of the toggle bit. The mapping may be specified or be configured by the network access device 120.
[0093] It is to be understood that the repetition factor may be indicated by using any suitable rules. The above example rules or mapping are only for the purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0094] Example regarding indicating the repetition factor by the first information or by the DCI have been described. In this way, the terminal device 110 may be informed about the number of repetitions of the message to be transmitted by the network access device 120. For example, the terminal device 110 may determine (330) the repetition factor based on the received (315) first information.
[0095] Examples regarding the first information indicating the repetition factor and examples regarding the first information indicating the trigger of the repetition factor have been described. In some example embodiments, the first information may indicate both the repetition factor and the trigger of the repetition factor.
[0096] By indicating the first information, the terminal device 110 can know how many repetitions are to be transmitted by the network access device 120. Meanwhile, the time span of the PDSCH repetitions will be known by the terminal device 110.
[0097] In the example of repetitions of the message, based on the received (315) first information, the terminal device 110 receives at least one repetition of the message from the network access device 120 during the random access procedure. Likewise, the network access device 120 may transmit the at least one repetition of the message to the terminal device 110 based on the first information.
[0098] In the example where the first information indicates the repetition factor of the message, the network access device 120 transmits (335) the enhanced transmission of the message such as at least one repetition of the message to the terminal device 110 during the random access procedure. The terminal device 110 receives (340) the at least one repetition of the message during the random access procedure. In some example embodiments, the repetitions of the message are received / transmitted via a DL channel such as PDSCH. As used herein, the repetition of the message may also be referred to as the PDSCH repetition or the message PDSCH repetition. It is to be understood that in some example embodiments, the at least one repetition of message may include a single repetition of the message.
[0099] In some example embodiments, a larger number of resources for transmission the repetitions via the channel for a certain number of bits (in case of data channel) may be assigned, which will improve the physical layer performance of the channel. For example, the channel may be repeated multiple times, to transmit the plurality of repetitions. In this way, the terminal device 110 (that is, the receiver) may have a possibility to combine the received signals (for example, the repetitions) . By combining the repetitions, the reliability of the demodulated and decoded bits may be improved.
[0100] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receives (340) a first repetition of the message. The terminal device 110 may determine whether a payload of the message is obtained by decoding the first repetition of the message. If the payload is obtained, the terminal device 110 may not receive the following repetitions. Otherwise, if the payload is not obtained, the terminal device 110 may receive (340) a second repetition of the message. Likewise, the terminal device 110 may determine whether to receive the following repetitions. In other words, the terminal device 110 receives each repetition such as PDSCH repetition separately until the message such as the message PDSCH is successfully decoded.
[0101] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may combine the received (340) plurality of repetitions of the message. The terminal device 110 may obtain a payload of the message by decoding the combined plurality of repetitions of the message. That is, the terminal device 110 may combine all the PDSCH repetitions before decoding the message payload.
[0102] In view of the above, the coverage of the message channel such as the coverage of the Msg2 and / or Msg4 or MsgB PDSCH can be enhanced by repeating the PDSCH multiple times in a same slot or different slots. Meanwhile, the terminal device 110 can combine the received multiple PDSCH transmissions.
[0103] Examples regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message based on the first information have been described. In some example embodiments, before receiving the enhanced transmission of the message, the terminal device 110 may transmit (320) indication information (referred to as second information) to the network access device 120. As used herein, for the purpose of illustration, the indication information from the terminal device 110 to the network access device 120 may be referred to as “second information” . The network access device 120 may receive (325) the second information.
[0104] In some example embodiments, the second information may indicate a capability of the terminal device 110 regarding the enhancement of the message. For example, the capability may indicate whether the terminal device 110 is capable of supporting the message enhancement such as receiving a plurality of repetitions of the message or receiving the message in multiple slots. For another example, the capability may indicate whether the terminal device 110 is capable of receiving or reading the at least one bit of the reserved bits in the DCI.
[0105] In this way, the network access device 120 may be aware of whether transmission of the message repetitions or transmission of the message in multiple slots are supported by the terminal device 110. If the terminal device 110 does not support the enhancement of the message, the network access device 120 may not transmit (335) the plurality of repetitions of the message or the message in multiple slots to the terminal device 110. By indicating the capability of the terminal device 110 to the network access device 120, the network access device 120 can avoid wasting resources.
[0106] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the second information may indicate a request for an enhancement of the message. The request for the enhancement of the message may indicate that the terminal device 110 requests for receiving a plurality of repetitions of the message. Alternatively, the request for the enhancement of the message may request for receiving the message in multiple slots.
[0107] In some example embodiments, a threshold on downlink signal quality (or also referred to as “threshold quality” ) for transmitting the second information may be predefined. Alternatively, the threshold quality may be configured by the network access device 120. For example, a reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold for the DL may be predefined or configured as the threshold quality. The second information may be transmitted (320) based on a comparison between the measured DL RSRP and the predefined or configured threshold quality.
[0108] In one example, the terminal device 110 may measure a reference DL channel such as the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) . If the measured RSRP of the SSB (such as the SSB-RSRP) is lower than the threshold quality, the terminal device 110 may transmit (320) the second information (for example, the request for enhancement of the message) to the network access device 120. Otherwise, the terminal device 110 may not transmit (320) the second information. In this way, the transmission of the repetitions of the message or the transmission of the message in multiple slots can be received if the measured RSRP is below the predefined or configured threshold quality. The resources of the network access device 120 may be saved accordingly. It is to be understood that other measurement result or other threshold quality may be applied. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0109] In some example embodiments, the second information is received (325) by the network access device 120 before transmitting (310) the first information. In one example, the network access device 120 may transmit (310) the first information in response to receiving (325) the second information. For example, if the terminal device 110 requests for the enhancement of the message, the network access device 120 may indicate the first information such as the repetition factor or extension of physical resources to the terminal device 110. For example, if the second information indicates a request for repetitions of the message, the network access device 120 may determine the repetition factor of the repetition based on channel condition or other rules. The network access device 120 may transmit (320) the first information including the determined repetition factor to the terminal device 110. The repetition factor may be any suitable integer. For example, if the physical layer is in an overloading situation, the repetition factor may be set to one. If the physical layer is in a good situation, the repetition factor may be greater than one.
[0110] Although in FIG. 3, the second information is shown as prior to the first information, in some example embodiment, the second information may also be subsequent to the first information. For example, if the second information indicates the capability of the terminal device 110 regarding the message repetition, the second information may be transmitted (320) by the terminal device 110 after receiving (315) the first information. The second information may also be transmitted (320) before receiving (315) the first information. The orders of the first and second information is not limited.
[0111] In some example embodiments, the message may be the RAR message (such as Msg2) , or the contention resolution message (such as Msg4) , or both the RAR message and the contention resolution message, or a combined message of these two messages (such as MsgB) . In such cases, the second information may be transmitted (320) / received (325) via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource, such as a PRACH occasion or RO. For example, a PRACH with a preamble may indicate the second information. That is, the second indication may be transmitted (320) / received (325) via a specific PRACH preamble. The PRACH preamble may further indicate that the terminal device 110 is trying to access the cell of the network access device 120. For another example, a PRACH with specific preamble in specific ROs may indicate the second information.
[0112] Alternatively, in embodiments wherein the message is the contention resolution message (such as Msg4) , the second information may be transmitted after the first information via a request message for contention resolution such as Msg3.
[0113] Examples regarding indicating the second information to the network access device 120 have been described. With the second information, the network access device 120 can avoid waste resources.
[0114] Several examples regarding indicating the message enhancement such as message repetition or multi-slot transmission of the message during the random access procedure have been described with respect to FIG. 3. By applying the present solution, the DL enhancement during the random access procedure such as CBRA procedure or CFRA procedure can be achieved. In addition, by indicating the request or capability of the terminal device 110, it can avoid the network access device 120 from resource wasting.
[0115] As mentioned above, such message enhancement may be applied to different messages associated with the random access procedure, such as Msg2, Msg4, Msg 2 and Msg4, or MsgB. Further example embodiments will be described with respect to FIG. 4, which illustrates a signaling flow 400 for message enhancement in a random access procedure according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signaling flow 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. In the description of FIG. 4, assuming that the random access procedure is a four-step RACH procedure, the message enhancement refers to the message repetitions, and assuming that the repetition factor is configured for the Msg2 and triggered via DCI.
[0116] As depicted, the network access device 120 may transmit (410) a configuration to the terminal device 110. The terminal device 110 may receive (415) the configuration. For example, the configuration may be transmitted (410) / received (415) via SIB1 with a repetition factor. For purpose of illustration, in the description of FIG. 4, the repetition factor may be represented by N, which is an integer. That is, the terminal device 110 may be configured from the network access device 120 via SIB1 with the repetition factor N for the Msg2 PDSCH. In one example, the configuration of the repetition factor may be in PDSCH-TimeDomainResourceAllocationList in PDSCH-ConfigCommon.
[0117] The terminal device 110 may transmit (420) second information to the network access device 120. The network access device 120 may receive (425) the second information. The second information may be similar to that described with respect to FIG. 3, which will not be repeated here.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may indicate the capability of Msg2 repetitions (that is, the second information) via specific choice of PRACH resources. In one example, the terminal device 110 may transmit (420) the PRACH (for example, Msg1) in specific PRACH occasions (ROs) to indicate the capability (also referred to as the second information) . In a further example, the terminal device 110 may transmit (420) PRACH with specific preamble to indicate the capability. In a still further example, the terminal device 110 may transmit (420) PRACH with specific preamble in specific ROs to indicate the capability. By indicating the capability, the network access device 120 may avoid wasting resources.
[0119] The network access device 120 transmits (430) DCI to the terminal device 110. The DCI includes a trigger of the repetition factor. The terminal device 110 receives (435) the DCI. The DCI may be DCI 1_0 with CRC scrambled by the RA-RNTI. The RA-RNTI may be related to the RO used by the terminal device 110 for indicating the capability. The DCI may schedule the Msg2 PDSCH. A reserved bit of the DCI set to a predefined value such as 1 may enable the configured repetition factor for the subsequent Msg2. For example, the first bit such as MSB of the 16 reserved bits in DCI 1_0 may be repurposed to enable the configured repetition factor for the subsequent Msg2. For another example, a bit of the 16 reserved bits in DCI 1_0 may be used to introduce a new field in the DCI. The new field may be used for enabling the configured repetition factor for the subsequent Msg2. In this way, the configured repetition factor may be dynamically triggered.
[0120] The terminal device 110 may decode (440) the received (435) DCI. By decoding (440) the DCI, the terminal device 110 may determine (445) that the configured repetition factor is enabled for the subsequent Msg2 PDSCH. For example, if the MSB of the reserved bits is set to 1, the terminal device 110 may determine (445) or understand that the configured repetition factor is enabled for the subsequent Msg2 PDSCH.
[0121] Based on the repetition factor, the terminal device 110 receives at least one repetition of Msg2 during the four-step RACH procedure. Assuming the repetition factor is greater than 1, as illustrated, the network access device 120 transmits (450) a first repetition of Msg2 to the terminal device 110, transmits (460) a second repetition of Msg2 to the terminal device 110, …, and transmits (470) a Nth (N being an integer greater than 1) repetition of Msg2 to the terminal device 110. The terminal device 110 receives (455 / 465 / 475) the plurality of repetitions of Msg2 during the four-step RACH procedure.
[0122] In this way, the Msg2 transmission or reception during the four-step RACH procedure can be enhanced.
[0123] It is to be understood that the transmission (420) / reception (425) of the second information (for example, Msg1 or PRACH) may be performed before the transmitting (450) of the first repetition of the message. The transmission (420) / reception (425) of the second information may be performed at any suitable time occasion before transmitting (450) of the first repetition of the message. The orders of the transmission (410) / reception (415) of the configuration, the transmission (420) / reception (425) of second information, or the transmission (430) / reception (435) of the DCI may vary and not be limited. For example, the configuration may be transmitted (410) / received (415) before or after transmission (420) / reception (425) of the second information.
[0124] It is to be understood that in some example embodiments, the repetition factor may be only configured and enabled for Msg2. Alternatively, or in addition, the repetition factor may also be enabled for Msg4. That is, after receiving (455 / 465 / 475) the plurality of repetitions of Msg2 during the four-step RACH procedure, the terminal device 110 may transmit a Msg3 to the network access device 120. After receiving the Msg3, the network access device 120 may transmit a plurality of repetitions of Msg4 to the terminal device 110 based on the repetition factor.
[0125] The plurality of repetitions of Msg4 may be the same or different than the repetition factor for Msg2. In the case of different repetition factors for Msg2 and Msg4, the repetition factor of Msg4 may be proportional to the Msg2 repetition factor. For example, the repetition factor for Msg4 may be determined based on a proportionality factor and the repetition factor for Msg2. If the proportionality factor is two, the repetition factor for Msg4 may be determined as double of the repetition factor for Msg2. In some example embodiments, the proportionality factor may be configured or determined via specifications. The terminal device 110 may receive the plurality of repetitions of Msg4 based on the repetition factor. It is to be understood that in some example embodiment, a repetition factor may also be only configured and enabled for Msg4.
[0126] It is to be understood that example embodiments described with respect to the four-step RACH procedure may be also applied to a two-step RACH procedure. It is to be understood that for then multiple slots transmission of the message, a similar flow or process may be applied. Scope of the present application is not limited in this regard.
[0127] It would be appreciated that some example specifications and embodiments are provided above, and the detailed description may be varied.
[0128] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 500 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0129] At block 510, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network access device such as the network access device 120, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure.
[0130] At block 520, the terminal device 110 receives, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of: a transmission of repetitions of the message, or a transmission of the message in multiple slots.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0134] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: receiving the first information from the network access device via a higher layer; and receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: if the first bit has a first value, determining that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information; and if the first bit has a value different from the first value, discarding the at least one bit.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, or wherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.
[0140] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: transmitting, to the network access device before receiving the message, second information indicating at least one of: a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, or a capability of the terminal device 110 regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.
[0142] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: determining a channel quality of a channel associated with the enhanced transmission of the message; and transmitting the second information based on a comparison between the channel quality and a threshold quality.
[0143] In some example embodiments, the second information is transmitted via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.
[0144] In some example embodiments, the message comprises Msg2, and the second information is transmitted via Msg3.
[0145] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: Msg2 or Msg4.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises MsgB.
[0147] FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a network access device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of the network access device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0148] At block 610, the network access device 120 transmits, to a terminal device such as the terminal device 110, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure.
[0149] At block 620, the network access device 120 transmits, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of: a transmission of repetitions of the message, or a transmission of the message in multiple slots.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: transmitting the first information to the terminal device via a higher layer; and transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.
[0157] In some example embodiments, a first value of the first bit indicates that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information, and a value different from the first value of the first bit indicates to discard the at least one bit.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, or wherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: receiving, from the terminal device before transmitting the message, second information indicating at least one of: a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, or a capability of the terminal device regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the second information is received via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the message comprises Msg2, and the second information is received via Msg3.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: a Msg2 or a Msg4.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises a MsgB.
[0166] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 500 (for example, the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and means for receiving, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.
[0168] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of: a transmission of repetitions of the message, or a transmission of the message in multiple slots.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving the first information from the network access device via a higher layer; and means for receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.
[0173] In some example embodiments, the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.
[0174] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for if the first bit has a first value, determining that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information; and means for if the first bit has a value different from the first value, discarding the at least one bit.
[0175] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0176] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, or wherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.
[0177] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.
[0178] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the network access device before receiving the message, second information indicating at least one of: a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, or a capability of the first apparatus regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.
[0179] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining a channel quality of a channel associated with the enhanced transmission of the message; and means for transmitting the second information based on a comparison between the channel quality and a threshold quality.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the second information is transmitted via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.
[0181] In some example embodiments, the message comprises a Msg2, and the second information is transmitted via a Msg3.
[0182] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: a Msg2 or a Msg4.
[0183] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises a MsgB.
[0184] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 500 or the terminal device 110. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the first apparatus.
[0185] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 600 (for example, the network access device 120 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the network access device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0186] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; and means for transmitting, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of: a transmission of repetitions of the message, or a transmission of the message in multiple slots.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0189] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0190] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.
[0191] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting the first information to the terminal device via a higher layer; and means for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.
[0192] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.
[0194] In some example embodiments, a first value of the first bit indicates that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information, and a value different from the first value of the first bit indicates to discard the at least one bit.
[0195] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.
[0196] In some example embodiments, the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, or wherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.
[0197] In some example embodiments, the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.
[0198] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the terminal device before transmitting the message, second information indicating at least one of: a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, or a capability of the terminal device regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.
[0199] In some example embodiments, the second information is received via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.
[0200] In some example embodiments, the message comprises a Msg2, and the second information is received via a Msg3.
[0201] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: a Msg2 or a Msg4.
[0202] In some example embodiments, the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises a MsgB.
[0203] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 600 or the network access device 120. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the second apparatus.
[0204] FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram of a device 700 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the terminal device 110 or the network access device 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 700 includes one or more processors 710, one or more memories 720 coupled to the processor 710, and one or more communication modules 740 coupled to the processor 710.
[0205] The communication module 740 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 740 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 740 may include at least one antenna.
[0206] The processor 710 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 700 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0207] The memory 720 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 724, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 722 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0208] Acomputer program 730 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 710. The instructions of the program 730 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 730 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 724. The processor 710 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 730 into the RAM 722.
[0209] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 730 so that the device 700 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2A to FIG. 6. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0210] In some example embodiments, the program 730 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 700 (such as in the memory 720) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 700. The device 700 may load the program 730 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 722 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0211] FIG. 8 shows an example of the computer readable medium 800 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 800 has the program 730 stored thereon.
[0212] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0213] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0214] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0215] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0216] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0217] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0218] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:receive, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andreceive, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of:a transmission of repetitions of the message, ora transmission of the message in multiple slots.3.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.4.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device,wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.5.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive the first information from the network access device via a higher layer; andreceive downlink control information (DCI) from the network access device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.6.The apparatus of claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.7.The apparatus of any of claims 4 to 6, wherein the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.8.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is caused to:if the first bit has a first value, determine that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information; andif the first bit has a value different from the first value, discard the at least one bit.9.The apparatus of any of claims 4 to 8, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.10.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, orwherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.11.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.12.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to the network access device before receiving the message, second information indicating at least one of:a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, ora capability of the apparatus regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.13.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:determine a channel quality of a channel associated with the enhanced transmission of the message; andtransmit the second information based on a comparison between the channel quality and a threshold quality.14.The apparatus of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the second information is transmitted via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.15.The apparatus of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the message comprises a Msg2, and the second information is transmitted via a Msg3.16.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 15, wherein the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: a Msg2 or a Msg4.17.The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 15, wherein the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises a MsgB.18.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:transmit, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andtransmit, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.19.The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises at least one of:a transmission of repetitions of the message, ora transmission of the message in multiple slots.20.The apparatus of claim 18 or claim 19, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:transmit downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device,wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.21.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises the transmission of repetitions of the message, and the first information indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.22.The apparatus of any of claims 18 to 20, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:transmit downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, wherein the DCI comprises at least one bit indicating the first information.23.The apparatus of any of claims 18 to 20, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:transmit the first information to the terminal device via a higher layer; andtransmit downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, at least one bit in the DCI indicating a trigger of the first information.24.The apparatus of claim 22 or claim 23, wherein the at least one bit is comprised in a field of the DCI.25.The apparatus of any of claims 22 to 24, wherein the DCI comprises a first bit that indicates whether the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or a trigger of the first information, the first bit being different from the at least one bit.26.The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a first value of the first bit indicates that the at least one bit indicates at least one of the first information or the trigger of the first information, anda value different from the first value of the first bit indicates to discard the at least one bit.27.The apparatus of any of claims 22 to 26, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of repetitions of the message, and the at least one bit indicates a repetition factor for the repetitions of the message.28.The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one bit indicates a codepoint mapping to a value in a table, the table comprising a plurality of values of candidate repetition factors, the mapped value indicating the repetition factor, orwherein the at least one bit comprises a sequence of bits, a position of a predefined value in the sequence indicating the repetition factor.29.The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 28, wherein the enhanced transmission of the message comprises a transmission of the message in multiple slots, and the first information indicates that an extension of physical resources is applied for receiving the message in multiple slots.30.The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 29, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the terminal device before transmitting the message, second information indicating at least one of:a request for the enhanced transmission of the message, ora capability of the terminal regarding receiving the enhanced transmission of the message.31.The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the second information is received via a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource.32.The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the message comprises a Msg2, and the second information is received via a Msg3.33.The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 32, wherein the random access procedure comprises a four-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises at least one of: a Msg2 or a Msg4.34.The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 32, wherein the random access procedure comprises a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, and the message comprises a MsgB.35.A method comprising:receiving, at a terminal device from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andreceiving, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.36.A method comprising:transmitting, at a network access device to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andtransmitting, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.37.An apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andmeans for receiving, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure.38.An apparatus comprising:means for transmitting, to a terminal device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure; andmeans for transmitting, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message to the terminal device during the random access procedure.39.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 35 or the method of claim 36.
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