Reconfigurable intelligence surface apparatus and terminal communication method

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a reconfigurable intelligence surface apparatus and a terminal communication method. The reconfigurable intelligence surface apparatus is provided in a terminal, and the apparatus comprises a plurality of individual reconfigurable intelligence surfaces, the plurality of individual reconfigurable intelligence surfaces each comprising a folded state and an unfolded state, wherein in the folded state, the plurality of individual reconfigurable intelligence surfaces are folded in the terminal, and the apparatus is used for assisting the terminal in performing uplink communication; and in the unfolded state, the plurality of individual reconfigurable intelligence surfaces extend outwards from the interior of the terminal, and the apparatus is used for assisting the terminal and / or a peripheral terminal of the terminal in performing downlink communication.

Description

Intelligent metasurface device and terminal communication method

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 27, 2023, with application number 202310773308.9 and invention name “Smart Metasurface Device and Terminal Communication Method”. The entire contents of the Chinese patent application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an intelligent metasurface device and a terminal communication method. Background Art

[0004] Reconfigurable Intelligence Surface (RIS), also known as reconfigurable intelligent surface, is an artificial electromagnetic surface structure with programmable electromagnetic properties. It is composed of a large number of carefully designed electromagnetic units. The electromagnetic properties of the electromagnetic units can be dynamically controlled by control circuits to achieve intelligent reconstruction of wireless signal propagation characteristics in three-dimensional space. Intelligent metasurfaces can usually assist base stations in downlink communications to enhance the signal quality of downlink signals received by terminals. However, in actual application scenarios, for terminals, when performing uplink or downlink communications, there is usually a need for uplink enhancement or downlink enhancement. Considering the characteristics of intelligent metasurfaces, if intelligent metasurfaces can be combined with terminals, it will effectively assist terminals in communication.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In a first aspect, an intelligent metasurface device is provided, which is arranged in a terminal, and the device includes a plurality of monomeric intelligent metasurfaces, wherein: the plurality of monomeric intelligent metasurfaces include a folded state and an unfolded state; in the folded state, the plurality of monomeric intelligent metasurfaces are folded in the terminal, and the device is used to assist the terminal in uplink communication; in the unfolded state, the plurality of monomeric intelligent metasurfaces extend outward from the terminal, and the device is used to assist the terminal and / or peripheral terminals of the terminal in downlink communication.

[0007] In a second aspect, a terminal communication method is provided, which is applied to the terminal, and the terminal is provided with an intelligent metasurface device as described in the first aspect. The method includes: obtaining communication information of the terminal; and determining the working state of the multiple monomer intelligent metasurfaces based on the communication information of the terminal, and the working state is the folded state or the expanded state.

[0008] According to a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method described in the second aspect.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method described in the second aspect.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided, in which the intelligent metasurface device as described in the first aspect is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0012] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent metasurface device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces in a collapsed state and an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of three single-unit smart metasurfaces in a collapsed state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of three monomer smart metasurfaces switching from a collapsed state to an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of controlling three single-unit smart metasurfaces in a non-tiled state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of five single-unit smart metasurfaces switching from a collapsed state to an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a terminal communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent metasurface device for uplink enhancement according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent metasurface device for downlink enhancement according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the direct emission diameter and direct connection diameter of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in a single-layer tiled state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a terminal performing uplink and downlink enhancement based on a smart metasurface according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a terminal communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names in Figures 1 to 6 is as follows:

[0027] 10 Intelligent metasurface device, 11 terminal, 101 single intelligent metasurface, 21 camera or other auxiliary peripherals, 111 middle frame, 112 shell, 113 side wall outlet, 114 antenna, 115 mainboard, 31 fixed metasurface, 32 fixed axis, 33 track, 34 mobile metasurface, 35 first motor, 36 electromagnet, 361 spare electromagnet, 37 spring, 38 flat support, 39 permanent magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0029] The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application and the claims are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the numerals used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "and / or" in this application and the claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally represents that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0030] The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent metasurface device 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The smart metasurface device 10 shown in FIG1 is disposed within a terminal 11 and includes a plurality of individual smart metasurfaces 101. The plurality of individual smart metasurfaces 101 include a collapsed state and an expanded state (not shown in FIG1 ). In the collapsed state, the plurality of individual smart metasurfaces 101 are collapsed within the terminal 11, and the smart metasurface device 10 can assist the terminal 11 in uplink communication. In the expanded state, the plurality of individual smart metasurfaces 101 extend outward from the terminal 11, and the smart metasurface device 10 can assist the terminal 11 and / or peripheral terminals of the terminal 11 in downlink communication.

[0033] The terminal can be a fixed terminal or a mobile terminal with communication capabilities. For example, the terminal can be a customer premises equipment (CPE), a vehicle terminal, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a smart home device. The intelligent metasurface device is disposed within the terminal, and can be disposed within the terminal housing.

[0034] The peripheral terminals of a terminal may be other terminals around the terminal, for example, terminals with device-to-device (D2D) communication capabilities such as the Internet of Vehicles, terminals with weak indoor coverage signals, low-power IoT terminals, etc. The number of peripheral terminals may be one or more.

[0035] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the reason why multiple single-body smart metasurfaces are set up is that, considering that the shell area of ​​the terminal (especially the mobile terminal) is generally small, if a single-body smart metasurface is set in the terminal shell, then the number of electromagnetic units that can be configured is limited, and insufficient number of electromagnetic units will lead to insufficient signal power gain. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application adopts multiple single-body smart metasurfaces, and multiple single-body smart metasurfaces can be flexibly switched between the folded state and the expanded state according to the terminal requirements, and there are sufficient number of electromagnetic units in both states.

[0036] The specific number of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be determined based on actual needs and is not specifically limited here. Optionally, considering that the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces have a collapsed state, and in the collapsed state, the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces are collapsed within the terminal, the number of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be determined based on the size of the terminal. For example, if the terminal is a small smartphone, the number of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be 3 to 5. If the terminal is a large smart home, the number of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be 5 or more.

[0037] Optionally, the collapsed state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can be the default state (i.e., the default state) of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces. Among them, the collapsed state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can be a state in which multiple monomer smart metasurfaces are superimposed and collapsed in the terminal. For example, if the number of monomer smart metasurfaces is 3, then the three monomer smart metasurfaces can be three layers superimposed and collapsed in the terminal, and each layer includes one monomer smart metasurface. For another example, if the number of monomer smart metasurfaces is 6, then the six monomer smart metasurfaces can be three layers superimposed and collapsed in the terminal, and each layer includes two monomer smart metasurfaces. Of course, in other possible implementations, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can also be other forms of multi-layer superposition and collapse, and other possible implementations will not be illustrated one by one here.

[0038] It should be noted that when multiple single-body intelligent metasurfaces are gathered in a terminal in a multi-layer stacked state, there needs to be a certain gap between the two adjacent layers of single-body intelligent metasurfaces. This gap is usually related to the carrier wavelength. Generally, the smaller the carrier wavelength, the smaller the gap can be.

[0039] For the multi-layer superposition state of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, since the electromagnetic units between the multi-layer metasurfaces are superimposed, the phase can be superimposed, and the amplitude can be adjusted based on the phase adjustment. Compared with the constant modulus constraint of the conventional smart metasurface that only has adjustable phase, this increases the freedom of amplitude modulation and effectively improves the uplink power gain. It should be noted that since the terminal's antenna array is located on the inner side of the shell, the smart metasurface at this time needs to be transmissive in order to transmit the terminal signal. Otherwise, if a reflective smart metasurface is used, the antenna array needs to be located opposite the reflective surface of the smart metasurface's electromagnetic unit array, which is obviously impossible to achieve.

[0040] In addition, multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces have multi-layer cascading and penetration losses in the multi-layer superposition state, and are sensitive to interference. Therefore, absorbing materials can be incorporated into the terminal shell to shield external interference. In this way, the multiple multi-layer superposition of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces is a near-field operation for the antenna array of the communication terminal, with low noise, limited multi-layer cascading and penetration losses, which is beneficial to uplink enhancement. However, the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces are in the far field relative to the base station. In the multi-layer superposition of single-unit smart metasurfaces, the single-layer surface area is limited relative to the far-field signal gain, and the noise and multipath attenuation of the far-field signal from the environment will be amplified by multi-layer cascading and penetration, which is not conducive to downlink enhancement. In addition, it is difficult to achieve consistent double-sided transparent transmission performance of the transmission-type smart metasurface. Good uplink penetration does not guarantee good downlink penetration. Therefore, multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces in the multi-layer superposition and contraction state are generally suitable for uplink enhancement, but not for downlink enhancement.

[0041] The deployed state of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces may be a state in which the multiple individual smart metasurfaces are deployed in a single layer. Optionally, the deployed state may include at least one of a single-layer flat state and a single-layer non-flat state. The single-layer flat state may be a state in which the multiple individual smart metasurfaces are flattened in a single layer with wings spread out, and the single-layer non-flat state may be a state in which the angle between two adjacent individual smart metasurfaces is not 180 degrees when the multiple individual smart metasurfaces are in the single-layer flat state.

[0042] In the expanded state, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces extend outward from the terminal. At this time, some of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can be located inside the terminal, and the remaining metasurfaces are located outside the terminal. The extension can be opened from the upper part of the shell after breaking through the middle of the terminal shell, or it can be extended from one side or both sides of the terminal shell, or it can be other possible implementation methods. The implementation method of extending multiple monomer smart metasurfaces from the terminal to the outside is not specifically limited here. In order to facilitate the extension of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces from the terminal to the outside, a gap can be set at the position of the extended terminal, and the gap can be flexibly opened or closed, that is, when it is necessary to expand multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, the gap can be opened so that multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can extend outward from the terminal through the gap. When it is necessary to fold multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can be folded into the terminal through the gap, and then the gap is closed. For example, if multiple single intelligent metasurfaces extend outward from both sides of the terminal shell, gaps can be set on both sides of the terminal shell, and the gaps can be opened and closed by a controller inside the terminal.

[0043] For the single-layer flattened state and single-layer non-flattened state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, the area of ​​the single-layer smart metasurface is larger, the number of electromagnetic units is sufficient, and the power gain of receiving far-field signals is correspondingly larger. In this case, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can assist the base station in downlink enhancement, just like the traditional smart metasurfaces used for relaying. In addition to the communication terminal itself with the smart metasurface device installed inside, the objects of the enhanced service are other communication terminals near the communication terminal (i.e., peripheral terminals), such as terminal groups with D2D communication functions such as the Internet of Vehicles, terminal groups with weak indoor coverage signals, and low-power Internet of Things terminal groups. At this time, the smart metasurface device is not limited to assisting downlink communication, but can also be used for energy transmission, sensing functions, etc. Among them, in the unfolded state, the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces are transmissive smart metasurfaces.

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the folded and unfolded states of multiple multi-unit smart metasurfaces, the following description will be made using the three-unit smart metasurface shown in Figure 2 as an example. In Figure 2A, the three-unit smart metasurfaces 101 are folded together in a three-layer stack within the housing of the terminal 11. In Figure 2B, two of the three-unit smart metasurfaces 101 extend outward from both sides of the housing of the terminal 11, while the other unit remains within the terminal. The three-unit smart metasurfaces 101 are unfolded in a single-layer, flattened manner.

[0045] The application purpose of the intelligent metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application is to achieve uplink enhancement of the communication terminal in the folded state, exchanging the lower power consumption of the intelligent metasurface for a larger power transmission energy consumption of the communication terminal to save overall energy consumption, and to achieve downlink enhancement of the base station in the expanded state to meet the downlink transmission requirements of the communication terminal to itself and other surrounding communication terminals. In short, uplink enhancement serves the single user of the communication terminal itself, while downlink enhancement serves the user group including the communication terminal and other surrounding communication terminals. Accordingly, the intelligent metasurface device can effectively save the power consumption of the communication terminal's own transmission in the uplink enhancement state, and the communication terminal needs to appropriately increase its own transmission power to compensate for the uplink capability when the intelligent metasurface device is in the downlink enhancement state.

[0046] There are a wide range of demand scenarios for smart metasurface devices: on the one hand, communication terminals have much lower power than base stations, and there is an uplink coverage bottleneck, so there is a wide range of uplink enhancement needs; on the other hand, there are scenarios where the base station downlink has line-of-sight obstruction, weak coverage, and neighboring cell interference suppression, and the communication terminal also needs a smart metasurface device to assist in downlink enhancement. However, for the communication terminal, due to the limited available surface of its shell, it is difficult to enhance both uplink and downlink through the smart metasurface at the same time. Therefore, the smart metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a folded state and an unfolded state. These two states can be switched in time to serve uplink and downlink enhancement. Accordingly, the communication terminal can only save power consumption when the smart metasurface device performs uplink enhancement, but cannot save power when performing downlink enhancement.

[0047] In addition, the beamforming effect obtained by the communication terminal from the smart metasurface device in strong signal scenarios such as the cell center and in other weak signal scenarios such as the cell edge is different. Specifically, in the cell center, the base station signal strength is high, and the high-rank channel propagating as a rich scattering path can obtain a higher multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiplexing gain. At this time, obtaining signals from the low-rank smart metasurface channel will cause the MIMO multiplexing gain of the communication terminal to drop significantly. In the case of cell edge or base station signal being blocked, severe interference from neighboring cells, etc., the base station signal strength is low, and the smart metasurface device can assist communication to obtain a good array gain. In this case, not all downlink scenarios of the terminal require the smart metasurface device for enhancement. In this way, the smart metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts time-sharing switching between the folded state and the unfolded state to meet this demand state, that is, if the terminal is in a strong signal area, the smart metasurface device is used for uplink enhancement, and the smart metasurface device of the terminal is in the folded state; if the terminal is in a weak signal area, the smart metasurface device is used for downlink enhancement, and the smart metasurface device of the terminal is in the unfolded state. In scenarios where the terminal's application environment changes significantly, it often switches back and forth between strong and weak signals. At this time, it is more appropriate to use intelligent metasurface devices for such applications.

[0048] The smart metasurface in the embodiment of the present application is provided in the terminal, optionally in the shell of the terminal, specifically in the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal. The shell may include an absorbing material, and when the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces are in a retracted state, the shell may be used to shield external interference. The multiple monomer smart metasurfaces may include a fixed metasurface and a mobile metasurface, the fixed metasurface being fixed on the side wall between the middle frame and the shell, and the mobile metasurface being able to move relative to the fixed metasurface. Optionally, the number of fixed metasurfaces may be 1, and the number of mobile metasurfaces may be greater than or equal to 1. In the collapsed state, the mobile metasurface can be superimposed on the upper and / or lower layer of the fixed metasurface. For example, if the number of fixed metasurfaces is 1 and the number of mobile metasurfaces is also 1, the mobile metasurface can be superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface. If the number of fixed metasurfaces is 1 and the number of mobile metasurfaces is 2, both mobile metasurfaces can be superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface, or one mobile metasurface can be superimposed on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface and the other mobile metasurface can be superimposed on the lower layer of the fixed metasurface. In the expanded state, the mobile metasurface can extend outward from the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal to one or both sides of the fixed metasurface (if in the collapsed state, the mobile metasurface is superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface, the mobile metasurface extends to one side of the fixed metasurface; if in the collapsed state, there is both a mobile metasurface superimposed on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface and a mobile metasurface superimposed on the lower layer of the fixed metasurface, the mobile metasurface extends to both sides of the fixed metasurface), and is in an expanded state with the fixed metasurface. Optionally, the mobile metasurface here extends to one side or both sides of the fixed metasurface, and can be extended to a position adjacent to one side or both sides of the fixed metasurface, presenting a flat state (i.e., a single-layer flat state) or a certain angle state (i.e., a single-layer non-flat state) in a row with the fixed metasurface.

[0049] Optionally, tracks can be wrapped around the side ends of the fixed metasurface, and the tracks can be driven by a first motor. Driven by the first motor, the tracks can rotate around the fixed metasurface. When the tracks rotate, they can drive the mobile metasurface to move relative to the fixed metasurface. The first motor can be powered by the terminal's power management module and controlled by the terminal's central processor.

[0050] The above-mentioned crawler drives the mobile metasurface to move relative to the fixed metasurface. It can be that when the crawler rotates around the fixed metasurface, it drives the mobile metasurface to fold and overlap on the upper and / or lower layer of the fixed metasurface, or drives the mobile metasurface to extend outward from the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal to one side or both sides of the fixed metasurface.

[0051] Optionally, a control device may be provided in the space between the middle frame and the housing of the terminal. The control device may be used to control the movement of the mobile metasurface (e.g., to ensure stable movement of the mobile metasurface) when the mobile metasurface extends to one or both sides of the fixed metasurface, and / or to control the adjustment of the angle between the mobile metasurface and the fixed metasurface after the mobile metasurface extends to one or both sides of the fixed metasurface. The control device may be powered by the power management module of the terminal and controlled by the central processor of the terminal.

[0052] The control device may include one or more components that can collectively implement the functions of the control device. Optionally, the control device may include a flat support. During the extension of the mobile metasurface, the flat support can support the mobile metasurface, ensuring stable horizontal movement of the mobile metasurface. If the control device includes a flat support, the control device may also optionally include an electromagnet and a spring. When the mobile metasurface moves to a position adjacent to one or both sides of the fixed metasurface, the electromagnet can attract the mobile metasurface to move up and down in the vertical direction, so that the mobile metasurface and the fixed metasurface are on the same horizontal plane. The spring can be disposed between the electromagnet and the mobile metasurface. When the electromagnet attracts the mobile metasurface to move up and down, the spring will expand and contract with the up and down movement of the mobile metasurface, ensuring stable up and down movement of the mobile metasurface. Optionally, the control device may include multiple electromagnets, each of which can generate different electromagnetic forces on the mobile metasurface. These different electromagnetic forces can control the mobile metasurface to present different angles with the fixed metasurface. Optionally, a permanent magnet can be disposed on the mobile metasurface so that the electromagnet can attract the mobile metasurface to move in the vertical direction through the permanent magnet.

[0053] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figures 3 to 5. Figures 3 to 5 take the example of an intelligent metasurface device including three transmissive single-unit intelligent metasurfaces, wherein the three single-unit intelligent metasurfaces include one fixed metasurface and two movable metasurfaces, and in the collapsed state, the two movable metasurfaces are respectively superimposed on the upper and lower layers of the fixed metasurface.

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of three single-body intelligent metasurfaces in the default state (i.e., the folded state). Figure 3A is a front view, Figure 3B is a left side view, and Figure 3C is a right side view. In Figure 3A, three layers of three single-body intelligent metasurfaces are stacked and folded in the space between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112 (containing absorbing material) of the terminal. The middle metasurface 31 is a fixed metasurface, which is fixed to the side wall between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112 by a fixed shaft 32 (containing a signal line) (as shown in Figures 3B and 3C). The side ends of the fixed metasurface 31 are surrounded by tracks 33, and a moving metasurface 34 is provided above and below the tracks 33. The track 33 is driven by a first motor 35. Driven by the first motor 35, the track 33 can rotate around the side end of the fixed metasurface 31. During rotation, the track 33 can drive the two mobile metasurfaces 34 to move relative to the fixed metasurface 31, with the mobile metasurface 34 located above the fixed metasurface 31 moving to the left, and the mobile metasurface 34 located below the fixed metasurface 31 moving to the right. When the two mobile metasurfaces 34 move to the sidewall exit 113 between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112, they will be supported by the top of the spring 37 connected to the electromagnet 36 fixed to the sidewall between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112. The flat support 38 (the spring 37, electromagnet 36, and flat support 38 are the control devices described above) ensures the stable movement of the mobile metasurfaces 34 and 35. The power supply and control of the first motor 35 and electromagnet 36 shown in Figure 3 can be completed by the terminal's power management module and central processor.

[0055] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent metasurface device shown in Figure 3 switching from a collapsed state to an expanded state. In Figure 4A, three layers of three single intelligent metasurfaces are stacked and collapsed in the space between the middle frame 111 and the housing 112 of the terminal. After the first motor 35 is powered and drives the track 33 to rotate around the fixed metasurface 31, the track 33 will drive the mobile metasurfaces 34 located above and below the fixed metasurface 31 to extend outward from the terminal. When the first motor 35 drives the track 33 to rotate a full circle, the track 33 can drive the two mobile metasurfaces 34 to rotate out to the sidewall exit (the upper and lower metasurfaces each occupy half a circle). When the two mobile metasurfaces 34 are driven by the track 33 to the point where most of the metasurfaces have moved out of the sidewall exit, the system processor on the terminal motherboard can control the electromagnet 36 to generate magnetic force, attracting the permanent magnet 39 at the end of the mobile metasurface 34 and driving the spring 37 to compress, so that the mobile metasurface 34 and the fixed metasurface 31 are in a single-layer flat state (as shown in Figure 4B). When it is necessary to switch from a single-layer flat state back to a multi-layer superposition state, the central processor of the terminal can control the electromagnet 36 to cut off the power and lose its magnetic force, release the suction force on the permanent magnet 39, and the spring 37 to spring open, while driving the first motor 35 to rotate in the opposite direction to drive the track 33 to rotate in the opposite direction around the fixed metasurface 31. During reverse rotation, the track 33 will drive the two movable metasurfaces 34 to retract into the space between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112 and restore to the original position shown in Figure 4A.

[0056] Since multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces serve uplink enhancement in a multi-layer superposition state, the shell needs to have absorbing materials to shield external interference and ensure that uplink cascade interference is effectively reduced. At the same time, when multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces change from a multi-layer superpositioned folded state to a single-layer wing-spread flat state, although the mobile metasurface is no longer protected by the shell's absorbing material, since it is only a single layer, there is no additional cascade penetration attenuation factor. Therefore, multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces will serve downlink enhancement. It can also be seen from Figures 3 and 4 that the antenna of the communication terminal is located on the inner side of the metasurface facing the middle frame. In this case, the uplink signal needs to penetrate the metasurface, so a transmissive metasurface is used.

[0057] Based on the unfolded state shown in FIG4 , the fixed metasurface 31 and the mobile metasurface 34 can also be angularly controlled in a non-tiled state to adapt to more flexible scenario applications. As shown in FIG5 , a spare electromagnet 361 can be added to each of the left and right sides. After adding the spare electromagnet 361, for the mobile metasurface 34 on the left, the electromagnet 36 and the spare electromagnet 361 can be controlled to generate different magnetic forces, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the mobile metasurface 34. Similarly, for the mobile metasurface 34 on the right, the electromagnet 36 and the spare electromagnet 361 can also be controlled to generate different magnetic forces, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the mobile metasurface 34, so that the mobile metasurface 34 on the left, the fixed metasurface 31 and the mobile metasurface 34 on the right present a single-layer non-tiled state.

[0058] It should be noted that in the smart metasurface devices shown in Figures 3 to 5, in the collapsed state of the smart metasurface, the number of mobile metasurfaces superimposed on the upper and lower layers of the fixed metasurface is 1. Alternatively, in other possible implementations, the number of mobile metasurfaces superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface may also be multiple, and the multiple mobile metasurfaces may be superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface in a superimposed and collapsed manner.

[0059] Taking the example of multiple mobile metasurfaces superimposed on the upper layer of a fixed metasurface, the multiple mobile metasurfaces can be connected by a torsion spring hinge, and a second motor is provided at the torsion spring hinge. The second motor can be powered by the power management module of the terminal and controlled by the central processor of the terminal. When the fixed metasurface and the mobile metasurface switch from a folded state to an unfolded state, the track surrounding the side end of the fixed metasurface can drive the multiple mobile metasurfaces on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface to extend to one side of the fixed metasurface. After that, the second motor can drive the torsion spring hinge to unfold the multiple mobile metasurfaces so that a single-layer flat state is presented between the multiple mobile metasurfaces and the fixed metasurface. Optionally, after the multiple mobile metasurfaces are unfolded, the second motor can also drive the torsion spring hinge to adjust the angle between the multiple mobile metasurfaces so that a single-layer non-flat state can be presented between the multiple mobile metasurfaces and the fixed metasurface. When the fixed metasurface and the mobile metasurface switch from the expanded state to the folded state, the second motor can drive the torsion spring hinge to stack and fold multiple mobile metasurfaces (at this time, the multiple mobile metasurfaces are located outside the terminal and on one side of the fixed metasurface). Afterwards, the tracks surrounding the side ends of the fixed metasurface can drive the multiple mobile metasurfaces to move into the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal and stack them on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface.

[0060] Similarly, when multiple mobile metasurfaces are superimposed on the lower layer of a fixed metasurface, the multiple mobile metasurfaces can also be connected by a torsion spring hinge, and a second motor can also be set at the torsion spring hinge. At the same time, the folding and unfolding of the multiple mobile metasurfaces can also be achieved through the above-mentioned contents, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 6. The smart metasurface device shown in Figure 6 includes 5 monomer smart metasurfaces. In the folded state, the five monomer smart metasurfaces are stacked and folded in the space between the middle frame 111 and the shell 112 of the terminal, wherein the five monomer smart metasurfaces include 1 fixed metasurface and 4 mobile metasurfaces, of which 2 mobile metasurfaces 34 are arranged in a stacked and folded state on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface 31, and the other 2 mobile metasurfaces 34 are arranged in a stacked and folded state on the lower layer of the fixed metasurface 31. The two mobile metasurfaces 34 located on the upper layer of the fixed metasurface 31 can be connected by a torsion spring hinge. Similarly, the two mobile metasurfaces 34 located on the lower layer of the fixed metasurface 31 can also be connected by a torsion spring hinge. When switching from the collapsed state to the expanded state, the tracks 33 surrounding the side ends of the fixed metasurface 31 can first drive the upper and lower layers of the mobile metasurfaces 34 to extend outward to both sides of the fixed metasurface 31, forming a flat and expanded state between the fixed metasurface 31. Then, a second motor (not shown in Figure 6) provided at the torsion spring hinge drives the torsion spring hinge to unfold the two collapsed and superimposed mobile metasurfaces 34. After unfolding, the mobile metasurfaces 34 on the left and right sides can form a single-layer flat state between them and the fixed metasurface 31. When switching from the expanded state to the collapsed state, the specific implementation process is the reverse process of switching from the collapsed state to the expanded state, which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] Optionally, when the five smart metasurfaces shown in FIG6 are in a single-layer tiled state, a second motor can be used to drive a torsion spring hinge to adjust the angle between the mobile metasurfaces so that the mobile metasurface and the fixed metasurface can present a single-layer non-tiled state. Furthermore, a set of spare electromagnets (as shown in FIG5 ) can be added at the positions of the electromagnets 36 shown in FIG6 to adjust the angle between the fixed metasurface and the mobile metasurface.

[0063] It should be noted that, considering that in the collapsed state, multiple single intelligent metasurfaces are stacked and collapsed in the terminal, the number of mobile metasurfaces should not be too many, because too many layers will increase the thickness of the terminal and affect the convenience of using the terminal. At the same time, the signal superposition between multiple layers of metasurfaces will produce a large cascade effect of attenuation and interference due to the consistency differences of components between layers, and the difficulty of beam control will also increase accordingly. Therefore, the number of superimposed layers should not be too many, and can be selected within the single digit range.

[0064] In summary, the smart metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application is arranged in a terminal and includes multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces. The multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces have two states: folded and unfolded. In the folded state, the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces are folded in the terminal. In the unfolded state, the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces extend outward from the terminal. When the terminal has communication needs, the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be folded or unfolded to assist the terminal in uplink communication or downlink communication, thereby improving the communication environment and state of the terminal and meeting the communication needs of the terminal. In addition, since the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can assist the terminal in uplink communication in the folded state, the terminal's RF chain transmission power can be effectively reduced, saving terminal power consumption. Since the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can assist the terminal in downlink enhancement in the unfolded state, the terminal can meet the downlink transmission needs of itself and other surrounding communication terminals, thereby realizing flexible application in complex scenarios with diverse wireless communication terminals.

[0065] Based on the intelligent metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal communication method, which is applied to a terminal in which the intelligent metasurface device provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided. For details, please refer to the embodiment shown in Figure 7.

[0066] Figure 7 is a flow chart of a terminal communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment shown in Figure 7 includes the following steps.

[0067] S702: Acquire the communication information of the terminal.

[0068] When communicating, the terminal may obtain its own communication information. The communication information may be information related to the terminal's communication. Optionally, the communication information may include at least one of a received signal quality parameter of the terminal, whether the terminal has received a downlink enhancement request, whether the terminal has received the first information, and the terminal's radio frequency chain transmit power.

[0069] The received signal quality parameter of the terminal may include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0070] Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP);

[0071] Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI);

[0072] Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ);

[0073] Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR);

[0074] Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio (CINR).

[0075] The downlink enhancement request may be a downlink enhancement request from a base station and / or a surrounding terminal (i.e., other terminals around the terminal), and the downlink enhancement request is used by the base station and / or the surrounding terminal to request the terminal to perform downlink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device. Among them, the downlink enhancement request received by the terminal from the base station can be divided into two cases. The first case is that the base station assesses the surrounding terminal's downlink enhancement demand based on the information including the communication quality parameters reported by the surrounding terminal and then makes a request to the terminal. The second case is that the base station dynamically makes a request to the terminal based on the cell communication environment. The first case is equivalent to the base station conveying the downlink enhancement demand of the surrounding terminal to the terminal. At this time, the surrounding terminal usually does not have the D2D function and cannot directly send request information to the terminal like the surrounding terminal with the D2D function.

[0076] The demand for downlink enhancement requests is not limited to improving communications, but can also be for enhancing perception and energy transmission. Generally, the base station can determine whether to send a downlink enhancement request based on its understanding of the signal conditions around the terminal. For example, when the terminal is at the edge of the cell or faces strong interference from a neighboring cell, the base station can make a directional request for downlink enhancement or associated broadcast information. When there is a communication demand, the surrounding terminals can make a downlink enhancement request based on device-to-device (D2D) communication or App application applet. Some of these downlink enhancement requests are based on the requesting party's (i.e., the base station and surrounding terminals) understanding that the terminal has an intelligent metasurface device, and some are blind transmissions.

[0077] The first information can be used to indicate that there is no need for downlink enhancement. The first information can come from the base station and / or the surrounding terminals. Taking the first information coming from the base station as an example, when the base station does not require the terminal to perform downlink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device, the base station can send the first information to the terminal to notify or instruct the terminal that the base station has no downlink enhancement requirement and the terminal does not need to perform downlink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device. For example, when the terminal is located in the center of the cell, the base station can send the first information to the terminal. The way in which the base station and the surrounding terminals send the first information can be the same as the way in which the downlink enhancement request is sent, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] It should be noted that, for the base station and the surrounding terminals, the above-mentioned downlink enhancement request and the first information will not be sent to the terminal at the same time, that is, at the same time, the base station and the surrounding terminals can send a downlink enhancement request to the terminal (corresponding to the situation where the base station and / or the surrounding terminals have a downlink enhancement requirement), or send the first information to the terminal (corresponding to the situation where the base station and / or the surrounding terminals do not have a downlink enhancement requirement), or neither send a downlink enhancement request nor send the first information (corresponding to the situation where the base station and / or the surrounding terminals send a downlink enhancement request to the terminal and maintain the state of needing downlink enhancement unchanged, or corresponding to the situation where the first information is sent to the terminal and the state of not needing downlink enhancement unchanged).

[0079] S704: Determine the working state of the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces according to the communication information of the terminal, where the working state is a folded state or an unfolded state.

[0080] After acquiring its own communication information, the terminal can determine whether to perform uplink or downlink enhancement based on the communication information, and further determine the operating state of multiple individual smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device, which may include a collapsed state or an expanded state. For example, if the terminal determines that uplink enhancement is required, the operating state of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces can be determined to be collapsed. If the terminal determines that downlink enhancement is required, the operating state of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces can be determined to be expanded.

[0081] Optionally, when the communication information of the terminal includes at least one of a received signal quality parameter of the terminal, whether the terminal receives a downlink enhancement request, whether the terminal receives the first information, and the RF chain transmit power of the terminal, the terminal determines the working status of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces according to the communication information, which may include:

[0082] When the communication information of the terminal satisfies the first condition, determining that the working state of the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces is the unfolded state; or

[0083] When the communication information of the terminal meets the second condition, it is determined that the working state of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces is the collapsed state.

[0084] The communication information of the terminal satisfies the first condition and may include at least one of the following (1) and (2):

[0085] (1) The terminal's received signal quality parameter is less than the preset threshold.

[0086] The preset threshold can be set according to actual communication needs and is not specifically limited here. The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is less than the preset threshold, which can be that the received signal quality parameter of the terminal is continuously lower than the preset threshold within a certain period of time (which can also be set according to actual communication needs). When it is continuously lower than the preset threshold, it can be determined that the terminal is currently in a weak signal area and the terminal needs to perform downlink enhancement. At this time, it can be determined that the working state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is in the expanded state, that is, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces need to be expanded.

[0087] (2) The terminal receives a downlink enhancement request.

[0088] If the terminal receives a downlink enhancement request, it can be determined that the base station and / or surrounding terminals have a downlink enhancement requirement. To meet the communication requirements, the terminal can determine that the working state of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is deployed, that is, multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces need to be deployed. It should be noted that for downlink enhancement requirements, the terminal needs to communicate with the requesting party (base station and / or surrounding terminals) through multiple handshakes to confirm the authenticity of the request before initiating downlink enhancement.

[0089] It should be noted that, when the communication information of the terminal satisfies at least one of the above (1) and (2), it can be determined that the working state of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces is the unfolded state.

[0090] The communication information of the terminal satisfies the second condition and may include at least one of the following (3) to (5):

[0091] (3) The quality parameter of the received signal of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.

[0092] The preset threshold may be the preset threshold in item (1) above. The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, which may be that the received signal quality parameter of the terminal is continuously greater than or equal to the preset threshold within a certain time period (which can be set according to actual communication needs). When the received signal quality parameter of the terminal is continuously greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it can be determined that the terminal is currently in a strong signal area, and the terminal can perform uplink enhancement to reduce its own RF chain power consumption. At this time, it can be determined that the working state of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is a retracted state, that is, the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces need to be retracted.

[0093] (4) The terminal's RF chain transmission power is greater than or equal to the preset transmission power.

[0094] The preset transmission power can be set according to the energy consumption of the terminal, and is not specifically limited here. The RF chain transmission power of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset transmission power, which may be that the RF chain transmission power of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset transmission power within a certain period of time. At this time, it can be considered that the RF chain transmission power of the terminal is large, and the RF chain power consumption of the terminal is high. In order to reduce the RF chain power consumption of the terminal, it can be determined that the working state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is a retracted state, that is, multiple monomer smart metasurfaces need to be retracted. In the retracted state, the smart metasurface device can be used to assist the terminal in uplink enhancement. In the case of uplink enhancement, the terminal can reduce its own RF chain transmission power, thereby reducing the RF chain power consumption of the terminal.

[0095] Optionally, if the terminal is a mobile terminal, the terminal will be very sensitive to its own power consumption in continuously supporting downlink enhancement. If the power consumption exceeds the limit, the downlink enhancement of the terminal will be unsustainable. At that time, it will not only be a problem of switching uplink, but more importantly, the problem of power replenishment alarm.

[0096] (5) The terminal receives first information indicating that there is no downlink enhancement requirement.

[0097] When the terminal receives the first information, it can correspond to two scenarios. One is that the downlink enhancement service of the requesting party (i.e., the base station and / or surrounding terminals) has been satisfied, and the other is that the downlink enhancement has no effect. At this time, the requesting party can send the first information to the terminal. When the terminal receives the first information, it can determine that the working state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is a retracted state, that is, the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces can be retracted. In the retracted state, the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces will be used for uplink enhancement.

[0098] Optionally, in one possible implementation, when there is a need for downlink enhancement, the requester may send a downlink enhancement request to the terminal at intervals (which may be determined based on actual needs). In this way, when the requester does not have a downlink enhancement requirement, the requester may not send or cancel the downlink enhancement request, without sending the first information. For the terminal, if no downlink enhancement request is received within a set time (greater than the interval between downlink enhancement requests sent by the requester), it can be determined that the requester does not have a downlink enhancement requirement, and at this time, it can be determined that the working state of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device is a retracted state.

[0099] It should be noted that, when the communication information of the terminal satisfies at least one of the above (3) to (5), it can be determined that the working state of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces is the collapsed state.

[0100] Optionally, for fixed terminals, since they are insensitive to power consumption, when determining the operating states of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, the terminal's own RF chain transmit power may not be considered. Instead, at least one of whether a downlink enhancement request is received, whether the first information is received, and whether the received signal quality parameter is greater than or equal to a preset threshold may be considered. Specifically, when determining the operating states of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces based on at least one of the downlink enhancement request and the first information, and the received signal quality parameter, to meet the communication needs of the terminal, the priority of the received signal quality parameter may be set higher than the priority of the downlink enhancement request and the first information. That is, if the terminal's received signal quality parameter is less than the preset threshold, the operating state of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces may be determined as the expanded state for downlink enhancement, regardless of whether the downlink enhancement request or the first information is received. If the terminal's received signal quality parameter is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, if the terminal receives the first information, the operating state of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces may be determined as the collapsed state. If the terminal receives the downlink enhancement request, the operating state of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces may be determined as the expanded state for downlink enhancement.

[0101] For mobile terminals, since they are more sensitive to power consumption, when determining the operating states of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, priority can be given to their own RF chain transmit power. That is, when the terminal's own RF chain transmit power is greater than or equal to the preset transmit power, regardless of whether a downlink enhancement request is received, whether the first information is received, and whether the received signal quality parameter is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the operating state of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be determined as a collapsed state to perform uplink enhancement, thereby reducing their own RF chain transmit power and reducing RF chain power consumption. If the terminal's own RF chain transmit power is less than the preset transmit power, the operating states of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces can be determined based on at least one of whether a downlink enhancement request is received, whether the first information is received, and whether the received signal quality parameter is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. Among them, if the operating states of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces are determined based on at least one of the downlink enhancement request and the first information and the received signal quality parameter, then the priority of the received signal quality parameter can be set higher than the priority of the downlink enhancement request and the first information, as with fixed terminals. For details, please refer to the corresponding description for fixed terminals above, which will not be repeated here.

[0102] It should also be noted that when the terminal switches the intelligent metasurface device from a folded state to an unfolded state, that is, when switching from uplink enhancement to downlink enhancement, it can also consider the terminal's completion of the uplink task, and switch to downlink enhancement after completing the uplink task to avoid affecting the terminal's uplink communication.

[0103] Optionally, when determining the working status of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, the terminal may further perform at least one of the following operations (6) to (9):

[0104] (6) When the working state is the folded state, the RF chain transmission power of the terminal is reduced.

[0105] In the collapsed state, multiple intelligent metasurfaces are used for uplink enhancement, partially compensating for the uplink transmit power. Therefore, the terminal can appropriately reduce its own RF chain transmit power to reduce RF chain power consumption. For mobile terminals, reducing the video chain transmit power can extend the terminal's battery life.

[0106] (7) When the working state is the expanded state, the RF chain transmission power of the terminal is maintained or increased according to the communication state of the terminal.

[0107] In the unfolded state, since multiple single-body intelligent metasurfaces are used for downlink enhancement, uplink enhancement is not possible. Therefore, to ensure the stability of uplink communication, the terminal can maintain or increase its own RF chain transmission power according to the actual communication status.

[0108] (8) When the working state is the folded state, control the folding of multiple monomer intelligent metasurfaces.

[0109] For example, if multiple individual smart metasurfaces were previously in an unfolded state, the terminal can drive the motors and other devices in the smart metasurface device through the central processor to control the stacking and retraction of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces. In the case where the multiple individual smart metasurfaces include fixed metasurfaces and mobile metasurfaces, the process of controlling the retraction of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces also involves operations such as moving the mobile metasurface from outside the terminal housing back into the terminal housing, stacking the mobile metasurface on the upper and / or lower layers of the fixed metasurface, and closing the housing used to enclose the multiple individual smart metasurfaces.

[0110] (9) When the working state is the unfolded state, control the unfolding of multiple monomer intelligent metasurfaces.

[0111] For example, if multiple individual smart metasurfaces were previously in a collapsed state, the terminal can drive the motors and other devices in the smart metasurface device through the central processor to control the expansion of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces. In the case where the multiple individual smart metasurfaces include fixed metasurfaces and mobile metasurfaces, the process of controlling the collapse and expansion of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces also involves opening the terminal shell used to enclose the multiple individual smart metasurfaces, removing the mobile metasurfaces other than the fixed metasurface from the shell, and controlling whether the mobile metasurfaces and the fixed metasurfaces are tiled or non-tiled in a single layer.

[0112] Optionally, when determining the working status of multiple single intelligent metasurfaces, the terminal may further perform the following operations:

[0113] Sending channel state information and the working status of multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces to the base station;

[0114] Receive configuration data from the base station, which is obtained by the base station after performing channel estimation and beamforming based on channel state information and the working status of multiple single intelligent metasurfaces;

[0115] Parameters of multiple single intelligent metasurfaces are configured according to the configuration data.

[0116] Specifically, after determining the operating status of multiple individual smart metasurfaces, the terminal can transmit this status to the base station. Specifically, if uplink or downlink enhancement is determined, the terminal can inform the base station of the decision. Furthermore, the terminal can also transmit channel state information to the base station for channel estimation and beamforming.

[0117] For example, if the terminal determines to use an intelligent metasurface device for downlink enhancement, the terminal can send the decision information of downlink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device (including the working status of multiple single intelligent metasurfaces) and the current channel state information (Channel State Information, CSI) to the base station. The CSI information can be measured by the terminal based on the reference channel state information (Channel State Information-Reference Signal, CSI-RS) of the base station downlink. The CSI information may include rank indication (RI), precoding matrix indication (PMI), channel quality indication (Channel Quality Indicator, CQI), etc. The behavior of the terminal sending the decision information and CSI information for downlink enhancement to the base station is very important, because when the intelligent metasurface device switches from uplink enhancement to downlink enhancement, although the state of multiple monomer intelligent metasurfaces has changed from multi-layer superposition to single-layer expansion, the far-field physical position relative to the base station in a short period of time before and after the switch does not change. After the terminal sends the decision information and CSI information for downlink enhancement to the base station, the base station can reduce the re-positioning process of the intelligent metasurface device and directly use the beam determined by the established multi-level CSI to transmit the signal to the intelligent metasurface device after the state change, so that the intelligent metasurface device after the state switch can be quickly beamformed.

[0118] Similarly, if the terminal determines to use the intelligent metasurface device for uplink enhancement, the terminal may also send the decision information and CSI information of uplink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device to the base station, which will not be described in detail here.

[0119] For the base station, after receiving the uplink or downlink decision information and CSI information sent by the terminal, the base station can perform channel estimation and beamforming based on this information, thereby obtaining the configuration data of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device.

[0120] Compared with the single user in the uplink, the downlink is a random channel multi-user. Unlike the conventional relay-type smart metasurface, the smart metasurface device in the embodiment of the present application is low-dimensional and slow-changing in the uplink and high-dimensional and slow-changing in the downlink relative to the base station. However, after the downlink enhancement accesses multiple users (i.e., multiple peripheral terminals), the low-dimensional and fast-changing are presented between the smart metasurface device and the terminal. Downlink enhancement introduces multi-user multi-beam, which also has a dual time scale, i.e., the time scale between the base station and the smart metasurface device is large, and the time scale between the smart metasurface device and the peripheral terminals is small.

[0121] Before a base station can perform beamforming on a smart metasurface device used for uplink or downlink enhancement, it must perform channel estimation. Smart metasurfaces typically lack signal processing capabilities, and the non-convexity and coupled variables of the terminal-smart metasurface and smart metasurface-base station channel transmission cascades increase the cost and difficulty of channel estimation. As an active communication carrier in close proximity to the smart metasurface device, the terminal can perform the necessary communication handshake with the base station, reducing the difficulty of the base station's passive beamforming of the smart metasurface.

[0122] Since the uplink of the intelligent metasurface device relative to the base station is low-dimensional and slow-varying, and the downlink is high-dimensional and slow-varying, the base station uses the beam configured based on the CSI feedback information when the terminal switches from uplink to downlink as the instantaneous CSI of the known channel state, adjusts the transmitted signal according to the known channel, and optimizes the received signal. This is essentially equivalent to transmission adaptation before the existing uplink channel becomes obsolete.

[0123] After switching to downlink enhancement, the smart metasurface device changes from a multi-layer superposition state to a single-layer tiled or single-layer non-tiled state, and the channel changes. The channel model can be based on the SV model of the Uniform Planar Array (UPA) (proposed by Salen and Valenzula in 1972) or the 3GPP TS 36.879 model, which has dual time scales. The high-dimensional, slowly varying, large-time-scale CSI between the smart metasurface device and the base station needs to be recalculated based on the compressed sensing method according to the number of electromagnetic units facing the base station in the single-layer tiled or single-layer non-tiled state. The small-time-scale CSI requires beam training of the low-dimensional, fast-changing fading distribution and spatial correlation of the smart metasurface device and the surrounding terminals, and is obtained through statistical methods including artificial intelligence (AI) and / or machine learning (ML). After performing channel estimation, the base station can perform joint transmit and receive beamforming on the smart metasurface device based on the channel estimation results.

[0124] When the smart metasurface device switches from downlink enhancement to uplink enhancement, multiple users become single users, and the single-layer large-area smart metasurface is changed to a multi-layer small-area smart metasurface. The switching phase still uses instantaneous CSI. After the switching is completed, the base station can re-estimate the channel based on the SV channel model of the Uniform Linear Array (ULA) and the CSI information fed back by the terminal. For fixed terminals, the channels between the terminal and the smart metasurface and the smart metasurface and the base station are both quasi-static low-dimensional channels and do not require frequent estimation. For mobile terminals, the terminal-smart metasurface is a static low-dimensional channel and does not require frequent estimation, but the channel between the smart metasurface and the base station is a dynamic high-dimensional channel and requires frequent estimation. However, in general, both are slowly varying and can use instantaneous CSI. Based on the multi-level CSI from the terminal obtained through channel estimation, the base station can perform joint transmit and receive beamforming on the smart metasurface device.

[0125] Optionally, some electromagnetic units in the smart metasurface can be designed to be active, which enables the base station to add active beamforming factors to the smart metasurface device, overcome the multiplicative fading of the cascade channel, and make the beamforming more precise.

[0126] After performing beamforming, the base station can obtain configuration data for multiple monomer smart metasurfaces. The configuration data includes carrier frequency, phase, amplitude, etc. Among them, when the working state of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces is the unfolded state, the configuration data can be determined according to the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the terminal received signal. The signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio can be determined based on the downlink signal, downlink interference signal and downlink noise signal received by the terminal. The downlink signal received by the terminal can be determined based on the downlink communication parameters of the terminal. The downlink communication parameters of the terminal may include the receiving combination vector of the terminal, the downlink beamforming vector of the base station, the downlink channel coefficient between the terminal and the base station, the downlink channel coefficient between the terminal and multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, the downlink channel coefficient between the base station and multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, the downlink phase shift and amplitude shift coefficients of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces, and the downlink penetration loss coefficients of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces. The downlink interference signal received by the terminal can be determined based on the downlink communication parameters of the surrounding terminals. These downlink communication parameters may include the receiving combination vector of the surrounding terminal, the downlink beamforming vector of the base station, the downlink channel coefficient between the surrounding terminal and the base station, the downlink channel coefficient between the surrounding terminal and multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, the downlink channel coefficient between the base station and multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, the downlink phase shift and amplitude shift coefficients of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces, and the downlink penetration loss coefficients of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces. The downlink noise signal received by the terminal is a complex Gaussian distribution.

[0127] After receiving the configuration data, the base station can send it to the terminal. After receiving the configuration data, the terminal can configure the parameters of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces based on the configuration data. After the terminal completes the parameter configuration of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces, the multiple individual smart metasurfaces can prepare for data transmission to achieve uplink or downlink enhancement.

[0128] Optionally, after configuring parameters of the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces according to the configuration data, the terminal may further perform at least one of the following operations:

[0129] Data transmission via multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces;

[0130] The updated channel state information is sent to the base station, and the updated channel state information is used by the base station to perform beam tracking on multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces.

[0131] Specifically, if the working state of multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces is collapsed, the terminal can achieve uplink enhancement when transmitting data through the multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces. At the same time, the terminal can reduce its own RF chain transmission power, thereby saving the terminal's own RF chain power consumption. If the working state of multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces is expanded, the terminal can achieve downlink enhancement when transmitting data through the multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces, thereby meeting the downlink transmission requirements of the terminal to itself and other surrounding communication terminals.

[0132] When the terminal is mobile (for example, its location often changes), the terminal needs to continuously send channel feedback information, including CSI, to the base station so that the base station can perform beam tracking on the smart metasurface device based on the feedback information to ensure data transmission continuity. Beam tracking includes beam alignment, beam switching, and beam recovery. In addition, by configuring the smart metasurface device to customize the rank-controllable singular value decomposition (SVD) channel for multi-timescale channel customization, it is possible to ensure the good state of multi-user multi-stream transmission.

[0133] In order to facilitate understanding of the terminal communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent metasurface device for uplink enhancement according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent metasurface device for downlink enhancement according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the direct emission diameter and direct connection diameter of multiple monomer intelligent metasurfaces in a single-layer tiled state according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiments shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 are all described by taking the intelligent metasurface device containing three monomer intelligent metasurfaces as an example.

[0134] Assume that the number of terminal transmitting antenna units is K, the number of base station receiving antenna array elements is M, and the number of electromagnetic units on each layer of the metasurface in the superposition state is N.

[0135] When performing uplink enhancement based on the smart metasurface, as shown in Figure 8, the terminal RF chain transmits the uplink beamforming vector w, w∈C K×1 Power Limit (the square of the 2-norm of w), considering only line-of-sight (LOS) paths and ignoring non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths, the terminal uplink signal penetrates multiple layers of transmissive RIS to reach the base station. The transmit phase shift matrix of any layer i∈N≡{1, 2, ..., I} in the multi-layer RIS is (the symbol T represents the transpose): Θ i =diag(θ i )=diag([θ i,1 ,θ i,2 ,...,θi,N ] T );

[0136] in, θ i,n is the phase shift coefficient, which can be adjusted independently and continuously.

[0137] The signal obtained by the base station is:

[0138] Where s~CN(0,1) is a complex Gaussian distribution with mean 0, independent real and imaginary parts, and variance 1 / 2; g∈C N×M is the channel coefficient between the outermost layer of the smart metasurface device and the base station, g H is its transposed conjugate; k is the loss coefficient of penetrating RIS; f1∈C N×K And f i ∈C N×N , are the channel coefficients from the terminal RF chain to the innermost layer of the intelligent metasurface device, and from any layer after the second layer of the intelligent metasurface device to the next layer and even to the outermost layer; n is the White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) introduced by the g channel.

[0139] The receiving combination vector v∈C of the M collecting antennas at the base station receiving end M×1 , therefore, the base station uplink joint receiving signal is:

[0140] in,

[0141] Thus, under the conditions of maximum transmission power and phase shift, the problem of maximizing the SNR detected by the base station is:

[0142] This is a non-convex problem and needs to be solved by alternating optimization method. That is, we need to solve v, Θ1,...,Θ I , w is optimized alternately. Fixed RIS coefficient matrix Θ1,...,Θ I and the terminal beamforming vector w, optimize the base station's receiving combination vector v, then fix v and w and optimize Θ1,...,Θ I , and finally fix v and Θ1,...,Θ I , optimize w.

[0143] The singular value decomposition (SVD) method is used to optimize v. For semi-positive definite matrices, the rank-1 relaxation method is used to solve the maximum eigenvector to obtain a suboptimal solution when necessary.

[0144] Optimize Θ1,...,ΘI , with all θ i,n The optimal solution is the product of vectors with complementary phase angles.

[0145] To optimize w, first normalize it and limit the 2-norm after regularization to 1, and convert it to the optimized normalized one through the maximum ratio merging ratio. To obtain the optimal solution, the solution object needs to be further converted into a non-convex second-order constrained second-order program, and then auxiliary variables are introduced to convert it into a convex semi-positive definite matrix and rank 1 relaxation is performed when necessary to obtain a suboptimal solution.

[0146] When the terminal performs downlink enhancement based on the intelligent metasurface device, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the base station downlink beamforming vector v′, v′∈C P×1 Power Limit (the square of the 2-norm of v′), only considering the LOS path and ignoring the NLOS path. For the downlink signal from the base station to the terminal, since the intelligent metasurface device is in a single-layer flat-laying state and has no shielding protection, there is both a cascade channel through the intelligent metasurface device to the terminal and a direct channel (such as d1 in Figures 9 and 10). Then, the signal obtained by the terminal is:

[0147] The receiving combination vector w1∈C of the Q collecting antennas of the terminal Q×1 , so the terminal downlink joint received signal is:

[0148] At the same time, the peripheral terminals also receive signals through the intelligent metasurface device, z2′,...,z′ j , and z′1 differ in that it is in the far field relative to the intelligent metasurface device, and the path loss is larger. For now, we treat it as consistent. Furthermore, the SINR detected by the terminal is:

[0149] For the surrounding terminals, the SINR detected is:

[0150] Among them, d l and d j is the direct channel between the surrounding terminals and the base station. i ,i=1,...,l,...,j,...,J is the receiving combination vector of multiple monomer smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface device under the unfolded state, which should be marked as w′ from the perspective of matching other parameters i , but because it has the subscript i, it can be distinguished from the terminal uplink beamforming vector w in the closed state, so w is no longer used here. i Add a '.

[0151] Thus, under the conditions of limiting the maximum transmission power and phase shift, the problem of maximizing the SINR detected by the terminal is:

[0152] This is still a non-convex problem and requires an alternating optimization method. Specifically, we need to alternately optimize v′, Θ′, and w1. With the RIS coefficient matrix Θ′ and the base station beamforming vector v′ fixed, we optimize the terminal's receive combination vector w1. Then, with v′ and w1 fixed, we optimize Θ′. Finally, with w1 and Θ′ fixed, we optimize v′.

[0153] The SVD method is used to optimize w1. For semi-positive definite matrices, rank 1 relaxation is used to solve the maximum eigenvector method to obtain the suboptimal solution when necessary.

[0154] Optimize Θ′ and find θ n The continuous solution that satisfies the unit modulus constraint is rounded to the nearest discrete value, and then the original optimization problem is transformed into a binary variable optimization problem to obtain the global optimal solution.

[0155] Optimize v′, first normalize it, and limit the normalized 2-norm to 1, and convert it to the optimized normalized (kΘ′g′) through the maximum ratio merging ratio H f′w1+f d To find the optimal solution for w1, the solution object needs to be further converted into a non-convex second-order constrained second-order program, and then auxiliary variables are introduced to convert it into a convex semi-positive definite matrix. If necessary, rank 1 relaxation is performed to obtain a suboptimal solution.

[0156] The optimization process for peripheral terminals is similar to that for the terminal. Downlink interference is more complex than uplink interference, as it is subject to interference from other terminals. The goal is to achieve beamforming with the intelligent metasurface device to minimize transmit power while ensuring that each terminal user meets the required signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

[0157] The uplink enhancement and downlink enhancement signal transmission status of the transmissive smart metasurface device can be more intuitively represented in Figure 11.

[0158] It should be noted that when the terminal switches from downlink enhancement to uplink enhancement through the intelligent metasurface device, the process is similar to the process of switching from uplink enhancement to downlink enhancement shown in Figures 8 to 11 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0159] Optionally, the multi-layer stacking and folding and single-layer tiling or non-tiling of the intelligent metasurface device can also be made into a vertical support mode by enhancing strength, so as to optimize the spatial layout of CPE, vehicle-mounted terminals and smart homes, or enable tablets and mobile phones to play in landscape mode with support.

[0160] The aforementioned metasurface area is typically applicable to CPEs. Sub-6GHz CPEs can be used. For example, a typical CPE can have a volume of 25cm × 15cm × 45cm. If only a single layer of metasurface were applied to its housing, its area would be only 45cm × 25cm. Using the 5.8GHz frequency band, there would be roughly 16 rows * 30 columns = 480 electromagnetic units. Three layers stacked together create a total thickness of 25cm × 21cm × 45cm (with 2cm spacing between the three metasurface layers), resulting in 1,440 electromagnetic units. Furthermore, the amplitude control flexibility allows for effective power increase, with experimental devices demonstrating a 50% power savings. This will be extremely beneficial for CPEs operating in the integrated access backhaul (IAB) state for long-term applications in connected vehicles and home networks. However, the CPE operating environment may experience strong interference from neighboring cells and weak signal conditions such as obstruction by vehicles and buildings. In this case, the outermost single layer of the CPE is 45cm×25cm, which is not large enough for downlink reception and the received power is not ideal. When the CPE is laid flat, it can be expanded to 45cm×75cm or 135cm×25cm, significantly enhancing the downlink performance and achieving better practical results. Therefore, by addressing the downlink enhancement requirements of this application, it can be used effectively even in weak signal conditions.

[0161] For tablets, a 10-inch screen typically measures 24cm x 17cm, and stacking three layers flat is barely sufficient, though the thickness has already increased. A 6-inch phone, at 13.3cm x 7.5cm, would require at least five layers stacked and flattened, but this would be unsuitable for a housing due to the thickness. However, for higher frequencies, such as millimeter waves above 80GHz and up to the terahertz band, it's possible to fit it inside the housing (the individual electromagnetic units can be even smaller).

[0162] The terminals in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, CPEs, smart homes, and other forms. Overall, this helps reduce power consumption and meets the needs of carbon reduction. In addition to reducing communication power consumption and enhancing transmission, it can also be used in many application scenarios, including integrated uplink and downlink communication sensing and wireless energy transmission.

[0163] In summary, the enhanced uplink and downlink switching method of the terminal's built-in intelligent metasurface device can achieve flexible terminal application scenarios. In real-world communication environments, the use of multiple terminals equipped with intelligent metasurface devices can enrich the channel propagation environment, reduce the sparsity of millimeter-wave channels, and enhance signal propagation multipath, which helps alleviate the difficulties of non-line-of-sight transmission paths.

[0164] Figure 12 is a flow chart of a terminal communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment shown in Figure 12 can be applied to a base station, and the terminal communication method shown in Figure 12 includes the following steps.

[0165] S122: Receive channel status information sent by the terminal and the working status of multiple single-unit intelligent metasurfaces.

[0166] The terminal here can be a terminal that has the smart metasurface device provided by the embodiments of the present application installed inside it. When communicating, after determining the operating status of multiple individual smart metasurfaces in the smart metasurface based on its own communication information, the terminal can send the measured channel state information together with the operating status of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces to the base station. At this time, the base station can receive the channel state information from the terminal and the operating status of the multiple individual smart metasurfaces.

[0167] The working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces is a folded state or an unfolded state. The specific implementation method of the terminal determining the working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces can be referred to the corresponding steps in the embodiment shown in FIG7 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0168] S124: Perform channel estimation and beamforming according to the channel state information and the working states of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces to obtain configuration data of the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces.

[0169] The specific implementation of the base station performing channel estimation and beamforming can refer to the corresponding contents in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 11, and will not be described in detail here.

[0170] S126: Send the configuration data of the multiple single-body intelligent metasurfaces to the terminal.

[0171] After receiving the configuration data, the terminal can configure parameters of multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces according to the configuration data. After completing the parameter configuration, the terminal can perform uplink or downlink data transmission through the multiple single-unit smart metasurfaces.

[0172] Optionally, when the terminal is mobile, the base station can also receive updated channel state information sent by the terminal, and perform beam tracking on multiple single-body smart metasurfaces based on the updated channel state information to ensure the continuity of data transmission.

[0173] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces disposed within a terminal, and the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces are configured to have two states: a collapsed state, wherein the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces are collapsed within the terminal, and a collapsed state, wherein the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces extend outward from the terminal. This allows the terminal to assist the terminal in uplink or downlink communication by collapsing or expanding the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces when communication is required. Furthermore, the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces, when deployed, can assist other terminals surrounding the terminal in downlink communication, thereby improving the communication environment and state of the terminal and / or its surrounding terminals and meeting the communication needs of the terminal and / or its surrounding terminals. Furthermore, since the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces can assist the terminal in uplink communication when collapsed, the terminal's RF chain transmit power can be effectively reduced, saving terminal power consumption. Since the multiple individual intelligent metasurfaces can assist the terminal and / or its surrounding terminals in downlink enhancement when deployed, the terminal can meet the downlink transmission needs of itself and its surrounding terminals, thereby achieving flexible application in complex scenarios with diverse wireless communication terminals.

[0174] The foregoing description describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0175] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG13 , at the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally also includes an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. The memory may include a memory, such as a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk storage device. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.

[0176] The processor, network interface, and memory can be interconnected via an internal bus, such as an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. These buses can be classified as address buses, data buses, and control buses. For ease of illustration, FIG13 shows only one bidirectional arrow, but this does not imply that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0177] The memory is used to store programs. Specifically, the program may include program code, which includes computer operating instructions. The memory may include internal memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0178] The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the internal memory and then runs it, forming a terminal communication device at the logical level. The processor executes the program stored in the memory and is specifically used to perform the following operations:

[0179] Acquiring communication information of the terminal;

[0180] According to the communication information of the terminal, the working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces is determined, and the working state is the folded state or the expanded state.

[0181] The method performed by the terminal communication device disclosed in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 of the present application can be applied to a processor or implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or software instructions. The above processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0182] The electronic device can also execute the method of Figure 7 and realize the functions of the terminal communication device in the embodiment shown in Figure 7, and the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail here.

[0183] Of course, in addition to software implementation, the electronic device of this application does not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0184] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs. The one or more programs include instructions. When executed by a portable electronic device including multiple application programs, the instructions enable the portable electronic device to perform the method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , and are specifically configured to perform the following operations:

[0185] Acquiring communication information of the terminal;

[0186] According to the communication information of the terminal, the working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces is determined, and the working state is the folded state or the expanded state.

[0187] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal communication device 140 according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal communication device 140 is applied to a terminal, and the terminal is provided with the intelligent metasurface device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG14 , in a software implementation, the terminal communication device 140 may include: an acquisition module 141 and a determination module 142, wherein:

[0188] An acquisition module 141 is configured to acquire communication information of the terminal;

[0189] The determination module 142 determines the working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces according to the communication information of the terminal, where the working state is the folded state or the unfolded state.

[0190] Optionally, the communication information of the terminal includes at least one of a received signal quality parameter of the terminal, whether the terminal receives a downlink enhancement request, whether the terminal receives first information, and a radio frequency chain transmit power of the terminal, where the first information is used to indicate that there is no downlink enhancement requirement; the determination module 142 determines the working status of the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces according to the communication information of the terminal, including:

[0191] In the case where the communication information satisfies the first condition, determining that the working state is the expanded state; or,

[0192] When the communication information satisfies a second condition, determining that the working state is the folded state;

[0193] The communication information satisfies the first condition, including at least one of the following:

[0194] The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is less than a preset threshold; the terminal receives the downlink enhancement request;

[0195] The communication information satisfies the second condition, including at least one of the following:

[0196] The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset threshold; the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset transmission power; and the terminal receives the first information.

[0197] Optionally, the downlink enhancement request includes a downlink enhancement request from a base station and / or a surrounding terminal, and the downlink enhancement request is used by the base station and / or the surrounding terminal to request the terminal to perform downlink enhancement through the intelligent meta-surface device;

[0198] The first information includes first information from the base station and / or the surrounding terminals.

[0199] Optionally, the terminal communication device 140 further includes a processing module 143. When the determining module 142 determines the working status of the plurality of single smart metasurfaces, the processing module 143 is configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0200] When the working state is the folded state, reducing the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal;

[0201] When the working state is the deployed state, maintaining or increasing the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal according to the communication state of the terminal;

[0202] When the working state is the collapsed state, controlling the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces to collapse;

[0203] When the working state is the unfolded state, the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces are controlled to unfold.

[0204] Optionally, the terminal communication device 140 further includes a sending module 144 and a receiving module 145. When the determining module 142 determines the working status of the plurality of single smart metasurfaces:

[0205] The sending module 144 sends the channel state information and the working state to the base station;

[0206] The receiving module 145 receives configuration data from the base station, where the configuration data is obtained by the base station after performing channel estimation and beamforming according to the channel state information and the working state;

[0207] The processing module 143 performs parameter configuration on the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces according to the configuration data;

[0208] Wherein, when the working state is the deployed state, the configuration data is determined based on a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of a signal received by the terminal, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is determined based on a downlink signal, a downlink interference signal, and a downlink noise signal received by the terminal, the downlink signal is determined based on a downlink communication parameter of the terminal, the downlink interference signal is determined based on downlink communication parameters of the surrounding terminals, and the downlink noise signal is a complex Gaussian distribution.

[0209] Optionally, the terminal communication device 140 further includes a transmission module 146, which, after the processing module 143 configures parameters of the plurality of single smart metasurfaces according to the configuration data, further includes at least one of the following:

[0210] The transmission module 146 performs data transmission via the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces;

[0211] The sending module 144 sends the updated channel state information to the base station, where the updated channel state information is used by the base station to perform beam tracking on the multiple single-body smart metasurfaces.

[0212] The terminal communication device 140 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also execute the method of Figure 7 and realize the functions of the terminal communication device 140 in the embodiment shown in Figure 7, which will not be repeated here in the embodiment of the present application.

[0213] The embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, in which the intelligent metasurface device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. In the case where the intelligent metasurface device is provided in the terminal, the terminal can communicate through the terminal communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application to achieve uplink enhancement or downlink enhancement, thereby effectively improving the communication environment and status of the terminal in complex scenarios with multiple wireless communication terminals, and meeting the communication needs of the terminal. For details, please refer to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 11 above, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the terminal can be a mobile terminal or a fixed terminal, and can specifically include but is not limited to CPE, vehicle-mounted terminals, mobile phones, tablet computers, and smart homes.

[0214] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0215] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products having certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

[0216] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0217] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0218] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiment is generally similar to the method embodiment, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A smart metasurface device, the device being arranged in a terminal, the device comprising a plurality of single smart metasurfaces, wherein: The plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces include a folded state and an unfolded state; In the collapsed state, the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces are collapsed in the terminal, and the device is used to assist the terminal in uplink communication; In the unfolded state, the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces extend outward from the inside of the terminal, and the device is used to assist the terminal and / or peripheral terminals of the terminal in performing downlink communication.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is disposed in a space between a middle frame and a shell of the terminal, the shell comprises an absorbing material, the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces comprise a fixed metasurface and a mobile metasurface, the fixed metasurface is fixed on a side wall between the middle frame and the shell, and the mobile metasurface can move relative to the fixed metasurface; in, In the retracted state, the mobile metasurface is superimposed on the upper layer and / or lower layer of the fixed metasurface, and the shell is used to shield external interference; In the unfolded state, the mobile metasurface extends outward from the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal to one side or both sides of the fixed metasurface.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein a track is wrapped around the side end of the fixed metasurface, the track rotates around the fixed metasurface under the drive of the first motor, and the mobile metasurface moves relative to the fixed metasurface under the drive of the track; in, When the track rotates around the fixed supersurface, it drives the mobile supersurface to fold and overlap the upper layer and / or lower layer of the fixed supersurface, or drives the mobile supersurface to extend outward from the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal.

4. In the device as described in claim 3, a control device is arranged in the space between the middle frame and the shell, and the control device is used to control the movement of the mobile metasurface when the mobile metasurface is extended, and / or, after the mobile metasurface is extended, control the adjustment of the angle between the mobile metasurface and the fixed metasurface.

5. The device according to claim 3, wherein in the collapsed state, the number of mobile metasurfaces superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface is multiple, and multiple mobile metasurfaces are collapsed and superimposed on the upper or lower layer of the fixed metasurface, and the multiple mobile metasurfaces are connected by a torsion spring hinge, and a second motor is provided at the torsion spring hinge; in, When switching from the folded state to the unfolded state, the crawler drives the multiple mobile super surfaces to extend, and the second motor drives the torsion spring hinge to unfold the multiple mobile super surfaces and / or adjust the multiple mobile The angle between the metasurfaces; When switching from the expanded state to the folded state, the second motor drives the torsion spring hinge to stack and fold the multiple mobile supersurfaces, and the track drives the multiple mobile supersurfaces to move into the space between the middle frame and the shell of the terminal and stack on the upper or lower layer of the fixed supersurface.

6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collapsed state is a default state of the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces; The unfolded state includes at least one of a single-layer flat state and a single-layer non-flat state; In the folded state and the unfolded state, the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces have a transmission function.

7. A terminal communication method, applied to the terminal, wherein the terminal is provided with the intelligent metasurface device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: Acquiring communication information of the terminal; According to the communication information of the terminal, the working state of the multiple single intelligent metasurfaces is determined, and the working state is the folded state or the unfolded state.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the communication information of the terminal comprises at least one of a received signal quality parameter of the terminal, whether the terminal has received a downlink enhancement request, whether the terminal has received first information, and a radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal, and the first information is used to indicate that there is no downlink enhancement requirement; The determining, according to the communication information of the terminal, the working states of the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces comprises: In the case where the communication information satisfies the first condition, determining that the working state is the expanded state; or, When the communication information satisfies the second condition, determining that the working state is the folded state; The communication information satisfies the first condition, including at least one of the following: The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is less than a preset threshold; the terminal receives the downlink enhancement request; The communication information satisfies the second condition, including at least one of the following: The received signal quality parameter of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset threshold; the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal is greater than or equal to the preset transmission power; and the terminal receives the first information.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the downlink enhancement request comprises a downlink enhancement request from a base station and / or a surrounding terminal, and the downlink enhancement request is used by the base station and / or the surrounding terminal to request the terminal to perform downlink enhancement through the intelligent meta-surface device; The first information includes first information from the base station and / or the surrounding terminals.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein when determining the working states of the plurality of single smart metasurfaces, the method further comprises at least one of the following: When the working state is the folded state, reducing the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal; When the working state is the unfolded state, maintaining or increasing the radio frequency chain transmission power of the terminal according to the communication state of the terminal; When the working state is the collapsed state, controlling the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces to collapse; When the working state is the unfolded state, the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces are controlled to unfold.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, in determining the working states of the plurality of single smart metasurfaces, the method further comprises: Sending channel state information and the working state to a base station; receiving configuration data from the base station, where the configuration data is obtained by the base station after performing channel estimation and beamforming according to the channel state information and the working state; Performing parameter configuration on the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces according to the configuration data; Wherein, when the working state is the expanded state, the configuration data is determined according to a signal to interference and noise ratio of a signal received by the terminal, the signal to interference and noise ratio is determined according to a downlink signal, a downlink interference signal and a downlink noise signal received by the terminal, the downlink signal is determined according to a downlink communication parameter of the terminal, the downlink interference signal is determined according to a downlink communication parameter of the surrounding terminals, and the downlink noise signal is a complex Gaussian distribution.

12. The method according to claim 11, after configuring the parameters of the plurality of single intelligent metasurfaces according to the configuration data, the method further comprises at least one of the following: Performing data transmission via the plurality of monomer smart metasurfaces; The updated channel state information is sent to the base station, where the updated channel state information is used by the base station to perform beam tracking on the multiple monomer smart metasurfaces.

13. An electronic device, comprising: processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 7 to 12.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 7 to 12.

15. A terminal, wherein the intelligent metasurface device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is arranged in the terminal.

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