Devices and methods for communication
By determining a time offset based on round trip delays and applying it to secondary cell configuration in non-terrestrial networks, the solution addresses timing and synchronization challenges in NTNs, improving communication efficiency and reducing energy wastage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/112074
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication technologies face challenges in accurately determining timing and synchronizing secondary cell activation or deactivation in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) due to significant round trip delays (RTDs) and propagation delays.
A terminal device and network device configuration that involves receiving configuration information for secondary cell activation or deactivation, determining a time offset based on the round trip delay (RTD), and applying the configuration after this offset to ensure proper timing and synchronization.
This solution effectively minimizes the impact of long propagation delays in NTNs, ensuring accurate and timely activation or deactivation of secondary cells, thereby enhancing communication efficiency and reducing energy wastage.
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Figure CN2023112074_13022025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for timing determination in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) .BACKGROUND
[0003] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is also working with the satellite communication industry to specify an integrated satellite and terrestrial network infrastructure in the context of the fifth generation (5G) . This is referred to as non-terrestrial networks (NTN) which term refers to networks, or segments of networks, using an airborne or spaceborne vehicle for transmission. Satellites refer to spaceborne vehicles in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) , Medium Earth Orbits (MEO) , Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) (also referred to as Geostationary Stationary Orbit, GSO) . Airborne vehicles refer to High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) -including tethered UAS, Lighter than Air UAS and Heavier than Air UAS -all operating quasi-stationary at an altitude typically between 8 and 50 km. Satellites in GEO have a period precisely 24 hours. Satellites in MEO take about 12 hours to do the same, with a satellite speed of about 3.13km / s. Satellites in LEO, like the International Space Station, take about 1.5 hour to orbit the Earth, with a satellite speed of about 7.56km / s) .SUMMARY
[0004] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions for timing determination in a non-terrestrial networks (NTN) .
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell; determine a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; and determine that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and transmit, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; and apply the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and receive, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell; determining a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; and determining that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determining a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and transmitting, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; and applying the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determining a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and receiving, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect.
[0014] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0017] FIGS. 2A-2D illustrates possible implementations of a radio access network (RAN) that may be used in an NTN environment;
[0018] FIG. 3 illustrates timing and synchronization in an NTN environnement;
[0019] FIG. 4 illustrates example communication modes supported in an NTN environment;
[0020] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow of configuration application of secondary cell (Scell) addition or activation according to a conventional mechanism in a terrestrial network (TN) ;
[0021] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling flow of configuration application of Scell addition or activation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 7 illustrates an example timing relationship for Scell activation or deactivation in a TN;
[0023] FIG. 8 illustrates a signaling flow of timing for Scell activation or deactivation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 9 illustrates an example timing relationship for Scell activation or deactivation in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 10A illustrates an example timing relationship for Scell non-dormancy in a TN;
[0026] FIG. 10B illustrates an example timing relationship for Scell dormancy in a TN;
[0027] FIG. 11 illustrates an example timing relationship for Scell dormancy in an NTN when a conventional mechanism in the TN is applied;
[0028] FIG. 12 illustrates a signaling flow of timing for Scell dormancy in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIGS. 13A-13C illustrate example timing relationships for Scell dormancy in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 18 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0035] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0037] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0038] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0039] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0040] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0041] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0042] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0043] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0044] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0045] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0046] The TN communications in the communication environment may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0047] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The environment 100 involves one or more satellites or UAS platforms 130-1, 130-2, an NTN gateway 140, a data network 150, one or more terminal devices 110, and one or more network devices 120.
[0048] The NTN gateway 140 is an earth station or gateway that is located at the surface of Earth, and provides sufficient radio frequency (RF) power and RF sensitivity for accessing to the satellites (high altitude platform stations, HAPS) . The NTN Gateway 140 may be considered as a transport network layer (TNL) node. A feeder link or radio link is a wireless link between an NTN gateway and a satellite satellite (or UAS platform) . The satellites or UAS platforms 130-1, 130-2 (collectively or individually referred to as satellites or UAS platforms 130) may have feeder links with the NTN gateway 140, and such links are mandatory if there is no Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) between different satellites 130.
[0049] A service link or radio link is a wireless link between between a terminal device 110 and a satellite (or UAS platform) 130. A beam foot print 112 is the area of the Earth visible to satellites. From the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) 130, more than one foot prints 112 may be covered. Generally, to determine whether a terminal device can communicate with a satellite, it depends on whether the signal coverage area of the satellite will cover the terminal device and at what time.
[0050] The following connectivity is supported by the NTN payload. In an example, an NTN gateway may serve multiple NTN payloads. In a further example, an NTN payload may be served by multiple NTN gateways.
[0051] Three types of service links are supported. In an earth-fixed type, a service link is provisioned by beam (s) continuously covering the same geographical areas all the time (e.g., the case of GSO satellites) . In a quasi-earth-fixed type, a service link is provisioned by beam (s) covering one geographic area for a limited period and a different geographic area during another period (e.g., the case of non-GSO (NGSO) satellites generating steerable beams) . In an earth-moving type, a service link is provisioned by beam (s) whose coverage area slides over the Earth surface (e.g., the case of NGSO satellites generating fixed or non-steerable beams) .
[0052] FIGS. 2A-2D illustrates possible implementations 200, 201, 202, and 203 of a radio access network (RAN) that may be used in an NTN environment. As seen in FIGS. 2A-2D, new radio (NR) -RAN may be implemented in a number of different ways in an NTN environment, and thus the interfaces between different entities may vary in different implementations. The implementation 200 in FIG. 2A shows a networking-RAN architecture with a transparent satellite, where the satellite and an NTN gateway is considered as a remote radio unit. The implementation 201 in FIG. 2B shows a regenerative satellite with ISL, network device (e.g., gNB) processed payload. The implementation 202 in FIG. 2C shows a regenerative satellite without ISL, (e.g., gNB) processed payload. The implementation 203 in FIG. 2D shows a NG-RAN with a regenerative satellite based on a distributed unit (DU) of a network device which connects to a central unit (CU) of the network device in the NG-RAN. The regenerative payload is payload that transforms and amplifies an uplink RF signal before transmitting it on the downlink. The transformation of the signal refers to digital processing that may include demodulation, decoding, re-encoding, re-modulation and / or filtering. The transparent payload is payload that changes the frequency carrier of the uplink RF signal, filters and amplifies it before transmitting it on the downlink.
[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates an example 300 of timing and synchronization in an NTN environnement. DL and UL between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 are frame aligned at the uplink time synchronization reference point (RP) 302 with an offset given by NTA, offset . To accommodate the propagation delay in NTNs, several timing relationships are enhanced by a Common Timing Advance (Common TA) and two offsets Koffset and kmac. Common TA is a configured timing offset that is equal to the RTT between the RP 302 and the NTN payload. Koffset is a configured scheduling offset that needs to be larger or equal to the sum of the service link RTT and the Common TA. kmac is a configured offset that is approximately equal to the RTT between the RP 302 and the network device (e.g., gNB) 120. The scheduling offset Koffset is used to allow the UE sufficient processing time between a downlink reception and an uplink transmission.
[0054] The offset kmac is used to delay the application of a downlink configuration indicated by a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) command on PDSCH, and in estimation of RTT between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. It may be provided by the network when downlink and uplink frame timing are not aligned at the network device 120 The kmac is also used in the random access procedure, to determine the start time of RAR window / MsgB window after a Msg1 / MsgA transmission. For the serving cell, the network broadcast valid ephemeris information and Common TA parameters. The terminal device 110 shall have valid Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position as well as ephemeris and Common TA before connecting to an NTN cell. To achieve synchronisation, before and during connection to an NTN cell, the terminal device 110 shall compute the RTT between the terminal device 110 and the RP 302 based on the GNSS position, the ephemeris, and the Common TA parameters, and autonomously pre-compensate the TTA for the RTT between the terminal device 110 and the RP 302. For non-terrestrial networks, the sum of the Timing Advance value and kmac is considered as a RTT between a terminal device and a network device.
[0055] FIG. 4 illustrates an example 400 of communication modes supported in an NTN environment. As shown, a terminal device 110-1 may support an aggregation type of multiple radio access technologies (RATs) dual connectivity (MR-DC) and also support an aggregation type of E-UTRAN new radio dual connectivity (EN-DC) with a network device 120 and a satellite 130-1. A terminal device 110-2 may support an aggregation type of MR-DC with satellites 130-1, 130-2. A terminal device 110-3 may support an aggregation type of carrier aggregation (CA) with the satellite 130-2. It would be appreciated that MR-DC may be applicable in an inter / intra satellite scenario and in an inter NTN-TN scenario, EN-DC may be applicable in an inter NTN-TN scenario, and the CA may be applicable in an intra satellite scenario.
[0056] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections in FIGS. 1-4 are given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations to the present disclosure. The environments may include any suitable number of devices adapted for implementations of the present disclosure.
[0057] The propagation delays in terrestrial mobile systems are usually less than 1 ms. In contrast, the propagation delays in NTNs are much longer, ranging from several milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds depending on the altitudes of the spaceborne or airborne platforms and payload type in NTNs. Therefore, the legacy secondary cell (SCell) addition, activation or deactivation timing for TNs does not apply to NTNs. Further, there is lack of dormancy configuration for Scell in NTNs.
[0058] Considering the scenario of Scell addition or activation, in legacy solutions for TN, when configuring a Scell addition by a radio resource control (RRC) message, the Scell can only be deactivated. Then, gNB uses a MAC CE to transfer the Scell to the active state. In addition, a fast Scell activation was introduced so that the RRC message can configure Scell addition and non-dormancy Scell activity simultaneously.
[0059] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow 500 of configuration application of Scell addition or activation according to a conventional mechanism in a TN.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 5, the network device 502 may transmit (505) a RRC message to the terminal device 501, for example, a RRC Reconfiguration (RRCReconfiguration) message with an indication of Scell addition and Scell activation. In some cases, when configuring a Scell addition by the RRC message, the Scell can only be deactivated. Then, the network device 502 uses MAC CE to transfer the Scell to the active state. In some cases, a fast Scell activation was introduced so that the RRC message can configure Scell addition and non-dormancy Scell activity simultaneously.
[0061] The terminal device 501 will apply the RRC configuration once decoding the RRC message successfully, and thus determine that the Scell is active. Further, the terminal device 501 may then use the new configuration to transmit (510) a RRC Reconfiguration Complete (RRCReconfigurationComplete) message to the network device 502. After receiving the RRC Reconfiguration Complete message, the network device 502 will begin scheduling (515) the terminal device 501 in the active Scell.
[0062] During the period from the terminal device 501 applying the RRC configuration to the network device 502 receiving the RRC Reconfiguration Complete message, the terminal device 501 is in an active state in the Scell, and no service is expected during this period. It is a waste of energy for the terminal device 501.
[0063] This problem is not apparent because the propagation delay of TN is always less than 1ms. However, for NTN, the terminal device 501 will be active in the Scell for several dozes to hundreds of milliseconds, which is undesirable. Therefore, an enhancement is needed to minimize this problem.
[0064] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, it is proposed to delay application of a configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell by a terminal device in the NTN.
[0065] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling flow 600 of configuration application of Scell addition or activation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 600 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0066] In the signaling flow 600, the terminal device 110 receives (605) , from the network device 120 in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a Scell. The terminal device 110 applies (610) the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received. That is, as compared with the legacy timing for applying the first configuration (which is the time when the first configuration is received) , the applying of the configuration is delayed for a certain time and the terminal device 110 will not be active in the Scell during the delayed time period. Such a delay is beneficial because the terminal device 110 may not expect scheduling in the Scell from the network device 120 within this duration due to the long propagation delay in the NTN.
[0067] For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a secondary cell is activated or added accordingly after the time offset. In some embodiments, when the terminal device 120 receives a RRC message of directly adding a Scell with an activate state, the application of this RRC configuration may be delayed.
[0068] In example embodiments of the present disclosure, the time offset between the reception of the first configuration and the applying of the first configuration is determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0069] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, indication information comprising at least one of the following: a first indication of delaying the first configuration, or a second indication of the time offset. Further, in accordance with at least a determination that the first indication or the second indication is received, the terminal device 110 may apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received. For example, the network device 120 may transmit the RRCReconfiguration message with an indication of Scell addition and / or Scell activation. In some cases, this RRC message may contain an indication to indicate a delay in the application of Scell active configuration or RRC reconfiguration.
[0070] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine whether the terminal device 110 is capable of delaying the first configuration. Further, in accordance with a determination that the terminal device 110 is capable of delaying the first configuration, the terminal device 110 may apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received. In one example, the terminal device 110 may delay applying the Scell active configuration or the RRC reconfiguration if it has this capability (capability reporting is not mandatory) . In a further example, the terminal device 110may delay applying the Scell active configuration or the RRC reconfiguration if it has this capability and gNB indication.
[0071] In some embodiments, in the signaling flow 600, the terminal device 110 may transmit (604) , to the network device, capability information indicating whether the terminal device is capable of delaying a configuration associated with an activation or addition of a secondary cell. For example, the terminal device 110 may report the capability to indicate that it can delay the application of Scell active configuration or RRC reconfiguration.
[0072] In some embodiments, the first configuration may be received in third configuration information from the network device 120.
[0073] In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, the terminal device 110 may apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received. For example, if the RRC Reconfiguration message contains configurations other than Scell addition and Scell active configuration, the terminal device 110 may delay all RRC configuration applications.
[0074] In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, the terminal device 110 may apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received, and may apply the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received. For example, if the RRC Reconfiguration message contains configurations other than Scell addition and Scell active configuration, the terminal device 110 may only delay the application of Scell active.
[0075] In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, the terminal device 110 may apply the first configuration and the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received. For example, if the RRC Reconfiguration message contains configurations other than Scell addition and Scell active configuration, the terminal device 110 may not delay all RRC configuration applications.
[0076] In some embodiments, the time offset may be determined as a cell specific offset (K_(cell, offset) ) minus a differential offset (K_ (UE, offset) ) for the secondary cell. In some embodiments, the cell specific offset may be configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device 110 and a satellite 130 in the NTN.
[0077] In some embodiments, the time offset (or slot offset) for delaying the first configuration may be equivalent to the latest available TA. The latest available TA may be calculated by K_offset=K_ (cell, offset) -K_ (UE, offset) , where K_ (cell, offset) may be provided by a parameter cellSpecificKoffset, and K_ (UE, offset) is provided by a Differential Koffset MAC CE command. In some examples, K_ (cell, offset) may be corresponding to 〖K〗_offset, which is a configured scheduling offset that needs to be larger or equal to the sum of the service link RTT and the Common TA.
[0078] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the time offset may be determined as the cell specific offset. For example, the time offset may be determined as k_offset=K_ (cell, offset) which is provided by the parameter cellSpecificKoffset.
[0079] In some embodiments, the time offset may be determined as a sum of a cell specific offset (K_ (cell, offset) ) minus a differential offset (K_ (UE, offset) ) plus a configured time offset. The configured time offset is determined based on a round trip time (RTT) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization. For example, the configured time offset is kmac which is a configured offset that is approximately equal to the RTT between the RP and the gNB.
[0080] In an example, the time offset (or slot offset) for delaying the first configuration may be equivalent to K_offset=K_ (cell, offset) -K_ (UE, offset) + the time corresponding to kmac, where the kmac is the configured time offset which may be provided by kmac-r17 in NTN-Config-r1configuration.
[0081] As an alternative, the time offset may be determined as a sum of the cell specific offset (K_ (cell, offset) ) and the configured time offset (kmac ) . For exmaple, the time offset (or slot offset) for delaying the first configuration may be equivalent to K_offset=K_ (cell, offset) + the time corresponding to kmac.
[0082] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may use the legacy RRC configuration to transmit the RRC Reconfiguration Complete message if the delayed application of the first configuration (e.g., the received RRC configuration) or the Scell related signalling coming after it activates the Scell.
[0083] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message from the network device 120.
[0084] In some embodiments, in the signaling flow 600, the terminal device 110 may transmit (615) feedback information to the network device 120. For example, the terminal device 110 may transmit a RRC Reconfiguration Complete message to the network device 120.
[0085] In some embodiments, regarding the step 604 as discussed with reference to FIG. 6, proposed amendments to the 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) , e.g., TS 38.306 are shown as below in Table 1. In Table 1, an additional parameter ScellDealyActive is added to indicate capability information indicating whether a UE is capable of delaying a configuration associated with an activation or addition of a secondary cell. In Table 2, “M" refers to mandatory, “FDD-TDD DIFF” refers to difference between Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) and Time Division Duplexing (TDD) , and “FR1-FR2 DIFF” refers to difference between Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and FR2.
[0086] Table 1
[0087] In some embodiments, regarding the step 605 as discussed with reference to FIG. 6, proposed amendments to the 3GPP TS, e.g., TS 38.331 are shown as below in Table 2. In Table 2, an additional indication DelayActived is added to indicate a delay in applying the first configuration (e.g., the RRC configuration for addition or activation of a Scell) .
[0088] Table 2
[0089] In some embodiments, regarding the step 605 as discussed in FIG. 6, alternative proposed amendments to the 3GPP TS, e.g., TS 38.331, are shown as below in Table 3. In Table 2, an additional field sCellDelayActived is added, which may be set as True or False to indicate a dalay in applying the first configuration (e.g., the RRC configuration for addition or activation of a Scell) .
[0090] Table 3
[0091] In the above Table 2 and Table 3, “SCellConfig” refers to the RRC configuration for a Scell, “sCellIndex” refers to an index of the Scell, “sCellState-r16” refers to a state of the Scell, which may be set to “activated” to indicate that the Scell is to be activated, or may be set to “Delayactivated” (in Table 2) to indicate a delay in applying the RRC configuration.
[0092] In some embodiments, regarding the steps of 610 and 615 discussed with reference to FIG. 6, proposed amendments to the 3GPP TS, e.g., TS 38.331, are shown as below in Table 4.
[0093] Table 4
[0094] In some embodiments, regarding the steps of 610 and 615 discussed with reference to FIG. 6, alternative proposed amendments to the 3GPP TS, e.g., TS 38.331, are shown as below in Table 5.
[0095] Table 5
[0096] FIG. 7 illustrates an example timing relationship 700 for Scell activation or deactivation in a TN. With reference to slots for physical uplink channel (PUCCH) transmissions in TN, when a UE receives in a physical downlink share channel (PDSCH) an activation command for a secondary cell ending in slot n, the UE applies the corresponding actions in no later than the minimum requirement and no earlier than slot n+k, except for the following:
[0097] - the actions related to CSI reporting on a serving cell that is active in slot n+k;
[0098] - the actions related to the sCellDeactivationTimer associated with the secondary cell that the UE applies in slot n+k;
[0099] - the actions related to CSI reporting on a serving cell which is not active in slot n+kthat the UE applies in the earliest slot after n+k in which the serving cell is active.
[0100] “sCellDeactivationTimer” refers to a timer configured for deactivation of a Scell. If this timer expires, the associated Scell is deactivated.
[0101] The value of k is where slot n+m is a slot indicated for PUCCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information for the PDSCH reception and is a number of slots per subframe for the SCS configuration μ of the PUCCH transmission.
[0102] As shown in FIG. 7, it is assumed the gNB transmits the activation command in a PDSCH transmission in slot n 701 in DL of gNB, which is corresponding to slot n 702 in UL of gNB. The UE receives the activation command in slot 703 in DL of UE, which is corresponding to slot 704 in UL of UE. The UE transmits a PUCCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information for the PDSCH reception in slot (n+m) 705, which is corresponding to slot (n+m) 706 in UL of gNB. The UE applies the corresponding activation actions no earlier than slot (n+k) 707, which is about 3 ms from slot (n+m) 705 if is 1. Slot (n+k) 707 in UL of UE is corresponding to slot (n+k) 708 in UL of gNB.
[0103] With reference to slots for PUCCH transmissions, if a UE receives a deactivation command for a secondary cell ending in slot n, the UE applies the corresponding actions no later than the minimum requirement, except for the actions related to CSI reporting on an activated serving cell which the UE applies in slot n+k. As shown in FIG. 7, the deactivation command is transmitted by gNB in slot (n+k) 709 in DL of gNB. If the UE receives the deactivation command in slot (n+k) 710 in DL of UE, it may apply the corresponding actions no later than the minimum requirement.
[0104] In NTN, the terminal device and the network device are aligned at a reference point (RP) (which is not at the network device as TN) . There is a time delay between the network device and the RP, and the HARQ ACK feedback is received in slot n+k of the RP UL / DL but not at network device slot n+k. Therefore, from the RP point of view, the network device will apply the Scell activation command in slot (n + k + RTD of network device and RP) .
[0105] Without enhancement, the terminal device expects the network device to activate the Scell in slot n+k, and it will try to access this Scell and monitor the Scell PDCCH after slot n+k. However, the terminal device cannot successfully access the Scell or monitor the Scell PDCCH from slot n+k to slot (n + k + RTD of the network device and the RP) .
[0106] Without enhancement, the terminal device expects the network device to deactivate the Scell in slot n+k, and it will stop monitoring the Scell PDCCH after slot n+k. However, the network device may schedule the terminal device from slot n+k to slot (n + k + RTD of network device and RP) , and a scheduling failure occurs.
[0107] Based on the analysis above, on the side of the terminal device (e.g., UE) , the RTD between the RP and the network device (e.g., gNB) needs to be considered when it decides to apply a configuration of activation or deactivation of a Scell to keep the alignment with the network device. To enhance the timing for the Scell activation or deactivation, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the timing for the Scell activation or deactivation configured by the network device may have a delay offset which may be equal to the RTD between the RP and the network device.
[0108] FIG. 8 illustrates a signaling flow 800 of timing for Scell activation or deactivation in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 800 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0109] As shown in FIG. 8, the terminal device 110 receives (805) , from the network device 120 in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive the first configuration information in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) from the network device 120, e.g., in MAC CE from the network device 120.
[0110] The terminal device 110 determines (810) a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization. Further, the terminal device 110 determines (815) that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.
[0111] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first time offset based on the RTD and a time offset between the first time instance and a third time instance for an uplink transmission of feedback information for the first configuration information.
[0112] In some embodiments, the RTD may be configured to the terminal device 110 as a configured time offset, so the terminal device 110 may be able to determine the first time offset. In some cases, the RTD between the RP and the network device 120 may be defined as k_mac. Therefore, the terminal device 110 may apply the MAC CE indicating activation or deactivation of the Scell at n + k + k_mac. In some embodiments, the first time offset (e.g., k + k_mac) may be configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset.
[0113] In some embodiments, the first time instance, the second time instance, and the first time offset may be in granularity of slots. FIG. 9 illustrates an example timing relationship 900 for Scell activation or deactivation in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the terminal device 110 receives MAC CE carrying an indication of activation or deactivation of a Scell in slot n 904 in DL of the terminal device, which is corresponding to slot n 902 in RP DL (aligned with slot n 901 in DL of the network device 120) . TA between DL and UL of the terminal device is relatively large in NTN, and there is also a delay between the terminal device 110 and the RP. The terminal device may transmit feedback information (HARQ ACK) in slot (n+k) 906 for the reception of the MAC CE. The actual time offset (i.e., k slots) between the time when MAC CE is transmitted and the time when the terminal device 110 confirms the reception is 2*Delay+m+3ms, from the perspective of the RP.
[0114] The network device 120, which is aligned with the RP, may determine that the terminal device 110 acknowledges and apply the MAC CE in slot (n+k) 909 in its DL, which may have a delay with slot (n+k) 908 in RP DL. Considering the RTD between the network device 120 and the RP, instead of determining that the Scell is activated or deactivated in slot (n+k) 910 in DL of terminal device 110, it may delay the activation or deactivation, and determine that the Scell is activated or deactivated in slot (n+k+k_mac) 911. That is, the MAC CE indicating activation or deactivation of a Scell is applied by the terminal device 110 in slot (n+k+k_mac) 911.
[0115] In some embodiments, regarding the steps as discussed with reference to FIG. 8, proposed amendments to TS 38.213 are shown as below in Table 6.
[0116] Table 6
[0117] In some embodiments, some examples of the SCS configuration μare shown as below in Table 7.
[0118] Table 7
[0119] In some embodiments, a Scell has active and deactivated states. The dormancy and non-dormancy states are the sub-states of the active state. The dormancy and non- dormancy states may also be referred to as dormancy bandwidth part (BWP) and non-dormancy BWP states. The performance of dormancy BWP is the same as the deactivated state except that the terminal device in dormancy BWP will report CSI except aperiodic CSI for this BWP. The dormancy and non-dormancy BWP indication is carried on layer 1(L1) signalling (i.e. downlink control information, DCI) , which is faster than layer 2 (L2) MAC CE signalling.
[0120] DCI 2_6 is used to switch the dormancy / non-dormancy BWP outside of DRX active time, while the DCI 0-1 and DCI 1-1 are used instead of DRX active time. More detailed, DCI 0-1 indicates the terminal device switch from dormancy BWP to non-dormancy BWP, and DCI 1-1 indicates the terminal device switch from non-dormancy BWP to dormancy BWP.
[0121] FIG. 10A illustrates an example timing relationship 1000A for Scell non-dormancy in a TN, which shows an example of UE switch from dormancy BWP to non-dormancy BWP. As shown in FIG. 10A, gNB transmits DCI indicating a PDSCH scheduling of non-dormancy BWP of a Scell in slot n 1001 in DL of gNB. The UE receives and switches to non-dormancy BWP of the Scell in slot n 1003 in DL of UE. PDSCH of the Scell is received in slot (n+k0) 1005 of the non-dormancy BWP. The UE transmits HARQ feedback in slot (n+k0+k1) 1006. gNB receives the HARQ feedback and thus determines in slot (n+k0+k1) 1008 that UE switches to non-dormancy BWP.
[0122] FIG. 10B illustrates an example timing relationship 1000B for Scell dormancy in a TN, which shows an example of UE switch from non-dormancy BWP to dormancy BWP. As shown in FIG. 10B, gNB transmits DCI indicating a PDSCH scheduling of non-dormancy BWP of a Scell in slot n 1011 in DL of gNB. The UE receives and switches to non-dormancy BWP of the Scell in slot n 1013 in DL of UE, which has a TA of TN from slot n 1014 in UL of UE. The UE transmits HARQ feedback in slot (n+N) 1015. gNB receives the HARQ feedback and thus determines in slot (n+N) 1017 that UE switches to dormancy BWP. As the UE switches to non-dormancy BWP in slot (n+N) 1018 in DL of UE, the UE may perform no PSDCH transmission or reception after the slot (n+N) 1018.
[0123] For dormancy BWP and non-dormancy BWP in TN, a terminal device is expected to provide HARQ-ACK information in response to a detection of a DCI format 1_1 indicating SCell dormancy after N symbols from the last symbol of a PDCCH providing the DCI format 1_1. If processingType2Enabled of PDSCH-ServingCellConfig is set to enable for the serving cell with the PDCCH providing the DCI format 1_1, N=7 for μ=0, N=7.5 for μ=1, and N=15 for μ=2; otherwise, N=14 for μ=0, N= 16 for μ=1, N=27 for μ=2, N=31 for μ=3, N=124 for μ=5, and =248 for μ=6, where μ is the smallest SCS configuration between the SCS configuration of the PDCCH providing the DCI format 1_1 and the SCS configuration of a PUCCH with the HARQ-ACK information in response to the detection of the DCI format 1_1.
[0124] In NTN, the propagation delay is much more significant than in TN. The time offset (N) is the slot offset after UE receives the dormancy BWP indication related to the TA. However, N is defined only for the TN case, and the legacy timing relationship is unsuitable for the NTN case, especially in some NTN scenarios the terminal device and the network device are aligned to a RP. FIG. 11 illustrates an example timing relationship 1100 for Scell dormancy in an NTN when a conventional mechanism in the TN is applied. As shown in FIG. 11, considering the RTD between the RP and gNB, slot n 1101 in DL of gNB and slot 1102 in RP DL has a delay of the RTD. As the UE is aligned with the RP, it assumes that DCI indicating a PDSCH scheduling of non-dormancy BWP of a Scell is transmitted in slot n 1102 in RP DL. The UE receives and switches to non-dormancy BWP of the Scell in slot n 1104 in DL of UE, which has a TA of NTN with slot n 1105 of UE DL. PDSCH of the Scell is received in slot (n+k0) 1105 of the non-dormancy BWP. The UE transmits HARQ feedback in slot (n+k0+k1) 1106. If the UE transmits HARQ ACK feedback in slot 1106 which is an offset of N as specified in TN, the gNB may determine in slot 1109 of its DL that the Scell is switched to the non-dormancy BWP. However, considering the long propagation delay between UE and gNB in NTN, the problem is that the offset N may not be enough.
[0125] To enhance the timing for the Scell dormancy and non-dormancy switching, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, regarding the Scell switch from dormancy BWP to non-dormancy BWP, the feedback of the switch command may be transmitted by considering an extra time offset to make the switch command works.
[0126] FIG. 12 illustrates a signaling flow 1200 of timing for Scell dormancy in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 1200 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0127] As shown in FIG. 12, in the signaling flow 1200, the network device 120 transmits (1205) , to the terminal device 110 in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell. The terminal device 110 receives, from the network device 120 the second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell.
[0128] In some embodiment, the network device 120 may transmit the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device 110The terminal device 110 may receive the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) from the network device 120. In some embodiments, timing of the terminal device and the network device may be aligned to a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0129] The terminal device 110 determines (1210) a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. The terminal device 110 transmits (1220) , to the network device 120, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0130] At the side of the network device 120, it also determines (1215) a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. The network device 120 receives, from the terminal device 110, the feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0131] In some embodiments, the first time instance and the second time instance may be in granularity of slots, and the first time offset may be either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.
[0132] For example, a slot / symbol offset is introduced as the second time offset to calculate the Scell dormancy timing. This time offset is expected to be close to or larger than the slot offset corresponding to the TA of NTN. The calculation of Scell dormancy timing may be determined as follows: N + slot offset / symbol offset corresponding to TA of NTN.
[0133] In some embodiments, the slot offset (i.e., a time offset in granularity of slots) can be k_offset as specified in the communication specifications (e.g., in the 3GPP TS 38.331 and TS 38.300) , so the calculation of Scell dormancy timing may be determined as N + 2μ*k_offset.
[0134] In some embodiments, the symbol offset (i.e., a time offset in granularity of symbols) is related to k_offset as specified in the communication specifications (e.g., in the 3GPP TS 38.331 and TS 38.300) , so the calculation of Scells dormancy timing may be determined as N + 2^μ*k_offset*14.
[0135] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may determine a reference time offset Koffset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device 110 and a satellite in the NTN and the Common timing advance (TA) . Further, the terminal device 110 may determine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.
[0136] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA. Further, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may determine the reference time offset Koffset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell. In one example, Koffset=Kcell, offset-KUE, offset, where Kcell, offset is provided by cellSpecificKoffset and KUE, offset is provided by a Differential Koffset MAC CE command; otherwise, if not respectively provided, Kcell, offset=0 or KUE, offset=0.
[0137] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset (e.g., N symbols) that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. Further, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset. For example, the predetermined relationship may be defined as N + 2μ·Koffset ·14 symbols. The first mapping between SCS and time offsets may define that N=7 for μ=0, N=7.5 for μ=1, and N=15 for μ=2; otherwise, N=14 for μ=0, N=16 for μ=1, N=27 for μ=2, N=31 for μ=3, N=124 for μ=5, and =248 for μ=6, where μ is the smallest SCS configuration between the SCS configuration of the PDCCH providing the DCI format 1_1 and the SCS configuration of a PUCCH with the HARQ-ACK information in response to the detection of the DCI format 1_1.
[0138] In some embodiments, proposed amendments to the 3GPP spécification TS, e.g., TS 38.213 are shown as below in Table 8.
[0139] Table 8
[0140] FIG. 13A illustrates example timing relationships 1300A for Scell dormancy in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13A, if the terminal device 110 receives second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell in slot n 1304, to switch Scell to the dormancy BWP, the terminal device 110 may determine a reference time offset of 2μ·Koffset ·14 symbols which may approximates to TA of NTN. The terminal device 110 may further determine a time offset of N symbols. Then the terminal device 110 may determine a slot 1306 which is after N + 2μ·Koffset ·14 symbols from slot 1305, and transmit HARQ ACK feedback in the slot 1306. Similarly, the network device 120 determines a slot 1309 to receive the HARQ ACK feedback and determines that the Scell is switched to non-dormancy BWP.
[0141] In some embodiments, the definition of the parameter N may be extended to cover the length of NTN TA. Specifically, the terminal device 110 may determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset (N symbols) that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. Further, a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping may be determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS. Similarly, in some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. Further, a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping may be determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.
[0142] For example, the second mapping between SCSs and time offsets may be changed to define that N=7+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=0, N=7.5+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ= 1, and N=15+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=2; otherwise, N=14+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=0, N=16+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=1, N=27+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=2, N=31+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=3, N=124+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=5, and =248+ 2μ·Koffset ·14 for μ=6, where μ is the smallest SCS configuration between the SCS configuration of the PDCCH providing the DCI format 1_1 and the SCS configuration of a PUCCH with the HARQ-ACK information in response to the detection of the DCI format 1_1. The reference time slot may be determined as follows: Koffset=Kcell, offset-KUE, offset, where Kcell, offset is provided by cellSpecificKoffset and KUE, offset is provided by a Differential Koffset MAC CE command; otherwise, if not respectively provided, Kcell, offset=0 or KUE, offset=0.
[0143] In some embodiments, proposed amendments to the 3GPP spécification TS, e.g., TS 38.213 are shown as below in Table 9.
[0144] Table 9
[0145] FIG. 13B illustrates example timing relationships 1300B for Scell dormancy in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13B, if the terminal device 110 receives second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell in slot n 1314, to switch Scell to the dormancy BWP, the terminal device 110 may determine the second time offset of N symbols from the slot n 1315. The value N may be determined according to the second mapping between SCSs and time offsets. The terminal device 110 may determine a slot 1316 which is after N symbols from slot 1315, and transmit HARQ ACK feedback in the slot 1316. Similarly, the network device 120 determines a slot 1319 to receive the HARQ ACK feedback and determines that the Scell is switched to non-dormancy BWP.
[0146] In some embodiments, a new parameter, N_new, may be introduced which represent a slot offset in NTN. This slot offset may be different from the N representing as a symbol offset in TN. The N_new can cover the range of NTN TA and does not cover the N since the N is too short for N_new. And if the NTN is detected, the N_new is used instead of N. If the TN is seen, N is used instead of N_new.
[0147] Specifically, the terminal device 110 may determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. Similarly, in some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. The predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the target SCS may be defined as 2μ·Koffset. The reference time offset may be defined as Koffset=Kcell, offset-KUE, offset, where Kcell, offset is provided by cellSpecificKoffset and KUE, offset is provided by a Differential Koffset MAC CE command; otherwise, if not respectively provided, Kcell, offset=0 or KUE, offset=0.
[0148] In some embodiments, proposed amendments to the 3GPP spécification TS, e.g., TS 38.213 are shown as below in Table 10.
[0149] Table 10
[0150] FIG. 13C illustrates example timing relationships 1300c for Scell dormancy in an NTN in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13C, if the terminal device 110 receives second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell in slot n 1324, to switch Scell to the dormancy BWP, the terminal device 110 may determine the second time offset of 2μ·Koffset slots from the slot n 1325. The value N may be determined according to the second mapping between SCSs and time offsets. The terminal device 110 may determine a slot 1326 which is after N symbols from slot 1325, and transmit HARQ ACK feedback in the slot 1326. Similarly, the network device 120 determines a slot 1329 to receive the HARQ ACK feedback and determines that the Scell is switched to non-dormancy BWP.
[0151] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1400 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0152] At block 1410, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell.
[0153] At block 1420, the terminal device 110 determines a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0154] At block 1430, the terminal device 110 determines that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first time offset based on the RTD and a time offset between the first time instance and a third time instance for an uplink transmission of feedback information for the first configuration information.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the RTD is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset, or wherein the first time offset is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receive the first configuration information in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) from the network device 120.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the first time instance, the second time instance, and the first time offset are in granularity of slots.
[0159] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1500 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0160] At block 1510, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell.
[0161] At block 1520, the terminal device 110 determines a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.
[0162] At block 1530, the terminal device 110 transmits, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a reference time offset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN and a common timing advance (TA) ; and determine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA; and determine the reference time offset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset.
[0166] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device, wherein a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping is determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device.
[0168] In some example embodiments, timing of the terminal device and the network device are aligned to a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0169] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) from the network device.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the first time instance and the second time instance are in granularity of slots, and the first time offset are either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.
[0171] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1600 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0172] At block 1610, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell.
[0173] At block 1620, the network device 120 determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.
[0174] At block 1630, the network device 120 receives, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0175] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine a reference time offset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN and a common timing advance (TA) ; and determine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.
[0176] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA; and determine the reference time offset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell.
[0177] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset.
[0178] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device, wherein a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping is determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.
[0179] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device.
[0180] In some embodiments, timing of the terminal device and the network device are aligned to a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0181] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device.
[0182] In some embodiments, the first time instance and the second time instance are in granularity of slots, and the first time offset are either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.
[0183] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1700 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1700 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0184] At block 1710, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell.
[0185] At block 1720, the terminal device 110 applies the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.
[0186] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device, indication information comprising at least one of the following: a first indication of delaying the first configuration, or a second indication of the time offset; and in accordance with at least a determination that the first indication or the second indication is received, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.
[0187] In some example embodiments the terminal device 110 may determine whether the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration; and in accordance with a determination that the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit, to the network device, capability information indicating whether the terminal device is capable of delaying a configuration associated with an activation or addition of a secondary cell.
[0189] In some example embodiments, the first configuration is received in third configuration information from the network device, and the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received; or in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received, and apply the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received, or in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration and the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received.
[0190] In some example embodiments, the time offset is determined as a cell specific offset minus a differential offset for the secondary cell, or wherein the time offset is determined as the cell specific offset, and wherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.
[0191] In some example embodiments, the time offset is determined as a sum of a cell specific offset minus a differential offset plus a configured time offset, or wherein the time offset is determined as a sum of the cell specific offset and the configured time offset, the configured time offset being determined based on a round trip time (RTT) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; wherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.
[0192] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message from the network device.
[0193] FIG. 18 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1800 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1800 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 1800 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0194] As shown, the device 1800 includes a processor 1810, a memory 1820 coupled to the processor 1810, a suitable transceiver 1840 coupled to the processor 1810, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1840. The memory 1820 stores at least a part of a program 1830. The transceiver 1840 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1840 may include at least one of a transmitter 1842 and a receiver 1844. The transmitter 1842 and the receiver 1844 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0195] The program 1830 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1810, enable the device 1800 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1810 of the device 1800, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1810 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1810 and memory 1820 may form processing means 1850 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0196] The memory 1820 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1820 is shown in the device 1800, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1800The processor 1810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0197] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell; determine a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; and determine that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0198] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and transmit, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0199] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; and apply the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0200] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and receive, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0201] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0202] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell; means for determining a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; and means for determining that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0203] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; means for determining a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and means for transmitting, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1500. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0204] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; means for determining a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and means for receiving, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance. In some embodiments, the network apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1600. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0205] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; and means for applying the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device. In some embodiments, the terminal apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1700. In some example embodiments, the terminal apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0206] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0207] In a first aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell; determine a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; and determine that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.
[0208] In some embodiments, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine the first time offset based on the RTD and a time offset between the first time instance and a third time instance for an uplink transmission of feedback information for the first configuration information.
[0209] In some embodiments, the RTD is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset, or wherein the first time offset is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset.
[0210] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:receive the first configuration information in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) from the network device.
[0211] In some embodiments, the first time instance, the second time instance, and the first time offset are in granularity of slots.
[0212] In a second aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and transmit, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0213] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine a reference time offset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN and a common timing advance (TA) ; and determine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.
[0214] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA; and determine the reference time offset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell.
[0215] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset.
[0216] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device, wherein a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping is determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.
[0217] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device.
[0218] In some embodiments, timing of the terminal device and the network device are aligned to a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0219] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: receive the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) from the network device.
[0220] In some embodiments, the first time instance and the second time instance are in granularity of slots, and the first time offset are either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.
[0221] In a third aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; and apply the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device
[0222] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from the network device, indication information comprising at least one of the following: a first indication of delaying the first configuration, or a second indication of the time offset; and in accordance with at least a determination that the first indication or the second indication is received, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.
[0223] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: determine whether the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration; and in accordance with a determination that the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.
[0224] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: transmit, to the network device, capability information indicating whether the terminal device is capable of delaying a configuration associated with an activation or addition of a secondary cell.
[0225] In some embodiments, the first configuration is received in third configuration information from the network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received; or in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received, and apply the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received, or in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration and the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received.
[0226] In some embodiments, the time offset is determined as a cell specific offset minus a differential offset for the secondary cell, or wherein the time offset is determined as the cell specific offset, and wherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.
[0227] In some embodiments, the time offset is determined as a sum of a cell specific offset minus a differential offset plus a configured time offset, or wherein the time offset is determined as a sum of the cell specific offset and the configured time offset, the configured time offset being determined based on a round trip time (RTT) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; wherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.
[0228] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to: receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message from the network device.
[0229] In a fourth aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: transmit, to a terminal device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell; determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; and receive, from the terminal device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.
[0230] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to: determine a reference time offset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN and a common timing advance (TA) ; and determine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.
[0231] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to: determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA; and determine the reference time offset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell.
[0232] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to: determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset.
[0233] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to: determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device, wherein a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping is determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.
[0234] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to: determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device.
[0235] In some embodiments, timing of the terminal device and the network device are aligned to a reference point (RP) for time synchronization.
[0236] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to cause the network device to:transmit the second configuration information in downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device.
[0237] In some embodiments, the first time instance and the second time instance are in granularity of slots, and the first time offset are either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.
[0238] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0239] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0240] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0241] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0242] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0243] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0244] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0245] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0246] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
[0247] Some abbreviations used in the present disclosure are provided below with their representation in unshortened form. It is noted that widely established and unique abbreviations can be assumed as known.
[0248] List of abbreviations RAN Radio Access Network UE User Equipment CA Carrier Aggregation DC Dual Connectivity NTN Non-Terrestrial Network CU Centralized Unit DU Distributed Unit MAC CE MAC Control Element SCell Secondary Cell HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACK-NACK Acknowledgement -Non Acknowledgment DCI Downlink Control Information TA Time advance RTD Round Trip delay GEO Geostationary Earth orbit NGEO MEO&LEO MEO Medium Earth Orbit LEO Low Earth Orbit
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, first configuration information indicating activation or deactivation of a secondary cell;determine a first time offset from the first time instance at least based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization; anddetermine that the secondary cell is activated or deactivated no earlier than a second time instance with the first time offset from the first time instance.2.The device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine the first time offset based on the RTD and a time offset between the first time instance and a third time instance for an uplink transmission of feedback information for the first configuration information.3.The device of claim 2, wherein the RTD is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset, orwherein the first time offset is configured to the terminal device as a configured time offset.4.The device of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:receive the first configuration information in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) from the network device.5.The device of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first time instance, the second time instance, and the first time offset are in granularity of slots.6.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and at a first time instance, second configuration information indicating dormancy of a secondary cell;determine a second time offset from the first time instance at least based on a first round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device; andtransmit, to the network device, feedback information related to the reception of the second configuration information after a second time instance with the second time offset from the first time instance.7.The device of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine a reference time offset, the reference time offset being based on a second RTD between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN and a common timing advance (TA) ; anddetermine the second time offset according to a predetermined relationship with the reference time offset, the predetermined relationship being defined based on the first RTD.8.The device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine a cell specific offset to be larger or equal to a sum of the second RTD and the common TA; anddetermine the reference time offset based on the cell specific offset and a differential offset for the secondary cell.9.The device of claim 7 or 8, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine, from a first mapping between subcarrier spacings (SCSs) and time offsets, a third time offset that is mapped to a target SCS configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device; anddetermine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship that indicates a sum of the reference time offset and the third time offset.10.The device of claim 7 or 8, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine, from a second mapping between SCSs and time offsets, the second time offset that is mapped to a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device,wherein a time offset mapped to a SCS in the second mapping is determined according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and the SCS.11.The device of claim 7 or 8, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine the second time offset according to the predetermined relationship associated with the reference time offset and a target SCS that is configured for communication between the terminal device and the network device.12.The device of any of claims 6 to 11, wherein the first time instance and the second time instance are in granularity of slots, and the first time offset are either in granularity of slots or in granularity of symbols.13.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a first configuration associated with activation or addition of a secondary cell; andapply the first configuration after a time offset from a time instance when the first configuration is received, the time offset being determined based on a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and the network device.14.The device of claim 13, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from the network device, indication information comprising at least one of the following: a first indication of delaying the first configuration, or a second indication of the time offset; andin accordance with at least a determination that the first indication or the second indication is received, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.15.The device of claim 13 or 14, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:determine whether the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration; andin accordance with a determination that the terminal device is capable of delaying the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from the time instance when the first configuration is received.16.The device of any of claims 13 to 15, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:transmit, to the network device, capability information indicating whether the terminal device is capable of delaying a configuration associated with an activation or addition of a secondary cell.17.The device of any of claims 13 to 16, wherein the first configuration is received in third configuration information from the network device, and wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received; orin accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration after the time offset from a time instance when the third configuration information is received, and apply the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received, orin accordance with a determination that the received third configuration information comprises a further configuration other than the first configuration, apply the first configuration and the further configuration at the time instance when the third configuration information is received.18.The device of any of claims 13 to 17, wherein the time offset is determined as a cell specific offset minus a differential offset for the secondary cell, or wherein the time offset is determined as the cell specific offset, andwherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.19.The device of any of claims 13 to 18, wherein the time offset is determined as a sum of a cell specific offset minus a differential offset plus a configured time offset, or wherein the time offset is determined as a sum of the cell specific offset and the configured time offset, the configured time offset being determined based on a round trip time (RTT) between the network device and a reference point (RP) for time synchronization;wherein the cell specific offset is configured as being larger or equal to a sum of a common timing advance (TA) and a round trip delay (RTD) between the terminal device and a satellite in the NTN.20.The device of any of claims 13 to 19, wherein the processor is configured to cause the terminal device to:receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message from the network device.
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