Antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas. Disclosed is an antenna. The antenna comprises a first feed network, a reflector, and a radiating unit. The reflector is arranged between the first feed network and the radiating unit, and the reflector is provided with a window. The first feed network is provided with an electrical connection part protruding into the window, and the first feed network is directly electrically connected to the radiating unit by means of the electrical connection part. According to the present invention, the feed network and the radiating unit located on two sides of the reflector can be electrically connected without using cables, simplifying the antenna structure while reducing antenna losses and improving antenna performance.

Description

An antenna Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna. Background Art

[0002] An antenna is a component used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. It is widely used in systems such as broadcasting and television, point-to-point radio communications, radar, and space exploration, and is an essential component of wireless communications. Currently, antennas generally consist of a radiating element, a front-feed network, a reflector, a back-feed network, and a radome to protect the antenna. The radiating element and the front-feed network are located on the front side of the reflector, while the back-feed network is located on the back side of the reflector. For example, when the back-feed network includes a phase shifter, when the phase shifter is connected to the radiating element or the front-feed network, the phase shifter is connected to the radiating element or the front-feed network via a cable. During the connection, the inner and outer conductors are both DC-connected by welding. However, this method results in higher losses in the feed network due to the large number of cables used. Furthermore, in some antennas, when connecting the phase shifter to the radiating element or the front-feed network, the phase shifter is first coupled to the reflector, which is then coupled to the radiating element or the front-feed network. However, this method can cause numerous resonances, affecting antenna performance.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna that can electrically connect a feeding network and a radiating unit located on both sides of a reflector without using cables, thereby simplifying the antenna structure and reducing antenna loss.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna comprising a first feed network, a reflector, and a radiating element. The reflector is disposed between the first feed network and the radiating element, the reflector being provided with a window, the first feed network being provided with an electrical connection portion protruding into the window, and the first feed network being directly electrically connected to the radiating element via the electrical connection portion. By providing the window and the electrical connection portion on the reflector, the first feed network is directly electrically connected to the radiating element, thereby avoiding problems associated with connecting the two using a cable, simplifying the antenna structure, and reducing antenna losses.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the radiation unit includes a radiation element and a second feeding network that are electrically connected to each other, and the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the second feeding network through the electrical connection portion.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first feed network includes a cavity and a signal processing circuit disposed within the cavity; the second feed network includes a conductive portion and a ground portion; the electrical connection portion includes a raised portion disposed within the cavity and a feed conductor disposed within the raised portion; the feed conductor connects the signal processing circuit and the conductive portion; and the raised portion is electrically connected to the ground portion. The electrical connection portion is formed by providing a raised portion on the cavity and a feed conductor on the raised portion. The raised portion and the feed conductor in the electrical connection portion form an air strip line structure. The air strip line connects the radiating element to the first feed network, thereby reducing antenna loss and increasing antenna gain.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a surface of the raised portion facing the radiating element and a surface of the reflector facing the radiating element are coplanar, forming a mounting surface, and the second feed network is disposed on the mounting surface. By arranging the surface of the raised portion and the surface of the reflector coplanarly, and mounting the second feed network on the coplanar mounting surface, deformation of the second feed network can be avoided, thereby increasing the service life of the second feed network.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a first insulating medium is provided between the cavity and the reflector. Providing the first insulating medium allows for a coupling connection between the cavity and the reflector, eliminating screw and welding work such as welding, facilitating installation, and reducing PIM risks.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a second insulating medium is provided between the mounting surface and the ground portion. The second insulating medium is preferably liquid photoresist. The provision of the second insulating medium forms a coupling connection between the ground portion and the raised portion, eliminating the need for screw installation and soldering, facilitating installation while reducing PIM risks.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the protrusion is coupled to the ground portion, and the coupling area is not less than 300 mm 2 .

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the width of the protrusion in the width direction of the reflector is not less than 15 mm, and the length of the protrusion in the length direction of the phase shifter is not less than 20 mm.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the width of the protrusion is not less than 20 mm, and the length of the protrusion is not less than 40 mm.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the grounding portion is at least partially coupled to the reflector, thereby avoiding the need for screw installation and welding, facilitating installation and reducing PIM risks.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the width direction of the reflective plate, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion is not less than 1 mm.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency of the antenna is high frequency, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflector is not less than 3 mm.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency of the antenna is high frequency, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflector is not less than 6 mm.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency of the antenna is low, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflector is not less than 15 mm.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency of the antenna is low, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflector is not less than 30 mm.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the radiating unit includes a radiating element, and the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the radiating element via the electrical connection portion. By providing a window and the electrical connection portion on the reflector, the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the radiating element. This avoids problems associated with connecting the two using a cable, simplifies the antenna structure, and reduces antenna loss.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first feeding network includes a cavity and a signal processing circuit disposed within the cavity. The electrical connection portion includes a raised portion disposed on the cavity and a feeding conductor disposed on the raised portion. The feeding conductor connects the signal processing circuit and the radiating element, and the raised portion is electrically connected to the ground of the radiating element. The electrical connection portion is formed by providing a raised portion on the cavity and a feeding conductor on the raised portion. The raised portion and the feeding conductor in the electrical connection portion form an air strip line structure. By connecting the radiating element and the first feeding network via this air strip line, antenna loss can be reduced and antenna gain can be increased.

[0023] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first feeding network is selected from one of a power splitter, a phase shifter, and a combiner.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, (1) the present invention provides a window on the reflector and an electrical connection portion protruding into the window on the cavity of the first feed network, so that the first feed network can be directly electrically connected to the radiating unit. The feed network and the radiating unit located on both sides of the reflector can be electrically connected without using cables, thereby simplifying the antenna structure and reducing antenna loss.

[0025] (2) The present invention electrically connects the first feeding network directly to the radiating element or the second feeding network through an electrical connection portion. The raised portion in the electrical connection portion and the feeding conductor form an air strip line structure. The first feeding network is electrically connected directly to the radiating element or the second feeding network through the electrical connection portion through the air strip line, thereby reducing the loss of the antenna and improving the gain of the antenna.

[0026] (3) The present invention provides a window on the reflector so that the raised portion in the electrical connection portion is directly coupled to the ground of the second feeding network or the radiating oscillator, thereby effectively reducing resonance.

[0027] (4) The present invention can effectively reduce resonance by providing a window on the reflector and ensuring that the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion meet predetermined conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] FIG1 is a perspective view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] FIG2 is a perspective view of an antenna with part of the radiation unit removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of a feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the window and the raised portion according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of antenna frequencies during direct coupling and indirect coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the window and the antenna frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing a direct connection between a first feeding network and a radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the main figure marks: 10-reflecting plate, 10a-first end face, 10b-second end face, 11-window, 111-, 20-radiating unit, 21-radiating oscillator, 21a-oscillator, 21b-feeding balun, 22-second feeding network, 22a-conductive part, 22b-grounding part, 22c-dielectric substrate, 30-first feeding network, 30a-cavity, 30b-signal processing circuit, 31-electrical connecting part, 31a-protrusion, 31b-feeding conductor, 40-first insulating medium, S1-surface, S2-surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0038] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or variations such as "include" or "comprising", etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or other components.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, an antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention can at least electrically connect the feeding network and the radiating unit located on both sides of the reflector without using cables, thereby simplifying the antenna structure, reducing antenna loss, and reducing the impact of resonance on the working frequency band.

[0040] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the antenna includes a reflector 10, a radiation unit 20 and a first feeding network 30. The reflector 10 has a first end face 10a and a second end face 10b arranged opposite to each other. The first end face 10a can be used to reflect electromagnetic waves, and the second end face 10b can be used to install other components required for the antenna, such as a phase shifter. In specific implementation, other components can be installed on the second end face 10b of the reflector 10 directly or indirectly, which can be selected according to actual needs. The radiation unit 20 is located on the first end face 10a side of the reflector 10 and can be used to receive or radiate electromagnetic waves. The first feeding network 30 is located on the second end face 10b side of the reflector 10 and is electrically connected to the radiation unit 20, that is, the reflector 10 is between the first feeding network 30 and the radiation unit 20. The first feeding network 30 can be used to feed signals to the radiation unit 20, or to send received signals to the processing unit of the base station.

[0041] As shown in FIG2 , the reflector 10 is provided with windows 11. The number of windows 11 can be set according to the number of radiating elements 20. The first feed network 30 can be directly electrically connected to the radiating elements 20 through these windows 11. Since the first feed network 30 and the radiating elements 20 are directly electrically connected, the use of cables can be eliminated, thereby avoiding the problems associated with using cables for connection, such as high antenna loss and complex antenna structure. In other words, by providing windows 11 in the reflector 10, the first feed network 30 and the radiating elements 20 are directly electrically connected, which can simplify the antenna structure and reduce antenna loss.

[0042] As shown in conjunction with Figures 2 and 3 , to facilitate direct electrical connection of the first feeding network 30 to the radiating element 20 through the window 11, the first feeding network 30 is provided with an electrical connection portion 31 protruding into the window 11. The first feeding network 30 can be directly electrically connected to the radiating element 20 through the electrical connection portion 31. In other words, by providing the first feeding network 30 with the electrical connection portion 31 protruding into the window 11, the first feeding network 30 can be directly electrically connected to the radiating element 20, eliminating the need for cables, thereby simplifying the antenna structure and reducing antenna loss.

[0043] As shown in Figure 3, the first feed network 30 includes a cavity 30a and a signal processing circuit 30b disposed within the cavity 30a. The first feed network 30 herein includes, but is not limited to, a phase shifter, a combiner, and a power splitter, wherein the power splitter is a 1-to-N power splitter, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, when the first feed network 30 is a phase shifter, the phase shifter includes the cavity 30a and a phase shifting circuit disposed within the cavity 30a; when the first feed network 30 is a power splitter, the power splitter includes the cavity 30a and a power splitting circuit disposed within the cavity 30a; and when the first feed network 30 is a combiner, the combiner includes the cavity 30a and a combining circuit disposed within the cavity 30a. The signal processing circuit 30b herein includes, but is not limited to, a stripline or microstrip line structure.

[0044] The cavity 30a has an end surface facing the reflector 10. This end surface is provided with a raised portion 31a that protrudes toward the reflector 10. The raised portion 31a is further provided with a feed conductor 31b connected to the signal processing circuit 30b. The raised portion 31a and the feed conductor 31b form the electrical connection portion 31. In other words, the electrical connection portion 31 includes the raised portion 31a provided in the cavity 30a and the feed conductor 31b provided in the raised portion 31a. By using this structure of the electrical connection portion 31 to connect the radiating element 20 with the first feed network 30, the antenna loss can be effectively reduced and the antenna gain can be increased. This is because the raised portion 31a and the feed conductor 31b in the electrical connection portion 31 form an air strip line structure. Connecting the radiating element 20 with the first feed network 30 through this air strip line can reduce the antenna loss and increase the antenna gain.

[0045] In this embodiment, the electrical connection 31 is an air strip line structure. Of course, in other embodiments, it can also be a microstrip line structure, which can be configured according to actual needs. The feed conductor 31b is preferably a PIN pin to ensure stable signal connection. The raised portion 31a is preferably integrally formed with the cavity 30a, which can at least reduce the installation of parts. Because the raised portion 31a and the cavity 30a are integrally formed, the ground can be continuously distributed on the raised portion 31a and the cavity 30a, effectively avoiding the disadvantage of discontinuous ground distribution caused by welding.

[0046] Furthermore, a first insulating medium 40 is provided between the cavity 30a and the reflector 10 to achieve a coupling connection between the cavity 30a and the reflector 10. The coupling connection avoids the need for screw installation and welding, facilitating installation while reducing PIM risks.

[0047] As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the radiating unit 20 includes at least one radiating element 21 and a second feed network 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the radiating unit 20 may include only the radiating element 21, depending on actual needs. The following describes in detail how the first feed network 30 is electrically connected to the radiating unit 20, using two embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] When the radiating unit 20 includes a radiating element 21 and a second feed network 22, the second feed network 22 is electrically connected to the radiating element 21. At the same time, the second feed network 22 is also directly electrically connected to the first feed network 30 through the window 11. That is, the second feed network 22 is electrically connected to the electrical connection portion 31 located in the window 11 to achieve electrical connection between the second feed network 22 and the first feed network 30. The second feed network 22 can feed the signal transmitted by the first feed network 30 to the radiating element 21, or transmit the received signal to the first feed network 30, for further transmission to the processing unit of the base station through the first feed network 30. The number of radiating elements 21 can be set according to actual needs. As shown in Figure 1, one second feed network 22 connects two radiating elements 21.

[0050] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the radiating oscillator 21 includes an oscillator 21a and a feed balun 21b provided on the oscillator 21a. The second feeding network 22 includes a conductive portion 22a and a ground portion 22b. In a specific implementation, the conductive portion 22a is electrically connected to the feed conductor 31b of the electrical connection portion 31, and the ground portion 22b is electrically connected to the raised portion 31a of the electrical connection portion 31. When the ground portion 22b is electrically connected to the raised portion 31a, a direct connection or a coupled connection can be adopted. In implementation, a coupled connection is preferred. This is because when the ground portion 22b is in direct contact with the raised portion 31a, the two are in surface contact, and it is usually impossible to ensure that every part is tightly fitted, which poses a certain risk of PIM (Passive Inter Modulation). Using a coupled connection can avoid the PIM risk caused by the aforementioned lack of tight fit. In a specific implementation, the electrical connection method between the two can be selected according to actual needs. For example, when the PIM requirements are not high, a direct connection can be adopted, while when the PIM requirements are high, a coupled connection can be adopted. By connecting by coupling, the risk of PIM can be reduced, and the installation of screws and welding work can also be reduced, making antenna installation easier. Secondly, because the cavity 30a extends into the window 11 through the protrusion 31a, the ground around the feed conductor 31b is in a continuously distributed state. Compared with the feed conductor 31b successively passing through the gap between the cavity 30a and the reflector 10, and the gap between the reflector 10 and the grounding portion 22b, the present invention uses the protrusion 31a to make the ground around the feed conductor 31b continuously distributed all the way to the grounding portion 22b, thereby effectively avoiding the resonance interference problem caused by the feed conductor 31b passing through the gap between the cavity 30a and the reflector 10.

[0051] In this embodiment, the coupling area between the protrusion 31a and the ground portion 22b is not less than 300mm 2By setting the coupling area within the above range, stable signal transmission can be ensured, and the resonance interference generated when the feed conductor 31b passes through the gap between the reflector 10 and the ground portion 22b can be effectively reduced. In a specific implementation, the width of the protrusion 31a in the width direction of the reflector 10 is not less than 15mm, and the length of the protrusion 31a in the length direction of the reflector 10 is not less than 20mm, which can ensure that the coupling area between the protrusion 31a and the ground portion 22b is not less than 300mm. 2 In practice, it is best if the width of the raised portion 31a is not less than 20 mm and the length is not less than 40 mm.

[0052] As shown in FIG4 , the second feed network 22 includes, but is not limited to, stripline and microstrip structures. In specific implementations, a microstrip structure is preferred to ensure reliable and stable signal transmission. When the second feed network 22 is a microstrip structure, as shown in FIG4 , it includes a conductive portion 22a, a grounding portion 22b, and a dielectric substrate 22c. The conductive portion 22a is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate, and the grounding portion 22b is disposed on the opposite side. The conductive portion 22a is electrically connected to the feed conductor 31b of the electrical connection portion 31, and the grounding portion 22b is electrically connected to the raised portion 31a of the electrical connection portion 31. When the second feed network 22 is a stripline structure, it includes a dielectric substrate 22c, a conductive portion 22a disposed within the dielectric substrate 22c, and grounding portions 22b disposed on both sides of the dielectric substrate 22c. The conductive portion 22a is electrically connected to the feed conductor 31b of the electrical connection portion 31, and the grounding portion 22b, located near the reflector 10, is electrically connected to the raised portion 31a of the electrical connection portion 31.

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 , the raised portion 31a has a surface S1 facing the radiating element 20, and the reflector 10 also has a surface S2 facing the radiating element 20. These surfaces are coplanar. That is, the surface of the raised portion 31a facing the radiating element 20 and the surface of the reflector 10 facing the radiating element 20 are in the same plane, which is referred to as the mounting surface. The second feed network 22 is mounted on this mounting surface, and a second insulating medium (not shown) is disposed between the mounting surface and the ground portion 22b of the second feed network 22 to achieve a coupling connection between the raised portion 31a and the ground portion 22b of the second feed network 22. By coplanarizing the surface of the raised portion 31a with the surface of the reflector 10, the second feed network 22 is aligned in the same plane, preventing deformation of the feed network due to uneven force, thereby improving the life of the feed network. Preferably, the second insulating medium is green oil (liquid photoresist) coated on the surface of the ground portion 22b.

[0054] Furthermore, to ensure the grounding stability of the radiating element 20, at least a portion of the ground portion 22b of the second feed network 22 is coupled to the reflector 10. As shown in Figure 2, a portion of the ground portion 22b is electrically connected to the raised portion 31a, while a portion is electrically connected to the reflector 10. In practice, a coupled connection is preferred. This coupling eliminates the need for screw installation and welding, facilitating installation while reducing the risk of PIM.

[0055] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 , when the first feed network 30 is coupled to the second feed network 22 via the electrical connection portion 31, resonance occurs. This is because when the cavity 30a is coupled to the reflector 10, a gap exists between the cavity 30a and the reflector 10, causing resonance when the feed conductor 31b passes through the cavity 30a and the reflector 10. Similarly, resonance occurs when the reflector 10 is coupled to the ground of the radiating element 20. To eliminate this resonance, the window 11 provided on the reflector 10 enables the raised portion 31a to be directly coupled to the ground portion 22b of the second feed network 22, thereby reducing the resonance. That is to say, the window 11 provided on the reflector allows the protrusion 31a to be directly coupled and connected to the ground portion 22b of the second feeding network 22. Compared with the solution in which the cavity 30a of the first feeding network 30 is coupled and connected to the reflector 10, and the reflector 10 is then coupled and connected to the ground portion 22b of the second feeding network 22, the resonance can be effectively reduced. As shown in FIG6 , this is a schematic diagram of the antenna frequency generated when the first feeding network 30 is indirectly coupled to the ground of the second feeding network 22, and when the first feeding network 30 is directly coupled to the ground of the second feeding network 22. As can be seen from the figure, more resonances are easily generated during indirect coupling, while resonances can be reduced or eliminated during direct coupling, such as no resonance is generated from 0.6 GHz to 3 GHz.

[0056] Furthermore, the window 11 of the reflector 10 needs to meet certain requirements to further reduce the resonance. Specifically, the length direction of the reflector 10 is defined as the length direction, and the width direction of the reflector 10 is defined as the width direction. During implementation, in the width direction, the width of the window 11 is greater than the width of the second feeding network 22, or in other words, in the width direction, the projection area of ​​the second feeding network 22 is located within the window 11. At the same time, in the length direction, the length of the window 11 decreases as the antenna frequency increases, that is, when the antenna frequency is at a high frequency, the length of the window 11 is correspondingly smaller, and when the antenna frequency is at a low frequency, the length of the window 11 is correspondingly larger. By setting the window 11 to the above structure, the resonance caused by coupling can be effectively eliminated, thereby improving the antenna performance.

[0057] In this embodiment, to effectively eliminate resonance caused by coupling, the window 11 and the raised portion 31a must maintain a certain relationship to effectively eliminate resonance. Specifically, in the longitudinal direction, the minimum distance between the edge of the window 11 and the edge of the raised portion 31a decreases as the antenna frequency increases. As shown in Figure 5, a represents the edge of the window 11, b represents the edge of the raised portion 31a, and L represents the minimum distance between the two edges. L decreases as the antenna frequency increases. In a specific implementation, when the antenna frequency is high, the minimum distance between the edge of the window 11 and the edge of the raised portion 31a is greater than or equal to 3 mm; when the antenna frequency is low, the minimum distance between the edge of the window 11 and the edge of the raised portion 31a is greater than or equal to 15 mm. As shown in Figure 4, when the antenna frequency is high, L is no less than 3 mm; when the antenna frequency is low, L is no less than 15 mm. High frequency here refers to the antenna frequency of 1965 to 2690 MHz, and low frequency refers to the antenna frequency of 617 to 960 MHz. By ensuring the above relationship between window 11 and raised portion 31a, resonances caused by coupling can be effectively reduced. Figure 7 shows the antenna frequency plots when the minimum distance between the edge of window 11 and the edge of raised portion 31a is 6mm, 21mm, and 31mm, respectively. As can be seen, as the minimum distance increases, the resonance gradually shifts to lower frequencies, and some small resonances gradually disappear. Therefore, by varying the size of window 11, resonances caused by coupling can be effectively eliminated.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the antenna frequency is high, the minimum distance between the edge of window 11 and the edge of raised portion 31a is no less than 6 mm. When the antenna frequency is low, the optimal minimum distance between the edge of window 11 and the edge of raised portion 31a is no less than 30 mm. This distance can be set according to actual needs. Setting the minimum distance within this range effectively reduces resonance caused by coupling within the corresponding frequency band, thereby improving antenna performance.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] As shown in Figure 8, when the radiation unit 20 only includes the radiation oscillator 21, the radiation oscillator 21 is directly electrically connected to the first feeding network 30 through the window 11, that is, the radiation oscillator 21 is electrically connected to the electrical connection portion 31 located in the window 11, so as to realize the electrical connection between the radiation oscillator 21 and the first feeding network 30. The first feeding network 30 can transmit a signal to the radiation oscillator 21, or the radiation oscillator 21 transmits the received signal to the first feeding network 30, so as to further transmit it to the processing unit of the base station through the first feeding network 30. By electrically connecting the first feeding network 30 directly to the radiation oscillator 21 through the electrical connection portion 31, the use of cables can be eliminated, thereby avoiding the problems caused by using cables for connection, such as high antenna loss and complex antenna structure. The structure of the first feeding network 30 here is the same as that in Example 1, and will not be repeated here. When the first feeding network 30 is connected to the radiating element 21 , the feeding conductor 31 b connects the signal processing circuit and the radiating element, and the protrusion 31 a is electrically connected to the ground of the radiating element 21 .

[0061] Furthermore, when the radiating element 21 is coupled to the second feeding network 22, in order to eliminate the resonance caused by the coupling, the window 11 of the reflector 10 must meet certain requirements. Detailed descriptions are given in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] The present invention provides a window on the reflector and an electrical connector protruding into the window on the cavity of the first feed network, allowing the first feed network to be directly electrically connected to the radiating element. This allows the feed network and radiating element on both sides of the reflector to be electrically connected without the use of cables, simplifying the antenna structure while reducing antenna loss. Furthermore, the protrusion in the electrical connector and the feed conductor form an air strip line structure, which allows the first feed network to be directly electrically connected to the radiating element or the second feed network via the electrical connector, further reducing antenna loss and increasing antenna gain.

[0063] Furthermore, the present invention provides a window on the reflector, allowing the raised portion of the electrical connection portion to be directly coupled to the ground of the second feed network or the radiating element, effectively reducing resonance. Furthermore, ensuring that the edge of the window and the edge of the raised portion meet predetermined conditions can further reduce resonance.

[0064] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: It includes a first feeding network, a reflection plate and a radiation unit, wherein the reflection plate is arranged between the first feeding network and the radiation unit, the reflection plate is provided with a window, the first feeding network is provided with an electrical connection part protruding into the window, and the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the radiation unit through the electrical connection part.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation unit includes a radiation oscillator and a second feeding network which are electrically connected, and the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the second feeding network through the electrical connection portion.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The first feeding network includes a cavity and a signal processing circuit arranged in the cavity, the second feeding network includes a conductive part and a grounding part, the electrical connection part includes a protruding part arranged in the cavity and a feeding conductor arranged in the protruding part, the feeding conductor connects the signal processing circuit and the conductive part, and the protruding part is electrically connected to the grounding part.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that The surface of the protrusion facing the radiation unit and the surface of the reflection plate facing the radiation unit are in the same plane to form a mounting surface, and the second feeding network is arranged on the mounting surface.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that A first insulating medium is provided between the cavity and the reflector.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that A second insulating medium is provided between the mounting surface and the grounding portion.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The second insulating medium is liquid photoresist.

8. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that The protrusion is coupled to the grounding portion, and the coupling area is not less than 300 mm 2 .

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that In the width direction of the reflecting plate, the width of the protrusion is not less than 15 mm, and in the length direction of the reflecting plate, the length of the protrusion is not less than 20 mm.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that The width of the protrusion is not less than 20 mm, and the length of the protrusion is not less than 40 mm.

11. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grounding portion is at least partially coupled to the reflection plate.

12. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that In the width direction of the reflecting plate, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protruding portion is not less than 1 mm.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that When the frequency of the antenna is high frequency, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflection plate is not less than 3 mm.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that: In the length direction of the reflective plate, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the boss portion is not less than 6 mm.

15. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that When the frequency of the antenna is low, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protrusion in the length direction of the reflector is not less than 15 mm.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that In the length direction of the reflective plate, the minimum distance between the edge of the window and the edge of the protruding portion is not less than 30 mm.

17. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation unit includes a radiation element, and the first feeding network is directly electrically connected to the radiation element through the electrical connection portion.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that The first feeding network includes a cavity and a signal processing circuit arranged in the cavity, the electrical connection portion includes a protrusion arranged in the cavity and a feeding conductor arranged in the protrusion, the feeding conductor connects the signal processing circuit and the radiating oscillator, and the protrusion is electrically connected to the ground of the radiating oscillator.

19. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: The first feeding network is selected from one of a power divider, a phase shifter, and a combiner.

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