Apparatus and method for diagnosing battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing a battery, whereby the state of the battery can be diagnosed in consideration of overpotential. The apparatus and method for diagnosing a battery according to the present invention diagnose the state of the battery on the basis of a corrected profile obtained by removing overpotential from a battery profile, and thus has the advantage that charging and discharging at a reference C-rate is not required in order to diagnose the state of the battery.

Description

Battery diagnostic device and method

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0115857, filed on August 31, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery diagnosis device and method, and more particularly, to a battery diagnosis device and method capable of diagnosing the state of a battery by considering overpotential.

[0003] Recently, as the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has rapidly increased, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, and satellites has been in full swing, research into high-performance batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively being conducted.

[0004] Currently commercialized batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are receiving attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely, having a very low self-discharge rate, and having a high energy density, as they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries.

[0005] While extensive research is being conducted on these batteries to improve capacity and density, improving lifespan and safety is also crucial. To improve battery safety, technology is required to accurately diagnose the current battery condition.

[0006] Traditionally, battery condition has been diagnosed by analyzing a battery profile, which indicates the relationship between battery capacity and voltage. For example, capacity and voltage are measured during the battery charging process, and the battery condition is diagnosed by analyzing the battery profile, which indicates the relationship between the measured capacity and voltage. Alternatively, battery condition can be diagnosed based on capacity and voltage measured during the battery discharge process.

[0007] Here, to more accurately diagnose the current battery condition, a battery profile that accurately reflects the battery's current condition is required. However, obtaining such a battery profile requires a low-rate charge / discharge, such as 0.05C (C-rate). In other words, because low-rate charge / discharge was previously required to diagnose the battery's condition, diagnosis was limited.

[0008] For example, when charging and discharging a battery at rates exceeding 0.3C, the resulting battery profile may not accurately reflect the battery's current condition due to the overpotential. Because of this, there is concern that using a battery profile that includes overpotential may result in an inaccurate diagnosis of the battery's condition. Therefore, low-rate charging and discharging are required to accurately diagnose the battery's condition.

[0009] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a battery diagnosis device and method capable of diagnosing the state of a battery by considering overvoltage.

[0010] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0011] A battery diagnosis device according to one aspect of the present invention may include: a profile acquisition unit configured to acquire a plurality of battery profiles each indicating a correspondence between voltages and capacities of each of a plurality of batteries; a profile correction unit configured to generate a plurality of correction profiles by correcting the plurality of battery profiles based on a preset overvoltage profile, and to generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each of the batteries by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of the plurality of correction profiles; and a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode starting potential for each of the batteries from the adjusted positive electrode profile, and to diagnose a state of the plurality of batteries based on the extracted plurality of diagnostic factors.

[0012] The above overvoltage profile may be a profile representing a voltage difference by capacity between a battery profile of a reference battery for a reference C-rate and a battery profile of the reference battery for a target C-rate set for the plurality of batteries.

[0013] The above profile correction unit may be configured to generate the plurality of correction profiles by calculating the voltage difference by capacity between each of the plurality of battery profiles and the overvoltage profile.

[0014] The above overvoltage profile can be configured to be pre-saved for each of a plurality of C-rates.

[0015] The above profile correction unit may be configured to select an overvoltage profile corresponding to the target C-rate from among a plurality of pre-stored overvoltage profiles, and generate the plurality of correction profiles using the selected overvoltage profile.

[0016] The control unit may be configured to select a diagnostic factor that falls outside a critical range from among the plurality of diagnostic factors by considering a distribution map for the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of a battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as abnormal.

[0017] The above profile correction unit may be configured to generate a simulation profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile, and to adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the generated simulation profile corresponds to the correction profile, thereby generating the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile.

[0018] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery diagnostic device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0019] A battery manufacturing system according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery diagnostic device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0020] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery diagnostic device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery diagnosis method may include a profile acquisition step of acquiring a plurality of battery profiles each representing a correspondence between a voltage and a capacity of each of a plurality of batteries; a correction profile generation step of generating a plurality of correction profiles by correcting the plurality of battery profiles based on a preset overvoltage profile; a profile adjustment step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each battery by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of the plurality of correction profiles; a diagnostic factor extraction step of extracting a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode starting potential for each of the batteries from the adjusted positive electrode profile; and a status diagnosis step of diagnosing a status of the plurality of batteries based on the extracted plurality of diagnostic factors.

[0022] Since the battery diagnosis device according to the present invention diagnoses the condition of the battery based on a compensation profile in which overvoltage is removed from the battery profile, it has the advantage of not requiring charging and discharging at a reference C-rate in order to diagnose the condition of the battery. In other words, since the condition of the battery can be diagnosed even when charged and discharged at a C-rate other than the reference C-rate, the condition of the battery can be quickly diagnosed without restrictions on the charge and discharge conditions.

[0023] In addition, the battery diagnostic device has the advantage of being able to quickly distinguish and diagnose normal batteries from abnormal batteries by relatively comparing the states of multiple batteries based on the distribution of multiple diagnostic factors.

[0024] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0025] The following drawings attached to this specification serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention described below, and therefore the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the matters described in such drawings.

[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnostic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overvoltage profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a drawing schematically illustrating a correction profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating the distribution of diagnostic factors according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the distribution of diagnostic factors according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIGS. 7 to 14 are drawings for explaining a process in which a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile are adjusted according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining a process of manufacturing a battery cell by a battery manufacturing system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 17 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted as meanings and concepts that conform to the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term to explain his or her own invention in the best possible manner.

[0038] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0039] In addition, when describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description is omitted.

[0040] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used to distinguish one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0041] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0042] Additionally, throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected" but also cases where it is "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0043]

[0044] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0045] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, the battery diagnostic device (100) may include a profile acquisition unit (110), a profile correction unit (120), and a control unit (130).

[0047] The profile acquisition unit (110) may be configured to acquire each of a plurality of battery profiles (BP) indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of each of a plurality of batteries.

[0048] Here, a battery refers to a physically separate, independent cell having a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery may be considered a battery. Furthermore, the battery may be of a cylindrical type, a prismatic type, or a pouch type. Furthermore, a battery may also refer to a battery bank, a battery module, or a battery pack in which multiple cells are connected in series and / or parallel. For convenience of explanation, the term "battery" will be described herein below as referring to a single, independent cell.

[0049] Specifically, a battery profile (BP) is a profile that represents the correspondence between the voltage (V) and the capacity (Q) when the SOC of a battery is charged from 0% to 100%. Conversely, a battery profile (BP) may also represent the correspondence between the voltage (V) and the capacity (Q) when the SOC of a battery is discharged from 100% to 0%. For example, a battery profile (BP) can be generated based on the voltage and capacity while the battery is being charged or discharged at a constant C-rate. Here, the C-rate must be maintained constant while the battery profile (BP) is being generated. That is, once a C-rate for charging and discharging is set, the set C-rate is maintained constant until charging and discharging is completed.

[0050] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive a battery profile (BP) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire a battery profile (BP) by being connected to the outside via wire and / or wirelessly and receiving the battery profile (BP).

[0051] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information regarding the voltage (V) and capacity (Q) of the battery. Furthermore, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate a battery profile (BP) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (BP) by directly generating the battery profile (BP) based on the battery information.

[0052] The profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the profile correction unit (120) so as to be communicable. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the profile correction unit (120) via wire and / or wirelessly. The profile acquisition unit may transmit the acquired battery profile (BP) to the profile correction unit (120).

[0053] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate a plurality of correction profiles (CP) by correcting a plurality of battery profiles (BP) based on a preset overvoltage profile (OP).

[0054] Here, the overvoltage profile (OP) is a profile that represents the correspondence between capacity and overvoltage. For example, the OP is a profile that represents overvoltage according to capacity. Specifically, it may be a profile that represents the voltage difference by capacity between the battery profile of a reference battery for a reference C-rate and the battery profile of a reference battery for a target C-rate set for multiple batteries.

[0055] For example, assume that the reference C-rate is 0.05C and the target C-rate is 0.3C. When the reference battery is charged (or discharged) at 0.05C, a first battery profile can be acquired. When the reference battery is charged (or discharged) at 0.3C, a second battery profile can be acquired. The voltage difference between the first battery profile and the second battery profile for the same capacity can be calculated as an overvoltage. That is, the capacity-dependent overvoltage of the first battery profile and the second battery profile is calculated, and an overvoltage profile (OP) indicating the correspondence between the capacity and the overvoltage can be generated. In general, when a battery is charged or discharged at a C-rate greater than the reference C-rate, the measured voltage of the battery may include an overvoltage. Therefore, by removing the battery profile based on the reference C-rate from the battery profile based on the target C-rate (calculating the voltage difference by capacity), an overvoltage profile (OP) can be generated.

[0056] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overvoltage profile (OP) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Specifically, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an overvoltage profile (OP) generated during the process of discharging a reference battery from a starting capacity (Qi) to an ending capacity (Qf). A first battery profile can be generated by discharging a reference battery from a starting capacity (Qi) to an ending capacity (Qf) at a reference C-rate. In addition, a second battery profile can be generated by discharging a reference battery from a starting capacity (Qi) to an ending capacity (Qf) at a target C-rate. A voltage difference for each discharge capacity between the first battery profile and the second battery profile from the starting capacity (Qi) to the ending capacity (Qf) can be calculated to generate an overvoltage profile (OP).

[0058] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate a plurality of correction profiles (CP) by calculating the voltage difference by capacity between each of a plurality of battery profiles (BP) and an overvoltage profile (OP).

[0059] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can remove the overvoltage profile (OP) from the battery profile (BP). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the difference between the voltage of the battery profile (BP) and the overvoltage of the overvoltage profile (OP) for the same capacity. The profile correction unit (120) can generate the correction profile (CP) by calculating the difference between the voltage of the battery profile (BP) and the overvoltage of the overvoltage profile (OP) at the full capacity. In other words, the correction profile (CP) is a profile from which the overvoltage profile (OP) is removed from the battery profile (BP).

[0060] For example, assume that the overvoltage profile (OP) is a profile based on the voltage difference between the first battery profile of the reference battery for 0.05C and the second battery profile of the reference battery for 0.3C. The compensation profile (CP) generated by the difference between the battery profile (BP) for 0.3C and the overvoltage profile (OP) can be a profile corresponding to 0.05C. That is, since the overvoltage of the overvoltage profile (OP) is removed from the battery profile (BP) for 0.3C, the compensation profile (CP) for 0.05C can be derived.

[0061] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery profile (BP) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a correction profile (CP) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Specifically, the battery profile (BP) of FIG. 3 is a profile obtained when the battery is discharged at a target C-rate from a starting capacity (Qi) to an ending capacity (Qf).

[0063] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the profile correction unit (120) can generate the correction profile (CP) of FIG. 4 by removing the overvoltage profile (OP) of FIG. 2 from the battery profile (BP) of FIG. 3. Here, the target C-rate corresponding to the battery profile (BP) of FIG. 3 and the target C-rate corresponding to the overvoltage profile (OP) of FIG. 2 are the same. That is, the correction profile (CP) can be generated based on the battery profile (BP) and the overvoltage profile (OP) for the same target C-rate.

[0064] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of a plurality of correction profiles (CP) to generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each battery.

[0065] The reference positive electrode profile may be a profile indicating a correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference positive electrode cell preset to correspond to the positive electrode of a battery. For example, the reference positive electrode cell may be a positive coin half cell or a positive electrode of a three-electrode cell. In addition, the reference negative electrode profile may be a profile indicating a correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference negative electrode cell preset to correspond to the negative electrode of a battery. For example, the reference negative electrode cell may be a negative coin half cell or a negative electrode of a three-electrode cell.

[0066] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile to correspond to the correction profile (CP). More specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile to generate an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile. In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile from the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile. The profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the comparison full-cell profile corresponds to the correction profile (CP).

[0067] For example, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile, and can specify a comparison full-cell profile among the plurality of comparison full-cell profiles that has the smallest error with respect to the correction profile (CP). In addition, an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to the specified comparison full-cell profile can be determined.

[0068] In relation to this, a more specific embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) determines the positive electrode profile of the battery by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile so as to correspond to the correction profile (CP) will be described later with reference to FIGS. 7 to 14.

[0069] The control unit (130) may be configured to extract diagnostic factors regarding the positive starting potential for each battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0070] Specifically, the control unit (130) can determine the anode participation start point (pi) from the adjusted anode profile. Then, the control unit (130) can extract the potential of the anode participation start point (pi) as the anode start potential. That is, the anode start potential of the adjusted anode profile can be extracted as a diagnostic factor by the control unit (130).

[0071] For example, the control unit (130) can extract diagnostic factors for each of the plurality of batteries based on the adjusted positive electrode profiles corresponding to each of the plurality of batteries. Note that the diagnostic factors extracted for the plurality of batteries are identical. In other words, the control unit (130) can extract multiple diagnostic factors corresponding to the plurality of batteries.

[0072] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the status of multiple batteries based on the extracted multiple diagnostic factors.

[0073] Specifically, since multiple diagnostic factors are values ​​for the same item, the control unit (130) can distinguish between a normal battery and an abnormal battery by considering the distribution of the multiple diagnostic factors.

[0074] Preferably, the control unit (130) can compare multiple diagnostic factors and a critical range (TH) using a statistical analysis method, and diagnose the battery status as normal or abnormal based on the comparison result.

[0075] For example, the control unit (130) may be configured to select a diagnostic factor that falls outside the critical range (TH) among the plurality of diagnostic factors by considering the distribution of the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as abnormal. Conversely, the control unit (130) may be configured to select a diagnostic factor that falls within the critical range (TH) among the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as normal.

[0076] FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a distribution of diagnostic factors according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the distribution of a plurality of diagnostic factors follows a normal distribution. For example, if the average value of the diagnostic factors is m and the standard deviation is σ, the critical range (TH) can be set to a range greater than or equal to m-2σ and less than or equal to m+2σ. The control unit (130) can divide the plurality of diagnostic factors into diagnostic factors belonging to the critical range (TH) and diagnostic factors not belonging to the critical range (TH). In addition, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the diagnostic factors belonging to the critical range (TH) as normal, and can diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the diagnostic factors not belonging to the critical range (TH) as abnormal.

[0077] In the above, for the convenience of explanation, an example of a critical range (TH) set based on 2σ has been described, but it should be noted that the critical range (TH) is not limited to a range of m-2σ or more and m+2σ or less.

[0078] Since the battery diagnosis device (100) according to the present invention diagnoses the state of the battery based on the correction profile (CP) in which overvoltage is removed from the battery profile (BP), it has the advantage of not being forced to charge and discharge at the reference C-rate in order to diagnose the state of the battery. In other words, since the state of the battery can be diagnosed even if it is charged and discharged at a C-rate other than the reference C-rate, the state of the battery can be quickly diagnosed without restrictions on the charge and discharge conditions.

[0079] In addition, the battery diagnostic device (100) has the advantage of being able to quickly distinguish and diagnose normal batteries and abnormal batteries by relatively comparing the states of multiple batteries based on the distribution of multiple diagnostic factors.

[0080]

[0081] Meanwhile, the control unit (130) provided in the battery diagnostic device (100) may optionally include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, a register, a communication modem, a data processing device, etc. known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. In addition, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit (130) may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit (130). The memory may be located inside or outside the control unit (130) and may be connected to the control unit (130) by various well-known means.

[0082] In addition, the battery diagnostic device (100) may further include a storage unit (140). The storage unit (140) may store data or programs required for each component of the battery diagnostic device (100) to perform operations and functions, or data generated in the process of performing operations and functions. The storage unit (140) is not particularly limited in type as long as it is a known information storage means known to be capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage means may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, etc. In addition, the storage unit (140) may store program codes defining processes executable by the control unit (130).

[0083] For example, the storage unit (140) can store a plurality of battery profiles (BP), an overvoltage profile (OP), a plurality of correction profiles (CP), a reference positive profile, a reference negative profile, an adjusted positive profile, an adjusted negative profile, and a plurality of diagnostic factors.

[0084]

[0085] Below, a comparison is provided between a conventional battery status diagnosis method and a battery status diagnosis method using a battery diagnosis device (100).

[0086] For example, if a low-rate charge / discharge of 0.05C is enforced to acquire a battery profile (BP) as in the conventional method, it can take approximately 20 hours just to acquire the BP. Furthermore, diagnosing the battery's condition based on the acquired BP can also take additional time. In other words, because the conventional method requires a significant amount of time to acquire a battery profile (BP), it is difficult to quickly diagnose the battery's condition.

[0087] On the other hand, if the battery is charged and discharged at 0.3C as in one embodiment of the present invention, the battery profile (BP) can be acquired in about 3 hours. That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the time required to acquire the battery profile (BP) can be drastically reduced compared to the conventional method. However, since the battery profile (BP) acquired in this manner includes overvoltage, the battery diagnosis device (100) can generate a correction profile (CP) by removing the overvoltage from the battery profile (BP) and diagnose the state of the battery according to the generated correction profile (CP). Therefore, even considering the additional time required in the process of generating the correction profile (CP) and the process of diagnosing the state of the battery, the battery diagnosis device (100) has the advantage of being able to diagnose the state of the battery very quickly compared to the conventional method.

[0088]

[0089] An overvoltage profile (OP) can be configured to be pre-stored for each of multiple C-rates.

[0090] Specifically, multiple overvoltage profiles (OPs) are provided, and the C-rates corresponding to each of the multiple overvoltage profiles (OPs) may be different. For example, based on a unit C-rate, an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to each C-rate may be stored in advance.

[0091] In addition, an overvoltage profile (OP) for a C-rate that has not been experimentally obtained can be obtained and stored through interpolation or extrapolation between similar overvoltage profiles (OP). Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can generate overvoltage profiles (OP) for various C-rates in addition to the pre-stored overvoltage profiles (OP) through interpolation or extrapolation, and store the generated overvoltage profiles (OP) in the storage unit (140). For example, if an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to 1C and an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to 1.2C are pre-stored, an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to 1.1C can be further obtained based on the difference between the two overvoltage profiles (OP).

[0092] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to select an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to the target C-rate from among a plurality of pre-stored overvoltage profiles (OP).

[0093] Here, the target C-rate is the C-rate set for the battery. For example, if multiple battery profiles (BP) are acquired during the process of charging multiple batteries at 0.3C, the target C-rate is 0.3C. The profile correction unit (120) can select an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to 0.3C from among the multiple overvoltage profiles (OP).

[0094] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate a plurality of correction profiles (CP) using the selected overvoltage profile (OP).

[0095] For example, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a plurality of correction profiles (CP) by calculating the difference between each of a plurality of battery profiles (BP) and a selected overvoltage profile (OP). That is, the profile correction unit (120) can obtain a plurality of correction profiles (CP) from which overvoltage is commonly removed.

[0096] Since overvoltage corresponds to noise, the current state of the battery may not be accurately reflected in the battery profile (BP) including the overvoltage. Therefore, the battery diagnosis device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can remove the overvoltage included in the battery profile (BP) by using the overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to the target C-rate. That is, the battery diagnosis device (100) has the advantage of being able to more accurately diagnose the state of the battery based on the correction profile (CP) from which the overvoltage has been removed.

[0097] For example, it is assumed that a battery and a battery diagnostic device (100) are installed in a final application. Here, the final application refers to a final product to which the battery diagnostic device (100) can be applied, and may include a motorcycle, an automobile, or an energy storage system (ESS). That is, the battery diagnostic device (100) may be an on-board diagnostic device installed in the final application. In this case, the C-rate for the battery may not be included in the multiple C-rates corresponding to the pre-stored overvoltage profile (OP).

[0098] That is, in the final application, when the battery is actually operated, the C-rate for the battery may change due to various environmental factors. Therefore, the C-rate for the battery may not be included in the multiple C-rates corresponding to the pre-stored overvoltage profile (OP). In this case, if the overvoltage included in the battery profile (BP) is removed based on the battery profile (BP) and overvoltage profile (OP) with different C-rates, the generated compensation profile (CP) may not accurately reflect the battery's condition.

[0099] Accordingly, if the C-rate for the battery is not included in the plurality of C-rates, the profile correction unit (120) determines two C-rates adjacent to the C-rate for the battery among the plurality of C-rates, and interpolates the overvoltage profiles corresponding to the determined C-rates, thereby generating an overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to the C-rate for the battery. In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a correction profile (CP) by removing the overvoltage included in the battery profile (BP) based on the battery profile (BP) and the generated overvoltage profile (OP).

[0100]

[0101] Meanwhile, multiple overvoltage profiles (charge overvoltage profiles) corresponding to the charge C-rate and multiple overvoltage profiles (discharge overvoltage profiles) corresponding to the discharge C-rate can be stored in advance. That is, multiple charge overvoltage profiles and multiple discharge overvoltage profiles can be stored independently.

[0102] Typically, batteries exhibit hysteresis during charge and discharge, so even at the same voltage, the charge and discharge capacities can differ. Therefore, to more accurately diagnose a battery's condition, it is desirable to store multiple overvoltage profiles (OPs) based on the charge C-rate and discharge C-rate.

[0103] The control unit (130) can determine a charge / discharge process (charge process or discharge process) corresponding to the battery profile (BP). For example, the control unit (130) can determine the charge / discharge process of the battery profile (BP) by comparing the size of the start capacity and the end capacity. In addition, the control unit (130) can select a corresponding overvoltage profile (OP) based on the determined charge / discharge process and the target C-rate.

[0104] A battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can more accurately diagnose the status of multiple batteries by selecting an overvoltage profile (OP) considering a target C-rate and a charge / discharge process.

[0105]

[0106] Below, examples of positive factors, negative factors, and positive-negative factors are described.

[0107] The positive electrode factor may include at least one of the positive electrode starting potential, positive electrode ending potential, positive electrode change ratio and positive electrode loading of the battery based on the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0108] The anode start potential is the starting potential of the adjusted anode profile, and the anode end potential is the ending potential of the adjusted anode profile. Specifically, the anode start potential is the potential value of the anode participation initiation point (pi) of the adjusted anode profile. The anode end potential is the potential value of the anode participation end point (pf) of the adjusted anode profile.

[0109] The anode change ratio (ps) may refer to the change ratio [%] of the adjusted anode profile with respect to the reference anode profile. Specifically, the anode change ratio (ps) may be the contraction ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted anode profile with respect to the reference anode profile. For example, if the adjusted anode profile is contracted by 10% from the reference anode profile, the anode change ratio (ps) is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted anode profile is expanded by 10% from the reference anode profile, the anode change ratio (ps) is 110%.

[0110] The positive electrode loading (p_loading) refers to the amount of positive electrode active material coated on the positive electrode current collector. Since the adjusted positive electrode profile is a profile indicating the current state of the positive electrode of the battery, the control unit (130) can calculate the positive electrode loading (p_loading) based on the adjusted positive electrode profile. Specifically, the control unit (130) can calculate the positive electrode loading (p_loading) by considering the positive electrode change rate (ps), a preset reference positive electrode capacity, and a preset reference area. Here, the reference positive electrode capacity may refer to the capacity of a preset reference positive electrode cell. The reference area may refer to the area of ​​a preset reference positive electrode cell. Specifically, the control unit (130) can calculate the positive electrode loading (p_loading) based on the positive electrode change rate (ps), the reference positive electrode capacity, and the reference area using the following Equation 1.

[0111] [Formula 1]

[0112]

[0113] Here, p_loading represents the anode loading amount, and ps represents the anode change rate. Q rc represents the reference anode capacity, and A pc represents the reference area.

[0114] The negative factor may include at least one of a negative starting potential, a negative ending potential, a negative change ratio, and a negative loading of the battery based on the adjusted negative profile.

[0115] The cathode start potential is the start potential of the adjusted cathode profile, and the cathode end potential is the end potential of the adjusted cathode profile. Specifically, the cathode start potential is the potential value of the cathode participation initiation point (ni) of the adjusted cathode profile. The cathode end potential is the potential value of the cathode participation end point (nf) of the adjusted cathode profile.

[0116] The cathode change ratio (ns) may refer to the change ratio [%] of the adjusted cathode profile with respect to the reference cathode profile. Specifically, the cathode change ratio (ns) may be a shrinkage ratio or an expansion ratio of the adjusted cathode profile with respect to the reference cathode profile. For example, if the adjusted cathode profile is contracted by 10% from the reference cathode profile, the cathode change ratio (ns) is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted cathode profile is expanded by 10% from the reference cathode profile, the cathode change ratio (ns) is 110%.

[0117] The negative electrode loading amount (n_loading) refers to the amount of negative electrode active material coated on the negative electrode current collector. Since the adjusted negative electrode profile is a profile indicating the current state of the negative electrode of the battery, the control unit (130) can calculate the negative electrode loading amount (n_loading) based on the adjusted negative electrode profile. Specifically, the control unit (130) can calculate the negative electrode loading amount (n_loading) by considering the negative electrode change rate (ns), a preset reference negative electrode capacity, and a preset reference area. Here, the reference negative electrode capacity may refer to the capacity of a preset reference negative electrode cell. The reference area may refer to the area of ​​a preset reference negative electrode cell. Specifically, the control unit (130) can calculate the negative electrode loading amount (n_loading) based on the negative electrode change rate (ns), the reference negative electrode capacity, and the reference area by using the following Equation 2.

[0118] [Formula 2]

[0119]

[0120] Here, n_loading represents the cathode loading amount, and ns represents the cathode change rate. Q ra represents the reference cathode capacity, and A pa represents the reference area.

[0121] The positive and negative factors may include the NP ratio based on the positive and negative loadings.

[0122] Specifically, the NP ratio refers to the ratio of the positive electrode loading to the negative electrode loading. For example, the control unit (130) can calculate the NP ratio using the following equation 3.

[0123] [Formula 3]

[0124]

[0125] Here, np ratio is the NP ratio, p-loading is the anode loading according to Equation 1, and n-loading is the cathode loading according to Equation 2.

[0126]

[0127] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the distribution of diagnostic factors according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] Specifically, Fig. 6 is a profile showing the distribution of multiple anode starting potentials. As in the previous example, Fig. 6 assumes that a range of two standard deviations from the mean value is set as the critical range (TH).

[0129] The control unit (130) can extract diagnostic factors for one diagnostic item for multiple batteries and diagnose the status of multiple batteries based on the distribution of the extracted diagnostic factors.

[0130] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the item of interest may be selected as a positive starting potential. The control unit (130) may extract a positive starting potential from a plurality of adjusted positive profiles for a plurality of batteries. Then, the control unit (130) may select a positive starting potential that falls outside a threshold range (TH) among the plurality of positive starting potentials. That is, the control unit (130) may select a positive starting potential that exceeds an upper limit (m+2σ) of the threshold range (TH) or is lower than a lower limit (m-2σ) of the threshold range (TH). Then, the control unit (130) may diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected positive starting potential as an abnormal state. Conversely, the control unit (130) may diagnose the states of the remaining batteries as normal states.

[0131] A battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can extract diagnostic factors for items of interest and diagnose the status of multiple batteries based on the extracted diagnostic factors. Accordingly, the battery diagnostic device (100) can not only quickly diagnose the status of a battery based on a compensation profile (CP) with overvoltage removed, but also has the advantage of being able to diagnose the status of the battery more specifically for each subdivided item.

[0132]

[0133] Below, an embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) adjusts the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile is specifically described.

[0134] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile based on a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile.

[0135] Specifically, a comparison full-cell profile can be generated based on the voltage difference between the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile for each capacity. For example, it is assumed that the voltage of the reference positive electrode profile corresponding to any capacity x is Vp, and the voltage of the reference negative electrode profile is Vn. The voltage of the comparison full-cell profile corresponding to the capacity X can be calculated as "Vp-Vn". The profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile by calculating the voltage difference between the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile for the entire capacity.

[0136] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile by adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the generated comparison full-cell profile corresponds to the correction profile (CP).

[0137] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error between the comparison full-cell profile and the correction profile (CP). Then, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile until the error between the comparison full-cell profile and the correction profile (CP) becomes minimal. When the comparison full-cell profile that minimizes the error with the correction profile (CP) is determined, the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile, which serve as the basis for the determined comparison full-cell profile, can be estimated as the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile that represent the current state of the battery. With the current technology, there is a problem in that the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile that represent the current state of the battery cannot be directly obtained without directly disassembling the battery. Therefore, the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile, which serve as the basis for the comparison full-cell profile determined through the adjustment process, can be strongly estimated as the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile that reflect the current state of the battery.

[0138]

[0139] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 7 to 14, an embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) adjusts the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile will be described in more detail.

[0140] Figures 7 to 14 are diagrams illustrating a process for adjusting a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile according to one embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a correction profile (CP) according to one embodiment of the present invention is described as a measurement full-cell profile (M).

[0141] Fig. 7 is a graph for reference in explaining an example of each of a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn). In the graph of Fig. 7, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (Ah) and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (V).

[0142] Fig. 8 is a graph used as a reference to explain an example of a measured full cell profile (M) of a target battery. In the graph of Fig. 8, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (capacity, Ah) and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (voltage, V).

[0143] The profile correction unit (120) may be configured to compare the measured full-cell profile (M) with at least one comparison full-cell profile. Here, the comparison full-cell profile may be a result of synthesizing (combining) an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile based on each of the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) stored in the storage unit (140).

[0144] That is, when the reference full-cell profile (R) is the result of subtracting a portion of the reference cathode profile (Rn) from a portion of the reference anode profile (Rp), the comparison full-cell profile can be said to be the result of subtracting a portion of the adjusted cathode profile from a portion of the adjusted anode profile.

[0145] The profile correction unit (120) can generate at least one comparative full-cell profile by directly adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). Alternatively, the at least one comparative full-cell profile can be secured in advance based on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) and stored in the storage unit (140). In this case, the profile correction unit (120) can also obtain the comparative full-cell profile by accessing the storage unit (140) and reading it.

[0146] The profile correction unit (120) can generate multiple comparison full-cell profiles from the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) by repeating the adjustment procedure of adjusting each of the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) to several levels and then synthesizing them. The comparison full-cell profile may also be referred to as an 'adjusted reference full-cell profile'.

[0147] The profile correction unit (120) can specify one comparison full-cell profile among a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles that has the smallest error with respect to the measured full-cell profile (M).

[0148] Next, the profile correction unit (120) can determine that the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile mapped to the specified comparison full-cell profile are the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery. In the following, it is noted that the positive electrode profile is the finally determined adjusted positive electrode profile, and the negative electrode profile is the finally determined adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0149] In this regard, various methods known at the time of filing of the present invention can be employed to determine the error between two profiles, each expressible in a two-dimensional coordinate system. For example, the absolute integral of the area between the two profiles or the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) can be used as the error between the two profiles.

[0150] According to this configuration of the present invention, various state information about the battery can be obtained based on the finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles. The finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles may be mapped to a comparative full-cell profile mapped with a minimum error. In particular, the comparative full-cell profile based on the finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles can be said to be nearly identical to the measured full-cell profile (M) in terms of shape, etc.

[0151] Therefore, according to the present invention, the positive electrode profile and negative electrode profile of the battery can be obtained without disassembling the battery.

[0152] If the battery is a new battery, the positive and negative profiles of the battery can be analyzed to more easily diagnose whether the battery is defective and, if so, what type of defect it is.

[0153] If the battery is in use after being verified as good, the battery's positive and negative profiles can be used to determine the extent of battery degradation for each degradation item.

[0154] Moreover, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery can be obtained in a simple manner. The present invention can be implemented even if only one reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and one reference negative electrode profile (Rn) are stored in the storage unit (140). That is, there is no need to store multiple reference positive electrode profiles (Rp) and / or multiple reference negative electrode profiles (Rn) in the storage unit (140). Accordingly, there is no need for the storage capacity of the storage unit (140) to be high, and there is no need to conduct numerous preliminary tests required to secure multiple reference positive electrode profiles (Rp) and / or multiple reference negative electrode profiles (Rn).

[0155]

[0156] FIGS. 9 to 11 are drawings for reference in explaining an example of a procedure for generating a comparison full-cell profile used for comparison with a measurement full-cell profile (M) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0157] The procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, proceeds in the following order: a first routine (see FIG. 9) for setting four points (positive engagement start point, positive engagement end point, negative engagement start point, negative engagement end point) to correspond to a voltage range of interest, a second routine (see FIG. 10) for performing profile shifting, and a third routine (see FIG. 11) for performing capacity scaling. That is, the procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the first to third routines.

[0158] First, referring to FIG. 9, the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in FIG. 7.

[0159] The profile correction unit (120) determines the positive participation start point (pi), the positive participation end point (pf), the negative participation start point (ni), and the negative participation end point (nf) on the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn).

[0160] Either the positive engagement initiation point (pi) or the negative engagement initiation point (ni) depends on the other.

[0161] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the anode voltage range from the starting point to the ending point (or the second set voltage) of the reference anode profile (Rp) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as anode participation start point (pi). Each micro-voltage section may have a predetermined size (e.g., 0.01 V). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the reference cathode profile (Rn) that is smaller than the anode participation start point (pi) by the first set voltage (e.g., 3 V) as a cathode participation start point (ni).

[0162] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference negative profile (Rn) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the negative participation start point (ni). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is greater than the negative participation start point (ni) by a first set voltage from the reference positive profile (Rp), and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi).

[0163] Either the positive engagement end point (pf) or the negative engagement end point (nf) depends on the other.

[0164] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the positive electrode participation end point (pf). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set the point on the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) that is smaller by the second set voltage (e.g., 4 V) than the positive electrode participation end point (pf) as the negative electrode participation end point (nf).

[0165] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference negative profile (Rn) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation end point (nf). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point from the reference positive profile (Rp) that is greater than the negative participation end point (nf) by a second set voltage, and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf).

[0166] Once the determination of the positive participation start point (pi), positive participation end point (pf), negative participation start point (ni), and negative participation end point (nf) is completed, the profile correction unit (120) shifts at least one of the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) to the left or right along the horizontal axis.

[0167] Referring to FIG. 10, the profile correction unit (120) can shift the reference anode profile (Rp) and / or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the capacitance values ​​of the anode participation start point (pi) and the cathode participation start point (ni) match.

[0168] Alternatively, the profile correction unit (120) can shift the reference anode profile (Rp) and / or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the voltages of the anode participation end point (pf) and the cathode participation end point (nf) match.

[0169] Figure 10 illustrates a situation where only the reference anode profile (Rp) is shifted to the left to generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'), resulting in the voltage of the anode engagement initiation point (pi') matching the voltage of the cathode engagement initiation point (ni). The adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the result of applying an adjustment procedure to the reference anode profile (Rp) that shifts to the left by the voltage difference between the anode engagement initiation point (pi) and the cathode engagement initiation point (ni). Therefore, the two points (pi, pi') differ only in capacitance and have the same voltage. The two points (pf, pf') differ only in capacitance and have the same voltage.

[0170] When the adjustment result profiles (Rp', Rn) in which at least one of the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) is shifted are secured, the profile correction unit (120) scales the capacity range of at least one of the adjustment result profiles (Rp', Rn).

[0171] According to the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the profile correction unit (120) performs an additional adjustment procedure to contract or expand at least one of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the reference cathode profile (Rn) along the horizontal axis.

[0172] Referring to FIG. 11, the profile correction unit (120) can generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') by shrinking or expanding the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') so that the size of the capacity range between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') matches the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M). At this time, one of the two points (pi', pf') can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') can match the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M).

[0173] In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can generate an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') by shrinking or expanding the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the size of the capacity range between two points (ni, nf) of the reference cathode profile (Rn) matches the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M). At this time, one of the two points (ni, nf) can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can match the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M).

[0174] In Fig. 11, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') is a result of shrinking the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') shown in Fig. 8, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is a result of expanding the reference cathode profile (Rn) shown in Fig. 10.

[0175] The positive participation endpoint (pf'') on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'') corresponds to the positive participation endpoint (pf) on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'). The negative participation endpoint (nf') on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') corresponds to the negative participation endpoint (nf) on the reference negative profile (Rn).

[0176] The capacity difference between the positive engagement start point (pi') and the positive engagement end point (pf'') of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp'') corresponds to the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M). Similarly, the capacity difference between the negative engagement start point (ni) and the negative engagement end point (nf') of the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn') corresponds to the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M).

[0177] In addition, the capacity range by two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp'') matches the capacity range by two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn'). The profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile (S) by subtracting the profile between the two points (pi, pf') of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp'') from the profile between the two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn').

[0178] The profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error (profile error) between the comparison full-cell profile (S) and the measurement full-cell profile (M). When the error between the comparison full-cell profile (S) and the measurement full-cell profile (M) is minimized, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') corresponding to the comparison full-cell profile (S) can be determined as the adjusted anode profile, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can be determined as the adjusted cathode profile.

[0179] The profile correction unit (120) can record in the storage unit (140) at least two of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp''), the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn'), the positive electrode participation start point (pi'), the positive electrode participation end point (pf''), the negative electrode participation start point (ni), the negative electrode participation end point (nf'), the first scale factor, the second scale factor, the comparative full-cell profile (S), and the profile error by mutually mapping them. The first scale factor can represent a ratio of the capacity difference between two points (pi', pf'') to the capacity difference between two points (pi0, pf0). The second scale factor can represent a ratio of the capacity difference between two points (ni, nf') to the capacity difference between two points (ni0, nf0).

[0180] Here, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the positive change ratio (ps) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'') with respect to the reference positive profile (Rp). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the negative change ratio (ns) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rn') with respect to the reference negative profile (Rn). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can determine the first scale factor as the positive change ratio (ps) and the second scale factor as the negative change ratio (ns).

[0181]

[0182] Meanwhile, as described above, when the anode voltage range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections can be set as the anode participation start point (pi).

[0183] For example, if the anode voltage range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 100 microvoltage ranges, there may be 100 boundary points that can be set as anode participation start points (pi). Furthermore, if the voltage range that is higher than the second set voltage in the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 40 microvoltage ranges, there may be 40 boundary points that can be set as anode participation end points (pf). In this case, up to 4,000 different comparison full-cell profiles can be generated.

[0184] Of course, those skilled in the art will easily understand that as the size of the micro-voltage section decreases, the number of comparative full-cell profiles that can be generated at maximum increases, and conversely, as the size of the micro-voltage section increases, the number of comparative full-cell profiles that can be generated at maximum decreases.

[0185] The profile correction unit (120) can identify the minimum value among the profile errors of the plurality of comparative full-cell profiles generated as described above, and then obtain information mapped to the minimum profile error (e.g., at least one of the positive participation start point (pi), positive participation end point (pf), negative participation start point (ni), negative participation end point (nf), positive change rate (ps), and negative change rate (ns)) from the storage unit (140).

[0186]

[0187] FIGS. 12 to 14 are drawings for reference in explaining another example of a procedure for generating a comparison full-cell profile used for comparison with a measured full-cell profile (M) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that the embodiments according to FIGS. 12 to 14 are independent from the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 11. Therefore, terms or symbols commonly described in describing the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 11 and the embodiments according to FIGS. 12 to 14 should be understood as being limited to each embodiment.

[0188] The procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14, proceeds in the following order: a fourth routine for performing capacity scaling (see FIG. 12), a fifth routine for setting four points (positive participation start point, positive participation end point, negative participation start point, negative participation end point), and a sixth routine for performing profile shifting (see FIG. 14). That is, the procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the fourth to sixth routines.

[0189] Referring to Fig. 12, the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in Fig. 7.

[0190] The profile correction unit (120) applies a first scale factor and a second scale factor selected from a scaling value range to the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn), respectively, to generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn').

[0191] The scaling value range may be predetermined or may vary depending on the ratio of the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) to the size of the capacity range of the reference full-cell profile (R). For example, when values ​​spaced by 0.1% of the scaling value range (e.g., 90-99%) (i.e., 90%, 90.1%, 90.2%, …, 98.9%, 99%) can be selected as the first scale factor and the second scale factor, 91 values ​​can be selected as the first scale factor and the second scale factor, respectively. In this case, a maximum of 8,281 adjusted profile pairs can be generated according to 91×91=8,281 adjustment levels (combinations of the first scale factor and the second scale factor). An adjusted profile pair means a combination of an adjusted reference positive profile and an adjusted reference negative profile.

[0192] The adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') illustrated in FIG. 12 illustrate the results of applying a first scale factor and a second scale factor, each less than 100%, to the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn), respectively.

[0193] Since the first scale factor and the second scale factor are less than 100%, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the reference anode profile (Rp) shrunk along the horizontal axis, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is also the reference cathode profile (Rn) shrunk along the horizontal axis. To facilitate understanding, the starting points of each of the anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are fixed, and only the remaining portion is shrunk to the left along the horizontal axis.

[0194]

[0195] Referring to FIG. 13, the profile correction unit (120) determines the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni'), and the negative participation end point (nf') on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn').

[0196] Either the positive engagement start point (pi') or the negative engagement start point (ni') may depend on the other. Furthermore, either the positive engagement end point (pf') or the negative engagement end point (nf') may depend on the other. Furthermore, either the positive engagement start point (pi') or the positive engagement end point (pf') may be set based on the other.

[0197] That is, when any one of the positive engagement start point (pi'), positive engagement end point (pf'), negative engagement start point (ni') and negative engagement end point (nf') is set, the remaining three points can be automatically set by the size of the capacity range of the first set voltage, the second set voltage and / or the measured full cell profile (M) (e.g., charge capacity of 0 to 100% of SOC).

[0198] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the anode voltage range from the starting point to the ending point (or the second set voltage) of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the anode participation start point (pi'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set the point on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn) that is smaller by the first set voltage (e.g., 3 V) than the anode participation start point (pi') as the cathode participation start point (ni').

[0199] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation start point (ni'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point from the reference positive profile (Rp) that is larger by a first set voltage than the negative participation start point (ni'), and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi').

[0200] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the positive participation end point (pf'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point in the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that is smaller than the positive participation end point (pf') by the second set voltage (e.g., 4 V), and set the searched point as the negative participation end point (nf').

[0201] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation end point (nf'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is larger than the negative participation end point (nf') by a second set voltage from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'), and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf').

[0202]

[0203] The profile correction unit (120) can additionally determine the remaining three points based on the determined point when one of the positive participation start point (pi'), positive participation end point (pf'), negative participation start point (ni'), and negative participation end point (nf') is determined.

[0204] For example, if the positive participation start point (pi') is first determined, the profile correction unit (120) can set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the positive participation start point (pi') by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) as the positive participation end point (pf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can search for a point that is lower than the positive participation start point (pi') by a first set voltage from the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') and set the searched point as the negative participation start point (ni'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the negative participation start point (ni') by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) as the negative participation end point (nf').

[0205] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) than the capacity value of the positive electrode participation end point (pf') when the positive electrode participation end point (pf') is first determined, as the positive electrode participation start point (pi'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is lower by a second set voltage than the positive electrode participation end point (pf') from the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn'), and set the searched point as the negative electrode participation end point (nf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation end point (nf') as the negative electrode participation start point (ni').

[0206] As another example, when the negative participation start point (ni') is determined, the profile correction unit (120) can set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the negative participation start point (ni') by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) as the negative participation end point (nf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can search for a point higher than the negative participation start point (ni') by a first set voltage from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the positive participation start point (pi') by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) as the positive participation end point (pf').

[0207] As another example, when the negative participation end point (nf') is determined, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) than the capacity value of the negative participation end point (nf') as the negative participation start point (ni'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point higher by a second set voltage than the negative participation end point (nf') from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile (M) than the capacity value of the positive participation end point (pf') as the positive participation start point (pi').

[0208]

[0209] When the determination of the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni'), and the negative participation end point (nf') is completed based on the pair of the first scale factor and the second scale factor, the profile correction unit (120) can shift at least one of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') along the horizontal axis so that the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni') match, or so that the capacity values ​​of the positive participation end point (pf') and the negative participation end point (nf') match.

[0210] The adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') illustrated in Fig. 14 is only the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') illustrated in Fig. 13 shifted to the right. Accordingly, the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni'') are matched with each other. In this regard, since the capacity difference between the positive participation start point (pi') and the positive participation end point (pf') is the same as the capacity difference between the negative participation start point (ni') and the negative participation end point (nf'), when the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni'') are matched with each other, the capacity values ​​of the positive participation end point (pf') and the negative participation end point (nf') are also matched with each other.

[0211] Referring to FIG. 14, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile (U) by subtracting the partial profile between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') from the partial profile between two points (ni'', nf'') of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn'').

[0212] The profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error (profile error) between the comparison full-cell profile (U) and the measurement full-cell profile (M). When the error between the comparison full-cell profile (U) and the measurement full-cell profile (M) is minimized, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') corresponding to the comparison full-cell profile (U) can be determined as the adjusted anode profile, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') can be determined as the adjusted cathode profile.

[0213] The profile correction unit (120) can mutually map at least two of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'), the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn''), the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni''), the negative participation end point (nf''), the positive change rate (ps), the negative change rate (ns), the comparison full-cell profile (U), and the profile error, and record them in the storage unit (140).

[0214] Here, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the positive change ratio (ps) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') with respect to the reference positive profile (Rp). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the negative change ratio (ns) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rn'') with respect to the reference negative profile (Rn). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can determine the first scale factor as the positive change ratio (ps) and the second scale factor as the negative change ratio (ns).

[0215] As described above, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile corresponding to each pair of the first scale factor and the second scale factor selected from the scaling value range. Since there are multiple pairs of the first scale factor and the second scale factor, it is obvious that a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles will also be generated. The profile correction unit (120) can identify a minimum value among the profile errors of the multiple comparison full-cell profiles, and then obtain information mapped to the minimum profile error from the storage unit (140).

[0216]

[0217] The battery diagnostic device (100) according to the present invention is connected to a display device (not shown) and can output information about a battery diagnosed as being in an abnormal state. This allows information about a battery diagnosed as being in an abnormal state to be displayed on the display device.

[0218] The battery diagnostic device (100) according to the present invention is connected to an alarm device (not shown) and can output information on a battery diagnosed as being in an abnormal state, thereby operating the alarm device.

[0219] The battery diagnosis device (100) according to the present invention can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS according to the present invention can include the battery diagnosis device (100) described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery diagnosis device (100) can be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the components included in a conventional BMS. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile correction unit (120), the control unit (130), and the storage unit (140) of the battery diagnosis device (100) can be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0220] In addition, the battery diagnostic device (100) according to the present invention may be installed in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention may include the battery diagnostic device (100) described above and one or more battery cells. In addition, the battery pack may further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case, etc.

[0221] FIG. 15 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack (1) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0222] The positive terminal of the battery (10) can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (1), and the negative terminal of the battery (10) can be connected to the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (1).

[0223] The measuring unit (20) can be connected to the positive terminal and negative terminal of the battery (10). In addition, the measuring unit (20) can measure the positive potential and negative potential of the battery (10) and calculate the difference between the positive potential and negative potential to measure the voltage of the battery (10).

[0224] And, the measuring unit (20) can be connected to a current measuring unit (A). For example, the current measuring unit (A) can be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of the battery (10). The measuring unit (20) can measure the charging current of the battery (10) using the current measuring unit (A) to calculate the charging amount. In addition, the measuring unit (20) can measure the discharging current of the battery (10) through the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the discharging amount.

[0225] For example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery (10) measured by the measuring unit (20) can be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit (110). Then, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly generate a battery profile (BP) based on the received information about the voltage and capacity.

[0226] As another example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery (10) measured by the measuring unit (20) can be stored in the storage unit (140). When charging or discharging of the battery (10) is completed, the profile acquisition unit (110) can access the storage unit (140) to acquire the battery profile (BP).

[0227] As another example, the measuring unit (20) may directly generate a battery profile (BP) based on information regarding the voltage and capacity of the measured battery (10). In this case, the generated battery profile (BP) may be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit (110) and also stored in the storage unit (140).

[0228] A charging / discharging device or load can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (1).

[0229]

[0230] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a process for manufacturing a battery cell using a battery manufacturing system according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 16 is a diagram schematically illustrating the activation process of a manufactured battery cell over time.

[0231] Referring to Figure 16, the aging process is performed in the first stage from time t0 to time t1. Here, the aging process refers to the process of leaving the battery cell under specific conditions. In the first stage, the electrolyte may be impregnated.

[0232] The first charge is performed in the second stage from time t1 to time t2. In the second stage, a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer can be formed on the cathode.

[0233] In the third stage, from time point t2 to time point t3, a high-temperature aging process is performed. For example, in the third stage, aging is performed at a high temperature of 60°C, and the film layer formed in the second stage can be stabilized.

[0234] The degasing process takes place in the fourth stage, from time t3 to time t4. During this stage, gases contained within the battery cells can be removed.

[0235] In the fifth stage, from time t4 to time t5, a charging process of the battery cell is performed. In the sixth stage, from time t5 to time t6, a discharging process of the battery cell is performed. Here, the fifth and sixth stages can be collectively referred to as a capacity inspection process of the battery cell. Generally, the sixth stage is a stage for detecting defects in a battery cell while discharging a fully charged battery cell, and is a process stage for discharging the battery cell at a discharge C-rate determined in consideration of the inspection time and inspection accuracy. For example, in the sixth stage, the battery cell is discharged at 0.3C, and a battery profile (BP) for capacity and voltage can be acquired during the discharge process. In addition, whether or not the battery cell is defective can be detected based on the acquired battery profile (BP).

[0236] In the 7th stage from time point t6 to time point t7, the shipping charging process for shipping the battery cells is carried out.

[0237] A battery diagnosis device (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention can obtain a battery profile (BP) generated in the discharge process of the sixth step. In addition, by removing the overvoltage included in the battery profile (BP) using the overvoltage profile (OP) corresponding to the target C-rate set in the discharge process, a correction profile (CP) for a plurality of battery cells can be obtained. In addition, the battery diagnosis device (100) can diagnose the status of a plurality of battery cells based on the plurality of correction profiles (CP). That is, the battery diagnosis device (100) can be used in the activation process step of the battery cell, thereby quickly and accurately diagnosing whether the manufactured battery cell is defective. In particular, since the battery diagnosis device (100) diagnoses the status of the battery cell after removing the overvoltage that may be included in the battery profile (BP) obtained in the capacity inspection process, it has the advantage of being able to detect defective battery cells more accurately.

[0238]

[0239] FIG. 17 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0240] Referring to FIG. 17, a battery pack (1710) according to an embodiment of the present invention may be included in a vehicle (1700), such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). Furthermore, the battery pack (1710) may drive the vehicle (1700) by supplying power to a motor through an inverter provided in the vehicle (1700). Here, the battery pack (1710) may include a battery diagnostic device (100). That is, the vehicle (1700) may include a battery diagnostic device (100). In this case, the battery diagnostic device (100) may be an onboard diagnostic device included in the vehicle (1700).

[0241]

[0242] FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0243] The battery diagnosis method may include a profile acquisition step (S100), a correction profile generation step (S200), a profile adjustment step (S300), a diagnostic factor extraction step (S400), and a status diagnosis step (S500).

[0244] Preferably, each step of the battery diagnosis method can be performed by the battery diagnosis device (100). In the following, for convenience of explanation, any content that overlaps with the previously described content will be omitted or briefly described.

[0245] The profile acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring each of a plurality of battery profiles (BP) indicating the correspondence between the voltage and capacity of each of a plurality of batteries, and can be performed by the profile acquisition unit (110).

[0246] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive a battery profile (BP) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire a battery profile (BP) by being connected to the outside via wire and / or wirelessly and receiving the battery profile (BP).

[0247] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information regarding the voltage (V) and capacity (Q) of the battery. Furthermore, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate a battery profile (BP) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (BP) by directly generating the battery profile (BP) based on the battery information.

[0248] The correction profile generation step (S200) is a step of generating a plurality of correction profiles (CP) by correcting a plurality of battery profiles (BP) based on a preset overvoltage profile (OP), and can be performed by the profile correction unit (120).

[0249] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can remove the overvoltage profile (OP) from the battery profile (BP). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the difference between the voltage of the battery profile (BP) and the overvoltage of the overvoltage profile (OP) for the same capacity. The profile correction unit (120) can generate a correction profile (CP) by calculating the difference between the voltage of the battery profile (BP) and the overvoltage of the overvoltage profile (OP) at the full capacity.

[0250] The profile adjustment step (S300) is a step of adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of a plurality of correction profiles (CP) to generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each battery, and can be performed by the profile correction unit (120).

[0251] For example, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile, and can specify a comparison full-cell profile among the plurality of comparison full-cell profiles that has the smallest error with respect to the correction profile (CP). In addition, an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to the specified comparison full-cell profile can be determined.

[0252] The diagnostic factor extraction step (S400) is a step of extracting a diagnostic factor for each battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile, and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0253] Specifically, the control unit (130) can extract a diagnostic factor related to the positive pole from the adjusted positive pole profile. In addition, the control unit (130) can extract a diagnostic factor related to the negative pole from the adjusted negative pole profile. In addition, the control unit (130) can extract a diagnostic factor related to both the positive and negative poles by considering both the diagnostic factor related to the positive pole and the diagnostic factor related to the negative pole.

[0254] The status diagnosis step (S500) is a step of diagnosing the status of multiple batteries based on multiple extracted diagnostic factors, and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0255] For example, the control unit (130) may be configured to select a diagnostic factor that falls outside the critical range (TH) among the plurality of diagnostic factors by considering the distribution of the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as abnormal. Conversely, the control unit (130) may be configured to select a diagnostic factor that falls within the critical range (TH) among the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as normal.

[0256]

[0257] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.

[0258] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0259] In addition, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the attached drawings, and all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined and configured so that various modifications can be made, as those skilled in the art can make various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0260] (Explanation of symbols)

[0261] 1: Battery pack

[0262] 10: Battery

[0263] 20: Measurement section

[0264] 100: Battery Diagnostic Device

[0265] 110: Profile acquisition section

[0266] 120: Profile correction section

[0267] 130: Control unit

[0268] 140: Storage

[0269] 1700: Automobile

[0270] 1710: Battery Pack

Claims

1. A profile acquisition unit configured to acquire each of a plurality of battery profiles indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of each of a plurality of batteries; A profile correction unit configured to generate a plurality of correction profiles by correcting the plurality of battery profiles based on a preset overvoltage profile, and to adjust the preset reference positive electrode profile and reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of the plurality of correction profiles, thereby generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each battery; and A battery diagnostic device characterized by including a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode starting potential for each of the batteries from the above-described adjusted positive electrode profile, and to diagnose the status of the plurality of batteries based on the plurality of extracted diagnostic factors.

2. In paragraph 1, The above overvoltage profile is, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that the profile represents a voltage difference by capacity between a battery profile of a reference battery for a reference C-rate and a battery profile of the reference battery for a target C-rate set for the plurality of batteries.

3. In paragraph 2, The above profile correction part, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to generate the plurality of correction profiles by calculating the voltage difference by capacity between each of the plurality of battery profiles and the overvoltage profile.

4. In paragraph 2, The above overvoltage profile is configured to be stored in advance for each of a plurality of C-rates, The above profile correction part, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to select an overvoltage profile corresponding to the target C-rate from among a plurality of pre-stored overvoltage profiles and generate the plurality of correction profiles using the selected overvoltage profile.

5. In paragraph 1, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to select a diagnostic factor out of the plurality of diagnostic factors that is outside the critical range by considering the distribution of the plurality of diagnostic factors, and to diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the selected diagnostic factor as an abnormal state.

6. In paragraph 1, The above profile correction part, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile based on the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile, and to generate the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile until the generated comparison full-cell profile corresponds to the correction profile.

7. A battery pack comprising a battery diagnostic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A battery manufacturing system including a battery diagnostic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A vehicle including a battery diagnostic device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 6.

10. A profile acquisition step for acquiring each of a plurality of battery profiles indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of each of a plurality of batteries; A compensation profile generation step of generating a plurality of compensation profiles by compensating the plurality of battery profiles based on a preset overvoltage profile; A profile adjustment step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to each battery by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to each of the plurality of correction profiles; A diagnostic factor extraction step for extracting a diagnostic factor regarding the positive electrode starting potential for each battery from the above-described adjusted positive electrode profile; and A battery diagnosis method, characterized in that it includes a status diagnosis step of diagnosing the status of the plurality of batteries based on a plurality of extracted diagnostic factors.

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