Electronic device and operating method thereof

Abstract

An electronic device according to one embodiment may comprise a wireless communication circuit for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. The electronic device may comprise: a processor operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit; and a memory for storing instructions. When executed individually or collectively by the processor, the instructions cause the electronic device to: transmit, on the basis of subcarriers in a millimeter wave band, one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming; and receive feedback information about the one or more sector sweep frames through the millimeter wave band. The feedback information can include: a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received as the strongest signal from an external electronic device, from among the one or more sector sweep frames; and a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received as the strongest signal.

Description

Electronic device and method of operation thereof

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to an electronic device and a method of operating the same.

[0002] With the advent of electronic devices such as smartphones, tablet PCs, and laptops, the demand for high-speed wireless connectivity has exploded. Fueled by this trend and the growing demand for high-speed wireless connectivity, the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication standard has firmly established itself as a representative and universal high-speed wireless communication standard in the IT (information technology) industry. Early wireless LAN technology, developed around 1997, could support transmission speeds of up to 1-2 Mbps. Since then, driven by the demand for faster wireless connections, wireless LAN technology has steadily evolved, leading to the development of new wireless LAN technologies that improve transmission speeds, such as IEEE 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ax. The latest standard, IEEE 802.11ax, currently supports peak transmission speeds of several Gbps.

[0003] Today, wireless LANs provide high-speed wireless connectivity to users in various public spaces, including offices, airports, stadiums, and stations, in addition to private spaces like homes. Consequently, wireless LANs have had a significant impact on people's lifestyles and culture, and wireless LANs have become an integral part of modern life.

[0004] The above information may be provided as background art to aid in understanding the present disclosure. No claim or determination is made as to whether any of the above is applicable as prior art related to the present disclosure.

[0005] An electronic device according to one embodiment may include a wireless communication circuit configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal. The electronic device may include a processor operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit. The electronic device may include a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on subcarriers of a millimeter wave band. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames via the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received by an external electronic device with the strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The above feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0006] According to one embodiment, an operating method of an electronic device may include an operation of transmitting one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on sub-carriers of a millimeter wave band. The operating method of the electronic device may include an operation of receiving feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames via the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received by an external electronic device with the strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0007] An electronic device according to one embodiment may include a wireless communication circuit configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal. The electronic device may include a processor operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit. The electronic device may include a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming from an external electronic device via a millimeter wave band. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames to the external electronic device based on subcarriers of the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received with a strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0008] According to one embodiment, an operating method of an electronic device may include an operation of receiving one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming from an external electronic device via a millimeter wave band. The operating method of the electronic device may include an operation of transmitting feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames to the external electronic device based on subcarriers of the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received with a strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0009] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are drawings for explaining a wireless LAN system according to one embodiment.

[0010] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup operation according to one embodiment.

[0011] Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining sector sweep of beamforming training.

[0012] Figure 5 is a drawing for explaining an analog beamforming system.

[0013] Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining changes in bandwidth according to frequency band.

[0014] FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are drawings for explaining a beam formed through subcarriers in the millimeter wave band.

[0015] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an AP according to one embodiment.

[0016] Figure 11 shows a schematic block diagram of an STA according to one embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 12a and FIG. 12b are diagrams for explaining a sector sweep of beamforming training according to one embodiment.

[0018] FIGS. 13 to 15 are diagrams illustrating an area in which feedback information for a sector sweep frame is embedded, according to one embodiment.

[0019] FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a subcarrier group-based operation according to one embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are flowcharts of a method of operating an electronic device according to one embodiment.

[0021] FIG. 19 is a block diagram of an electronic device within a network environment, according to one embodiment.

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the description with reference to the attached drawings, identical components are assigned the same reference numerals regardless of the drawing numbers, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0023]

[0024] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams for explaining a wireless LAN system according to one embodiment.

[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, according to one embodiment, a wireless LAN system (10) may represent an infrastructure mode in which an access point (AP) exists in the structure of a wireless LAN (WLAN) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11. The wireless LAN system (10) may include one or more basic service sets (BSS) (e.g., BSS1, BSS2). The BSS (BSS1, BSS2) may mean a set of access points (APs) (e.g., an electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) and stations (STAs) (e.g., an electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19) that are capable of communicating with each other by being synchronized. BSS1 may include AP1 and STA1, and BSS2 may include AP2, STA2, and STA3.

[0026] According to one embodiment, a wireless LAN system (10) may include at least one STA (STA1 to STA3), a plurality of APs (AP1, AP2) providing a distribution service, and a distribution system (100) connecting the plurality of APs (AP1, AP2). The distribution system (100) may connect a plurality of BSSs (BSS1, BSS2) to implement an extended service set (ESS). The ESS may be used as a term indicating a network formed by connecting a plurality of APs (AP1, AP2) through the distribution system (100). A plurality of APs (AP1, AP2) included in a single ESS may have the same SSID (service set identification).

[0027] According to one embodiment, STAs (STA1 to STA3) may be any functional medium including medium access control (MAC) and a physical layer interface for a wireless medium according to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard. STAs (STA1 to STA3) may be used to mean both APs and non-AP STAs. STAs (STA1 to STA3) may also be referred to by various names, such as electronic devices, mobile terminals, wireless devices, wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs), user equipment (UEs), mobile stations (MSs), mobile subscriber units, or simply users.

[0028] Referring to FIG. 2, according to one embodiment, unlike the wireless LAN system (10) of FIG. 1, the wireless LAN system (20) may represent an ad-hoc mode in which communication is performed by establishing a network between a plurality of STAs (STA1 to STA3) without an AP in the structure of a wireless LAN (WLAN) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11. The wireless LAN system (20) may include a BSS operating in an ad-hoc mode, i.e., an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0029] In one embodiment, an IBSS may not have a centralized management entity because it does not include APs. In an IBSS, STAs may be managed in a distributed manner. In an IBSS, all STAs may be mobile, and access to distributed systems is not permitted, creating a self-contained network.

[0030]

[0031] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a link setup operation according to one embodiment.

[0032] Referring to FIG. 3, according to one embodiment, a link setup operation may be performed between devices (e.g., STA (301), AP (302)) to communicate with each other. For link setup, a network may be discovered, authentication may be performed, an association may be established, and a security configuration operation may be performed. The link setup operation may be referred to as a session initiation operation or a session setup operation. In addition, the operations of discovery, authentication, association, and security configuration of the link setup operation may be collectively referred to as an association operation.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the network discovery operation may include operations 310 and 320. In operation 310, the STA (301) (e.g., the electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19) may transmit a probe request frame to discover whether any AP (e.g., the electronic device (1902) or the electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) exists, and may wait for a response to the probe request frame. The STA (301) may perform a scanning operation to access a network to find a network to which it can join. The probe request frame may include information of the STA (301) (e.g., the device name and / or address of the STA (301)). The scanning operation in operation 310 may mean an active scanning operation. In operation 320, the AP (302) may transmit a probe response frame to the STA (301) that transmitted the probe request frame in response to the probe request frame. The probe response frame may include information of the AP (302) (e.g., the device name and / or network information of the AP (302)). Although the network discovery operation in FIG. 3 is illustrated as being performed through active scanning, it is not necessarily limited thereto, and if the STA (301) performs passive scanning, the operation of transmitting the probe request frame may be omitted. The STA (301) performing passive scanning may receive the beacon frame transmitted by the AP (302) and perform the following subsequent procedures.

[0034] According to one embodiment, after the STA (301) discovers a network, an authentication operation including operations 330 and 340 may be performed. In operation 330, the STA (301) may transmit an authentication request frame to the AP (302). In operation 340, the AP (302) may determine whether to allow authentication for the STA (301) based on information included in the authentication request frame. The AP (302) may provide the result of the authentication process to the STA (301) through an authentication response frame. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response may correspond to a management frame.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the authentication frame may include information about an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a robust security network (RSN), and / or a finite cyclic group.

[0036] According to one embodiment, after STA (301) is successfully authenticated, an association operation including operations 350 and 360 may be performed. In operation 350, STA (301) may transmit an association request frame to AP (302). In operation 360, AP (302) may transmit an association response frame to STA (301) in response to the association request frame.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the association request frame and / or the association response frame may include information related to various capabilities. For example, the association request frame may include information related to various capabilities, a beacon listen interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, an RSN, a mobility domain, supported operating classes, a traffic indication map broadcast request, and / or information about interworking service capabilities. For example, the association response frame may include information related to various capabilities, status codes, association ID (AID), supported rates, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter sets, received channel power indicator (RCPI), received signal to noise indicator (RSNI), mobility domains, timeout interval (association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, and / or QoS maps.

[0038] According to one embodiment, after STA (301) is successfully associated with the network, a security setup operation including operations 370 and 380 may be performed. The security setup operation may be performed via a robust security network association (RSNA) request / response. For example, the security setup operation may include an operation of setting up a private key via a four-way handshaking via an extensible authentication protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame. The security setup operation may also be performed according to a security method not defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0039] According to one embodiment, a security session is established between STA (301) and AP (302) according to a security setup operation, and STA (301) and AP (302) can perform secure data communication.

[0040]

[0041] Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining sector sweep of beamforming training.

[0042] When electromagnetic waves propagate through a wireless medium, signal attenuation is inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength. Therefore, signals in high-frequency bands with short wavelengths experience greater signal attenuation than general communication signals. Furthermore, signals in high-frequency bands exhibit characteristics such as less diffraction, stronger linearity, and lower transmittance. To utilize signals in high-frequency bands (e.g., millimeter waves (e.g., 24 GHz)), the transmitter and receiver must align their beam directions. The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802.11ad / ay standard defines a beam training protocol to achieve maximum beamforming gain by aligning the beam directions between the transmitter and receiver.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 4, an example of a sector sweep of beamforming for millimeter wave band communication can be confirmed. An initiator (401) can generate sector sweep frames (411). Each of the sector sweep frames (411) can be transmitted externally based on a different beam direction (e.g., see FIG. 9). Each of the sector sweep frames (411) can be assigned a different sector ID. The sector ID can correspond to the beam direction in which the sector sweep frame is transmitted. Each of the sector sweep frames (411) can be sequentially transmitted based on a countdown (CDOWN). Each of the sector sweep frames (411) can be transmitted through a millimeter wave band.

[0044] The responder (402) can determine the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (411). The responder (402) can generate sector sweep frames (412) by including information about the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal (e.g., best sector ID 25). Each of the sector sweep frames (412) can be transmitted externally based on a different beam direction (e.g., see FIG. 9). Each of the sector sweep frames (412) can be assigned a different sector ID. The sector ID can correspond to the beam direction in which the sector sweep frame is transmitted. Each of the sector sweep frames (412) can be sequentially transmitted based on a countdown (CDOWN). Each of the sector sweep frames (412) can be transmitted through a millimeter wave band.

[0045] The initiator (401) can determine the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (412). The initiator (401) can generate a sector sweep feedback frame (413) by including information about the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal (e.g., best sector ID 1). The initiator (401) can transmit the sector sweep feedback frame (413) to the responder (402). In response to receiving the sector sweep feedback frame (413), the responder (402) can reply with a sector sweep acknowledgment frame (414) to the initiator (401).

[0046] The initiator (401) can determine a beam direction after receiving at least one of the sector sweep frames (412) from the responder (402). The initiator (401) can perform beamforming based on the determined beam direction. The responder (402) can determine a beam direction after receiving a sector sweep feedback frame (413) from the initiator (401). The responder (402) can perform beamforming based on the determined beam direction.

[0047]

[0048] Figure 5 is a drawing for explaining an analog beamforming system.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 5, in an analog beamforming system, processors (501, 502) may determine beam directions based on feedback information (e.g., sector ID) for a sector sweep frame. Processors (501, 502) may determine phase delays to be applied to each of the antennas (e.g., 511, 512, 513) based on the determined beam directions.

[0050] The antennas (e.g., 511, 512, 513) may be physically located at different locations. For example, the physical location of antenna (511) may be different from the physical location of antenna (512). Depending on the difference in location between the antennas and the direction of the signal transmitted by the antenna, there may be a difference in the propagation distance of the signals (e.g., the signal transmitted by each antenna). For example, the propagation distance of the signal (521) transmitted by antenna (511) may be shorter than the propagation distance of the signal (522) transmitted by antenna (512). For example, the propagation distance of the signal (523) transmitted by antenna (513) may be longer than the propagation distance of the signal (522) transmitted by antenna (512). The propagation distances of each of the signals transmitted targeting the same point and / or the same direction may be different. Considering the above propagation distance difference, the processor (501, 502) can determine the phases of the signals differently (e.g., determine the phase delay to be applied to each signal).

[0051] The processor (501, 502) can divide the propagation distance difference by the frequency of the signal. For example, the difference between the propagation distance of the signal (522) and the propagation distance of the signal (521) can be divided by the frequency of the signal (521). The result of the division can be a phase delay value of the signal (522) based on the signal (521).

[0052] Processors (501, 502) may determine phase delays to be applied to the antennas. Based on the determined phase delays, each of the antennas (e.g., 511, 512, 513) may generate signals (e.g., 521, 522, 523). The generated signals (e.g., 521, 522, 523) may be synthesized during the propagation process. That is, the signals (e.g., 521, 522, 523) may be synthesized to form a beam. The beam, which is the result of synthesizing the signals (e.g., 521, 522, 523), may be a wireless signal focused in a target direction. Processors (501, 502) may transmit data in the target direction through the formed beam.

[0053]

[0054] Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining changes in bandwidth according to frequency band.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 6, the electronic device (601) can utilize signals of various frequency bands. The electronic device (601) may be a device that supports an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. The electronic device (601) may be a device that seeks to utilize a millimeter wave band in an OFDM system. Signals in the millimeter wave band (e.g., signals in a band higher than 24 GHz) may have a higher frequency than signals in other frequency bands (e.g., signals in a band lower than 6 GHz).

[0056] Referring to FIG. 7, as the frequency band of the carrier increases, the bandwidth of the carrier may become wider. For example, the frequency band of the carrier may become higher from the first frequency band (701) to the fourth frequency band (704), and the bandwidth of the carrier may become wider from the first frequency band (701) to the fourth frequency band (704). As the bandwidth of the carrier becomes wider, the subcarrier spacing (e.g., the frequency spacing of the subcarriers) may also become larger. For example, the subcarrier spacing (714) of the fourth frequency band (704) may be larger than the subcarrier spacing (711) of the first frequency band (701). For example, the fourth frequency band (704) may be a millimeter wave band. The subcarrier spacing (e.g., 714) in a millimeter wave band (e.g., 704) can be significantly larger than the subcarrier spacing (e.g., 711, 712, 713) in other frequency bands (e.g., 701, 702, 703).

[0057]

[0058] FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are drawings for explaining a beam formed through subcarriers in the millimeter wave band.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 8, in an OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) system, the results of analog beamforming performed using a millimeter wave band can be confirmed. An electronic device (e.g., electronic device (601) of FIG. 6) can determine a phase delay to be applied to antennas (e.g., 801, 802). Based on the determined phase delay, each of the antennas (e.g., 801, 802) can generate a signal. The generated signals can be synthesized with each other during the propagation process. A beam (e.g., 811, 812), which is a result of the synthesis of signals, can be a wireless signal focused in a target direction. Since the beam (e.g., 811, 812) is a result of the synthesis of signals, the beam (e.g., 811, 812) of FIG. 8 should not be confused with the signals (e.g., 521, 522, 523) of FIG. 5. The electronic device (601) may form a beam (e.g., 811, 812) to transmit data (or information) in a targeted direction. However, the beam (e.g., 811, 812) formed by the electronic device (601) may transmit data in an untargeted direction.

[0060] Since Fig. 5 assumes a single carrier, the utilized frequency is also the same. Referring to Fig. 9, when a beam is formed using the same frequency band (910) of a single carrier, a sector sweep frame can be transmitted in a target direction (e.g., see 901 and 902). For example, a sector sweep frame (911) can be transmitted in a target direction based on a beam direction (921). For example, a sector sweep frame (913) can be transmitted in a target direction based on a beam direction (923).

[0061] However, since the electronic device (601) of FIG. 6 supports an OFDM system, it can form a beam using multiple signals (e.g., multiple subcarriers) having different frequencies. In an OFDM system, each subcarrier has a different wavelength, and thus, each subcarrier can be transmitted at a different angle (e.g., an angle different from the intended angle). Therefore, a beam can be formed in an unintended direction by combining subcarriers transmitted at different angles.

[0062] Frequency bands utilized prior to millimeter-wave bands (e.g., bands below 6 GHz) were at a level where such angular shifts were negligible. For example, in a 5 GHz band with an 80 MHz bandwidth, the ratio of the shift between the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the bandwidth and the wavelength corresponding to the edge frequency of the bandwidth could be 1.01. Converted to an angle, this could mean data is transmitted in a direction approximately 6 degrees off-axis from the intended direction.

[0063] However, the electronic device (601) may be a device for utilizing the millimeter wave band in an OFDM system. In the millimeter wave band, since the bandwidth is wider, the variation ratio between wavelengths may be greater. In the millimeter wave band, it may be difficult to ignore the above-mentioned angular variation. For example, when utilizing a bandwidth of 8 GHz in the 60 GHz band, the variation ratio between the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the bandwidth and the wavelength corresponding to the end frequency of the bandwidth may be 1.13. When converted to an angle, this may mean that data is transmitted in a direction that is approximately 42 degrees off from the target direction. The wider the bandwidth utilized, the greater the deviation from the target direction may be.

[0064]

[0065] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an AP according to one embodiment.

[0066] According to one embodiment, an access point (AP) (1001) (e.g., AP (302) of FIG. 3 or electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) (e.g., an initiator of a beam sector sweep) may utilize an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system when performing a millimeter wave band-based beam sector sweep. The AP (1001) may utilize multiple carriers (e.g., multiple subcarriers) rather than a single carrier when performing the sector sweep. As described above, as the frequency band increases and the bandwidth widens, the wavelength difference between the multiple carriers (e.g., subcarrier spacing) may also increase. The AP (1001) may perform a beam sector sweep that takes into account the subcarrier spacing, which is a level that cannot be ignored in the millimeter wave band.

[0067] In one embodiment, the AP (1001) can adaptively utilize the time and frequency domains of an OFDM system. The AP (1001) can not only vary sector IDs in the time domain, but also adaptively utilize subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the AP (1001), each subcarrier (or group of subcarriers) in the millimeter wave band can transmit one sector sweep frame.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 10, according to one embodiment, the AP (1001) may include a wireless communication circuit (1010), a processor (1020), and a memory (1030). The wireless communication circuit (1010) may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The wireless communication circuit (1010) may be a Wi-Fi chipset. The wireless communication circuit (1010) may support a high frequency band of 24 GHz or higher. The processor (1020) may be operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit (1010). The memory (1030) may store one or more instructions executable by the processor (1020). The AP (1001) may correspond to an electronic device described in FIG. 19 (e.g., the electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19). Therefore, any description overlapping with that described with reference to FIG. 19 will be omitted. The operation performed by the AP (1001) may include an operation performed by the wireless communication circuit (1010) and an operation performed by the processor (1020) through the wireless communication circuit (1010).

[0069] According to one embodiment, the memory (1030) may include one or more memories. The instructions stored in the memory (1030) may be stored in a single memory. The instructions stored in the memory (1030) may be divided and stored in multiple memories. The instructions stored in the memory (1030) may be individually or collectively executed by the processor (1020) to cause the AP (1001) to perform and / or control the operations of the AP described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 18.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the processor (1020) may be implemented as a circuit (e.g., a processing circuit) such as a system on chip (SoC) or an integrated circuit (IC). The processor (1020) may include one or more processors. For example, the processor (1020) may include a combination of one or more processors such as a CPU, a GPU, an MPU, an AP, and a CP. Instructions stored in the memory (1020) may be individually or collectively executed by one processor to cause the AP (1001) to perform and / or control the operations of the AP described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 18. Instructions stored in the memory (1030) may be individually or collectively executed by multiple processors to cause the AP (1001) to perform and / or control the operations of the AP described with reference to FIGS.

[0071]

[0072] Figure 11 shows a schematic block diagram of an STA according to one embodiment.

[0073] According to one embodiment, a station (STA) (1101) (e.g., STA (301) of FIG. 3 or electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19) (e.g., a responder of a beam sector sweep) may utilize an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system when performing a millimeter wave band-based beam sector sweep. The STA (1101) may utilize multiple carriers (e.g., multiple subcarriers) rather than a single carrier when performing the sector sweep. As described above, as the frequency band increases and the bandwidth widens, the wavelength difference between multiple carriers (e.g., subcarrier spacing) may also increase. The STA (1101) may perform a beam sector sweep that takes into account the subcarrier spacing, which is a level that cannot be ignored in the millimeter wave band.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the STA (1101) can adaptively utilize the time and frequency domains of an OFDM system. The STA (1101) can not only vary the sector ID in the time domain, but also adaptively utilize subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the STA (1101), each subcarrier (or group of subcarriers) in the millimeter wave band can transmit one sector sweep frame.

[0075] Referring to FIG. 11, according to one embodiment, an STA (1101) may include a wireless communication circuit (1110), a processor (1120), and a memory (1130). The wireless communication circuit (1110) may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The wireless communication circuit (1110) may be a Wi-Fi chipset. The wireless communication circuit (1110) may support a high frequency band of 24 GHz or higher. The processor (1120) may be operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit (1110). The memory (1130) may store one or more instructions executable by the processor (1120). The STA (1101) may correspond to an electronic device described in FIG. 19 (e.g., the electronic device 1901 of FIG. 19). Therefore, any description overlapping with that described with reference to FIG. 19 will be omitted. The operation performed by the STA (1101) may include an operation performed by the wireless communication circuit (1110) and an operation performed by the processor (1120) through the wireless communication circuit (1110).

[0076] According to one embodiment, the memory (1130) may include one or more memories. The instructions stored in the memory (1130) may be stored in a single memory. The instructions stored in the memory (1130) may be divided and stored in multiple memories. The instructions stored in the memory (1130) may be individually or collectively executed by the processor (1120) to cause the STA (1101) to perform and / or control the operations of the STA described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 18.

[0077] According to one embodiment, the processor (1120) may be implemented as a circuit (e.g., a processing circuit) such as a system on chip (SoC) or an integrated circuit (IC). The processor (1120) may include one or more processors. For example, the processor (1120) may include a combination of one or more processors such as a CPU, a GPU, an MPU, an AP, and a CP. The instructions stored in the memory (1130) may be individually or collectively executed by one processor to cause the STA (1101) to perform and / or control the operations of the STA described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 18. The instructions stored in the memory (1130) may be individually or collectively executed by multiple processors to cause the STA (1101) to perform and / or control the operations of the STA described with reference to FIGS.

[0078]

[0079] FIG. 12a and FIG. 12b are diagrams for explaining a sector sweep of beamforming training according to one embodiment.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 12A, according to one embodiment, an electronic device (e.g., an access point (AP) (1001) of FIG. 10 and a station (STA) (1101) of FIG. 11) may transmit one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on sub-carriers of a millimeter wave band.

[0081] According to one embodiment, in an electronic device (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)), each of the subcarriers (or groups of subcarriers) of the millimeter wave band may transmit one sector sweep frame (e.g., see 1201). For example, a first subcarrier of a first frequency (1211) may transmit a sector sweep frame (1221). For example, a second subcarrier of a second frequency (1212) may transmit a sector sweep frame (1222).

[0082] According to one embodiment, the sector sweep frame may include a sector ID and a subcarrier index. For example, the sector sweep frame (1221) may include a sector ID (e.g., ID 1) and a subcarrier index (e.g., index 1). The sector ID may correspond to a direction of a beam formed by a reference subcarrier (e.g., a subcarrier having a center frequency within a bandwidth). The subcarrier index may correspond to a frequency of the subcarrier. The subcarrier index may be a unique value for each subcarrier. The subcarrier index may be information already exchanged between electronic devices (e.g., the AP (1001) and the STA (1101)). The subcarrier index may be information broadcast in advance through a beacon of an initiator (e.g., the AP (1001)).

[0083] According to one embodiment, an electronic device (e.g., an AP (1001) and an STA (1101)) may transmit a set (1220) of sector sweep frames (e.g., 1221, 1222, 1223) having the same sector ID (e.g., ID 1). Each of the sector sweep frames (e.g., 1221, 1222, 1223) having the same sector ID (e.g., ID 1) may be transmitted over a different subcarrier on the same time domain (or time duration) (e.g., 1214) (e.g., the same time interval and / or the same point in time). The sector sweep frames transmitted over different subcarriers on the same time domain may be transmitted in different directions on the same time domain (e.g., see 1202). For example, a sector sweep frame (1221) may be transmitted in a first direction (1241) via a first subcarrier of a first frequency (1211). For example, a sector sweep frame (1222) may be transmitted in a second direction (1242) via a second subcarrier of a first frequency (1212).

[0084] According to one embodiment, an electronic device (e.g., an AP (1001) and an STA (1101)) may transmit a first set (1220) of sector sweep frames (e.g., 1221, 1222, 1223) and a second set (1230) of sector sweep frames (e.g., 1231, 1232, 1233). The first set (1220) and the second set (1230) may be transmitted on different time domains. For example, the first set (1220) may be transmitted on a first time domain (1214). For example, the second set (1230) may be transmitted on a second time domain (1215).

[0085] According to one embodiment, electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) can adaptively utilize the time domain and frequency domain of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Compared to FIG. 4, electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) can save time resources by utilizing frequency resources of the OFDM system. For example, electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) can transmit a sector sweep frame in a 180 degree direction with only two units of time resources (e.g., two time domains (1214, 1215)). In FIG. 12A, the time resources utilized by electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) are illustrated as two units, but are not limited thereto. Additionally, the angle covered by the electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) is not limited to 180 degrees.

[0086] In one embodiment, the sector sweep frame transmitted over a single subcarrier (or a group of subcarriers) may be generated in a format defined in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ad / ay standard. However, this is not limited thereto, and new formats of sector sweep frames may also be used for beam training.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 12B, according to one embodiment, a sector sweep performed by an initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and a responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) based on an OFDM system can be confirmed. The initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) can generate sector sweep frames (1271). Each of the sector sweep frames (1271) can be transmitted externally based on a different beam direction.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may determine the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (1271). The responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may determine the sector ID (e.g., ID 1) and the subcarrier index (e.g., index 2) of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (1271).

[0089] According to one embodiment, a responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may generate sector sweep frames (1272) by including information (e.g., feedback information) about the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal (e.g., best sector ID 1, best index 2). Each of the sector sweep frames (1272) may be transmitted externally based on a different beam direction.

[0090] According to one embodiment, the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) may determine the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (1272). The initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) may determine the sector ID (e.g., ID 2) and the subcarrier index (e.g., index 3) of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the received sector sweep frames (1272).

[0091] According to one embodiment, an initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) may generate a sector sweep feedback frame (1273) by including information (e.g., feedback information) (e.g., best sector ID 2, best index 3) about a sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal. The initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) may transmit the sector sweep feedback frame (1273) to a responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)). The responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may reply a sector sweep acknowledgment frame (1274) to the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) in response to receiving the sector sweep feedback frame (1273).

[0092] According to one embodiment, each of the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may perform beamforming after receiving feedback information from the other party. Each of the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may determine a sector ID and a subcarrier index to be used for data transmission based on the feedback information. As described above, the sector ID may correspond to a direction of a beam formed by a reference subcarrier (e.g., a subcarrier having a center frequency within a bandwidth). The subcarrier index may correspond to a frequency of the subcarrier. The subcarrier index may be a unique value for each subcarrier.

[0093] According to one embodiment, each of the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may determine a phase delay to be applied to each of the antennas, taking into account the determined sector ID (e.g., direction of a beam formed by a reference subcarrier) and the index of the determined subcarrier (e.g., frequency of the determined subcarrier). Each of the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may apply the phase delay to the antennas to form a beam. Each of the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may transmit data in a target direction through the formed beam.

[0094] According to one embodiment, an initiator (1261) (e.g., an AP (1001)) and a responder (1262) (e.g., an STA (1101)) can adaptively utilize the time domain and the frequency domain of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Compared to FIG. 4, the initiator (1261) (e.g., an AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., an STA (1101)) can save time resources by utilizing the frequency resources of the OFDM system. For example, the initiator (1261) (e.g., an AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., an STA (1101)) can transmit a sector sweep frame in all directions through two units of time resources (e.g., two time domains) (e.g., two sector IDs). In addition, the initiator (1261) (e.g., AP (1001)) and the responder (1262) (e.g., STA (1101)) may further divide the direction in which the sector sweep frame is transmitted, taking into account the time resources that can be saved. For example, when the initiator (401) (or responder (402)) that wants to transmit the sector sweep frame in the direction of 180 degrees transmits 10 sector sweep frames in 18-degree units, the initiator (1261) (or responder (1262)) may transmit 20 sector sweep frames in 9-degree units. However, the angles covered by the electronic devices (e.g., AP (1001) and STA (1101)) are not limited to 180 degrees.

[0095]

[0096] FIGS. 13 to 15 are diagrams illustrating an area in which feedback information for a sector sweep frame is embedded, according to one embodiment.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 13, according to one embodiment, the format of a sector sweep frame (1301) defined in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ad / ay can be confirmed. Feedback information (e.g., sector ID and subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal) may be included (e.g., embedded) in a sector sweep feedback field (1302) of the sector sweep frame (1301).

[0098] Referring to FIG. 14, according to one embodiment, the format of a sector sweep feedback frame (1401) defined in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ad / ay can be confirmed. Feedback information (e.g., sector ID and subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal) may be included (e.g., embedded) in a sector sweep feedback field (1402) of the sector sweep frame (1401).

[0099] Referring to FIG. 15, according to one embodiment, the sector sweep feedback field (1501) mentioned in FIGS. 13 and 14 can be identified. Feedback information (e.g., sector ID and subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal) can be included in the subcarrier selection field (1502). The subcarrier selection field (1502) can be a newly added field that reduces the length of the reserved field.

[0100]

[0101] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method for transmitting data to multiple electronic devices according to one embodiment.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 16, according to one embodiment, an AP (e.g., AP (1001) of FIG. 10) may transmit data to multiple electronic devices (1601, 1602, 1603). The AP (1001) may transmit data based on subcarrier groups. Based on feedback information, the AP (1001) may map multiple subcarriers (e.g., subcarrier groups) to one electronic device instead of a single subcarrier.

[0103] In another embodiment, the AP (1001) may determine a sector ID and a subcarrier group to be mapped to each of the electronic devices (1601, 1602, 1603) based on the feedback information. For example, the AP (1001) may decide to utilize subcarrier 1 to subcarrier K1 to transmit data to the electronic device (1601). For example, the AP (1001) may decide to utilize subcarrier K1+1 to subcarrier K2 to transmit data to the electronic device (1602).

[0104] According to one embodiment, the AP (1001) may transmit data to each of the electronic devices (1601, 1602, 1603) based on the determined sector ID (e.g., the direction of the beam formed by the reference subcarrier) and the determined group of subcarriers.

[0105]

[0106] FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are flowcharts of a method of operating an electronic device according to one embodiment.

[0107] Referring to FIG. 17, according to one embodiment, operations 1710 and 1720 may be performed sequentially, but are not necessarily performed sequentially. For example, the order of each operation (1710-1720) may be changed, and the two operations may be performed in parallel.

[0108] According to one embodiment, in operation 1710, an access point (AP) (e.g., an initiator) (e.g., an AP (302) of FIG. 3, an AP (1001) of FIG. 10, an initiator (1261) of FIG. 12b, or an electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) may transmit one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on subcarriers of a millimeter wave band.

[0109] According to one embodiment, at operation 1720, an AP (e.g., an initiator) may receive feedback information for one or more sector sweep frames over a millimeter wave band.

[0110] According to one embodiment, the operations performed by the AP may include operations performed by a wireless communication circuit (e.g., wireless communication circuit (1010) of FIG. 10) and operations performed by a processor (e.g., processor (1020) of FIG. 10) through the wireless communication circuit.

[0111] Referring to FIG. 18, according to one embodiment, operations 1810 and 1820 may be performed sequentially, but are not necessarily performed sequentially. For example, the order of each operation (1810-1820) may be changed, and the two operations may be performed in parallel.

[0112] According to one embodiment, in operation 1810, a station (STA) (e.g., a responder) (e.g., an STA (301) of FIG. 3 , an STA (1101) of FIG. 11 , a responder (1262) of FIG. 12b , or an electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19 ) may receive one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming from an external electronic device (e.g., an AP (302) of FIG. 3 , an AP (1001) of FIG. 10 , an initiator (1261) of FIG. 12b , or an electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19 )) via a millimeter wave band.

[0113] According to one embodiment, in operation 1820, an STA (e.g., a responder) may transmit feedback information for one or more sector sweep frames to an external electronic device based on subcarriers in a millimeter wave band.

[0114] According to one embodiment, the operations performed by the STA may include operations performed by a wireless communication circuit (e.g., a wireless communication circuit (1110) of FIG. 11 or a wireless communication module (1992) of FIG. 19) and operations performed by a processor (e.g., a processor (1120) of FIG. 11 or a processor (1920) of FIG. 19) through the wireless communication circuit.

[0115]

[0116] FIG. 19 is a block diagram of an electronic device within a network environment, according to one embodiment.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 19, in a network environment (1900), an electronic device (1901) may communicate with an electronic device (1902) via a first network (1998) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or may communicate with at least one of an electronic device (1904) or a server (1908) via a second network (1999) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). In one embodiment, the electronic device (1901) may communicate with the electronic device (1904) via the server (1908). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1901) may include a processor (1920), a memory (1930), an input module (1950), an audio output module (1955), a display module (1960), an audio module (1970), a sensor module (1976), an interface (1977), a connection terminal (1978), a haptic module (1979), a camera module (1980), a power management module (1988), a battery (1989), a communication module (1990), a subscriber identification module (1996), or an antenna module (1997). In some embodiments, the electronic device (1901) may omit at least one of these components (e.g., the connection terminal (1978)), or may have one or more other components added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (1976), camera module (1980), or antenna module (1997)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (1960)).

[0118] The processor (1920) may control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (1901) connected to the processor (1920) by executing, for example, software (e.g., a program (1940)), and may perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least a part of the data processing or operations, the processor (1920) may store commands or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module (1976) or a communication module (1990)) in a volatile memory (1932), process the commands or data stored in the volatile memory (1932), and store result data in a non-volatile memory (1934). According to one embodiment, the processor (1920) may include a main processor (1921) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or a secondary processor (1923) (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor) that can operate independently or together with the main processor (1921). For example, when the electronic device (1901) includes the main processor (1921) and the secondary processor (1923), the secondary processor (1923) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (1921) or to be specialized for a given function. The secondary processor (1923) may be implemented separately from the main processor (1921) or as a part thereof.

[0119] The auxiliary processor (1923) may control at least a portion of functions or states associated with at least one component (e.g., a display module (1960), a sensor module (1976), or a communication module (1990)) of the electronic device (1901), for example, on behalf of the main processor (1921) while the main processor (1921) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (1921) while the main processor (1921) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1923) (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as a part of another functionally related component (e.g., a camera module (1980) or a communication module (1990)). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1923) (e.g., a neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. The artificial intelligence models may be generated through machine learning. This learning can be performed, for example, on the electronic device (1901) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or can be performed through a separate server (e.g., server (1908)). The learning algorithm can include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model can include multiple artificial neural network layers.The artificial neural network may be one of a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to, or alternatively to, a hardware structure, an artificial intelligence model may include a software structure.

[0120] The memory (1930) can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor (1920) or the sensor module (1976)) of the electronic device (1901). The data can include, for example, software (e.g., the program (1940)) and input data or output data for commands related thereto. The memory (1930) can include volatile memory (1932) or non-volatile memory (1934).

[0121] The program (1940) may be stored as software in memory (1930) and may include, for example, an operating system (1942), middleware (1944), or an application (1946).

[0122] The input module (1950) can receive commands or data to be used in a component of the electronic device (1901) (e.g., a processor (1920)) from an external source (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (1901). The input module (1950) can include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, keys (e.g., buttons), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0123] The audio output module (1955) can output audio signals to the outside of the electronic device (1901). The audio output module (1955) can include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. In one embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0124] The display module (1960) can visually provide information to an external party (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (1901). The display module (1960) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector, and a control circuit for controlling the device. In one embodiment, the display module (1960) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of a force generated by the touch.

[0125] The audio module (1970) can convert sound into an electrical signal, or vice versa. According to one embodiment, the audio module (1970) can acquire sound through the input module (1950), output sound through the sound output module (1955), or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1902)) (e.g., speaker or headphone) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (1901).

[0126] The sensor module (1976) can detect the operating status (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device (1901) or the external environmental status (e.g., user status) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected status. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (1976) can include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0127] The interface (1977) may support one or more designated protocols that may be used to directly or wirelessly connect the electronic device (1901) with an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1902)). In one embodiment, the interface (1977) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0128] The connection terminal (1978) may include a connector through which the electronic device (1901) may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1902)). In one embodiment, the connection terminal (1978) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0129] A haptic module (1979) can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that a user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic sensations. In one embodiment, the haptic module (1979) can include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulation device.

[0130] The camera module (1980) can capture still images and moving images. In one embodiment, the camera module (1980) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0131] The power management module (1988) can manage the power supplied to the electronic device (1901). According to one embodiment, the power management module (1988) can be implemented as at least a part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0132] A battery (1989) may power at least one component of the electronic device (1901). In one embodiment, the battery (1989) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0133] The communication module (1990) may support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device (1901) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1902), electronic device (1904), or server (1908)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (1990) may operate independently from the processor (1920) (e.g., application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (1990) may include a wireless communication module (1992) (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module (1994) (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module, or a power line communication module). Any of these communication modules may communicate with an external electronic device (1904) via a first network (1998) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or a second network (1999) (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a local area network or a wide area network)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (1992) may use subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (1996) to identify or authenticate the electronic device (1901) within a communication network such as the first network (1998) or the second network (1999).

[0134] The wireless communication module (1992) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following the 4G network, such as NR access technology (new radio access technology). NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimizing terminal power and connecting multiple terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module (1992) can support, for example, a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module (1992) may support various technologies for securing performance in high-frequency bands, such as beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module (1992) may support various requirements specified in the electronic device (1901), an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1904)), or a network system (e.g., the second network (1999)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (1992) can support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, a loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or a U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for URLLC realization.

[0135] The antenna module (1997) can transmit or receive signals or power to or from an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module (1997) may include an antenna including a radiator formed of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module (1997) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as the first network (1998) or the second network (1999), may be selected from the plurality of antennas by, for example, the communication module (1990). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (1990) and the external electronic device via the at least one selected antenna. In some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as a part of the antenna module (1997).

[0136] In one embodiment, the antenna module (1997) may form a mmWave antenna module. In one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent a first side (e.g., a bottom side) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a designated high frequency band (e.g., a mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna) disposed on or adjacent a second side (e.g., a top side or a side side) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the designated high frequency band.

[0137] At least some of the above components may be interconnected and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., a bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)).

[0138] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (1901) and an external electronic device (1904) via a server (1908) connected to a second network (1999). Each of the external electronic devices (1902 or 1904) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (1901). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations executed in the electronic device (1901) may be executed in one or more of the external electronic devices (1902, 1904, or 1908). For example, when the electronic device (1901) is to perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (1901) may, instead of or in addition to executing the function or service itself, request one or more external electronic devices to perform the function or at least a part of the service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request may execute at least a portion of the requested function or service, or additional functions or services related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (1901). The electronic device (1901) may process the result as is or additionally and provide it as at least a portion of a response to the request. For this purpose, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device (1901) may provide an ultra-low latency service using, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In another embodiment, the external electronic device (1904) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (1908) may be an intelligent server utilizing machine learning and / or a neural network.In one embodiment, an external electronic device (1904) or server (1908) may be included within the second network (1999). The electronic device (1901) may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0139]

[0140] Electronic devices according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may take various forms. Electronic devices may include, for example, portable communication devices (e.g., smartphones), computer devices, portable multimedia devices, portable medical devices, cameras, wearable devices, or home appliances. Electronic devices according to the embodiments of this document are not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0141] The various embodiments of this document and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, each of the phrases "A or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B", "A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", and "at least one of A, B, or C" can include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase among those phrases, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order). When a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another (e.g., a second component), with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicatively," it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0142] The term "module" used in various embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimum unit or part of such a component that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0143] Various embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., a program) including one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., built-in memory or external memory) readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device). For example, a processor (e.g., a processor) of the machine (e.g., an electronic device) may call at least one instruction among the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to operate to perform at least one function according to the at least one instruction called. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-transitory' only means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and this term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily in the storage medium.

[0144] According to one embodiment, the method according to various embodiments disclosed in this document may be provided as a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between sellers and buyers as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or may be provided through an application store (e.g., Play Store). TM ) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smart phones), online distribution (e.g., downloading or uploading). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be at least temporarily stored or temporarily created in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or an intermediary server.

[0145] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to the integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0146]

[0147] An electronic device (e.g., AP (302) of FIG. 3, AP (1001) of FIG. 10, initiator (1261) of FIG. 12b, or electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) according to one embodiment may include wireless communication circuitry (e.g., wireless communication circuitry (1010) of FIG. 10) configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., processor (1020) of FIG. 10) operatively connected to the wireless communication circuitry. The electronic device may include a memory (e.g., memory (1030) of FIG. 10) that stores instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on sub-carriers of a millimeter wave band. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames via the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal by an external electronic device (e.g., STA (301) of FIG. 3 , STA (1101) of FIG. 11 , responder (1262) of FIG. 12b , or electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19 ) among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0148] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a set of sector sweep frames having the same sector ID. Each of the sector sweep frames having the same sector ID may be transmitted on a different subcarrier in the same time domain.

[0149] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a first set of sector sweep frames and a second set of sector sweep frames. The first set and the second set may be transmitted in different time domains. The sector ID of the first set may be different from the sector ID of the second set.

[0150] According to one embodiment, the feedback information may be included in a sector sweep feedback field of a sector sweep frame received from the external electronic device.

[0151] According to one embodiment, the feedback information may be included in a sub-carrier select field of the sector sweep feedback field.

[0152] In one embodiment, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit a sector sweep feedback frame in response to receiving the feedback information. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive a sector sweep acknowledgement frame from the external electronic device. The sector sweep feedback frame may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received with a strongest signal among the sector sweep frames received from the external electronic device. The sector sweep feedback frame may include a subcarrier index of a sector sweep frame received with a strongest signal among the sector sweep frames received from the external electronic device.

[0153] According to one embodiment, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to determine, based on the feedback information, a sector ID and a sub-carrier group to be mapped to each of the one or more external electronic devices. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit data to each of the one or more external electronic devices (e.g., electronic device 1601, electronic device 1602, electronic device 1603 of FIG. 16) based on the determined sector ID and the determined sub-carrier group.

[0154] In one embodiment, the electronic device may be configured to perform analog beamforming.

[0155] An electronic device (e.g., STA (301) of FIG. 3, STA (1101) of FIG. 11, responder (1262) of FIG. 12b, or electronic device (1901) of FIG. 19) according to one embodiment may include a wireless communication circuit (e.g., wireless communication circuit (1110) of FIG. 11 or wireless communication module (1992) of FIG. 19) configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., processor (1120) of FIG. 11 or processor (1920) of FIG. 19) operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit. The electronic device may include a memory (e.g., memory (1130) of FIG. 11 or memory (1930) of FIG. 19) that stores instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming from an external electronic device (e.g., AP (302) of FIG. 3, AP (1001) of FIG. 10, initiator (1261) of FIG. 12B, or electronic device (1904) of FIG. 19) via a millimeter wave band. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames to the external electronic device based on subcarriers of the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received with a strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0156] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a set of sector sweep frames having the same sector ID. Each of the sector sweep frames having the same sector ID may be transmitted on a different subcarrier in the same time domain.

[0157] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a first set of sector sweep frames and a second set of sector sweep frames. The first set and the second set may be transmitted in different time domains. The sector ID of the first set may be different from the sector ID of the second set.

[0158] According to one embodiment, the feedback information may be included in a sector sweep feedback field of a sector sweep frame transmitted by the electronic device to the external electronic device.

[0159] According to one embodiment, the feedback information may be included in a sub-carrier select field of the sector sweep feedback field.

[0160] In one embodiment, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to receive a sector sweep feedback frame from the external electronic device. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit a sector sweep acknowledgement frame to the external electronic device. The sector sweep feedback frame may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received by the external electronic device with a strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The sector sweep feedback frame may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received by the external electronic device with a strongest signal.

[0161] In one embodiment, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to determine a sector ID and a subcarrier index based on the feedback information. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, may cause the electronic device to transmit data to the external electronic device based on the determined sector ID and the determined subcarrier index.

[0162] In one embodiment, the electronic device may be configured to perform analog beamforming.

[0163] According to one embodiment, an operating method of an electronic device may include an operation of transmitting one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on sub-carriers of a millimeter wave band. The operating method of the electronic device may include an operation of receiving feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames via the millimeter wave band. The feedback information may include a sector ID of a sector sweep frame received by an external electronic device with the strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames. The feedback information may include a subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal.

[0164] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a set of sector sweep frames having the same sector ID. Each of the sector sweep frames having the same sector ID may be transmitted on a different subcarrier in the same time domain.

[0165] According to one embodiment, the one or more sector sweep frames may include a first set of sector sweep frames and a second set of sector sweep frames. The first set and the second set may be transmitted in different time domains. The sector ID of the first set may be different from the sector ID of the second set.

[0166] According to one embodiment, the feedback information may be included in a sector sweep feedback field of a sector sweep frame received from the external electronic device.

[0167] While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific preferred configurations, other variations are possible. Embodiments of the present invention may include any combination of the compatible features depicted in the various drawings, and such embodiments should not be limited to those explicitly illustrated and discussed. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of the present invention should not be limited to the versions described above.

[0168] The foregoing is intended to cover all modifications and alternative arrangements falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims, and no part of this disclosure is intended, expressly or implicitly, to be dedicated to the public domain unless otherwise specified in the claims.

[0169]

[0170] - Explanation of the symbol

[0171] 1001: AP

[0172] 1101: STA

Claims

1. In electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904), A wireless communication circuit (1010) configured to transmit and receive wireless signals; a processor (1020) operatively connected to the wireless communication circuit; and Memory for storing instructions (1030) Including, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) to: Transmitting one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming based on sub-carriers of a millimeterwave band, To receive feedback information for one or more sector sweep frames through the above millimeter wave band, The above feedback information is: Among the one or more sector sweep frames, the sector ID of the sector sweep frame received by the external electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) as the strongest signal; and Subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal above An electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) comprising:

2. In paragraph 1, One or more of the above sector sweep frames, Contains a set of sector sweep frames having the same sector ID, Each of the sector sweep frames having the same sector ID as above, Transmitted through different subcarriers in the same time domain, Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

3. In either of paragraphs 1 and 2, One or more of the above sector sweep frames, comprising a first set of sector sweep frames and a second set of sector sweep frames, The first set and the second set are, transmitted over different time domains, The sector ID of the first set above is, which is different from the sector ID of the second set above, Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

4. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, The above feedback information is: Included in the sector sweep feedback field of the sector sweep frame received from the external electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

5. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 4, The above feedback information is: Included in the sub-carrier select field of the above sector sweep feedback field, Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

6. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) to: In response to receiving the above feedback information, transmit a sector sweep feedback frame, To receive a sector sweep acknowledgement frame from the external electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), The above sector sweep feedback frame is, Among the sector sweep frames received from the above external electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), the sector ID of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal; and Among the sector sweep frames received from the above external electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), the subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal An electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) comprising:

7. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 6, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) to: Based on the above feedback information, determine a sector ID and a subcarrier group to be mapped to each of one or more external electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), To transmit data to each of said one or more external electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) based on the determined sector ID and the determined subcarrier group. Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

8. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The above electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) configured to perform analog beamforming, Electronic devices (302; 1001; 1261; 1904).

9. In electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901), A wireless communication circuit configured to transmit and receive wireless signals (1110; 1992); a processor (1120; 1920) operatively connected to said wireless communication circuit; and Memory to store instructions (1130; 1930) Including, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) to: Receiving one or more sector sweep frames for beamforming from an external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) via a millimeter wave band, Based on the subcarriers of the above millimeter wave band, feedback information for the one or more sector sweep frames is transmitted to the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904), The above feedback information is: The sector ID of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal among the one or more sector sweep frames; and Subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal above An electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) comprising:

10. In paragraph 9, One or more of the above sector sweep frames, Contains a set of sector sweep frames having the same sector ID, Each of the sector sweep frames having the same sector ID as above, Transmitted through different subcarriers in the same time domain, Electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901).

11. In either of paragraphs 9 and 10, One or more of the above sector sweep frames, comprising a first set of sector sweep frames and a second set of sector sweep frames, The first set and the second set are, transmitted over different time domains, The sector ID of the first set above is, which is different from the sector ID of the second set above, Electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901).

12. In any one of paragraphs 9 to 11, The above feedback information is: Included in the sector sweep feedback field of the sector sweep frame transmitted by the electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) to the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904), Electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901).

13. In any one of paragraphs 9 to 12, The above feedback information Included in the sub-carrier select field of the above sector sweep feedback field, Electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901).

14. In any one of paragraphs 9 to 13, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) to: Receive a sector sweep feedback frame from the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904), To transmit a sector sweep acknowledgement frame to the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904), The above sector sweep feedback frame is, Among the one or more sector sweep frames, the sector ID of the sector sweep frame received by the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) as the strongest signal; and Subcarrier index of the sector sweep frame received with the strongest signal to the above external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) An electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) comprising:

15. In any one of paragraphs 9 to 14, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the processor, cause the electronic device (301; 1101; 1262; 1901) to: Based on the above feedback information, the sector ID and subcarrier index are determined, To transmit data to the external electronic device (302; 1001; 1261; 1904) based on the determined sector ID and the determined subcarrier index. Electronic devices (301; 1101; 1262; 1901).

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