Apparatus and method for controlling energy harvesting in wireless communication system

Abstract

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first energizing signal (ES) from a second device; transmitting energy state information to the second device; receiving, from the second device, a control signal based on the energy state information, the control signal being associated with one or more among a time resource, a frequency resource, power, a beam, a transmission and reception point (TRP), and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS); receiving, from the second device, a second ES and a first link signal multiplexed on the basis of the control information; transmitting a second link signal to the second device, wherein the second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-multiplexed or frequency-multiplexed, the first ES and the second ES are based on a carrier wave (CW), and the first ES and the second ES are related to energy supply for the first device.

Description

Device and method for controlling energy harvesting in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a device and method for controlling energy harvesting in a wireless communication system.

[0002]

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication services, such as voice and data. Typically, wireless communication systems are multiple access systems that support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power). Examples of multiple access systems include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA).

[0004]

[0005] To solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure provides a device and method for controlling energy harvesting in a wireless communication system.

[0006] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007]

[0008] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first device is provided, comprising: receiving a first energizing signal (ES) from a second device; transmitting energy state information to the second device; receiving a control signal from the second device based on the energy state information, the control signal being associated with at least one of a time resource, a frequency resource, a power, a beam, a transmission and reception point (TRP), and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS); receiving a second ES and a first link signal multiplexed based on the control information from the second device; and transmitting the second link signal to the second device, wherein the second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, the first ES and the second ES are based on a CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are associated with energy supply to the first device.

[0009] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method is provided, comprising: transmitting a first energizing signal (ES) to a first device; receiving energy state information from the first device; transmitting a control signal to the first device based on the energy state information, the control signal being associated with at least one of a time resource, a frequency resource, a power, a beam, a transmission and reception point (TRP), and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS); transmitting a second ES and a first link signal multiplexed based on the control information to the first device; and receiving a second link signal from the first device, wherein the second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, the first ES and the second ES are based on a CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are associated with energy supply to the first device.

[0010] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: a transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform operations, wherein the operations include all steps of a method performed by the first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0011] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: a transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform operations, wherein the operations include all steps of a method performed by the second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0012] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a control device for controlling a first device in a wireless communication system is provided, the control device including at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, the operations including all steps of a method performed by the first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0013] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a control device for controlling a second device in a wireless communication system is provided, the control device including at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, the operations including all steps of a method performed by the second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations including all steps of a method performed by a first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations including all steps of a method performed by a second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016]

[0017] To solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure can provide a device and method for controlling energy harvesting in a wireless communication system.

[0018]

[0019] The accompanying drawings are intended to aid in understanding the present disclosure and, together with detailed descriptions, may provide embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited to specific drawings, and the features disclosed in each drawing may be combined with each other to form new embodiments. Reference numerals in each drawing may indicate structural elements.

[0020] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical channels used in a system applicable to the present disclosure and a general signal transmission method using the same.

[0021] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless frame structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an example of a slot structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a slot structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an RF energy harvesting circuit in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of power consumption according to the operating state of a device type / class(es) having energy storage capability in a system applicable to the present disclosure, and the device energy state at that time.

[0026] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a first device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a first device and a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0029]

[0030] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A or B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A or B” may be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A, B or C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.”

[0031] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0032] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Furthermore, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as equivalent to “at least one of A and B.”

[0033] Additionally, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0034] Additionally, parentheses used in various embodiments of the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in various embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDDCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0035] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0036]

[0037] Common signal transmission methods in 3GPP

[0038] Physical channels and general signal transmission

[0039] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical channels used in a system applicable to the present disclosure and a general signal transmission method using these channels. Specifically, FIG. 1 illustrates physical channels used in a 3GPP system and general signal transmission.

[0040] Figure 1 illustrates the physical channels and typical signal transmission used in the 3GPP system. In a wireless communication system, a terminal receives information from a base station via the downlink (DL), and the terminal transmits information to the base station via the uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received between the base station and the terminal includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information they transmit and receive.

[0041] When a terminal is powered on again from a powered-off state or newly enters a cell, it performs an initial cell search operation, such as synchronizing with the base station (S11). To this end, the terminal receives the PSCH (Primary Synchronization Channel) and SSCH (Secondary Synchronization Channel) from the base station to synchronize with the base station and obtain information such as the cell ID (cell identity). In addition, the terminal can obtain broadcast information within the cell by receiving the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) from the base station. In addition, the terminal can receive the DL RS (Downlink Reference Signal) during the initial cell search phase to check the downlink channel status.

[0042] A terminal that has completed initial cell search can obtain more specific system information by receiving a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) and a corresponding PDSCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) (S12).

[0043] Thereafter, the terminal may perform a random access procedure to complete connection to the base station (S13-S16). Specifically, the terminal may transmit a preamble via a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13) and receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble via a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a corresponding PDSCH (S14). Thereafter, the terminal may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and perform a contention resolution procedure such as a PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH (S16).

[0044] A terminal that has performed the above-described procedure can then perform PDCCH / PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH / PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) transmission (S18) as general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedures. Control information that the terminal transmits to the base station is referred to as UCI (Uplink Control Information). UCI includes HARQ ACK / NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CSI (Channel State Information), etc. CSI includes CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indication), etc. UCI is generally transmitted through PUCCH, but can be transmitted through PUSCH when control information and data must be transmitted simultaneously. In addition, the terminal can aperiodically transmit UCI through PUSCH according to a request / instruction of the network.

[0045]

[0046] OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) Numerology

[0047] The new RAT system uses OFDM transmission scheme or a similar transmission scheme. The new RAT system may follow OFDM parameters different from those of LTE. Alternatively, the new RAT system may follow the existing LTE / LTE-A numerology but have a larger system bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz). Alternatively, a single cell may support multiple numerologies. That is, UEs operating under different numerologies can coexist within a single cell.

[0048]

[0049] Radio frame structure

[0050] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0051] In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. A radio frame is 10 ms long and is defined by two 5 ms half-frames (HF). Each half-frame is defined by five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). When a regular CP is used, each slot contains 14 symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0052] Table 1 illustrates that when CP is normally used, the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary depending on the SCS.

[0053] SCS (15*2^u)N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot 15KHz (u=0)1410130KHz (u=1)1420260KHz (u=2)14404120KHz (u=3)14808240KHz (u=4)1416016

[0054] N slot symb is the number of symbols in the slot. N frame,u slotis the number of slots in the frame. N subframe,u slot is the number of slots within a subframe.

[0055]

[0056] Table 2 illustrates that when extended CP is used, the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary depending on the SCS.

[0057] SCS (15*2^u)N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot 60KHz (u=2)12404

[0058] NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacings (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, an SCS of 15 kHz supports wide areas in traditional cellular bands; an SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz supports dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and an SCS of 60 kHz or higher supports bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0059] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) can be as shown in Table 3 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean the "sub 6 GHz range", and FR2 can mean the "above 6 GHz range" and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0060] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1450MHz - 6000MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0061] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 may include a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency band above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included within FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes, such as for vehicular communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0062] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0063] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (conveniently referred to as TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells.

[0064]

[0065] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an example of a slot structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0066] A slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a slot contains 7 symbols for a regular CP, but 6 symbols for an extended CP. A carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Resource Block (RB) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Bandwidth Part (BWP) is defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs in the frequency domain, and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can contain up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed through activated BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for a single terminal. Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), to which one complex symbol can be mapped.

[0067]

[0068] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a slot structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0069] Fig. 4 is an exemplary system, illustrating the slot structure of a frame of an NR system.

[0070] The frame structure of NR is characterized by a self-contained structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and UL control channel can all be included in a single slot unit, as shown in the example of FIG. 4. At this time, DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, etc. can be transmitted in the DL control channel, and ACK / NACK information for DL ​​data, CSI information (modulation and coding scheme information, MIMO transmission-related information, etc.), scheduling requests, etc. can be transmitted in the UL control channel. In FIG. 4, a time gap for DL-to-UL or UL-to-DL switching may exist between the control region and the data region. In addition, some of DL control / DL data / UL data / UL control may not be configured within a single slot. Or, the order of each channel configuring a single slot may be different. (For example, DL control / DL data / UL control / UL data or UL control / UL data / DL control / DL data, etc.)

[0071]

[0072] Technical terms used in this disclosure

[0073] - SSB: Synchronization Signal Block

[0074] - MIB: Master Information Block

[0075] - RMSI: Remaining Minimum System Information

[0076] - FR1: Frequency Range 1. Refers to the frequency range below 6 GHz (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz).

[0077] - FR2: Frequency Range 2. Refers to the millimeter wave (mmWave) range above 24 GHz (e.g., 24250 MHz to 52600 MHz).

[0078] - BW: Bandwidth

[0079] - BWP: Bandwidth Part

[0080] - RNTI: Radio Network Temporary Identifier

[0081] - CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check

[0082] - SIB: System Information Block

[0083] - SIB1: SIB1 for NR devices = RMSI (Remaining Minimum System Information). Broadcasts information necessary for NR terminals to connect to the cell.

[0084] - CORESET (COntrol REsource SET): Time / frequency resource for NR terminal to attempt candidate PDCCH decoding

[0085] - CORESET#0: CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS set for NR devices (configured in MIB)

[0086] - Type0-PDCCH CSS set: a search space set in which an NR UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates for a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a SI-RNTI

[0087] - MO: PDCCH Monitoring Occasion for Type0-PDCCH CSS set

[0088] - SIB1-R: (additional) SIB1 for reduced capability NR devices. May be limited to cases where it is generated as a separate TB from SIB1 and transmitted on a separate PDSCH.

[0089] - CORESET#0-R: CORESET#0 for reduced capability NR devices

[0090] - Type0-PDCCH-R CSS set: a search space set in which an redcap UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates for a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a SI-RNTI

[0091] - MO-R: PDCCH Monitoring Occasion for Type0-PDCCH CSS set

[0092] - Cell defining SSB (CD-SSB): SSB containing RMSI scheduling information among NR SSBs

[0093] Non-cell defining SSB (non-CD-SSB): An SSB that is placed in the NR sync raster but does not contain RMSI scheduling information for the corresponding cell for measurement purposes. However, it may contain information indicating the location of the cell defining SSB.

[0094] - SCS: subcarrier spacing

[0095] - SI-RNTI: System Information Radio-Network Temporary Identifier

[0096] - Camp on: "Camp on" is the UE state in which the UE stays on a cell and is ready to initiate a potential dedicated service or to receive an ongoing broadcast service.

[0097] - TB: Transport Block

[0098] - RSA (Redcap standalone): Redcap device 또는 service만 지원하는 cell.

[0099] - SIB1(-R)-PDSCH: SIB1(-R)을 전송하는 PDSCH

[0100] - SIB1(-R)-DCI: SIB1(-R)-PDSCH를 scheduling하는 DCI. DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by SI-RNTI.

[0101] - SIB1(-R)-PDCCH: SIB1(-R)-DCI를 전송하는 PDCCH

[0102] - FDRA: Frequency Domain Resource Allocation

[0103] - TDRA: Time Domain Resource Allocation

[0104] - RA: Random Access

[0105] - MSGA: preamble and payload transmissions of the random access procedure for 2-step RA type.

[0106] - MSGB: response to MSGA in the 2-step random access procedure. MSGB may consist of response(s) for contention resolution, fallback indication(s), and backoff indication.

[0107] - RO-N: RO (RACH Occasion) for normal UE 4-step RACH and 2-step RACH (if configured)

[0108] - RO-N1, RO-N2: When a separate RO is set for normal UE 2-step RACH, it is divided into RO-N1 (4-step) and RO-N2 (2-step).

[0109] - RO-R: RO (RACH Occasion) set separately from RO-N for redcap UE 4-step RACH and 2-step RACH (if configured)

[0110] - RO-R1, RO-R2: When separate ROs are set for redcap UE 2-step RACH, they are distinguished as RO-R1 (4-step) and RO-R2 (2-step).

[0111] - PG-R: MsgA-Preambles Group for redcap UEs

[0112] - RAR: Random Access Response

[0113] - RAR window: the time window to monitor RA response(s)

[0114] - FH: Frequency Hopping

[0115] - iBWP: initial BWP

[0116] - iBWP-DL(-UL): initial DL(UL) BWP

[0117] - iBWP-DL(-UL)-R: (separate) initial DL(UL) BWP for RedCap

[0118] - CS: Cyclic shift

[0119] - NB: Narrowband

[0120] - TO: Traffic Offloading

[0121] - mMTC; massive Machine Type Communications

[0122] - eMBB: enhanced Mobile Broadband Communication

[0123] - URLLC: Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication

[0124] - RedCap: Reduced Capability

[0125] - eRedCap: enhanced RedCap

[0126] - FDD: Frequency Division Duplex

[0127] - HD-FDD: Half-Duplex-FDD

[0128] - DRX: Discontinuous Reception

[0129] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0130] - RRM: Radio Resource Management

[0131] - IWSN: Industrial Wireless Sensor Network

[0132] - LPWA: Low Power Wide Area

[0133] - RB: Resource Block

[0134] - CCE: Control Channel Element

[0135] - AL: Aggregation Level

[0136] - PRG: Physical Resource-block Group

[0137] - DFT-s-OFDM: DFT-spread OFDM

[0138] - PBCH: Physical Broadcast Channel

[0139] - A-PBCH: Additional PBCH

[0140] - BD: blind detection

[0141] - EPRE: Energy Per RE

[0142] - SNR: Signal-to-Noise Ratio

[0143] - TDM: Time Division Multiplexing

[0144] - FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0145] - DMRS: DeModulation Reference Signal

[0146] - TDD: Time Division Duplex

[0147] - PCI: Physical layer Cell ID

[0148] - EH: Energy Harvesting

[0149] - EH device: A device that operates based on EH. It can include all of Device A / B / C being discussed in 3GPP. In addition, although this disclosure primarily considers RF EH, an EH device does not necessarily have to be RF EH-based.

[0150] - ES: Energizing Signal (RF signal for energy supply to support RF energy harvesting)

[0151] - ET: Energy Transfer

[0152] - CW: Carrier Wave (carrier wave for backscattering modulation). It is not limited to a single-tone or continuous wave. It includes the meaning of a signal / channel defined / configured for a backscatter device to perform backscatter modulation.

[0153] - R: Reader / interrogator. This is a standard RFID term. In the 3GPP Ambient IoT context, readers can include gNB / eNB, intermediate / assisting nodes, and UEs, depending on the topology. Furthermore, Ambient IoT is not limited to 4G / 5G communication systems, and can include base stations, intermediate / assisting nodes, and UEs in next-generation communication systems.

[0154] - T: Tag / ambient IoT device. RFID standard term. In this disclosure, it can be interchanged with EH device, and in the 3GPP Ambient IoT context, it mainly refers to Ambient IoT device, Device A / B / C.

[0155] - R=>T: Reader-to-Tag or Reader-to-Tag communication link. If the base station or intermediate / assisting node is the reader, it can have the same meaning as DL.

[0156] - T=>R: Tag-to-Reader or Tag-to-Reader communication link. If the base station or intermediate / assisting node is the reader, it may have the same meaning as UL.

[0157] - R<=>T: Includes cases where R=>T and T=>R, or R=>T or T=>R. It may be the case that both R=>T and T=>R apply.

[0158] - BS: Base Station

[0159] - UE: User Equipment. In the case of LTE, NR, or next-generation communication systems, this refers to the LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system UE / terminal, respectively. This is a general wireless communication terminal type, distinct from Ambient IoT devices or Device A / B / C.

[0160] - Device: Unless otherwise stated, and when used alone, refers to EH device, Ambient IoT device, or Device A / B / C indiscriminately.

[0161] - F-gap: Frequency gap

[0162] - T-gap: Time gap

[0163] - TD: Time Domain

[0164] - FD: Frequency Domain

[0165] - PEI: Paging Early Indication

[0166] - LP-WUS: Low-Power Wake-Up Signal

[0167] - LP-SS: Low-Power Synchronization Signal

[0168] - RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power

[0169] - ESRP: ES Received Power. This may refer to RSRP measured using ES. It may have the same meaning as ES-RSRP.

[0170] - PRB: Physical Resource Block

[0171] - EH circuit: A circuit that performs EH operations. An EH device can be viewed as containing an EH circuit in component form.

[0172] - PHR: Power Headroom Report

[0173] - EHR: Energy Headroom Report

[0174]

[0175] Composition and Method of the Invention

[0176] In this disclosure, '()' can be interpreted as both excluding the content within () and including the content within the parentheses.

[0177] In this disclosure, ' / ' may mean including all of the contents separated by / (and) or including only some of the contents separated by / (or).

[0178] 5G The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently attracted significant attention in the wireless communications world. By reducing the size, complexity, and power consumption of IoT devices and installing and connecting hundreds of billions to trillions of IoT devices, it can be applied to various application fields. Specifically, 3GPP SA1 is discussing use cases, scenarios, and KPIs for these IoT devices, which are captured in 3GPP TR 22.840. Furthermore, 3GPP RAN is conducting research on IoT communications using the following SID objectives, and the output of this study is captured in 3GPP TR 38.848.

[0179]

[0180] This study targets a new 3GPP IoT technology suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for very low-end IoT applications. The study should provide clear differentiation, i.e., address use cases and scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP LPWA IoT technologies, such as NB-IoT, including reduced peak Tx power.

[0181]

[0182] In terms of energy storage, this study will consider the following device characteristics:

[0183] - Pure batteryless devices with no energy storage capability at all, and completely dependent on the availability of an external source of energy

[0184] - Devices with limited energy storage capability that do not need to be replaced or recharged manually.

[0185]

[0186] Device categorization based on corresponding characteristics (e.g., energy source, energy storage capability, passive / active transmission, etc.) may be discussed during the study in relation to relevant use cases. The device's peak power consumption shall be limited by its practical form factor for the intended use cases, and its energy source shall be taken into account.

[0187]

[0188] - Identify suitable deployment scenarios and their characteristics, at least for the use cases / services agreed in SA1's "Study on Ambient power-enabled internet of Things," comprising among at least the following aspects:

[0189] - Indoor / outdoor environment

[0190] - Basestation characteristics, e.g. macro / micro / pico cell-based deployments

[0191] - Connectivity topologies, including which node(s), e.g., basestation, UE, relay, repeater, etc., can communicate with target devices.

[0192] - TDD / FDD and frequency bands in licensed or unlicensed spectrum

[0193] - Coexistence with UEs and infrastructure in frequency bands for existing 3GPP technologies

[0194] - Device originated and / or device terminated traffic assumption

[0195] NOTE: More than one deployment scenario can be identified for a use case, and a deployment scenario may be common to more than one use case.

[0196] NOTE: If more than one deployment scenario is identified for a use case, the trade-offs between them should also be studied.

[0197] NOTE: This study does not prioritize deployment aspects that should be coordinated with SA (e.g., public or private networks, with or without CN connectivity).

[0198] NOTE: A representative use case can be studied for a group of use cases that have similar requirements.

[0199]

[0200] Formulate a set of RAN design targets based on the identified deployment scenarios and their characteristics for the relevant use cases, at least including:

[0201] - Power consumption

[0202] - Complexity

[0203] - Coverage

[0204] - Data transfer speed (- Data rate)

[0205] - Positioning accuracy

[0206] NOTE: The requirements from SA1 on the relevant use cases shall be taken into consideration.

[0207] NOTE: This study aims to provide better coverage compared to existing non-3GPP technologies for relevant use cases.

[0208] NOTE: Other RAN design targets related to connection density, mobility, security, latency, reliability, etc. may be discussed, if necessary, for relevant use cases.

[0209] NOTE: Detailed definitions of the RAN design targets should be discussed during the study.

[0210]

[0211] - Compare and assess the feasibility of meeting the design goals for relevant use cases based on appropriate deployment scenarios, and identify assumptions about required functionality to be supported.

[0212] NOTE: This does not require a detailed WG-level analysis.

[0213]

[0214] Note: This study targets an IoT segment well below the existing 3GPP IoT technologies (e.g., NB-IoT, eMTC, RedCap, etc.). This study does not aim to replace existing 3GPP LPWA technologies.

[0215]

[0216] The IoT devices that 3GPP is studying will primarily feature maintenance-free operation, meaning they can be used permanently without battery replacement. The 3GPP SA1 study results document, TR 22.840, documented the potential for energy harvesting from RF signals, highlighting the following advantages of this RF energy harvesting method.

[0217] The main advantage of RF-based energy harvesting is its availability in deployed environments and the fact that RF power is controllable (e.g., power can be sent by a transmitter on demand or periodically). Potential applications include logistics / warehouses, manufacturing, smart homes, health monitoring, and environmental monitoring.

[0218] The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for controlling a device based on RF energy harvesting (hereinafter referred to as EH device) in a wireless communication system.

[0219] In the present disclosure, a wireless communication system may include the meaning of a conventional wireless communication system such as LTE, NR, etc., and a 6G or next-generation communication system.

[0220] In the present disclosure, the EH device may include all of Device A / B / C under consideration in the 3GPP RAN study, and thus, the present disclosure may be applied to all of Device A / B / C. In addition, according to the proposal of the invention, the EH device is not limited to Device A / B / C or the device types / classes under consideration in 3GPP, and may be a comprehensive meaning of a general device that is primarily or auxiliaryly supplied with energy through energy harvesting.

[0221] [Device types / categories / set of devices / classes under study in 3GPP RAN]

[0222] (1) Device A: No energy storage, no independent signal generation, i.e. backscattering transmission

[0223] (1-1) Complexity comparable to UHF passive RFID

[0224] (2) Device B: Has energy storage, no independent signal generation, i.e., backscattering transmission. Use of stored energy can include amplification of reflected signals.

[0225] (2-1) Complexity to be somewhere b / w Device A and C

[0226] (3) Device C: Has energy storage, has independent signal generation, i.e. active RF component for transmission

[0227] (3-2) Complexity is orders of magnitude lower than NB-IoT.

[0228] The present disclosure may be applied to all of the following four connection topologies under consideration in the 3GPP RAN study, and may not be limited thereto depending on the invention's proposal.

[0229] [Connection topologies under study in 3GPP RAN]

[0230] - Topology (1): BS <-> Ambient IoT device

[0231] NOTE: Includes the possibility of BS Rx and BS Tx in different BSs.

[0232] - Topology (2): BS <-> intermediate node <-> Ambient IoT device

[0233] NOTE: Intermediate nodes can be relays, IABs, UEs, repeaters, etc., which are capable of ambient IoT.

[0234] - Topology (3): BS <-> Assisting Node <-> Ambient IoT Device <-> BS (Topology (3): BS <-> Assisting Node <-> Ambient IoT Device <-> BS)

[0235] NOTE: Assisting nodes can be relays, IABs, UEs, repeaters, etc., which are capable of ambient IoT.

[0236] - Topology (4): UE <-> Ambient IoT device

[0237] In the present disclosure, R=>T, T=>R, and R<=>T include cases where R and T are one or more in each case. In addition, when there are multiple Rs, the cases where each R is the same node / entity and the cases where each R is different nodes / entities can be included. Accordingly, the proposed methods of the present disclosure can be applied to all possible combinations in which one or more R(s) transmit an ES / R=>T signal / channel to one or more T(s) at the same or different nodes / locations. In addition, in the case of R<=>T, it can include R1=>T=>R2 (R1 and R2 are the same or different nodes / entities. When they are different, it is also called a bi-static configuration / set-up).

[0238]

[0239] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an RF energy harvesting circuit in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0240] An EH device may require an EH using ES for communication. The RF energy harvesting circuit may be configured, for example, as shown in Fig. 5.

[0241] (1) Matching network: Consists of inductive and capacitive elements and ensures maximum power delivery from the antenna to the voltage multiplier.

[0242] (2) Voltage multiplier: Converts the incident RF power into DC power.

[0243] (2-1) Increasing the number of multiplier stages produces higher voltage, yet reduces the current slowing down the charging of the energy storage capacitor.

[0244] (2-2) Conversely, fewer multiplier stages will ensure quick charging of the capacitor, but the voltage generated across it may be insufficient to drive the device.

[0245] (3) Energy storage: Provides smooth power delivery to the load and serves as a reserve for periods when external energy is insufficient or unavailable.

[0246] (4) Note: The EH circuit may contain its own energy storage (even if small), and separately, the EH device may contain separate energy storage (e.g., capacitor or charging batter), as described below.

[0247] For some device types / classes (e.g., Device B / C), energy storage capability, i.e. capacitor or charging battery, may be provided for the following purposes:

[0248] (1) Securing stable energy at the time of reception / transmission

[0249] (2) Operation of low-power communication module through energy storage in low RF energy state

[0250] (2-1) For example, the minimum RF Rx sensitivity for operating a low-power communication module may be -20 dBm, and the minimum Rx sensitivity for energy harvesting may be -20 dBm. In this case, if the ambient IoT device Rx power ranges between -30 and -20 dBm, communication is impossible without a capacitor, and communication may be possible after a charging time with a capacitor.

[0251] (3) Energy harvested from different energy sources (e.g., solar, thermal, wind, kinetic, etc.) is accumulated in a capacitor and the low-power communication module is operated at the desired time.

[0252]

[0253] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of power consumption according to the operating state of a device type / class(es) having energy storage capability in a system applicable to the present disclosure, and the device energy state at that time.

[0254] [Example] Power consumption according to device operating status, and example of device energy state at that time

[0255] Figure 6 is an example of power consumption according to the operating state of a device type / class(es) with energy storage capability, and the device energy state at that time.

[0256] (1) In the example of Fig. 6, S1 may be a sleep state and S2 may be an active state. In addition, P1 and P2 may be power consumption in the S1 and S2 states, respectively.

[0257] (2) Active state may refer to a state in which the device consumes power to perform operations such as receiving / transmitting, sensing, etc. for communication. Sleep state may be a state that is not active.

[0258] (3) The example in Fig. 6 is an example of device energy state.

[0259] (4) E1, E2 values ​​may vary by device (type / class) and may be reported to the R / base station as device capability parameters.

[0260] (5) E2 can be defined as the energy value in the buffer state, and E1 can be defined as the minimum energy value required in the active state.

[0261] (6) The transition from S1 to S2 is possible only when the device energy state value is Alt.B1) E2, or has reached E2, or is greater than Alt.B2) E1, i.e., in the range of E1 to E2.

[0262] (6-1) The example in Fig. 6 assumes Alt.B1.

[0263]

[0264] ES transmission method based on device energy state recognition

[0265] In situations where device energy state information cannot be acquired, the R / base station may need to allocate / manage ES transmission resources (time / freq / power / beam / TRP) based on a worst-case scenario. On the other hand, if the R / base station can recognize / acquire / use device energy state information, it can efficiently manage ES transmission resources (time / freq / power / beam / TRP) and minimize ambient IoT communication latency. In this case, the definition of communication latency may include the time required for EH / charging, if EH / charging is required.

[0266] To support the efficient management of ES transmission resources and minimize ambient IoT communication latency by enabling the R / base station to recognize, acquire, and utilize device energy state information, ambient IoT devices may need to report their energy state-related information. This device energy state-related information may include device energy state information for ES transmission control, as proposed below.

[0267] Additionally, the method of transmitting such device energy state related information to the R / base station may include the device energy state information transmission methods for ES transmission control proposed below.

[0268] T generates device energy state information for ES transmission control as proposed below and reports it to R / base station, and R / base station can increase / increase or decrease ES transmission resources (e.g., time / frequency / power resources) based on the information reported by T. Or it can increase or decrease the number of TRPs transmitting ES. For example, if ES transmission is set / allocated on a cycle basis (defined by a cycle and a transmission section within the cycle), the size of the cycle and / or the transmission section within the cycle can be increased or decreased. Or, in addition to or separately from controlling ES transmission resources, T's R<=>T signal / channel reception / transmission time can be controlled. For example, when the device energy state is not sufficient, T's R<=>T signal / channel reception / transmission time can be reduced or limited, and at the same time, ES reception frequency can be increased.

[0269]

[0270] Device energy state information for ES transmission control

[0271] Device energy state information for ES transmission control may include the following device energy capability / state related information and ES transmission request information.

[0272] Energy-related device capability parameters

[0273] Device energy-related device capability parameters may include:

[0274] (1) Presence of capacitor / battery (e.g., Device B / C can report that capacitor / battery is present, and Device A can report that capacitor / battery is absent.)

[0275] (2) Capacitor / battery capacity (e.g., Device B / C can report capacitor / battery capacity as a quantized value. Capacitor / battery capacity parameter information can replace the capacitor / battery presence / absence information. That is, the presence of the capacity information parameter can mean presence, and the absence can mean absence.)

[0276] (3) Device power class (device maximum transmission power class) (e.g., the maximum transmission power class of Device B / C may be greater than that of Device A. Alternatively, the maximum transmission power class may be reported separately / independently for Device B and Device C. In this case, device power class reporting may be omitted for Device A or a passive device.

[0277] (4) Whether active components / functions (e.g., amplifiers, mixers, etc.) are supported. This includes whether other components / functions that affect device power consumption are supported.

[0278] (5) Device type / class information (If the above parameters are mapped 1:1 by device type / class, the mapped information can be replaced)

[0279]

[0280] Energy-related device state report

[0281] Device state information related to device energy may include information such as device energy status / level, ESRP value measured at T and information based on this, EH time, etc., which are described below.

[0282] Device energy state / level (including device capacitor / battery state of charge)

[0283] Ambient IoT devices can report (in UL transmission) information such as their device energy state / level or capacitor / battery charge status, etc.

[0284] For example, in Example B1, the quantized values ​​of energy values ​​between E1 and E2 can be reported, or a threshold value between E1 and E2 can be set, and if the energy level is below / under the threshold value, it can be reported to the R / base station.

[0285] For example, the information that T reports to the R / base station could simply be information corresponding to "fully charged" or "buffered".

[0286] Alternatively, device energy state information, including device energy state / level, can be quantified and reported, such as how much more can be charged or how much is left to fully charge, by defining an energy headroom report (EHR) in a format similar to a power headroom report (PHR). T can trigger / report an EHR in the following two cases.

[0287] (1) When the ESRP (ES-RSPR) change is above a certain threshold (when the ES reception environment changes due to a change in the distance between the R / base station and T or the channel environment, and an update is required)

[0288] (2) Periodic timer-based (R / base station can set / control the period by setting the timer value)

[0289] Reporting of device energy state / level information may be supported only by Device types / classes with energy storage capability, e.g., only Device B and C among Device A / B / C.

[0290]

[0291] Report based on ESRP (ES-RSRP)

[0292] Ambient IoT devices can report (quantify) the measured ESRP values ​​themselves. ESRP (ES-RSRP)-based reports can be simplified to "ESRP bad" and / or "ESRP good" / "ESRP good" depending on the complexity and power consumption of T. Alternatively, resource request / preference information, including the following, can be transmitted via the T=>R signal / channel based on the measured ESRP values.

[0293] (1) ES time / freq resources

[0294] (1-1) Requested / preferred ES time / freq resources information can be transmitted based on the ESRP value measured by the Ambient IoT device.

[0295] (1-2) Including cases where time / freq resource units are defined by pre-definition / configuration or R / T configuration / instruction, and the number of (repetitions) of unit resources along the requested / preferred time / freq axis is transmitted. Time / freq resource units can be in the form of {X OFDM symbols, Y PRBs}, for example, and can be defined for each SCS.

[0296] (1-3) For example,

[0297] (1-3-1) In case of low ESRP, transmit information requesting / preferring a large value of ES time / freq resource,

[0298] (1-3-2) In case of high ESRP, information requesting / preferring small values ​​of ES time / freq resources can be transmitted.

[0299] (2) ES Tx power resources

[0300] (2-1) Based on the ESRP value measured by the device, the requested / preferred ES transmission power value or power increase / decrease / maintenance information can be transmitted.

[0301] (2-2) For the above operation, N-1 ESRP thresholds are defined, and the device can transmit one of N values ​​or an index (0 to N-1) corresponding to the value based on the measured ESRP and ESRP threshold. Alternatively, the device can transmit requested / preferred ES transmission power increase / decrease / maintenance information based on the measured ESRP and ESRP threshold.

[0302] (2-3) [Example P1] When N=2

[0303] (2-3-1) Define one threshold and two ES transmission power levels, P1 and P2 (>P1), by pre-definition / setting or R / T setting / instruction,

[0304] (2-3-2) low ESRP, i.e., if ESRP < (or <=) threshold, request / prefer ES transmit power level P2,

[0305] (2-3-3) high ESRP, i.e., if ESRP >= (or >) threshold, ES transmit power level P1 can be requested / preferred.

[0306] (2-4) [Example P2] When N=3

[0307] (2-4-1) Define two thresholds, T1 and T2 (>T1), and ES transmission power level increase / decrease unit value delta, or increase unit value delta1 and decrease unit value delta2 as separate / independent parameters by pre-definition / setting or R / T setting / instruction,

[0308] (2-4-2) low ESRP, i.e., if ESRP < (or <=) T1, request / prefer ES transmit power level increase, i.e., +delta or +delta1,

[0309] (2-4-3) If high ESRP, i.e. ESRP >= (or >) T2, ES transmit power level reduction, i.e. -delta or -delta2, may be requested / preferred.

[0310] (3) ES time / freq and power resources

[0311] (3-1) Based on the ESRP value measured by the device, requested / preferred ES time / freq resources information and ES Tx power resource information can be transmitted simultaneously.

[0312] (3-2) For this method, the requested / preferred ES time / freq resources and ES Tx power information corresponding to each ESRP value range measured by the device can be defined in advance in the form of a table, and the device can transmit the index value of the table based on the measured ESRP value.

[0313]

[0314] Time to EH (Time taken to EH)

[0315] Ambient IoT devices can report the time spent in EH and TEH information to the R / base station. TEH can be defined as the time elapsed from the start of ES reception to the completion of EH. TEH can start a counter at the start of ES reception and report the counter value at the completion of EH. The completion of EH can be defined as follows.

[0316] (1) The point at which the capacitor / battery is charged to Z%

[0317] (1-1) For example, when Z = 100, it can be the point of being fully charged, or the point of reaching the value E2 in Example B1. The definition of the point of being fully charged can include the concepts of TEH,1 and TEH,2 in Example B1. That is, it can include the meaning of cases where the energy value of the capacitor / battery starts from a state close to 0 and a state close to E1, or it can report the point of being fully charged starting from the previous lowest energy state. In this case, it can report TEH,1 or TEH,2 depending on the point in time and the device operation profile.

[0318] (2) The first time when R=>T reception and / or T=>R transmission becomes possible

[0319] (2-1) It may vary by device and may not be in a buffered state. In example B1, it may be the point at which the E1 value is reached.

[0320] The time required for EH can be determined by the following factors:

[0321] (1) The ES power received at the input of the RF-to-DC converter is again a function of:

[0322] (1-1) ES Tx power (may be frequency selective)

[0323] (1-2) Tx and Rx antenna gain

[0324] (1-3) distance from R to T

[0325] (2) RF-to-DC conversion efficiency which is also dependent on the ES waveform

[0326] (3) Capacity of capacitor or a charging battery (capacitance)

[0327]

[0328] ES request information

[0329] T may be information directly requesting ES (additional) transmission from the R / base station. The ES request information may be information determined based on the energy-related device capability / state information / parameters of T. For example, an event requesting ES request information by T, or an ES request information trigger condition, may include the following.

[0330] (1) When the device energy state / level (including device capacitor / battery state of charge) is below / below a specific value

[0331] (2) When the ESRP (ES-RSRP) value is below / under a specific value

[0332] (3) If the Time to EH (time spent on EH) exceeds / is greater than a certain value

[0333]

[0334] Method for transmitting device energy state information for ES transmission control

[0335] As a method of transmitting device energy state information for ES transmission control, a method by R / base station (pre-)setting, a method by R / base station dynamic instruction, etc. are proposed.

[0336] Device energy state information for ES transmission control can transmit information that is as simplified as possible to minimize complexity or power consumption. For example, it can report / transmit information such as the ES request, fully charged or buffered status, or ESRP bad / good / enough, as described above. Alternatively, T can replace the device energy state information reporting / transmission by simply reporting / transmitting ACK / NACK information. ACK / NACK information can report / transmit whether R=>T reception and / or T=>R transmission were successful. Compared to the method of reporting / transmitting energy state, there may be an advantage in that the R / base station can utilize it for retransmission.

[0337] This simplified form of device energy state information or ACK / NACK information reporting / transmission can be reported / transmitted via dedicated resources, or similarly to the case of NACK only feedback introduced in Rel-17 MBS, via shared T=>R resources (between Ts).

[0338] In addition, the above device energy state information or ACK / NACK information reporting / transmission may be reporting / transmitting the status / result(s) from the previous cycle or transmission opportunity when reporting / transmitting through periodically configured / allocated resources. For example, in periodically configured / allocated reporting / transmitting resources, if transmission opportunities that arrive at each cycle are represented as {쪋, N-1, N, N+1, 쪋} occasions, T, where T=>R transmission fails due to insufficient energy or other reasons in the Nth occasion, may report / transmit energy state information or ACK / NACK information from the previous Nth transmission (together with the N+1th result) when transmission becomes possible in the N+1st occasion. Alternatively, results from the previous M occasions may be reported / transmitted. The R / base station can utilize these reporting / transmission results for resource reuse, unnecessary latency removal, and retransmission when ACK / NACK information is reported / transmitted.

[0339]

[0340] Method by R / base station (pre-)setting

[0341] The method by (pre-)setting the R / base station may be a method in which the R / base station (pre-)sets / allocates resources for reporting / transmitting device energy state information, and T reports / transmits the device energy state information using the resources set / allocated (pre-) by the R / base station.

[0342] Resources for reporting / transmitting device energy state information may be set / allocated / instructed periodically (during a specific time interval). Here, the meaning of "periodically" may include the meaning of "periodically repeating a specific pattern." This may be for the purpose of supporting periodic ES transmission resource control of R / base station and / or R<=>T reception / transmission resource control of T through periodic device energy state information reporting / transmitting.

[0343] [Method #P1] For T=>R transmission of the above information using resources set / allocated (in advance) by the R / base station, the R / base station can transmit ES on the (in advance) set / allocated resources or before or from the start point of the resources.

[0344] For the above purpose, the R / base station can allocate ES transmission resources (in pairs with T=>R resources) to the (preliminary) configured / allocated resources or before or from the resource start point. T may always assume ES transmission in the ES transmission resources configured / allocated in the above manner. To support method #P1, T may store the resource information configured / allocated (preliminarily) by the R / base station, or determine the transmission time based on the ES reception time without storing it. Method #P1 can be applied to all device types / classes (e.g., Device A / B / C) (regardless of energy storage).

[0345] [Method #P2] For T=>R transmission of the above information using resources set / allocated (in advance) by the R / base station, the R / base station may not transmit a separate ES.

[0346] In this case, the R / base station may not set up / allocate a separate ES transmission resource for the T=>R transmission of the above information, or may not transmit ES on the resource while it is set up / allocated. T may not assume ES transmission on the ES transmission resource set up / allocated in the above manner, and therefore:

[0347] (1) Alt.P1) T can perform T=R transmission of the above information only when ES is received or when EH is established (above a certain level) through ES.

[0348] (2) Alt.P2) Or, since ES cannot always be assumed from the T position, if it exists, a separate battery / capacitor can be used to perform T=>R transmission of the above information.

[0349] (3) Alt.P3) or, Alt.P1 is applied first, but in other cases, Alt.P2 can be applied.

[0350] Method #P2 may be supported only for specific device types / classes. The specific device type / class may be, for example, a device type / class with energy storage capabilities (e.g., Device B / C).

[0351]

[0352] R / Base station dynamic instruction method

[0353] The method by R / base station dynamic instruction is a method in which R / base station can dynamically set / instruct / allow T to report the above information (along with setting / allocating transmission resources) through ES and / or R=>T signal / channel transmission for T=>R transmission of the above information, and T can transmit the device energy state information (through transmission resources set / allocated in the same way) by such setting / instruction / allowance of R / base station.

[0354] In this method, the setting / allocation of transmission resources for transmitting device energy state information may include cases where the R / base station is dynamically set / allocated as mentioned above, and cases where the R / base station is set / allocated (in advance), and the resources allocated dynamically or set / allocated (in advance) may be dedicated resources for transmitting device energy state information, or shared / common (T=>R) resources that are not limited to such purposes.

[0355] [Configuration / Instruction / Allowance Method via ES Transmission]

[0356] In the manner of setting / instructing / allowing via ES transmission, the ES transmission resources for the above purpose may be mutually distinguishable (e.g., orthogonal) signal / sequence and / or mutually distinct time / frequency resources.

[0357] [Configuration / instruction / permission method through R=>T signal / channel transmission]

[0358] Commands that configure / direct / allow reporting of the above information can be defined and transmitted via payload, or (in addition) via distinct time / frequency resources. Furthermore, information can be transmitted separately via these two methods, for example, to support cases where payload constraints exist.

[0359] [Determining the timing of transmission]

[0360] The T=>R transmission timing of the above information may be set / instructed / allowed through ES and / or R=>T signal / channel transmission, or T may start transmission after a specific time from the time of ES reception or EH completion. The specific time may be determined as a value that includes all of the time required for T to generate device energy state information and prepare for information transmission (e.g., encoding, modulation, waveform generation), the time required to prepare for T=>R signal / channel transmission, etc., and may be in time units (e.g., us, ms) or (OFDM) symbol units, slot units, etc.

[0361]

[0362] When T transmits the device energy state information through resources (preliminarily) set / allocated or by R / base station dynamic setting / instruction / permission,

[0363] (1) Alt.1) T may be required to always / mandatorily transmit the above information. Or,

[0364] (2) Alt.2) T can decide on its own whether to transmit the above information (based on certain conditions).

[0365] (2-1) Alt.2 may include a method that leaves it to device selection (i.e., device implementation) without specifying a standardized behavior, and a method in which T determines whether to transmit based on a standardized behavior.

[0366] (2-2) Specific conditions of Alt.2 may be determined based on energy-related device capability / state information / parameters of the device, and may include, for example, the following conditions.

[0367] (2-2-1) When requesting ES transmission from T (when the above ES request information is triggered)

[0368] (2-2-2) When the device energy state / level (including device capacitor / battery state of charge) is below / under a specific value

[0369] (2-2-3) If the ESRP (ES-RSRP) value is less than / less than or greater than / more than a specific value

[0370] (2-2-4) If Time to EH (Time taken for EH) is less than / less than or greater than / more than a specific value

[0371]

[0372] [Description of the first device (Tag / ambient IoT device or user equipment (UE)) claim]

[0373] The embodiments described below are specifically described with reference to FIG. 7 in terms of the operation of a first device (Tag / ambient IoT device or user equipment (UE)). The methods described below are distinguished for convenience of explanation, and it is understood that some components of one method may be substituted for some components of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other, as long as they are not mutually exclusive.

[0374] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a first device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0375] At step S710, the first device receives a first ES (energizing signal) from the second device.

[0376] At step S720, the first device transmits energy state information to the second device.

[0377] In step S730, the first device receives a control signal based on the energy state information from the second device. The control signal is related to one or more of a time resource, a frequency resource, power, a beam, a transmission and reception point (TRP), and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

[0378] At step S740, the first device receives a multiplexed second ES and a first link signal based on the control information from the second device.

[0379] At step S750, the first device transmits a second link signal to the second device.

[0380] The second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed. The first ES and the second ES are based on CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are related to energy supply to the first device.

[0381]

[0382] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy state information may be transmitted based on resources pre-allocated by the second device, or the energy state information may be transmitted after a specific time from the time of reception of the first ES or the time of completion of EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES, or the energy state information may be transmitted based on a control signal received from the second device.

[0383] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy state information may include one or more of an energy-related device capability of the first device, an energy level of the first device, an ES-reference signal received power (ES-RSRP) of the first ES, and a time to EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES. The size of a reception resource of the second ES may be based on the energy state information.

[0384] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy-related device capability may be related to the charge capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device. The energy level may be related to the state of charge of the capacitor or battery of the first device relative to the charge capacity.

[0385] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 7 may further include the steps of: receiving a request message for preferred ES reception resource information of the first device from the second device based on a comparison of the ESRP and the threshold ESRP; and transmitting the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device to the second device.

[0386] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the second ES can be received based on the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device.

[0387] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the time taken for energy harvesting (EH) based on the first ES (time to EH) may be the time taken from the start time of receiving the first ES to the completion time of the EH based on the first ES. Completion of the EH may mean that the capacitor or battery of the first device is charged to a set percentage or more, or that the first device can transmit the second link signal to the second device.

[0388] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 7 may further include a step of receiving a broadcast signal related to a resource of the first ES or the second ES from the second node.

[0389] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadcast signal may be related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resources of the first ES or the second ES.

[0390]

[0391] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device is provided in a wireless communication system. The first device includes a transceiver and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to perform the operating method of the first device according to FIG. 7.

[0392]

[0393] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus for controlling a first device in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory may be configured to store instructions for performing an operating method of the first device according to FIG. 7 based on instructions executed by the at least one processor.

[0394]

[0395] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more non-transitory computer-readable media (CRM) storing one or more instructions are provided. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, and the operations may include a method of operating a first device according to FIG. 7.

[0396]

[0397] [Description of the second device (Reader / interrogator or base station (BS)) claim]

[0398] The embodiments described below are specifically described with reference to FIG. 8 in terms of the operation of a second device (Reader / interrogator or base station (BS)). The methods described below are distinguished for convenience of explanation, and it is understood that some components of one method may be substituted for some components of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other, as long as they are not mutually exclusive.

[0399] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation process of a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0400] At step S810, the second device transmits a first ES (energizing signal) to the first device.

[0401] At step S820, the second device receives energy state information from the first device.

[0402] In step S830, the second device transmits a control signal based on the energy state information to the first device. The control signal is related to one or more of a time resource, a frequency resource, power, a beam, a transmission and reception point (TRP), and a modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

[0403] At step S840, the second device transmits a multiplexed second ES and a first link signal based on the control information to the first device.

[0404] At step S850, the second device receives a second link signal from the first device.

[0405] The second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed. The first ES and the second ES are based on CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are related to energy supply to the first device.

[0406]

[0407] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy state information may be received based on resources pre-allocated by the second device, or the energy state information may be received after a specific time from the time of transmission of the first ES or the time of completion of EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES, or the energy state information may be transmitted based on a control signal received from the second device.

[0408] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy state information may include one or more of an energy-related device capability of the first device, an energy level of the first device, an ES-reference signal received power (ES-RSRP) of the first ES, and a time to EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES. The size of a reception resource of the second ES may be based on the energy state information.

[0409] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy-related device capability may be related to the charge capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device. The energy level may be related to the state of charge of the capacitor or battery of the first device relative to the charge capacity.

[0410] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 8 may further include the steps of: transmitting a request message for preferred ES reception resource information of the first device to the first device based on a comparison of the ESRP and the threshold ESRP; and receiving the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device from the first device.

[0411] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the second ES may be transmitted based on the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device.

[0412] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the time taken for energy harvesting (EH) based on the first ES (time to EH) may be the time taken from the start time of transmission of the first ES to the completion time of the EH based on the first ES.

[0413] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, completion of the EH may mean that the capacitor or battery of the first device is charged above a set percentage, or that the first device is able to transmit the second link signal to the second device.

[0414] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 8 may further include a step of transmitting a broadcast signal related to a resource of the first ES or the second ES.

[0415] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadcast signal may be related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resources of the first ES or the second ES.

[0416]

[0417] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device is provided in a wireless communication system. The second device includes a transceiver and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor may be configured to perform the operating method of the second device according to FIG. 8.

[0418]

[0419] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus for controlling a second device in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory may be configured to store instructions for performing an operating method of the second device according to FIG. 8 based on instructions executed by the at least one processor.

[0420]

[0421] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more non-transitory computer-readable media (CRM) storing one or more commands are provided. The one or more commands, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, and the operations may include a method of operating a second device according to FIG. 8.

[0422]

[0423] Wireless devices applicable to the present disclosure

[0424] Below, examples of wireless devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied are described.

[0425] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a first device and a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0426] The first device (1600) may include a processor (1610), an antenna unit (1620), a transceiver (1630), and a memory (1640).

[0427] The processor (1610) performs baseband-related signal processing and may include a higher layer processing unit (1611) and a physical layer processing unit (1615). The higher layer processing unit (1611) may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or higher layers. The physical layer processing unit (1615) may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, when the first device (1600) is a base station device in base station-to-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1615) may perform uplink reception signal processing, downlink transmission signal processing, etc. For example, when the first device (1600) is a first terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1615) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, sidelink transmission signal processing, etc. In addition to performing baseband-related signal processing, the processor (1610) may also control the overall operation of the first device (1600).

[0428] The antenna unit (1620) may include one or more physical antennas, and when it includes multiple antennas, it may support MIMO transmission and reception. The transceiver (1630) may include an RF (Radio Frequency) transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory (1640) may store information processed by the processor (1610), and software, an operating system, applications, etc. related to the operation of the first device (1600), and may also include components such as a buffer.

[0429] The processor (1610) of the first device (1600) may be configured to implement the operation of the base station in the base station-to-terminal communication (or the operation of the first terminal device in the terminal-to-terminal communication) in the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

[0430]

[0431] The second device (1650) may include a processor (1660), an antenna unit (1670), a transceiver (1680), and a memory (1690).

[0432] The processor (1660) performs baseband-related signal processing and may include a higher layer processing unit (1661) and a physical layer processing unit (1665). The higher layer processing unit (1661) may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or higher layers. The physical layer processing unit (1665) may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, when the second device (1650) is a terminal device in base station-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1665) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, etc. For example, when the second device (1650) is a second terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1665) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, sidelink reception signal processing, etc. In addition to performing baseband-related signal processing, the processor (1660) may also control the overall operation of the second device (1660).

[0433] The antenna unit (1670) may include one or more physical antennas, and when including multiple antennas, may support MIMO transmission and reception. The transceiver (1680) may include an RF transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory (1690) may store information processed by the processor (1660), and software, an operating system, applications, etc. related to the operation of the second device (1650), and may also include components such as a buffer.

[0434] The processor (1660) of the second device (1650) may be configured to implement operations of the terminal in base station-to-terminal communication (or operations of the second terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication) in the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

[0435] In the operation of the first device (1600) and the second device (1650), the same explanations given for the base station and the terminal (or the first terminal and the second terminal in the terminal-to-terminal communication) in the examples of the present disclosure may be applied, and any duplicate explanations are omitted.

[0436]

[0437] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (1600, 1650) of the present disclosure may include various other wireless communication technologies as well as LTE, NR, and 6G.

[0438]

[0439] The claims described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method performed by a first device, A step of receiving a first ES (energizing signal) from a second device; A step of transmitting energy state information to the second device; A step of receiving a control signal based on the energy status information from the second device; The above control signal is related to one or more of time resources, frequency resources, power, beam, transmission and reception point (TRP), and modulation and coding scheme (MCS); A step of receiving a second ES and a first link signal multiplexed based on the control information from the second device; comprising a step of transmitting a second link signal to the second device; The second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, The first ES and the second ES are based on CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are related to energy supply to the first device. method.

2. In paragraph 1, The above energy status information is transmitted based on resources pre-allocated by the second device, or The energy status information is transmitted after a specific time from the time of receiving the first ES or from the time of completion of EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES, or The above energy status information is transmitted based on a control signal received from the second device. method.

3. In paragraph 1, The energy status information includes at least one of an energy related device capability of the first device, an energy level of the first device, an ESRP (ES-reference signal received power, ES-RSRP) of the first ES, and a time to EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES. The size of the receiving resource of the above second ES is based on the energy status information. method.

4. In paragraph 3, The above energy-related device capability is related to the charging capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device, The energy level is related to the state of charge relative to the charge capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device. method.

5. In paragraph 3, A step of receiving a request message for preferred ES reception resource information of the first device from the second device based on a comparison of the ESRP and the critical ESRP; Further comprising a step of transmitting the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device to the second device, The second ES is received based on the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device. method.

6. In paragraph 3, The time taken for EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES is the time taken from the start time of receiving the first ES to the completion time of the EH based on the first ES. Completion of the above EH means that the capacitor or battery of the first device is charged to a set percentage or more, or that the first device is able to transmit the second link signal to the second device. method.

7. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving a broadcast signal related to the resource of the first ES or the second ES from the second node, The above broadcast signal is related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resources of the first ES or the second ES. method.

8. In a method performed by a second device, A step of transmitting a first ES (energizing signal) to a first device; A step of receiving energy state information from the first device; A step of transmitting a control signal based on the energy status information to the first device; The above control signal is related to one or more of time resources, frequency resources, power, beam, transmission and reception point (TRP), and modulation and coding scheme (MCS); A step of transmitting a multiplexed second ES and a first link signal based on the control information to the first device; comprising a step of receiving a second link signal from the first device; The second ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, The first ES and the second ES are based on CW (carrier wave), and the first ES and the second ES are related to energy supply to the first device. method.

9. In paragraph 8, The energy status information is received based on resources pre-allocated by the second device, or The energy status information is received after a specific time from the time of transmission of the first ES or the time when EH (energy harvesting) is completed based on the first ES, or The above energy status information is transmitted based on a control signal received from the second device. method.

10. In paragraph 8, The above energy state information is, Including at least one of energy related device capability of the first device, energy level of the first device, ESRP (ES-reference signal received power, ES-RSRP) of the first ES, and time to EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES, The size of the receiving resource of the above second ES is based on the energy status information. method.

11. In paragraph 10, The above energy-related device capability is related to the charging capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device, The energy level is related to the state of charge relative to the charge capacity of the capacitor or battery of the first device. method.

12. In paragraph 10, A step of transmitting a request message for preferred ES reception resource information of the first device to the first device based on a comparison of the ESRP and the critical ESRP; Further comprising a step of receiving the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device from the first device, The second ES is transmitted based on the preferred ES reception resource information of the first device. method.

13. In paragraph 10, The time taken for EH (energy harvesting) based on the first ES is the time taken from the start time of transmission of the first ES to the completion time of the EH based on the first ES. Completion of the above EH means that the capacitor or battery of the first device is charged to a set percentage or more, or that the first device is able to transmit the second link signal to the second device. method.

14. In paragraph 8, Further comprising a step of transmitting a broadcast signal related to the resource of the first ES or the second ES, The above broadcast signal is related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resources of the first ES or the second ES. method.

15. In the first device, Transmitter and receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory operably connectable to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, perform operations; The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, First device.

16. In the second device, Transmitter and receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory operably connectable to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, perform operations; The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, Second device.

17. In a control device that controls the first device, at least one processor; and comprising at least one memory operably connected to at least one of the processors; The at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, controller.

18. In a control device that controls a second device, at least one processor; and comprising at least one memory operably connected to at least one of the processors; The at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, controller.

19. In one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, The one or more instructions perform operations based on being executed by one or more processors, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Computer readable medium.

20. In one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, The one or more instructions perform operations based on being executed by one or more processors, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, Computer readable medium.

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