Systems and methods for determining power for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions
The method enables efficient power determination for simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions in 5G NR networks by calculating minimum required powers and applying power offsets, addressing the challenge of exceeding maximum power restrictions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/129371
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing systems lack an efficient method to determine power levels for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions in wireless communication networks, particularly in 5G New Radio (5G NR) environments, which can lead to exceeding maximum power restrictions.
A network node, such as a smart node, determines the power for control and backhaul links by calculating the minimum required power based on the maximum total power, the type of signal, and the overlapping duration of transmissions, while applying a power offset to ensure compliance with power limits.
This approach allows for simultaneous backhaul and control link transmissions without exceeding maximum power limits, ensuring reliable and efficient communication in 5G NR networks.
Smart Images

Figure CN2023129371_08052025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING POWER FOR SIMULTANEOUS BACKHAUL LINK AND CONTROL LINK TRANSMISSIONSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for determining power for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions.BACKGROUND
[0002] The standardization organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently in the process of specifying a new Radio Interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) as well as a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC) . The 5G NR will have three main components: a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) , a 5G Core Network (5GC) , and a User Equipment (UE) . In order to facilitate the enablement of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC, also called Network Functions, have been simplified with some of them being software based, and some being hardware based, so that they could be adapted according to need.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium of the following. A network node (e.g., smart node (SN) ) can determine (i) a first power of the network node for a control link from the network node to a wireless communication node (e.g., base station (BS) , gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP) ) , and (ii) a second power of the network node for a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can perform / initiate / execute at least one of (i) sending a first signal via the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) forwarding a second signal via the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node may determine the first power for a duration to be a smaller one (or minimum) of: (i) a maximum total power minus the second power, and (ii) a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal (e.g., min (max total power -Backhaul link output power, first C-link power) ) . In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node may determine the first power for the duration to be: a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, minus a power offset (e.g., second C-link output power = first C-link power -power offset) .
[0005] In some embodiments, the power offset can be at least one of: applied / used / implemented / incorporated when a sum of the first power and the second power is larger than the a maximum total power; no less than: the value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, plus the determined second power, minus the maximum total power; a fixed value; or configured by the wireless communication node. The duration may comprise / be a whole / complete duration of transmission of the first signal, that at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal.
[0006] In some embodiments, the whole duration of transmission of the first signal may comprise a duration of transmission of at least one of: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that is configured to use dedicated resources or common resources; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access (CBRA or CFRA) procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; or a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, where the plurality of signals are within one period for / of periodically configured SRS.
[0007] In some embodiments, the duration may consist of one or more slots that are part of a whole transmission of the first signal, that each at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal. The first signal may comprise at least one of: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that configured to use dedicated resources or common resources; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows due to an event, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; or a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the signals that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal.
[0008] In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously (e.g., at least partially overlap or occur concurrently in time) , the network node may determine the second power for a duration (e.g., time domain resource or time range on which second backhaul link power is applied) to be a smaller one of: (i) a maximum total power minus the first power, and (ii) a smaller one of the maximum total power or an input power to the network node multiplied by a configured gain (e.g., amplifying gain, maximum gain without adjustment) of the network node. In some embodiments, the network node may apply the second power during at least one of the duration or a delta interval, wherein the delta interval is at least one of: prior to a start of the duration, after an end of the duration, at least partially overlaps the duration, predefined, reported as a capability of the network node, or configured by the wireless communication node.
[0009] In some embodiments, the duration may correspond to one of: specific portion of transmission of the second signal, that overlaps with a transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; or one or more forwarding link operating time intervals of the second signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.
[0010] In some embodiments, a duration for a transmission on the forwarding link can be determined by a forwarding link operating time according to at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and a wireless communication device, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device, a downlink control information (DCI) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device, an ON-OFF indication to indicate whether the forwarding link is operating or not, or one or more of time domain resources associated with beam indication or ON-OFF indication.
[0011] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., base station (BS) , gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP) ) can receive / obtain / acquire at least one of (i) a first signal via a control link from a network node (e.g., smart node (SN) ) to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) a second signal via a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can determine (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of transmission links between BS to SN and SN to UE, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 4 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous (e.g., at least partially overlapping) backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of an implementation structure for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 8 illustrates an example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 9 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 10 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 11 illustrates an example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 12 illustrates an example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 13 illustrates an example scenario for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 14 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 15 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 16 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 17 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 18 illustrates an example implementation for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0031] FIG. 19 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for determining power for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions for network nodes, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0033] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In FIG. 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0034] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of FIG. 1, as described above.
[0036] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0037] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in FIG. 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
[0038] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0039] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0040] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0041] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0042] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0043] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0044] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0045] 2. Systems and Methods for Determining Power for Simultaneous Backhaul Link and Control Link Transmissions for Network Nodes
[0046] A new type of network node, namely network-controlled repeater, is introduced as an enhancement over conventional RF repeaters with the capability to receive and process side control information from the network. As discussed herein, network nodes, including and not limited to network-controlled repeater, smart repeater, enhanced RF repeaters, re-configuration intelligent surface (RIS) , and / or integrated access and backhaul (IAB) , can be denoted, referred to, or provided as a smart node (SN) (e.g., network node) for simplicity.
[0047] A network-controlled repeater (NCR) can support simultaneous C-link and backhaul link transmission if the NCR reports the corresponding capability. When simultaneous C-link and backhaul link occur, it is not clear how to determine the power of the C-link and / or backhaul link to avoid exceeding the maximum power restriction. In the present disclosure, a method of power determination for simultaneous C-link and backhaul link transmission for network nodes is introduced.
[0048] Coverage is a fundamental aspect of cellular network deployments. Mobile operators may rely on different types of network nodes to offer blanket coverage in the deployments. As a result, new types of network nodes have been considered to increase mobile operators’ flexibility for their network deployments. For example, integrated access and Backhaul (IAB) is introduced as a new type of network node without requiring a wired backhaul. Another type of network node is the RF repeater which simply amplify-and-forward any signals that are received by the RF repeater. A RF repeater can support a wide range of deployments to supplement the coverage provided by regular full-stack cells.
[0049] A network-controlled repeater is introduced as an enhancement over conventional RF repeaters with the capability to receive and process side control information from the network. Side control information can allow a network-controlled repeater to perform amplify-and-forward operation in a more efficient manner. Potential benefits can include mitigation of unnecessary noise amplification, transmissions and receptions with better spatial directivity, and simplified network integration. The NCR can be regarded as a stepping stone (e.g., a variant, alternative or modification) of a re-configurable intelligent surface (RIS) . A RIS node can adjust the phase and amplitude of the received signal to improve / enhance the coverage (e.g., network communication coverage) . When C-link and backhaul link transmission simultaneously occurs (e.g., at least partially overlaps) , it is not clear the power adjustment is applied on which time resource when the transmissions of C-link and backhaul link fully or partially overlaps. The present disclosure introduces a method of power sharing / allocation / determination / adjustment when C-link and backhaul link transmissions overlap in a time domain resource. In the present disclosure, methods for power adjustment may not be applied to the absolute time domain resource or duration of actual overlap between the transmissions of C-link and backhaul link. Instead, power adjustment may be applied to / across overlapping symbols, overlapping slots, the entire transmission duration, or the forwarding link operating time. Additionally, different subcarrier spacings (SCSs) are taken into account to determine the symbols and slots on which to perform power adjustment.
[0050] A smart node (SN) may refer to the one kind of node which can support the controllable amplify-and-forward or forward operation of wireless signal. This kind of node can be a repeater, a network controlled repeater, relay, parts of a BS, a transmit-receive points (TRP) , a RIS or a UE. The SN at least can support two functionalities. As the first one, the SN can receive and decode side control information from the controller (e.g., gNB, UE or other 3rd party entity) . As the 2nd functionality, the SN can carry out the amplify-and-forward or forward operation according to the side control information received by the SN (e.g., achieved as the first functionality) . In some implementations, the 1st functionality can be achieved by the control / communication unit (CU) , mobile termination (MT) , and / or parts of a UE, or a third-party IoT device. The second functionality can be achieved by a forwarding unit (FU or Fwd) , a radio unit (RU) , and / or parts of a UE, or a RIS. In some embodiments, the SN CU can be a NCR-MT and the SN FU can be a NCR-Fwd. In some examples, the unit to achieve each functionality (or each functional unit) may refer to the separate or dedicated components of a SN. In some examples, the unit for each functionality may refer to the different logic parts of one component of a SN. The interface to enable the information exchange / transition between these two units can also be supported optionally.
[0051] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of transmission links between BS to SN and SN to UE, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The transmission links between the BS 102 to SN and the SN to UE 104 as shown in FIG. 3 can be defined / described / provided as follows:
[0052] C1 / C4: Control link (C-link) from controller (e.g., BS or UE) to SN CU;
[0053] C2 / C3: Control link (C-link) from SN CU to controller;
[0054] F1: Forwarding link (backhaul link) from BS to SN FU;
[0055] F2: Forwarding link (backhaul link) from SN FU to BS;
[0056] F3: Forwarding link (access link) from SN FU to UE; and
[0057] F4: Forwarding link (access link) from UE to SN FU.
[0058] F-link may indicate that a signal from the BS or the UE can be unknown by a SN FU. A SN FU may simply amplify and forward signals without decoding the signals. F1 and / or F2 can also be called backhaul link (B-link) , F3 and / or F4 can also be called access link (A-link) . B-link and A-link can be parts of forwarding link, and the combination of the two may constitute / comprise a complete forwarding link. F1+F3 can be a complete DL forwarding link from the BS to the UE, in which F3 can be the SN-FU DL forwarding link. F2+F4 can be a complete UL forwarding link from the UE to the BS, in which F2 can be the SN-FU UL forwarding link.
[0059] C-link may indicate / mean that the signal from one side can be detected and decoded by the other side, so that the information transmitting in control link can be utilized to control the status of F-link. When NCR supports the capability of simultaneous backhaul link and C-link transmission, it is possible that C-link transmission does not fully overlap with backhaul link transmission, the potential cases can be shown as FIGS. 4 to 6. FIGS. 4 to 6 illustrates example overlapping cases for simultaneous transmission, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0060] Furthermore, concerning the determination of overlapping time resources, for a C-link, time resources can be determined based on the UL transmission. The UL transmission may include a dynamic scheduled transmission, a configured grant-based transmission, and / or a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, all with consideration of the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the transmitted signal or channel. For a backhaul link, since SN does not know whether there is a signal from UE for forwarding, a backhaul link time resource (e.g., time duration / window) can be determined by the forwarding link operating time (or “ON” duration) based on the beam indication with the SCS of the reference SCS configured for the SN FU’s forwarding operation. In some implementations, the reference SCS can be configured by a BS via a RRC, e.g., by RRC parameter referenceSCS, along with the beam indication for the access link. Within forwarding link operating time, a SN FU may be able to transmit or receive, or can perform transmission and reception operation via a forwarding link. The SN FU can be assumed to be ON (or operating in forwarding link) within the indicated time domain resource if there is beam indication for access link (e.g., periodic beam indication via a radio resource control (RRC) , semi-persistent beam indication via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) , aperiodic beam indication via a downlink control information (DCI) . Otherwise, the SN FU can be considered / determined as OFF by default, which means that SN FU does not transmit or receive, or does not perform transmission and reception operation via a forwarding link.
[0061] Furthermore, in some implementations, a delta interval (or duration, time resource, transition period) can be considered within or without the overlapping time resources for backhaul link. The delta interval may be declared by a vendor, reported by SN as a capability of the SN, or configured by a BS. The delta interval may be due to (or for the purpose of) the transition time of power amplifier (PA) adjustment of SN. The SN may use a higher power P1 for non-simultaneous transmission. When simultaneous transmission happens, the SN may use a lower power P2, and SN may need / utilize some time (e.g., delta interval) to transfer from P1 to P2. The delta interval can be considered as part of overlapping resource, or outside of overlapping resource. The delta interval may be at least one of: before the start of the overlapping time resources; after the start of the overlapping time resources; before the end of the overlapping time resources; or after the end of the overlapping resources.
[0062] The following implementation examples are provided to determine the power of C-link and backhaul link when backhaul link and C-link transmission occurs simultaneously. When simultaneous transmission occurs, if both C-link and backhaul link use previous (e.g., prior / past levels of) power to transmit, it is possible that the maximum power can exceed a total maximum power restriction. The implementation examples are intended to reduce the power of one of the C-link or backhaul link, while implementation example 1 is to adjust (e.g., reduce) the C-link power and implementation example 2 is to adjust (e.g., reduce) the backhaul link power. FIG. 7 illustrates an example of an implementation structure for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0063] For simultaneous backhaul link and C-link transmissions (e.g., F2 and C2, respectively) , the total power of the two transmissions (e.g., the sum of C-link and backhaul link powers) is expected to be less than or equal to (e.g., not exceeding) the total maximum power restriction / limit / cap (e.g., maximum power threshold) . The following example features can be considered to avoid the total power of the two transmissions exceeding the total maximum power restriction.
[0064] In some configurations, the total maximum power may be a fixed value (e.g., pre-defined in specification, or pre-defined in regulations in different countries or areas) . In some other configurations, the total maximum power can be adjusted / determined according to or based on the capability of the SN (e.g., reported by SN via capability report, or declared by vendor) . In another example, the total maximum power can be configured by a BS.
[0065] In various implementations of the present disclosure, unless explicitly indicated / mentioned / provided, the power of the C-link can be determined / computed / calculated based on certain systems’ UE power control mechanisms for different channels, e.g., physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, physical random access channel (PRACH) , and / or sounding reference signal (SRS) , among other types of channels. In the present disclosure, it is assumed that the SN supports the capability of simultaneous transmissions on the control link and the backhaul link. In some implementations, the C-link power calculation formulas can be presented / described / shown as follows:
[0066] ● If C-link transmits PUSCH, the C-link power can be computed as:
[0067] ● If C-link transmits PUCCH, the C-link power can be computed as:
[0068] ● If C-link transmits PRACH, the C-link power can be computed as: PPRACHb, f, c (i) =min {PCMAXf, c (i) , PPRACHtarget, f, c+PLb, f, c} [dBm] (3)
[0069] ● If C-link transmits SRS, the C-link power can be computed as:
[0070] Implementation Example 1: When the NCR simultaneously transmits via both the control link and the backhaul link (e.g., C2 and F2, respectively) in a time domain resource, C-link power can be adjusted (or reduced, determined with other method)
[0071] In this implementation example, the amplifying gain of backhaul link may not be adjusted when there is simultaneous transmission. The output power of backhaul link can be calculated as backhaul link power = min (max total power, input power *amplifying gain) .
[0072] C-link power determination when there is simultaneous transmission
[0073] For C-link, assuming that when the NCR does not simultaneously transmit via both C-link and backhaul link, a first C-link power can be applied. When the NCR simultaneously transmits via both C-link and backhaul link, a second C-link power can be applied. The second C-link power can be determined by at least one of the following methods.
[0074] Second C-link power = min (max total power -Backhaul link power, first C-link power)
[0075] The first C-link power can be calculated according to the equations (1) ~ (4) for different signals / channels and the calculated C-link power can be compared with (max total power -backhaul link output power) so that the overall output power may not exceed total maximum power.
[0076] Second C-link power = first C-link power -power offset
[0077] The first C-link power can be calculated according to the equations (1) ~ (4) for different signals / channels.
[0078] In some implementations, the power offset can be applied when the sum of first C-link power and backhaul link power is larger than the max total power. In some implementations, the power offset can satisfy the condition that power offset is no less than (first C-link power + backhaul link output power -max total power) . In some implementations, the power offset can be a fixed value. In some implementations, the power offset can be configured by a gNB (e.g., via DCI, MAC CE or RRC) .
[0079] The time domain resource (or time range) on which second C-link power is applied
[0080] For simultaneous backhaul link and C-link transmission (e.g., the following case 1 and 2) , the backhaul link transmission (e.g., determined by the forwarding link operating time or “ON” duration based on the beam indication) may occupy a set of symbols with the SCS of reference SCS (e.g., the SCS or numerology configured for the SN FU’s forwarding operation) . The set of symbols may align with the slot boundary (e.g., in case 2) or may not align with the slot boundary (e.g., in case 1) with the SCS of reference SCS, but in both cases the set of symbols may not align with the slot boundary with the SCS of C-link transmission (e.g., SCS of PUCCH, PRACH, PUSCH) .
[0081] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions (e.g., overlapping case 1 and case 2) , in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For C-link power, as described in equations 1~4, the power can be determined per transmission for different signal / channel. For simultaneous transmission, if the overlapping symbols does not align with slot boundary with the SCS of C-link transmission as shown in case 1 and 2, C-link power cannot be adjusted only in the overlapping symbols. At least one of the following options can be considered:
[0082] Option 1-1: C-link power can be determined / adjusted for the whole C-link transmission that overlaps with backhaul link transmission
[0083] In other words, when simultaneous transmission occurs, the second (or potentially adjusted) C-link power can be applied for the C-link transmission (e.g., whole or part of the C-link transmission) that overlaps with backhaul link transmission. In other / non-overlapped time domain resources, the first (or unadjusted) C-link power can be applied.
[0084] For PUSCH or PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS bundling, e.g., when higher layer parameter PUSCH-DMRS-Bundling or PUCCH-DMRS-Bundling is enabled, in some implementations, all of the determined actual time domain windows (TDWs) can be considered as the whole C-link transmission which applies the second C-link power if one or more of actual TDWs overlap with backhaul link transmission. In some other implementations, the power adjustment (to use second C-link power) can be defined as an event that causes power consistency and phase continuity not to be maintained, and the nominal TDW that overlaps with backhaul link transmission can be considered as the whole C-link transmission so that the actual TDWs may not include the whole C-link transmission.
[0085] In this option, the C-link power adjustment can be applied for the whole transmission that overlaps with backhaul link transmission. For example, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the whole transmission may occupy slot 2 and slot 3 (e.g., multiple PUSCH or repetitions) , although only slot 2 overlaps with backhaul link transmission, the C-link power adjustment can be applied for both slots 2 and 3. FIG. 9 illustrates an example power adjustment for options 1-1, 1-2 of case 1, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 illustrates an example of power adjustment for options 1-1, 1-2 of case 2, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0086] The C-link transmission can include at least one of: (1) single PUSCH transmission; (2) multiple PUSCH transmissions; (3) PUCCH transmission; (4) PRACH transmission; or (5) SRS transmission. (1) The PUSCH can be scheduled by DCI, or configured grant based PUSCH transmission. The single PUSCH may also be configured with repetitions. All of the repetitions of the single PUSCH can be applied with the same C-link power adjustment, if one or more of repetitions overlap with backhaul link transmission. (2) The multiple PUSCH transmissions can be scheduled by single DCI. The multiple PUSCH transmissions can be applied with the same C-link power adjustment, if one or more of the multiple PUSCH transmissions overlap with backhaul link transmission. (3) The PUCCH may use dedicated resources or common resources. The PUCCH may also be configured with repetitions. All of the repetitions of the PUCCH can be applied with the same C-link power adjustment, if one or more of repetitions overlap with backhaul link transmission. (4) The PRACH can be CBRA or CFRA. The PRACH can be part of Type-1 random access procedure or Type-2 random access procedure. (5) The SRS can be periodically configured. All of the SRS signals within one period can be applied with the same C-link power adjustment, if one or more of SRS signals within one period overlap with backhaul link transmission.
[0087] Option 1-2: C-link power can be determined / adjusted for the overlapped slots with the SCS of C-link transmission
[0088] In other words, when simultaneous transmission occurs, the second C-link power can be applied for the overlapped slots that overlaps with backhaul link transmission. In other time domain resources, the first C-link power can be applied. In this option, the C-link power adjustment can be applied only for the overlapped slot (s) within the whole transmission that overlaps with backhaul link transmission. For example, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the whole transmission occupies slot 2 and slot 3 (e.g., multiple PUSCH or repetitions) , since only slot 2 overlaps with backhaul link transmission, the C-link power adjustment can be applied only for slot 2.
[0089] The definition of the C-link transmission can be same as option 1-1, but the C-link power adjustment can be different. (1) Single PUSCH transmission with repetitions (taking FIG. 10 as example) : Assuming that 2 repetitions are configured to occupy slots 2 and 3, only PUSCH repetition in slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, the C-link power adjustment can be only applied for slot 2, and the power of PUSCH transmission in slot 3 can be unchanged. (2) Multiple PUSCH transmissions (taking FIG. 10 as example) : Assuming that 2 PUSCH transmissions are scheduled by single DCI to occupy slots 2 and 3, only PUSCH transmission in slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, the C-link power adjustment can only be applied for slot 2, and the power of PUSCH transmission in slot 3 can be unchanged. (3) PUCCH transmission (taking FIG. 10 as example) : Assuming that 2 repetitions are configured to occupy slots 2 and 3, only PUCCH repetition in slot 2 overlaps with the backhaul link transmission, the C-link power adjustment can be only applied for slot 2, and the power of PUCCH transmission in slot 3 can be unchanged. (4) PRACH transmission: The PRACH can be contention based random access (CBRA) or contention free random access (CFRA) . The PRACH can be part of Type-1 random access procedure or Type-2 random access procedure. (5) SRS transmission: The SRS can be periodically configured. The slot (s) of the overlapped SRS signals can be applied with the same C-link power adjustment, if one or more of SRS signals within the slot (s) overlap with backhaul link transmission.
[0090] Implementation Example 2: When the NCR simultaneously transmits via both the control link and the backhaul link (e.g., C2 and F2, respectively) in a time domain resource, backhaul link power can be adjusted (or reduced, determined with other method)
[0091] In this implementation example, the output power of C-link can be calculated according to the equations (1) ~ (4) for different signals / channels, which may mean / indicate that the output power of C-link is not adjusted / determined when there is simultaneous transmission.
[0092] Backhaul link power determination when there is simultaneous transmission
[0093] For a backhaul link, assuming that when the NCR does not simultaneously transmits via both C-link and backhaul link, a first backhaul link power can be applied. When the NCR simultaneously transmits via both C-link and backhaul link, a second backhaul link power can be applied. The first and second backhaul link power can be determined by: second backhaul link power = min (max total power -C-link power, first backhaul link power) . The first backhaul link power can be determined by: first backhaul link power = min (max total power, input power*first amplifying gain) .
[0094] In some implementations, the second amplifying gain to achieve the second backhaul link power can satisfy the following restriction. Input power*second amplifying gain<=max total power -C-link power.
[0095] The time domain resource (or time range) on which second backhaul link power is applied
[0096] For simultaneous backhaul link and C-link transmission (e.g., the following case 3, 4 and 5) , the backhaul link transmission (e.g., determined by the forwarding link operating time or “ON” duration based on the beam indication) occupies a set of symbols (may or may not align with slot boundary) with the SCS of reference SCS (e.g., the SCS or numerology configured for the SN FU’s forwarding operation) .
[0097] FIG. 11 illustrates an example overlapping case 3, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 illustrates an example overlapping case 4, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 illustrates an example overlapping case 5, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the backhaul link power adjustment, the backhaul link power adjustment may be applied on different levels of time resources, e.g., symbol level, slot level, forwarding link operating time level, “ON” duration level. At least one of the following options can be considered.
[0098] Option 2-0: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the overlapped absolute time resource
[0099] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the overlapped absolute time resource (e.g., overlapping case 3 and 4) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown FIGs. 14 and 15. FIG. 14 illustrates an example power adjustment for options 2-0, 2-1, 2-2 of case 3, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 illustrates an example power adjustment for options 2-0, 2-1, 2-2 of case 4, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For Case 3, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the first half symbol of Sym2 with the SCS of reference the transmissions of C-link and backhaul link SCS. For Case 4, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Sym3 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0100] Option 2-1: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the overlapped symbols with the SCS of reference SCS
[0101] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the overlapped symbols with the SCS of reference SCS (e.g., overlapping case 3 and 4) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown in FIGs. 14 and 15. For Case 3, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Sym2 with the SCS of reference SCS. For Case 4, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Sym3 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0102] Option 2-2: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the overlapped symbols with the SCS of C-link transmission
[0103] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the overlapped symbols with the SCS of C-link transmission (e.g., overlapping cases 3 and 4) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown in FIGs. 14 and 15. For Case 3, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the first half symbol of Sym2 with the SCS of reference SCS. For Case 4, the backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Sym3 and Sym4 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0104] Option 2-3: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the overlapped slots with the SCS of reference SCS
[0105] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the overlapped slots with the SCS of reference SCS (e.g., overlapping case 5) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 16 illustrates an example power adjustment for options 2-3, 2-4, 2-5 of case 5, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Slot 2 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0106] Option 2-4: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the overlapped slots with the SCS of C-link transmission
[0107] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the overlapped slots with the SCS of C-link transmission (e.g., overlapping case 5) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 16. The backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the first half of Slot 2 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0108] Option 2-5: Backhaul link power can be adjusted for the forwarding link operating time covering the overlapped time resource (s)
[0109] In this option, backhaul link power can be adjusted / determined for the forwarding link operating time covering the overlapped time resources (e.g., overlapping case 5) . The backhaul link can be “ON” in slots 2 and 3 with the SCS of reference SCS (in other words, SN FU may transmit or may receive in slots 2 and 3) , and can be “OFF” in slots 1 and 4 according to the beam indication (in other words, SN FU may not transmit or may not receive in slot 1 and 4) . The backhaul link power can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 16. To further illustrate the definition of forwarding link operating time, the following examples 1 and 2 are shown in FIGs. 17 and 18.
[0110] In example 1 (e.g., FIG. 17) , FIG. 17 includes 3 forwarding link operating time intervals (e.g., {slots 2, 3} , {slot 5} , {slot 7} ) which are not consecutive with each other, but within each forwarding link operating time interval. The time domain resource is consecutive. Since only the forwarding link operating time interval {slots 2, 3} overlaps with C-link (or covers the overlapped time resources) , the second backhaul link power can be applied for {slots 2, 3} . The first backhaul link power can be applied for {slot 5} and {slot 7} .
[0111] In example 2 (e.g., FIG. 18) , FIG. 18 includes 3 forwarding link operating time intervals (e.g., {sym 1, 2, 3} , {sym 6, 7, 8, 9} , {sym 12, 13, 14} ) which are not consecutive with each other, but within each forwarding link operating time interval, the time domain resource is consecutive. Since the forwarding link operating time interval {sym 1, 2, 3} and forwarding link operating time interval {sym 6, 7, 8, 9} overlap with C-link (or covers the overlapped time resources) , the second backhaul link power can be applied for {sym 1, 2, 3} and {sym 6, 7, 8, 9} . The first backhaul link power can be applied for {sym 12, 13, 14} . The backhaul link power adjustment can be applied for the Slot 2 and Slot 3 with the SCS of reference SCS.
[0112] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / following implementation examples are not exclusive to the specific implementation examples, but can be combined in any manner (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise) .
[0113] FIG. 19 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 1900 for determining power for simultaneous backhaul link and control link transmissions for network nodes. The method 1900 may be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices detailed herein in conjunction with FIGs. 1–18. In overview, the method 1900 may be performed by a network node (e.g., smart node (SN) ) , in some embodiments. Additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 1900 depending on the embodiment. At least one aspect of the operations is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium.
[0114] A network node (e.g., smart node (SN) ) can determine (i) a first power of the network node for a control link from the network node to a wireless communication node (e.g., base station (BS) , gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP) ) , and (ii) a second power of the network node for a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can perform / initiate / execute at least one of (i) sending a first signal via the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) forwarding a second signal via the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node may determine the first power for a duration to be a smaller one of: (i) a maximum total power minus the second power, and (ii) a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal (e.g., min (max total power -Backhaul link output power, first C-link power) ) . In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously (e.g., over a certain / overlapping time duration) , the network node may determine the first power for the duration to be: a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, minus a power offset (e.g., second C-link output power = first C-link power -power offset) .
[0115] In some embodiments, the power offset can be at least one of: applied when a sum of the first power and the second power is larger than the a maximum total power; no less than: the value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, plus the determined second power, minus the maximum total power; a fixed value; or configured by the wireless communication node. The duration may comprise a whole duration of transmission of the first signal, that at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal.
[0116] In some embodiments, the whole duration of transmission of the first signal may comprise a duration of transmission of at least one of: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that is configured to use dedicated resources or common resources; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; or a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, where the plurality of signals are within one period for periodically configured SRS.
[0117] In some embodiments, the duration may comprise or consist of one or more slots that are part of a whole transmission of the first signal, that each at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal. The first signal may comprise at least one of: a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that configured to use dedicated resources or common resources; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows due to an event, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal; a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; or a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals, wherein the one or more slots may correspond to one or more of the signals that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal.
[0118] In some embodiments, when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously, the network node may determine the second power for a duration (e.g., time domain resource or time range on which second backhaul link power is applied) to be a smaller one of: (i) a maximum total power minus the first power, and (ii) a smaller one of the maximum total power or an input power to the network node multiplied by a configured gain (e.g., amplifying gain, maximum gain without adjustment) of the network node. In some embodiments, the network node may apply the second power during at least one of the duration or a delta interval, wherein the delta interval is at least one of: prior to a start of the duration, after an end of the duration, at least partially overlaps the duration, predefined, reported as a capability of the network node, or configured by the wireless communication node.
[0119] In some embodiments, the duration may correspond to one of: specific portion of transmission of the second signal, that overlaps with a transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS (e.g., configured / specified / indicated by a wireless communication node or base station) , that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; or one or more forwarding link operating time intervals of the second signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.
[0120] In some embodiments, a duration for a transmission on the forwarding link can be determined by an forwarding link operating time according to at least one of: a radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and a wireless communication device, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device, a downlink control information (DCI) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device, an ON-OFF indication to indicate whether the forwarding link is operating or not, or one or more of time domain resources associated with beam indication or ON-OFF indication.
[0121] In some embodiments, a wireless communication node (e.g., base station (BS) , gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP) ) can receive / obtain / acquire at least one of (i) a first signal via a control link from a network node (e.g., smart node (SN) ) to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) a second signal via a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node. The network node can determine (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and / or (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.
[0122] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative embodiments.
[0123] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as "first, " "second, " and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0124] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0125] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as "software" or a "software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0126] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0127] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0128] In this document, the term "module" as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according embodiments of the present solution.
[0129] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in embodiments of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0130] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A method comprising:determining, by a network node, (i) a first power of the network node for a control link from the network node to a wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node; andperforming, by the network node, at least one of (i) sending a first signal via the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) forwarding a second signal via the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.2.The method of claim 1, wherein when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously:determining, by the network node, the first power for a duration to be a smaller one of: (i) a maximum total power minus the second power, and (ii) a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal; ordetermining, by the network node, the first power for the duration to be: a value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, minus a power offset.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the power offset is at least one of:applied when a sum of the first power and the second power is larger than the a maximum total power;no less than: the value of the first power specific to a type of the first signal, plus the determined second power, minus the maximum total power;a fixed value; orconfigured by the wireless communication node.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the duration comprises a whole duration of transmission of the first signal, that at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the whole duration of transmission of the first signal comprises a duration of transmission of at least one of:a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that is configured to use dedicated resources or common resources;a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with DMRS bundling and determined as actual time domain windows, at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; ora sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals at least one of which at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal, where the plurality of signals are within one period for periodically configured SRS.6.The method of claim 2, wherein the duration consists of one or more slots that are part of a whole transmission of the first signal, that each at least partially overlaps with a transmission of the second signal.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the first signal comprises at least one of:a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, that is at least one of: scheduled by a downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or based on a configured grant;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions scheduled by a single DCI signaling, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUSCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, that configured to use dedicated resources or common resources;a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured as a plurality of repetitions, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the repetitions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a plurality of PUCCH transmissions configured with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling and not determined as actual time domain windows due to an event, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the PUSCH transmissions that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal;a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, that is part of a contention based or contention free random access procedure, or a type-1 or type-2 random access procedure; ora sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission of a plurality of signals, wherein the one or more slots correspond to one or more of the signals that each at least partially overlaps with the transmission of the second signal.8.The method of claim 1, wherein when a transmission on the control link and a transmission on the forwarding link occur simultaneously:determining, by the network node, the second power for a duration to be a smaller one of: (i) a maximum total power minus the first power, and (ii) a smaller one of the maximum total power or an input power to the network node multiplied by a configured gain of the network node.9.The method of claim 2 or 8, comprising:applying, by the network node, the second power during at least one of the duration or a delta interval, wherein the delta interval is at least one of:prior to a start of the duration,after an end of the duration,at least partially overlaps the duration,predefined,reported as a capability of the network node, orconfigured by the wireless communication node.10.The method of claim 8, wherein the duration corresponds to one of:specific portion of transmission of the second signal, that overlaps with a transmission of the first signal;one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal;one or more symbols of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal;one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of a reference SCS, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal;one or more slots of the transmission of the second signal, with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal; orone or more forwarding link operating time intervals of the second signal, that each overlaps with the transmission of the first signal.11.The method of claim 1, wherein a duration for a transmission on the forwarding link is determined by an forwarding link operating time according to at least one of:a radio resource control (RRC) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and a wireless communication device,a medium access control control element (MAC CE) signal carrying a semi-persistent beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device,a downlink control information (DCI) signal carrying a periodic beam indication for the forwarding link between the network node and the wireless communication device,an ON-OFF indication to indicate whether the forwarding link is operating or not, orone or more of time domain resources associated with beam indication or ON-OFF indication.12.A method comprising:receiving, by a wireless communication node, at least one of (i) a first signal via a control link from a network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second signal via a forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node,wherein the network node determines (i) a first power of the network node for the control link from the network node to the wireless communication node, and (ii) a second power of the network node for the forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node.13.A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-12.14.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-12.
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