Illumination adjusting system and method for infant

Abstract

The present invention provides an illumination adjusting system for an infant. The system comprises an adjustable light source which can control multiple illumination conditions such as spectral color temperature, brightness, flicker rate, and schedules. Additionally, the system further comprises a feedback mechanism for monitoring the sleep rhythm establishment and cognitive response of the infant. In addition, the present invention further comprises determination software, wherein the software automatically adjusts the illumination conditions on the basis of feedback data so as to promote the infant to improve the REM sleep development curve and establish a good and stable sleep rhythm, thereby promoting the development of the cognitive ability of the infant.

Description

Infant lighting adjustment system and method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of infant care and lighting technology. Specifically, it provides a spectral formula with rhythmic lighting that influences infants' sleep cycles by illuminating them. The spectral formula is adjusted based on changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, thereby enhancing the infant's sleep cycle and promoting future cognitive development. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive development has garnered widespread attention in infant health and development research. Most studies suggest that stable, high-quality sleep positively impacts infants' brain development and emotional well-being. However, a review of current crib-related products reveals that existing infant lighting solutions often consist of simple light sources, perhaps offering only on / off and basic brightness adjustment functions. These simple lighting solutions struggle to provide infants with a comprehensive and appropriate lighting environment that promotes their healthy physical and mental development.

[0003] In addition, some high-end smart lighting products have begun to emerge, but these products generally focus on lighting for adults or specific occasions and are not designed specifically for infants and young children. Even if there are products specifically for infants and young children, they are mostly limited to basic color temperature and brightness adjustment and do not truly consider the unique physiological and psychological needs of infants and young children. In addition, past research and products have also lacked a deep understanding and practical application of infants' biorhythms. In particular, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) play a key role in the development of infants and young children, but this point has received little attention in traditional lighting solutions. Obviously, existing or traditional crib lighting systems are mostly single lighting modes, lacking sufficient flexibility and adaptability to meet the needs of infants and young children's brain development and emotional stability.

[0004] Regarding the definition of sleep quality, according to AK Patel's 2022 book (Physiology, Sleep Stages), sleep is divided into five stages: wakefulness, N1, N2, N3, and REM. N1 to N3 belong to non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, gradually entering a deeper sleep state. About 75% of sleep belongs to NREM, especially stage N2. There are 4 to 5 sleep cycles every night, each cycle is about 90 to 110 minutes. The REM stage is dominated by high-frequency, low-amplitude beta waves, which are associated with dreaming. For example, REM can be easily observed through EEG (electroencephalogram) and used to define the quality of sleep.

[0005] In addition, AK.Patel also pointed out that in the first few weeks of life, the sleep time of newborns is randomly distributed during the day and night, accompanied by irregular sleep and wakefulness patterns. Newborns sleep about 16 to 18 hours a day, but this is intermittent, and the longest continuous sleep time is usually 2.5 to 4 hours. Newborns have three different types of sleep: quiet sleep (similar to NREM), active sleep (similar to REM), and uncertain sleep. More specifically, the sleep of newborns is different from that of children and adults. The sleep of newborns begins in the REM period, not the NREM period, and each sleep cycle includes only 1 to 2 cycles. These differences in sleep and sleep stages occur because the circadian rhythm of newborns or infants has not yet been formed.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a lighting regulation system that can more effectively promote healthy sleep and cognitive development in infants and young children. This system not only needs to provide a diverse and rhythmic spectral recipe, but also needs to be able to self-regulate based on the physiological and behavioral feedback of infants and young children to achieve the best results.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] Because newborns and infants haven't yet developed a circadian rhythm, their sleep time is randomly distributed throughout the day and night, accompanied by irregular sleep and wake patterns. Therefore, the present invention primarily provides a spectral formula with rhythmic lighting that influences infants' sleep cycles by illuminating them. The spectral formula is adjusted based on changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, thereby enhancing the infant's sleep cycle and promoting future cognitive development.

[0009] According to the above description, one of the main purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for light treatment of infants and young children, which is characterized by:

[0010] A lighting control system is provided, comprising a light source control device, a feedback device, and a servo device. The servo device stores a rhythmic lighting recipe table related to sensory development and a REM sleep development curve, and is used to drive the light source control device to provide lighting according to the rhythmic lighting recipe table. The feedback device, in contact with an infant, transmits the number of REM sleep hours of the infant after the lighting to the servo device.

[0011] The lighting program is executed by the servo device driving the light source adjustment device to sequentially illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting formula table;

[0012] The number of REM sleep hours of the infant is obtained by transmitting the number of REM sleep hours of the infant after the illumination to the servo device by the feedback device;

[0013] assessing whether the REM sleep is as expected by comparing the number of REM sleep hours of the infant transmitted by the feedback device with the REM sleep development curve; and

[0014] Maintaining the rhythmic lighting formula for continuous lighting, when the servo device determines that the number of REM sleep hours of the infant is consistent with the number of hours of the REM sleep development curve, the servo device drives the light source adjustment device to continuously illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting formula table.

[0015] Another main object of the present invention is to provide an infant lighting adjustment system, comprising:

[0016] A crib device for providing a sleeping space for an infant;

[0017] a light source adjustment device, equipped with an LED lamp, disposed above or around the crib device to adjust the lighting parameters of the LED lamp;

[0018] a feedback device, which is placed on the infant's body to obtain and transmit the infant's real-time REM sleep state; and

[0019] A servo device is configured with a processing unit, a communication unit and a memory unit, wherein the memory unit stores a rhythmic lighting formula table related to sensory development and a REM sleep development curve, and the processing unit is used to drive the light source adjustment device to illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting formula table.

[0020] Clearly, the present invention helps infants establish a more resilient circadian cycle by providing early cyclical stimulation before their photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are affected by actual light conditions. This allows for more rapid correction of circadian irregularities caused by staying up late or occasional jet lag as infants grow, and also allows the infant's nervous system to develop a certain degree of resilience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the emotion induction mechanism.

[0022] 2A-2D are schematic diagrams of corresponding color temperature curves of brain regions according to the present invention.

[0023] FIG3A is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with pure red light.

[0024] FIG3B is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with green and red light.

[0025] FIG3C is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with blue and red light.

[0026] FIG3D is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with white light having a color temperature of 3000K.

[0027] FIG3E is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with white light having a color temperature of 4000K.

[0028] FIG3F is a schematic diagram of the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with white light having a color temperature of 5700K.

[0029] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum for screening out light suitable for infants and young children.

[0030] FIG5 is a graph showing the relationship between age and REM development.

[0031] FIG6 is a lighting adjustment system for infants and young children according to the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the infant lighting adjustment system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] This study, using fMRI, investigated how different lighting conditions stimulate brain regions in subjects and found that lighting can influence mood, visual development, cognitive responses, and sleep cycles. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that simply manipulating lighting conditions (i.e., illumination) not only alters human mood, as is generally known, but can also improve visual development, cognitive responses, and sleep cycles in animals. Furthermore, the infants and young children referred to in this study include newborns (i.e., within three months of birth) and infants (i.e., 3-12 months of age and older).

[0034] [Corrected 07 / 11 / 2024 according to Rule 26] First, the present invention conducted a series of experiments on observing brain regions using only color temperature adjustment. Specifically, a series of experiments were conducted without viewing emotional images, focusing solely on color temperature adjustment to observe brain regions. In experiments conducted in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Beijing, China, we obtained a set of "blood-oxygen-level-dependent indices," or BOLD indices, for brain regions illuminated by color temperatures of 3000K, 4000K, and 5700K. The BOLD indices for brain regions at 3000K, 4000K, and 5700K are shown in Table 1 below:

[0035] Table 1

[0036] The left calcarine cortex represents negative emotions; the left frontal superior cortex represents agitation (neuroticism); the left middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and the right inferior triangular gyrus (IFG) represent stability. Next, Table 1 is converted into a blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal (BOLD) index (Table 2) comparing color temperature to emotion. The emotional stability index in Table 2 is derived by summing the MCC (left middle cingulate cortex) and IFG (right inferior triangular gyrus) values.

[0037] Table 2

[0038] Since excitement and stability are opposite emotions, we subtract them to form an indicator of emotional opposition; the opposite of negative emotions is positive emotions. Therefore, we can summarize the BOLD index for 3000K, 4000K, and 5700K color temperatures in terms of emotion as shown in Table 3:

[0039] Table 3

[0040] Based on the above results, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0041] 1. Compared to other color temperatures, 4000K can evoke more positive emotions, while 5700K is most likely to evoke negative emotions.

[0042] 2. 3000K gives people a sense of stability, while 5700K is more likely to bring about emotional excitement compared to other color temperatures.

[0043] Obviously, the above experimental results can confirm that the adjustment of the color temperature of pure color light can also have an impact on emotions. And, based on the above, the present invention believes that the complete emotion induction system includes: the influence of "picture cognition" on emotions and the influence of "color temperature change" on emotions. According to the above experimental results, it can be found that after using pure color lighting and using emotional pictures for emotional guidance, "picture cognition" and "color temperature change" can both have an impact on emotions, but the degree to which "color temperature change" lighting affects emotions is not as obvious as that with emotional pictures. The present invention confirms that the influence of emotion induction includes "picture cognition" and "color temperature change", among which the influence of "picture cognition" on emotions is greater than the influence of "color temperature change", as shown in Figure 1, wherein Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the emotion induction mechanism.

[0044] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, the present invention's use of color temperature changes can only assist in regulating emotions, while primary emotional changes arise from cognitive stimulation. This emotional stimulation is induced using the International Affection Picture System (IAPS). Furthermore, after conducting pure color experiments based on the present invention, we identified corresponding color temperature curves for four brain regions, which are described below.

[0045] First, the experiment focused on the left calcarine cortex. The BOLD index of the left calcarine cortex after being exposed to different color temperatures according to Table 1 is shown in Table 4.

[0046] Table 4

[0047] The present invention has derived a color temperature curve corresponding to the brain region of Calcarine (representing negative emotions), as shown in Figure 2A. Clearly, the color temperature curve corresponding to Calcarine has a minimum value at 4000K; conversely, when the color temperature rises or falls, it will cause more negative emotions.

[0048] Next, we conducted experiments on the left superior frontal cortex (Frontal Superior). The BOLD index of the Frontal Superior region in Table 1 after being exposed to different color temperatures is shown in Table 5.

[0049] Table 5

[0050] The present invention has derived a color temperature curve corresponding to the Frontal Superior (representing emotional excitement) brain region, as shown in Figure 2B. Clearly, the Frontal Superior reaches its maximum at 4400K, which can elevate emotions. Next, experiments were conducted on the right inferior frontal triangular gyrus (IFG). The BOLD index of the IFG after exposure to different color temperatures, as shown in Table 6, is shown below.

[0051] Table 6

[0052] The present invention has derived the corresponding color temperature curve for the IFG (representing emotional stability) brain region, as shown in Figure 2C. Clearly, the IFG (representing emotional stability) reaches its maximum at 4200K. Next, experiments were conducted on the MCC (left middle cingulate cortex). The BOLD index of the MCC after exposure to different color temperatures, as shown in Table 7, is shown below.

[0053] Table 7

[0054] We obtained the corresponding color temperature curve for the MCC brain region, as shown in Figure 2D. Obviously, the MCC is stable, just like the IFG, and also has a maximum value at 4200K.

[0055] The brain region functions and critical conditions are summarized in Table 8 below. It is found that the adjustment of color temperature will affect the following four brain regions: the left calcarine cortex represents negative emotions, and more importantly, visual reactions in cognitive functions; the left frontal superior cortex represents emotional excitement (neuroticism), and more importantly, working memory and laughter in cognitive functions; the left middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and the right inferior frontal triangular gyrus (IFG) both represent emotional stability. In addition, the left middle cingulate cortex (MCC) is more important in cognitive functions, especially cognition and reward, while the right inferior frontal triangular gyrus (IFG) is more important in cognitive functions, especially language.

[0056] Table 8

[0057] Next, the present invention further obtained the effect of pure light stimulation experiment on brain areas. Among them, the experiment was conducted on 30 people, testing pure color stimulation of green light, red light, blue light and three white lights of 3000K, 4000K and 5700K. The results are explained as follows.

[0058] First, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain with pure red light are shown in Figure 3A. In Figure 3A, we can obtain light-to-electronic signals (i.e., stimulation responses) in the lower-level visual brain regions on the right side of the brain, as shown at position 2 in Figure 3A. Furthermore, we can obtain stimulation of the language-related brain regions on the right side of the brain. Stimulation of this brain region can improve expressive ability, as shown at position 3 in Figure 3A.

[0059] Next, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with green and red light are shown in Figure 3B. In Figure 3B, an increased blood flow response in creativity-related areas can be observed in the right brain region, as shown at position 2 in Figure 3B. Significant stimulation can also be observed in areas related to language expression ability in the right brain region, as shown at position 3 in Figure 33B. Furthermore, in the right brain region, an increase in the response of low- and high-order visual transmission (including the meaning generated by images) in the visual reflection area can be observed. Low-order vision enhances expressive ability, while high-order vision enhances the ability to convert images into meaning, as shown at position 4 in Figure 3B.

[0060] Next, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with blue and red light are shown in Figure 3C. In Figure 3C, a response in the language area can be observed in the right brain region, as shown at position 2 in Figure 3C. Low-level visual response areas can also be stimulated in the right brain region, improving expressive ability, as shown at position 3 in Figure 3C. A wakefulness response can also be observed in the right brain region, as shown at position 4 in Figure 3C.

[0061] Next, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with white light at a color temperature of 3000K are shown in Figure 3D. In Figure 3D, the cerebellum is stimulated in the right brain area, improving coordination and balance, as shown at position 1 in Figure 3D. Lower-level visual responses are also observed in the right brain area, improving expressive ability, as shown at position 2 in Figure 3D.

[0062] Next, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain area with white light at a color temperature of 4000K are shown in Figure 3E. In Figure 3E, a high-level visual response can be obtained in the right brain region, improving the ability to convert images into meaning, as shown at position 3 in Figure 3E. A response in the voluntary muscle control area can also be obtained in the right brain region, as shown at position 4 in Figure 3E. Furthermore, the right brain region can achieve enhanced perceptual abilities, including enhanced perception of temperature, touch, and weight.

[0063] Finally, the stimulation results after illuminating the brain with white light at a color temperature of 5700K are shown in Figure 3F. In Figure 3F, the most pronounced visual response is observed in the right brain region, as indicated by position 2 in Figure 3F. A significant response is also observed in the language expression region, as indicated by position 3 in Figure 3F. Furthermore, increased concentration and judgment are observed in the right brain region.

[0064] By varying the lighting conditions to stimulate different brain regions, we found that both red light and reddish white light (3000K) stimulated the hippocampus, while green light had a negative effect on the precentral gyrus. The perceptual functions of these pure light colors corresponding to the corresponding brain regions are summarized in Table 9:

[0065] Table 9

[0066] The present invention is based on the findings of SA Rivkees' 2003 book (Developing Circadian Rhythmicity in Infants), which shows that rhythmic lighting can effectively influence a newborn's sleep cycle from birth, even leading to better weight gain than newborns exposed to non-rhythmic lighting. Furthermore, according to AR Tarullo's 2011 book (Sleep and Infant Learning), rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has a significant impact on the integration, development, and cognitive development of a newborn's brain, and a lack of REM sleep can cause defects in brain development. Furthermore, equivalent melatonin illuminance (EML) can be used to describe the effect of lighting on melatonin. EML is calculated by multiplying the vertical visual illuminance in a space by the ratio of the light source. Therefore, EML measures the degree to which light in a given area stimulates the human circadian cycle. For example, during the day, when EML is high, it suppresses melatonin, keeping us awake. At night, when EML is absent, higher levels of melatonin are secreted, helping us fall asleep and promoting REM sleep. Therefore, insufficient EML during the day delays sleep cycles, reduces REM sleep, and consequently impairs the development of the brain, nerves, and cognitive systems.

[0067] Furthermore, according to newer research, RW Ameen pointed out in his 2022 book (Early life circadian rhythm disruption in mice alters brain and behavior in adulthood) that disrupting the circadian rhythm of mice by changing lighting conditions will affect the speed of neural development in their brains.

[0068] Based on the above knowledge, the present invention conducted experiments on mice using different light spectra and confirmed that rhythmic lighting affects the sleep patterns of mice. In particular, different light source color rendering indexes (CRI or Ra) will also have different effects on the activity of mice. For example, blue light will reduce the rapid eye movement (REM) period during sleep. Obviously, the present invention has specifically found the spectrum that promotes cognitive development as shown in Table 9. These spectrums will affect the brain areas corresponding to cognitive development, thereby increasing their BOLD response. In addition, from the research literature of RW Ameen et al. and mouse experiments, the present invention has proved that rhythmic lighting affects the sleep cycles of neonates and newborn mammals, and from the literature, it is found that the sleep cycle is related to the brain and cognitive development.

[0069] It should be noted in particular that in order to enhance the effect of lighting on infants and young children in terms of "spectrums that promote brain cognitive development", the present invention further selects and screens out lighting spectra that can achieve "increase EML during the day and increase REM reactions at night". Therefore, the present invention intersects the "spectrum that promotes brain cognitive development" and the "lighting spectrum that increases REM reactions" in Table 9 to obtain a spectrum formula that "can enhance sleep cycle stability, enhance REM, and promote brain cognitive development", as shown in Figure 4, wherein Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spectrum screened out for lighting suitable for infants and young children. Since "blue light can reduce rapid eye movement (REM) during sleep", the present invention further selects to exclude blue light that can reduce REM from the "spectrum that promotes brain cognitive development" in Table 9, that is, the lighting spectrum suitable for infants and young children can be obtained as shown in Table 10 below:

[0070] Table 10

[0071] Furthermore, because the intensity and timing of infant lighting spectrum must conform to circadian lighting conditions, the present invention proposes an enhanced circadian lighting comparison table and a standard circadian lighting comparison table based on daily 24-hour light variations. The enhanced circadian lighting comparison table is shown in Table 11, while the standard circadian lighting comparison table is shown in Table 12. The circadian lighting comparison table here specifies the corresponding EML intensities for different time periods. For example, in Table 11, the EML intensity between 6:00 AM and 12:00 PM is set to 1500.

[0072] Table 11

[0073] Table 12

[0074] Since EML is the product of eye illuminance (lux) and the scotopic / photopic ratio (S / P ratio), that is, EML = lux x S / P ratio, and different spectra have different S / P ratios, each light source has its own corresponding S / P ratio. A larger S / P ratio indicates better visual perception. Therefore, to enhance infant sleep cycles and promote future cognitive development, the present invention combines the infant-friendly lighting sources in Table 10 with the rhythmic lighting comparison tables in Tables 11 and 12 to create a rhythmic lighting formula that adjusts for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in infants. Table 13 shows an enhanced rhythmic lighting formula, while Table 14 shows a standard rhythmic lighting formula. The illuminance range of + / -10% indicates that the Lux values ​​in Tables 13 and 14 can have a + / -10% error.

[0075] Using Table 13 or Table 14, the present invention can adjust the rhythmic lighting formula for infants based on their sleep cycles or REM duration standards. For example, when REM levels are below standard, the enhanced rhythmic lighting formula can be selected to continue providing lighting to the infant. For example, when the light source is 3000K white light, the strongest EML (i.e., 1500) can be adjusted. At this point, the system or staff can adjust the lamp's illuminance to Lux = 1071 and continue providing lighting to the infant. When REM levels are met, if the lighting time is in the evening, the enhanced rhythmic lighting formula can be set to EML = 50. If the lighting time is near midnight, the standard rhythmic lighting formula can be set to EML = 50. For example, if the light source is also 3000K white light, the system or staff can adjust the lamp's illuminance to Lux = 36 and continue providing lighting to the infant.

[0076] Table 13 (Illumination range + / -10%)

[0077] Table 14 (Illumination range + / -10%)

[0078] Next, based on the research results of Pathway.org, a body and mind development organization, the present invention distinguishes and explains REM development in newborns and infants as follows:

[0079] 1. Neonatal period (0-3 months):

[0080] 0-1 month: During this period, approximately 50%-70% of a newborn's sleep is REM sleep, averaging 8 to 12.6 hours per day. REM sleep during this period contributes to brain integration, development, and the formation of the nervous system.

[0081] 2-3 months: As the circadian rhythm gradually develops, the proportion of REM sleep decreases to about 40%-50%, with daily REM sleep lasting about 7 to 9 hours. Sleep begins to gradually shift from NREM sleep, and nighttime sleep duration increases.

[0082] 2. Infancy (4-6 months):

[0083] By 4 to 6 months, the proportion of REM sleep drops further to 30%-40%, with approximately 5 to 7 hours of REM sleep per day. At this time, the baby's sleep cycles also begin to lengthen, with each sleep cycle lasting about 50 minutes.

[0084] 3. Late infancy (7-12 months):

[0085] Between 7 and 12 months, the proportion of REM sleep decreases to a level similar to that of children, accounting for approximately 25%-30% of total sleep time. Therefore, REM sleep lasts approximately 3.5 to 5 hours per day. During this stage, REM sleep occurs primarily in the latter half of the night and contributes to mood regulation and memory consolidation.

[0086] While REM sleep gradually decreases with age during an infant's first year, it plays a crucial role in brain integration, development, learning, and memory consolidation. Therefore, the present invention uses the minimum number of REM hours per period as a minimum standard based on the REM development process, resulting in a graph showing age and REM development, as shown in Figure 5 , hereinafter referred to as the "REM development graph." In the REM development graph of Figure 5 , the horizontal axis represents the infant's actual age (birth to 12 months), and the vertical axis represents the real-time measurement of the infant's REM state. REM time is measured in hours. For example, in the first month after birth, an infant must have at least 8 hours of REM sleep to contribute to their important functions, such as brain integration, development, learning, and memory consolidation.

[0087] Next, the present invention provides an infant lighting adjustment system 10, as shown in FIG6 . The infant lighting adjustment system 10 includes a crib 100, which provides a sleeping space for an infant. A light source adjustment device 110, equipped with an LED lamp, is positioned above or around the crib 100. The light source adjustment device 110 can adjust the LED lamp's lighting parameters, including color temperature, brightness, flicker rate, and color rendering. A feedback device 120 is positioned inside or around the crib 100. When the infant lighting adjustment system 10 is in operation, the feedback device 120 is positioned on the infant's body. The feedback device 120 includes external sensors such as fMRI, EEG, a BLE thermometer, a galvanic skin response (GSR) device, a heart rate measurement device, a smart mattress, and an AI-enabled camera. A server device 130, with computing, data storage, and communication capabilities, can serve as an edge computing device. For example, an edge computing device equipped with a microprocessor unit (MPU), memory, and communication modules can be connected to a light source control device 110 and a feedback device 120 via wired or wireless communication. Furthermore, judgment software 140 is configured within the MPU. Based on the feedback from the feedback device 120 regarding the infant's real-time sleep cycle and REM state, judgment software 140 calculates an appropriate rhythmic lighting formula. The light source control device 110, feedback device 120, and server device 130 all have communication capabilities and are capable of communicating with the cloud 20. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cloud 20 is equipped with powerful computing and storage devices to store information on various aspects of the infant's cognitive and rhythmic development, suitable infant lighting sources as shown in Table 10, rhythmic lighting comparison tables as shown in Tables 11 and 12, rhythmic lighting formulas as shown in Tables 13 and 14, and the REM development chart shown in FIG5 . Furthermore, the relevant data previously stored in the cloud 20 storage device, particularly the rhythmic lighting formulas in Tables 13 and 14 and the REM development chart shown in Figure 5, can be transferred to and stored in the server device 130, enabling the server device 130 to function as an edge computing center. Furthermore, after receiving real-time information from the server device 130, the cloud 20 computing device within the cloud 20 can perform artificial intelligence computations on the big data, then transmit the computational results back to the server device 130. The server device 130 then drives the light source control device 110 to provide the appropriate rhythmic lighting formula for infants and young children. Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present invention, the server device 130 and the judgment software 140 can be directly deployed in the cloud, and this is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0088] FIG7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the infant lighting adjustment system 10 of the present invention. The operation process of the infant lighting adjustment system 10 of the present invention includes: First, please refer to step 7100 in FIG7 . Detect the light environment index around the crib device 100 (for example, the light intensity and color temperature of the background light). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circadian rhythm timing and the light environment index around the crib device 100 are further obtained to serve as the light source adjustment device 110 to select or adjust the appropriate rhythmic lighting light formula. The circadian rhythm information can be obtained from the cloud 20 via the server device 130, including the light source suitable for infant lighting in Table 10, the rhythmic lighting comparison tables in Tables 11 and 12, and the rhythmic lighting formulas in Tables 13 and 14.

[0089] Next, as shown in step 7200 in FIG. 7 , the infant lighting adjustment system 10 calculates the light environment index or circadian rhythm timing using an algorithm configured in the judgment software 140, and then uses the light source adjustment device 110 to provide the infant with a rhythmic lighting formula from Table 13 or Table 14 for a lighting program. Obviously, the adjustment of the lighting dosage is based on the current light environment index. Next, the light source adjustment device 110 provides appropriate lighting to the infant based on the rhythmic lighting formula from Tables 13 and 14, which can promote a stable sleep cycle for the infant and aid in brain integration, development, and formation of the infant's nervous system. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when providing lighting to a newborn, the infant lighting adjustment system 10 can select to use different light sources from the enhanced rhythmic lighting formula from Table 13 in sequence for lighting. For example, the servo device 130 drives the light source adjustment device 110 to sequentially provide 3000K white light, 4000K white light, 4200K white light and red light. When performing illumination, corresponding illuminance (Lux) can be provided according to the illumination period. In addition, the illumination cycle of different light sources can be selected as 1-7 days. That is, after 3000K white light provides corresponding illuminance (Lux) according to the rhythmic time to illuminate the infant for 1-7 days, it is replaced with 4000K white light to provide corresponding illuminance (Lux) according to the rhythmic time to illuminate the infant for 1-7 days, and so on. The purpose of such illumination is because infants sleep in a space isolated from natural light and cannot feel the rhythmic changes of natural light. At the same time, the infants' sleep stages have not yet formed a circadian rhythm. Therefore, the present invention provides a light formula with rhythmic lighting, which can help infants have a stable sleep cycle in an environment with a fixed cycle of rhythmic lighting. Only with a stable sleep cycle can infants' brains rest and integrate, which is beneficial for brain development and the formation of their nervous systems. Furthermore, because different light sources have different cognitive responses to different brain regions, the purpose of using different light sources for cyclical rhythmic lighting is to stimulate the formation of more cognitive nervous systems in the brain. It should be further emphasized that the light sources suitable for infant lighting listed in Table 10 are merely examples of the present invention, used to illustrate the purpose and effects of using different light source spectral formulas for cyclical rhythmic lighting. They do not limit the types of light sources that can be used for the rhythmic lighting formulas of the present invention. This is forewarned.

[0090] Next, as shown in step 7300 in Figure 7, the infant lighting adjustment system 10 evaluates the infant's sleep cycles and cognitive development after the rhythmic lighting formulation process. This evaluation is based on the infant's sleep state captured by external sensors in the feedback device 120. For example, an EEG (electroencephalogram) can directly observe REM sleep and use this to define sleep quality. A temperature patch uses core body temperature as a criterion for determining sleep cycles and REM duration. A GSR device uses emotional stability time as a criterion for determining sleep cycles and REM duration. Furthermore, feedback from the smart mattress and an AI-enabled camera are used to confirm and record the infant's REM sleep during rhythmic lighting. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention utilizes an Internet of Things (IoT) communication architecture to assess and analyze infant REM sleep status in real time or periodically.

[0091] It should be noted that in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention utilizes feedback data from the feedback device 120, particularly fMRI or EEG, to evaluate and compile infant REM sleep profiles through real-time and periodic monitoring. The AI ​​camera then records each infant's REM sleep state after light exposure. Subsequently, the server device 130 stores each infant's REM sleep state profile after light exposure in a database on the cloud 20. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as the number of samples increases and through the AI ​​learning model, a more consistent result or curve is established for analyzing various aspects of the infant's cognitive and rhythmic development, as shown in step 7310 of FIG. Furthermore, step 7310 can provide the infant REM development curve shown in FIG. 5 , which can be used as a comparison standard curve to determine whether each infant's REM sleep state after light exposure meets the expected number of hours. The infant REM development curve shown in FIG. 5 can be stored in the memory of the server device 130 or the memory of the cloud 20.

[0092] In the above analysis of REM sleep state curves, the present invention is particularly targeted at infants, including newborns. Its purpose is to help newborns establish a more resilient REM sleep state through periodic stimulation of early rhythmic lighting formulas before the newborns have formed a circadian rhythm. Rhythm disorders caused by staying up late or occasional jet lag during the infants' growth can be corrected more quickly, and the infants' nervous systems can also be more resilient.

[0093] Next, as shown in step 7400 of FIG7 , the infant lighting adjustment system 10 needs to determine whether the infant's REM sleep state curve after the lighting process conforms to the REM sleep development curve (i.e., the REM sleep standard curve). The REM sleep standard curve can be provided by step 7310.

[0094] In step 7400, after a newborn baby less than one month old undergoes an illumination process using 3000K white light, the feedback device 120 determines that the newborn's current REM sleep state is 10 hours. At this point, the servo device 130 retrieves the standard curve for infant REM development shown in FIG5 from its memory (as shown in step 7310). The microprocessor unit (MPU) then extracts the REM sleep state standard curve, which indicates that children under one month old require more than 8 hours of REM sleep. Therefore, if the newborn's REM sleep state is 10 hours, the servo device 130 determines that this meets expectations, and the light source control device 110 continues illumination according to the program, as shown in step 7500. Simultaneously, the servo device 130 transmits the currently acquired REM sleep state (10 hours) to the servo device 130 for recording, as shown in step 7310.

[0095] Continuing in step 7400, a newborn baby less than one month old undergoes a 3000K white light illumination program. Feedback device 120 reports a current REM sleep state of six hours. The microprocessor unit (MPU) in servo device 130 determines that the current REM sleep state does not meet expectations. Therefore, the algorithm in servo device 130 provides appropriate illumination for the infant based on the rhythmic lighting formulas in Tables 13 and 14, as shown in step 7600. For example, if the REM sleep state does not meet the standard of six hours, the servo device 130 can adjust the illumination to a higher intensity rhythmic lighting formula in Table 13 to continue the illumination. For example, if the light source is 3000K white light, the highest EML setting (i.e., 1500) can be used. At this point, the system or personnel can adjust the illumination of the light source control device 110 to Lux = 1071 before continuing the illumination. When REM sleep reaches the standard (i.e., REM sleep lasting more than 8 hours), if the illumination time is in the evening, EML = 50 in Table 13 can be selected. If the illumination time is near midnight, EML = 50 in the standard rhythmic lighting formula in Table 14 can be selected. For example, if the light source adjustment device 110 is still providing 3000K white light, the system or staff can adjust the light source's illuminance to Lux = 36 to illuminate the infant. For another example, if a newborn is already being illuminated with 4200K white light, if the microprocessor unit (MPU) determines that the currently achieved REM sleep state does not meet expectations, the algorithm in the servo device 130 can select a spectral formula with EML = 1500 or EML = 500 for illumination. For example, if EML = 500 is selected, the light source adjustment device 110 adjusts the illuminance to Lux = 357 before illumination is provided to the infant. Obviously, the lighting program of the present invention helps newborns establish a more resilient REM sleep state by means of periodic stimulation of rhythmic lighting light formula.

[0096] Next, in step 7600, if the newborn has completed the rhythmic lighting formula in Table 13 and has reached infancy (4-6 months) or late infancy (7-12 months), the present invention can select a specific light source to illuminate the infant based on the algorithm in the servo device 130. For example, if the algorithm selects 4200K white light for illumination, it can enhance the infant's language and cognitive functions. Alternatively, the servo device 130 can select 4200K white light based on the infant's parent's preferences or requests. For example, if the parent selects to enhance the infant's language function, the algorithm can select 4200K white light for illumination. Subsequently, when the infant reaches one year old, a REM development curve for each infant can be obtained in step 7310. Obviously, although each infant's REM development curve is based on the REM development curve in Table 5, the obtained REM development curve is not exactly the same for each infant. By incorporating information about the specific light source, the present invention can provide a learning curve for perceptual functions during the infant's early childhood period.

[0097] Because newborns and infants haven't yet developed a circadian rhythm, their sleep time is randomly distributed throughout the day and night, accompanied by irregular sleep and wake patterns. Therefore, the present invention provides a spectral formula with rhythmic lighting that influences infants' sleep cycles by illuminating them. The spectral formula is adjusted based on changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, thereby enhancing the infant's sleep cycle and promoting future cognitive development.

[0098] Furthermore, for infants and young children who do not yet have cognitive functions, providing them with lighting that regulates color temperature periodically can improve and enhance their sleep quality. Good sleep quality can help establish a stable biological rhythm through early periodic lighting stimulation, especially stimulating the development of infants' intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). For example, when low-level visual stimulation is achieved, it can enhance expressive ability, and when high-level visual stimulation is achieved, it can enhance the ability to convert images into meaning.

[0099] Clearly, the present invention helps infants establish a more resilient circadian cycle by providing early cyclical stimulation before their photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are affected by actual light conditions. This allows for more rapid correction of circadian irregularities caused by staying up late or occasional jet lag as infants grow, and also allows the infant's nervous system to develop a certain degree of resilience.

[0100] Finally, we must once again emphasize that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the above description should be readily apparent to those skilled in the relevant art and should be readily applicable. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications that do not depart from the concepts disclosed herein are intended to be encompassed by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for light treatment of infants and young children, characterized in that: include: Provided is a lighting adjustment system, which is composed of a light source adjustment device, a feedback device and a servo device. The servo device has stored a rhythmic lighting light formula table related to sensory development and a REM sleep development curve, and is used to drive the light source adjustment device to perform lighting according to the rhythmic lighting light formula table. The feedback device is in contact with an infant to transmit the number of REM sleep hours of the infant after lighting to the servo device. The lighting program is executed by the servo device driving the light source adjustment device to sequentially illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting light formula table; The REM sleep hours of the infant are obtained by transmitting the REM sleep hours of the infant after the illumination to the server device through the feedback device; assessing whether the REM sleep is in line with expectations by comparing, by the servo device, the number of REM sleep hours of the infant transmitted by the feedback device with the REM sleep development curve; and The rhythmic lighting formula is maintained for continuous lighting. When the servo device determines that the infant's REM sleep hours are consistent with the REM sleep development curve hours, the servo device drives the light source adjustment device to continuously illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting formula table.

2. The method for infant light exposure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The rhythmic lighting formula is as follows:

3. The method for infant light exposure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that :The rhythmic lighting formula is as follows::

4. The method for infant light treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that :The hours of REM sleep development curve decrease as the actual age of infants and young children increases.

5. The method for infant light exposure according to claim 1, characterized in that :Before executing the rhythmic lighting formula, the servo device detects the light environment index and circadian rhythm information around the infant.

6. The method for infant light treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that When the servo device determines that the infant's REM sleep hours are lower than the REM sleep development curve hours, the servo device selects a rhythmic lighting light formula with high equivalent melatonin illuminance (EML) from the lighting light source to perform lighting.

7. The method for infant light treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that :The feedback device is selected from a combination of EEG, BLE thermometer and galvanic skin response (GSR) device.

8. The method for infant light treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that : An algorithm configured in the servo device performs a comparison between the infant's REM sleep hours and the REM sleep development curve hours.

9. An infant lighting adjustment system, comprising: A baby crib device for providing a sleeping space for a baby; A light source adjustment device, equipped with an LED lamp, is arranged above or around the crib device to adjust the lighting parameters of the ED lamp; a feedback device, which is disposed on the body of the infant to obtain and transmit the real-time REM sleep state of the infant; and A server device is configured with a processing unit, a communication unit and a memory unit, wherein: The memory unit stores a rhythmic lighting light formula table related to sensory development and a REM sleep development curve, and the processing unit is used to drive the light source adjustment device to illuminate the infant according to the rhythmic lighting light formula table.

10. The lighting adjustment system for infants and young children as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that The processing unit in the servo device is further configured with an algorithm, and when the servo device receives the real-time REM sleep status of the infant transmitted by the feedback device, the algorithm compares the number of REM sleep hours of the infant after illumination with the number of hours of the REM sleep development curve.

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