Ophthalmologic examination instrument

Abstract

Provided is an ophthalmologic examination instrument capable of performing a plurality of ophthalmologic function examinations.　An ophthalmologic examination instrument 1 comprises a hand-held body 2. The body 2 comprises a plurality of examination windows 22, 38 which enable ophthalmologic function examinations. The plurality of examination windows 22, 38 include pairs of window parts 20, 21, 30, 37, each pair being arranged with an interpupillary distance therebetween.

Description

Ophthalmic examination equipment

[0001] The present invention relates to an ophthalmic examination instrument.

[0002] Ophthalmic examination instruments with handheld bodies have been known for some time, including a cyclodextrin measuring instrument (Patent Document 1) for determining the presence and degree of cyclostrabismus, a linear glass tester for checking the presence and type of strabismus or diplopia, an interpupillary distance measuring instrument for measuring the interpupillary distance, and an eye shield that can cover one eye during a cover test or the like.

[0003] Republished Publication No. 2015 / 163444

[0004] However, conventional handheld main bodies only have one of the above functions, and when performing multiple ophthalmic function tests, there is a problem that multiple types of main bodies must be prepared and exchanged to perform the tests. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmic testing device that can solve the above problem and perform multiple ophthalmic function tests.

[0005] This specification includes the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-188848, filed on November 2, 2023. The present invention comprises a handheld main body having a plurality of examination windows that enable ophthalmic function examinations, and the plurality of examination windows each have a pair of window portions that are arranged with an interpupillary distance therebetween.

[0006] According to the present invention, multiple ophthalmic functional tests can be performed.

[0007] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the ophthalmic examination instrument. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the ophthalmic examination instrument. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the back surface of the front case. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a Bagorini striated lens test is performed using the ophthalmic examination instrument. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which a cyclodextral deviation measurement is performed using the ophthalmic examination instrument. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which an interpupillary distance measurement is performed using the ophthalmic examination instrument. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which a visual acuity test is performed using the ophthalmic examination instrument.

[0008] (Embodiment 1) [Configuration of Ophthalmic Examination Instrument] Hereinafter, embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a plan view of an ophthalmic examination instrument 1, and Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the ophthalmic examination instrument 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the back surface of the front case 3.

[0009] The ophthalmic examination instrument 1 includes a handheld resin main body 2, which includes a front case 3 and a rear case 4, as shown in Figure 2. The front case 3 includes an elliptical first opening 8, a rectangular second opening 9, and a circular third opening 10. The rear case 4 has the same configuration as the front case 3, including an elliptical first opening 8A, a rectangular second opening 9A, and a circular third opening 10A. Between the front case 3 and the rear case 4 are sandwiched an occluder lens 11, a first optical element 12, and a second optical element 13, which are used in ophthalmology for various functional tests described below.

[0010] 3, a step 14 is formed on the back surface of the front case 3. An occluder lens 11 is disposed on step 14A formed around the first opening 8, a first optical element 12 is disposed on step 14B formed around the second opening 9, and a second optical element 13 is disposed on step 14C formed around the third opening 10. After the occluder lens 11, the first optical element 12, and the second optical element 13 are disposed, the rear case 4 is fitted onto step 14, and the rear case 4 is fixed to the front case 3 with pins (not shown) or adhered with an adhesive.

[0011] 2, the first optical element 12 has a first Bagoline lens 20 and a second Bagoline lens 21, and a third Bagoline lens 37 is provided between the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21. The first Bagoline lens 20, the second Bagoline lens 21, and the third Bagoline lens 37 each have a width of approximately 30 mm in the longitudinal direction, and the second opening 9 has a width of approximately 90 mm.

[0012] The Bagoline lens is a lens used in Bagoline linear lens tests to diagnose retinal correspondence abnormalities. It is a lens with specific angled striations on a colorless or colored transparent glass. Light passing through the Bagoline lens is observed as a linear light extending perpendicular to the angle of the striations. The first Bagoline lens 20 is a 45-degree Bagoline lens in which the striations are inclined at 45 degrees when the clockwise direction is taken as the positive direction around the short-side direction of the main body 2. The second Bagoline lens 21 is a 135-degree Bagoline lens in which the striations are inclined at 135 degrees when the clockwise direction is taken as the positive direction around the short-side direction of the main body 2. In this embodiment, the first Bagoline lens (window) 20 and the second Bagoline lens (window) 21 correspond to the first test window 22. The first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21 are formed so that the distance between their centers is approximately 60 mm (pupillary distance). The first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21 are formed of colorless, transparent glass. The third Bagoline lens 37 may be colored, and is colored red in this embodiment.

[0013] The third Bagoline lens 37 is a 0-degree Bagoline lens whose lines are not inclined relative to the short-side direction of the main body 2. The third Bagoline lens (window portion) 37 and a Maddox rod (window portion) 30 of the second optical element 13 (described later) correspond to a second inspection window 38. The distance between the center of the Maddox rod 30 and the center of the third Bagoline lens 37 is set to approximately 60 mm (pupillary distance).

[0014] The second optical element 13 includes a Maddox rod 30 and an operating unit 31 integrated with the Maddox rod 30. The Maddox rod 30 has a structure in which multiple cylindrical lenses are aligned parallel to each other with no gaps between them and then bonded together, and the bonded multiple cylindrical lenses are then cut into a circular shape perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical lenses. The Maddox rod 30 may be colored, and in this embodiment is colored green. The center of the circle of the Maddox rod 30 coincides with the center of the circle of the third opening 10.

[0015] The operating unit 31 is disposed on a sectorial step 33 (see FIG. 3) on the back surface of the front case 3. The operating unit 31 is swingable within the range of the sectorial step 33, and swinging the operating unit 31 causes the Maddox rod 30 to rotate freely.

[0016] 1, an end of the operating unit 31 protrudes from the end of the main body 2, and a marker 32 is formed on this protruding end. The front case 3 is provided with an angle scale 35, which is printed on the surface between the third opening 10 and the round portion 34. When the examiner operates the operating unit 31, the Maddox rod 30 rotates, the marker 32 points to the angle scale 35, and the examiner can read the angle scale 35 and confirm the rotation angle of the Maddox rod 30 (the axial direction of the cylindrical lens).

[0017] The Maddox rod 30 is arranged so that when the marker 32 corresponds to "0" on the angle scale 35, the angle of the Maddox rod 30 is parallel to the short-side direction of the main body 2. When the marker 32 corresponds to "0" on the angle scale 35, the axial direction of the cylindrical lenses that make up the Maddox rod 30 coincides with the short-side direction of the main body 2.

[0018] The front case 3 has a left-right guide portion 36 between the third opening 10 and the angle scale 35, and the left-right guide portion 36 is printed on the surface between the third opening 10 and the angle scale 35. On the left-right guide portion 36, "RF (Right fixation (fixation with the right eye))" and "LF (Left fixation (fixation with the left eye))" are printed upside down, with "In" printed above and "Ex" below the left and right "RF", and "In" printed above and "Ex" below "LF".

[0019] The front case 3 has first scale graduations 5 on one side 3A extending in the longitudinal direction. The first scale graduations 5 are printed on side 3A. The front case 3 has nose pads 7 on the other side 3B extending in the longitudinal direction. A mark 7A indicating the center of the nose pads 7 is printed in the center of the nose pads 7. The front case 3 has a pair of second scale graduations 6, distributed on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the main body 2, based on the mark (center) 7A of the nose pads 7. The pair of second scale graduations 6 are printed 40 mm apart.

[0020] 4 shows an example of a retinal correspondence test, a Bagorini striated lens test (ophthalmic function test), using the ophthalmic examination instrument 1. In this case, the first examination window 22 of the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 is placed against the eye of the subject to perform the test.

[0021] The first test window 22 includes a first Bagoline lens (window) 20 and a second Bagoline lens (window) 21. The first Bagoline lens 20 corresponds to the window through which the line of sight G of the subject's right eye passes, and the second Bagoline lens 21 corresponds to the window through which the line of sight G of the subject's left eye passes, and this pair of windows constitutes the first test window 22. Each of the pair of windows is positioned with an interpupillary distance of approximately 60 mm.

[0022] In the Bagoline line lens test, the examiner places the ophthalmic tester 1 between the test light source LI1 and the examinee's eyes Ey, and the examinee observes the light source LI1 through the first test window 22. The examinee perceives two linear light beams Lb1 and Lb2 corresponding to the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21, respectively. The examiner diagnoses an abnormality in the examinee's retinal correspondence based on how the linear light beam Lb1 perceived through the first Bagoline lens 20 and the linear light beam Lb2 perceived through the second Bagoline lens 21 appear.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21 are disposed on either side of the third Bagoline lens 37. The third Bagoline lens 37 is disposed at a position from 45 mm to 75 mm on the first scale 5, the first Bagoline lens 20 is disposed at a position from 15 mm to 45 mm on the first scale 5, and the second Bagoline lens 21 is disposed at a position from 75 mm to 105 mm on the first scale 5. The interpupillary distance of a subject is generally approximately 60 mm on average, with a range from 45 to 70 mm. According to this embodiment, the first test window 22 can accommodate subjects with various interpupillary distances.

[0024] [Application for Measuring Rotational Deviation] Figure 5 shows an embodiment for measuring rotational deviation (ophthalmic function testing). In this case, the second test window 38 of the ophthalmic tester 1 is placed against the subject's eye, allowing the degree of rotational deviation of the subject to be quantified. The second test window 38 includes a third Bagoline lens (window) 37 and a Maddox rod (window) 30. The third Bagoline lens 37 is, for example, red, and the Maddox rod 30 is, for example, green. The third Bagoline lens 37 and the Maddox rod 30 correspond to the window through which the line of sight G passes, and this pair of windows constitutes the second test window 38. The pair of windows are positioned with an interpupillary distance of approximately 60 mm.

[0025] In the measurement of cycloduction deviation, the examiner places the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 between the measurement light source LI2 and the subject's eyes Ey, and the subject observes the light source LI2 through the second examination window 38. In the measurement of cycloduction deviation, for example, one of the subject's eyes is designated as the fixation eye, and the red third Bagoline lens 37 is held in front of the subject's eye so that it is in front of the fixation eye. In this state, when the subject observes the light source LI2 through the second examination window 38, they perceive two linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 corresponding to the respective angles of the Maddox rod 30 and the third Bagoline lens 37. If the subject has a normal eye, the linear light beam Lc1 perceived through the Maddox rod 30 and the linear light beam Lc2 perceived through the third Bagoline lens 37 are observed to be parallel to each other, although this is not shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the Maddox rod 30 is molded by incorporating upper and lower prisms so that the vertical deviation of the two linear lights Lc1 and Lc2 becomes significant.

[0026] As shown in Figure 5, if the linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 are not parallel, it can be determined that the subject's eye has rotational deviation. In this case, the examiner rotates the green Maddox rod 30 on the non-fixing eye side until the linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 become parallel. As the examiner operates the operation unit 31 to rotate the Maddox rod 30, the linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 observed by the subject become parallel (not shown), and the examiner can quantify the angle on the angle scale 35 at that time as rotational deviation. Because the two linear light beams are observed as different colors, red and green, the subject can easily distinguish between the linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 during rotational deviation measurement.

[0027] As a modified example, if the two linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 overlap without any vertical deviation, a Fresnel film prism (not shown) may be attached to the Maddox rod 30 on the non-fixing eye side so that the vertical deviation becomes more pronounced. Furthermore, if the distance between the linear light beams Lc1 and Lc2 becomes too large due to vertical strabismus, another Fresnel film prism may be attached to move the linear light beam Lc1 in a direction that reduces the vertical deviation to facilitate examination. In this case, the main body 2 may be provided with an attachment means for attaching the Fresnel film prism. As an example of the attachment means, a groove (not shown) into which the Fresnel film prism fits may be formed in the main body 2, or the Fresnel film prism may be attached to and detached from the main body 2 using a magnet (not shown).

[0028] Figure 5 shows the Maddox rod 30 placed on the right eye of the examinee. When the Maddox rod 30 is placed on the left eye of the examinee for an examination, the main body 2 is rotated left and right, although this is not shown in the figure. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, "LF" and "RF" are printed upside down on the left and right guide sections 36, making it easy for the examiner to distinguish the top and bottom of the main body 2 and the rotation direction of the operating section 31. Furthermore, "In" and "Ex" are printed above and below "LF," respectively, making it easy for the examiner to distinguish between inward and outward rotation.

[0029] When the Maddox rod 30 is rotated toward the "In" side and the two linear lights Lc1 and Lc2 observed by the subject become parallel, this indicates that the subject's non-fixated eye is inwardly rotated, and the rotational deviation can be quantified based on the value on the angle scale 35 corresponding to the rotational position of the Maddox rod 30 at that time. The same applies to the "In" and "Ex" printed on the "RF" side. "LF" printed on the left-right guide portion 36 corresponds to the left eye being the fixating eye, "RF" corresponds to the right eye being the fixating eye, "In" corresponds to the inwardly rotated side, and "Ex" corresponds to the exwardly rotated side.

[0030] [Other Applications] Figure 6 shows an embodiment for measuring interpupillary distance (ophthalmic function test). As shown in Figure 6, the interpupillary distance W of a subject can be measured using the nose pad 7 and the second scale 6. The ophthalmic tester 1 is placed horizontally, and the mark 7A on the nose pad 7 is placed against the center of the subject's nose to perform the measurement.

[0031] FIG. 7 shows how a visual acuity test or a cover test (ophthalmic function test) is performed. The occluder lens 11 is made of, for example, semi-transparent glass so as to cover one eye Ey of the subject. The occluder lens 11 may also be an opaque resin cover. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 7, the ophthalmic tester 1 can be used as an occluder. In this case, the occluder lens 11 of the ophthalmic tester 1 is placed against the subject's eye during the test.

[0032] As described above, in this embodiment, first inspection window 22 enables a Bagorini linear lens test, which is an example of an ophthalmic function test, second inspection window 38 enables cycloduction measurement, which is an example of an ophthalmic function test, nose pad 7 and second scale 6 enable pupillary distance measurement, occluder lens 11 enables visual acuity testing, and first scale 5 enables length measurement. With this configuration, multiple ophthalmic function tests can be performed.

[0033] As described above, the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment includes a handheld main body 2, which includes a first examination window 22 and a second examination window 38 (multiple examination windows) that enable ophthalmic functional examinations, the first examination window 22 includes a first Bagoline lens 20 and a second Bagoline lens 21 (a pair of windows), the second examination window 38 includes a Maddox rod 30 and a third Bagoline lens 37 (a pair of windows), and the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21, and the Maddox rod 30 and the third Bagoline lens 37 are each positioned with an interpupillary distance between them. This configuration allows multiple ophthalmic functional examinations to be performed.

[0034] The ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment also includes a first examination window 22 for examining retinal correspondence (first function) and a second examination window 38 for examining rotational deviation (second function). The third Bagoline lens 37 (one of the windows) of the second examination window 38 is disposed between the pair of first and second Bagoline lenses 20 and 21 of the first examination window 22, and the Maddox rod 30 (the other of the windows) of the second examination window 38 is disposed outside the pair of first and second Bagoline lenses 20 and 21 of the first examination window 22. This configuration allows the pair of windows to be compactly arranged, thereby reducing the longitudinal size of the main body 2 of the ophthalmic examination instrument 1. After examining retinal correspondence, rotational deviation can be examined simply by sliding the main body 2 laterally.

[0035] In this embodiment, the eye examination device has a first inspection window 22 for inspecting the first function and a second inspection window 38 for inspecting the second function. However, the additional functions of each inspection window 22, 38 are not limited to the first and second functions. For example, referring to FIG. 1 , a reticle lens (a +2D convex lens) may be fitted into the circular third opening 10 instead of the Maddox rod 30, and a red-tinted lens may be fitted instead of the first Bagoline lens 20. In this case, the +2D convex lens alone can be used for optometry, and the red-tinted lens alone can be used as a red filter. Furthermore, a magnifying glass (convex lens) may be fitted instead of the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21.

[0036] In this embodiment, three lenses, the first Bagoline lens 20, the second Bagoline lens 21, and the third Bagoline lens 37, are arranged in the rectangular second opening 9A of the main body 2, but this is not limiting. For example, it is possible to increase the width of the rectangular second opening 9A and arrange multiple lenses side by side. When increasing the number of lenses, it is possible to add an inspection function different from the function of the first inspection window 22 and the inspection function of the second inspection window 38 to the additional lenses.

[0037] Furthermore, in the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment, the first Bagoline lens 20 and the second Bagoline lens 21 of the first examination window 22 and the Maddox rod 30 and the third Bagoline lens 37 of the second examination window 38 are arranged in a row. This configuration allows a pair of windows arranged with an interpupillary distance between them to be compactly arranged, thereby reducing the size of the ophthalmic examination instrument 1. In this embodiment, the first Bagoline lens 20, the second Bagoline lens 21, the Maddox rod 30, and the third Bagoline lens 37 are arranged in a row, but this is not limited to this. A row of windows can be arranged in two or more rows, i.e., in multiple rows. When the number of window rows is increased, the additional examination window (another window) can be given a function different from that of the first examination window 22 or the second examination window 38.

[0038] Furthermore, in the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment, the first Bagoline lens 20 and second Bagoline lens 21 in the first examination window 22 and the third Bagoline lens 37 in the second examination window 38 are arranged continuously without any gaps between them. In this embodiment, although it is possible to provide gaps between the lenses 20, 21, and 37, by arranging them continuously without any gaps between them, the pair of windows can be arranged compactly, and the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 can be made smaller.

[0039] The ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment also includes a nose pad 7 on the side of the main body 2, and a pair of second scale graduations 6 (gradations) for measuring interpupillary distance, which are arranged on the left and right sides based on a mark 7A on the nose pad 7. With this configuration, the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 can be used for interpupillary distance measurement in addition to retinal correspondence testing and cycloduction measurement.

[0040] The ophthalmic examination instrument 1 of this embodiment is also provided with an occluder lens 11 on the edge of the main body 2. With this configuration, the ophthalmic examination instrument 1 can be used for visual acuity tests, cover tests, etc. in addition to retinal correspondence tests, cycloduction measurements, and interpupillary distance measurements.

[0041] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Ophthalmic examination instrument 2 Main body 5 First scale markings 6 Second scale markings (markings) 7 Nose pad 7A Mark (center) 11 Eye shielding lens 12 First optic 13 Second optic 20 First Bagoline lens (window) 21 Second Bagoline lens (window) 22 First examination window 30 Maddox rod (window) 37 Third Bagoline lens (window) 38 Second examination window G Line of sight W Interpupillary distance Ey Eye

Claims

1. An ophthalmic examination device comprising a handheld main body, the main body having a plurality of examination windows enabling ophthalmic function examination, the plurality of examination windows each having a pair of window portions arranged with an interpupillary distance therebetween.

2. An ophthalmic examination instrument as described in claim 1, wherein the examination window comprises a first examination window for examining a first function and a second examination window for examining a second function different from the first function, one window portion of the second examination window is disposed between a pair of window portions of the first examination window, and the other window portion of the second examination window is disposed outside the pair of window portions of the first examination window.

3. The ophthalmic examination instrument according to claim 2, wherein the window portion of the first examination window and the window portion of the second examination window are arranged in a line.

4. An ophthalmic examination instrument as claimed in claim 3, wherein the window portion of at least one of the first examination windows and the window portion of at least one of the second examination windows are arranged consecutively with no gap between them.

5. An ophthalmic examination instrument as described in claim 2, wherein other window portions enabling ophthalmic function tests different from the first examination window and the second examination window are arranged in a plurality of rows.

6. An ophthalmic examination instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a nose pad on the side of the main body, and a scale for measuring interpupillary distance, which is divided to the left and right based on the centre of the nose pad.

7. An ophthalmic examination instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising an eye shield on an end edge of the main body.

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