Power adjustment network, feed network, base station antenna, and base station system

Abstract

A power adjustment network, comprising: a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, a second output end, a first phase shift unit, and a first switching unit. A first branch refers to the first input end and the first output end communicated with each other; a second branch refers to the first input end, the first phase shift unit, the first switching unit, and the second output end communicated each other; a third branch refers to the second input end, the first switching unit, and the second output end communicated with each other. When the first switching unit controls the second branch to be in a communicated state, a first power amplifier works; when the first switching unit controls the third branch to be in a communicated state, the first power amplifier and a second power amplifier work. Therefore, when there are a small number of users, the first switching unit can control the second branch to be in the communicated state, so that the first power amplifier works and a base station is at relatively low working power, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption of the base station, and simultaneously not changing a beam range formed and ensuring the communication quality of the users.

Description

Power adjustment network, feeding network, base station antenna and base station system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202311532973.5 filed on November 15, 2023, and application name “A power adjustment network, feeding network, base station antenna and base station system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a power adjustment network, a feeding network, a base station antenna, and a base station system. Background Art

[0003] In wireless communication systems, radio frequency (RF) power consumption is the primary source of base station energy consumption, impacting base station energy consumption, maximum capacity, and maximum transmit power. To ensure user communication quality, base stations must maintain maximum transmit power. Obviously, operating at maximum transmit power when the number of users is low wastes significant energy. Therefore, a technical solution to reduce base station energy consumption is needed.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a power adjustment network, a feeding network, a base station antenna and a base station system, which can adjust the working power of the base station according to the number of users. When the number of users is small, the base station can be at a lower working power, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the base station.

[0006] To this end, the following technical solutions are adopted in the embodiments of the present application:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power adjustment network, comprising: a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a second output end. The first input end is used to electrically connect to a first power amplifier; the second input end is used to electrically connect to a second power amplifier; the first output end is used to electrically connect to a first antenna array; and the second output end is used to electrically connect to a second antenna array. The power adjustment network also includes a first phase shifter and a first switching unit. The input end of the first phase shifter is electrically connected to the first input end, and is used to control the phase of the radio frequency signal output when the first input end and the second output end are connected. The first switching unit has one input end connected to the output end of the first phase shifter, another input end electrically connected to the second input end, and an output end electrically connected to the second output end. Therefore, the power adjustment network forms three branches, the first branch being the connected first input end and the first output end; the second branch being the connected first input end, the first phase shifter, the first switching unit, and the second output end; and the third branch being the connected second input end, the first switching unit, and the second output end. When the first switching unit controls the second branch to be connected, the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the first power to the first antenna array and the second antenna array; when the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected, the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the first power to the first antenna array, and the second power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the second power to the second antenna array.

[0008] That is, an embodiment of the present application provides a power adjustment network, wherein a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier are connected to the input side, and a first antenna array and a second antenna array are connected to the output side. The first power amplifier and the first antenna array are connected via a first branch; the first power amplifier and the second antenna array are connected via a second branch; and the second power amplifier and the second antenna array are connected via a third branch. When the number of users is small, the first switching unit can control the second branch to be connected, so that the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the first power to the first antenna array and the second antenna array. Therefore, the first power amplifier in the base station is in operation, and the base station can be at a lower operating power, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the base station. When the number of users is large, the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected. At this time, the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the first power to the first antenna array, and the second power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of the second power to the second antenna array. Therefore, the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier in the base station are both in operation, and the base station can be at a higher operating power, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the users. In this embodiment of the present application, a first phase shifter is provided in the second branch to control the phase of the RF signal output when the second branch is connected. This ensures that the phase of the signal output from the second output terminal by the first switching unit does not change before and after the second branch is connected and the third branch is connected. Consequently, when the base station's operating power is reduced, the phase of the second antenna array does not change before and after the power reduction, and the resulting beam range does not change, thereby ensuring user communication quality. In other words, the beam range does not change before and after the base station's operating power is reduced, while the power is reduced. This achieves energy conservation while ensuring user communication quality. Furthermore, the entire process of reducing the base station's operating power requires no additional work, requiring only switching the state of the first switching unit. The power adjustment network is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to implement, and significantly reduces energy consumption. In this embodiment of the present application, a power adjustment network is incorporated between the power amplifier and the base station antenna feed network, achieving the goal of cost-effectively reducing base station power when there are fewer users. For example, the first power is equal to the second power. The first switching unit can control the base station to operate at half power when the second branch is connected, and can control the base station to operate at full power when the third branch is connected.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the fourth branch is connected to the second input end, the first switching unit, the first phase shifting unit and the first output end, and the first switching unit is also used to control the connection of the fourth branch so that the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier provide a radio frequency signal of a third power to the first antenna array, and the third power is the sum of the first power and the second power.

[0010] In this implementation, an embodiment of the present application provides another operating state of the power adjustment network. In this operating state, the first switching unit connects the fourth branch, that is, connects the second input terminal and the first output terminal, so that the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier simultaneously provide RF signals to the first antenna array. The power of this RF signal is the sum of the first power and the second power, thereby increasing the operating frequency of the first antenna array and expanding the operating frequency range of the first antenna array.

[0011] In another possible implementation, a second switching unit is provided in the second branch, and the second switching unit is used to connect or disconnect the second branch.

[0012] In this implementation, a second switching unit is provided in the second branch, and the second branch can be switched on and off by the second switching unit. Therefore, when the first branch and the third branch are connected, the second switching unit can disconnect the second branch to ensure the working state of the second branch.

[0013] In another possible implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a matching circuit connected to the first input terminal, configured to perform circuit matching on the first branch when the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected.

[0014] In this implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a matching circuit to achieve circuit matching of the first switching unit in different states, thereby ensuring that the output signal of the power adjustment network remains consistent before and after the first switching unit switches the second branch and the third branch.

[0015] In another possible implementation, a third switching unit is further provided between the matching circuit and the first input end, and the third switching unit is used to connect or disconnect the matching circuit and the first input end.

[0016] In this implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a third switching unit connected between the first input terminal and the matching circuit, and configured to switch the matching circuit on and off.

[0017] In another possible implementation, the matching circuit includes a microstrip circuit or a lumped element circuit, and the lumped element circuit includes an inductor or a capacitor.

[0018] In this implementation, the embodiment of the present application provides an implementation of a matching circuit. The matching circuit may be, but is not limited to, a microstrip circuit or a lumped element circuit.

[0019] In another possible implementation, the first phase shifting unit includes a phase shifter, and / or the first switching unit includes a single-pole double-throw switch.

[0020] In this implementation, the embodiment of the present application provides an implementation of a first phase shift unit and a first switching unit. The first phase shift unit may be, but is not limited to, a phase shifter, and the first switching unit may be, but is not limited to, a single-pole double-throw switch.

[0021] In another possible implementation, the phase shifter is an analog phase shifter; or the single-pole double-throw switch is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, a diode, a micro-electromechanical system, or a reed switch.

[0022] In this implementation, the present invention provides an implementation of a phase shifter and a single-pole double-throw switch. The phase shifter may be, but is not limited to, an analog phase shifter. The single-pole double-throw switch may be, but is not limited to, a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor, a diode, a micro-electromechanical system, or a reed switch.

[0023] In another possible implementation, the power adjustment network also includes a third input terminal, a third output terminal, a second phase shifter and a fourth switching unit; the input terminal of the second phase shifter is connected to the first switching unit, and the output terminal is connected to an input terminal of the fourth switching unit, and the second phase shifter is used to control the phase of the RF signal output when the second input terminal and the third output terminal are connected; the other input terminal of the fourth switching unit is connected to the third input terminal, and the output terminal is connected to the third output terminal.

[0024] In this implementation, the power adjustment network is not limited to having two input terminals. In other words, the power adjustment network can be configured with more input terminals, each of which is connected to a power amplifier, so that the base station's operating power can be selected from multiple power levels, thereby enabling the base station to have multiple low-power states.

[0025] In another possible implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a control module configured to control the first switching unit to switch to connect to the second branch or the third branch.

[0026] In this implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a control module that can control the first switching unit to switch between the second branch or the third branch.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the power adjustment network also includes a detection module for detecting the number of users within the beam range of the antenna array, and when the number of users exceeds the user threshold, sending a first signal to the control module, the first signal is used to guide the first switching unit to connect to the third branch, and when the number of users does not exceed the user threshold, sending a second signal to the control module, the second signal is used to guide the first switching unit to connect to the second branch.

[0028] In this implementation, the power adjustment network further includes a detection module configured to detect the number of users within the beam range of the antenna array. Therefore, the power adjustment network can control the first switching unit to switch between the second branch or the third branch based on the number of users.

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a feeding network, comprising: a first power divider, a second power divider and a power adjustment network of any one of the above; the input end of the first power divider is connected to the first output end, and the output end is connected to the first antenna array; the input end of the second power divider is connected to the second output end, and the output end is connected to the second antenna array.

[0030] That is to say, the embodiment of the present application provides a new feeding network, including the power adjustment network of the embodiment of the present application, so that the new feeding network has not only the feeding function but also the function of adjusting the input power of the array antenna.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the feeding network also includes a third phase shifting unit and a fourth phase shifting unit; the output end of the first power divider is connected to the third phase shifting unit, the third phase shifting unit is connected to the first antenna array, and the third phase shifting unit is used to adjust the phase difference between different radiating units of the first antenna array; the output end of the second power divider is connected to the fourth phase shifting unit, the fourth phase shifting unit is connected to the second antenna array, and the fourth phase shifting unit is used to adjust the phase difference between different radiating units of the second antenna array.

[0032] In this implementation, the feed network further includes a third phase shifter and a fourth phase shifter, which are respectively used to control the phases of the radiating elements within the first and second array antennas, thereby forming beams with different directions.

[0033] In another possible implementation, the feeding network also includes a transmission component or a calibration network; the transmission component is used to perform phase adjustment by controlling the pull rod position of the first phase shifter unit, the third phase shifter unit, or the fourth phase shifter unit; the calibration network is used to perform phase adjustment on the first phase shifter unit, the third phase shifter unit, or the fourth phase shifter unit by comparing the calibration signal.

[0034] In this implementation, the feeding network further includes a transmission component or a calibration network for achieving phase calibration of the phase shift unit.

[0035] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another feeding network for controlling the input power of an antenna array of n rows and m columns, where n and m are both integers greater than or equal to 1, and the feeding network includes: at least two of the above-mentioned power adjustment networks, a first power adjustment network for adjusting the input power between antenna arrays in different rows in the n rows, or a second power adjustment network for adjusting the input power between antenna arrays in different columns in the m columns.

[0036] That is to say, in an antenna array distributed in a matrix form, a power adjustment network can adjust the input power of a row or column of the antenna array. Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides another feeding network, including at least two of the above-mentioned power adjustment networks, so as to realize the control of the input power of the antenna array of n rows and m columns.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first power adjustment network is connected in series to the second power adjustment network, so that the two power adjustment networks adjust the input power of the antenna array simultaneously.

[0038] In this implementation, the first power adjustment network is connected in series with the second power adjustment network, allowing the two power adjustment networks to simultaneously adjust the input power of the antenna array. For example, the first power is equal to the second power, and the first power adjustment network can, through the first switching unit, enable the base station to be in a half-power state or a full-power state. The first power adjustment network is connected in series with the second power adjustment network, and the respective first switching units can enable the base station to be in a quarter-power state, a half-power state, or a full-power state.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a base station antenna comprising: an antenna array and the aforementioned feed network. The antenna array includes a first antenna array and a second antenna array, and the feed network is configured to feed signals received or transmitted by the first antenna array and the second antenna array, and to adjust the input power of the first antenna array and the second antenna array.

[0040] In the fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station system, including: a radio frequency unit and the above-mentioned base station antenna; the radio frequency unit includes at least a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier, the first power amplifier is electrically connected to the first input end, and is used to provide a radio frequency signal of a first power, and the second power amplifier is electrically connected to the second input end, and is used to provide a radio frequency signal of a second power; wherein, the first switching unit controls the second branch to be connected, and the second power amplifier is turned off; the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected, and the second power amplifier is working. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions.

[0042] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a base station system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a first working state of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a second working state of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an embodiment of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a first working state of an embodiment of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a second working state of an embodiment of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a first working state of a power adjustment network embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a second working state of a power adjustment network embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a third working state of an embodiment of a power adjustment network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of multiple power adjustment networks provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] The term "and / or" as used herein describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. The symbol " / " as used herein indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means either A or B.

[0059] The terms "first" and "second" in this specification and claims are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first response message" and "second response message" are used to distinguish different response messages rather than to describe a specific order of response messages.

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more, for example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units, etc.; multiple elements means two or more elements, etc.

[0062] In order to facilitate understanding of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, a brief introduction to some of the terms involved in the solution is first given.

[0063] Doherty amplifier: A Doherty power amplifier is a power amplifier design used in wireless communication systems. It improves efficiency by combining two amplifiers of different power levels: a main amplifier and an auxiliary amplifier. This collaborative approach allows the Doherty amplifier to maintain high power efficiency while also keeping distortion low.

[0064] In wireless communication systems, the radio frequency (RF) section consumes the most energy in a base station. This energy consumption is closely related to the base station's maximum capacity and maximum transmit power. To ensure user communication quality, the base station must maintain maximum transmit power. Obviously, operating at maximum transmit power when the number of users is low wastes significant energy.

[0065] There is a feasible technical solution to reduce energy consumption by improving the efficiency of RF power amplifiers. For example, the "golden efficiency improvement solution" can be adopted: Doherty amplifier + peak clipping technology (Crest Factor Reduction, CFR) + Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) technology, which can increase the overall efficiency of the device from about 10% to about 40% or even higher. Alternatively, the more efficient gallium nitride (GaN) power amplifier can be used to replace the laterally double-diffused MOSFET (LDMOS) power amplifier. However, the related technologies for improving power amplifier efficiency are highly complex, costly, and technically difficult.

[0066] Another feasible technical solution is to implement frequency handover for users, which can save base station power consumption when multiple amplifiers are carrying multiple carriers. For example, by counting the current number of users on each carrier in each sector of the base station, the total usage in each sector is obtained, and combined with a preset strategy to determine whether to turn the power amplifier on or off. Before turning off the power amplifier, these users are transferred to other powered-on power amplifiers through frequency handover or other methods. In this technical solution, users need to be transferred to other powered-on power amplifiers through frequency handover or other methods before turning off the power amplifier, which requires switching users who have turned off the power amplifier, which is highly complex.

[0067] In order to solve the energy waste of base stations, the embodiments of the present application provide another solution. In the embodiments of the present application, the base station transmission power can be flexibly controlled according to the number of users. When the number of users is large, the base station operates at full power, and when the number of users is small, some power amplifiers are turned off to achieve the purpose of energy saving. In other words, starting from the feed network of the base station antenna, the embodiments of the present application are equivalent to proposing a new energy-saving feed network to reduce the energy consumption of the base station antenna. Under the premise that the antenna beam coverage range remains unchanged, the transmission power of the base station antenna can be dynamically adjusted according to the number of users, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the base station. It has the obvious advantages of good energy-saving effect, simple structure, low cost, and flexible configuration.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a base station system. As shown in Figure 1, a base station system mainly includes: an antenna feed system and a radio frequency unit. As shown in Figure 1, the antenna feed system mainly includes: a base station antenna 1, a feed line 2, an antenna adjustment bracket 3, a holding pole 4, a joint seal 5, and a grounding device 6. The radio frequency unit (RRU) is used to convert digital signals into radio frequency signals and transmit the radio frequency signals into space through the antenna feed system, realizing wireless communication. The combination of the radio frequency unit and the antenna feed system is also called an active antenna unit (AAU), which can independently complete signal transmission, reception, and processing.

[0069] For example, in actual operation, the RF unit's primary operations include digital signal processing, RF signal generation, and RF signal transmission. Digital signal processing includes steps such as signal demodulation, encoding, and decoding. RF signal generation involves the RF unit converting digital signals into RF signals (i.e., converting digital signals into analog signals, and then modulating and amplifying them to obtain RF signals). RF signal transmission involves the RF unit transmitting RF signals to the antenna feeder system's feeder line 2, which then transmits the RF signals into the air via the base station antenna 1.

[0070] The base station system provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applicable to various communication systems, such as: a fifth generation (5G) communication system or a new radio (NR) system, a 6G communication system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, a general packet radio service (GPRS) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), a world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, etc., and of course, it can also be a communication system in other unlicensed frequency bands, without limitation.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 2, which shows a schematic diagram of the components of a base station antenna. As shown in Figure 2, a base station antenna 1 primarily comprises an antenna array 11, a feed network 12, and a radome 13. Radiating elements 11 and feed network 12 are typically located within radome 13. The RF unit transmits the RF signal to feeder 2. The signal from feeder 2 is processed by feed network 12 and then input into antenna array 11. Antenna array 11 then transmits the RF signal into space, forming a wireless communication signal.

[0072] As shown in Figure 2, the antenna array 11 is at least one independent array consisting of radiating elements 111 and a metal reflector 112. The frequencies of the radiating elements 111 can be the same or different, and the radiating elements 111 are typically placed above the metal reflector 102. A plurality of phase shifters 122 correspond to the radiating elements 111. Each phase shifter 122 is used to adjust the signal phase of a corresponding radiating element 111 to produce a phase difference with the RF signals of other radiating elements 111, thereby forming different radiation beam directions.

[0073] Optionally, the phase shifter 122 of the feeding network 12 can achieve different radiation beam pointing through the transmission component 14, and the transmission component 14 is a system for phase control. The transmission component 14 is a pull rod for controlling the phase shifter 122. When the transmission component 14 is displaced to different positions, the phase shifter 122 outputs different phase states. Each phase state corresponds to a beam pointing. Or the phase shifter 122 of the feeding network 12 can be connected to the calibration network 15 to obtain the calibration signal required by the system and perform phase adjustment. In addition to the phase shifting network, the feeding network 102 may also have modules such as a combiner 123 and a filter 124 for expanding performance. The power divider 123, also known as a power divider, is a device that divides the energy of one input signal into two or more outputs of equal or unequal energy. It can also conversely combine the energy of multiple signals into one output. In this case, the power divider 123 can also be called a combiner.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, the power amplifier of the radio frequency unit transmits the radio frequency signal to the feeder 2. The feeder 2 transmits the signal to the feed network 12. After the radio frequency signal enters the feed network 12, it first passes through the power adjustment network for power distribution. The power-distributed signal is then sent to the phase shifter 122 corresponding to each radiating element 111 in the antenna array 11. Each radiating element 111 transmits the phase-shifted signal into space, forming a wireless communication signal.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the radio frequency power amplifier (RFPA) is the main part of the transmission system, and its importance is self-evident. In the front-stage circuit of the transmitter, the radio frequency signal power generated by the modulated oscillation circuit is very small, and it needs to undergo a series of amplifications (buffer stage, intermediate amplifier stage, final power amplifier stage) to obtain sufficient radio frequency power before it can be fed to the antenna for radiation. In order to obtain a sufficiently large radio frequency output power, a radio frequency power amplifier must be used. After the modulator generates the radio frequency signal, the RFPA amplifies the radio frequency signal to sufficient power, passes through the feed network 12, and is then transmitted by the antenna array 11.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a power adjustment network. As shown in Figure 3, a power adjustment network includes a first input end, a first output end, a second input end, a second output end, a first phase shift unit, and a first switching unit. The first input end of the power adjustment network is respectively connected to the first output end of the power adjustment network and the input end of the first phase shift unit, and the first input end is used to connect to the first power output unit; one input end of the first switching unit is connected to the output end of the first phase shift unit, and the other input end of the first switching unit serves as the second input end of the power adjustment network, and the output end of the first switching unit serves as the second output end of the power adjustment network, and the second input end is used to connect to the second power output unit. The first output end and the second output end are respectively used to provide input signals to the antenna array.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a schematic diagram of a first operating state of a power adjustment network. As shown in Figure 4, when the power adjustment network is in the first operating state, the first switching unit connects the first phase shifting unit and the second output end of the power adjustment network. In the first operating state, the RF signal of the first power output unit is transmitted to the first input end of the power adjustment network and output through the first output end, and after being phase-shifted by the first phase shifting unit, it passes through the first switching unit and is output from the second output end. In other words, the RF signal of the first power output unit is input to the first input end of the power adjustment network and output through the first output end and the second output end.

[0078] Optionally, after the RF signal is output from the first output end and the second output end, it passes through a power divider or a filter respectively, is input into the phase shifter 122 corresponding to each radiation unit 111, and is output to space through each radiation unit 111.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 5, which shows a schematic diagram of the second working state of a power adjustment network. As shown in Figure 5, when the power adjustment network is in the second working state, the first switching unit connects the second input end of the power adjustment network and the second output end of the power adjustment network. In the second working state, the RF signal of the first power output unit is transmitted to the first input end of the power adjustment network and output through the first output end, and the RF signal of the second power output unit is transmitted to the second input end of the power adjustment network and output through the second output end. That is, the RF signals output by the first power output unit and the first power output unit are respectively input to the first input end and the second input end of the power adjustment network, and are respectively output through the first output end and the second output end.

[0080] Optionally, after the RF signal is output from the first output end and the second output end, it passes through a power divider or a filter respectively, is input into the phase shifter 122 corresponding to each radiation unit 111, and is output to space through each radiation unit 111.

[0081] In conjunction with Figures 4 and 5 , the first and second operating states of the power adjustment network are further analyzed. Assume that the output power of the first power output unit is P1 and the output power of the second power output unit is P2. When the power adjustment network is in the first operating state, antenna array 11 transmits RF signals at power P1. When the power adjustment network is in the second operating state, antenna array 11 transmits RF signals at power (P1 + P2).

[0082] In an embodiment of the present application, multiple thresholds can be set for the number of users, the relationship between the number of users and the threshold can be judged, and the switching state of the first switching unit can be determined. For example, when the number of users is less than the first threshold, the first switching unit is controlled to perform connection switching, so that the first switching unit is connected to the first phase shift unit and the second output end, so that the power adjustment network is in the first working state, and the antenna array 11 transmits the radio frequency signal with power P1, thereby reducing the transmission power of the antenna array 11. When the number of users is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first switching unit is controlled to perform connection switching, so that the first switching unit is connected to the second input end and the second output end, so that the power adjustment network is in the second working state, and the antenna array 11 transmits the radio frequency signal with power (P1+P2), thereby increasing the transmission power of the antenna array 11. The first switching unit can perform connection switching based on the number of users. Regarding the specific implementation method of the first switching unit, the embodiment of the present application will not be repeated.

[0083] Optionally, the output power of the first power output unit is equal to the output power of the second power output unit, that is, P1 = P2. The first working state of the power adjustment network is also called the half-power state; the second working state of the power adjustment network is also called the full-power state.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 6, which shows a schematic diagram of the composition of another power adjustment network. As shown in Figure 6, optionally, the power adjustment network also includes a second switching unit. One end of the second switching unit is connected to the first input end, and the other end is connected to the first phase shift unit. The second switching unit is used to control the on and off between the first input end and the second output end. When the second switching unit is connected, the first switching unit can connect the first input end and the second output end, so that the power adjustment network is in the first working state; or the first switching unit can connect the second input end and the second output end, so that the power adjustment network is in the second working state. When the second switching unit is disconnected, the first switching unit can connect the second input end and the second output end, so that the power adjustment network is in the second working state. When the second switching unit is connected, the power adjustment network can switch between the first working state and the second working state through the first switching unit; when the second switching unit is disconnected, the power adjustment network can achieve the second working state through the first switching unit and cannot be switched to the first working state.

[0085] As shown in Figure 6, the power adjustment network optionally further includes a matching circuit to achieve circuit matching for the first switching unit in different states. The matching circuit can be an L-type matching network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor connected in series or in parallel; a π-type matching network consisting of an inductor and two capacitors; a T-type matching network consisting of a capacitor and two inductors; or a stub matching network that introduces a fixed-length open or short-circuited section on the transmission line to achieve matching. Optionally, the matching circuit is connected to the first input terminal.

[0086] Optionally, the power adjustment network further includes a third switching unit. Exemplarily, the third switching unit is connected between the first input terminal and the matching circuit, and is used to switch the matching circuit on and off.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 7, which shows a schematic diagram of the composition of another power adjustment network. Optionally, as shown in Figure 7, the radio frequency unit may further include a third power output unit. Assuming that the output power of the third power output unit is P3, by setting the second phase shift unit and the fourth switching unit in the same manner as the first phase shift unit and the first switching unit, the power adjustment network can be put into more working states, so that the antenna array 11 can transmit radio frequency signals with powers P1, (P1+P2), (P1+P3), and (P1+P2+P3), thereby improving the transmission power selection range of the antenna array 11. By analogy, it can be seen that the power output unit can be set to multiple, so as to achieve a wider range of output power selection for the antenna array.

[0088] In other words, the embodiments of the present application provide a dynamically adjustable power regulation network. This network can distribute one or more input RF power channels to the antenna subarray feed network. When there is only one power input channel, the input power is evenly distributed to the input port of the antenna subarray feed network. When there are multiple input channels, the power of multiple channels can also be evenly distributed to the input port of the antenna subarray feed network.

[0089] Please refer to Figures 8 to 10, which illustrate an embodiment of a power adjustment network. The present embodiment of the present application will provide an exemplary description of the composition and operating state of the power adjustment network based on Figures 8 to 12. In the present embodiment of the present application, the power adjustment network is not limited to any implementation form and can be implemented using microstrip, coaxial line, or modular components.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first switching unit can be implemented by a single-pole double-throw switch. For example, the first input of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the output of the first phase-shifting unit, the first input is connected to the second input, and the output is connected to the second output. When the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first input, the second output is connected to the first phase-shifting unit, and the power adjustment network is in the first operating state. When the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first input, the second output is connected to the second input, and the power adjustment network is in the second operating state. Therefore, the single-pole double-throw switch enables switching of the power adjustment network between the first and second operating states.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first phase shifting unit is implemented as a phase shifter to ensure that the RF signal meets the phase requirement when output from the second output terminal. The third and fourth disconnecting units are single-pole, single-throw switches. The first and second power output units are power amplifiers, respectively. The specific model and type of the power amplifiers are not limited in this embodiment.

[0092] As shown in Figure 8, in this embodiment, the RF unit includes a first power amplifier 101 and a second power amplifier 102. The power adjustment network includes a single-pole double-throw switch 103, a phase shifter 104, a single-pole single-throw switch 105, a single-pole single-throw switch 106, a matching circuit 107, input terminal 1, input terminal 2, output terminal 1, and output terminal 2. Input terminal 1 is connected to output terminal 1, forming a first branch. Input terminal 1 is connected to single-pole single-throw switch 105, which is connected to phase shifter 104. Phase shifter 104 is connected to one input terminal of single-pole double-throw switch 103, and the output terminal of single-pole double-throw switch 103 is connected to output terminal 2, forming a second branch. Input terminal 2 is connected to one input terminal of single-pole double-throw switch 103, and the output terminal of single-pole double-throw switch 103 is connected to output terminal 2, forming a third branch. The first power amplifier 101 is connected to input terminal 1, and the second power amplifier 102 is connected to input terminal 2.

[0093] Optionally, in this embodiment, the power adjustment network includes a single-pole double-throw switch 106 and a matching circuit 107. The single-pole double-throw switch 106 is provided between the matching circuit 107 and the input terminal 1, and the matching circuit 107 is used for circuit matching.

[0094] In this embodiment of the present application, first power amplifier 101 and second power amplifier 102, acting as RF signal amplifiers, are the primary source of power consumption for base station antennas. Single-pole double-throw switch 103 is used to switch between the output of second power amplifier 102 and the output of phase shifter 104. Phase shifter 104 provides the phase difference required for array antenna beam scanning. Single-pole single-throw switches 105 and 106 are used to connect and disconnect RF circuits. Matching circuit 107 ensures circuit matching under different switching states.

[0095] As shown in Figure 9, in this embodiment, when the single-pole double-throw switch 103 is switched to the state shown in Figure 9, the first power amplifier 101 is turned on, the second power amplifier 102 is turned off, and the single-pole single-throw switch 106 is disconnected. In this case, the power adjustment network can be understood as a one-to-two power splitter, with the output power of the first power amplifier 101 being divided into two output paths. This state can be understood as an energy-saving state and is suitable for use with a small number of users.

[0096] As shown in Figure 10, in this embodiment, when single-pole double-throw switch 103 is switched to the state shown in Figure 10, both first power amplifier 101 and second power amplifier 102 are in operation, and single-pole single-throw switch 106 is closed, ensuring circuit matching. The output power of first power amplifier 101 is output from output terminal 1 via the first branch, and the output power of second power amplifier 102 is output from output terminal 2 via the third branch. This state is full power and is suitable for use with a large number of users.

[0097] 11 to 14 , which illustrate an embodiment of a base station antenna. In this embodiment, a power adjustment network is applied to an antenna system, and the working principle of the power adjustment network is exemplarily described.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present application, the directions are defined as follows: forward refers to the normal direction of the antenna aperture, which is the main radiation direction of the antenna; longitudinal refers to the length direction of each column array of the antenna, which is basically perpendicular to the ground; transverse refers to the horizontal direction along the antenna aperture.

[0099] As shown in Figure 11, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-dimensional antenna array. Generally, the antenna array appears in the form of two dimensions, and beamforming in different directions is achieved through the phase difference between the radiating elements in the two dimensions. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 11, it is assumed that the antenna array appears in the form of a matrix, the first dimension is the row, such as the antenna array b1 of the first row, the antenna array b2 of the second row, ..., the antenna array bn of the nth row shown in Figure 11, and the second dimension is the column, such as the antenna array a1 of the first row, the antenna array a2 of the second row, ..., the antenna array an of the nth row shown in Figure 11.

[0100] As shown in Figure 11, assuming that each row of the antenna array is set parallel to the horizontal plane, in the row dimension, phase shifters are used to control the phase difference between the radiating elements in different rows to achieve beamforming in the vertical dimension. In the column dimension, the antenna array in each column is set perpendicular to the horizontal plane. assuming that phase shifters are used to control the phase difference between the radiating elements in different columns, beamforming in the horizontal dimension can be achieved.

[0101] As shown in Figure 12, an antenna matrix of a certain row or column is used as an example for explanation. Output end 1 and output end 2 of the power adjustment network are respectively connected to a power divider, a phase shifter, and an antenna array. The power divider is used to distribute the power and input it into multiple radiating elements of the antenna array. The phase shifter is used to achieve the phase difference of different radiating elements. For example, an antenna matrix of a certain column includes 8 radiating elements, and the 8 radiating elements can be divided into two groups. The radiating elements of the first group are connected to output end 1 and the corresponding power divider and phase shifter; the radiating elements of the second group are connected to output end 2 and the corresponding power divider and phase shifter. It should be noted that the first phase shifter is used to control the phase difference between the two groups of radiating elements so that the phase of the second output end of the power adjustment network does not change before and after switching between the first working state and the second working state; the phase shifter is used to control the phase difference of the radiating elements within each group.

[0102] As shown in FIG12 , the first power amplifier 101 inputs the power of the first power amplifier 101 into two groups of radiation elements of the antenna matrix through the first branch and the second branch.

[0103] As shown in Figure 13, the first power amplifier 101 inputs its power to the first group of radiating elements of the antenna matrix through the first branch. The first power amplifier 102 inputs its power to the second group of radiating elements of the antenna matrix through the third branch.

[0104] As shown in Figure 14, the power adjustment network can also have a third operating state. In the third operating state, when the single-pole double-throw switch 103 is switched to the state shown in Figure 14, the first power amplifier 101 and the second power amplifier 102 are both in operation, and the single-pole single-throw switch 106 is closed to ensure circuit matching. Input terminal 2, single-pole double-throw switch 103, phase shifter 104, and output terminal 1 form a fourth branch. The first power amplifier 101 outputs from output terminal 1 through the first branch, and the second power amplifier 102 outputs from output terminal 1 through the fourth branch. This state represents the full power state of the first antenna array and is suitable for situations where there are a large number of users within the beam range of the first antenna array. As shown in Figure 15, two-dimensional power adjustment can be achieved through multiple power adjustment networks to achieve better energy saving. The power divider and phase shifter between the power adjustment network and the antenna array are referred to as power divider and phase shifter units for simplicity.

[0105] As shown in Figure 15, based on the antenna array shown in Figure 11, for example, for an antenna array with n columns and m rows, each column uses a power adjustment network as shown in Figures 12, 13, and 14. Each column can adjust the phase difference between multiple internal radiating units through a power divider and phase shifter unit, so that there is a phase difference in each row of the antenna array, thereby realizing different beams in the vertical direction.

[0106] For example, as shown in Figure 15, a power adjustment network 21 and a power divider phase shifter 21 are connected to antenna array a1. Power divider phase shifter 21 can adjust the phase difference between multiple radiating elements within antenna array a1, thereby achieving different vertical beams. Power adjustment network 21 can also adjust the input power of antenna array a1. As shown in Figure 15, a power adjustment network 22 and a power divider phase shifter 22 are connected to antenna array a2. Power divider phase shifter 22 can adjust the phase difference between multiple radiating elements within antenna array a2, thereby achieving different vertical beams. Power adjustment network 22 can also adjust the input power of antenna array a2. Similarly, as shown in Figure 15, a power adjustment network 2n and a power divider phase shifter 2n are connected to antenna array an. Power divider phase shifter 2n can adjust the phase difference between multiple radiating elements within antenna array an, thereby achieving different vertical beams. Power adjustment network 2n can also adjust the input power of antenna array an. For example, for an antenna array with n columns and m rows, two power adjustment networks as shown in Figures 12, 13, and 14 are used. After connecting to the power divider and phase shifter, the first power adjustment network outputs n signals of different phases, which are fed into the first input of the power adjustment network within the adjustment column. This creates phase differences between different columns, enabling different horizontal beamforming. After connecting to the power divider and phase shifter, the second power adjustment network outputs n signals of different phases, which are fed into the second input of the power adjustment network within the adjustment column. This creates phase differences between different columns, enabling different horizontal beamforming.

[0107] For example, as shown in FIG15 , power amplifiers 1-1, 1-2, power adjustment network 11, and power divider phase shifter 11 are connected to the first input terminals of the power adjustment networks within n adjustment columns. That is, power divider phase shifter 11 outputs n signals with different phase differences, which are input to the first input terminals of power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., 2n, etc., respectively. This allows the phase differences between different columns of the antenna array to be adjusted, thereby achieving different horizontal beamforming. For example, as shown in FIG15 , power amplifiers 2-1, 2-2, power adjustment network 12, and power divider phase shifter 12 are connected to the second input terminals of the power adjustment networks within n adjustment columns. That is, power divider phase shifter 11 outputs n signals with different phase differences, which are input to the second input terminals of power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., 2n, etc., thereby adjusting the phase differences between different columns of the antenna array, thereby achieving different horizontal beamforming.

[0108] Furthermore, the operating states of the power amplifier 1-1, the power amplifier 1-2, the power amplifier 2-1 and the power amplifier 2-2 are analyzed to illustrate the implementation of different input powers of the antenna array.

[0109] When all four amplifiers are turned on, the base station is at full power.

[0110] When all three power amplifiers are turned on, the base station is in the 3 / 4 power state. For example, power amplifiers 1-2 may be turned off, and power adjustment network 11 may be in the energy-saving state (the first operating state). Alternatively, power amplifiers 2-2 may be turned off, and power adjustment network 12 may be in the energy-saving state. Meanwhile, power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., and 2n are in the non-energy-saving state (the second operating state).

[0111] When both power amplifiers are turned on, the base station is in a half-power state. For example, power amplifiers 1-2 and 2-2 may be turned off, power amplifiers 1-1 and 2-1 may be turned on, power adjustment networks 11 and 12 may be in an energy-saving state, and power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., 2n, etc. may be in a non-energy-saving state. Alternatively, power amplifiers 2-1 and 2-2 may be turned off, power amplifiers 1-1 and 1-2 may be turned on, power adjustment network 11 may be in a non-energy-saving state, and power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., 2n, etc. may be in an energy-saving state.

[0112] When one power amplifier is turned on, the base station is in a 1 / 4 power state. For example, power amplifiers 1-2, 2-1, and 2-2 may be turned off, while power amplifier 1-1 is turned on. Power adjustment network 11 is in an energy-saving state, and power adjustment networks 21, 22, ..., and 2n are also in an energy-saving state.

[0113] In other words, after joining the power adjustment network, the working status of the power amplifier and the power adjustment network can be flexibly configured according to the current number of users, the power consumption of the base station can be adjusted, and the user communication quality can be guaranteed while achieving energy saving.

[0114] For example, each column of antennas can be divided into q sections, resulting in q different regions, where q is an integer greater than or equal to 1. This allows the input power of the antenna arrays in the q different regions to be different, facilitating flexible management of the antenna arrays. In other words, the input power of the corresponding antenna arrays can be adjusted based on the number of users within the q different beam ranges, achieving both energy savings and ensuring user communication quality.

[0115] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the division method. The number of shares into which each column of antennas is divided can be the same or different; the number of radiating elements within each share can be the same or different. For example, when the number of shares into which each column of antennas is divided is the same, and the number of radiating elements within each share is the same, an antenna array with m rows and n columns is equally divided into multiple identical regions.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the feed network of antenna array a1 shown in Figure 15 is connected to the first antenna array of antenna array a1; the feed network of antenna array a2 shown in Figure 15 is connected to the first antenna array of antenna array a2; and similarly, the feed network of antenna array an shown in Figure 15 is connected to the first antenna array of antenna array an. In other words, the network shown in Figure 15 can be used to connect the antenna array of the first of q regions. Similarly, based on the same operating principle as shown in Figure 15, the same or similar network as shown in Figure 15 can be used to connect the antenna arrays of the other q regions.

[0117] In this embodiment of the present application, a power adjustment network is added between the power amplifier and the base station antenna feed network to achieve the goal of cost-effectively reducing base station power when there are fewer users. In other words, by controlling the connection state of the single-pole double-throw switch 103 in the power adjustment network, the output power of one or two power amplifiers can be allocated to the antenna array, achieving switching between energy-saving and non-energy-saving states. It is worth noting that in both energy-saving and non-energy-saving states, the antenna array always operates at full capacity, with all radiating elements in operation, thus maintaining consistent antenna beam coverage.

[0118] In other words, the power adjustment network can be placed in a network where the base station antennas perform horizontal or vertical beam scanning. When all power amplifiers are turned on, the base station operates at full power. When three of the four power amplifiers are turned on, the base station operates at 3 / 4 power; when two of the four power amplifiers are turned on, the base station operates at half power; and when one of the four power amplifiers is turned on, the base station operates at 1 / 4 power. Therefore, by adding a power adjustment network, the operating states of the power amplifiers and the power adjustment network can be flexibly configured based on the current number of users, adjusting the base station's power consumption and ensuring user communication quality while achieving energy savings.

[0119] In this embodiment, when the base station antenna covers a large number of users, the base station power amplifiers are configured to operate at full power to ensure communication capacity. When the number of users is small, the base station power amplifiers are partially disabled, and the power is evenly distributed to the antenna array through the power adjustment network. This maintains coverage but reduces transmit power, effectively saving energy.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, the switching unit or switch involved may be a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), a diode, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), or a reed switch. The matching circuit involved may be a microstrip circuit or an integrated lumped element circuit such as an inductor and capacitor. The phase shifter involved may be an analog phase shifter.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present application, the working state of the power amplifier and the power adjustment network can be flexibly configured according to the number of users. In other words, the transmission power of the base station antenna can be flexibly configured according to the number of users, and some power amplifiers can be turned off when the number of users is small to save energy. After the power adjustment network is set up in the horizontal plane power adjustment network and the vertical plane power adjustment network respectively, full power, half power, and quarter power output can be achieved, and the output power configuration is flexible. In the energy-saving and non-energy-saving states before and after the power adjustment network is adjusted, the coverage range of the base station antenna remains unchanged, and the user's communication quality is guaranteed under the premise of achieving energy saving. The power adjustment network has a simple structure, low cost, easy implementation, and obvious energy-saving effect.

[0122] An embodiment of the present application provides a feed network, including the aforementioned power adjustment network, which can dynamically adjust the base station antenna transmit power based on the number of users without changing the original beam scanning range of the base station antenna, thereby achieving energy conservation. Specifically, the feed network of the embodiment of the present application uses basic components such as single-pole single-throw switches, single-pole double-throw switches, power dividers, and phase shifters to form a dynamically adjustable power distribution network. This dynamically adjusts the operating state of the power amplifier based on the number of users and distributes the output power of one or more power amplifiers to the antenna array. This allows the output power to dynamically change with the number of users, i.e., the transmit power is low when there are few users and high when there are many users, thereby saving base station energy consumption.

[0123] Those skilled in the art should further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0124] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), a memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically programmable ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0125] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation methods of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power regulation network, characterized in that: include: A first input terminal, used for being electrically connected to a first power amplifier; A second input terminal, used for being electrically connected to a second power amplifier; A first output terminal, used for being electrically connected to a first antenna array; A second output terminal, used for electrically connecting to a second antenna array; a first phase shifting unit, whose input end is electrically connected to the first input end, and is used to control the phase of the RF signal output when the first input end is connected to the second output end; a first switching unit, having one input end connected to the output end of the first phase shift unit, another input end electrically connected to the second input end, and an output end electrically connected to the second output end; Wherein, the first branch is the first input end and the first output end connected; The second branch is the first input end, the first phase shift unit, the first switching unit and the second output end connected; the third branch is the second input end, the first switching unit and the second output end connected; The first switching unit is used to control the second branch to be connected so that the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of a first power to the first antenna array and the second antenna array; or to control the third branch to be connected so that the first power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of a first power to the first antenna array, and the second power amplifier provides a radio frequency signal of a second power to the second antenna array.

2. The power regulation network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth branch is connected to the second input end, the first switching unit, the first phase shifting unit and the first output end, and the first switching unit is also used to control the connection of the fourth branch so that the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier provide the first antenna array with a radio frequency signal of a third power, and the third power is the sum of the first power and the second power.

3. The power regulation network according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second branch is provided with a second switching unit, and the second switching unit is used to connect or disconnect the second branch.

4. The power regulation network according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A matching circuit is connected to the first input end, and is used to perform circuit matching on the first branch when the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected.

5. The power regulation network according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third switching unit is further provided between the matching circuit and the first input end, and the third switching unit is used to connect or disconnect the matching circuit and the first input end.

6. The power regulation network according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The matching circuit includes a microstrip circuit or a lumped element circuit, and the lumped element circuit includes an inductor or a capacitor.

7. The power regulation network according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first phase shifting unit includes a phase shifter, and / or the first switching unit includes a single-pole double-throw switch.

8. The power regulation network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase shifter is an analog phase shifter; or the single-pole double-throw switch is a metal oxide semi-conductor field effect transistor or a diode or a micro-electromechanical system or a reed switch.

9. The power regulation network according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a third input terminal, a third output terminal, a second phase shifting unit and a fourth switching unit; The input end of the second phase shift unit is connected to the first switching unit, and the output end is connected to an input end of the fourth switching unit, and the second phase shift unit is used to control the phase of the RF signal output when the second input end and the third output end are connected; Another input terminal of the fourth switching unit is connected to the third input terminal, and an output terminal of the fourth switching unit is connected to the third output terminal.

10. The power regulation network according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a control module for controlling the first switching unit to switch to connect the second branch or the third branch.

11. The power regulation network according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a detection module, which is used to detect the number of users within the beam range of the antenna array, and when the number of users exceeds the user threshold, send a first signal to the control module, the first signal is used to instruct the first switching unit to connect to the third branch, and when the number of users does not exceed the user threshold, send a second signal to the control module, the second signal is used to instruct the first switching unit to connect to the second branch.

12. A feeding network, characterized in that: include: A first power divider, a second power divider, and a power adjustment network as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11; The input end of the first power divider is connected to the first output end, and the output end is connected to the first antenna array; the input end of the second power divider is connected to the second output end, and the output end is connected to the second antenna array.

13. The feeding network according to claim 12, characterized in that It also includes a third phase shifting unit and a fourth phase shifting unit; the output end of the first power divider is connected to the third phase shifting unit, the third phase shifting unit is connected to the first antenna array, and the third phase shifting unit is used to adjust the phase difference between different radiating units of the first antenna array; the output end of the second power divider is connected to the fourth phase shifting unit, the fourth phase shifting unit is connected to the second antenna array, and the fourth phase shifting unit is used to adjust the phase difference between different radiating units of the second antenna array.

14. The feeding network according to claim 13, characterized in that It also includes a transmission component or a calibration network; the transmission component is used to perform phase adjustment by controlling the pull rod position of the first phase shift unit, the third phase shift unit or the fourth phase shift unit; the calibration network is used to perform phase adjustment on the first phase shift unit, the third phase shift unit or the fourth phase shift unit by comparing the calibration signal.

15. A feeding network, characterized in that: Used to control the input power of an antenna array with n rows and m columns, where n and m are both integers greater than or equal to 1, and the feeding network comprises: at least two power adjustment networks as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, the first power adjustment network being used to adjust the input power between the antenna arrays in different rows in the n rows, or the second power adjustment network being used to adjust the input power between the antenna arrays in different columns in the m columns.

16. The feeding network according to claim 15, characterized in that The first power adjustment network is connected in series to the second power adjustment network, so that the two power adjustment networks adjust the input power of the antenna array simultaneously.

17. A base station antenna, characterized in that: include: An antenna array, a feeding network as described in any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the antenna array comprises a first antenna array and a second antenna array, and the feeding network is used to perform feeding processing on signals received or sent by the first antenna array and the second antenna array, and to adjust the input power of the first antenna array and the second antenna array.

18. A base station system, characterized in that: include: A radio frequency unit, a base station antenna as described in claim 17; the radio frequency unit comprises at least a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier, the first power amplifier is electrically connected to the first input end, and is used to provide a radio frequency signal of a first power, and the second power amplifier is electrically connected to the second input end, and is used to provide a radio frequency signal of a second power; wherein the first switching unit controls the second branch to be connected, and the second power amplifier is turned off; the first switching unit controls the third branch to be connected, and the second power amplifier is working.

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