Method for configuring a communication system making it possible to characterise the quality of service of the communication system and to control the data transmission rate; corresponding device and computer program

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network, the method comprising: - determining a probability that a user device, located within a geographical area served by the access point, receives data from the access point at a given data rate, the probability being a function of at least: • a value of a transmission power of the radio signal; and • a value representative of a density of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, capable of broadcasting a radio signal transmitted by the access point to the user device, located within the geographical area; and - modifying at least one of these values according to the determined probability.

Description

Description Method for configuring a communication system for characterizing the quality of service of the communication system and controlling the rate at which data is transmitted; corresponding device and computer program Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the general field of wireless communication systems.

[0002] It relates more particularly to a method for configuring a communication system making it possible to characterize the quality of service of the communication system and to control the rate with which data transmitted by an access point belonging to the communication system are received by user equipment served by the access point.

[0003] It also relates to an electronic device configured to implement such a method. Prior art

[0004] As is known per se, a reconfigurable intelligent surface, hereinafter "RIS" (acronym for the English expression "Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface") for the sake of brevity, can be defined as a relay configured to receive an incident signal from a transmitter and reflect it in a specific direction. It is generally considered to be a "full duplex" type relay, i.e. one that allows simultaneous communication in the uplink and downlink.

[0005] For this purpose, a RIS comprises a large number of low-cost passive reflective elements, hereinafter referred to as "reflection elements", whose respective reflection properties can be modified to improve the performance of a telecommunications network. In particular, the signals reflected by the RIS can be constructively combined to improve the signal power level received by a receiver. By deploying RISs in a network and intelligently configuring their reflections, the wireless propagation channels between the transmitter and the receiver can then be dynamically configured to achieve the desired distributions and gains. This configuration of the propagation channels improves the spectral efficiency and coverage of the network, but also addresses the problem of interference and signal attenuation in a wireless network.

[0006] Le document suivant décrit plus en détail le fonctionnement d'une RIS : "Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How it Works, State of Research, and Road Ahead' , M. D. Renzo, A. Zappone, M. Debbah, M. Alouini, C. Yuen, J. D. Rosny, and S. Tretyakov, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, pages 2450-2524, 2020.

[0007] In practice, such an RIS is intended to reflect incident radio signals passively, i.e. without amplification of said incident radio signals by amplifiers (neither by low noise amplifiers nor by power amplifiers). By modifying the reflection properties of each reflection element of the RIS, typically by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by each of these reflection elements, it is possible to influence the way in which the incident radio signals are reflected by the RIS and, ultimately, to influence the propagation channel taken by these radio signals.

[0008] For this reason, a RIS is an effective means of enabling data exchanges between a network access point such as a base station, and geographical areas that would otherwise remain poorly (or not at all) served. This aspect is for example illustrated by Figure 1 which schematically represents an example of a wireless communication system using a RIS 12.

[0009] As illustrated in Figure 1, the wireless communication system comprises a base station 11 installed on top of a building, which must exchange data (on a downlink and / or an uplink) with user terminals 13 located in a geographical area ZG to be served. In this example, the direct paths between the base station 11 and the geographical area ZG to be served are obstructed by buildings, so that the radio signals using these direct paths are strongly attenuated or even blocked.

[0010] By placing the RIS 12 on an adjacent building, it is possible to introduce an additional reflection of the incident radio signals by the RIS placed on this adjacent building, and thus to create an indirect path between the geographical area ZG and the base station 11, via the RIS 12. For this purpose, a management device (not shown in Figure 1, and for example integrated into the base station 11), determines appropriate phase shifts of the reflection elements of the RIS 12 to enable the latter to serve the geographical area ZG. Once determined, these phase shifts are transmitted to the RIS 12 via a backhaul network. A control module of the RIS 12 then makes it possible to control the reflection elements so that they introduce phase shifts corresponding to those determined by the management device.

[0011] The advantages of using a RIS are not limited to the ability to serve areas that would otherwise remain poorly (or not at all) served. Indeed, the energy consumption of a RIS is negligible compared to that of a base station. In addition, a RIS is simpler to install from a technical and regulatory point of view. All these aspects justify the great interest in this technology as well as the desire of operators to accelerate its development, particularly in the context of the deployment of 5G-Advanced or 6G wireless communication systems, particularly suited to the context of spatial multiplexing of different user terminals (multi-user multiple input multiple output, MU-MIMO in English terminology).

[0012] Thus, there is a need for a solution to take into account the impact of RIS deployment on base station throughput performance. Statement of the invention

[0013] The invention responds in particular to this need by proposing a method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network.

[0014] Such a configuration method comprises: determining a probability that a user equipment, located within a geographic area served by the access point, receives data from the access point with a given rate, said probability being a function of at least: • a value of a transmission power of said radio signal; and • a value representative of a density of reconfigurable smart surfaces, capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment, located within the geographical area; the modification of at least one of these values ​​according to the determined probability.

[0015] Correlatively, the invention also relates to an electronic management device configured to implement the method of configuring a communications system according to the invention.

[0016] In particular implementations, the electronic management device is embedded in an access point of a telecommunications network.

[0017] The access point of the telecommunications network is for example a base station (also called gNB in ​​the context of a 5G network), a WiFi access point, etc. It can be a hardware entity or a software entity, which can be distributed over one or more network functions or be hosted by one or more hardware devices.

[0018] The invention can be advantageously implemented so as to dynamically adapt, when the communication system is already deployed, and / or to estimate, when the communication system is not yet deployed, the rate with which data transmitted by the access point are received by user equipment served by the access point. The invention can also be implemented to adapt the communication system, in particular the transmission power and / or the RIS, to achieve a given quality of service, and in particular a target rate.

[0019] To this end, the present solution proposes to take into account all the RISs deployed in the communication system and not the impact of a single RIS as is the case in the state of the art. The invention takes into account this plurality of RISs by means of their density of presence within the communication system.

[0020] In the remainder of this document, the density of RIS presence is understood to mean the number of RISs present per unit area of ​​the geographical area served by the access point. In the communication system considered, the number of RISs present within the geographical area served by the access point may be of the order of a hundred or even a thousand.

[0021] The value of the probability calculated during the implementation of this configuration method makes it possible to define the reception rate of data transmitted by the access point. Such a probability of achieving a given rate, or target rate, characterizes in particular a quality of service associated with the user equipment. The value of this probability depends on several factors specific to the access point and the environment within which the radio signals emitted by the access point are transmitted, including the transmission power of the access point and the density of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces or RISs present within the communication system.

[0022] Thus, by cleverly modifying one and / or the other of the values ​​of the transmission power of the access point and the density of RISs within the communication system, it is possible to configure the reception rate of data transmitted by the access point while optimizing the transmission power of the access point.

[0023] In particular implementations, when the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the modification consists of a reduction in the value of the transmission power of the radio signal and / or a reduction in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographic area.

[0024] When the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, this means that the value of the reception rate is greater than a target value, set for example by the operator of the telecommunications network to which the access point belongs. It is then interesting to reduce the transmission power of the access point in order to reduce its energy consumption. It may also be decided to reduce the number of RISs involved in the transmission of radio signals emitted by the access point, for example by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs.

[0025] In particular implementations, when the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, the modification consists of an increase in the transmission power of the radio signal and / or an increase in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographic area.

[0026] When the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, this means that the value of the received throughput provided is less than a target value, set for example by the operator of the telecommunications network to which the access point belongs. It is then interesting to increase the transmission power of the access point and / or to increase the number of RISs involved in the transmission of the radio signals emitted by the access point, for example by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs.

[0027] It should be noted that the second threshold can be equal to the first threshold. In this case, the value of the transmission power and / or the value of the RISs density is modified when the probability is strictly lower than the second threshold.

[0028] In particular implementations, a value of a bandwidth of the transmitted radio signal is also modified depending on the probability.

[0029] In particular implementations, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographic area is homogeneous.

[0030] In other words, this means that the density of RISs is the same at every point on the surface of the geographical area served by the access point.

[0031] This scenario provides a first approximation of the probability that a user device will receive data from the access point at a given speed. This is particularly useful when the telecommunications network operator is considering the deployment of new communication systems.

[0032] In particular implementations, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographic area is heterogeneous.

[0033] In other words, this means that the density of RISs varies depending on the position within the geographical area served by the access point. Thus, some parts of the geographical area may be more densely equipped with RISs than others. This may be the case, for example, when part of the geographical area is a urban area in which there are buildings that can interfere with the transmission of radio signals emitted by the access point.

[0034] In particular implementations, the probability that the user equipment receives said data with a given rate is expressed: where q is the probability of not reaching the given flow rate (and (1-q) the probability of reaching the given flow rate), P is the value of the transmission power of the radio signal, D is the rate at which data transmitted by the access point is received by the user equipment, W is the bandwidth of the radio signal, N tll is the thermal noise measured at the user equipment, and H characterizes the total power loss (power loss due to direct and indirect paths), between the access point and the user equipment, of the transmitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

[0035] Such a probability is a probability of non-coverage, it represents the probability that a quality of service is not achieved in a given geographical area and / or for a given flow rate.

[0036] In the context of the present invention, such a probability is determined based on the density of RISs present. Thus, such a probability of non-coverage reflects the impact of these RISs on the geographical area served.

[0037] According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network serving a geographical area within which are located: - at least one user equipment communicating with the access point; and - a plurality of reconfigurable smart surfaces capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment; said communication system further comprising at least one electronic management device according to the invention.

[0038] The configuration method, the electronic management device, and the communication system according to the invention have the same advantages cited previously as the configuration method according to the invention.

[0039] The invention also relates to a computer program on a recording medium, this program being capable of being implemented in a computer or more generally in an electronic management device according to the invention and comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of a configuration method as described above.

[0040] This program may use any programming language, and may be in the form of source code, object code, or code intermediate between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.

[0041] The invention also relates to an information medium or a recording medium readable by a computer, and comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.

[0042] The information or recording medium may be any entity or device capable of storing programs. For example, the medium may include a storage medium, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a hard disk, or a flash memory.

[0043] On the other hand, the information or recording medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio link, by wireless optical link or by other means.

[0044] The program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from an Internet-type network.

[0045] Alternatively, the information or recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which a program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the configuration and communication methods according to the invention.

[0046] It is also possible to envisage, in other embodiments, that the configuration method, the electronic management device and the communication system according to the invention have in combination all or part of the aforementioned characteristics. Brief description of the drawings

[0047] Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate an exemplary embodiment thereof without any limiting character. In the figures:

[0048] [Fig. 1] Figure 1, already described, schematically represents an example of a wireless communication system according to the state of the art, in which a single RIS is used to serve a given geographical area;

[0049] [Fig. 2] Figure 2 schematically represents a wireless communication system according to a particular embodiment of the invention;

[0050] [Fig. 3] Figure 3 represents modules embedded in a management device, such as the management device belonging to the system of Figure 2, according to an exemplary implementation of the invention;

[0051] [Fig. 4] Figure 4 schematically represents an example of hardware architecture of a management device belonging to the wireless communication system of Figure 3;

[0052] [Fig. 5] Figure 5 represents, in the form of a flowchart, a particular mode of implementation of a positioning method, for example executed by the electronic device of Figure 4,

[0053] [Fig. 6] Figure 6 represents the geographical area served by the base station. Description of the embodiments

[0054] Figure 2 schematically represents a wireless communication system 20 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

[0055] In FIG. 2, the wireless communication system 20 comprises a base station type access point 21, which can exchange data with user terminals located in a geographical area ZG to be served. The wireless communication system further comprises a plurality of RISs, namely four RISs 20_l, 20_2, 20_3 and 20_4 (hereinafter denoted as 20J = 1..4).

[0056] As illustrated by Figure 2, at least some of the radio signals coming from the base station 21 can reach the geographical area ZG by being previously reflected by the RISs 20j = 1. .4 and vice versa, depending on the uplink or downlink direction considered.

[0057] The presence of these different RISs 20_; = 1. .4 makes it possible to increase the number of direct and indirect paths that can be used between said base station 21 and user equipment.

[0058] The plurality of RISs belonging to the system 20 form a set of RISs hereinafter referred to as "set E". Such a set E may comprise one or more hundreds of RISs.

[0059] In a first implementation variant, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area ZG is homogeneous.

[0060] In other words, this means that the density of RISs is the same at every point on the surface of the geographical area ZG served by base station 21.

[0061] In a second implementation variant, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area ZG is heterogeneous.

[0062] This means that the density of RISs varies depending on the position within the surface of the geographical area ZG served by base station 21. Thus, certain portions of the geographical area may be more densely equipped with RISs than others.

[0063] Following similar considerations, the system 20 may also comprise a plurality of base stations, and each base station may serve one or more communication cells. In practice, the principles described below may be extended by those skilled in the art to such configurations. In particular, an example is described herein in which the access point is a base station serving one or more cells. Alternatively, such an access point is a Wi-Fi or other access point, serving a geographic area.

[0064] User equipment may, for example, take the form of a mobile phone, such as a smart phone (also known as a "smartphone"), a digital tablet, a laptop, a personal assistant, a smart watch, an e-reader, etc. Generally speaking, there is no limitation on the form taken by user equipment.

[0065] Furthermore, each RIS cooperates with at least one control module (not shown in the figures) and comprises reflection elements (not shown in the figures) whose reflection properties are modifiable by the control module so as to influence the way in which radio signals incident on said reflection elements are reflected by them.

[0066] As discussed in more detail below, a probability that a user equipment, located within the geographic area ZG served by the base station 21, receives data from the base station with a given rate is determined.

[0067] In this regard, in the context of an embodiment of the present invention, it is considered that the RISs of the set E are mobile - that is to say that their position within the geographical area ZG and / or their orientation may vary. These changes of position and / or orientation are for example carried out manually by an operator, or by using means allowing the RISs to change position and / or orientation. By "change of position" is meant a movement of the RISs in a plane defined by the ground and / or a change in their height. Their respective positions result from such a procedure consisting of searching for suitable locations, while ensuring to optimize a path gain of a path taken by the signals between the base station 21 and the user equipments 23 (or at least to ensure that this gain is greater than a threshold value which may or may not be predetermined).

[0068] As indicated above, the wireless communication system 20 also comprises an electronic management device 22 configured to determine the probability that a user equipment receives data from the base station with a given rate, by implementing a configuration method according to the invention.

[0069] As illustrated in Figure 2, the management device 22 is an electronic device distinct from the RISs of the set E as well as from the base station 21. In particular embodiments, the management device is equipment which takes the form, for example, of a mobile telephone, such as a smart mobile telephone (also called a "smartphone" in English), a digital tablet, a laptop, or a personal assistant. As a variant, this management device 22 is for example integrated into the base station 21.

[0070] Figure 3 represents modules embedded in a management device, such as the management device 22 belonging to the system 20 of Figure 2, according to an exemplary implementation of the invention.

[0071] As illustrated by FIG. 3, the management device 22 comprises in particular a MOD_DET module for determining a probability that a user equipment, located within the geographical zone ZG served by the base station, receives data from the base station with a given rate, and a MOD_PROC module for processing said probability, the functionalities of which are described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5.

[0072] Figure 4 schematically represents an example of hardware architecture of the management device 22 belonging to the system 20 of Figure 2.

[0073] As illustrated in Figure 4, the management device 22 has the hardware architecture of a computer. Thus, the management device 22 comprises, in particular, a processor 1, a random access memory 2, a read-only memory 3 and a non-volatile memory 4. It also has communication means 5.

[0074] The read-only memory 3 of the management device 22 constitutes a recording medium in accordance with the invention, readable by the processor 1 and on which is recorded a computer program PROG in accordance with the invention, comprising instructions for executing steps of the configuration method. The program PROG defines functional modules of the management device 22, which rely on or control the hardware elements 1 to 5 of the management device 22 cited above. These functional modules are illustrated in FIG. 4 in a non-limiting manner, and are described in more detail below with reference to different modes of implementation.

[0075] In particular modes of implementation, the communication means 5 allow in particular the management device 22 to exchange data with any equipment of the wireless communication system 20, including in particular the RISs 20_; of the set E via a telecommunications network. For this purpose, the communication means 5 comprise a communication interface, wired or wireless, capable of implementing any suitable protocol known to those skilled in the art.

[0076] Figure 5 represents, in the form of a flowchart, a particular mode of implementation of the configuration method executed by the management device 22.

[0077] In the present embodiment, the configuration method comprises a first step S100 during which the impact of the deployment of the RISs within the geographical area ZG on the transmission of the radio signals between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23 is determined. This impact of the RISs is characterized by the two parameters ] r and 12. This step is for example implemented by the MOD_DET module of the management device 22.

[0078] When the distribution of RISs within the geographical zone ZG is homogeneous, the parameter ] r is expressed as follows: 1 or, J r being a complex number: where J rl expresses himself: in this expression, R cis the radius of the geographical area ZG, r / is a parameter representing a loss of power of the radio signal transmitted as a function of the distance separating the base station and the user equipment, K r is a factor characterizing the amplitude of the signal reflected by a RIS, and u and e are the coordinates of any point in a cylindrical coordinate system within the geographic area ZG. Figure 6 represents the geographical area ZG served by base station 21. In this figure 6, R c is the maximum radius of the geographical area ZG, r represents the distance separating the base station 21 and a RIS and r' represents the distance separating a RIS from the user equipment 23.

[0079] The parameter Q is then expressed as follows: in this expression, K tis a factor characterizing the power loss between the base station 21, the RISs and a user equipment 23, andp is the value of the density of RISs within the geographical area ZG, d represents the distance between the base station 21 and the user equipment and k represents the wave number of the transmitted radio signal.

[0080] When the distribution of RISs within the geographical zone ZG is heterogeneous, the parameter J r is expressed as follows: or, J r being a complex number: where J rl and S2 are expressed:

[0081] Once the values ​​of the parameters J rand S2 obtained, the configuration method comprises a step S200 during which the probability g that a user equipment receives data from the base station with a given rate is determined. This step is for example implemented by the MOD_DET module of the management device 22.

[0082] Such a probability is expressed as follows: where g is the probability of not reaching the given flow rate (and (1-q) the probability of reaching the given flow rate), P is the value of the transmission power of the radio signal, D is the rate at which data transmitted by the base station are received by the user equipment, W is the bandwidth of the radio signal, N this the thermal noise measured at the user equipment, and n characterizes the total power loss, between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23, of the transmitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of RISs within the geographical area ZG.

[0083] The reception flow rate D depends on the value of the parameters J r and 12. More specifically, the reception flow rate D is expressed as follows:

[0084] The probability q is then compared to a first threshold SI. This probability processing step S300 is for example implemented by the MOD_PROC module of the management device 22.

[0085] When the probability q is greater than or equal to the first threshold SI, this means that the reception rate is greater than a target value, set for example by the operator of the telecommunications network to which the base station 21 belongs.

[0086] In such a case, it is then interesting to reduce the transmission power of the base station 21 in order to reduce the latter's energy consumption.

[0087] It may also be decided to reduce the number of RISs involved in the transmission of the radio signals emitted by the base station 21. Such a reduction in the number of RISs involved in the transmission may result in a reduction in the number of RISss involved in the transmission of the radio signal between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23. Such a reduction in the number of RISs may consist, for example, of a modification of the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs, and / or by a displacement of certain RISs into another portion of the geographical zone ZG or even outside of it.

[0088] A processing step S400 is then implemented. It comprises: a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt the orientations of the reflection elements of the different RIS in accordance with the determined positioning data, and / or a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt the radioelectric properties of the reflection elements to modify the phase angle of the different RIS, and / or a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt an impedance of the reflection elements to modify the phase of the radio signal reflected by the RIS, and / or when the RISs are mobile and / or are positioned on means enabling the RISs to move, a transmission, to the control modules of the different RISs, of an instruction aimed at adapting the positions of the different RISs.

[0089] When the probability q is lower than the threshold SI, this means that the reception rate is lower than a target value, set by the operator of the telecommunications network to which the base station 21 belongs.

[0090] It is then interesting to increase the transmission power of the base station 21 and / or to increase the number of RISs involved in the transmission of the radio signals emitted by the base station.

[0091] It may also be decided to increase the number of RISs involved in the transmission of the radio signals emitted by the base station 21. Such an increase in the number of RISs involved in the transmission may result in an increase in the number of RISs within the geographical area ZG. Such an increase in the number of RISs may result, for example, in a modification of the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs, and / or by a displacement of certain RISs towards a given portion of the geographical area ZG or even the introduction into the geographical area ZG of RISs originating from another adjacent geographical area.

[0092] A processing step S400' is then implemented.It comprises: a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt the orientations of the reflection elements of the different RIS in accordance with the determined positioning data, and / or a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt the radioelectric properties of the reflection elements to modify the phase angle of the different RIS, and / or a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt an impedance of the reflection elements to modify the phase of the radio signal reflected by the RIS, and / or when the RISs are mobile and / or are positioned on means allowing the RIS to move, a transmission, to the control modules of the different RIS, of an instruction to adapt the positions of the different RIS.

[0093] It should be noted that the second threshold S2 can be equal to the first threshold SI. In this case, the value of the transmission power and / or the RISs density value is modified when the probability is strictly lower than the second threshold S2.

[0094] When the transmission power required to achieve the required reception rate is greater than the maximum transmission power of the base station 21, the configuration method determines in a step S500 the maximum reception rate that can be achieved by transmitting a radio signal at the maximum transmission power.

[0095] To do this, we calculate the following probability: Pmax q' = 1 - (1 - q) P where P max is the maximum transmit power of base station 21.

Claims

Claims

1. Method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network, said method comprising: determining a probability that a user equipment, located within a geographical area served by the access point, receives data from the access point with a given rate, said probability being a function of at least: • a value of a transmission power of said radio signal; and • a value representative of a density of reconfigurable smart surfaces, capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment, located within the geographical area; the modification of at least one of these values ​​according to the determined probability.

2. A configuration method according to claim 1 wherein, when the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the modification consists of a reduction in the value of the transmission power of the radio signal and / or a reduction in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

3. A configuration method according to claim 1 wherein, when the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, the modification consists of an increase in the transmission power of the radio signal and / or an increase in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

4. A configuration method according to any preceding claim wherein a value of a width of a bandwidth of the transmitted radio signal is also changed depending on the probability.

5. Configuration method according to any one of the preceding claims in which the distribution of the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces within the geographical area is homogeneous.

6. Configuration method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the distribution of the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces within the geographical area is heterogeneous.

7. Configuration method according to any one of the preceding claims in which the probability that the user equipment receives said data with a given rate is expressed: log( where q is the probability of not reaching the given flow rate, (and (1-q) the probability of reaching the given flow rate) P is the value of the transmission power of the radio signal, D is the rate at which data transmitted by the access point is received by the user equipment, W is the bandwidth of the radio signal, N th is the thermal noise measured at the user equipment, and n characterizes the total power loss, between the access point and the user equipment, of the emitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

8. Electronic management device configured to implement the method of configuring a communications system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. Access point of a telecommunications network comprising at least one electronic device according to claim 6.

10. A communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network serving a geographical area within which are located: at least one user equipment communicating with the access point; and a plurality of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment; said communication system further comprising at least one electronic management device according to claim 6.

11. A computer program comprising instructions for implementing a method of configuring a configuration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, when said program is executed by a computer.

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