Method and device for producing a spectacle lens with a visual field-modulated imaging quality

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a spectacle lens (105) for myopia control for an eye of a wearer of spectacles in a specific use position of the spectacle lens (105) relative to an eye fulcrum (AD) of the eye. The method comprises the steps of: – providing a spectacle lens semifinished product (100) comprising a multiplicity of magnetically alignable particles (20) which, at least as a consequence of alignment in a magnetic field, have anisotropically light-absorbing and / or light-scattering properties such that their absorption and / or scattering upon alignment in the magnetic field has a minimum for light traveling parallel to the magnetic field lines at the location of the particles; and – aligning the multiplicity of particles (20) in a magnetic field, the field lines of which at the location of the particles adopt directions which pass through the virtual image (AD') of the eye fulcrum (AD), said virtual image being generated in the use position by the back surface (8) of the spectacle lens (105) to be produced.

Description

[0001] "Method and device for producing a spectacle lens with a visual field-modulated image quality"

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a method and a device for processing a spectacle lens or for producing a spectacle lens for myopia control or for influencing the progression of myopia. In particular, the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a spectacle lens with visual field-modulated image quality.

[0004] Especially with lenses for correcting myopia, the often noticeable tendency for myopia to progress leads to a reduction in the wearing comfort of once fitted lenses and thus also in the wearer's satisfaction and the tolerability of the glasses after a short time.

[0005] In general, myopia is increasing dramatically worldwide, particularly in Asia. The WHO estimates that by 2050, over 50% of the world's population will be myopic. As an individual's myopia increases, so does their risk of associated eye diseases such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration. Therefore, there is great interest in slowing the prevalence of myopia. There are several approaches to slowing the progression of myopia using optical aids (vision aids). What all of these approaches have in common, however, is that they are very complex and expensive, and also relatively inflexible when it comes to adapting to rapidly changing circumstances (e.g., changes in prescription glasses, changes in the demands of the visual system).

[0006] To date, various optical effects regarding the tolerability and comfort of ophthalmic lenses, particularly spectacle lenses, have been investigated with regard to their influence on myopia and / or hyperopia, as well as their progression or development, depending on the optical and physiological mechanisms that are intended to explain or slow down such progression or advancement, particularly deterioration. Existing approaches are essentially based on projecting the image in front of the retina, as this is intended to slow the longitudinal growth of the eye. It has been shown that it is sufficient (or even better) if this occurs only in the periphery of the retina.

[0007] One possible approach is the use of bifocal lenses and / or progressive lenses (PAL). This approach, on the one hand, results in a peripheral image being projected in front of the retina when looking into the distance, and on the other hand, when looking at near objects, the image is not projected behind the retina, at least when accommodation is insufficient. This works better for children with accommodative insufficiency and / or convergence excess. However, such approaches only achieve acceptable results in a smaller group with convergence excess. Bifocal lenses are cosmetically unacceptable, especially for children.

[0008] Another approach is based on special PAL (or radially symmetric PAL) with a central sharp imaging effect and a peripheral addition (see e.g. the document DE 10 2009 053 467 A1 ).

[0009] PALs, as in these two approaches, exhibit areas of large aberrations. If the lens power changes, which is often the case with children, a new, expensive lens must be manufactured. Furthermore, peripheral vision and even foveal vision, when looking through the periphery of the lens, are severely impaired by the aberrations. If high demands are placed on the visual system (e.g., in road traffic), this can only be resolved with a second pair of single-vision glasses. This further increases the effort and cost of changing the prescription. Acceptance of such solutions is therefore often low.

[0010] Other approaches are based on special contact lenses. For example, progressive contact lenses with a higher plus power in the periphery than in the central area have been investigated. However, this also impairs foveal vision when the contact lens moves on the eye. Furthermore, a new lens must be manufactured, which is a complex process. Furthermore, handling and reliability are limited in children. This is particularly true for young children, and the situation is further complicated by the fact that the greatest effect is actually achieved when measures to slow myopia progression begin in early childhood.

[0011] Another approach with contact lenses uses so-called Ortho-K contact lenses, which are worn overnight and deform the cornea. This is intended to correct myopia centrally and also create a positive effect in the periphery (compared to the central one). However, each contact lens has its own specific requirements, and a new lens must be manufactured at great expense, for example, in the case of a new prescription. Furthermore, the effects of corneal deformation on corneal metabolism and structure are unclear, especially in young children.

[0012] The problem for spectacle wearers resulting from the progression of myopia is the steadily decreasing comfort of a pair of glasses once fitted. One possible approach to myopia control involves the use of lenses with small additional lenses (so-called lenslets) with additional positive refractive power. These additional lenses are formed from knob-like structures. The additional effect leads to a local shift of the focal point in front of the retina and is intended to counteract excessive longitudinal growth of the eye.

[0013] In the zone containing the lenslets ("active zone"), the distribution of the power is discontinuous: In the area of ​​the lenslets, the image is blurred, while in the area between them, it is sharp. When looking through the active zone, these lenslets are irritating because they prevent a sharp image locally. When the eye moves through this active zone, further irritation occurs because the arrangement of the lenslets in front of the pupil changes depending on the direction of gaze.

[0014] Known spectacle lenses for myopia control therefore usually have a central region in which good vision is possible and one or more peripheral regions in which the image quality degrades when viewing objects (e.g. due to an additional spherical and / or astigmatic optical effect or diffuse scattered light, as disclosed, for example, in the publication WO 2019 152438A1 or WO 2020 014613A1). The actual reason for the myopia progression-inhibiting effect is currently still the subject of research, but appears to be caused by the more frequent use of the central region of the lens for viewing objects (central vision) on average over time. Objects viewed through the central region of the lens have better image quality than objects not currently fixated in the field of vision (peripheral vision), which are viewed through the degrading regions of the lens.

[0015] In summary, known lenses for myopia control allow the variation of visual quality across the field of view, i.e. depending on the current direction of gaze.

[0016] In the context of the present invention, it has been found that conventional spectacle lenses for myopia control have the following disadvantages in particular:

[0017] Conventional lenses for myopia control have a similarly poor or sometimes even poorer image quality in central vision when fixating objects through the image quality-degrading areas of the lens compared to peripheral vision, and therefore do not have a permanent (e.g. present in every direction of gaze) myopia progression-inhibiting effect.

[0018] Conventional lenses for myopia control have a changing image quality in central vision depending on the direction of gaze, which means that sometimes uncomfortable head positions must be adopted when fixating on peripheral objects in the field of vision.

[0019] To avoid the above disadvantages, active (particularly electroactive) spectacle lenses controlled by an eye tracker would be conceivable, but such solutions are technically very complex and expensive. One object of the present invention is to improve the long-term compatibility of spectacles with myopia control and thus achieve long-term wearing comfort at low cost. This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter having the features specified in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0020] A first independent aspect of solving the problem concerns a method for producing a spectacle lens for myopia control for a wearer's eye in a specific usage position of the lens relative to a ocular rotation point of the eye. For example, the usage position can be determined by an individual usage position of the lens relative to the eye of a particular wearer, or certain standard specifications for a usage position can be used. The method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Providing a spectacle lens precursor having a plurality of magnetically alignable particles (in particular in their respective direction and / or in their relative position to one another), which particles, at least as a result of an alignment in a magnetic field (in particular as a result of an alignment in this magnetic field and / or as a result of an alignment due to this magnetic field), have anisotropic light-absorbing and / or (anisotropic) light-scattering properties such that their absorption and / or scattering when aligned in the magnetic field is at a minimum for light running parallel to the magnetic field lines at the location of the particles; and

[0022] Aligning the plurality of particles in a magnetic field whose field lines, in particular at the location of the particles, have directions that run through the virtual image of the eye rotation point generated by the (in particular finally machined) back surface of the spectacle lens to be produced in the position of use.

[0023] A spectacle lens precursor is understood in particular to mean a spectacle lens that has not yet been fully finished. In one embodiment, this can differ from the finished spectacle lens only in the orientation of the plurality of particles. In a further embodiment, the spectacle lens precursor also differs from the finished spectacle lens in terms of coatings (e.g. colored and / or anti-reflective and / or hard layers). In a preferred embodiment, the spectacle lens precursor is a tube-shaped glass, which thus differs from the finished spectacle lens in the edging step. In another embodiment, the spectacle lens precursor is essentially a spectacle lens blank, the surfaces (or at least one of the surfaces) of which still have to be shaped (in particular ground) to complete the spectacle lens.In this embodiment, it is thus possible, for example, to perform the inventive alignment of the plurality of particles, for example, in a layer on the front surface of the spectacle lens, before the rear surface of the spectacle lens has been brought into its final shape. However, it is at least necessary to already know the final position and shape of the rear surface in order to correctly align the directions of the field lines of the magnetic field. These should have directions at the location of the particles that run through the virtual image of the ocular center of rotation generated by the finished rear surface of the spectacle lens to be manufactured in the wear position—even if this rear surface has not yet been manufactured at the time the particles are aligned.

[0024] In the context of this description, “myopia control” is understood to mean, in particular, influencing the growth of eye length.

[0025] The particles are designed to be aligned in the magnetic field and, at least in the aligned state, to absorb and / or scatter light anisotropically. In the context of the description, “alignment of particles” is understood to mean, in particular, an alignment of individual particles in space (in particular with respect to an optionally present longitudinal axis of the respective particles) and / or a mutual alignment of particles (or an alignment of the relative position of the particles to one another). In particular, the “alignment of particles” can include or mean an arrangement of particles to one another or to one another. For example, the particles can be arranged in (aligned) structures or particle structures when exposed to a magnetic field. If the particles are, for example, particles with a longitudinal axis (such as micropins), they can be magnetically aligned along their longitudinal axis. If, on the other hand, they are, for example,If the particles are rotationally symmetrical (such as microspheres or nanoparticles), then although they cannot be aligned with respect to a longitudinal axis per se (i.e. each particle considered individually or on its own), the particles can nevertheless be aligned in their relative position to one another and form arrangements that run along the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field. In particular, by aligning the particles in the magnetic field, particle structures (or particle groups) that comprise at least two particles can form. An “aligned state” of the particles (which is brought about by a magnetic field) can therefore be understood to mean, in particular, a state in which individual particles are aligned in their respective direction and / or a state in which the particles are aligned with one another and, in particular, arranged along the magnetic field lines.The particles can individually (per se) be anisotropically light-absorbing and / or light-scattering. However, it is also possible that only when the particles are aligned in a magnetic field do arrangements or structures (which in particular comprise a plurality of particles) form from the particles, which have anisotropically light-absorbing and / or light-scattering properties. The particles can be magnetic and / or magnetizable, in particular paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic. The absorption and / or scattering of the particles when the particles are aligned in a magnetic field is minimum for light that runs parallel to the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field at the location of the particles. In particular, the absorption and / or scattering of the particles when the particles are aligned in a magnetic field is minimum for light that runs parallel to the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field at the location of the particles.In other words, the particles, in particular individual particles (per se) and / or arrangements or structures formed in the magnetic field (so-called particle structures)), each have an optical axis along which the absorption and / or scattering of light is at a minimum (for a direction of light propagation parallel to the optical axis of the respective particle and / or particle structure), wherein the optical axes of the particles and / or particle structures can be aligned along the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field by an interaction of the particles with a magnetic field. The particle structures can be formed (in particular due to the influence or action of a magnetic field) by an association of several particles. The alignment of the particles preferably remains after the magnetic field is switched off.If the alignment would decay after a certain time without further processing steps (e.g. due to diffusion or rotational diffusion of the particles), it can be fixed in a suitable step.

[0026] The plurality of particles is aligned in a magnetic field. In particular, the optical axes of the particles and / or the particle structures are aligned in the magnetic field. The field line directions of the magnetic field run through the virtual image of the eye rotation point generated by the back surface of the spectacle lens in the wear position. The term "field line directions" in the context of this description is intended to describe or encompass not only the actual (physically effective) field lines, but also, in particular, the imaginary or virtual (straight-line) extensions of these field lines. In other words, the field line directions (in particular the virtually extended field lines) of the magnetic field run through a location (which can be specified, in particular, by coordinates relative to the spectacle lens) at which the virtual image of the eye rotation point imaged or generated by the back surface of the spectacle lens in the wear position is created.This location, which in the simplest case can be a point, is determined relative to the lens, in particular by the known or predetermined refractive properties of the back surface of the lens and the known or predetermined coordinates of the ocular rotation point relative to the lens (in the wear position). It should be noted that no light or virtual imaging is required to carry out the method. However, the magnetic field lines at the location of the particles run through the position in space where the virtual image of the ocular rotation point would be created if the ocular rotation point were viewed through the back of the lens.

[0027] In particular, the plurality of particles is aligned in an (external) magnetic field whose virtually (straight-line) extended field lines run through the virtual image of the eye's rotation point generated by the back surface of the spectacle lens in the wear position. In other words, straight lines associated with the field lines of the magnetic field run through the virtual image of the eye's rotation point generated by the back surface of the spectacle lens in the wear position. A straight line associated with a field line runs along this field line at the location in the spectacle lens where the particles are located.

[0028] In very simple eye models, the "eye pivot point" is understood to be a single point that is fixed relative to both the head and the eye. However, it is known that this concept of an eye pivot point as a true fixed point describes the physiological reality of an eye movement only approximately, but not exactly. In fact, no single point remains permanently stationary relative to the head during eye movements. Nevertheless, depending on the model or eye model, the eye pivot point could be understood to be a point or area that moves only slightly or very little during eye movements. In particular, an eye pivot point designated in this way or similarly (as a single point or small area) remains at least approximately stationary even during eye movements within small spatial deviations.In this sense, it is also possible to understand such an area as the model concept of an “eye pivot point” in the sense of this description.

[0029] For example, the term "eye pivot point" in the context of this description is understood to mean, in particular, a fixation line convergence region. The fixation line convergence region can, for example, be a volume (fixation line convergence volume), a surface (fixation line convergence surface), or a point (fixation line convergence point), whereby in particular all gazes passing through the lens (or through relevant parts of the lens) pass through the fixation line convergence volume or the fixation line convergence surface or the fixation line convergence point. Depending on the eye model, the "eye pivot point" can thus not only be a point, but rather be defined as a surface or a volume (with a limited extent in each case). Only in a simple (or the simplest) eye model does the "eye pivot point" actually represent only a point. For example, the "eye pivot point" can be a mechanical eye pivot point, i.e., in particular, an area (e.g.Point) in the eye that shifts the least during gaze movements. In particular, the eye rotation point can be the geometric or optical eye rotation point. The optical eye rotation point is the point that is the shortest distance from the extension of the eye-side principal rays running outside the eye of the light beams striking the preferred fixation locus (hereinafter referred to as the direction of gaze or fixation line) for all eye-side gaze directions passing through the spectacle lens. Realistically, the optical eye rotation point is more likely to be described by a sphere that has a diameter that is less than 6 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, even more preferably less than 4 mm, and most preferably less than 3 mm. For example, the diameter of this sphere can be approximately 2 mm. It goes without saying that, in principle, other models of the eye rotation point orthe possible viewing directions are easily possible.

[0030] Providing a spectacle lens precursor with a plurality of magnetically alignable particles can be achieved, for example, by applying a layer or a lacquer comprising the plurality of particles, particularly in the form of a dispersion, to a (conventional) spectacle lens or a (conventional) spectacle lens blank. Alternatively or additionally, the spectacle lens precursor (e.g., spectacle lens or spectacle lens blank) itself can already comprise a plurality of magnetically alignable particles. For example, magnetically alignable particles can be used in the production of a spectacle lens blank by dispersing them in the not yet cured material of the spectacle lens blank.

[0031] Advantageously, with the aid of the method according to the invention (and with the device according to the invention described below), spectacle lenses with optically anisotropic absorption and / or scattering properties can be produced in a simple, cost-effective, and effective manner using a magnetic field. A (modified) spectacle lens processed or produced using the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention preferably has (compared to a conventional spectacle lens) an effective range for influencing myopia progression with a visual field-modulated image quality. In such a (modified) spectacle lens, the image quality in the effective range of the spectacle lens depends in particular on a light incidence direction and / or beam direction.In other words, the image quality for different light rays or light rays with different directions of incidence is generally different, particularly for each visual point within the effective range of the spectacle lens. Using the method (or the device) according to the invention, a spectacle lens can be produced in an effective and cost-effective manner that can contribute to inhibiting the progression of myopia and also offers long-term wearing comfort. Further features of such a spectacle lens, which can be produced using the method (or the device) according to the invention, are described below.

[0032] In particular, the procedure includes the following steps:

[0033] Generating or providing a magnetic field for aligning the particles; aligning the microparticles in the generated or provided magnetic field such that, in the spectacle lens to be manufactured or produced, the direction of the minima of the anisotropic light-absorbing and / or light-scattering properties of the particles and the directions of light rays passing through the eye's center of rotation in the wearing position coincide.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the magnetically alignable particles are magnetic and / or magnetizable particles. The particles preferably have dimensions (e.g., diameter and / or length of a longitudinal axis) ranging from a few nanometers to several hundred micrometers, which is why the particles are also referred to as nanoparticles or microparticles. Particles that develop optically anisotropic properties due to their arrangement or alignment in the magnetic field can, for example, be approximately spherical and have diameters down to a few tens of nanometers (e.g., in the range of 10 nm, 20 nm, or 50 nm). Particles that themselves have an elongated shape, e.g., microneedles or microrods, can, for example, have smallest dimensions perpendicular to their longitudinal axis of a few hundred nanometers up to 100 micrometers. For example, the particles can be iron oxide particles (in particular, Fe2O5 or Fe2CM2), or, for example,Particles which have a core made of iron oxide (in particular Fe2O3 or FesCM) and a scattering or reflecting shell. The particles can be rod-shaped. However, it is also possible for the particles to be approximately spherical or irregularly shaped, for example. Larger structures, in particular micro-particles, can form by aligning (nano-)particles in a magnetic field. These formed micro-particles preferably have a high aspect ratio, so that they serve as anisotropic scatterers and / or absorbers. The particles can therefore already be present, for example, as microrods or in other forms with a long (optical) axis or a high aspect ratio, or they can combine to form such microrods by aligning them in a magnetic field. Further information on the alignment of such magnetic particles with the aid of a magnetic field or.on a process with which microparticles with a high aspect ratio can be formed from magnetizable and / or magnetic nanoparticles can be found, for example, in the publication Seo et al.: “Manipulation of light transmission from stable magnetic microrods formed by the alignment of magnetic nanoparticles”; RSC Adv., 2021 , Vol. 11 , 2390-2396; DOI: 10.1039 / D0RA09511 G. From this publication it can also be seen that the particles made of Fe2O3 can be aligned more easily.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment, the provision of a spectacle lens precursor with a plurality of magnetically alignable particles comprises applying a layer comprising the plurality of magnetic and / or magnetizable particles to a spectacle lens body. The layer is preferably a curable layer. In particular, the layer is a (curable) lacquer layer. The layer can be applied, for example, using a spin coater. Alternatively or additionally, the layer can be applied to the spectacle lens body using a casting mold and / or at least one stamp. The lacquer or layer preferably exhibits a slight change in volume (e.g., slight shrinkage) upon curing, so that the orientation of the microparticles or the structures formed therefrom changes as little as possible during fixing.If the paint still exhibits some shrinkage, the magnetic field can be adjusted accordingly to compensate for the change in particle orientation and / or particle structures caused by shrinkage.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the particles undergo a chemical transformation after alignment in a magnetic field or after fixation. For example, a reduction of Fe2O3 to FesCM can be carried out in the presence of hydrogen to change the absorption spectrum and thus the color of the spectacle lens (e.g., from reddish to gray).

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, the layer is applied to the spectacle lens body with the aid of a casting mold and / or with the aid of at least one stamp such that the layer has a thickness that varies across the spectacle lens. This can be helpful, for example, to avoid undesirable differences in absorption and / or image quality when looking through centrally at different viewing points in the spectacle lens. For example, binocularly different absorptions of the spectacle lens can trigger the Pulvrich effect, which distorts depth perception. Therefore, a suitable variation in the layer thickness is preferably designed so that the same absorption is present when looking through centrally and at different viewing points in the spectacle lens, or central vision with the same visual quality is possible.The layer is preferably applied to the spectacle lens in such a way that the layer has its greatest thickness (in the direction of the surface normal) at that point in the spectacle lens at which, when looking through centrally, the chief ray connecting the pupil center and the preferred fixation locus passes perpendicularly through the layer. This is approximately the case at the eye position at which the corneal vertex is at its smallest distance from the spectacle lens. As the distance from this viewing point increases, the layer thickness preferably becomes thinner, thereby ensuring a consistently good visual impression. Such a change in layer thickness can be achieved, for example, by spin coating, in which the spectacle lens rotates around an axis that corresponds to the point on the spectacle lens closest to the eye's center of rotation, and suitable process parameters (such as rotation speed and / or viscosity of the coating) are used.With the help of one or more stamps which have depressions, the applied layer (in particular the polymer or lacquer layer) can be structured. In other words, structures can be formed from the layer containing the particles (absorber and / or scatterer). For this purpose, preferably an uncured polymer or an uncured lacquer (which has the magnetic and / or magnetizable particles) is placed in the depressions of the stamp (e.g. using a doctor blade). The stamp is then preferably pressed against the spectacle lens or the spectacle lens blank. The magnetic and / or magnetizable particles present in the polymer or lacquer can then be aligned in the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet. The particles can, for example, already be present in the polymer or lacquer as microrods or other shapes with a pronounced longitudinal axis or a high aspect ratio.Alternatively or additionally, structures with a high aspect ratio can be formed by aligning the particles in the magnetic field. The particles and / or particle structures preferably have an aspect ratio of more than 5, more preferably more than 10, even more preferably more than 20, even more preferably more than 50, and most preferably more than 100. In particular, for particles or particle structures that have an extension of the order of magnitude of at least 0.5 pm perpendicular to their longitudinal axis (and therefore interact appreciably with visible light), the highest possible aspect ratio is advantageous. The polymer containing the particles or the lacquer containing the particles can then be cured, e.g., with UV light. In this way, for example, Fresnel zone plates with a continuous absorption profile can be produced, which have only one focal point (in contrast to binary Fresnel zone plates with multiple focal points).

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment, the magnetic field has spherically radially extending magnetic field lines. In particular, the magnetic field has radially extending (in the direction of an imaginary point) magnetic field lines in at least part of the cavity or in at least part of the volume occupied by the spectacle lens. The magnetic field is preferably generated by means of an electromagnet. In a further preferred embodiment, the method comprises fixing the alignment of the plurality of particles. Fixing the alignment of the plurality of particles can, for example, comprise (actively) curing a layer or a lacquer which comprises the magnetically alignable particles. In particular, fixing the alignment of the plurality of particles comprises curing a layer (in particular a lacquer layer) on the spectacle lens body, wherein the layer comprises the plurality of (magnetically alignable) particles.Preferably, the layer is cured by irradiating it with UV light. This can be achieved using a suitable exposure unit. However, with a suitable coating, the alignment of the multitude of particles can also be fixed passively by waiting a certain amount of time until the coating or coating layer has cured on its own.

[0039] In a further preferred embodiment, the layer is additionally structured before or during curing, in particular with the aid of a structuring unit. Diffractive structures (such as Fresnel zone plates or photon sieves) are preferably created in the layer before or during curing. For example, curing the layer applied to the spectacle lens can comprise exposing the layer (in particular to UV radiation) using an appropriately structured stencil or mask. For this purpose, the structured stencil is placed between a light source (in particular a UV light source) and the layer to be exposed. Preferably, an optical system that is transparent to UV light or that reflects UV light can be used for exposure. In this way, optically active components of the spectacle lens can be created, which in particular have anisotropic properties.

[0040] A further independent aspect for solving the problem relates to a device for processing a spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor, comprising: a magnetic field device or magnetic field generating device with a cavity for generating a magnetic field with magnetic field lines extending radially in at least a portion of the cavity; and a movable spectacle lens holder for holding and positioning the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor within the magnetic field in the cavity.

[0041] The ophthalmic lens precursor is preferably a conventional ophthalmic lens or a ophthalmic lens without visual field modulation, in particular a ophthalmic lens blank or a ophthalmic lens with a power for correcting vision defects. For example, the ophthalmic lens to be processed can be a (conventional) ophthalmic lens that already has a refraction intended or prescribed for the future wearer.

[0042] The lens holder is movable or displaceable and serves to hold and position, in particular to align, the lens or lens precursor in the cavity. Preferably, the lens holder is displaceable and / or rotatable in all three dimensions.

[0043] The device described herein is used, in particular, for processing a conventional spectacle lens and / or for producing a (modified) spectacle lens. In particular, the device is used to produce a spectacle lens for myopia control for an eye of a spectacle wearer in a specific wearing position of the spectacle lens relative to an ocular rotation point of the eye. In particular, the device is used to produce a spectacle lens with a myopia progression-inhibiting effect. A (modified) spectacle lens produced with the device has, in particular, a visual field-modulated image quality, which serves to control myopia or to inhibit myopia progression.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the magnetic field device comprises an electromagnet with a coil, a first magnetic field guiding element, and a second magnetic field guiding element. In other words, the electromagnet or the electromagnetic arrangement comprises a coil and a first and second magnetic field guiding element. In particular, the first and second magnetic field guiding elements each comprise a ferrite core and / or iron core. The first and second magnetic field guiding elements each serve to guide and / or amplify a magnetic field or magnetic flux generated in the coil (as a result of an electric current). The first magnetic field guiding element can thus also be referred to as the first magnetic flux guiding element, and the second magnetic field guiding element can correspondingly be referred to as the second magnetic flux guiding element.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, the first magnetic field guiding element has an at least partially spherical inner surface with a first center point. In other words, the first magnetic field guiding element has a first spherical section. In particular, an inner surface or an inner surface section of the first magnetic field guiding element represents a spherical surface at least partially (substantially). The center point of this inner surface section of the first magnetic field guiding element is referred to as the first center point. The second magnetic field guiding element has an at least partially spherical outer surface with a second center point. In other words, the second magnetic field guiding element has a second spherical section. In particular, an outer surface or an outer surface section of the second magnetic field guiding element represents a spherical surface at least partially (substantially).The center point of this outer surface section of the second magnetic field guide element is referred to as the second center point. The first magnetic field guide element can be arranged on the second magnetic field guide element or can be connected and / or contacted with it in such a way that the first center point coincides with the second center point (or that the first and second center points lie one above the other) and the cavity is formed between the first magnetic field guide element and the second magnetic field guide element. In other words, the first center point and the second center point are located at the same location. In particular, in a closed arrangement of the magnetic field guide elements or in a closed state of the device, the spherical inner surface section of the first magnetic field guide element and the spherical outer surface section of the second magnetic field guide element have a common center point.It is noted that the surfaces of the two magnetic field guiding elements may also deviate from the spherical shape if this enables the generation of more suitable magnetic field directions at the location of the spectacle lens, e.g. because more complex models of the viewing eye are used, and / or because the virtual image of the eye rotation point generated by the back of the spectacle lens depends on the position of the respective structures in the spectacle lens.

[0046] In particular, in a closed arrangement of the magnetic guide elements or in a closed state of the device, the first magnetic field guide element is arranged on the second magnetic field guide element such that the first center point and the second center point coincide and a cavity is formed between the first magnetic field guide element and the second magnetic field guide element, in particular between the at least partially spherical inner surface of the first magnetic field guide element and the at least partially spherical outer surface of the second magnetic field guide element. The cavity is in particular designed or dimensioned such that the spectacle lens can be arranged or positioned and / or processed in the cavity. The cavity can further be designed or dimensioned such that, in addition to the spectacle lens, a UV light source can also be arranged in the cavity.Alternatively, UV light can be irradiated into the cavity from outside (e.g., through an opening and / or using a fiber optic cable). Surfaces facing the cavity can be UV-reflecting or UV-absorbing, for example, to ensure better illumination and curing of the paint.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, the invention thus provides a device for processing a spectacle lens, comprising: an electromagnet which comprises a coil, a first magnetic field guiding element and a second magnetic field guiding element, wherein the first magnetic field guiding element has an at least partially spherical inner surface with a first center point, wherein the second magnetic field guiding element has an at least partially spherical outer surface with a second center point, wherein the first magnetic field guiding element can be arranged on the second magnetic field guiding element such that the first center point coincides with the second center point and a cavity is formed between the first magnetic field guiding element and the second magnetic field guiding element; and a movable spectacle lens holder for holding and positioning the spectacle lens in the cavity.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the first magnetic field guide element has at least one opening, in particular two openings, for passing through at least a portion of the spectacle lens holder. In particular, the at least one opening represents a through-hole or a bore. In particular, the at least one opening is designed to accommodate at least one retaining element or retaining bracket of the spectacle lens holder. In particular, in the closed arrangement of the magnetic guide elements or in the closed state of the device, at least one retaining element of the spectacle lens holder can be inserted at least partially into the cavity. Furthermore, the at least one opening is dimensioned such that the at least one retaining element of the spectacle lens holder, and thus the spectacle lens holder itself, is movable, displaceable and / or rotatable for positioning and / or aligning the spectacle lens in the cavity, preferably in all three dimensions.The holder is preferably made of a non-magnetizable and / or non-magnetic material, e.g., plastic. This prevents unwanted interference with the magnetic field lines.

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment, the coil is arranged on the first magnetic field guiding element. Alternatively or additionally, the coil surrounds a part of the first magnetic field guiding element. In other words, the first magnetic field guiding element (or a part thereof) is arranged at least partially inside the coil. It is understood, however, that the coil can in principle also be arranged at another suitable location. For example, the coil could be arranged at a boundary between the cavity and the magnetic field guiding elements. The coil can, in particular, be arranged so as to be movable, so that the magnetic field orientation can be influenced. Additional coils and / or additional magnetizable and / or magnetic elements, with which the magnetic field can be corrected and / or influenced, can be attached in the cavity and / or on the magnetic field guiding elements.

[0050] In a further preferred embodiment, the first magnetic field guiding element and the second magnetic field guiding element are separable from one another in order to bring the device into an open state (or to bring the first and second magnetic field guiding elements into a separate arrangement) and to attach the spectacle lens to the spectacle lens holder and / or to remove the spectacle lens from the spectacle lens holder. In the separate arrangement of the first and second magnetic field guiding elements (or in the open or opened state of the device), the spectacle lens can be fixed to the spectacle lens holder and / or removed from the spectacle lens holder.

[0051] In a further preferred embodiment, the spectacle lens holder is designed to hold the spectacle lens in such a way that a front surface of the spectacle lens is exposed. The front surface of the spectacle lens is understood to be the object-side surface of the spectacle lens, i.e., the surface of the spectacle lens which, in a use position, faces an object to be viewed and / or faces away from the eye of a spectacle wearer. This front surface of the spectacle lens is generally a convex surface. In contrast, the rear surface of the spectacle lens is understood to be a surface of the spectacle lens which, in the use position, faces the eye. This rear surface of the spectacle lens is generally a concave surface. The spectacle lens holder is preferably designed to hold the spectacle lens exclusively by the lateral edges of the spectacle lens and / or by the rear or eye-side surface of the spectacle lens.In particular, the lens holder is designed to hold the lens exclusively in the area of ​​an outer edge of the lens.

[0052] In particular, the device can comprise a coating or coating unit for applying a layer to the spectacle lens. The layer is in particular a lacquer layer and preferably a curable layer or curable lacquer layer. A solution used for coating (e.g. a lacquer) and thus also the layer applied to the spectacle lens comprises in particular the magnetically alignable particles (in particular nano- and / or microparticles). The coating unit can comprise, for example, a spin coater. Alternatively or additionally, the coating unit can comprise a casting mold and / or at least one stamp. With the aid of a casting mold and / or one or more stamps, it is advantageously possible to create layers or structures with a layer thickness that varies over the surface of the spectacle lens (e.g., spectacle lens blank). As already mentioned above, this can, for example,be helpful in order to avoid undesirable differences in absorption and / or image quality when looking through centrally at different viewing points in the lens. For example, binocularly different absorptions of the lens can trigger the Pulvrich effect, which distorts depth perception. Therefore, a suitable variation of the layer thickness is preferably designed so that the same absorption is present for central viewing and different viewing points in the lens, or central viewing with the same visual quality is possible. For example, stamps made of an elastic polymer, e.g. PDMS, which have corresponding depressions, can be used to structure the polymer layer or to form structures from the polymer containing the particles (absorber and / or scatterer). In this way, for example,Produce Fresnel zone plates with a continuous absorption profile that have only one focal point.

[0053] Furthermore, the device can comprise an exposure unit (in particular UV exposure unit) for curing a layer applied to the spectacle lens.

[0054] Furthermore, the device can comprise a structuring unit for structuring a layer applied to the spectacle lens. The structuring unit can, in particular, comprise a stencil and / or an exposure optics system. With the aid of the structuring unit, the layer applied to the spectacle lens can be suitably structured before fixing or curing or during fixing or curing (e.g., using a photolithographic process). This makes it possible to produce optically active components of the spectacle lens that have optically anisotropic properties. These optically active components can, for example, comprise or be Fresnel zone plates, photon sieves, and / or other diffractive structures.

[0055] A further independent aspect for solving the problem relates to a use of the device according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.

[0056] In particular, the invention provides a method for processing a spectacle lens using a device according to the invention, comprising one or more of the following steps:

[0057] Applying a layer comprising a plurality of magnetic and / or magnetizable particles to the spectacle lens;

[0058] Attaching the lens to the lens holder of the device;

[0059] Arranging the first magnetic field guiding element on the second magnetic field guiding element to bring the device into a closed state;

[0060] Aligning the plurality of magnetic and / or magnetizable particles by means of a magnetic field generated by the electromagnet of the device; and

[0061] Curing of the layer applied to the lens.

[0062] The method is particularly suitable or intended for processing a (conventional) spectacle lens and / or producing a (modified) spectacle lens, in particular with a visual field-modulated image quality.

[0063] The layer applied to the spectacle lens can be, for example, a solvent or lacquer layer and can preferably be cured using UV light. The magnetic and / or magnetizable particles are, in particular, nano- and / or microparticles formed, for example, from Fe2Os or FesCM. Attaching the spectacle lens to the spectacle lens holder of the device can, in particular, comprise fixing the spectacle lens to the spectacle lens holder of the device. The magnetic field is generated, in particular, by switching on the electromagnet or by supplying current to the coil of the electromagnet.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises, prior to aligning the plurality of magnetically alignable particles, positioning and / or aligning the spectacle lens (in particular in the cavity of the device) using the movable spectacle lens holder. The positioning of the spectacle lens can be performed, in particular, before or after arranging the first magnetic field guiding element on the second magnetic field guiding element. In particular, the position and / or orientation of the spectacle lens can be optically controlled, e.g., based on markings present in the spectacle lens (such as engravings).

[0065] In particular, the method may include determining wear position data of the spectacle lens in order to determine the eye rotation point relative to the spectacle lens. The eye rotation point is, in particular, a point relative to the spectacle lens determined or defined based on the wear position data. In particular, the method thus comprises the step:

[0066] Determination of an eye rotation point relative to the lens (e.g. based on the determined usage position data.

[0067] With the device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention, it is advantageously possible to inexpensively produce a spectacle lens for myopia control with lasting compatibility and long-term wearing comfort. In particular, with the device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention, a spectacle lens with optically anisotropic layers for inhibiting myopia progression can be produced or manufactured. Advantageously, with the aid of the present invention, optically anisotropic properties of a spectacle lens can be produced without sequential processing of individual anisotropic scatterers or absorbers, such as by micro-drilling, laser ablation, or the like. In particular, with the aid of the present invention, a very large number of particles or optically active elements (which, for example,act as anisotropic scatterers and / or absorbers) simultaneously and align them by using a magnetic field in such a way that they form the desired anisotropic optical property of the spectacle lens.

[0068] In particular, the invention provides a spectacle lens that has been modified and / or manufactured using the device according to the invention and / or by the method according to the invention. Advantageously, such a spectacle lens has a power range such that for each viewing point on a rear surface of the lens within the power range, the image quality of the spectacle lens is maximized in a beam direction of a primary beam associated with the respective viewing point, and the primary beams of all viewing points in the power range essentially intersect in a common eye-side primary beam intersection area or primary beam intersection point.

[0069] In the context of this description, a “viewing point” is understood to mean any (geometric) point on the spectacle lens through which a viewer or wearer can look. The spectacle lens therefore has a multitude of viewing points. In particular, the spectacle lens can formally be viewed as the set of all viewing points. A viewing point can generally refer to a volume of the spectacle lens, a front surface of the spectacle lens, a back surface of the spectacle lens, or an inner surface or layer of the spectacle lens. For the purpose of a clear definition, a viewing point in this description refers in particular to the back surface of the spectacle lens (i.e. the surface of the lens facing the eye).

[0070] The “effective range” of the spectacle lens can extend over at least a part (in particular a continuous part) of the spectacle lens. For example, the effective range of the spectacle lens can extend over approximately 50%, preferably approximately 80%, more preferably approximately 90% and most preferably more than 90% of a surface or surfaces of the spectacle lens. The effective range can be positioned such that it comprises one or more viewing points through which light beams frequently falling on the peripheral retina (i.e., generally not into the fovea) during typical visual tasks pass. Preferably, the effective range can additionally also comprise viewing points through which light beams frequently falling on the central retina during typical visual tasks pass. For the primary rays (which all essentially intersect at the primary ray intersection point or pass through a virtual intersection sphere) orFor beams of rays whose principal ray is a primary ray, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens (particularly with respect to the direction of incidence of the primary rays or of the respective primary ray) may exhibit a maximum. This maximum may be a local maximum or a global maximum. For at least some (particularly all) rays that pass through the visual point and do not essentially intersect at the primary ray intersection point or do not pass through the virtual intersection sphere, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens may be lower than the maximum imaging quality. Such rays are referred to as secondary rays in this description.In particular, for a beam of rays whose principal ray is such a secondary ray (i.e. a beam of rays whose direction deviates from the direction of the primary ray), the image quality of the spectacle lens may be lower than the maximum image quality achieved for the same viewing point (i.e. for the ray direction along the primary ray).

[0071] The effective range of the spectacle lens is preferably designed such that, for each viewing point on a rear surface of the lens within the effective range, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens is maximum in a beam direction of a primary beam associated with the respective viewing point. In other words, the effective range can, in particular, be designed such that, for each viewing point in the effective range, there is at least one associated primary beam, in particular an associated beam direction (also referred to as the primary beam direction in the context of this description), for which the imaging quality of the spectacle lens, in particular at the respective viewing point, has a maximum, in particular a local maximum. The imaging quality of the spectacle lens thus depends, in particular, on the beam direction within the effective range of the spectacle lens.For each viewing point within the effective range of the spectacle lens, the light ray along whose ray direction (primary ray direction) the spectacle lens achieves a (local or global) maximum image quality at this viewing point is understood to be the "primary ray" in this description. For ray directions deviating from the primary ray direction, the image quality of the spectacle lens at this viewing point does not increase or even decreases. Each viewing point within the effective range is assigned at least one specific primary ray (or at least one specific primary ray direction). Unless otherwise stated, the term "rays" in this description always refers to light rays.

[0072] The primary rays of all visual points, which are characterized or defined by the fact that they indicate a (local or global) maximum of the image quality of the spectacle lens in the effective range, essentially intersect in a common eye-side primary ray intersection area or primary ray intersection point. In other words, for all visual points in the effective range, the respective associated primary rays essentially intersect at the primary ray intersection point. For the purposes of this description, rays that "essentially intersect" in a primary ray intersection area or primary ray intersection point are understood in particular to mean that these rays pass through a virtual sphere (intersecting sphere) whose center is the primary ray intersection point and which has a predefined diameter.In other words, for all viewing points in the effective area, the respective associated primary rays pass through a common virtual intersection sphere which has the primary ray intersection point as its center and a predetermined diameter. The term "essentially" in this context means that the rays or primary rays do not have to intersect exactly at the primary ray intersection point, but that a certain deviation from this specification is permitted within well-defined or predetermined limits. In this case, the defined or predetermined limits are determined in particular by a predefined diameter of the virtual intersection sphere. The diameter of the virtual intersection sphere is preferably less than 6 mm, more preferably less than 5 mm, even more preferably less than 4 mm, and most preferably less than 3 mm. For example, the diameter of the virtual intersection sphere can be 2 mm.In particular, the primary beam intersection area or primary beam intersection point may coincide with the “fixing line convergence area” mentioned above or correspond to the “fixing line convergence area”.

[0073] In particular, the effective range is further configured such that for each visual point within the effective range, corresponding secondary rays exist for which the image quality of the spectacle lens is lower than the (local) maximum. Unlike the primary rays (after passing through the spectacle lens), the secondary rays do not essentially intersect at the primary ray intersection point. In other words, unlike the primary rays (after passing through the spectacle lens), the secondary rays do not pass through the virtual intersection sphere.

[0074] The primary ray intersection point can be specified for a spectacle lens independently of the user of the spectacle lens or the user's eye, and also independently of the position in which the spectacle lens is used. The primary ray intersection point is therefore in particular a point that is or is defined based on the properties of the spectacle lens itself. The primary ray intersection point is in particular outside the spectacle lens and, in particular, behind the spectacle lens with regard to incident light rays. Depending on the path of all primary rays, the primary ray intersection point can in particular be understood as the intersection point of all primary rays. If the primary rays do not all intersect exactly at one point, the primary ray intersection point can also be understood as the center of the smallest sphere (intersection sphere) through which all primary rays pass.Alternatively, in this case, the primary ray intersection point can also be understood as the point that has the smallest sum of the squared distances to all primary rays.

[0075] With the help of such a lens, it is advantageously possible to modulate image quality across the field of vision, independent of the user's current gaze direction, similar to contact lenses. In particular, such a lens can, on the one hand, achieve better image quality for central vision than for peripheral vision, thus achieving a permanent myopia progression inhibiting effect. On the other hand, consistent image quality can be ensured for central vision, thus avoiding disruption of the natural interplay of head and eye movements during gaze, as occurs with conventional single-vision lenses.

[0076] A primary ray represents, in particular, a principal ray of a bundle of light rays of central vision (hereinafter referred to as “principal ray of central vision”). And, in particular, a secondary ray represents a principal ray of a bundle of light rays of peripheral vision (hereinafter referred to as “principal ray of peripheral vision”).

[0077] Preferably, for each viewing point in the effective range of the spectacle lens, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens for beam directions that deviate from the beam direction of the respective primary beam is at least partially reduced by absorption and / or diffuse scattering and / or contrast reduction compared to the maximum imaging quality of the spectacle lens at the respective viewing point. In particular, for each viewing point in the effective range of the spectacle lens, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens for secondary rays incident on the spectacle lens at the respective viewing point that do not substantially intersect at the primary beam intersection point (orwhich do not pass through the virtual intersection sphere), due to absorption and / or (diffuse) scattering and / or contrast reduction caused by these secondary rays, compared to the maximum image quality of the respective viewing point (which is achieved for the corresponding primary ray). In other words, the image quality of the spectacle lens is based in particular on light transmission (transmission capability) and / or scattering and / or contrast.

[0078] In particular, in the context of this description, the term “image quality” is understood to mean a quantity that depends on light transmittance (transmittance) and / or scattering (or diffuse scattering) and / or contrast. For example, the higher the light transmittance and / or the higher the contrast and / or the lower the scattering (or diffuse scattering), the higher the image quality. Alternatively or additionally, the image quality can also be based on image sharpness and / or refraction, in particular astigmatism. In other words, the image quality can be a quantity that alternatively or additionally depends on image sharpness and / or refraction, in particular astigmatism. For example, the higher the image sharpness and / or the lower the astigmatism, the higher the image quality.Alternatively or additionally, the image quality of the spectacle lens for the secondary rays incident on the spectacle lens may be reduced by an additional refraction caused for these rays, in particular by an additional astigmatism.

[0079] The primary ray intersection preferably corresponds to an eye rotation point in a wearing position of the spectacle lens. Within the scope of the invention, it has been found that the optical eye rotation point is particularly suitable for this purpose. The optical eye rotation point is the approximate intersection point of the fixation lines for a variety of viewing directions. The fixation line is understood to be the extension of the section of the light beam that directly enters the eye and passes through the center of the pupil and the object point during fixation of an object or object point. When the eye looks through spectacles, the fixation line is therefore the straight line that extends the section of the light beam between the back surface of the spectacle lens and the cornea.The fixation line can therefore also be understood as the extension of the section of the light beam that does not run within the eye (but rather between the lens and the eye), which emanates from the preferred fixation point on the retina, is refracted by the optical components of the eye, and passes through the center of the pupil. The optical eye rotation point can, for example, be determined using an optimization method as the point that has the smallest sum of the squared distances to the fixation lines. Alternatively or additionally, the optical eye rotation point can be defined as the centroid of a smallest volume (e.g. a sphere) that is traversed by all primary rays (those that intersect the back surface of the lens within the effective range of the lens and run in the direction of a maximum of image quality).It should be noted that the primary ray intersection point can, in principle, also correspond to a mechanical ocular rotation point (in the lens's wear position). The mechanical ocular rotation point is the point on the inside of the eye that, in a head-fixed reference system, remains approximately unchanged during eye movements.

[0080] The primary ray intersection point does not necessarily depend on the wearer or the wearer's eye, but rather represents a (specified) property of the spectacle lens itself, or can be determined from the properties of the spectacle lens. In particular, the primary ray intersection area or primary ray intersection point is an area or point predetermined or determined with the help of a parameterized model. In the context of this description, a "parameterized model" is understood to mean a model that is defined by one or more parameters. The parameterized model can, in particular, refer to parameters of the wearer of the spectacle lens, which are often used for lens calculations. For example, the position of the centering point and the corneal vertex distance (HSA) can be such parameters. Alternatively or additionally, the spherical equivalent of the wearer's eye (orthe spherical equivalent of the spectacle lens), the eye length and / or the outer diameter of the cornea can be parameters of the parameterized model.

[0081] In particular, the primary ray intersection area or primary ray intersection point is an area or point specified with respect to the properties of the spectacle lens, which is defined with the aid of the parameterized model independently of a spectacle wearer or an eye of the spectacle wearer and / or independently of a wearing position of the spectacle lens.

[0082] The spectacle lens preferably has one or more particles (in particular nano- and / or microparticles) with a (in particular anisotropic) optical effect in the area of ​​effect. Such particles are also referred to in this description as optically active elements or optically active components. In particular, the spectacle lens has a plurality of optically active elements in the area of ​​effect. In particular, the one or more optically active elements have a direction-dependent additional optical function that contributes to the (e.g. prescribed) optical function of the spectacle lens. The optically active element or elements is / are in particular designed and arranged (or aligned) in such a way that the image quality is impaired less for central vision than for peripheral vision.

[0083] To ensure that the spectacle lens has the correct direction of the axis(es) of the at least one optically active element depending on the position in the lens, the relative position of the eye to the lens (or vice versa) is preferably known during manufacture. As already indicated above, this can be done, for example, within the framework of a parameterized model that includes or describes a fixation line convergence region or, in the simplest case, an (optical) eye rotation point.

[0084] A wearer of the spectacle lens can correspond to an individual observer for whom the individually possible eye positions or at least directions of gaze, as well as pupil sizes, are known (e.g., through measurement). The wearer of the spectacle lens can also correspond to a model observer whose eye positions or at least directions of gaze are representative of a large number of individuals and are known, for example, from the literature or have been determined from measurements of a large number of individuals. The wearer of the spectacle lens can also correspond to a partially individualized observer for whom certain parameters have been individually measured (e.g., individual frame parameters such as corneal vertex distance, forward tilt, and frame lens angle), but others are determined with the help of models (e.g., the eye pivot distance).

[0085] Preferably, an optical effect (particularly reducing the imaging quality) of each of the at least one optically effective elements depends on a direction of a light beam incident on the respective optically effective element. Alternatively or additionally, an optical effect (particularly reducing the imaging quality) of each of the at least one optically effective element is a function of the angle between a propagation direction of a light beam incident on the respective optically effective element and the direction of a longitudinal axis of the respective optically effective element. This angle is also referred to as the "deviation angle" in the context of the present description, since a deviation of the imaging quality from the maximum imaging quality achieved for the primary rays depends on it. For small deviation angles, the contribution of a direction-dependent optical function to the (e.g.The (prescribed) optical function of the spectacle lens is preferably designed such that the optical function of the spectacle lens enables good, in particular maximum, image quality, and this deteriorates at larger deviation angles. Preferably, a direction-dependent optical effect of each of the at least one optically effective element is substantially constant at said deviation angles which are smaller than a predefined threshold angle (e.g., 5°, 10°, 15°, or 20°). Preferably, the optical effect of each of the at least one optically effective element increases continuously up to a predetermined value at said deviation angles above the predefined threshold angle.This advantageously enables consistent image quality within a certain viewing angle range around the direction corresponding to sharpest vision, as well as gradually deteriorating imaging properties in peripheral vision, which is perceived as pleasant for spectacle wearers. Because, regardless of the eye position, the secondary rays (or the principal rays of the light beams or wavefronts used for peripheral vision), i.e. those rays which do not impinge on the preferred fixation locus, enclose larger angles to the axis of the at least one optically active element at the respective positions of the spectacle lens than the primary rays (or the principal rays of the light beams used for central vision), different optical functions of the spectacle lens are achieved for central and peripheral vision, regardless of the eye position, and thus different image quality orimage quality is produced.

[0086] Preferably, the at least one particle or the at least one optically active element has or defines a longitudinal axis, and an optical effect of the optically active element on a light beam impinging on the optically active element depends on the angle between a beam direction (i.e., propagation direction) of the light beam (upon impingement on the optically active element) and the longitudinal axis. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the at least one optically active element is aligned substantially parallel to the beam direction of the primary beam extending in the region of the corresponding optically active element.

[0087] Preferably, the optical effect of the at least one optically effective element is substantially constant for light rays whose angles between the beam direction and the longitudinal axis of the optically effective element are smaller than a predefined threshold angle. Furthermore, the optical effect of the at least one optically effective element increases continuously with increasing angle for light rays whose angles between the beam direction and the longitudinal axis are above the predefined threshold angle.

[0088] Preferably, the at least one optically active element comprises or is at least one light-absorbing element (absorption element or absorber for short) and / or at least one light-scattering element (scattering element or scatterer for short). In particular, a light-absorbing effect of an absorber depends on a light incidence direction relative to a longitudinal axis of the absorber. And in particular, a light-scattering effect of a scatterer depends on a light incidence direction relative to a longitudinal axis of the scatterer. Alternatively or additionally, a light-absorbing effect of the arrangement of an absorber and a scatterer depends in particular on a light incidence direction relative to a line along which the absorber and scatterer are arranged.

[0089] Preferably, the optically active element or at least one of the optically active elements comprises a micropin, a microneedle, and / or a microcone. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one optically active element comprises a plurality of microspheres arranged in a row. Preferably, a longitudinal axis of the at least one optically active element is substantially parallel to the direction of incidence of the primary beam associated with the respective viewing point. In other words, a longitudinal axis of the at least one optically active element is substantially parallel to the primary beam direction.

[0090] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in isolation or in other combinations without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0091] The above-mentioned further independent aspects and in particular the related preferred embodiments are also subject to the above-mentioned or below statements regarding the embodiments of the first aspect. In particular, the above-mentioned and below statements regarding the embodiments of the respective other independent aspects also apply to an independent aspect of the present invention and the related preferred embodiments.

[0092] In the following, individual embodiments for achieving the object are described by way of example with reference to the figures. In some cases, the individual embodiments described have features that are not absolutely necessary to carry out the claimed subject matter, but which provide desired properties in certain applications. Thus, embodiments that do not have all the features of the embodiments described below are to be regarded as falling within the scope of the described technical teaching. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary repetition, certain features are only mentioned in relation to individual embodiments described below. It is pointed out that the individual embodiments should therefore not only be considered in isolation, but also in conjunction with one another.Based on this overview, those skilled in the art will recognize that individual embodiments may also be modified by incorporating one or more features of other embodiments. It is noted that a systematic combination of the individual embodiments with one or more features described with reference to other embodiments may be desirable and useful and should therefore be considered and considered to be encompassed by the description.

[0093] The invention will be further described below using preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a device 200 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

[0095] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of parts of the device 200 in an open state;

[0096] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a spectacle lens 105 which can be produced using the device and / or the method according to the invention;

[0097] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of another spectacle lens 105 which can be produced using the device and / or the method according to the invention;

[0098] Figure 5A shows a schematic representation of a front surface 7 of a spectacle lens 105 with a plurality of absorbers A on the front surface 7;

[0099] Figure 5B shows a schematic representation of a rear surface 8 of a spectacle lens 105 with a plurality of absorbers A on the rear surface 8;

[0100] Figure 6A shows a schematic representation of a spectacle lens 105, which can be produced using the device and / or the method according to the invention, with an eye-side gaze deflection of 0°; Figure 6B shows a schematic representation of a spectacle lens 105, which can be produced using the device and / or the method according to the invention, with an eye-side gaze deflection of 16.5°;

[0101] Figure 7 shows, for a spectacle lens 105 which can be produced using the device and / or the method according to the invention, the dependence of the angle between central and peripheral chief rays on the position in the spectacle lens 105 at an eye-side viewing direction of 0° and an eye-side viewing direction of 16.5°.

[0102] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a device 200 for processing a spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The device 200 comprises an electromagnet, which in turn comprises a coil 60, a first magnetic field guiding element 71, and a second magnetic field guiding element 72. The first magnetic field guiding element 61 has an at least partially spherical inner surface F1 with a first center point M1. The second magnetic field guiding element 62 has an at least partially spherical outer surface F2 with a second center point M2. According to Figure 1, the first magnetic field guiding element 71 is arranged on the second magnetic field guiding element 72 such that the first center point M1 of the spherical inner surface F1 of the first magnetic field guiding element 61 coincides with the second center point M2 of the spherical outer surface F2 of the second magnetic field guiding element 62.In this arrangement, which in the context of this description is referred to as a closed arrangement of the magnetic field guiding elements 71, 72 or also as the closed state of the device 200, a cavity 78 is formed between the first magnetic field guiding element 71 and the second magnetic field guiding element 72. The device 200 further comprises a spectacle lens holder 80 for holding and positioning the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 in the cavity 78. The first magnetic field guiding element 71 is preferably designed as a single piece and essentially has the geometry and / or shape of a bell. The second magnetic field guiding element 72 represents a base element on which the first magnetic field guiding element 71 can be arranged and / or to which the first magnetic field guiding element 71 can be connected (magnetically conductively). Like the first magnetic field guiding element 71, the second magnetic field guiding element 72 is also preferably designed as a single piece.The second magnetic field guiding element 72 has a dome with a cylindrical base body and a spherical end section. The coil 60 is arranged on the cylindrical base body of the dome of the second magnetic field guiding element 72. In an operating state (i.e. when the magnetic field is switched on or current is flowing through the coil 60), magnetic field lines run (radially) from the spherical end section of the magnetic field guiding element 72 or from the outer surface F2 of the magnetic field guiding element 72 (covering the spherical end section) to the first magnetic field guiding element 71 or to the spherical inner surface F1 of the first magnetic field guiding element 71. In the embodiment shown, the second magnetic field guiding element 72 further has two openings or through-holes 75, which serve to hold and position the ophthalmic lens or ophthalmic lens precursor 100 to be processed in the cavity 78 with the aid of the ophthalmic lens holder 80.In order not to disrupt the magnetic flux through the magnetic field guide elements, it is also possible to provide no openings in the second magnetic field guide element 72 and to fasten the spectacle lens holder, for example, to a surface of the first and / or second magnetic field guide element by means of a (particularly movable or displaceable) fixing means. Alternatively or additionally, the spectacle lens holder 80 can be arranged entirely in the cavity 78, and the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 to be processed can be positioned, for example, by means of actuators (likewise arranged in the cavity 78). The spectacle lens holder 80 is preferably made of a non-magnetizable and / or non-magnetic material, e.g., a plastic. This prevents any unwanted influence on the magnetic field lines.As can be seen in Figure 1, a first end portion of the first magnetic field guide element 71 can be arranged or is arranged on a first end portion of the second magnetic field guide element 72. Furthermore, a second end portion of the first magnetic field guide element 71 can be arranged or is arranged on a second end portion of the second magnetic field guide element 72.

[0103] A part of the spectacle lens holder 80, namely in particular a spectacle lens receptacle of the spectacle lens holder 80, is arranged in the cavity 78 during the processing of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100, while another part of the spectacle lens holder 80, namely in particular a positioning bracket of the spectacle lens holder 80, is arranged outside the cavity 78 or outside the electromagnet. A first end of the positioning bracket is connected to a first end of a first holding bracket. A second end of the positioning bracket is connected to a first end of a second holding bracket. During the processing of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100, the first and second holding brackets are at least partially arranged in the cavity 78. A first spectacle lens receptacle is arranged at a second end of the first holding bracket. Accordingly, a second spectacle lens receptacle is arranged at a second end of the second holding bracket.

[0104] The second magnetic field guide element 72 has two openings 75 through which the spectacle lens holder 80 or a part of the spectacle lens holder 80, namely in particular the two retaining brackets of the spectacle lens holder 80, can be passed. In particular, the first retaining bracket can be passed through a first opening of the second magnetic field guide element, and the second retaining bracket can be passed through a second opening of the second magnetic field guide element.

[0105] The spectacle lens holder 80 is designed to hold the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 such that a front surface 7 of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 is exposed. Thus, the entire front surface 7 of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 can be processed (e.g., coated, structured, and / or cured). As can be seen in Figure 1, the spectacle lens holder 80 (or spectacle lens receptacles of the spectacle lens holder 80) is designed to hold the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 exclusively at the lateral spectacle lens edges and / or at the rear surface 8 or eye-side surface of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. According to Figure 1, the spectacle lens holder 80 is designed to hold the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 exclusively in the region of an outer edge of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100.For this purpose, the spectacle lens holder 80 has two spectacle lens receptacles for receiving the outer edge of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. It is understood that other embodiments are also possible. For example, the spectacle lens can lie on a movable table that is non-magnetic and / or magnetizable and, in particular, can be opaque. Alternatively or additionally, the spectacle lens can, for example, be arranged in a ring (and, in particular, glued therein). Alternatively, the spectacle lens can also be held at several points, e.g., three points, with a holding device (e.g., a gripper) on the spectacle lens edge.

[0106] The coil 60 is arranged on the second magnetic field guiding element 72. As can be seen in Figure 1, the coil 60 surrounds a cylindrical section of the second magnetic field guiding element 72, which adjoins the spherical section of the second magnetic field guiding element 72. In particular, the coil 60 surrounds the cylindrical (middle) second section of the second part of the second magnetic field guiding element 72.

[0107] The first magnetic field guide element 71 and the second magnetic field guide element 72 are separable from each other. This is indicated by the two vertically extending arrows on the left and right edges of Figure 1. Thus, the device 200 can be brought into an open state (see Figure 2). In this open state, the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 can be attached to the spectacle lens holder 80 or removed from the spectacle lens holder 80.

[0108] In particular, the device 200 serves to form and / or align magnetic and / or magnetizable particles (in particular microrods) on the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. As already mentioned, the device 200 comprises an electromagnet consisting of a coil 60 and two separable magnetic field guiding elements (in particular ferrite cores) 71, 72, into which an spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 with a not yet cured lacquer layer 110 can be inserted. The magnetic field guiding elements or ferrite cores 71, 72 have spherical surfaces in the vicinity of the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100, which, when closed, have the same center point M1 or M2 and generate a magnetic field when a current is switched on in the coil 60.

[0109] The device 200 can further comprise a coating unit (not explicitly shown in the figures) for applying a layer 110 to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. With the aid of the coating unit, the magnetic and / or magnetizable particles 20 can be applied in a layer, in particular in a solution (e.g., a lacquer), to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. The layer thickness is preferably greater than a typical visible wavelength (e.g., over 50 pm or more) and is typically between 100 pm and 300 pm. The anisotropic properties of the layer are generated, in particular, by orienting the microparticles 20 in an applied magnetic field having converging magnetic field lines B. The continuations or extensions B' of the converging magnetic field lines B (i.e., the magnetic field line directions) in the cavity 78 approximately intersect at a point P.This point P, during the formation and / or alignment of the microparticles 20, lies at the point where the virtual image AD' of the optical eye rotation point AD would be through the back surface 8 of the finished spectacle lens. This can be the circle of minimal confusion of the extensions of the directions taken within the layer by the principal rays of light beams used for central vision passing through the layer, for a multitude of different viewing directions in the spectacle lens.

[0110] The lacquer to be applied to the ophthalmic lens or ophthalmic lens precursor 100 can be mixed with magnetic and / or magnetizable particles, or a pre-made lacquer with magnetic and / or magnetizable particles can be used. The layer can be applied to the ophthalmic lens or ophthalmic lens precursor 100, for example, by spin coating. After orientation in a magnetic field, the lacquer can be cured using UV irradiation. A structured stencil can be placed between the light source and the UV lacquer and, if necessary, focused on the lacquer using UV-transparent or reflective optics so that only selected areas are cured. The uncured areas can be removed with a suitable cleaning agent. Finally, UV lacquer can be applied again, for example by spin coating, and then cured over the entire surface. Further processing can be carried out as usual for CM high-index products.

[0111] In particular, before the magnetic field is switched on, the ophthalmic lens or ophthalmic lens precursor 100 is positioned with the aid of the movable ophthalmic lens holder 80 such that the (virtual) image AD' of the optical eye rotation point AD through the back 8 of the finished ophthalmic lens to be produced lies at point P. After the magnetic field is switched on, the magnetic and / or magnetizable particles or microrods located in the not yet cured lacquer layer 110 form or align. Of course, any shrinkage of the lacquer can also be taken into account, since this would change the alignment of the microparticles 20.

[0112] Furthermore, the device 200 can comprise a structuring unit for structuring a layer 110 applied to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 and / or an exposure unit 120 for curing a layer 110 applied to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100. These additional units are not explicitly shown in Figure 1. Like the coating unit mentioned above, these additional units do not necessarily have to be an integral part of the device 200.

[0113] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of parts of the device 200 of Figure 1, wherein, in comparison to Figure 1, the device 200 is shown in the open state rather than in the closed state. For this purpose, the first magnetic field guiding element 71 (not shown in Figure 2) was removed from the second magnetic field guiding element 72. The magnetic and / or magnetizable particles (or microrods) 20, which are located in the layer 110 applied to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100, have already been aligned by the magnetic field. As indicated in Figure 2, the curable layer 110 applied to the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 can then be cured using a UV light source 120.Alternatively, after switching off the magnetic field and removing one of the ferrite cores, the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor 100 can be removed from the spectacle lens holder 80 before the UV-curing lacquer is cured by means of the UV light source 120.

[0114] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a spectacle lens 105 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The spectacle lens 105 has a front surface 7, a rear surface 8, a plurality of viewing points (not explicitly shown in Figure 3), and a range of effects 10. The range of effects 10 is designed such that for each viewing point on the rear surface 8 of the lens within the range of effects 10, the imaging quality of the spectacle lens 105 is maximum in a beam direction of a primary beam 13 associated with the respective viewing point. In other words, the range of effects 10 is designed such that for each viewing point in the range of effects 10, there is at least one associated primary beam 13 for which the imaging quality of the spectacle lens 105 is maximum.The primary rays 13 are characterized in that they essentially intersect at a (specified) eye-side primary ray intersection point 30 for all visual points. In other words, the primary rays 13 are characterized in that they each pass through a common virtual intersection sphere 35 for all visual points. The virtual intersection sphere 35 has the primary ray intersection point 30 as its center and a predetermined diameter. The primary rays 13 correspond in particular to the chief rays HSz of light bundles used for central vision. The primary ray intersection point 30 can be predetermined or determined, for example, with the aid of a parameterized model. In particular, the primary ray intersection point 30 corresponds to an optical eye rotation point in a wearing position of the spectacle lens 105. In the field of effect 10, the spectacle lens 105 has a plurality of optically active elements 20.The optically active elements 20 each have an axis Ax or axis orientation that changes with their position in the spectacle lens 105. The axis Ax of each of the optically active elements 20 is substantially parallel to the respective primary rays 13 or principal rays HSz of light beams used for central vision. In the case of generally bent primary or principal rays HSz of light beams used for central vision, the axis Ax of each of the optically active elements 20 is, in particular, substantially parallel to at least a portion of the respective primary rays or principal rays HSz of light beams used for central vision. The primary rays or principal rays HSz intersect approximately at the primary ray intersection point 30.

[0115] The one or more optically active components 20 of the spectacle lens 105 impair the image or imaging quality of the spectacle lens 105 less for central vision than for peripheral vision. An optically active component 20 has an additional direction-dependent optical function contributing to the optical function of the spectacle lens 105 (in particular, precisely one direction-dependent optical function that goes beyond, for example, a conventional wear position optimization), which depends at least on the direction of an axis Ax of the optically active component 20.The direction of the axis Ax of the optically active component depends on a lateral position in the spectacle lens 105 in such a way that - regardless of the position of the eye of a wearer of the spectacle lens 105 looking through the spectacle lens 105 - the direction of incidence of a principal ray of a light beam (or equivalently a light wave front) striking the optically active component 20 at the said position, which beam passes through the pupil of the eye and also strikes the preferred fixation locus of the retina (typically an individually different position in the fovea, and often its center), is as parallel as possible to the direction of the axis Ax of the optically active component at the said position of the spectacle lens 105. Such a light beam corresponds to the light used for central vision. The direction dependence of the optical function of a particle orThe direction of the optically active component 20 is at least a function of the angle between the propagation direction of the light incident on the optically active component 20 at a given position of the spectacle lens 105 and the direction of the axis Ax of the optically active component at this position. At small angles, the contribution of the direction-dependent optical function to the optical function of the spectacle lens is preferably designed such that the optical function of the spectacle lens 105 enables good imaging quality, and this deteriorates with increasing angles. It is advantageous if the direction-dependent optical function does not change significantly at small angles up to a predetermined threshold (e.g. 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°) and continuously approaches a predetermined value above this threshold.This allows for consistent image quality within a certain viewing angle range around the direction corresponding to sharpest vision, as well as gradually deteriorating image properties in peripheral vision, which is perceived as more pleasant than an abrupt change in image quality.

[0116] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a spectacle lens 105 according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention. The spectacle lens 105 has suitably segmented surfaces SO within the spectacle lens 105, which are perpendicular to the primary rays 13 or the principal rays of the light beams of central vision HSz for any viewing direction (or independently of a viewing direction). Secondary rays 15 or principal rays of the light beams of peripheral vision HSp do not strike the surfaces OS perpendicularly, regardless of the viewing direction. The more the principal rays deviate from the current viewing direction, the larger the angles they form with the surface normal. The light rays of a light beam that strike the center of the entrance pupil 40 are referred to as principal rays. The primary rays 13 orthe chief rays of central vision HSz at the primary ray intersection point 30, which corresponds in particular to the optical eye rotation point. Figure 5A shows a schematic representation of a front surface 7 of an exemplary spectacle lens 105 with a plurality of absorbers A on the front surface 7. Figure 5B shows a schematic representation of a rear surface 8 of an exemplary spectacle lens 105 with a plurality of absorbers A on the rear surface 8. In the examples shown, 2031 absorbers are arranged on the front surface (Figure 5A) and the rear surface (Figure 5B) of a 5 cm x 5 cm flat lens with a curvature of the front and rear surfaces of 0 dpt each, a refractive index of 1.49 (PMMA), and a thickness of 2 mm. The absorbers on the front and rear surfaces have a diameter of 0.44 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively.The position intended for the eye rotation point is marked with the lines on the edge of the lens and is located 30 mm from the back surface perpendicular to the lens 105. The positions of the absorbers were constructed using a bundle of chief rays passing through the optical eye rotation point, which has a quasi-crystalline arrangement with a mean distance of approximately 1.5° between adjacent rays and a random component of 0.2° standard deviation.

[0117] Figure 6A shows a schematic representation of a section through a spectacle lens 105 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention with an eye-side gaze deflection of 0°, wherein the section plane contains an eye rotation point and the pupil center. To illustrate the paths of primary rays 13 or principal rays of central vision HSz and secondary rays 15 or principal rays of peripheral vision HSp, an enlarged spectacle lens section 1 at an exemplary first viewing point in the effective range 10 of the spectacle lens 105 and an enlarged spectacle lens section 2 at an exemplary second viewing point in the effective range 10 of the spectacle lens 105 are shown on the left side of Figure 6A.

[0118] Figure 6B shows a schematic representation of the spectacle lens 105 of Figure 6A with an eye-side gaze deflection of 16.5°. To illustrate the paths of primary rays 13, or principal rays of central vision HSz, and secondary rays 15, or principal rays of peripheral vision HSp, an enlarged spectacle lens section 1 at the exemplary first visual point in the effective range 10 of the spectacle lens 105 and an enlarged spectacle lens section 2 at the exemplary second visual point in the effective range 10 of the spectacle lens 105 are shown on the left side of Figure 6B.

[0119] With a gaze deflection of 0° as can be seen from the entrance pupil 40 (see Figure 6A), the first visual point lies in the direction of gaze or on the fixation line, whereas with a gaze deflection of 16.5° as can be seen from the entrance pupil 40 (see Figure 6B), the second visual point lies in the direction of gaze or on the fixation line. Figures 6A and 6B particularly show that the segmented surfaces SO of the spectacle lens 105 and thus also the optically active elements of the spectacle lens 105 are each arranged in such a way that all primary rays 13 or all principal rays HSz of central vision impinge perpendicularly on the segmented surfaces SO of the spectacle lens 105 and thus run essentially parallel to the axes of the associated optically active elements. The secondary rays 15 or the principal rays HSp of peripheral vision, on the other hand, which, in contrast to the primary rays 15 orthe principal rays HSz of central vision do not essentially intersect at the primary ray intersection point 30 or optical eye rotation point (or which do not pass through the virtual intersection sphere 35 with the primary ray intersection point 30 or optical eye rotation point as the center), do not impinge perpendicularly on the segmented surfaces SO of the spectacle lens 105 and thus do not run parallel to the axes of the associated optically active elements. This is particularly evident at a gaze deflection of 0° (see Figure 6A) for the spectacle lens section 2 and at a gaze deflection of 16.5° (see Figure 6B) for the spectacle lens section 1. In this way, it can be achieved that the spectacle lens 105 has better central and poorer peripheral image quality regardless of the direction of gaze, which is desirable in order to inhibit myopia progression.

[0120] Figure 7 shows, for a spectacle lens that can be produced using the device or method described herein, the dependence of the angle between central and peripheral chief rays on the position in the spectacle lens 105 for a viewing direction of 0° and a viewing direction of 16.5°. In accordance with Figures 6A and 6B, a minimum angle is shown at those positions or viewing points of the spectacle lens 105 that are intersected by the respective viewing direction or fixation line. The viewing point represented by the spectacle lens section 1 in Figures 6A and 6B lies at position 0 in the spectacle lens, while the viewing point represented by the spectacle lens section 2 lies approximately at position -8.5 mm in the spectacle lens.

[0121] In particular, the deterioration in image quality is proportional to the sine of the angle ß between the primary rays (or principal rays of central vision) and the secondary rays (or principal rays of peripheral vision). For example, with highly absorbent microparticles oriented along the primary rays with a concentration c (number of particles per area) relative to the central viewing direction, an aspect ratio a (a > 1) and a cross-sectional area Q of the particles, an absorption of A = cQ(l + a sin ß) can be achieved. This shows that high aspect ratios, e.g. with a > 20 or a > 50 or even higher, are particularly advantageous in order to produce a sufficiently large change in image quality (e.g. darkening) between central and peripheral vision. This is possible, for example, with needle-shaped microparticles, which have a diameter of approximately 5 pm and a length of approximately 250 pm to 500 pm.By adjusting the particle concentration, a concentration suitable for inhibiting myopia progression can be used, producing, for example, a peripheral darkening of more than 5% at a visual field eccentricity of 10°. The optimal value for this can, of course, be determined by a professional through studies. In the example given, this would be 475 particles per mm. 2 The 5 pm x 250 pm particles are required to achieve a dimming of 5%. For a hexagonal arrangement, this corresponds to distances of approximately 50 pm between the centers of the particles.

[0122] List of reference symbols

[0123] 1 lens cutout at a first viewing point in the effective range

[0124] 2 Lens cutout at a second viewing point in the effective range

[0125] 7 Front surface of the lens 8 Back surface of the lens

[0126] 10 Scope

[0127] 13 Primary beam

[0128] 15 Secondary beam

[0129] 20 particles (optically active element)

[0130] 30 Primary ray intersection point (primary ray intersection area)

[0131] 35 Virtual cutting sphere

[0132] 40 entrance pupil

[0133] 50 Gaze direction / fixation line

[0134] 60 spool

[0135] 71 First magnetic field guide element

[0136] 72 Second magnetic field guide element

[0137] 75 Opening

[0138] 78 cavity

[0139] 80 lens holder

[0140] 100 ophthalmic lens precursor

[0141] 105 finished spectacle lenses to be manufactured

[0142] 110 varnish (layer)

[0143] 120 UV light source (exposure unit)

[0144] 200 device

[0145] A absorber (light-absorbing element)

[0146] AD eye rotation point (fixation line convergence area)

[0147] AD' virtual image of the eye rotation point

[0148] Axis

[0149] B Magnetic field line

[0150] B' extended magnetic field line

[0151] HSz main rays of light beams used for central vision

[0152] HSp Main rays of light beams used for peripheral vision

[0153] M1 center point

[0154] M2 center point

[0155] P point

[0156] SO segmented surface

Claims

Patent claims 1 . A method for producing a spectacle lens (105) for myopia control for an eye of a spectacle wearer in a specific use position of the spectacle lens (105) relative to an eye rotation point (AD) of the eye, comprising the steps: Providing a spectacle lens precursor (100) with a plurality of magnetically alignable particles (20) which, at least as a result of alignment in a magnetic field, have anisotropic light-absorbing and / or light-scattering properties such that their absorption and / or scattering when aligned in the magnetic field is minimum for light running parallel to the magnetic field lines at the location of the particles; and Aligning the plurality of particles (20) in a magnetic field whose field lines at the location of the particles assume directions which run through the virtual image (AD') of the eye pivot point (AD) generated by the rear surface (8) of the spectacle lens (105) to be produced in the position of use.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the magnetically alignable particles (20) are magnetic and / or magnetizable particles, preferably nano- or microparticles and in particular nano- or microparticles of iron oxide.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein providing a spectacle lens precursor (100) having a plurality of magnetically alignable particles (20) comprises applying a layer (110) having the plurality of magnetically alignable particles (20) to a spectacle lens body, wherein the layer (110) is preferably a curable layer.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the layer (110) is applied to the spectacle lens body with the aid of a casting mold and / or with the aid of at least one stamp in such a way that the layer (110) has a varying thickness.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the magnetic field has radially extending magnetic field lines in at least part of the volume occupied by the spectacle lens precursor (100), and / or wherein the magnetic field is generated by means of an electromagnet.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step: Fixing the alignment of the plurality of particles (20), wherein the fixing of the alignment of the plurality of particles (20) comprises in particular curing a layer on a spectacle lens body of the spectacle lens precursor, which layer has the plurality of particles (20), and wherein the curing of the layer is preferably carried out by irradiating the layer with UV light.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the layer (110) is additionally structured before curing or during curing.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step: Changing the absorption spectrum of the aligned particles (20) by chemically transforming the particles (20).

9. A device (200) for processing a spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor (100), comprising: a magnetic field device with a cavity (78) for generating a magnetic field with magnetic field lines extending radially in at least a portion of the cavity (78); and a movable spectacle lens holder (80) for holding and positioning the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor (100) within the magnetic field in the cavity (78).

10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic field device comprises an electromagnet with a coil (60), a first magnetic field guiding element (71) and a second magnetic field guiding element (72).

11. Device according to claim 10, wherein the first magnetic field guiding element (71) has an at least partially spherical inner surface (F1) with a first center point (M1), wherein the second magnetic field guiding element (72) has an at least partially spherical outer surface (F2) with a second center point (M2), and wherein the first magnetic field guiding element (71) can be arranged on the second magnetic field guiding element (72) in such a way that the first center point (M1) coincides with the second center point (M2) and the cavity (78) is formed between the first magnetic field guiding element (71) and the second magnetic field guiding element (72).

12. Device (200) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the coil (60) is arranged on the second magnetic field guiding element (72), and / or wherein the coil (60) surrounds a part of the second magnetic field guiding element (72).

13. Device (200) according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the first magnetic field guiding element (71) and the second magnetic field guiding element (72) are separable from one another in order to bring the device (200) into an open state and to attach the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor (100) to the spectacle lens holder (80) and / or to remove the spectacle lens or spectacle lens precursor (100) from the spectacle lens holder (80).

14. Device (200) according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the first magnetic field guiding element (71) has at least one opening (75) for passing through at least a part of the spectacle lens holder (80).

15. Use of a device (200) according to one of claims 9 to 14 for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 8.

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