Devices and methods of communication
The enhancement of sidelink relay through the transmission of measurement results and multi-hop related information allows for efficient path switching and failure handling, addressing the incompleteness of current implementations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/106041
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
Current implementations of sidelink relay in wireless communications are incomplete and require further development, particularly in supporting path switching towards multi-hop and handling failures during this process.
The method involves transmitting measurement results and multi-hop related information from a first UE to a base station, allowing the base station to indicate a path switch towards a second UE. This process includes determining the RRC state of the second UE and configuring it for connected state if necessary, to facilitate multi-hop sidelink relay.
This approach enhances the reliability and efficiency of sidelink relay by enabling successful path switching towards multi-hop configurations and effectively handling failures during the path switch process.
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Figure CN2024106041_30052025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS OF COMMUNICATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to devices and methods of communication for sidelink relay.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] Sidelink relay is introduced to support 5G proximity services (ProSe) UE-to-network relay (U2N) function to provide connectivity to the network for U2N remote UE. U2N relay UE may be layer-2 (L2) UE or layer-3 (L3) UE. The U2N remote UE may be L2 U2N remote UE or L3 U2N remote UE. Regarding L2 U2N relay UE, the U2N relay UE may be in a radio resource control (RRC) connected state to perform relaying of unicast data. In path switching case, a U2N relay UE in a RRC idle state, a RRC inactive state or a RRC connected state may be selected as target relay UE. Currently, implementations of sidelink relay are still incomplete and need to be further developed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, devices, processors, and systems that supports sidelink relay. By considering a path switch towards multi-hop and failure handling during the path switch, multi-hop sidelink relay may be enhanced.
[0005] In a first aspect, some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may comprise: transmitting, at a first UE and to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0006] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the second UE is in a connected state.
[0007] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the multi-hop related information further indicates at least one of the following: an identity of the second UE, an identity of a serving cell of the second UE, or a set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result.
[0008] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: receiving, from the base station, a configuration indicating whether the second UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported.
[0009] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: receiving, from the second UE, a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, the number of hops between the second UE and the base station, an identity of the third UE serving the second UE, the RRC state of the second UE, or the identity associated with the RRC state.
[0010] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state, determining that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state; in accordance with a determination that an identity associated with the inactive state is comprised in the discovery message, determining that the second UE is in the inactive state; or in accordance with a determination that an identity associated with a connected state is comprised in the discovery message, determining that the second UE is in the connected state.
[0011] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: receiving, from the second UE, a first message indicating a first failure during the path switch, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.
[0012] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the first failure comprises at least one of the following: a sidelink radio link failure (RLF) between the second UE and the third UE, or the second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.
[0013] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the second failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the third UE and the base station, a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE, a handover of the third UE, a relay reselection of the third UE, or the third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.
[0014] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the third failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station, a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE, a handover of the fourth UE, a relay reselection of the fourth UE, or a failure of establishment of a RRC connection.
[0015] In a second aspect, some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may comprise: transmitting, at a second UE, a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, number of hops between the second UE and a base station, an identity of a third UE serving the second UE, a RRC state of the second UE, or an identity associated with the RRC state.
[0016] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state, generating the discovery message that comprises the RRC state indicated as a non-connected state; in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an inactive state, generating the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the inactive state; or in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in a connected state, generating the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the connected state.
[0017] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of a first UE towards the second UE, the message comprising at least one of the following: a local identity (ID) of the first UE, a layer 2 (L2) ID of the first UE, a PC5 radio link control (RLC) channel configuration for a link between the first UE and the second UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first UE and the second UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE.
[0018] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: transmitting, to a first UE, a first message indicating a first failure during a path switch of the first UE towards the second UE, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.
[0019] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the first failure comprises at least one of the following: a sidelink RLF between the second UE and the third UE; or the second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.
[0020] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the second failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the third UE and the base station; a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE; a handover of the third UE; a relay reselection of the third UE; or the third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.
[0021] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the third failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station; a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE; a handover of the fourth UE; a relay reselection of the fourth UE; or a failure of establishment of a RRC connection.
[0022] In a third aspect, some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may comprise: receiving, at a base station and from a first UE, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0023] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the second UE is in a connected state.
[0024] In some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein, the multi-hop related information further indicates at least one of the following: an identity of the second UE, an identity of a serving cell of the second UE, or a set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result.
[0025] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: transmitting, to the first UE, a configuration indicating whether the second UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported.
[0026] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: transmitting, to the second UE, a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of the first UE, the message comprising at least one of the following: a local ID of the first UE, a L2 ID of the first UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the first UE and the second UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first UE and the second UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE.
[0027] Some implementations of the methods, devices and processors described herein may further comprise: transmitting, to the third UE, a further message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for the path switch of the first UE, the further message comprising at least one of the following: the local ID of the first UE, the L2 ID of the first UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the third UE and the fourth UE.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports sidelink relay in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0029] FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network that supports sidelink relay in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0030] FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network of a sidelink relay;
[0031] FIG. 2C illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network that supports sidelink relay in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating a process of communication that supports sidelink relay in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method of communication that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of another method of communication that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of another method of communication that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below. In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0040] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described. The term “embodiment” herein may be interchangeably used with “implementation” .
[0041] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatuses are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0042] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network (CN) 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as a long term evolution (LTE) network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as a new radio (NR) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0043] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0044] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, message, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0045] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0046] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the CN 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0047] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink (SL) . For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0048] A network entity 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0049] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0050] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0051] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0052] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0053] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-C, F1-U) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0054] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the CN 106.
[0055] The CN 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via a network entity 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106) .
[0056] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0057] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0058] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0059] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0060] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0061] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0062] In the context of the present disclosure, the term “proximity communication 5 (PC5) link” may be used interchangeably with PC5 interface, PC5 connection, PC5 unicast link, PC5-RRC connection, sidelink (SL) , SL unicast link, device-to-device (D2D) link, user-to-user link, UE-to-UE (U2U) link, or the like. The term “relay UE” may be used interchangeably with U2N relay UE, U2U relay UE, layer 2 (L2) relay UE, L2 U2N relay UE, L2 U2U relay UE, or the like. The term “relay UE ID” may be used interchangeably with link ID, path ID, L2 relay UE ID, hop ID, or the like.
[0063] A wireless communications system may include one or more devices, such as one or more base stations and / or one or more UEs. In some implementations, two different UEs may communicate with each other via a PC5 link, two different base stations may communicate with each other via an Xn link (or be called as an Xn interface) , and a UE and a base station may communicate with each via a Uu link (or be called as a Uu interface) .
[0064] Sidelink communication supports UE-to-UE direct communication using two transmission modes. Two sidelink resource allocation modes are supported, namely mode 1 and mode 2. In mode 1, the sidelink resource is scheduled by the base station. In mode 2, UE decides the SL transmission resources and timing in the resource pool based on the measurement result and sensing result.
[0065] Sidelink communication includes NR Sidelink communication and V2X Sidelink communication. FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network 210 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. Specifically, the communication network 210 demonstrates the NR Sidelink communication. The NG-RAN architecture supports the PC5 interface as illustrated in FIG. 2A. Sidelink transmission and reception over the PC5 interface are supported when the UE is inside NG-RAN coverage and when the UE is outside NG-RAN coverage.
[0066] As shown in FIG. 2A, a UE 211 may communicate with a base station via a relay UE. The base station may be a gNB 212 or an NG-eNB 213, and the relay UE may be a relay UE 214 or a relay UE 215. For example, the NG-eNB 213 may be an evolved long term evolution (eLTE) base station that supports an NG interface. In some embodiments, the sidelink transmission and reception over the PC5 link are supported when the UE 211 is inside next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) coverage, irrespective of which RRC state the UE is in, and also supported when the UE 211 is outside NG-RAN coverage.
[0067] Support of V2X services via the PC5 interface can be provided by NR sidelink communication and / or V2X sidelink communication. NR sidelink communication can support one of three types of transmission modes for a pair of a source L2 ID and a destination L2 ID: unicast transmission; groupcast transmission; and broadcast transmission.
[0068] For U2N coverage extension, Uu coverage reachability is necessary for UEs to reach server in PDN network or counterpart UE out of proximity area. However, a conventional solution on U2N relay is limited to evolved universal terrestrial radio access (EUTRA) -based technology, and thus cannot be applied to NR-based system, for both NG-RAN and NR-based sidelink communication.
[0069] Sidelink relay is introduced to support 5G ProSe U2N relay function to provide connectivity to the network for U2N remote UE. FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network 220 of a sidelink relay. The communication network 220 includes a remote UE 221 and a gNB 222 which are communicated via a relay UE 223. The remote UE 221, which is an out-of-coverage UE, accesses the gNB 222 via the relay UE 223. There is a RRC connection between the remote UE 221 and the gNB 222. For example, the remote UE 221 has a RRC state, such as a RRC idle state, a RRC inactive state, or a RRC connected state.
[0070] A single unicast link is established between one L2 U2N relay UE (e.g., the relay UE 223) and one L2 U2N remote UE (e.g., the remote UE 221) . The traffic of L2 U2N remote UE via a given L2 U2N relay UE and the traffic of the L2 U2N relay UE shall be separated in different Uu relay RLC channels. For L2 U2N relay, the U2N remote UE can only be configured to use resource allocation mode 2 for data to be relayed.
[0071] In some cases, two or more than two relay UEs are needed for a communication of a U2N remote UE. FIG. 2C illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication network 200 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 2C, a remote UE 230-1 is connected to the base station 235 via a relay UE 231-1 and a relay UE 232-3. As shown in FIG. 2C, a remote UE 230-2 is connected to the base station 235 via a relay UE 231-2, a relay UE 232-2, and the relay UE 232-3.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 2C, the relay UE 232-2 and the relay UE 232-3 are located in coverage of the base station 235, while the remote UE 230-1, the remote UE 230-2, the relay UE 231-1, and the relay UE 231-2 are out of the coverage of the base station 235.
[0073] For ease of description, the remote UE 230-1 and the remote UE 230-2 can be collectively or separately referred to as a remote UE 230. As illustrated, the remote UE 230 accesses the base station 235 via two or more relay UEs, i.e., via multiple relay UEs or multi-hop. For example, the number of the multiple relay UEs is larger than or equals to 2.
[0074] For ease of description, the relay UE 231-1 and the relay UE 231-2 can be collectively or separately referred to as a first relay UE 231. The first relay UE 231 has a PC5 connection with the remote UE 230, that is, the first relay UE 231 may be regarded one of the multiple relay UEs that is closest to the remote UE 230. In some examples, the first relay UE 231 may also be called as the first hop relay UE, the first hop UE, or the like, and the present disclosure does not limit this aspect.
[0075] In some examples, a relay UE in the multiple relay UEs which is closest to the base station 235 may be called as a last relay UE, a last hop relay UE, a last hop UE, such as the relay UE 232-3 in FIG. 2C. The last relay UE 232-3 has a Uu connection (i.e., a direct path) with the base station 235.
[0076] In some examples, the relay UE 232-2 can be referred to as an intermediate relay UE. In some other examples, the relay UE 232-2 and the relay UE 232-3 can be collectively or separately referred to as an intermediate relay UE.
[0077] In some examples, the remote UE 230 accesses the base station 235 via multiple relay UEs (such as N relay UEs, N is an integer and N≥2) which may include a first relay UE, a second relay UE, …, and a N-th relay UE. For example, there are the first relay UE to the (i-1) -th relay UE between the remote UE and the i-the relay UE, and there are the (i+1) -th relay UE to the N-th relay UE between the i-th relay UE and the base station. With reference to FIG. 2C, for the remote UE 230-1, the relay UE 231-1 is a first relay UE and the relay UE 232-3 is a second relay UE. For the remote UE 230-2, the relay UE 231-2 is the first relay UE, the relay UE 232-2 is a second relay UE, and the relay UE 232-3 is a third relay UE.
[0078] In the present disclosure, terms “child relay UE” and “parent relay UE” may be used. In some examples, among the multiple relay UEs between a remote UE and a base station, a child relay UE is closer to the remote UE than the parent relay UE, in other words, a parent relay UE is closer to the base station than the child relay UE.
[0079] With reference to FIG. 2C, the first relay UE 231-2 is a child relay UE of the second relay UE 232-2, and the second relay UE 232-2 is a parent relay UE of the first relay UE 231-2. The relay UE 232-3 is a parent relay UE of both the relay UE 232-2 and the relay UE 231-1, that is, the relay UE 232-2 and the relay UE 231-1 are child relay UEs of the relay UE 232-3.
[0080] It is to be noted that a relay UE can act as both the “child relay UE” and “parent relay UE” , for example, the relay UE 232-2 is a parent relay UE of the relay UE 231-2 and is also a child relay UE of the relay UE 232-3.
[0081] In the present disclosure, a term “serve” may be used for representing a relation of two different UEs. In some examples, a UE is served by another UE which is closer to the base station. With reference to FIG. 2C, the remote UE 230-2 is served by the first relay UE 231-2, the first relay UE 231-2 is served by the relay UE 232-2, and the relay UE 232-2 is served by the relay UE 232-3. Similarly, the remote UE 230-1 is served by the first relay UE 231-1, which is served by the relay UE 232-3. It is to be understood that there may be one or multiple remote UEs served by a same relay UE, and there may be one or multiple relay UEs served by a same parent relay UE.
[0082] It is to be understood that the number of devices in FIG. 2C is given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations to the present disclosure. For example, there may be more relay UEs between the remote UE 230 and the base station 235. For example, there may be another remote UE served by the first relay UE 231-1 or 231-2. For example, the relay UE 232-2 may be out of the coverage. For example, the relay UE 231-1 may be in the coverage.
[0083] In some scenarios, a remote UE may perform a path switch from a direct path with a base station to an indirect path via two or more than two relay UEs. For example, with reference to FIG. 2C, the remote UE 230-1 may be switched from being directly communicated with the base station 235 to being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via the relay UEs 231-1 and 232-3. The remote UE 230-2 may be switched from being directly communicated with the base station 235 to being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via the relay UEs 231-2, 232-2 and 232-3.
[0084] In some scenarios, a remote UE may perform a path switch from an indirect path with a base station via one or more than one relay UEs to another indirect path via two or more than two relay UEs. For example, the remote UE 230-1 may be switched from being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via one or more relay UEs (not shown) to being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via the relay UEs 231-1 and 232-3. The remote UE 230-2 may be switched from being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via one or more relay UEs (not shown) to being indirectly communicated with the base station 235 via the relay UEs 231-2, 232-2 and 232-3.
[0085] For these scenarios, how to perform the path switch towards multi-hop needs to be developed.
[0086] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution of communication for the path switch. In the solution, a remote UE may transmit, to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the remote UE and a set of relay UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of relay UEs in the set of relay UEs. Based on the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information, the base station may transmit, to the remote UE, a message indicating a path switch towards a relay UE in the subset of relay UEs. In this way, a path switch towards multi-hop may be carried out. The solution will be detailed in connection with FIG. 3 below.
[0087] For convenience, the term “first UE” herein may be used to refer to a remote UE, the term “second UE” herein may be used to refer to a first relay UE serving the remote UE, the term “third UE” herein may be used to refer to a second relay UE serving the first relay UE, the term “fourth UE” herein may be used to refer to a third relay UE serving the second relay UE, and the term “fifth UE” herein may be used to refer to a fourth relay UE serving the third relay UE.
[0088] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating a process 300 of communication that supports sidelink relay in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 300 may involve the remote UE 230-2, the first relay UE 231-2, the second relay UE 232-2, the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235 as shown in FIG. 2C. It is assumed that the remote UE 230-2 initially accesses the base station 235 in a direct path or in an indirect path via one or more relay UEs (not shown) .
[0089] As shown in FIG. 3, the base station 235 may configure 310 a measurement configuration to a remote UE (also referred to as a first UE herein, e.g., the remote UE 230-2) , e.g., via a source link (e.g., the direct path or the indirect path) . In some embodiments, the base station 235 may transmit, to the remote UE 230-2, a configuration (for convenience, also referred to as a first configuration herein) indicating whether a candidate relay UE (also referred to as a second UE herein) in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported. That is, it is configurable for whether a candidate relay UE with idle or inactive state is included in a measurement report. In some embodiments, the first configuration may be transmitted separately from the measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the first configuration may be transmitted with the measurement configuration.
[0090] Based on the measurement configuration, the remote UE 230-2 may perform a sidelink measurement on a set of sidelinks between the remote UE 230-2 and a set of candidate relay UEs (also referred to as second UEs herein) . For convenience, only the first relay UE 231-2 is shown as an example of the set of candidate relay UEs.
[0091] As shown in FIG. 3, the remote UE 230-2 may receive 320 a set of discovery messages from the set of candidate relay UEs (e.g., the first relay UE 231-2) , and perform the sidelink measurement based on the set of discovery messages. It is to be understood that although only the first relay UE 231-2 is shown here, the remote UE 230-2 may receive multiple discovery messages from multiple candidate relay UEs. In some embodiments, a discovery message from a candidate relay UE may comprise multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE.
[0092] In some embodiments, a discovery message from a candidate relay UE may comprise an indication indicating whether the candidate relay UE supports an access of a relay UE, i.e., whether the candidate relay UE allows a child relay UE to access.
[0093] In some embodiments, the discovery message from the candidate relay UE may comprise number of hops between the candidate relay UE and the base station 235.
[0094] In some embodiments, the discovery message from the candidate relay UE may comprise an identity of a parent relay UE (also referred to as a third UE herein) serving the candidate relay UE.
[0095] In some embodiments, the discovery message from the candidate relay UE may comprise a RRC state of the candidate relay UE. In some embodiments, the RRC state may indicate a connected state or a non-connected state. In some embodiments, the RRC state may indicate an idle state, an inactive state, or a connected state.
[0096] In some embodiments, the discovery message from the candidate relay UE may comprise an identity associated with the RRC state. For example, the identity associated with the inactive state may be an inactive-radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) . In another example, the identity associated with the connected state may be a cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) .
[0097] It is to be noted that the discovery message may comprise any combinations of the above information or any other suitable information.
[0098] In some embodiments, if the candidate relay UE (e.g., the first relay UE 231-2) is in an idle state or inactive state, the candidate relay UE may generate the discovery message that comprises the RRC state indicated as a non-connected state. In some embodiments, if the candidate relay UE (e.g., the first relay UE 231-2) is in an inactive state, the candidate relay UE may generate the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the inactive state (e.g., I-RNTI) . In some embodiments, if the candidate relay UE (e.g., the relay UE 231-2) is in a connected state, the candidate relay UE may generate the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the connected state (e.g., C-RNTI) .
[0099] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3, the remote UE 230-2 may transmit or report 330, to the base station 235, information of a measurement result on the set of sidelinks. For example, the remote UE 230-2 may transmit, to the base station 235, a measurement report message comprising the information of the measurement result. It is to be noted that any other suitable messages may also be feasible. For example, the remote UE 230-2 may report one or multiple candidate relay UEs (also referred to as a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs herein) and a sidelink measurement to the base station 235, after the remote UE 230-2 measures or discovers the set of candidate relay UEs. In some embodiments, if the source link is the indirect path, a sidelink measurement between the remote UE and a source relay UE (not shown) may also be reported.
[0100] As shown in FIG. 3, the remote UE 230-2 may also transmit or report 335, to the base station 235, multi-hop related information of a candidate relay UE in the reported one or multiple candidate relay UEs. In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information may be transmitted together with the information of the measurement result. For example, the multi-hop related information may be comprised in a measurement report message comprising the information of the measurement result. In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information may be transmitted separately from the information of the measurement result. For example, the multi-hop related information may be comprised in a UE assistance information message. It is to be noted that any other suitable messages may also be feasible, and the present disclosure does not limit this aspect.
[0101] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE may indicate a parent relay UE (i.e., the third UE) serving the candidate relay UE. In some embodiments, if a candidate relay UE is idle or inactive and is determined as a target relay UE, the base station 235 may find this relay UE based on its parent relay UE, and configure this relay UE to enter into a connected state before transmitting a path switch command to the remote UE 230-2. In some embodiments, if the parent relay UE of the candidate relay UE is reported and is in a connected state, the base station 235 may transmit an indication to the parent relay UE. Contents of the indication may be the same as that in a paging message, for example, including a UE ID, or paging UE ID (e.g., ng-5G-S-TMSI, or I-RNTI) . Then, the parent relay UE may request the candidate relay UE to transit into a connected state via a PC5 link.
[0102] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE may indicate number of hops between the candidate relay UE and the base station 235. Regarding a candidate relay UE in an idle or inactive state, the base station 235 is not aware of hop number of the candidate relay UE. With the report of the hop number of the candidate relay UE, an accurate selection of a relay UE may be facilitated.
[0103] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE may indicate a RRC state of the candidate relay UE. In some embodiments, for a candidate relay UE in the reported one or multiple candidate relay UEs, the information of the measurement result may indicate an identity associated with the RRC state.
[0104] In some embodiments, if the RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state, the base station 235 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an idle or inactive state. In some embodiments, if the identity associated with the inactive state (e.g., I-RNTI) is indicated, the base station 235 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an inactive state. In some embodiments, if an identity associated with a connected state (e.g., C-RNTI) is indicated, the base station 235 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in a connected state. In some embodiments, if the RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state and no identity associated with the inactive state (e.g., I-RNTI) is indicated, the base station 235 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an idle state.
[0105] It is helpful for the base station 235 to know a candidate relay UE in an idle or inactive state. If the candidate relay UE in the idle or inactive state is determined as a target relay UE, the base station 235 may need to configure the candidate relay UE to a connected state. In some embodiments, if the candidate relay UE is in an idle state, the base station 235 may coordinate with a core network. If the candidate relay UE is an inactive relay UE, the base station 235 may coordinate with a last serving base station.
[0106] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE may indicate an indication of whether the candidate relay UE is related to multi-hop. With the report of this information, an efficient selection of a relay UE may be facilitated.
[0107] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information of the candidate relay UE may indicate an indication of whether the remote UE 230-2 supports serving as a relay UE, i.e., whether the remote UE 230-2 allows a child relay UE to access. The remote UE 230-2 may act as a relay UE after a path switch.
[0108] In some embodiments, the reporting of the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information may be configured only for a candidate relay UE in a connected state. For example, the base station 235 may transmit, to the remote UE 230-2, a configuration indicating that a candidate relay UE in an idle or inactive state is not allowed to be reported. In this case, the remote UE 230-2 may report the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information only for a candidate relay UE in a connected state, and does not report the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information for a candidate relay UE in an idle or inactive state.
[0109] In some embodiments, if a RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state in a discovery message from a candidate relay UE, the remote UE 230-2 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an idle or inactive state. In some embodiments, if an identity associated with an inactive state (e.g., I-RNTI) is comprised in a discovery message from a candidate relay UE, the remote UE 230-2 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an inactive state. In some embodiments, if an identity associated with a connected state (e.g., C-RNTI) is comprised in a discovery message from a candidate relay UE, the remote UE 230-2 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in a connected state. In some embodiments, if a RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state and no identity associated with an inactive state (e.g., I-RNTI) is comprised in a discovery message from a candidate relay UE, the remote UE 230-2 may determine that the candidate relay UE is in an idle state. In this way, the remote UE 230-2 may know a RRC state of a candidate relay UE from a discovery message of the candidate relay UE.
[0110] In some embodiments where the reporting of the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information is configured only for a candidate relay UE in a connected state, besides the above multi-hop related information, the multi-hop related information may further indicate at least one of the following: an identity of the candidate relay UE in the connected state; an identity of a serving cell of the candidate relay UE in the connected state; or a set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result. With the report only for a candidate relay UE in a connected state, an efficient selection of a relay UE may be facilitated. For example, a base station may be aware of reported candidate relay UEs since they are in a connected state. In addition, it may be avoided that a base station maintains association between a reported candidate relay UE ID and a network allocated ID.
[0111] Based on the information of the measurement result and the multi-hop related information reported by the remote UE 230-2, the base station 235 may determine a target relay UE from the reported one or multiple candidate relay UEs. It is assumed that the target relay UE is related to multi-hop. In this example, the target relay UE is the first relay UE 231-2, and the multi-hop of the target relay UE also involves the second relay UE 232-2 and the last relay UE 232-3.
[0112] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3, the base station 235 may transmit 340 a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of the first UE to all the relay UEs involved in the multi-hop, i.e., the first relay UE 231-2, the second relay UE 232-2 and the last relay UE 232-3.
[0113] As shown in FIG. 3, the base station 235 may transmit 341 a first RRC reconfiguration message to the first relay UE 231-2. The first RRC reconfiguration message may comprise at least one of the following: a local ID of the remote UE 230-2; a L2 ID of the remote UE 230-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the remote UE 230-2 and the first relay UE 231-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the first relay UE 231-2 and a parent relay UE of the first relay UE 231-2 (i.e., the second relay UE 232-2) ; a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the remote UE 230-2 and the first relay UE 231-2; or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first relay UE 231-2 and a parent relay UE of the first relay UE 231-2 (i.e., the second relay UE 232-2) .
[0114] As shown in FIG. 3, the base station 235 may transmit 342 a second RRC reconfiguration message to the second relay UE 232-2. The second RRC reconfiguration message may comprise at least one of the following: a local ID of the remote UE 230-2; a L2 ID of the remote UE 230-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second relay UE 232-2 and the first relay UE 231-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second relay UE 232-2 and a parent relay UE of the second relay UE 232-2 (i.e., the last relay UE 232-3) ; a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second relay UE 232-2 and the first relay UE 231-2; or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second relay UE 232-2 and a parent relay UE of the second relay UE 232-2 (i.e., the last relay UE 232-3) .
[0115] As shown in FIG. 3, the base station 235 may transmit 343 a third RRC reconfiguration message to the last relay UE 232-3. The third RRC reconfiguration message may comprise at least one of the following: a local ID of the remote UE 230-2; a L2 ID of the remote UE 230-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second relay UE 232-2 and the last relay UE 232-3; or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second relay UE 232-2 and the last relay UE 232-3. The PC5 RLC channel configuration and bearer mapping configuration are used for data transmission and reception related to the remote UE 230-2.
[0116] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3, the base station 235 may transmit 350, to the remote UE 230-2, a message indicating the path switch towards the first relay UE 231-2. In some embodiments, the base station 235 may transmit a fourth RRC reconfiguration message to the remote UE 230-2. The fourth RRC reconfiguration message may comprise at least one of the following: an identity of the first relay UE 231-2; a local ID of the remote UE 230-2; a PC5 RLC channel configuration for relay traffic; or one or more associated end-to-end radio bearers.
[0117] In some embodiments, the remote UE 230-2 may stop user plane (UP) and control plane (CP) transmission over the source path after reception of the fourth RRC reconfiguration message from the base station 235. In some embodiments, the remote UE 230-2 may establish a PC5-RRC connection with the first relay UE 231-2. In some embodiments, the remote UE 230-2 may transmit a RRC reconfiguration complete message to the base station 235 via the relay UEs among the multi-hop of the target path.
[0118] In some embodiments where the source path is an indirect path involving a source relay UE (not shown) , the base station may transmit a RRC reconfiguration message to the source relay UE to reconfigure a connection between the source relay UE and the base station 235. So far, a data path may be switched from the source path to the target path of the multi-hop between the remote UE 230-2 and the base station 235.
[0119] In some scenarios, a failure may occur during the path switch. Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a solution of handling the failure. For convenience, the solution will be described in connection with FIG. 3 below.
[0120] As shown in FIG. 3, the remote UE 230-2 may receive 360, from the first relay UE 231-2, a first message indicating a first failure during the path switch, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the remote UE 230-2 and the first relay UE 231-2. In some embodiments, upon reception of the fourth RRC reconfiguration message for the path switch, the remote UE 230-2 may start a timer (e.g., T420) for the path switch. The remote UE 230-2 may receive the first or second message during running of the timer. In some embodiments, the first message may be a notification message or any other suitable messages. In some embodiments, the second message may be a PC5-S release message or any other suitable messages.
[0121] In some embodiments, the first failure may comprise a sidelink RLF between the first relay UE 231-2 and a parent relay UE of the first relay UE 231-2 (i.e., the second relay UE 232-2) . In other words, the remote UE 230-2 may receive the notification message from the target relay UE due to the sidelink RLF between the target relay UE and its parent relay UE during the path switch. Alternatively, the remote UE 230-2 may receive the PC5-S release message from the target relay UE.
[0122] In some embodiments, the remote UE 230-2 may receive the notification message from the first relay UE 231-2 due to relay reselection of the first relay UE 231-2 during the path switch if an idle / inactive relay UE is allowed to perform cell / relay reselection before establishment. For example, only the cell change due to relay reselection will trigger a transmission of the notification message.
[0123] With reference to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the first relay UE 231-2 may receive 370, from the second relay UE 232-2, a third message indicating a second failure, or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the first relay UE 231-2 and the second relay UE 232-2. In this case, the first failure may comprise that the first relay UE 231-2 receives the third or fourth message from the second relay UE 232-2. In some embodiments, the third message may be a notification message or any other suitable messages. In some embodiments, the fourth message may be a PC5-S release message or any other suitable messages.
[0124] In some embodiments, the second failure may comprise a sidelink RLF between the second relay UE 232-2 and a parent relay UE (i.e., the last relay UE 232-3) of the second relay UE 232-2 if there is an indirect path between the second relay UE 232-2 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the second failure may comprise a cell / relay reselection of the second relay UE 232-2 if there is an indirect path between the second relay UE 232-2 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the second failure may comprise a RLF between the second relay UE 232-2 and the base station 235 if there is a direct path between the second relay UE 232-2 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the second failure may comprise a handover of the second relay UE 232-2 if there is a direct path between the second relay UE 232-2 and the base station 235.
[0125] With reference to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the second relay UE 232-2 may receive 380, from the last relay UE 232-3, a fifth message indicating a third failure, or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second relay UE 232-2 and the last relay UE 232-3. In this case, the second failure may comprise that the second relay UE 232-2 receives the fifth or sixth message from the last relay UE 232-3. In some embodiments, the fifth message may be a notification message or any other suitable messages. In some embodiments, the sixth message may be a PC5-S release message or any other suitable messages.
[0126] In some embodiments, the third failure may comprise a sidelink RLF between the last relay UE 232-3 and a parent relay UE of the last relay UE 232-3 if there is an indirect path between the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the second failure may comprise a cell / relay reselection of the last relay UE 232-3 if there is an indirect path between the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the third failure may comprise a RLF between the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235 if there is a direct path between the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the third failure may comprise a handover of the last relay UE 232-3 if there is a direct path between the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235. In some embodiments, the third failure may comprise a failure of establishment of a RRC connection, e.g., between the remote UE 230-2 and the base station 235.
[0127] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3, upon reception of the first or second message, the remote UE 230-2 may perform 390 a re-establishment procedure. In some embodiments, the remote UE 230-2 may stop the timer (e.g., T420) for the path switch.
[0128] With the process 300, a path switch toward multi-hop may be carried out. It is to be noted that operations described in the process 300 may be carried out separately or in any suitable combinations. It is to be understood that the process 300 may be similarly applied to a scenario of a target link involving the remote UE 230-1, the first relay UE 231-1, the last relay UE 232-3 and the base station 235 as shown in FIG. 2C, or other scenarios of multi-hop target links different from that shown in FIG. 2C. The present disclosure does not limit this aspect.
[0129] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device 400 that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 400 may be an example of a UE (e.g., a remote UE or a relay UE) or a base station as described herein. The device 400 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities, UEs, or any combination thereof. The device 400 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 402, a memory 404, a transceiver 406, and, optionally, an I / O controller 408. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0130] The processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0131] In some implementations, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 402 and the memory 404 coupled with the processor 402 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 402, instructions stored in the memory 404) .
[0132] For example, the processor 402 may support wireless communication at the device 400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some embodiments where the device 400 is used to implement a first UE (e.g., the remote UE 230) , the processor 402 may be configured to operable to support a means for: transmitting, to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0133] In some embodiments where the device 400 is used to implement a second UE (e.g., the first relay UE 231) , the processor 402 may be configured to operable to support a means for: transmitting a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, number of hops between the second UE and a base station, an identity of a third UE serving the second UE, a RRC state of the second UE, or an identity associated with the RRC state.
[0134] In some embodiments where the device 400 is used to implement a base station (e.g., the base station 235) , the processor 402 may be configured to operable to support a means for: receiving, from a first UE, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0135] The processor 402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 402 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 402. The processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 404) to cause the device 400 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0136] The memory 404 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 402 cause the device 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 402 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 404 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0137] The I / O controller 408 may manage input and output signals for the device 400. The I / O controller 408 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 400. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 406. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 400 via the I / O controller 408 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 408.
[0138] In some implementations, the device 400 may include a single antenna 410. However, in some other implementations, the device 400 may have more than one antenna 410 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 406 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 410, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 406 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 406 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 410 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 410. The transceiver 406 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0139] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 410 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0140] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 410 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0141] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor 500 that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 500 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may include a controller 502 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may optionally include at least one memory 504, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 500 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 506. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0142] The processor 500 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0143] The controller 502 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 502 may operate as a control unit of the processor 500, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 500. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0144] The controller 502 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 504 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 502 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 504. The controller 502 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 502 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 502 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 500. The controller 502 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 500.
[0145] The memory 504 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 500 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 504 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the memory 504 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 500) .
[0146] The memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 500, cause the processor 500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 502 and / or the processor 500 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 504 to cause the processor 500 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 500 and / or the controller 502 may be coupled with or to the memory 504, and the processor 500, the controller 502, and the memory 504 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 500 may include multiple processors and the memory 504 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0147] The one or more ALUs 506 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . One or more ALUs 506 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 506 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 506 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 506 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 506 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0148] The processor 500 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some embodiments where the processor 500 is implemented at a first UE (e.g., the remote UE 230) , the processor 500 may be configured to operable to support a means for: transmitting, to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0149] In some embodiments where the processor 500 is implemented at a second UE (e.g., the first relay UE 231) , the processor 500 may be configured to operable to support a means for: transmitting a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, number of hops between the second UE and a base station, an identity of a third UE serving the second UE, a RRC state of the second UE, or an identity associated with the RRC state.
[0150] In some embodiments where the processor 500 is implemented at a base station (e.g., the base station 235) , the processor 500 may be configured to operable to support a means for: receiving, from a first UE, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, the multi-hop related information indicating at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0151] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 600 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 600 may be performed by the first UE as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0152] At block 601, the method 600 may include transmitting, at a first UE and to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs. The operations of 601 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 601 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0153] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information may indicate at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE.
[0154] In some embodiments, the second UE is in a connected state. In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information further indicates at least one of the following: an identity of the second UE, an identity of a serving cell of the second UE, or a set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result.
[0155] In some embodiments, the method 600 may further comprise: receiving, from the base station, a configuration indicating whether the second UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported.
[0156] In some embodiments, the method 600 may further comprise: receiving, from the second UE, a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, the number of hops between the second UE and the base station, an identity of the third UE serving the second UE, the RRC state of the second UE, or the identity associated with the RRC state.
[0157] In some embodiments, the method 600 may further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state, determining that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state; in accordance with a determination that an identity associated with the inactive state is comprised in the discovery message, determining that the second UE is in the inactive state; or in accordance with a determination that an identity associated with a connected state is comprised in the discovery message, determining that the second UE is in the connected state.
[0158] At block 602, the method 600 may include receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE. The one or more than one relay UE at least comprises the second UE. The operations of 602 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 602 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0159] In some embodiments, the method 600 may further comprise: receiving, from the second UE, a first message indicating a first failure during the path switch, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.
[0160] In some embodiments, the first failure comprises at least one of the following: a sidelink RLF between the second UE and the third UE, or the second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.
[0161] In some embodiments, the second failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the third UE and the base station, a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE, a handover of the third UE, a relay reselection of the third UE, or the third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.
[0162] In some embodiments, the third failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station, a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE, a handover of the fourth UE, a relay reselection of the fourth UE, or a failure of establishment of a RRC connection.
[0163] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of another method 700 that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 700 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 700 may be performed by the second UE described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0164] At block 701, the method 700 may include transmitting, at a second UE, a discovery message comprising at least one of the following: an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE, number of hops between the second UE and a base station, an identity of a third UE serving the second UE, a RRC state of the second UE, or an identity associated with the RRC state. The operations of 701 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 701 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0165] In some embodiments, the method 700 may further comprise: in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state, generating the discovery message that comprises the RRC state indicated as a non-connected state; in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an inactive state, generating the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the inactive state; or in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in a connected state, generating the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the connected state.
[0166] In some embodiments, the method 700 may further comprise: receiving, from the base station, a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of a first UE towards the second UE, the message comprising at least one of the following: a local ID of the first UE, a L2 ID of the first UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the first UE and the second UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first UE and the second UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE.
[0167] In some embodiments, the method 700 may further comprise: transmitting, to a first UE, a first message indicating a first failure during a path switch of the first UE towards the second UE, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.
[0168] In some embodiments, the first failure comprises at least one of the following: a sidelink RLF between the second UE and the third UE; or the second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.
[0169] In some embodiments, the second failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the third UE and the base station; a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE; a handover of the third UE; a relay reselection of the third UE; or the third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.
[0170] In some embodiments, the third failure comprises at least one of the following: a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station; a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE; a handover of the fourth UE; a relay reselection of the fourth UE; or a failure of establishment of a RRC connection.
[0171] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of another method 800 that supports sidelink relay in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 800 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 800 may be performed by a base station (e.g., the base station 235) as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0172] At block 801, the method 800 may include receiving, at a base station and from a first UE, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs. The operations of 801 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 801 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0173] In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information indicates at least one of the following: a third UE serving a second UE in the subset of second UEs, number of hops between the second UE and the base station, a RRC state of the second UE, an identity associated with the RRC state, an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, or an indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE; and transmitting, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE.
[0174] In some embodiments, the second UE is in a connected state. In some embodiments, the multi-hop related information further indicates at least one of the following: an identity of the second UE, an identity of a serving cell of the second UE, or a set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result.
[0175] In some embodiments, the method 800 may further comprise: transmitting, to the first UE, a configuration indicating whether the second UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported.
[0176] At block 802, the method 800 may include transmitting, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards the second UE. The operations of 802 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 802 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0177] In some embodiments, the method 800 may further comprise: transmitting, to the second UE, a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of the first UE, the message comprising at least one of the following: a local ID of the first UE, a L2 ID of the first UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the first UE and the second UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first UE and the second UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE.
[0178] In some embodiments, the method 800 may further comprise: transmitting, to the third UE, a further message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for the path switch of the first UE, the further message comprising at least one of the following: the local ID of the first UE, the L2 ID of the first UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE, a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE, a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE, or a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the third UE and the fourth UE.
[0179] It is to be understood that operations of the methods 600 to 800 correspond to the process described in connection with FIG. 3, and thus other details are omitted here for conciseness.
[0180] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0181] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0182] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0183] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0184] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0185] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first user equipment (UE) , comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs, andreceive, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards a second UE in the subset of second UEs.2.The first UE of claim 1, wherein the multi-hop related information indicates at least one of the following:a third UE serving the second UE,number of hops between the second UE and the base station,a radio resource control (RRC) state of the second UE,an identity associated with the RRC state,an indication of whether the second UE is related to multi-hop, oran indication of whether the first UE supports serving as a relay UE.3.The first UE of claim 1, wherein the second UE is in a connected state.4.The first UE of claim 3, wherein the multi-hop related information indicates at least one of the following:an identity of the second UE,an identity of a serving cell of the second UE, ora set of measurement quantities associated with the measurement result.5.The first UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the base station, a configuration indicating whether a second UE in an idle or inactive state is allowed to be reported.6.The first UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the second UE, a discovery message comprising at least one of the following:an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE,the number of hops between the second UE and the base station,an identity of the third UE serving the second UE,a radio resource control (RRC) state of the second UE, orthe identity associated with the RRC state.7.The first UE of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to:in accordance with a determination that the RRC state is indicated as a non-connected state, determine that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state;in accordance with a determination that an identity associated with the inactive state is comprised in the discovery message, determine that the second UE is in the inactive state; orin accordance with a determination that an identity associated with a connected state is comprised in the discovery message, determine that the second UE is in the connected state.8.The first UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the second UE, a first message indicating a first failure during the path switch, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.9.The first UE of claim 8, wherein the first failure comprises at least one of the following:a sidelink radio link failure (RLF) between the second UE and a third UE serving the second UE, orthe second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.10.The first UE of claim 9, wherein the second failure comprises at least one of the following:a RLF between the third UE and the base station,a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE,a handover of the third UE,a relay reselection of the third UE, orthe third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.11.The first UE of claim 10, wherein the third failure comprises at least one of the following:a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station,a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE,a handover of the fourth UE,a relay reselection of the fourth UE, ora failure of establishment of a RRC connection.12.A second user equipment (UE) , comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:transmit a discovery message comprising at least one of the following:an indication indicating whether the second UE supports an access of a relay UE,number of hops between the second UE and a base station,an identity of a third UE serving the second UE,a radio resource control (RRC) state of the second UE, oran identity associated with the RRC state.13.The second UE of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an idle state or inactive state, generate the discovery message that comprises the RRC state indicated as a non-connected state;in accordance with a determination that the second UE is in an inactive state, generate the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the inactive state; orin accordance with a determination that the second UE is in a connected state, generate the discovery message that comprises an identity associated with the connected state.14.The second UE of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the base station, a message indicating a RRC reconfiguration for a path switch of a first UE towards the second UE, the message comprising at least one of the following:a local identity (ID) of the first UE,a layer 2 (L2) ID of the first UE,a PC5 radio link control (RLC) channel configuration for a link between the first UE and the second UE,a PC5 RLC channel configuration for a link between the second UE and the third UE,a bearer mapping configuration for the link between the first UE and the second UE, ora bearer mapping configuration for the link between the second UE and the third UE.15.The second UE of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to a first UE, a first message indicating a first failure during a path switch of the first UE towards the second UE, or a second message for releasing a PC5 connection between the first UE and the second UE.16.The second UE of claim 15, wherein the first failure comprises at least one of the following:a sidelink radio link failure (RLF) between the second UE and the third UE, orthe second UE receives, from the third UE, a third message indicating a second failure or a fourth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the second UE and the third UE.17.The second UE of claim 16, wherein the second failure comprises at least one of the following:a RLF between the third UE and the base station,a sidelink RLF between the third UE and a fourth UE serving the third UE,a handover of the third UE,a relay reselection of the third UE, orthe third UE receives, from the fourth UE, a fifth message indicating a third failure or a sixth message for releasing a PC5-S connection between the third UE and the fourth UE.18.The second UE of claim 17, wherein the third failure comprises at least one of the following:a RLF between the fourth UE and the base station,a sidelink RLF between the fourth UE and a fifth UE serving the fourth UE,a handover of the fourth UE,a relay reselection of the fourth UE, ora failure of establishment of a RRC connection.19.A base station, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, from a first user equipment (UE) , information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs; andtransmit, to the first UE, a message indicating a path switch towards a second UE in the subset of second UEs.20.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:transmit, to a base station, information of a measurement result on a set of sidelinks between the first UE and a set of second UEs, and multi-hop related information of a subset of second UEs in the set of second UEs; andreceive, from the base station, a message indicating a path switch towards a second UE in the subset of second UEs.
Citation Information
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