Multi-user communication in ambient internet-of-things systems
The introduction of multi-user communication protocols within ambient IoT systems addresses the limitations of existing IoT technologies by enabling efficient and reliable communication in harsh environments, supporting low-cost, low-power, and compact IoT devices.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/134886
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing IoT technologies struggle to meet communication needs in harsh environments, require extremely small terminal forms, and demand extremely low-cost IoT communication, which current systems are unable to fulfill effectively.
The development of multi-user communication methods and protocols within ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) systems, which include network management functions that support robust and efficient communication by managing interfaces, registrations, connections, location services, authentication, security, charging, and group communication for IoT devices.
Enables reliable and efficient multi-user communication in challenging IoT environments, supporting low-power, low-cost, and compact IoT devices while ensuring robust network management and service delivery.
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Figure CN2023134886_05062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MULTI-USER COMMUNICATION IN AMBIENT INTERNET-OF-THINGS SYSTEMSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure is directed generally to digital wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless system, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-A wireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data-rates, large number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability and other emerging business needs.SUMMARY
[0004] Methods, systems, and devices for enabling multi-user communication in ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) systems are described. Ambient IoT systems can be characterized by harsh communication environments, extremely small terminal form requirements, and extremely low-cost IoT communication needs. Embodiments of the disclosed technology provide functions and protocols that enable robust and efficient multi-user communication in ambient IoT systems.
[0005] In an example aspect, performing, by a network function associated with a network node and a wireless device, at least one of the following functions: configuring and maintaining an interface with the network node, managing a registration procedure for the wireless device, managing a connection between the network function and the wireless device, providing, to the network node, information and services related to a location of the wireless device, managing a connection between the wireless device and a server, providing an authentication service, a data security service, a charging service, or a group communication service for the wireless device, or maintaining information associated with a capability of the wireless device, an identity of the wireless device, or the location of the wireless device.
[0006] In another example aspect, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of processor-executable code and stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The code included in the computer readable storage medium when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0007] In yet another example aspect, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed.
[0008] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.
[0009] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0010] FIGS. 1 and 2 show timing diagrams for example inventory or paging procedures.
[0011] FIGS. 3 to 10 show timing diagrams for example group communication procedures.
[0012] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of an example wireless communication method.
[0013] FIG. 12 shows an example block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of a network device or a communication device.
[0014] FIG. 13 shows an example of wireless communication including a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) based on some implementations of the disclosed technology.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] Although existing Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies such as Machine Type Communication (MTC) , Narrowband (NB) -IoT and other technologies have achieved low cost, low power consumption and large connections for IoT terminals, thereby meeting the IoT communication needs in many scenarios, there are still many IoT scenarios in which network communication needs cannot be met using existing technologies. These include harsh communication environments, extremely small terminal form requirements, and extremely low-cost IoT communication needs.
[0016] Ambient IoT refers to a wireless communications system that includes a device that uses backscattering technology and environmental energy harvesting technology to convert available signals and energy around the device into electrical energy that can drive its own circuits. The ambient IoT device uses a communication mode with backscattering as its core to achieve transmission to the target node. Furthermore, an ambient IoT device relies upon energy harvesting as one of the key mechanisms for powering and enabling the technology. Energy harvesting is the harnessing of the power in ambient radio waves to power tiny compute devices. This is very similar to the way solar panels harvest visible sunlight to power electric devices. Thus, the most notable features of ambient IoT are extremely low power consumption and low cost. The disclosed embodiments can be widely used in a variety of IoT scenarios and is a key communication technology for the future development of the ambient IoT systems.
[0017] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. Furthermore, 5G and ambient IoT terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G and ambient IoT technology only, and may be used in wireless systems that implement other protocols.
[0018] For example, the described embodiments and technology applies to backscatter communications that exploits the reflected or backscattered signals to transmit data, where the backscattered signals can be the reflection of ambient radio frequency (RF) signals, the RF signals from the dedicated carrier emitter or the signal photons in the non-classical quantum entangled pairs, etc. E. g., systems and implementations are described in “An Overview on Backscatter Communications” by Niu et al. in the IEEE Journal of Communications and Information Networks, Vol. 4, No. 2 (2019) . In this context, the disclosed embodiments provide various features and aspects of a wireless device operating in an ambient IoT system (referred to as an ambient IoT (AIoT) user equipment (UE) , or simply as a UE) .
[0019] In the described embodiments, a network management function that is configured to support multi-user (MU) communication in ambient IoT systems is further detailed through various examples and aspects. This network management function, as will be described, can be a new network function or an existing network function, e.g., the Network Exposure Function (NEF) , that has been configured to support AIoT system communications for multiple users. This network management function (or simply, network function) that supports MU AIoT is denoted “MF” and is, in an example, formed by a combination of small pieces of software code called microservices, and which is configured to offer its services to other NFs via Application Programming Interfaces (API) .
[0020] Embodiment 1 (functionality examples)
[0021] In some embodiments, in the Core Network (CN) , a network management function denoted MF is configured to support ambient IoT functionality. The MF could be an NEF, a different existing network function (NF) , or a new network function. The MF that can be implemented based on the described embodiments supports one or more of the following functionality:
[0022] –Termination of the Radio Access Network (RAN) control plane (CP) interface for AIoT, wherein the RAN could connect with the MF via an interface with the MF supporting the transport of the interface message and the management of the interface, e.g., setup, release, and modification operations.
[0023] –Registration management for AIoT, wherein an AIoT UE that needs to register or update its registration can connect with the MF to receive services that require registration.
[0024] –Connection management for AIoT, which includes the functions of establishing and releasing a control plane (CP) signaling connection between an AIoT UE and the MF.
[0025] –Reachability management for AIoT, in which the MF is responsible for detecting whether the AIoT UE is reachable and providing the AIoT UE location (e.g., an access node) for the network to reach the AIoT UE. Furthermore, the MF could trigger an inventory procedure to detect the AIoT UE location.
[0026] –Provide transport for AIoT messages between UE and server by delivering the message between server and AIoT UE.
[0027] –Access authentication for AIoT, which is based on subscriptions (e.g., Operator Determined Barring (ODB) , UE type, Access Type, and RAT Type currently in use) and determines whether the AIoT UE is allowed access.
[0028] –Security for AIoT, which includes ciphertext and integrity protection for messages and data.
[0029] –Support for charging.
[0030] –Group communication with AIoT UE, which includes the network communicating with a group of AIoT UE simultaneously.
[0031] –Maintain location information about AIoT UE, e.g., the AMF address, the gNB address, an area address that was accessed by the UE, etc.
[0032] –Maintain information about AIoT UE, e.g., UE identifier, UE capability, etc.
[0033] –Maintain the status of the terminal, e.g., whether the terminal has been inventoried, whether the terminal has completed the access process, etc.
[0034] Embodiment 2 (inventory procedure examples)
[0035] In some embodiments, the MF triggers an example inventory or paging procedure, as shown in FIG. 1. In this example, the inventory or paging procedure includes the following steps.
[0036] Step 1. The MF triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The MF transfers a message to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) , with the message carrying one or more of a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0037] Step 2. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the base station (e.g., NB) . Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0038] Step 3. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0039] Step 4. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0040] Step 5. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0041] Step 6. The AMF sends a message to the MF, which includes the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) and / or a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) .
[0042] In some embodiments, the MF triggers an example inventory or paging procedure, as shown in FIG. 2. In this example, the inventory or paging procedure includes the following steps.
[0043] Step 1. The MF triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The MF transfers a message to the base station (NB) , with the message carrying one or more of a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0044] Step 2. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0045] Step 3. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0046] Step 4. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the MF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the MF in a single instance. The message that is fed back can include the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) and / or a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) .
[0047] Embodiment 3 (group communication examples)
[0048] In some embodiments, an example group communication procedure, shown in FIG. 3, is provided. In this example, the group communication procedure includes the following steps.
[0049] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0050] Step 2. The MF send the request message (that is requesting UE information) to Unified Data Management (UDM) . Herein, the request message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0051] Step 3. The UDM sends a response message back to the MF, which includes UE information comprising a UE ID list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID within the same group ID, and related location information) , UE capability information (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) .
[0052] Step 4. The MF is configured to find, based on the information from the UDM, the corresponding AMF and transfer a message thereto. The message includes a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0053] Step 5. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0054] Step 6. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0055] Step 7. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0056] Step 8. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0057] Step 9. The AMF transfers data to the NB. For example, the AMF generates, based on data from the MF, a NAS PDU for a UE (or a NAS PDU list for multiple UE) , and transfers it to the NB via NG message. Herein, each NAS PDU corresponds to a UE.
[0058] Step 10. The NB transfers the data to the UE. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0059] Step 11. The UE transfers the data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0060] Step 12. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0061] Step 13. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0062] Step 14. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0063] In some embodiments, the MF could maintain information about the AIoT UE, as shown in FIG. 4. As shown therein, maintaining the information includes the following steps.
[0064] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0065] Step 2. The MF is configured to find, based on the information stored in the MF, the corresponding AMF and transfer a message thereto. The message includes a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0066] Step 3. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0067] Step 4. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0068] Step 5. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0069] Step 6. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0070] Step 7. The AMF transfers data to the NB. For example, the AMF generates, based on data from the MF, a NAS PDU for a UE (or a NAS PDU list for multiple UE) , and transfers it to the NB via NG message. Herein, each NAS PDU corresponds to a UE.
[0071] Step 8. The NB transfers the data to the UE. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0072] Step 9. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0073] Step 10. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0074] Step 11. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0075] Step 12. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0076] In some embodiments, the MF could maintain information about the AIoT UE and have termination of the RAN CP interface for AIoT, as shown in FIG. 5. Therein, maintaining the information and having the RAN CP interface termination includes the following steps.
[0077] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0078] Step 2. The MF triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The MF is configured to find, based on the information stored in the MF, the corresponding NB and transfer a paging or inventory message thereto. The paging or inventory message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0079] Step 3. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0080] Step 4. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0081] Step 5. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the MF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the MF in a single instance.
[0082] Step 6. The MF transfers data to the NB. For example, the MF generates a NAS PDU for a UE (or a NAS PDU list for multiple UE) , and transfers it to the NB via a message. Herein, each NAS PDU corresponds to a UE.
[0083] Step 7. The NB transfers the data to the UE. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0084] Step 8. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0085] Step 9. The NB transfers this data to the MF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the MF in a single instance.
[0086] Step 10. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0087] In some embodiments, another example group communication procedure, shown in FIG. 6, is provided. In this example, the group communication procedure includes the following steps.
[0088] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0089] Step 2. The MF send the request message (that is requesting UE information) to Unified Data Management (UDM) . Herein, the request message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0090] Step 3. The UDM sends a response message back to the MF, which includes UE information comprising a UE ID list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID within the same group ID, and related location information) , UE capability information (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) .
[0091] Step 4. The MF is configured to find the corresponding AMF and transfer a paging or inventory message thereto. The paging or inventory message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) , or access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) .
[0092] Step 5. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0093] Step 6. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0094] Step 7. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0095] Step 8. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0096] Step 9. The AMF feeds back the UE ID (or UE ID list) to the MF.
[0097] Step 10. The MF transfers a message to the AMF, and this message carries one or more of a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0098] Step 11. The AMF transfers data to the NB. For example, the AMF generates, based on data from the MF, a NAS PDU for a UE (or a NAS PDU list for multiple UE) , and transfers it to the NB via NG message. Herein, each NAS PDU corresponds to a UE.
[0099] Step 12. The NB transfers the data to the UE. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0100] Step 13. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0101] Step 14. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0102] Step 15. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0103] Step 16. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0104] In some embodiments, the MF could maintain information about the AIoT UE, as shown in FIG. 7. As shown therein, maintaining the information includes the following steps.
[0105] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0106] Step 2. The MF is configured to find, based on information stored in the MF, the corresponding AMF and transfer a paging or inventory message thereto. The paging or inventory message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) , or access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) .
[0107] Step 3. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0108] Step 4. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure.
[0109] Step 5. The UE feeds back its UE ID to the NB. In an example, the UE could be the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure, in which case, the UE will complete the paging or inventory procedure successfully. Alternatively, the UE simply sends its UE ID to the NB in an acknowledgement that it is not the selected UE for the paging or inventory procedure.
[0110] Step 6. The NB feeds back the UE ID (or the UE ID list) to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect this information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0111] Step 7. The AMF feeds back the UE ID (or UE ID list) to the MF.
[0112] Step 8. The MF transfers a message to the AMF, and this message carries one or more of a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0113] Step 9. The AMF transfers data to the NB. For example, the AMF generates, based on data from the MF, a NAS PDU for a UE (or a NAS PDU list for multiple UE) , and transfers it to the NB via NG message. Herein, each NAS PDU corresponds to a UE.
[0114] Step 10. The NB transfers the data to the UE. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0115] Step 11. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0116] Step 12. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0117] Step 13. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0118] Step 14. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0119] Embodiment 4 (group communication examples)
[0120] In some embodiments, yet another example group communication procedure, shown in FIG. 8, is provided. In this example, the group communication procedure includes the following steps.
[0121] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data or a list of data (e.g., one or more application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0122] Step 2. The MF send the request message (that is requesting UE information) to Unified Data Management (UDM) . Herein, the request message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0123] Step 3. The UDM sends a response message back to the MF, which includes UE information comprising a UE ID list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID within the same group ID, and related location information) , UE capability information (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) .
[0124] Step 4. The MF is configured to find, based on information from the UDM, the corresponding AMF and transfer a message thereto. The message includes a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , access formation information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, etc. ) , data (e.g., an application layer messages) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0125] Step 5. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , data (e.g., a NAS PDU, which could be transferred to a UE that matches the selected UE information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0126] Step 6. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The inventory or paging message includes a NAS PDU, which could be transferred to a UE that matches the selected UE information) .
[0127] Step 7. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0128] Step 8. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0129] Step 9. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0130] Step 10. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0131] In some embodiments, the MF could maintain information about the AIoT UE, as shown in FIG. 9. As shown therein, maintaining the information includes the following steps.
[0132] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data (e.g., an application layer message that can be transferred to one or more UE based on the group ID, UE list, and / or location information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0133] Step 2. The MF is configured to find, based on information stored in the MF, the corresponding AMF and transfer a message thereto. The message includes a UE ID list (e.g., a UE ID list with the same group ID, within a UE list or related to location information) , a group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE capability (e.g., a UE type, supported physical technology, supported communication time, and so on) , data (e.g., an application layer message that can be transferred to one or more UE based on the group ID, UE list, and / or location information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0134] Step 3. The AMF triggers an inventory or paging procedure to the NB. Herein, the inventory or paging message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , data (e.g., a NAS PDU that could be transferred to a UE that matches the selected UE information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0135] Step 4. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The inventory or paging message carries a NAS PDU, and the NB is configured to transfer it to a UE that matches the selected UE information.
[0136] Step 5. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0137] Step 6. The NB transfers this data to the AMF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the AMF in a single instance.
[0138] Step 7. The AMF transfers this data, based on data from the NB, to the MF. The AMF is configured to transfer data for a UE of a data list for multiple UE to the MF, with each NAS PDU corresponding to a single UE.
[0139] Step 8. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0140] In some embodiments, the MF could maintain information about the AIoT UE and have termination of the RAN CP interface for AIoT, as shown in FIG. 10. Therein, maintaining the information and having the RAN CP interface termination includes the following steps.
[0141] Step 1. The Application Function (AF) or server send a request message to the MF. The message carries one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE, and the MF can use the same group ID to communicate with each of the multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , location information (e.g., an identity or address related with one or more gNB, one or more AMF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, and so on) , data (e.g., an application layer message that can be transferred to one or more UE based on the group ID, UE list, and / or location information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0142] Step 2. The MF triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The MF is configured to find, based on the information stored in the MF, the corresponding NB and transfer a paging or inventory message thereto. The paging or inventory message carries one or more of selected UE information (e.g., UE ID list) , the group ID (e.g., the group ID could be associated with multiple AIot UE) , data (e.g., a NAS PDU, which can be transferred to a UE that matches the selected UE information) , or an AIoT indication (e.g., that indicates a particular communication is an AIoT communication) .
[0143] Step 3. The base station (NB) triggers an inventory or paging procedure. The inventory or paging message carries a NAS PDU, and the NB is configured to transfer it to a UE that matches the selected UE information.
[0144] Step 4. The UE transfers data to the NB. This data could be the NAS PDU.
[0145] Step 5. The NB transfers this data to the MF. In some cases, the NB can collect NAS PDU information for multiple UEs prior to feeding back the information to the MF in a single instance.
[0146] Step 6. The MF sends a response message to the AF or server, with the message carrying one or more of the group ID (e.g., related to multiple AIoT UE) , a UE list (e.g., a list of UE IDs, or parts of a UE ID) , data (e.g., an application layer message) , or a list of data (e.g., with each data being an application layer message related to the UE list or the group ID) .
[0147] Embodiment 5 (registration examples)
[0148] In some embodiments, the MF triggers a procedure that enables the UE to initiate a registration procedure. The MF can send a message to the AMF or the NB, and which includes location information (e.g., an identity or an address related to one or more gNB, one or more AMF or MF, one or more tracking areas, one or more physical areas, etc. ) , and a registration indication (e.g., an indication that indicates whether the message is part of a registration procedure or an area update procedure) .
[0149] In some embodiments, and after the AMF finds the corresponding NB based on the location information, the AMF sends a message to the NB. The message carries a registration indication (e.g., an indication that indicates whether the message is part of a registration procedure or an area update procedure) .
[0150] In some embodiments, the NB could trigger an inventory or paging procedure, and the inventory or paging message can include a registration indication (e.g., an indication that indicates whether the message is part of a registration procedure or an area update procedure) . If the UE receives this message, it performs the registration or area update procedure. It could then respond to the inventory or paging message, complete the inventory or paging procedure (if it is the selected UE) , or complete its identification with the network (if it is not the selected UE) .
[0151] In some embodiments, the UE can feed back its UE ID to the NB, and can transfer a NAS PDU to the NB. The NAS PDU carries a NAS message, e.g., a registration request or an area update request. The NAS message also includes one or more of the UE ID, a UE capability, and / or subscription information.
[0152] If the MF receives the NAS message from the UE, the MF can feed back the NAS message to the UE such that the NAS message includes a registration acceptance or an area update response. The NAS message also includes one or more of the UE ID that was used in the Core Network (CN) , area information that the UE has access to, a group ID, and / or network information, e.g., public land mobile network (PLMN) identifier.
[0153] Example methods and implementations of the disclosed technology
[0154] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of example wireless communication method 1100. The method 1100 includes, at operation 1110, performing, by a network function associated with a network node and a wireless device, at least one of configuring and maintaining an interface with the network node, managing a registration procedure for the wireless device, managing a connection between the network function and the wireless device, providing, to the network node, information and services related to a location of the wireless device, managing a connection between the wireless device and a server, providing an authentication service, a data security service, a charging service, or a group communication service for the wireless device, or maintaining information associated with a capability of the wireless device, an identity of the wireless device, or the location of the wireless device.
[0155] The described features can be implemented to further provide one or more of the following technical solutions:
[0156] 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: performing, by a network function associated with a network node and a wireless device, at least one of the following functions: configuring and maintaining an interface with the network node, managing a registration procedure for the wireless device, managing a connection between the network function and the wireless device, providing, to the network node, information and services related to a location of the wireless device, managing a connection between the wireless device and a server, providing an authentication service, a data security service, a charging service, or a group communication service for the wireless device, or maintaining information associated with a capability of the wireless device, an identity of the wireless device, or the location of the wireless device.
[0157] 2. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure by transmitting a message comprising an identifier list or a group identifier associated with the wireless device, or an identifier associated with the network node. In some embodiments, the paging or inventory procedure is as described in Embodiment 2.
[0158] 3. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: determine, based on information from a data management service, an address or an identifier of an access management service; and transmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service, wherein the message comprises at least one of: an identifier list associated with the wireless device, a group identifier associated with the wireless device, an identifier associated with the network node, or one or more application layer messages. In some embodiments, determining the address or the identifier is as described in Embodiment 3.
[0159] 4. The method of solution 3, wherein the data management service is Unified Data Management (UDM) and the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .
[0160] 5. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure to the network node.
[0161] 6. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: determine an address or an identifier of an access management service; and trigger, based on the address or the identifier, a paging or an inventory procedure to the access management service.
[0162] 7. The method of solution 6, wherein information stored by the network function comprises the address or the identifier of the access management service.
[0163] 8. The method of solution 6 or 7, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .
[0164] 9. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: determine, based on information from a data management service, an address or an identifier of an access management service; and transmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service, wherein the message comprises an application layer message. In some embodiments, determining the address or the identifier is as described in Embodiment 4.
[0165] 10. The method of solution 9, wherein the data management service is Unified Data Management (UDM) and the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .
[0166] 11. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: determine, based on information stored by the network function, an address or an identifier of an access management service; and transmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service.
[0167] 12. The method of solution 11, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .
[0168] 13. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: determine, based on information stored by the network function, an address or an identifier of the network node; and trigger, based on the address or the identifier, a paging or an inventory procedure to the network node.
[0169] 14. The method of solution 1, wherein the network function is configured to: transmit, to the wireless device, a message that enables the wireless device to initiate the registration procedure; and transmit, to the network node or an access management service, a message comprising location information associated with the network node or the access management service, or an indication indicative of whether the message is related with the registration procedure or an area update procedure. In some embodiments, the registration procedure is as described in Embodiment 5.
[0170] 15. The method of solution 14, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .
[0171] 16. The method of solution 1, wherein the network node is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure.
[0172] 17. An apparatus for wireless communication comprising a processor, configured to implement a method recited in one or more of solutions 1 to 16.
[0173] 18. A non-transitory computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in one or more of solutions 1 to 16.
[0174] FIG. 12 shows an example block diagram of a hardware platform 1200 that may be a part of a network device (e.g., base station) or a communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) . The hardware platform 1200 includes at least one processor 1210 and a memory 1205 having instructions stored thereupon. The instructions upon execution by the processor 1210 configure the hardware platform 1200 to perform the operations described in FIG. 11 and in the various embodiments described in this patent document. The transmitter 1215 transmits or sends information or data to another device. For example, a network device transmitter can send a message to a user equipment. The receiver 1220 receives information or data transmitted or sent by another device. For example, a user equipment can receive a message from a network device.
[0175] The implementations as discussed above will apply to a wireless communication. FIG. 13 shows an example of a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G or NR cellular network) that includes a base station 1320 and one or more user equipment (UE) 1311, 1312 and 1313. In some embodiments, the UEs access the BS (e.g., the network) using a communication link to the network (sometimes called uplink direction, as depicted by dashed arrows 1331, 1332, 1333) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the network to the UEs, sometimes called downlink direction, shown by arrows 1341, 1342, 1343) from the BS to the UEs. In some embodiments, the BS send information to the UEs (sometimes called downlink direction, as depicted by arrows 1341, 1342, 1343) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the UEs to the BS, sometimes called uplink direction, shown by dashed arrows 1331, 1332, 1333) from the UEs to the BS. The UE may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a mobile computer, a machine to machine (M2M) device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, and so on.
[0176] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0177] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0178] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0179] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this disclosure.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:performing, by a network function associated with a network node and a wireless device, at least one of the following functions:configuring and maintaining an interface with the network node,managing a registration procedure for the wireless device,managing a connection between the network function and the wireless device,providing, to the network node, information and services related to a location of the wireless device,managing a connection between the wireless device and a server,providing an authentication service, a data security service, a charging service, or a group communication service for the wireless device, ormaintaining information associated with a capability of the wireless device, an identity of the wireless device, or the location of the wireless device.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure by transmitting a message comprising an identifier list or a group identifier associated with the wireless device, or an identifier associated with the network node.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:determine, based on information from a data management service, an address or an identifier of an access management service; andtransmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service, wherein the message comprises at least one of: an identifier list associated with the wireless device, a group identifier associated with the wireless device, an identifier associated with the network node, or one or more application layer messages.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the data management service is Unified Data Management (UDM) and the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .5.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure to the network node.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:determine an address or an identifier of an access management service; andtrigger, based on the address or the identifier, a paging or an inventory procedure to the access management service.7.The method of claim 6, wherein information stored by the network function comprises the address or the identifier of the access management service.8.The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .9.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:determine, based on information from a data management service, an address or an identifier of an access management service; andtransmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service, wherein the message comprises an application layer message.10.The method of claim 9, wherein the data management service is Unified Data Management (UDM) and the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .11.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:determine, based on information stored by the network function, an address or an identifier of an access management service; andtransmit, based on the address or the identifier, a message to the access management service.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .13.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:determine, based on information stored by the network function, an address or an identifier of the network node; andtrigger, based on the address or the identifier, a paging or an inventory procedure to the network node.14.The method of claim 1, wherein the network function is configured to:transmit, to the wireless device, a message that enables the wireless device to initiate the registration procedure; andtransmit, to the network node or an access management service, a message comprising location information associated with the network node or the access management service, or an indication indicative of whether the message is related with the registration procedure or an area update procedure.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the access management service is Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) .16.The method of claim 1, wherein the network node is configured to trigger a paging or an inventory procedure.17.An apparatus for wireless communication comprising a processor, configured to implement a method recited in one or more of claims 1 to 16.18.A non-transitory computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in one or more of claims 1 to 16.
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