High-frequency breathing control system and method for harmonic control of positive and negative pressure ventilation, and breathing machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of breathing machines. Specifically disclosed are a high-frequency breathing control system and method for harmonic control of positive and negative pressure ventilation, and a breathing machine. The system comprises an inspiration pipe section and an expiration pipe section, an inlet A of the inspiration pipe section being connected to an air source, an outlet B of the expiration pipe section being connected to a vacuum source, and an outlet C of the inspiration pipe section and an inlet D of the expiration pipe section being both connected to an air supply end by means of a third flowmeter and a pressure gauge; and a control module, used for controlling the inspiration pipe section and the expiration pipe section to be alternately switched on and off to provide high-frequency air supply to a patient. The present invention adopts the vacuum source as negative pressure input, so that the expiration amount can be effectively controlled in an expiration stage, and carbon dioxide can be effectively emitted and prevented from retention; the structure can be simplified, the size of the breathing machine can be reduced, and the inspiration pipe section and the expiration pipe section are controlled to be alternately switched on and off, so that ventilation control logic can be simplified. The present invention has no other interference factors in a ventilation process, thus enabling precise control of the tidal volume.

Description

A harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, method and ventilator Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilators, and more particularly to a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, method and ventilator. Background Art

[0002] High frequency ventilation (HFV) uses a frequency significantly higher than the physiological respiratory rate and a very low tidal volume for ventilation.

[0003] High-frequency ventilation is a ventilation technique that uses a ventilation frequency four times higher than the normal respiratory rate and a tidal volume close to or lower than the anatomical dead space volume. Based on the different ventilation principles, high-frequency ventilation can be divided into three different types: high-frequency positive pressure ventilation, high-frequency jet ventilation, and high-frequency oscillation ventilation.

[0004] High frequency positive pressure ventilation (HFPPV) mostly uses the valve method, that is, a high-frequency pneumatic valve is used to control the airflow and regularly deliver gas into the inspiratory tube; the commonly used ventilation frequency is 60-120 times / min (1-2Hz), the tidal volume is 3-5ml / kg, and the inspiratory to expiratory time ratio is less than 0.3.

[0005] High frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) uses a high-pressure gas source to deliver gas into the airway through a fine-bore catheter in a jet-like manner. The commonly used gas source pressure is 103.4 to 344.7 kPa, the ventilation frequency is 120 to 300 times / min (2 to 5 Hz), and the tidal volume is 2 to 5 ml / kg.

[0006] High-frequency oscillation (HFO) ventilation uses the reciprocating motion of a piston pump or the vibration waves of a speaker to promote the flow of gas into and out of the airway. The vibration frequency is as high as 300 to 3600 times / min (5 to 60 Hz), and the tidal volume is 1 to 3 ml / kg.

[0007] Although the tidal volume of high-frequency ventilation is low, its ventilation frequency is high, which can achieve a higher minute ventilation volume and achieve the therapeutic purpose.

[0008] At present, traditional high-frequency airflow generators are large in size and complex in structure. Carbon dioxide is easily retained at the air supply end, which is not conducive to its elimination, and the tidal volume control accuracy is low.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, method and ventilator to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] Summary of the Invention

[0011] The Summary of the Invention introduces a series of simplified concepts that will be further described in the Detailed Description of the Invention. The Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0012] In order to at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, comprising: an inspiratory tube segment and an expiratory tube segment, wherein the inlet A of the inspiratory tube segment is connected to the air source, the outlet B of the expiratory tube segment is connected to the vacuum source, and the outlet C of the inspiratory tube segment and the inlet D of the expiratory tube segment are both connected to the air supply end through a third flow meter and a pressure gauge; a control module is used to control the alternating on and off of the inspiratory tube segment and the expiratory tube segment to supply high-frequency air to the patient.

[0013] Preferably, the air intake pipe section includes: a first safety on-off valve, a first proportional valve, a first high-frequency on-off valve and a first flow meter connected in sequence, and the first safety on-off valve is connected to the air source.

[0014] Preferably, the exhalation tube section includes: a second safety on-off valve, a second flow meter, a second proportional valve and a second high-frequency on-off valve connected in sequence, and the second safety on-off valve is connected to the vacuum source.

[0015] Preferably, the gas source is one of a pure oxygen source, a mixed gas source of air and oxygen, and a mixed gas source of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

[0016] Preferably, the control module includes:

[0017] A setting unit, used to pre-set the required positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inspiratory tube section, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the expiratory tube section, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the air supply end;

[0018] an acquiring unit, configured to acquire in real time a first flow value of the first flow meter, a second flow value of the second flow meter, a third flow value of the third flow meter, and a pressure value of the pressure gauge;

[0019] The regulating unit is configured to regulate the opening of the first proportional valve according to the first flow value obtained by the obtaining unit so that the first flow value satisfies a preset positive pressure flow; and regulate the opening of the second proportional valve according to the obtained second flow value so that the second flow value satisfies a preset negative pressure flow;

[0020] The judgment control unit is used to judge whether the third flow value obtained by the acquisition unit meets the safety flow standard and whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, so as to control whether the first safety on-off valve and the second safety on-off valve need to be closed; it is also used to judge whether the inhalation time of the inhalation pipe section reaches the preset positive pressure output time, and whether the exhalation time of the exhalation pipe section reaches the preset negative pressure input time, so as to control the alternating on and off of the first high-frequency on-off valve and the second high-frequency on-off valve.

[0021] Preferably, the determining whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard includes:

[0022] Calculate the average pressure of the pressure values ​​at the gas supply end obtained before the current moment;

[0023] Determine whether the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the target pressure value and the pressure average at the gas supply end to the pressure average is less than the preset threshold. If it is less than, the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard; if it is greater than, the pressure value does not meet the safety pressure standard.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes:

[0025] A blood oxygen collection unit, used to collect the patient's blood oxygen concentration;

[0026] The ventilation status judgment unit determines a judgment data set that can represent the ventilation status based on multiple pressure values ​​detected by the pressure gauge and multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​collected by the blood oxygen collection unit during the ventilation process. Each judgment value in the judgment data set is used to represent the probability of abnormal ventilation status when ventilation is performed at the corresponding time point.

[0027] Preferably, determining a judgment data set capable of representing the ventilation state according to multiple pressure values ​​and multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​includes:

[0028] Determining a pressure judgment parameter set and a time judgment parameter set based on multiple pressure values ​​and a target pressure value at the gas supply end;

[0029] determining a blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set based on multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​and a patient's target blood oxygen concentration;

[0030] A judgment data set capable of representing the ventilation state is obtained according to the pressure judgment parameter set, the time judgment parameter set, and the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set.

[0031] Preferably, the pressure judgment parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0032] Among them, X i is the pressure judgment parameter corresponding to the i-th time point, i=1,2,…n, P0 is the target pressure value, P iis the pressure value corresponding to the i-th time point, μ is the preset threshold in the safety pressure standard;

[0033] Then the pressure judgment parameter set A is, A={X1,X2,…X n};

[0034] The time judgment parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0035] Y j =T j / 60

[0036] Among them, Y j For the jth occurrence |P0-P i | / P i Time judgment parameter when ≥μ, T j For the jth occurrence |P0-P i | / P i ≥μ duration, j = 1, 2, ... m;

[0037] Then the time judgment parameter set B is, B={Y1,Y2,…Y m};

[0038] The blood oxygen concentration determination parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0039] Z i =|Q i -Q M | / |Q0-Q M |

[0040] Among them, Z i is the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter corresponding to the i-th time point, Q i is the blood oxygen concentration value corresponding to the i-th time point, Q M is the median of multiple blood oxygen concentration values, and Q0 is the patient's target blood oxygen concentration;

[0041] Then the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set C is, C={Z1,Z2,…Z n};

[0042] The ventilation status judgment data set is obtained by the following formula:

[0043] Among them, K i is the judgment value of the ventilation state corresponding to the i-th time point;

[0044] The ventilation status judgment data set D is, D={K1,K2,…K n}.

[0045] The present invention also provides a control method for a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, comprising:

[0046] Step 1: pre-set the positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inspiratory tube segment, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the expiratory tube segment, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the air supply end;

[0047] Step 2: Control the first safety on-off valve and the second safety on-off valve to open;

[0048] Step 3: Control the first high-frequency on-off valve to open and the second high-frequency on-off valve to close;

[0049] Step 4: obtaining a first flow value detected by the first flow meter in real time and adjusting the opening of the first proportional valve so that the first flow value meets a preset positive pressure flow;

[0050] Step 5: Acquire in real time a third flow value detected by the third flow meter and a pressure value detected by the pressure gauge, and determine whether the third flow value and the pressure value meet corresponding preset conditions;

[0051] Step 6: If at least one of the third flow value and the pressure value does not meet the corresponding preset conditions, the first safety on-off valve and the second safety on-off valve are controlled to close; if the third flow value meets the safety flow standard and the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, it is continued to determine whether the inhalation time reaches the preset positive pressure output time;

[0052] Step 7: If the inhalation time has not yet reached the preset positive pressure output time, return to step 4; if the inhalation time reaches the preset positive pressure output time, control the second high-frequency on-off valve to open and the first high-frequency on-off valve to close;

[0053] Step 8: obtaining a second flow value detected by a second flow meter in real time and adjusting the opening of the second proportional valve so that the second flow value meets a preset negative pressure flow;

[0054] Step 9: Acquire in real time a third flow value detected by the third flow meter and a pressure value detected by the pressure gauge, and determine whether the third flow value and the pressure value meet corresponding preset conditions;

[0055] Step 10: If at least one of the third flow value and the pressure value does not meet the corresponding preset condition, the first safety on-off valve and the second safety on-off valve are controlled to close; if the third flow value meets the safety flow standard and the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, it is continued to determine whether the exhalation time reaches the preset negative pressure input time;

[0056] Step 11: If the exhalation time has not yet reached the preset negative pressure input time, return to step 8; if the exhalation time reaches the preset negative pressure input time, determine whether the user has ended ventilation. If not, return to step 2. If so, control the first safety on-off valve and the second safety on-off valve to close and end ventilation.

[0057] A ventilator adopts the harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system of the present invention.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0059] The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, method, and ventilator of the present invention adopt a high-pressure gas source as a positive pressure output and a vacuum source as a negative pressure input, and realize high-frequency ventilation for the patient by controlling the alternating opening and closing of the inspiratory and expiratory tube sections through the coordinated control of positive and negative pressures.

[0060] Unlike traditional high-frequency ventilation, the present invention uses a vacuum source as negative pressure input, which can effectively control the exhaled volume during the exhalation phase, effectively eliminate carbon dioxide, and prevent carbon dioxide retention;

[0061] The present invention can simplify the structure of the high-frequency airflow generating device and reduce the size of the ventilator. In addition, controlling the alternating on and off of the inspiratory and expiratory tube sections can simplify the ventilation control logic. Since high-frequency oscillation ventilation is easily affected by airflow, the ventilation stability is poor and the tidal volume control accuracy is low. However, the present invention can accurately control the tidal volume without other interfering factors during the ventilation process.

[0062] The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, method and ventilator described in the present invention, and other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will also be understood by technical personnel in this field through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0064] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency breathing control system for harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation according to the present invention;

[0065] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to the present invention;

[0066] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a control module in the harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to the present invention;

[0067] FIG4 is a flow chart of the method for controlling high-frequency breathing with harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0069] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0070] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, comprising: an inspiratory tube segment and an expiratory tube segment, wherein the inlet A of the inspiratory tube segment is connected to an air source 1, the outlet B of the expiratory tube segment is connected to a vacuum source 2, and the outlet C of the inspiratory tube segment and the inlet D of the expiratory tube segment are both connected to an air supply end 13 via a third flowmeter 11 and a pressure gauge 12; and a control module for controlling the alternating on and off of the inspiratory tube segment and the expiratory tube segment to supply high-frequency air to the patient.

[0071] The present invention uses a high-pressure gas source 1 as a positive pressure output and a vacuum source 2 as a negative pressure input, and realizes high-frequency ventilation for the patient by controlling the alternating opening and closing of the inspiratory tube section and the expiratory tube section through the coordinated control of positive and negative pressures;

[0072] Unlike traditional high-frequency ventilation, the present invention uses a vacuum source 2 as negative pressure input, which can effectively control the exhaled volume during the exhalation phase, effectively eliminate carbon dioxide, and prevent carbon dioxide retention;

[0073] The vacuum source 2 is connected to a vacuum pipeline or a vacuum obtaining device; wherein the vacuum obtaining device is a vacuum pump, a vacuum generator, etc.;

[0074] The present invention can simplify the structure of the high-frequency airflow generating device and reduce the size of the ventilator. In addition, controlling the alternating on and off of the inspiratory and expiratory tube sections can simplify the ventilation control logic. Since high-frequency oscillation ventilation is easily affected by airflow, the ventilation stability is poor and the tidal volume control accuracy is low. However, the present invention can accurately control the tidal volume without other interfering factors during the ventilation process.

[0075] Furthermore, the air intake pipe section includes: a first safety on-off valve 3 , a first proportional valve 5 , a first high-frequency on-off valve 7 and a first flow meter 9 connected in sequence, and the first safety on-off valve 3 is connected to the air source 1 .

[0076] The first safety on-off valve 3 is used to control whether the gas source 1 is connected to the intake pipe section. The first proportional valve 5 and the first flow meter 9 work together to adjust and detect the gas flow through the intake pipe section respectively. The first high-frequency on-off valve 7 is used to switch the intake pipe section and the gas supply end 13 on and off at a high frequency during the ventilation process.

[0077] Furthermore, the exhalation tube section includes: a second safety on-off valve 4 , a second flowmeter 10 , a second proportional valve 6 and a second high-frequency on-off valve 8 connected in sequence, and the second safety on-off valve 4 is connected to the vacuum source 2 .

[0078] The second safety on-off valve 4 is used to control whether the vacuum source 2 is connected to the exhalation tube segment. The second proportional valve 6 and the second flow meter 10 work together to adjust and detect the gas flow through the breathing tube segment respectively. The second high-frequency on-off valve 8 is used to switch the breathing tube segment and the air supply end 13 on and off at a high frequency during ventilation.

[0079] Furthermore, the gas source 1 is one of a pure oxygen source, a mixed gas source of air and oxygen, and a mixed gas source of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

[0080] The gas source 1 is a high-pressure gas source. According to the patient's needs, one of a pure oxygen source, a mixed gas source of air and oxygen, and a mixed gas source of carbon dioxide and oxygen is selected to meet the patient's oxygen demand.

[0081] As shown in FIG3 , in one embodiment, the control module includes:

[0082] A setting unit for presetting the required positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inspiratory tube segment, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the expiratory tube segment, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the air supply end 13;

[0083] an acquisition unit, configured to acquire in real time a first flow value of the first flow meter 9 , a second flow value of the second flow meter 10 , a third flow value of the third flow meter 11 , and a pressure value of the pressure meter 12 ;

[0084] The regulating unit is configured to regulate the opening of the first proportional valve 5 according to the first flow value obtained by the obtaining unit so that the first flow value satisfies a preset positive pressure flow; and regulate the opening of the second proportional valve 6 according to the obtained second flow value so that the second flow value satisfies a preset negative pressure flow;

[0085] The judgment control unit is used to judge whether the third flow value obtained by the acquisition unit meets the safety flow standard and whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, so as to control whether the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 need to be closed; it is also used to judge whether the inhalation time of the inhalation pipe section reaches the preset positive pressure output time, and whether the exhalation time of the exhalation pipe section reaches the preset negative pressure input time, so as to control the alternating on and off of the first high-frequency on-off valve 7 and the second high-frequency on-off valve 8.

[0086] Determine the ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time, ventilation frequency, and tidal volume (tidal volume refers to the volume of gas inhaled or exhaled each time) based on the patient's condition, and then set the required positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inspiratory tube section, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the expiratory tube section, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the gas supply end 13;

[0087] During ventilation, it is necessary to time each inhalation phase (positive pressure) and exhalation phase (negative pressure) to ensure that the preset positive pressure output time (inhalation time) and negative pressure input time (exhalation time) are met, and the ventilation flow is detected by the first flow meter 9 and the second flow meter 10 in the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase respectively. The opening of the first proportional valve 5 is adjusted according to the preset positive pressure flow so that the first flow value meets the preset positive pressure flow, and the opening of the second proportional valve 6 is adjusted according to the preset negative pressure flow so that the second flow value meets the preset negative pressure flow. In this way, the tidal volume during the patient's inspiration and exhalation can be guaranteed, the control accuracy of the tidal volume can be improved, and the tidal volume can be stably controlled by only adjusting the proportional valve;

[0088] In addition, a third flow meter 11 and a pressure gauge 12 are also provided at the air supply end 13, and a safety flow standard and a safety pressure standard passing through the air supply end 13 are pre-set, so that the situation of the air supply end 13 for ventilating the patient can be monitored in real time. During high-frequency ventilation, if the patient's breathing gradually returns to normal, high-frequency ventilation will form resistance to the patient's spontaneous breathing, so that the third flow value and pressure value detected by the air supply end 13 will exceed the safety flow standard and the safety pressure standard. At this time, it is necessary to control the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 to be closed, stop ventilation, and prevent harm to the patient.

[0089] It should be noted that the safety flow standard can be set to a safe flow range to ensure normal ventilation, and the safety pressure standard can be set to a safe pressure range to ensure normal ventilation, so as to determine whether the third flow value is within the safe flow range and whether the pressure value is within the safe pressure range.

[0090] In one embodiment, the safety pressure standard may also be set as follows, and the determination of whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard includes:

[0091] Calculate the average pressure value of the pressure values ​​of the gas supply end 13 obtained before the current moment;

[0092] Determine whether the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the target pressure value and the pressure average at the gas supply end 13 to the pressure average is less than a preset threshold. If so, the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard; if so, the pressure value does not meet the safety pressure standard.

[0093] It should be noted that the pressure value of the air supply end 13 obtained before the current moment refers to the average value of all pressure values ​​of the air supply end 13 obtained from the initial moment (the initial moment is 0) to the current moment during a certain inhalation phase or exhalation phase.

[0094] It can be expressed as:

[0095] Among them, in the inspiration phase, t≤positive pressure output time, in the expiration phase, t≤negative pressure input time;

[0096] Among them, p0 is the target pressure value, P t is the pressure value of the gas supply end 13 obtained at time t, g is the number of pressure values ​​of the gas supply end 13 obtained at the current time and the time before the current time, is the mean pressure value, μ is the preset threshold;

[0097] The pressure value detected in real time by the pressure gauge 12 needs to satisfy the above formula, that is, to meet the safety pressure standard. If the above formula is not satisfied, it is necessary to control the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 to close and stop ventilation to prevent harm to the patient.

[0098] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0099] A blood oxygen collection unit, used to collect the patient's blood oxygen concentration;

[0100] a ventilation state determination unit, which determines a determination data set capable of representing the ventilation state based on the multiple pressure values ​​detected by the manometer 12 and the multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​collected by the blood oxygen collection unit during ventilation, wherein each determination value in the determination data set is used to represent the probability of abnormal ventilation state when ventilation is performed at the corresponding time point;

[0101] The judgment data set that can represent the ventilation status according to multiple pressure values ​​and multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​includes:

[0102] Determine a pressure judgment parameter set and a time judgment parameter set according to the multiple pressure values ​​and the target pressure value of the gas supply end 13;

[0103] determining a blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set based on multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​and a patient's target blood oxygen concentration;

[0104] A judgment data set capable of representing the ventilation state is obtained according to the pressure judgment parameter set, the time judgment parameter set, and the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set.

[0105] Furthermore, the pressure judgment parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0106] Among them, X i is the pressure judgment parameter corresponding to the i-th time point, i=1,2,…n, P0 is the target pressure value, P i is the pressure value corresponding to the i-th time point, μ is the preset threshold in the safety pressure standard;

[0107] Then the pressure judgment parameter set A is, A={X1,X2,…X n};

[0108] The time judgment parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0109] Y j =T j / 60

[0110] Among them, Y j For the jth occurrence |P0-P i | / P i Time judgment parameter when ≥μ, T j For the jth occurrence |P0-P i | / P i ≥μ duration, j = 1, 2, ... m;

[0111] Then the time judgment parameter set B is, B={Y1,Y2,…Y m};

[0112] The blood oxygen concentration determination parameter set is determined by the following formula:

[0113] Z i =|Q i -Q M | / |Q0-Q M |

[0114] Among them, Z i is the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter corresponding to the i-th time point, Q i is the blood oxygen concentration value corresponding to the i-th time point, Q M is the median of multiple blood oxygen concentration values, and Q0 is the patient's target blood oxygen concentration;

[0115] Then the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set C is, C={Z1,Z2,…Z n};

[0116] The ventilation status judgment data set is obtained by the following formula:

[0117] Among them, K i is the judgment value of the ventilation state corresponding to the i-th time point;

[0118] The ventilation status judgment data set D is, D={K1,K2,…K n}.

[0119] The pressure judgment parameter and the time judgment parameter can characterize the abnormality of the pressure at the gas supply end 13 , and the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter can characterize the abnormality of the patient's blood oxygen concentration.

[0120] The judgment value in the judgment data set increases with the increase of ventilation time, wherein the larger the judgment value, the greater the probability of abnormal ventilation status;

[0121] An abnormal threshold can be set. If the judgment value corresponding to a certain time point is higher than the abnormal threshold, the judgment value at this time point is marked as an abnormal judgment value.

[0122] If the number of abnormal judgment values ​​is small and discontinuous in time, it indicates that the ventilation state is normal; if the number of abnormal judgment values ​​is large and discontinuous in time, attention should be paid to or timely inspection of various flow meters, pressure gauges, blood oxygen collection units and other devices used to monitor or implement the ventilation process to see if there is any abnormality in their operation, so as to provide early warning. This is because when the first flow meter 9 or the second flow meter 10 works abnormally, the low detection accuracy will affect the adjustment of the proportional valve, thereby making the actual ventilation flow accuracy low, that is, not meeting the pre-set positive pressure flow or negative pressure flow, and further causing abnormal pressure at the gas supply end 13, which will also affect the patient's blood oxygen concentration. Therefore, the judgment data set can characterize the ventilation state of the entire ventilation process, improve the accuracy of tidal volume supply during the ventilation process, and ensure the safety of ventilation;

[0123] The method for determining the number of abnormal judgment values ​​is to calculate the ratio of the abnormal judgment value to all judgment values ​​in the judgment data set and set a preset ratio (for example, 1 / 8). If the ratio is less than the preset ratio, it is considered that the number of abnormal judgment values ​​is small. If the ratio is greater than or equal to the preset ratio, it is considered that the number of abnormal judgment values ​​is large.

[0124] If the judgment value at a certain time point is an abnormal judgment value, and the detection values ​​of the third flow meter 11 and the pressure gauge 12 have not exceeded the safety flow standard and the safety pressure standard when the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 are closed, then the judgment value after this time point will continue to be monitored. If the judgment values ​​after this time point are all abnormal judgment values ​​within a monitoring period, then the pressure judgment parameter and the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter in the abnormal judgment value will be checked, and the ventilation process will be adaptively adjusted based on the one with the higher abnormality. The adjustment of the ventilation process includes but is not limited to the adjustment of the positive pressure flow of the inspiratory duct segment (the opening of the first proportional valve 5), the setting of the positive pressure output time, the adjustment of the negative pressure flow of the expiratory duct segment (the opening of the second proportional valve 6), the setting of the negative pressure input time, the setting of the tidal volume, the adjustment of the oxygen content of the gas source 1 (which can be achieved by switching the gas source), and the adjustment of the ventilation frequency, etc.; the accuracy of tidal volume supply is improved, and the stability of the patient's blood oxygen concentration is improved;

[0125] By monitoring the ventilation status throughout the entire process, a judgment data set that can characterize the ventilation status can be obtained, which can provide a basis for adjusting the parameters of the ventilation process. It can also provide timely warnings on the working conditions of the devices used to monitor ventilation and realize the ventilation process, and carry out timely maintenance or replacement to ensure the accuracy of the detection of various flow meters and pressure gauges, improve the accuracy of tidal volume supply during the ventilation process, and ensure the safety of ventilation.

[0126] As shown in FIG4 , the present invention further provides a control method for a harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system, comprising:

[0127] Step 1: presetting the positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inspiratory tube segment, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the expiratory tube segment, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the air supply end 13;

[0128] Step 2: Control the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 to open;

[0129] Step 3: Control the first high-frequency on-off valve 7 to open and the second high-frequency on-off valve 8 to close;

[0130] Step 4: obtaining the first flow value detected by the first flow meter 9 in real time and adjusting the opening of the first proportional valve 5 so that the first flow value meets the preset positive pressure flow;

[0131] Step 5: Acquire the third flow value detected by the third flow meter 11 and the pressure value detected by the pressure meter 12 in real time, and determine whether the third flow value and the pressure value meet their corresponding preset conditions;

[0132] Step 6: If at least one of the third flow value and the pressure value does not meet the corresponding preset conditions, the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 are controlled to be closed; if the third flow value meets the safety flow standard and the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, it is further determined whether the inhalation time reaches the preset positive pressure output time;

[0133] Step 7: If the inhalation time has not yet reached the preset positive pressure output time, return to step 4; if the inhalation time reaches the preset positive pressure output time, control the second high-frequency on-off valve 8 to open and the first high-frequency on-off valve 7 to close;

[0134] Step 8: obtaining the second flow value detected by the second flow meter 10 in real time and adjusting the opening of the second proportional valve 6 so that the second flow value meets the preset negative pressure flow;

[0135] Step 9: obtaining in real time the third flow value detected by the third flow meter 11 and the pressure value detected by the pressure meter 12, and determining whether the third flow value and the pressure value meet their corresponding preset conditions;

[0136] Step 10: If at least one of the third flow value and the pressure value does not meet the corresponding preset condition, the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 are controlled to be closed; if the third flow value meets the safety flow standard and the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, it is continued to determine whether the exhalation time reaches the preset negative pressure input time;

[0137] Step 11: If the exhalation time has not yet reached the preset negative pressure input time, return to step 8; if the exhalation time reaches the preset negative pressure input time, determine whether the user ends ventilation. If not, return to step 2. If so, control the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 to close and end ventilation.

[0138] Through the above control method, the coordinated control of positive and negative pressures can be adopted to achieve high-frequency ventilation. The cooperation of the flow meter and the proportional valve can achieve accurate and stable control of the tidal volume, improve the control accuracy, and use the vacuum source 2 as the negative pressure input to effectively remove carbon dioxide during the exhalation phase to prevent carbon dioxide from being retained and inhaled again by the patient; the set safety flow standard and safety pressure standard can timely control the closure of the first safety on-off valve 3 and the second safety on-off valve 4 to prevent inappropriate ventilation from causing harm to the patient.

[0139] The present invention also provides a ventilator, which adopts the harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system described in the present invention, including: an inspiratory pipe section and an expiratory pipe section, the inlet A of the inspiratory pipe section is connected to the air source 1, the outlet B of the expiratory pipe section is connected to the vacuum source 2, and the outlet C of the inspiratory pipe section and the inlet D of the expiratory pipe section are both connected to the air supply end 13 through a third flowmeter 11 and a pressure gauge 12; the inspiratory pipe section includes: a first safety on-off valve 3, a first proportional valve 5, a first high-frequency on-off valve 7 and a first flowmeter 9 connected in sequence, and the first safety on-off valve 3 is connected to the air source 1; the expiratory pipe section includes: a second safety on-off valve 4, a second flowmeter 10, a second proportional valve 6 and a second high-frequency on-off valve 8 connected in sequence, and the second safety on-off valve 4 is connected to the vacuum source 2.

[0140] The ventilator described in the present invention realizes high-frequency ventilation by adopting positive and negative pressure coordinated control, and adopts vacuum source 2 as negative pressure input, which can effectively eliminate carbon dioxide and prevent retention. In addition, the ventilator adopting the above structure can simplify the structure, reduce the volume, and be more convenient to use and move.

[0141] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0142] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0143] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A high-frequency breathing control system for harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation, characterized in that: include: An inhalation pipe section and an exhalation pipe section, wherein an inlet A of the inhalation pipe section is connected to an air source (1), an outlet B of the exhalation pipe section is connected to a vacuum source (2), and an outlet C of the inhalation pipe section and an inlet D of the exhalation pipe section are both connected to an air supply end (13) via a third flow meter (11) and a pressure meter (12); a control module for controlling the inhalation pipe section and the exhalation pipe section to be alternately turned on and off, thereby supplying high-frequency air to the patient; The air intake pipe section comprises: a first safety on-off valve (3), a first proportional valve (5), a first high-frequency on-off valve (7) and a first flow meter (9) which are connected in sequence, and the first safety on-off valve (3) is connected to the air source (1); The exhalation tube section comprises: a second safety on-off valve (4), a second flow meter (10), a second proportional valve (6) and a second high-frequency on-off valve (8) which are connected in sequence, and the second safety on-off valve (4) is connected to a vacuum source (2); The control module comprises: A setting unit, used to pre-set the required positive pressure flow rate and positive pressure output time of the inhalation pipe section, the negative pressure flow rate and negative pressure input time of the exhalation pipe section, and the safety flow rate standard and safety pressure standard of the air supply end (13); An acquisition unit, used for acquiring in real time a first flow value of the first flow meter (9), a second flow value of the second flow meter (10), a third flow value of the third flow meter (11), and a pressure value of the pressure meter (12); The regulating unit is used to regulate the opening of the first proportional valve (5) according to the first flow value obtained by the obtaining unit, so that the first flow value satisfies a preset positive pressure flow; and regulate the opening of the second proportional valve (6) according to the obtained second flow value, so that the second flow value satisfies a preset negative pressure flow; The judgment control unit is used to judge whether the third flow value obtained by the acquisition unit meets the safety flow standard and whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard, so as to control whether the first safety on-off valve (3) and the second safety on-off valve (4) need to be closed; and is also used to judge whether the inhalation time of the inhalation pipe section reaches the preset positive pressure output time, and whether the exhalation time of the exhalation pipe section reaches the preset negative pressure input time, so as to control the alternating on and off of the first high-frequency on-off valve (7) and the second high-frequency on-off valve (8).

2. The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas source (1) is one of a pure oxygen source, a mixed gas source of air and oxygen, and a mixed gas source of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

3. The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard includes: Calculating the pressure average of the pressure values ​​of the gas supply end (13) obtained before the current moment; It is determined whether the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the target pressure value and the pressure average value at the gas supply end (13) to the pressure average value is less than a preset threshold value. If so, the pressure value meets the safety pressure standard. If so, the pressure value does not meet the safety pressure standard.

4. The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A blood oxygen collection unit, used to collect the patient's blood oxygen concentration; The ventilation state judgment unit determines a judgment data set capable of representing the ventilation state based on a plurality of pressure values ​​detected by a pressure meter (12) and a plurality of blood oxygen concentration values ​​collected by a blood oxygen collection unit during the ventilation process, wherein each judgment value in the judgment data set is used to represent the probability of abnormal ventilation state when ventilation is performed at a time point corresponding to the judgment value.

5. The harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The judgment data set that can represent the ventilation state according to multiple pressure values ​​and multiple blood oxygen concentration values ​​includes: Determining a pressure judgment parameter set and a time judgment parameter set according to a plurality of pressure values ​​and a target pressure value of the gas supply end (13); Determining a blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set according to a plurality of blood oxygen concentration values ​​and a patient's target blood oxygen concentration; A judgment data set capable of representing the ventilation state is obtained according to the pressure judgment parameter set, the time judgment parameter set and the blood oxygen concentration judgment parameter set.

6. A ventilator, characterized in that: A harmonically controlled positive and negative pressure ventilation high-frequency breathing control system is adopted as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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