Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed are a communication method and apparatus, relating to the technical field of communications. On the basis of detected working states of transmission lanes comprised in a transmission medium, a communication device transmits to the transmission lanes in a normal working state a first-type data stream which carries valid data, and transmits to the transmission lanes in an abnormal working state a second-type data stream which does not carry valid data. Therefore, when some of the transmission lanes comprised in the transmission medium are in an abnormal working state, all the transmission lanes comprised in the transmission medium are still used for transmitting data, thereby achieving full-throughput transmission of the transmission medium, and improving the utilization rate of the bandwidth of the transmission medium.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on November 28, 2023, with application number 202311612239.X and invention name “A Communication Method and Device”. The entire contents of the application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0003] Two communicating devices can use wired transmission media to transmit data. A wired transmission medium refers to a physical transmission medium that connects two communicating devices, such as a twisted pair, coaxial cable, or optical fiber. A wired transmission medium may include multiple data transmission channels, such as a twisted pair that includes four data transmission channels. If some of the transmission channels included in the transmission medium fail, the data received by the data receiver may be inconsistent with the data sent by the data sender. In this case, the data transmission speed can be reduced to reduce the amount of data transmitted on the transmission channel to ensure that the data received by the data receiver is the same as the data sent by the data sender.

[0004] In the above process, the speed is reduced to ensure that the data received by the data receiver is consistent with the data sent by the data sender, and the bandwidth utilization of the transmission medium is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and apparatus to solve the problem of low bandwidth utilization of a transmission medium caused by reducing the speed to ensure that the data received by a data receiver matches the data sent by a data sender.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication method. The communication method is executed by a communication device, and the communication device is connected to a transmission medium. The communication method includes: the communication device detects the working status of each transmission channel of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and uses the transmission channels with normal working status as the first transmission channel set, and uses the transmission channels with abnormal working status as the second transmission channel set. The first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M ≥ 2, N ≥ 1. The communication device generates a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream that does not carry valid data. The communication device sends the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and sends the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

[0007] Based on the detected operating status of each transmission channel included in the transmission medium, the communication device transmits a first type of data stream carrying valid data to the transmission channels that are operating normally, and transmits a second type of data stream carrying no valid data to the transmission channels that are operating abnormally. In this way, even if some transmission channels included in the transmission medium are operating abnormally, all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are still fully utilized for data transmission, achieving full throughput transmission of the transmission medium and improving the utilization of the transmission medium's bandwidth.

[0008] In one possible implementation, when the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, the communication device obtains the second rate based on M, N and the first rate. The first rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting within a unit time when the working status of all transmission channels in the transmission medium are normal. The second rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting within a unit time when the working status of MN transmission channels in the transmission medium is abnormal. The communication device uses the second rate to send the first type of data stream to N transmission channels, and to send the second type of data stream to MN transmission channels. In this way, it is ensured that when the number of faulty transmission channels is less than the threshold number of faulty channels, full throughput data transmission is still maintained.

[0009] In another possible implementation, the communication device calculates the ratio of M to N to obtain a first value, and then multiplies the first rate by the first value to obtain a second rate. In this way, the communication device adjusts the maximum amount of data supported for transmission per unit time based on the actual operating status of the transmission channel, so that the amount of transmitted data matches the actual operating status of the transmission channel.

[0010] In another possible implementation, when the number of transmission channels with abnormal working conditions is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, the communication device obtains a second number based on M, N, and the first number. The first number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time when the working conditions of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are normal. The second number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time when the working conditions of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium are abnormal. The communication device uses the second number to send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels, and uses the second number to send the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels. In this way, full throughput data transmission is ensured even when the number of faulty transmission channels is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty channels.

[0011] In another possible implementation, the communication device calculates the ratio of N to M to obtain a second value, and then obtains a second quantity based on the second value and the first quantity. In this way, the communication device adjusts the number of data streams sent per unit time based on the actual operating status of the transmission channel, so that the number of data streams sent per unit time matches the actual operating status of the transmission channel.

[0012] In another possible implementation, the communications device obtains N symbols carrying valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set, and obtains MN symbols carrying no valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the second transmission channel set. The communications device then generates a first type of data stream using the N symbols carrying valid data, and generates a second type of data stream using the MN symbols carrying no valid data. This ensures that full data throughput is maintained even when the number of failed transmission channels is greater than or equal to a failed channel number threshold.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method. The communication method is executed by a communication device, which is connected to a transmission medium. The communication method includes: the communication device detects the working status of each transmission channel of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and takes the transmission channels with normal working status as the first transmission channel set, and takes the transmission channels with abnormal working status as the second transmission channel set. The first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1. The communication device receives a first type of data stream sent by N transmission channels, and receives a second type of data stream sent by MN transmission channels. The first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data. The communication device parses the first type of data stream and obtains the valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

[0014] In one possible implementation, when the number of transmission channels in abnormal operating states is less than a threshold number of faulty transmission channels, the communication device determines a second rate based on M, N, and the first rate. The first rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when all transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating normally. The second rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating abnormally. The communication device uses the second rate to receive the first type of data streams transmitted by N transmission channels and the second type of data streams transmitted by MN transmission channels.

[0015] In another possible implementation, the communication device calculates a ratio of M to N to obtain a first value, and the communication device obtains a second rate by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

[0016] In another possible implementation, when the number of transmission channels in abnormal operating states is greater than or equal to a threshold number of faulty transmission channels, the communication device obtains a second number based on M, N, and the first number. The first number indicates the number of data streams received by the communication device per unit time when all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are operating normally. The second number indicates the number of data streams received by the communication device per unit time when the operating states of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium are abnormal. The communication device uses the second number to receive first-category data streams transmitted by N transmission channels, and uses the second number to receive second-category data streams transmitted by MN transmission channels.

[0017] In another possible implementation, the communication device calculates the ratio of N to M to obtain a second value, and the communication device obtains the second quantity based on the second value and the first quantity.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication method. The communication method is performed by a communication system comprising: a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device and the second communication device being connected via a transmission medium. The communication method comprises: the first communication device and the second communication device respectively detecting the operating status of each of M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and selecting transmission channels with normal operating status as a first transmission channel set, and selecting transmission channels with abnormal operating status as a second transmission channel set. The first transmission channel set comprises N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set comprises MN transmission channels, where M and N are both positive integers, M ≥ 2 and N ≥ 1. The first communication device generates a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream carrying no valid data. The first communication device transmits the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and transmits the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels. The second communication device receives the first type of data stream transmitted by the N transmission channels and receives the second type of data stream transmitted by the MN transmission channels. The first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data. The second communication device parses the first type of data stream to obtain the valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which includes modules for executing the communication method of the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, or modules for executing the communication method of the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive signals from a device other than the communication device and transmit them to the processor, or to transmit signals from the processor to a device other than the communication device. The processor, through logic circuitry or executing code instructions, is configured to execute the communication method according to the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, or to execute the communication method according to the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, which includes at least two communication devices according to the fifth aspect.

[0022] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising computer software instructions that, when executed in a computing device, cause the computing device to execute the operating steps of the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0023] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer device executes the operation steps of the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the third to eighth aspects above can be referred to the description of any implementation in the first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here. Based on the implementation provided by the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a data transmission system provided by this application;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided by the present application;

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an abnormal working state;

[0028] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a rate determination method;

[0029] FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application;

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the location of an ASDM provided in this application;

[0031] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a marking carrier provided by the present application;

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the first data generation provided by this application;

[0033] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of the position of a RS provided in this application;

[0034] FIG9B is a schematic diagram of the second data generation provided by this application;

[0035] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the first data transmission provided by this application;

[0036] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the number of data streams sent per unit time provided by the present application;

[0037] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between an ACMB and an ASDM provided in this application;

[0038] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a second data transmission method provided by this application;

[0039] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of data transmission and reception provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 15 is a workflow diagram provided by this application;

[0041] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application;

[0042] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the description of the following embodiments clear and concise, a brief introduction to the relevant technology is first given.

[0044] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a data transmission system provided in the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the data transmission system 100 includes a source end 110 and a destination end 130 , and a communication system 120 for providing communication services to the source end 110 and the destination end 130 .

[0045] The source end 110 may refer to an electronic device that sends data. If the source end 110 is an application server or storage device that stores data, the source end 110 may use the communication system 120 to send data to other devices (the destination end 130 shown in Figure 1). The data stored by the source end 110 may include but is not limited to: audio, video, text or other types of data. When the data sent by the source end 110 is a video, audio or other multimedia file, the source end 110 may use streaming to transmit this data, such as a media stream. The destination end 130 does not download the entire streaming media file of the media stream before playing, so as to reduce the delay of the destination end 130 in playing the streaming media corresponding to the media stream and improve the quality of experience (QoE) of the user end.

[0046] Communication system 120 may include multiple intercommunication devices, such as communication device 1 through communication device n shown in FIG1 , where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Communication devices 1 through n may be connected via a transmission medium. Communication devices may include, but are not limited to, devices with data forwarding capabilities such as routers and interactive machines. Transmission media may include, but are not limited to, data transmission media such as twisted pair cables, coaxial cables, and optical fibers. For more information about communication system 120, please refer to the description of FIG2 below and will not be repeated here.

[0047] The destination end 130 may refer to an electronic device that requests data. For example, if the destination end 130 refers to a terminal, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a personal communication service (PCS) phone, a desktop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, and the like.

[0048] It is worth noting that the above-mentioned source end 110 and destination end 130 are merely examples provided in this embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the present application. The present application does not limit the specific form and number of the source end 110 and destination end 130 in the data transmission system 100.

[0049] The data transmission system provided by the present application is described above in conjunction with Figure 1. The communication system is further described below in conjunction with Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the communication system includes communication devices 1 to n, and communication devices 1 to n can be connected using a transmission medium such as a twisted pair, coaxial cable, or optical fiber. The following description of the communication system takes the example of a twisted pair comprising four pairs of cables connecting communication devices 1 to n as an example.

[0050] The various communication devices included in the communication system can communicate at speeds of 10 Gigabits per second (Gbps / G), 5G, 2.5G, 1G, 100 Megabits per second (Mbps / M), 10M, and so on. To maintain communication at 1G or higher speeds between the various communication devices in the communication system, all four pairs of cables in the twisted pair must function properly. In some possible examples, a pair of twisted-pair cables can also be referred to as a transmission channel of the twisted-pair cable.

[0051] In some possible scenarios, some of the transmission channels included in the twisted pair may fail and be unable to maintain normal working conditions (i.e., the working conditions are abnormal). Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an abnormal working condition. As shown in Figure 3 (a), the twisted pair includes: cable pair one (also known as pair A), cable pair two (also known as pair B), cable pair three (also known as pair C), and cable pair four (also known as pair D). Figure 3 (a) shows that pair A has failed. This failure may be a serious impedance discontinuity, open circuit, short circuit, etc. shown in Figure 3 (a), or other failures that cause normal communication failure that are not shown in Figure 3 (a). Figure 3 (b) shows the probability of failure of one cable, two cables, and three cables among the four pairs of cables included in the twisted pair. As shown in Figure 3 (b), the probability of failure of one cable is approximately 97%. In this case, the communication system can adopt a method of determining the communication rate that matches the working conditions of the transmission channel in descending order of rate to maintain the normal operation of the communication system. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a rate determination method. As shown in Figure 4 (a), the various communication devices included in the communication system first communicate at a high rate (e.g., 10G). When communicating at this rate, the receiver detects whether it can successfully receive the data transmitted by the sender. If the receiver cannot successfully receive the data transmitted by the sender, the various communication devices included in the communication system communicate at a lower rate (e.g., 5G). The above steps are repeated until the data transmitted by the sender is successfully received. The flowchart of the above process can be summarized as the process shown in Figure 4 (b). The method shown in Figure 4 uses a step-by-step method to reduce the communication rate to determine the communication rate that matches the communication status of the transmission channel included in the twisted pair cable.

[0052] Although the communication system can use the speed reduction method shown in Figure 4 to maintain communication even when the twisted pair cable is operating abnormally, the speed between the various communication devices in the communication system is relatively low, typically 100M or 10M. If a transmission channel in the twisted pair cable (such as the transmission channel that implements communication rate negotiation) fails, the communication system cannot maintain communication (link down).

[0053] Based on the above reasons, the present application provides a communication method, in which a first communication device transmits a first type of data stream carrying valid data on a transmission channel in a normal operating state, and transmits a second type of data stream carrying no valid data on a transmission channel in an abnormal operating state. In this way, even if some transmission channels included in a transmission medium are in an abnormal operating state, all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are still fully used for data transmission, thereby achieving full throughput transmission of the transmission medium and improving the utilization rate of the transmission medium's bandwidth.

[0054] FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application. This method can be implemented by the communication system described in FIG1 . The communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device, and the first and second communication devices are connected via a transmission medium. The following describes the communication method implemented by the present application using a twisted pair as the transmission medium. The communication method includes the following steps S510 to S550 .

[0055] S510: The first communication device detects the working status of each transmission channel among M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and uses the transmission channels with normal working status as the first transmission channel set and the transmission channels with abnormal working status as the second transmission channel set.

[0056] Corresponding to S510, the second communication device executes S510A, specifically: the second communication device detects the working status of each transmission channel among the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and takes the transmission channels with normal working status as the first transmission channel set and the transmission channels with abnormal working status as the second transmission channel set.

[0057] The first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, where M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, and N≥1.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first communication device can use a fault diagnosis module to detect the working status of the transmission channels included in the twisted pair. Specifically, the first communication device uses the fault diagnosis module to send test signals to the twisted pair: pairA, pairB, pairC, and pairD, respectively, and detect the test signals on each transmission channel to obtain the working status of each transmission channel, and obtain the first transmission channel set and the second transmission channel set based on the working status of each transmission channel. The fault diagnosis module can be provided by the first communication device, such as a module for fault diagnosis included in the physical layer (phy) of the first communication device, or it can be not provided by the first communication device, such as a module that can implement fault diagnosis provided by other devices or assembled on the first communication device.

[0059] The first transmission channel set and the second transmission channel set may include different numbers of transmission channels. Taking a twisted pair cable including four pairs of cables, pairA, pairB, pairC and pairD as an example, pairA corresponds to A transmission channel (also known as A), pairB corresponds to B transmission channel (also known as B), pairC corresponds to C transmission channel (also known as C), and pairD corresponds to D transmission channel (also known as D).

[0060] In example A, the first transmission channel set may include any three transmission channels of A, B, C, and D, and the second transmission channel set may include the other transmission channel of the twisted pair. For example, the first transmission channel set may include A, B, and C, and the second transmission channel set may include D.

[0061] In example B, the first transmission channel set may include any two transmission channels of A, B, C, and D, and the second transmission channel set may include the other two transmission channels of the twisted pair. For example, the first transmission channel set may include A and B, and the second transmission channel set may include C and D.

[0062] In example C, the first transmission channel set may include any one of transmission channels A, B, C, and D, and the second transmission channel set may include the other three transmission channels of the twisted pair. For example, the first transmission channel set may include A, and the second transmission channel set may include B, C, and D.

[0063] In one possible scenario, the first communication device may use a combination of 1s and 0s to represent the operating status of each transmission channel included in the twisted pair. For example, the first communication device may use 1 to indicate that the transmission channel is operating normally, and 0 to indicate that the transmission channel is operating abnormally. The first communication device may store the operating status of each transmission channel included in the twisted pair at the physical layer. Depending on the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set and the second transmission channel set, the operating status of the transmission channels included in the twisted pair stored by the first communication device may also differ, as described below in different scenarios.

[0064] Scenario 1: Example A describes a situation where a transmission channel is damaged.

[0065] In this case, the first communication device may store the working status of each channel included in the twisted pair using the representation shown in Table 1. In Table 1, normal indicates a normal working status, abnormal indicates an abnormal working status, and other indicates other transmission channels.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Scenario 2: Example B describes a situation where two transmission channels are damaged.

[0068] In this case, the first communication device may use the representation shown in Table 2 to store the working status of each channel included in the twisted pair line.

[0069] Table 2

[0070] Scenario 3: Example C describes a situation where three transmission channels are damaged.

[0071] In this case, the first communication device may store the working status of each channel in the manner shown in Table 3.

[0072] Table 3

[0073] The above describes the use of 1 to indicate that the working status of the transmission channel is normal. In some possible examples, the first communication device may also use 0 to indicate that the working status of the transmission channel is normal, and use 1 to indicate that the working status of the transmission channel is abnormal. This application does not limit the method of indicating the working status, and other methods may be used according to the needs of actual applications.

[0074] S520: The first communication device generates a first type of data flow carrying valid data and a second type of data flow not carrying valid data.

[0075] The first communication device may generate the first type of data stream and the second type of data stream in different ways. Two possible implementations are given below.

[0076] Method 1

[0077] The first communication device can use an adaptive symbol distribution module (ASDM) to generate a first type of data stream and a second type of data stream. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the position of an ASDM provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the ASDM can be located in the physical coding sublayer (PCS) of the first communication device, such as between the medium-dependent coding (such as PAM16) and the symbol distribution module. The ASDM may include a data buffer, a PAD generation module and a control module, wherein the data buffer is used to cache data, and the PAD generation module is used to generate a pad symbol. The first communication device can use a corresponding identifier in the message to indicate that the ASDM is used. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an identifier carrying provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the reserved field (i.e., rsvd) located in the least significant bit is used to indicate that the ASDM is used.

[0078] The following takes 10G-BASE-T PHY as an example to illustrate a process in which a first communication device uses ASDM to generate a first type of data stream and a second type of data stream.

[0079] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the first data generation provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the link layer (Medium Access Control, MAC) of the first communication device uses the XGMII interface (Xgmiiinterface) to send a link layer message to the PCS of the first communication device. The PCS receives the link layer message sent by the link layer and splices two XGMII data (single data volume is: 32 bits) into 64-bit data, and adds 1 bit of data or control indication to the 64-bit data to obtain 65-bit spliced ​​data. The 65-bit spliced ​​data is scrambled to form a 65-bit data block. The PCS uses 25 blocks, 97 zeros and 1 auxiliary bit to obtain 1723 bits of data, and uses a forward error correction code (Forward Error Correction, FEC) (such as LDPC (1723, 2048)) to form a 2048-bit code block. The 2048-bit code block is coded by a medium (such as PAM16) to form 512 symbols. The symbols generated by the first communication device using valid data are the first type of data stream, otherwise the symbols generated are the second type of data stream. In this application, the symbols included in the first type of data stream are called data symbols, and the symbols included in the second type of data stream are also called pad symbols.

[0080] Method 2

[0081] Figure 9A is a schematic diagram of the position of an RS provided by this application. As shown in Figure 9A, the reconciliation sublayer (RS) is located in the link layer (Medium Access Control, MAC) of the first communication device. Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of the second data generation provided by this application. As shown in Figure 9B, the first communication device uses the reconciliation sublayer to adjust the effective data bandwidth transmitted to the PCS so that the data symbol to be transmitted on the transmission channel matches the normal transmission channel. Taking the status of each transmission channel included in the transmission medium as 1100 as an example, when sending data, the RS of the first communication device copies the data block to be sent, and the RS pulls down the MII enable signal at the repeated data block position so that the data to be transmitted on each transmission channel is in the form shown in Figure 9B (D0D1D0D1...). In this case, the PCS main frequency is kept unchanged, and the effective bandwidth between the RS and PCS becomes the bandwidth that the physical link can actually transmit, thereby achieving full use of the existing physical bandwidth. When receiving data, the second communication device receives the data block in the same manner as the RS of the first communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] S530: The first communication device sends a first type of data stream to N transmission channels and sends a second type of data stream to MN transmission channels.

[0083] Corresponding to S530, the second communication device executes S540, specifically: the second communication device receives the first type of data streams sent by N transmission channels and the second type of data streams sent by MN transmission channels.

[0084] Depending on the number of transmission channels in abnormal working status, the first communication device sends data to each transmission channel included in the transmission medium in the same manner, which is described below in different situations.

[0085] Scenario 1: The number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels.

[0086] In one possible scenario, a first communications device derives a second rate based on M, N, and the first rate, and uses the second rate to transmit the first type of data stream to N transmission channels and the second type of data stream to MN transmission channels. The first rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when all transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating normally. The second rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating abnormally.

[0087] The first communication device may obtain the second rate in the following manner: specifically, the first communication device calculates a ratio of M to N to obtain a first value, and obtains the second rate by multiplying the first rate by the first value. The first communication device may obtain the second rate in various manners, several possible examples of which are provided below.

[0088] Example 11: The first communication device may use formula (1) to obtain the second rate.

[0089] Wherein, v1 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all M transmission channels are in normal working condition, v2 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all N transmission channels are in normal working condition, M is the number of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and N is the number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium in normal working condition.

[0090] Example 12: The first communication device may use formula (2) to obtain the second rate.

[0091] Wherein, v1 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all M transmission channels are in normal working condition, v2 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all N transmission channels are in normal working condition, M is the number of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium, N is the number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium in normal working condition, and c is a constant.

[0092] Example 13: The first communication device may use formula (3) to obtain the second rate.

[0093] Wherein, v1 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all M transmission channels are in normal working condition, v2 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all N transmission channels are in normal working condition, M is the number of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium, N is the number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium in normal working condition, and a is a constant.

[0094] Example 14: The first communication device may use formula (4) to obtain the second rate.

[0095] Wherein, v1 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all M transmission channels are in normal working condition, v2 is the data transmission rate of each transmission channel when all N transmission channels are in normal working condition, M is the number of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium, N is the number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium in normal working condition, and a and c are constants.

[0096] Taking the case where the first communication device obtains the second rate using Example 11, the threshold number of faulty transmission channels is 2, and one transmission channel is faulty as an example, the process of the first communication device transmitting the first type of data stream and the second type of data stream is described.

[0097] The first communication device compares the number of transmission channels that have failed (i.e., 1) with the threshold number of faulty transmission channels (i.e., 2), and obtains that the number of transmission channels that have failed is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels. In this case, Figure 10 is a first data transmission schematic diagram provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the ASDM of the first communication device sends data symbols to the three transmission channels (i.e., transmission channel A, transmission channel B, and transmission channel D) included in the first transmission channel set at (4 / 3)*v1 according to the working status of each transmission channel obtained by the fault diagnosis module (e.g., 1101), and sends a pad symbol to one transmission channel (i.e., transmission channel C). The ASDM uses a data buffer and control logic to increase the pad symbol. The ASDM writes the data symbol (first type of data stream) into the data buffer according to the accompanying clock frequency (frequency, F), and the ASDM uses a second frequency (4 / 3*F) to read the data symbol in the data buffer. When the counter counts to 1, 2, and 4, the read enable transmits the data symbol to transmission channel A, transmission channel B, and transmission channel D, and when the counter counts to 3, the pad symbol is transmitted to transmission channel C.

[0098] In the above process, when transmission channel C is damaged, the data symbol in the data buffer is read at a second frequency (4 / 3*F), so that the baud rate (Baud) of the data on transmission channel A, transmission channel B, and transmission channel D is 4 / 3 times the baud rate on each transmission channel when no failure occurs in each transmission channel. In this way, it is ensured that when the number of failed transmission channels is less than the failed channel number threshold, full throughput data transmission is still maintained.

[0099] The first communication device sends a data symbol on a transmission channel in normal working condition and a pad symbol on a transmission channel in abnormal working condition. The second communication device receives data symbols from the transmission channel in normal working condition and discards pad symbols received from the transmission channel in abnormal working condition. Continuing with Figure 10 , the second communication device can use ASDM to receive data on the transmission medium. The ASDM utilizes FIFO and control logic to receive data symbols from transmission channels A, B, and D when the counter counts are 1, 2, and 4, and discards the pad symbol transmitted by transmission channel C when the counter count is 3. This ensures that throughput remains unchanged even when the number of faulty transmission channels is less than the faulty channel threshold.

[0100] Scenario 2: The number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels.

[0101] In this case, depending on whether the first communication device adjusts its associated clock frequency (ie, the number of data streams sent per unit time, also referred to as the first number), there are multiple different processing methods, and two possible examples are given below.

[0102] Example A: The first communication device adjusts the associated clock frequency.

[0103] In a first possible scenario, the first communications device determines a second quantity based on M, N, and the first quantity, and uses the second quantity to send the first type of data stream to N transmission channels, and uses the second quantity to send the second type of data stream to MN transmission channels. The first quantity indicates the number of data streams sent by the communications device per unit time when all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are operating normally. The second quantity indicates the number of data streams sent by the communications device per unit time when the operating states of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium are abnormal.

[0104] The first communications device may obtain the second number in the following manner: specifically, the first communications device calculates a ratio of M to N to obtain a second value, and then multiplies the first rate by the product of the two values ​​to obtain the second number. The first communications device may obtain the second number in various manners, several possible examples of which are provided below.

[0105] Example 21: The first communication device may use formula (5) to obtain the second quantity.

[0106] Where m1 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all M transmission channels are operating normally. m2 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all N transmission channels are operating normally. M is the total number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and N is the number of transmission channels included in the transmission medium that are operating normally.

[0107] Example 22: The first communication device may use formula (6) to obtain the second quantity.

[0108] Where m1 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all M transmission channels are operating normally. m2 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all N transmission channels are operating normally. M is the total number of transmission channels on the transmission medium, N is the number of normal transmission channels on the transmission medium, and c is a constant.

[0109] Example 23: The first communication device may use formula (7) to obtain the second quantity.

[0110] Where m1 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all M transmission channels are operating normally. m2 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all N transmission channels are operating normally. M is the total number of transmission channels on the transmission medium, N is the number of transmission channels on the transmission medium that are operating normally, and a is a constant.

[0111] Example 24: The first communication device may use formula (8) to obtain the second quantity.

[0112] Where m1 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all M transmission channels are operating normally. m2 is the number of data streams sent by the communication device per unit time, assuming all N transmission channels are operating normally. M is the total number of transmission channels on the transmission medium, N is the number of normal transmission channels on the transmission medium, and a and c are constants.

[0113] Taking the case where the first communication device obtains the second number using Example 21, the threshold number of faulty transmission channels is 2, and there are two transmission channel faults as an example, the process of the first communication device transmitting the first type of data stream and the second type of data stream is described.

[0114] The first communication device compares the number of failed transmission channels (i.e., 2) with the threshold number of failed transmission channels (i.e., 2), and determines that the number of failed transmission channels is equal to the threshold number of failed transmission channels. In this case, the first communication device uses the Adaptive Clock Management Block (ACMB) to adjust the number of data streams sent by the first communication device per unit time (i.e., the first number) based on the working status of each transmission channel obtained by the fault diagnosis module (e.g., 1001), thereby obtaining a second number.

[0115] The process of the first communication device adjusting the first quantity to the second quantity is described as follows: the first communication device can adjust the value of M / N / C in Figure 11, change the first quantity to obtain a second quantity that matches the bandwidth of the normally operating transmission channel. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a method for adjusting the number of data streams sent per unit time provided by the present application. The ACMB uses the working status of each transmission channel obtained by the fault diagnosis module (i.e., 1001) as input to adjust the frequency adjustment coefficient (M / N / C), thereby generating a clock frequency (i.e., the second quantity) that matches the actual bandwidth. For example, in the case of failure of transmission channel B and transmission channel C, the ACMB adjusts the associated clock frequency of the first communication device to 2 / 4 of the case where each transmission channel is operating normally. In this case, the PCS throughput of the first communication device becomes 2 / 4 of the PCS throughput when each transmission channel is operating normally. Regarding the adjustment process of the M / N / C value, please refer to the general technology and will not be repeated here. The ACMB can be integrated inside the PHY chip or exist independently. Considering the clock SI and chip integration, under normal circumstances, the ACMB is integrated into the PHY chip. As shown in FIG12 , FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between ACMB and ASDM provided in this application.

[0116] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a second data transmission method provided by the present application. As shown in FIG13 , the ASDM of the first communication device sends data symbols to two transmission channels (i.e., transmission channel A and transmission channel D) included in the first transmission channel set, and sends pad symbols to two transmission channels (i.e., transmission channel B and transmission channel C) based on the operating status of each transmission channel obtained by the fault diagnosis module (e.g., 1001). The ASDM uses a data buffer and control logic to increase the pad symbol. When the counter counts are 1 and 4, the read enable transmits the data symbol to transmission channel A and transmission channel D, and when the counter counts are 2 and 3, the pad symbol is transmitted to transmission channel B and transmission channel C.

[0117] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of data transmission and reception provided by the present application. As shown in FIG14(a), during transmission, the ASDM of the first communication device writes the data symbol (first type of data stream) into the data buffer according to the second quantity (2 / 4*F). The ASDM also uses the first quantity (F) to read the data symbol in the data buffer. Specifically, the control module uses a counter with a count of 4 to read the data symbol when the counter counts to 1 or 4, and inserts the pad symbol when the counter counts to 2 or 3. Finally, data in the form of "data symbol-pad symbol-pad symbol-data symbol" is formed, and the distribution module sends data in this form to all transmission channels included in the transmission medium. Corresponding to the data transmission process of the first communication device, the second communication device receives data from the transmission channel. As shown in FIG14(b), during reception, the ASDM of the second communication device discards the pad symbol received from the transmission channel with abnormal working status, and writes the data symbol received from the transmission channel with normal working status into the data buffer. The ASDM uses the second quantity (2 / 4*F) to read the data symbol from the data buffer. This enables full throughput transmission of the transmission medium (i.e., “data symbol-pad symbol-pad symbol-data symbol”) in the event of failure of two transmission channels.

[0118] Example B: The first communication device does not adjust the associated clock frequency.

[0119] The first communications device obtains N symbols carrying valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set, and obtains MN symbols not carrying valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the second transmission channel set. The first communications device generates a first type of data stream using the N symbols carrying valid data, and generates a second type of data stream using the MN symbols not carrying valid data.

[0120] Exemplarily, the RS receiving side of the first communication device copies the data symbol. Furthermore, the RS transmitting side of the first communication device, based on the status of each transmission channel obtained by the fault diagnosis module (e.g., 1100), enables the MII signal when corresponding to data transmitted to transmission channels A, B, and C, to obtain the data symbol transmitted to transmission channels A, B, and C, and lowers the MII enable signal when corresponding to data transmitted to transmission channel D, to obtain the pad symbol transmitted to transmission channel D. The PCS main frequency remains unchanged, and the data transmitted from the MAC layer of the first communication device to the PHY layer matches the status of each transmission channel, so that the effective bandwidth between the RS and PCS becomes the bandwidth that the transmission medium can actually transmit (i.e., a transmission channel in normal working condition), thereby fully utilizing the existing physical bandwidth.

[0121] After S540 , the second communication device may further execute S550 , which is specifically: the second communication device parses the first type of data stream to obtain valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

[0122] The communication method provided in this application is described above using a twisted pair cable comprising four cable pairs as the transmission medium and a faulty transmission channel threshold of 1 as an example. In some possible cases, the transmission medium may also be a coaxial cable, an optical fiber, etc., and the faulty transmission channel threshold may also be another number, which is not limited in this application.

[0123] Figure 15 is a flowchart provided by the present application. As shown in Figure 15 , the communication device diagnoses transmission channel faults, uses an adaptive symbol distribution module to distribute data to the transmission channels, and verifies the accuracy of the data transmitted by the transmission channels. In this way, even if some transmission channels included in the transmission medium are operating abnormally, all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are still fully utilized for data transmission, achieving full throughput transmission of the transmission medium and improving the utilization of the transmission medium's bandwidth.

[0124] Corresponding to S530, the first communication device detects the operating status of each of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and determines a first set of transmission channels with normal operating status and a second set of transmission channels with abnormal operating status. A second communication device receives first-type data streams transmitted by N transmission channels and second-type data streams transmitted by M−N transmission channels. The first-type data streams carry valid data, while the second-type data streams do not carry valid data. The second communication device parses the first-type data streams to obtain the valid data carried by the first-type data streams.

[0125] The communication method provided in the present application is described above using the example of a first communication device sending a first type of data stream carrying valid data to a transmission channel in a normal working state, and sending a second type of data stream that does not carry valid data to a transmission channel in an abnormal working state. In some possible examples, the first communication device may also close the transmission channel in an abnormal working state and send the first type of data stream carrying valid data to the transmission channel in a normal working state. For example, the first communication device may use the Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer (PMA) to implement the function of sending the first type of data stream carrying valid data to the transmission channel in a normal working state. In this way, the power consumption of the first communication device can be reduced. In other possible examples, the second communication device may also close the transmission channel in an abnormal working state and receive the first type of data stream carrying valid data transmitted by the transmission channel in a normal working state. For example, the second communication device may use the Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer (PMA) to implement the function of receiving the first type of data stream carrying valid data transmitted by the transmission channel in a normal working state. In this way, the power consumption of the second communication device can be reduced. According to the needs of actual applications, only one of the first communication device and the second communication device may close the transmission channel with abnormal working status, or both of them may close the transmission channel with abnormal working status. This application is not limited to this.

[0126] The present application also provides a communication device. FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application. The communication device can implement the functions of the first communication device or the second communication device in FIG5. When the communication device 1600 is used to implement the functions of the first communication device, as shown in FIG16, the communication device 1600 includes: a detection module 1610, a processing module 1620, and a transceiver module 1630.

[0127] Detection module 1610 is configured to detect the operating status of each of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and to define transmission channels with normal operating status as a first transmission channel set and transmission channels with abnormal operating status as a second transmission channel set. The first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, where M and N are both positive integers, M ≥ 2 and N ≥ 1. Processing module 1620 is configured to generate a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream carrying no valid data. Transceiver module 1630 is configured to send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

[0128] In one possible scenario, when the number of transmission channels in abnormal operating states is less than a threshold number of faulty transmission channels, processing module 1620 is specifically configured to obtain a second rate based on M, N, and the first rate. The first rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when all transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating normally. The second rate indicates the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports transmitting per unit time when MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are operating abnormally. Transceiver module 1630 is specifically configured to use the second rate to send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and to send the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

[0129] In another possible scenario, the processing module 1620 is specifically configured to calculate a ratio of M to N to obtain a first value, and the processing module 1620 is further specifically configured to obtain a second rate by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

[0130] In another possible scenario, when the number of transmission channels in abnormal operating states is greater than or equal to a threshold number of faulty transmission channels, processing module 1620 is specifically configured to obtain a second number based on M, N, and the first number. The first number indicates the number of data streams transmitted by the communication device per unit time when all transmission channels included in the transmission medium are in normal operating states. The second number indicates the number of data streams transmitted by the communication device per unit time when the operating states of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium are abnormal. Transceiver module 1630 is specifically configured to use the second number to transmit the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels, and use the second number to transmit the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

[0131] In another possible scenario, the processing module 1620 is specifically configured to calculate a ratio of N to M to obtain a second value, and the processing module 1620 is further specifically configured to obtain a second quantity based on the second value and the first quantity.

[0132] In another possible scenario, when the number of transmission channels in abnormal operating states is greater than or equal to a threshold number of faulty transmission channels, processing module 1620 is specifically configured to obtain N symbols carrying valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set, and to obtain MN symbols carrying no valid data based on the number of transmission channels included in the second transmission channel set. Processing module 1620 is further specifically configured to generate a first type of data stream using the N symbols carrying valid data, and to generate a second type of data stream using the MN symbols carrying no valid data.

[0133] The above describes the functions of each module when the communication device 1600 is used to implement the functions of the first communication device in Figure 5. The following describes in detail the specific role of each module when the communication device 1600 is used to implement the functions of the second communication device in Figure 5.

[0134] Detection module 1610 is configured to detect the operating status of each of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and to define the transmission channels with normal operating status as a first transmission channel set and the transmission channels with abnormal operating status as a second transmission channel set. The first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, where M and N are both positive integers, M ≥ 2, and N ≥ 1. Transceiver module 1630 is configured to receive a first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and to receive a second type of data stream sent by MN transmission channels. The first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data. Processing module 1620 is configured to parse the first type of data stream to obtain the valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

[0135] For other functions implemented by detection module 1610 and processing module 1620, please refer to the description of detection module 1610 and processing module 1620 in Figure 16 above and will not be repeated here. Unlike the first communication device, the second communication device includes a transceiver module 1630, which is configured to receive data sent by transceiver module 1630 in the first communication device. For more information about transceiver module 1630, please refer to the description above and will not be repeated here.

[0136] Based on the above description of the communication method and communication device provided by this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the following description of the communication device provided by this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided by this application. As shown in Figure 17, the communication device 1700 includes: a processor 1710, a bus 1720, a memory 1730, a memory unit 1750 (also known as a main memory (m17in memory) unit), and a communication interface 1740. The processor 1710, the memory 1730, the memory unit 1750, and the communication interface 1740 are connected via the bus 1720.

[0137] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor 1710 may be a CPU, but may also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0138] The communication interface 1740 is used to implement communication between the communication device 1700 and an external device or component. In this embodiment, the communication interface 1740 is used to exchange data with other communication devices.

[0139] Bus 1720 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components (e.g., processor 1710, memory unit 1750, and storage 1730). In addition to a data bus, bus 1720 may also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are labeled as bus 1720 in the figure. Bus 1720 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, a unified bus (Ubus or UB), a compute express link (CXL), a cache coherent interconnect for accelerators (CCIX), etc.

[0140] As an example, the communication device 1700 may include multiple processors. The processor may be a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or computing units for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions). The processor 1710 may call the valid data stored in the memory 1730 and use the valid data to generate a first type of data stream carrying the valid data.

[0141] It is worth noting that Figure 17 only takes the communication device 1700 including 1 processor 1710 and 1 memory 1730 as an example. Here, the processor 1710 and the memory 1730 are respectively used to indicate a type of device or equipment. In a specific embodiment, the number of each type of device or equipment can be determined according to business requirements.

[0142] Memory unit 1750 may correspond to the storage medium for storing valid data in the above-mentioned method embodiment. Memory unit 1750 may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0143] The memory 1730 is used to store the new version of the first application and may be a solid state drive or a mechanical hard disk.

[0144] It should be understood that the communication device 1700 described above may be a DPU. The communication device 1700 according to this embodiment may correspond to the communication apparatus 1600 in this embodiment and may correspond to performing the functions of the first communication device or the second communication device in FIG5 . The above-mentioned and other operations and / or functions of the various modules in the communication apparatus 1600 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in FIG5 , and for the sake of brevity, they are not further described here.

[0145] The method steps in this embodiment can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a computing device. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a network device or a terminal device.

[0146] The present application also provides a chip system, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of the data processing unit in the above method. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system can be composed of a chip alone or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0147] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiments of the present application is performed in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device or other programmable device. The computer program or instruction can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer program or instruction can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); it can also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0148] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and such modifications or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a communication device, the communication device is connected to a transmission medium, and the method includes: Detecting the working state of each transmission channel among the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and taking the transmission channels with normal working states as the first transmission channel set, and taking the transmission channels with abnormal working states as the second transmission channel set; wherein the first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1; Generate a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream not carrying valid data; The first type of data stream is sent to the N transmission channels, and the second type of data stream is sent to the MN transmission channels.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The sending the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and sending the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels includes: Obtaining a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate; The first rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of all transmission channels in the transmission medium are normal; the second rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are abnormal; The first type of data streams are sent to the N transmission channels using the second rate, and the second type of data streams are sent to the MN transmission channels.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The obtaining a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate includes: Calculating a ratio of the M to the N to obtain a first value; The second rate is obtained by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The sending the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and sending the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels includes: Obtain a second quantity according to the M, the N and the first quantity; The first number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium is normal; the second number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium is abnormal; The first type of data stream is sent to the N transmission channels using the second number, and the second type of data stream is sent to the MN transmission channels using the second number.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The obtaining a second frequency according to the M, the N and the first number includes: Calculate the ratio of the N to the M to obtain a second value; The second quantity is obtained according to the second value and the first quantity.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The generating of the first type of data stream carrying valid data and the second type of data stream not carrying valid data comprises: According to the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set, N symbols carrying valid data are obtained, and according to the number of transmission channels included in the second transmission channel set, MN symbols not carrying valid data are obtained; A first type of data stream is generated by using the N symbols carrying valid data, and a second type of data stream is generated by using the MN symbols not carrying valid data.

7. A communication method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a communication device, the communication device is connected to a transmission medium, and the method includes: Detecting the working state of each transmission channel among the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and taking the transmission channels with normal working states as the first transmission channel set, and taking the transmission channels with abnormal working states as the second transmission channel set; wherein the first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1; Receiving a first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and receiving a second type of data stream sent by the MN transmission channels; wherein the first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data; The first type of data stream is parsed to obtain valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The receiving the first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and receiving the second type of data stream sent by the MN transmission channels, comprises: Obtaining a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate; The first rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of all transmission channels in the transmission medium are normal; the second rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are abnormal; The first type of data streams sent by the N transmission channels are received at the second rate, and the second type of data streams sent by the MN transmission channels are received.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The obtaining a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate includes: Calculating a ratio of the M to the N to obtain a first value; The second rate is obtained by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The receiving the first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and receiving the second type of data stream sent by the MN transmission channels, comprises: Obtain a second quantity according to the M, the N and the first quantity; The first number is used to indicate the number of data streams received by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium is normal; the second number is used to indicate the number of data streams received by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium is abnormal; The first type of data streams sent by the N transmission channels are received using the second number, and the second type of data streams sent by the MN transmission channels are received using the second number.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The obtaining a second frequency according to the M, the N and the first number includes: Calculate the ratio of the N to the M to obtain a second value; The second quantity is obtained according to the second value and the first quantity.

12. A communication method, characterized in that: The communication method is performed by a communication system, the communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device and the second communication device are connected using a transmission medium, and the method includes: The first communication device and the second communication device respectively detect the working state of each transmission channel of the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and use the transmission channels with normal working states as the first transmission channel set, and use the transmission channels with abnormal working states as the second transmission channel set; wherein the first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1; The first communication device generates a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream not carrying valid data; The first communication device sends the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and sends the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels; The second communication device receives the first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and receives the second type of data stream sent by the MN transmission channels; wherein the first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data; The second communication device parses the first type of data stream to obtain valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

13. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises: A detection module, used to: detect the working state of each transmission channel in the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and use the transmission channels with normal working states as the first transmission channel set, and use the transmission channels with abnormal working states as the second transmission channel set; wherein the first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1; A processing module, used to: generate a first type of data stream carrying valid data and a second type of data stream not carrying valid data; The transceiver module is used to send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels and send the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The processing module is specifically used to: obtain a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate; The first rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of all transmission channels in the transmission medium are normal; the second rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are abnormal; The transceiver module is specifically used to: send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels at the second rate, and send the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that The processing module is specifically used to: calculate the ratio of the M to the N to obtain a first value; The processing module is further specifically configured to obtain the second rate by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

16. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The processing module is specifically used to: obtain a second number according to the M, the N and the first number; The first number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium is normal; the second number is used to indicate the number of data streams sent by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium is abnormal; The transceiver module is specifically used to: use the second number to send the first type of data stream to the N transmission channels, and use the second number to send the second type of data stream to the MN transmission channels.

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that The processing module is specifically used to: calculate the ratio of N to M to obtain a second value; The processing module is further specifically configured to obtain the second quantity according to the second value and the first quantity.

18. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The processing module is specifically configured to: obtain N symbols carrying valid data according to the number of transmission channels included in the first transmission channel set, and obtain MN symbols not carrying valid data according to the number of transmission channels included in the second transmission channel set; The processing module is further specifically configured to: generate a first type of data stream using the N symbols carrying valid data, and generate a second type of data stream using the MN symbols not carrying valid data.

19. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises: A detection module, used to: detect the working state of each transmission channel in the M transmission channels included in the transmission medium, and use the transmission channels with normal working states as the first transmission channel set, and use the transmission channels with abnormal working states as the second transmission channel set; wherein the first transmission channel set includes N transmission channels, and the second transmission channel set includes MN transmission channels, M and N are both positive integers, M≥2, N≥1; A transceiver module, configured to: receive the first type of data stream sent by the N transmission channels, and receive the second type of data stream sent by the MN transmission channels; wherein the first type of data stream carries valid data, and the second type of data stream does not carry valid data; The processing module is used to: parse the first type of data stream to obtain valid data carried by the first type of data stream.

20. The communication device according to claim 19, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is less than the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The processing module is specifically used to: obtain a second rate according to the M, the N and the first rate; The first rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of all transmission channels in the transmission medium are normal; the second rate is used to indicate the maximum amount of data that the transmission medium supports for transmission within a unit time when the working states of MN transmission channels in the transmission medium are abnormal; The transceiver module is specifically used to: receive the first type of data streams sent by the N transmission channels at the second rate, and receive the second type of data streams sent by the MN transmission channels.

21. The communication device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The processing module is specifically used to: calculate the ratio of the M to the N to obtain a first value; The processing module is further specifically configured to obtain the second rate by multiplying the first rate by the first value.

22. The communication device according to claim 19, characterized in that When the number of transmission channels with abnormal working status is greater than or equal to the threshold number of faulty transmission channels, The processing module is specifically used to: obtain a second number according to the M, the N and the first number; The first number is used to indicate the number of data streams received by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of all transmission channels included in the transmission medium is normal; the second number is used to indicate the number of data streams received by the communication device within a unit time when the working status of MN transmission channels included in the transmission medium is abnormal; The transceiver module is specifically used to: use the second number to receive the first type of data streams sent by the N transmission channels, and use the second number to receive the second type of data streams sent by the MN transmission channels.

23. The communication device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The processing module is specifically used to calculate the ratio of N to M to obtain a second value The processing module is further specifically configured to obtain the second quantity according to the second value and the first quantity.

24. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive a signal from a device other than the communication device and transmit it to the processor, or to send a signal from the processor to a device other than the communication device; The processor is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 through logic circuits or executing code instructions.

25. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises: at least two communication devices according to claim 24; One of the communication devices is connected to another communication device via a transmission medium, the one communication device is used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the other communication device is used to implement the method described in any one of claims 7 to 11.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: include: Computer software instructions; when the computer software instructions are executed in a communication device, the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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