Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated in unmanned aerial vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system that is integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, can transfer communication to any point in the world as a network communication different from electronic communication by making it digital in addition to increasing the communication quality and distance of handheld radios in V / UHF electronic communication bands, and works in coordination with other relay and communication systems. The relay in the system is based on 2 different operating principles; Classical Electromagnetic Communication, DMR (network based) communication. Both communications are selected according to the data flow in the region. While all communication traffic in the region is instantly transferred to the ground control station, a connection can be established to any point in the world simultaneously with the DMR system. Unlike current systems, the relay system provides the clearest and most secure communication with the RX and TX hardware used as well as the filtering software during transmission. It is a collective Electromagnetic Communication System that has the ability to see, listen and record all electromagnetic audio signal communication traffic in the flight line coverage area, together with the Electromagnetic Signal listening system. In order for the antennas in the system components not to prevent the UAV system from performing its mission during RX&TX and to work integratedly without damaging the GCS-UAV communication, the communication method in the UAV system and the components in the Electromagnetic Communication system have been created together and a healthy mission system integration has been created by preventing any delay or corrupted data during the mission.

Description

[0001] RADIO COMMUNICATION RELAY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNAL LISTENING SYSTEM INTEGRATED IN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

[0002] Technical field of the invention

[0003] The invention relates to the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system that is integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, can transfer communication to any point in the world as a network communication different from electronic communication by making it digital (DMR: Digital Mobile Radio) in addition to increasing the communication quality and distance of handheld radios in V / UHF electronic communication bands, and works in coordination with other relay and communication systems.

[0004] State of the Art

[0005] Simplex (analogue) call is when two radios communicate directly on the same frequency. This type of conversation is called simplex (close channel conversation). The output power of the radio device, altitude, open area, terrain conditions and weather conditions affect the distance the radio can reach. The transmission distance of handheld radios is shorter due to low output power, antenna etc.

[0006] Another way to make relay calls with analogue radios and long-distance calls with handheld devices is to make calls with a repeater. Relay stations are placed on hills as high as possible. The relay rebroadcasts the information it receives simultaneously by changing its frequency. Radios in the area cannot communicate with each other directly but can receive information repeated by the relay. In this way, it is possible for devices that do not see each other directly to communicate. The relay station receives the incoming signal on a specific frequency. It broadcasts on a different frequency, often more powerful than the handset. Receiving and transmitting are done using the receive-transmit frequency pair.

[0007] DMR, an abbreviation of the words Digital Mobile Radio, is a digital radio system that has emerged for commercial purposes, but is popular worldwide because it allows long distance communication very easily using its advantages and internet infrastructure. The network requirement for communication is very low. In classical terms, a single thread (H) level network connection is sufficient for the DMR system to operate. The digital radio system first converts sound into digital data. This converted audio is of too high size to preserve quality. Since it is not possible to transfer this data in real time via radio, this audio data is encoded with a software or hardware called CODEC. That is, it is compressed according to a certain algorithm. (Compression processes such as zip / rar are similar processes.) This compressed data is then reprocessed and sent to the receiver using digital modulation techniques, adding the necessary information so that errors that may occur in the air can be corrected at the receiver.

[0008] The main advantage of the DMR (Digital mobile radio) system is that it offers 2 channels over a single frequency with a single relay and duplexer by means of its TDMA, or time division access system. This system is the same system used in 2G mobile phones. It transfers raw data over the air at a rate of 4800 symbols / second. Since 4fsk modulation is used, this speed is calculated as 2 bits per symbol and in theory, 9600 baud data transfer is achieved. (In practice, it is even lower.) As is seen, by means of the modern voice coding techniques, a system like DMR can operate even at speeds that would be considered extremely primitive for a computer.

[0009] It uses radio relays to increase the communication quality and distance of handheld and fixed radio systems that use the electronic communication method, one of the most secure communication systems in the world. Terrestrial radio relay systems can provide service at a limited distance due to their location on the earth (20-60 km). The factors that limit this distance are the landforms between the elements they serve and the relay, cities, industrial zones, regions containing heavy metals, and regions where jammer-anti jam systems are located.

[0010] The invention, which is the subject of the application numbered "US10343775B2" in the state of the art relates to integrating other airborne vehicles and the UAV system in air band communication bands, enabling these vehicles to communicate with each other while in the air, and to communicate with ATC elements in the region in tasks that are outside the communication range of the UAV operator. The invention aims to communicate with other aircraft in the region while performing tasks at long distances, since there is no pilot / operator in the UAV systems. The invention, which is the subject of the application numbered "CN202652218U” in the state of the art, provides an emergency communication helicopter relay. Helicopter relay consists of unmanned helicopter, antenna apparatus, relay, ground electronic device and ground control platform. The unmanned helicopter is used as a carrier, replacing a permanently installed wireless relay base station. An airborne wireless relay is connected to an interphone group-talk network through a duplexer and antenna apparatus so that the wireless electronic device on the ground emits voice communications through the airborne relay and the interphone group-talk network.

[0011] In the known state of the art, a system that is able to instantly transfer all data flow to command-and-control centres in the region where the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) relay system operates with the network-based communication (DMR etc.) used, and is capable of providing interaction between two or more regions by integrating with the same UAV system or any terrestrial relay at any point in the world is needed.

[0012] As a result, due to the negativities described above and the inadequacy of existing solutions on the subject, it has become necessary to make a development in the relevant technical field.

[0013] The aim of the invention

[0014] The invention relates to the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system that is integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, can transfer communication to any point in the world as a network communication different from electronic communication by making it digital (DMR-Analogue) in addition to increasing the communication quality and distance of handheld radios in V / UHF electronic communication bands, and works in coordination with other relay and communication systems. In addition to classical electromagnetic communication, the invention can instantly perform two different communication methods according to the task requirements since it is integrated with DMR.

[0015] The most important aim of the invention is for the UAV in the air to act as a relay and make communication uninterrupted in operational activities carried out in large areas or in situations where two or more radio systems cannot communicate, and to ensure that in this process, the UAV serves the extreme points by drawing a fixed or circular orbit at the central points.

[0016] Another aim of the invention is to prevent communication loss between radios in search and rescue activities (distance, weather conditions, landforms, etc.). By activating the relay in the UAV system, it enables uninterrupted communication with its flight over the region. Compared to terrestrial relays, it performs this task 100+ times more efficiently because it travels in the sky and there is no obstacle between the radio user and the relay.

[0017] Another aim of the invention is to listen to the possible radio conversations of the victims in the area through the frequency scanner and reach the victims in search and rescue situations.

[0018] Another aim of the invention is to eliminate the principle of communicating in a waiting manner (press the latch-talk-release and listen) of only 2 stations at the same time, as in analogue radio communication, and increase the communication capability by latching many people at the same time and participating in the communication with the DMR communication style.

[0019] Another aim of the invention is to provide a handheld radio connected to the relay system to be delivered to the victims from the air in order to have preliminary information about the medical kit or the victims before the teams reach the area determined by the payload.

[0020] Description of the drawings

[0021] FIGURE-1 is a drawing showing the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, which is the subject of the invention.

[0022] Reference numbers

[0023] 1. Transceiver antenna combiner

[0024] 2. Relay 4. Battery

[0025] 5. Electronic Communication and Listening System Task Card

[0026] 6. Electronic Fuse

[0027] 7. Network Provider and LTE Data Transmitter

[0028] 8. Electronic power regulator

[0029] 9. Electronic Voice Signal listening system

[0030] Description of the invention

[0031] The invention relates to the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system that is integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, can transfer communication to any point in the world as a network communication different from electronic communication by making it digital (DMR) in addition to increasing the communication quality and distance of handheld radios in V / UHF electronic communication bands, and works in coordination with other relay and communication systems. While the system continues to function as a traditional analogue radio relay, it has also developed DMR technology and gained autonomous mission capabilities for the UAV system.

[0032] In a way that is unprecedented before the invention, it has expanded the communication needs of radio users on earth by moving them thousands of kilometres away and has been adapted to developing UAV systems. With this communication method integrated with DMR technology, the radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into several unmanned aerial vehicles have made it capable of performing tasks in a radius of thousands of kilometres. In addition to improving the current relay systems' software and hardware regarding sound filtration and TX power, the invention works in integration with the control card of UAV systems, autonomously receives the DMR data and the location information of the user operators on the ground, creates central points and positions itself to ensure the best communication. Relay is the system responsible for providing instant communication between radios. By means of the hardware and software that can operate in the sky instead of on earth, such as terrestrial radio relays, it has been integrated into the UAV system and has the ability to provide service with 100 times higher efficiency than on earth. Relay (2) is connected to the electronic communication and listening system task card (5) via data cable and is controlled via remote access software via GCS (ground control station), allowing frequency or other device settings to be made. Here, there may be device settings, increasing or decreasing the power used, whether communication is made on the frequency, analysis of the communications made, location information of the operators using DMR communication, and data transferred via DMR. Relay (2) RX and TX outputs are connected to the transceiver antenna combiner device. The internet required for DMR communication to relay (2) will be provided directly via cable via a portable internet outlet.

[0033] The transceiver antenna combiner (1 ) enables the RX and TX antenna outputs coming from the relay (2) to be turned into a single antenna. In addition to eliminating the antenna crowd in the system, while the minimum distance between the RX and TX antennas coming out of such a single device should be 5 m, the Transceiver antenna combiner (1 ) reduces it to a single antenna and protects from a very difficult and complicated situation in UAV systems, such as 5m between the antennas that need to be placed inside the UAV.

[0034] The transceiver antenna combiner (1 ) is a system created to effectively use different signals in both receiver and transmitter devices with different frequencies without attenuating them. It acts as a kind of doubler. It must be used with an antenna. It functions as a kind of device. If there is a situation where high signals are always used at frequencies, radio receivers may be damaged when RF signals are connected directly to the receiving antenna via a transmitter output. It is also possible for the receivers to lose sensitivity. Moreover, if there is a different and high noise level signal next to it, weak signals will not be heard. In such cases, a Transceiver antenna combiner (1 ) must be used to make the weak receivers stronger. At the same time, it is possible to connect the receiving and transmitting antennas at the same time. During this connection, receivers and transmitters must be connected with switches. Their work will be supported without the need for them to be connected at the same time. It is in communication with the relay (2) and the electronic audible signal listening system (9), electronic communication and listening system task card (5) with high RAM and processor value is used in Carrying out detailed operations such as changing the frequency and tone values at which the relay (2) system will operate, selecting the RX power, location information of the DMR system, and information of the speaking operators, and in the operation of the infrastructure where commands and data such as signal listening, viewing and recording of the electronic voice signal listening system (9) will be given. The electronic communication and listening system task card (5) ensures instantaneous data transfer to the ground control station, thus monitoring and controlling the process by the operator at the ground control station. The electronic communication and listening system task card (5) also continues the tracking and analysis of the amount of energy usage in the system.

[0035] Electronic audio signal listening system (9) is the module to be used in the signal listening process. By means of the USB output, it connects to the electronic communication and listening system the task card (5) directly. Electronic Voice Signal listening system (9) sees all the sound waves in the voice communication frequencies between VHF (Very High Frequency), UHF (Ultra High Frequency), HF (High Frequency), CB (Citizen's Band) and 1 Khz-6 Ghz and ensures that all frequencies that provide data can be listened to and recorded. Key software can also be used simultaneously to analyse and listen to the encrypted communication frequencies that are wanted to be listened to on the same hardware.

[0036] The battery (4) meets all the power needs of the system. The battery (4) has an Ah value sufficient to operate the communication system for at least 20 hours at 50% capacity. It works in coordination with the Electronic Fuse (6), the electronic audio signal listening system (9) and the electronic communication and listening system task card (5).

[0037] Electronic Fuse (6) was used as a security measure since all electronic components in the system operate on 12 volts. Measurement of electrical values within the system is also done with electronic measurement equipment. Electronic measuring equipment includes voltmeter and ammeter. The module also transmits all electrical data in the system to the electronic communication and listening system task card (5) by rebuilding the software and hardware of a developer card.

[0038] The electronic power regulator (8) is used to meet the electrical needs of electronic communication and listening system task card (5) and other 5v-3a powered systems. The electronic power regulator (8) is responsible for converting the 12-volt value coming from the battery (4) into 5-volt.

[0039] The Network Provider and LTE Data Transmitter (7) are used for software updates, cloud control and data retrieval on the computer while the system is on the ground and cannot be accessed via wires in the sky during the mission. During the UAV's mission, it is needed to access the remote use software within the system. The flow of all audio and video data within the system to the Ground Control Station is created using two methods: RF and LTE communication. If there is no network access, the data from the electronic communication and listening system task card (5) within the UAV system will be delivered to GCS by using RF. Apart from being stored on SSD via internet access, it is also instantly saved to the cloud system. The network connection to be used in the system will be provided by GCS (ground control station) with Yagi type antennas with rectifiers or directly via SIM. Since the Yagi type antenna is connected to the tracker antenna, UAV-NETWORK access will always be protected. When network access is not possible, the computer's image and data sharing will continue as RF and will not cause any disruption. Network Provider and LTE Data Transmitter (7) provides DMR communication when necessary with the internet network transferred to the system by GCS via USB, Wi-Fi, Ethernet, SIM. Internet access is only needed for DMR communication. There is absolutely no need for internet access in analogue communication. The system will have follower Yagi type antennas over GCS and will provide network traffic through the antennas, and DMR will continue its internet needs with the NETWORK provided by SIM and GCS. In this way, the system will always be able to meet the network connection it needs.

[0040] The amplifier circuit (5 / 10 / 15 / 25 / 50 watts) enables the signal scanner to be used to listen (RX) and send (TX) at long distances and with high sound quality. In short, the amplifier is an electronic equipment designed to enable the data with low WATT value to travel longer distances and more clearly. The signal quality, which will be checked periodically with the SWR Metre, will also be monitored on the electronic communication, and listening system task card (5). In case of inequality between the radio output and the cable or antenna impedance, reflected power means loss. This reflected power may return to the device instead of the antenna and turn into heat, causing damage to the output stage of the device. SWR is measured by metres. It will be used in the tests of the antennas in the relay (2), the duplexer and the signal listener. The SWR metre measures the ratio between the outgoing voltage and the returning voltage on the transmission line.

[0041] VHF / UHF band antenna (dual band antenna) is used at the output of the Transceiver antenna combiner (1 ) for RX and TX. The quad band antenna only provides RX for the signal scanner module. It is used at the output of the Electronic Voice Signal listening system (9).

[0042] The electronic power amplifier ensures that the wattage value of the data coming from the relay (2) motherboard is increased.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising;- at least one UHF / VHV DMR capable relay (2) that enables the device settings to be made and the communication network to be created by checking the commands coming through the ground control station by communicating with the electronic communication and listening system task card (5),- at least one transceiver antenna combiner (1 ), which turns the RX and TX antenna outputs coming from the relay (2) into a single antenna,- at least one electronic communication and listening system task card (5) that is in communication with the relay (2) and the electronic audio signal listening system (9) and enables instantaneous data transfer to the ground control station, and carries out the change of the frequency and tone values at which the relay (2) system will operate, selection of RX power and location information of the DMR system, identification information of the speaking operators, charging information, execution of the operations, and Electronic Voice Signal listening system (9) signal listening, viewing and recording operations,- at least one electronic audio signal listening system (9) that is in communication with the electronic communication and listening system task card (5), allowing all sound waves in the voice communication frequencies between VHF, UHF, HF, CB and 1 Khz-6 Ghz to be seen and listened to all frequencies that provide data, and- Network provider and LTE data transmitter (7) that enables the system to communicate with the ground control station via follower-enabled Yagi type antennas or the network.

2. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , wherein the device settings controlled by the relay (2) are increasing or decreasing the power used, whether communication is made on the frequency, analysis of thecommunications made, location information of the operators using DMR communication, and data transferred via DMR.

3. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , comprising Network provider and LTE data transmitter (7) that enables DMR communication with the internet network transferred to the system by the ground control station via USB, Wi-Fi, Ethernet, SIM.

4. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , comprising at least one electronic power regulator (8) that converts 12-volt power from the battery (4) into 5-volt for USB power inputs5. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , comprising battery (4) that meets all the power needs of the system.

6. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , comprising at least one electronic fuse (6) that protects the system from a current above the fuse current value by measuring electrical values.

7. Radio communication relay and electromagnetic signal listening system integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles according to Claim 1 , comprising at least one electronic power amplifier that enables the watt value of the data coming from the relay (2) motherboard to be increased.

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