Nozzle and oral irrigator

Abstract

Disclosed are a nozzle and an oral irrigator. The nozzle is provided with a first end and a second end. The first end is located upstream of the second end. The first end is provided with a water inlet, and the second end is provided with a water outlet. A first flow channel, a second flow channel, and a third flow channel that are in sequential communication are formed in the nozzle. The water inlet is in communication with the first flow channel, and the water outlet is in communication with the third flow channel. The cross-sectional area of the first flow channel is greater than that of the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of the second flow channel is greater than that of the third flow channel.

Description

Nozzle and irrigator Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oral cleaning equipment, and in particular to a nozzle and an oral irrigator. Background Art

[0002] As people pay more and more attention to oral hygiene and oral cleaning, water flossers, as a new oral cleaning tool, help users clean the gaps between teeth and gums, and are becoming more and more popular. However, there are currently problems with water flossers, such as poor cleaning effect and the possibility of causing bleeding gums in users, which has affected their further popularization in people's daily oral care.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a nozzle and a water flosser.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application proposes a nozzle having a first end and a second end, the first end being located upstream of the second end, the first end having a water inlet, and the second end having a water outlet, a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel connected in sequence are formed in the nozzle, the water inlet is connected to the first flow channel, the water outlet is connected to the third flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel.

[0006] In the second aspect, the present application also proposes a water flosser, which includes the nozzle, the nozzle having a first end and a second end, the first end being located upstream of the second end, the first end having a water inlet, and the second end having a water outlet, and the nozzle is formed with a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel connected in sequence, the water inlet is connected to the first flow channel, the water outlet is connected to the third flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel.

[0007] The technical solution of this application forms a cavitation structure by disposing first, second, and third flow channels with successively smaller water flow areas within the nozzle. This creates a cavitation jet, which is ejected from the outlet to clean the user's oral cavity, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect. Furthermore, the pumping pressure of the pump body within the oral irrigator remains constant, ensuring user comfort while using the nozzle and preventing problems such as gum bleeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0009] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle in FIG1 ;

[0011] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 2;

[0012] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of nozzle dimensions according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first form of a water outlet channel of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second form of a water outlet channel of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third form of a water outlet channel of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG9 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG8 ;

[0018] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application (I);

[0020] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application (II);

[0021] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application (I);

[0022] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application (II);

[0023] FIG15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extending portion of the nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the cavitation principle of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the reference structure of the oral irrigator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0028] 10-nozzle, 100-main body, 101-straight pipe portion, 102-extension portion, 100a-first end, 100b-second end, 110-first flow channel, 120-second flow channel, 130-third flow channel, 140-water inlet, 150-first transition port, 160-second transition port, 170-water outlet, 210-first transition flow channel, 220-second transition flow channel, M-outlet flow channel, 180-fourth flow channel, 181-first sub-flow channel, 182-second sub-flow channel, 230-protrusion, 11-nozzle, 11a-sleeve portion, 11b-flow channel portion, 12-nozzle, 12a-extending portion, 12b-step structure, 20-body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the following part will further describe the embodiments of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and subsequent associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application provides a nozzle, which is used for a water flosser. The water flosser can spray a continuous water column or a water column containing bubbles at high speed from the water outlet of the water flosser and the water flosser nozzle, directly impacting the user's gums and teeth, and using the force of the water column to clean the oral cavity residue and tartar. At present, water flossers generally have conflicting requirements for cleaning power and comfort. When the cleaning power is too weak, the user is more comfortable to use, but the cleaning effect is not obvious. When the cleaning power is too strong, the cleaning effect is better, but it is easy to cause problems such as bleeding gums in the user, which affects the further popularization of water flossers in people's daily oral care.

[0034] To achieve higher cleaning efficiency and a gentler rinsing experience, cavitation structures are gradually being incorporated into the flow path design of oral irrigators. Cavitation refers to the process of bubbles forming when the local pressure in the flow path drops to a critical pressure (generally close to the vaporization pressure), and then accumulating, flowing, splitting, and collapsing. The energy generated by the cavitation bubble explosion effectively removes plaque.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10. In one embodiment of the present application, the nozzle 10 has a first end 110a and a second end 110b. The first end 110a is located upstream of the second end 100b. The first end 110a has a water inlet, and the second end 100b has a water outlet 170. A first flow channel 110, a second flow channel 120 and a third flow channel 130 that are connected in sequence are formed in the nozzle 10. The water inlet 140 is connected to the first flow channel 110, and the water outlet 170 is connected to the third flow channel 130. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130.

[0036] Specifically, the nozzle 10 includes a main body 100, and the main body 100 has a first end 100a and a second end 100b along its length. The first end 100a is used to connect to the body of the water flosser, so that the user can install a variety of nozzles with different effects and different types for the same water flosser body for the user to choose and use. Optionally, the nozzle 10 and the body can be snap-fitted together, which is simple and convenient to operate. In the direction perpendicular to the length of the main body 100, the shape of the cross-section of the main body 100 can be circular, square, diamond or other special shapes, which is not specifically limited. The material of the main body 100 can be transparent so that the user can clearly see the flow effect of the water in the water outlet flow channel M (see Figure 2 or Figure 4), or the material of the main body 100 can be non-transparent, which is not specifically limited. In addition, the main body 100 can be set in a straight tube shape, or one end of the main body 100 can be set in a curved tube shape, which is not specifically limited. Generally, for the convenience of the user, the position of the main body 100 near the second end 100b can be bent by using a tooling jig to facilitate the user to rinse and clean the oral cavity.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. On the path from the first end 100a to the second end 100b in the main body 100, a first flow channel 110, a second flow channel 120 and a third flow channel 130 that are interconnected are sequentially provided. The first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are sequentially connected to form the water outlet flow channel M of the nozzle 10, wherein one end of the first flow channel 110 is the water inlet 140 of the water outlet flow channel M, and the other end of the third flow channel 130 is the water outlet 170 of the water outlet flow channel M. A first transition port 150 and a second transition port 160 are provided in the water outlet flow channel M. The first transition port 150 connects the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and the second transition port 160 connects the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130. Water flowing into the outlet flow channel M from the water inlet 140 will sequentially flow through the first flow channel 110, the first transition port 150, the second flow channel 120, the second transition port 160, the third flow channel 130, and finally flow out of the water outlet 170. It should be emphasized that the shapes of the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130 can be circular flow channels, directional flow channels, diamond flow channels, or other flow channels. The shapes of the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130 can be the same or different, and this is not specifically limited. In addition, being connected in sequence means that the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are arranged in the direction from the first end 100a to the second end 100b and are connected to each other. Other structures may also be provided between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 and between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130. For example, a fourth flow channel 180 or a first transition flow channel 210 may be provided between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and a second transition flow channel 220 may be provided between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130. The present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0038] The body of the oral irrigator can be provided with a pump body, a water storage space, and a water supply channel (not shown in the figure). During actual installation, the water inlet of the pump body is connected to the water storage space, and the water outlet of the pump body is connected to the water supply channel. When the pump body is working, the water or other liquid stored in the water storage space can be pumped out through the water supply channel, thereby cleaning the user's oral cavity. During actual use, the nozzle 10 is installed on the body 20, and the water outlet channel M in the main body 100 of the nozzle 10 is connected to the water supply channel. When the pump body is working, the water or other liquid in the water storage space can be pumped to the water inlet 140 of the nozzle 10, and then sequentially through the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130, and then sprayed out through the water outlet 170 to clean the user's oral cavity.

[0039] Referring to Figure 3 , the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 is larger than that of the second flow channel 120, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 is larger than that of the third flow channel 130. With this design, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flowing from the first flow channel 110 into the second flow channel 120 is smaller. The sudden contraction of the flow channel generates a pressure pulse, which is reflected to the second flow channel 120 and superimposed with the pressure pulse of the water pumped by the pump body in the first flow channel 110 to form a standing wave. When the excitation frequency is the same as the eigenfrequency of the second flow channel 120, resonance occurs, thereby forming a resonant cavity in the second flow channel 120, increasing the pressure pulsation in the second flow channel 120 and ultimately causing the pressure in more areas of the third flow channel 130 to be lower than the saturated vapor pressure of water vapor, thereby inducing the generation of more cavitation bubbles. These cavitation bubbles gradually grow and develop within the third flow channel 130 as the air pressure decreases, ultimately causing the pulsation of the third flow channel 130 to become more intense, forming a cavitation jet that is ejected from the water outlet 170, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect of the oral irrigator.

[0040] Furthermore, the application of the aforementioned cavitation structure in the water outlet channel M can ensure user comfort during use. Compared with the cavitation structure nozzles currently on the market, which are mainly based on Venturi tubes (through a combination of contraction and expansion to change the inner diameter of the pipe, causing internal hydraulic changes, when the pressure of the liquid flowing through the contraction section is lower than the saturated vapor pressure, bubbles will precipitate, and when moving to the expansion section, they will be squeezed and burst due to the increase in hydraulic pressure), self-oscillation cavitation (the main structure is the Helmholtz nozzle), organ pipes, turbulence, shear, gas mixing, ultrasonic and other forms of cavitation structure nozzles.

[0041] It should be noted that a cavitating jet uses nozzle 10 to generate a large number of bubbles in a water jet. When the bubbles approach a solid surface, they create a high-pressure stagnation zone and rapidly collapse. The enormous energy generated by the bubble collapse is concentrated within a very small area, creating extremely high stress concentrations that damage the surface of the impacted object. It is this localized pressure increase and energy concentration that makes cavitating jets superior to non-cavitating jets in erosive cleaning performance under the same pump pressure and flow rate conditions.

[0042] The principle of the cavitation nozzle is that when a stable fluid passes through, the contraction surface in its flow channel can not only cause the fluid to generate initial pressure excitation, but also feed the pressure excitation back to the resonant cavity to form feedback pressure oscillations. According to transient flow theory and hydroacoustic principles, if the frequency of the pressure excitation matches the natural frequency of the nozzle resonant cavity (equivalent to the second flow channel 120 of the present application), the feedback pressure oscillation can be amplified, thereby generating fluid resonance in the resonant cavity to form standing waves. The frequency of the resonant standing wave is similar to the critical self-excited structure frequency of the jet, which can turn the jet shear layer vortex into a large-structured separated annular vortex. This large-structured intermittent vortex circulation can enhance the cavitation effect, that is, generate a large-structured intermittent vortex circulation and a high-intensity cavitation jet at the outlet, thereby improving its erosion and cleaning capabilities.

[0043] The technical solution of the present application forms a cavitation structure by providing a first flow channel 110, a second flow channel 120, and a third flow channel 130 with successively smaller water flow areas within the nozzle 10. This allows the water flowing through the nozzle 10 to form a cavitation jet and be ejected from the water outlet 170, thereby cleaning the user's oral cavity and enhancing the cleaning effect of the nozzle 10. At the same time, the pumping pressure of the pump body within the oral irrigator body 20 can remain unchanged, thereby ensuring the user's comfort when using the nozzle 10 and avoiding problems such as bleeding gums caused by blindly increasing the pumping pressure of the pump body to improve the cleaning effect. Furthermore, the nozzle 10 has a simple structure, a reasonable design, and is easy to manufacture.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the length of the second flow channel 120 is L2, satisfying 1mm≤L2≤8mm, and the length range of the third flow channel 130 is L3, satisfying 1mm≤L3≤3mm, and satisfying 0.5≤L2 / L3≤2. Specifically, the length of the second flow channel 120 can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, or other values ​​within the range of 1mm-8mm. The length of the third flow channel 130 can be 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, or other values ​​within the range of 1mm-3mm, without specific limitation. In this embodiment, the ratio of the length of the second flow channel 120 to the length of the third flow channel 130, i.e., L2 / L3, satisfies 0.5≤L2 / L3≤2. Within this range, the cavitation effect of the nozzle 10 is good, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of the oral irrigator.

[0045] 3 and 4 , in one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 is S1, which satisfies the 7mm 2 ≤S1≤9mm 2 The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 is S2, which satisfies 0.7mm 2 ≤S2≤5mm 2 The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 is S3, which satisfies 0.38mm 2 ≤S3≤1.54mm 2 , and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 satisfies 2≤S2 / S3≤5. Specifically, when S2 / S3 is less than 2, the cavitation effect of the nozzle 10 is not obvious. When S2 / S3 is greater than 5, the cavitation effect of the nozzle 10 is too strong, and the impact force of the water flow is too large, which can easily cause the user's gums to bleed. Therefore, when S2 / S3 satisfies 2≤S2 / S3≤5, the cavitation effect of the nozzle 10 is better.

[0046] It should be understood that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 mentioned above and below refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first flow channel 110. If the first flow channel 110 is a straight flow channel, it refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 in the radial direction of the first flow channel 110. Similarly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 are defined in the same manner as the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 and will not be further elaborated here. Among them, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130 refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the smallest cross-sectional area among the multiple cross-sectional areas of the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 2 and 4. In one embodiment, the length of the first flow channel 110 is L1, which satisfies L1>L2>L3, and L1 / 2>(L2+L3). Specifically, the length L1 of the first flow channel 110 refers to the shortest distance between the water inlet 140 and the first transition port 150. Of course, in other embodiments, the length L1 of the first flow channel 110 can also be expressed as the shortest wall length of the side wall between the water inlet 140 and the first transition port 150. Since the water flow entering the nozzle 10 through the body 20 of the water flosser first flows into the first flow channel 110, in order to create a stable fluid environment, the length of the first flow channel 110 is set to the longest, and half of the length of the first flow channel 110 is greater than the sum of the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130.

[0048] Referring to Figures 2 and 4 , in one embodiment, the length of the first flow channel 110 is L1, the length of the second flow channel 120 is L2, and the length of the third flow channel 130 is L3, satisfying the conditions 80mm≤L1+L2+L3≤150mm, and 4mm≤L2+L3≤20mm. Specifically, considering factors such as the pumping pressure of the water pump and the size of the oral irrigator, if the overall flow channel within the nozzle 10 is too long, the pumping pressure loss will be large, making it difficult to operate. If the overall flow channel is too short, the oral irrigator will not achieve a good cleaning effect. Therefore, the total length of the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130 is limited to within the range of 80-100mm.

[0049] 2 and 4 , in one embodiment, the second flow channel 120 has a diameter of D2 and a length of L2, satisfying 10≥L2 / D2≥1, and / or the third flow channel 130 has a diameter of D3 and a length of L3, satisfying 10≥L3 / D3≥1.

[0050] Specifically, D2 refers to the diameter of any point within the second flow channel 120, and D3 refers to the diameter of any point within the third flow channel 130. If the second and third flow channels are rectangular flow channels, D2 and D3 can be expressed as the diameters of the long sides of the rectangular flow channels, or as the diameters of the short sides of the rectangular flow channels, as long as 10 ≥ L2 / D2 ≥ 1 and 10 ≥ L3 / D3 ≥ 1 are satisfied. The length L2 of the second flow channel 120 refers to the shortest distance between the first transition port 150 and the second transition port 160, and the length L3 of the third flow channel 130 refers to the shortest distance between the second transition port 160 and the water outlet 170. Of course, in other embodiments, the length L2 of the second flow channel 120 can also be expressed as the shortest length of the side wall between the first transition port 150 and the second transition port 160. Similarly, the length L3 of the third flow channel 130 can also be expressed as the shortest length of the side wall between the second transition port 160 and the water outlet 170.

[0051] In this embodiment, both the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are circular flow channels, where L2 / D2 represents the aspect ratio of the second flow channel 120, and L3 / D3 represents the aspect ratio of the third flow channel 130. If the aspect ratio of the second flow channel 120 is too small, the nozzle self-excited vibration cavitation effect will be poor. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 is larger than that of the third flow channel 130, the loss of water flow intensity due to friction is relatively small. Therefore, the aspect ratio of the second flow channel 120 can be appropriately larger, but generally does not exceed 10. If the aspect ratio of the third flow channel 130 is too small, the growth and development of cavitation bubbles within the third flow channel 130 will be limited. If the aspect ratio of the third flow channel 130 is too large, while the cavitation effect will be enhanced, the loss of water flow intensity due to friction will be too great, reducing the cleaning effect. Therefore, the aspect ratios of the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 satisfy 10 ≥ L2 / D2 ≥ 1 and 10 ≥ L3 / D3 ≥ 1, respectively. Preferably, 8≥L2 / D2≥2 and 8≥L3 / D3≥2 are satisfied. For example, L2 / D2=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; L3 / D3=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

[0052] Referring to Figures 4 and 9, in one embodiment, a first transition channel 210 is formed between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition channel 210 gradually decreases to allow a smooth transition between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120; and / or, a second transition channel 220 is formed between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second transition channel 220 gradually decreases to allow a smooth transition between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130.

[0053] Specifically, only the connection between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 can be set with a chamfered corner, or only the connection between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 can be set with a chamfered corner. Preferably, the connection between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and the connection between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are all set with chamfered corners. The angle of the chamfer can be 30°, 45° or 60°, or the radius of the chamfer can be 0.5mm. Such a setting can improve the smoothness of the connection between the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and the connection between the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130, can reduce the resistance of the water outlet flow channel M to the liquid, make the flow of the liquid smoother, reduce the energy loss of the liquid, and can increase the flushing force of the liquid on the oral cavity.

[0054] Furthermore, the ratio of the length of the first transition channel 210 to the length of the second channel 120 is within a range of 0.1-0.6. This prevents the first transition channel 210 from being too long, preventing it from cavitating the water within the channel, and also prevents the first transition channel 210 from being too short, causing the water within the first channel 110 to encounter significant resistance as it flows toward the second channel 120, thereby affecting the water discharge. Similarly, the ratio of the length of the second transition channel 220 to the length of the third channel 130 is within a range of 0.1-1. Its function is similar to that of the first transition channel 210 and will not be further elaborated here.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 , the cross-sectional areas of the first flow channel 110 , the second flow channel 120 , and the third flow channel 130 of the present application in the direction of water flow therethrough can be in the following forms:

[0056] Form 1: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 in the water flow direction remains unchanged.

[0057] Form 2: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the water flow direction.

[0058] Form 3: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains unchanged in the water flow direction.

[0059] Form 4: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the water flow direction.

[0060] Form 5: The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the water flow direction.

[0061] Form 6: The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the water flow direction.

[0062] Form 7: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 in the direction of water flow remains unchanged, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 in the direction of water flow remains unchanged. (i.e. Form 1 + Form 3)

[0063] Form 8: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains constant in the direction of water flow, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 1 + Form 4)

[0064] Form 9: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 2 + Form 3)

[0065] Form 10: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 2 + Form 4)

[0066] Form 11: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 in the direction of water flow remains unchanged, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 in the direction of water flow remains unchanged. (i.e. Form 3 + Form 5)

[0067] Form 12: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 in the direction of water flow remains constant, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 3 + Form 6)

[0068] Form 13: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 4 + Form 5)

[0069] Form 14: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e. Form 4 + Form 6)

[0070] Form 15: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains constant in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains constant in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains constant in the direction of water flow. (This is Form 1 + Form 3 + Form 5, see Figure 5)

[0071] Form 16: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains constant in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains constant in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 1 + Form 3 + Form 6, see Figure 3)

[0072] Form 17: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains constant in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains constant in the direction of water flow. (This is Form 1 + Form 4 + Form 5, see Figure 7)

[0073] Form 18: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains constant in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 1 + Form 4 + Form 6, see Figure 6)

[0074] Form 19: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 2 + Form 3 + Form 5)

[0075] Form 20: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 2 + Form 3 + Form 6)

[0076] Form 21: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 2 + Form 4 + Form 5)

[0077] Form 22: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. (i.e., Form 2 + Form 4 + Form 6)

[0078] Among them, when the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, the stability of the water flow flowing through the first flow channel 110 can be guaranteed; when the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, the stability of the water flow flowing through the second flow channel 120 can be guaranteed; when the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, since the water flows through the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 with gradually smaller cross-sectional areas, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 remains unchanged in the direction of water flow, the impact force of the water flow finally ejected from the water outlet 170 is high, further improving the cleaning effect of the water flosser using the nozzle 10.

[0079] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 gradually decreases in the direction of water flow. The water flows along the contraction surface in the first flow channel 110 , which causes the water flow to generate initial pressure excitement, thereby improving the cavitation effect of the nozzle 10 .

[0080] The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 gradually increases in the direction of water flow, increasing the pressure pulsation of the second flow channel 120, and eventually making the pressure in more areas of the third flow channel 130 less than the saturated vapor pressure of water vapor, thereby inducing the generation of more cavitation bubbles, and eventually making the pulsation of the third flow channel 130 more intense, forming a cavitation jet and ejecting it from the water outlet 170, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect of the water flosser.

[0081] The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases in the direction of water flow. After the water enters the third flow channel 130, the liquid diffuses after flowing out of the outlet 170, further increasing the flushing area after the liquid is sprayed out. In addition, liquid diffusion consumes energy. If the ratio of the area of ​​the second transition port 160 to the area of ​​the outlet 170 is less than 0.45, the liquid diffusion ratio is too large, which will significantly reduce the flushing force of the liquid flowing out of the outlet 170. If the ratio of the area of ​​the second transition port 160 to the area of ​​the outlet 170 is greater than 0.8, the liquid diffusion angle is insufficient, which will affect the flushing area of ​​the water flow. Therefore, by gradually increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 of the nozzle 10 from the second transition port 160 to the outlet, and by maintaining the ratio of the area of ​​the second transition port 160 to the area of ​​the outlet between 0.45 and 0.8, both the flushing force of the liquid and the flushing area of ​​the water flow can be guaranteed.

[0082] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in one embodiment, a first flow channel 110, a second flow channel 120, and a third flow channel 130 that are sequentially connected are formed in the main body 100 in the direction from the first end 100a to the second end 100b; the first flow channel 110 has a water inlet 140 arranged at the first end 100a, and a first transition port 150 connecting the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120, and a second transition port 160 connecting the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are arranged in the main body 100. The third flow channel 130 has a water outlet 170 arranged at the second end 100b; wherein the area of ​​the water inlet 140 is larger than the area of ​​the first transition port 150, the area of ​​the first transition port 150 is larger than the area of ​​the second transition port 160, and the area of ​​the second transition port 160 is smaller than the area of ​​the water outlet 170.

[0083] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition opening 150 is in the range of 0.18 mm 2 -0.32mm 2 , its value can be 0.18mm 2 , 0.19mm 2 , 0.2mm 2 , 0.21mm 2 , 0.22mm 2 , 0.23mm 2 , 0.24mm 2 , 0.25mm2 , 0.26mm 2 , 0.27mm 2 , 0.28mm 2 , 0.29mm 2 , 0.3mm 2 , 0.31mm 2 , 0.32mm 2 Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition opening 150 is in the range of 0.23 mm 2 -0.28mm 2 The cross-sectional area of ​​the second transition opening 160 is 0.24 mm 2 -0.38mm 2 , its value can be 0.24mm 2 , 0.25mm 2 , 0.26mm 2 , 0.27mm 2 , 0.28mm 2 , 0.29mm 2 , 0.30mm 2 , 0.31mm 2 , 0.32mm 2 , 0.33mm 2 , 0.34mm 2 , 0.35mm 2 , 0.36mm 2 , 0.37mm 2 , 0.38mm 2 Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second transition opening 160 is in the range of 0.28 mm2-0.33 mm 2 .

[0084] It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition opening 150 and the second transition opening 160 can be calculated by cutting the main body 100 at the outer wall surface corresponding to the first transition opening 150 or the second transition opening 160 to obtain a roughly annular cross-section of the main body 100. In this case, the cross-sectional area formed by the inner ring of the cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition opening 150 or the second transition opening 160. If the cross-sectional area formed by the inner ring of the cross-sectional area is irregular, the cross-sectional area can be calculated by decomposing the cross-sectional area. Similarly, the cross-sectional area calculation of the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, the third flow channel 130, the water outlet 170, etc. mentioned above and below can all be calculated using the above method. Specifically, when calculating the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130, the cutting direction of the main body 100 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the corresponding flow channel.

[0085] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. In one embodiment, the nozzle 10 includes a straight tube portion 101 and an extension portion 102. The extension portion 102 is bent relative to the straight tube portion 101. The straight tube portion 101 has a first end 100a, and the extension portion 102 has a second end 100b. The extension portion 102 has a second flow channel 120, a third flow channel 130 and at least a portion of the first flow channel 110.

[0086] Specifically, one end of the straight tube portion 101 is connected to the body 20 of the oral irrigator, and the extension portion 102 extends outward at an angle from the other end of the straight tube portion 101. When the user uses the oral irrigator, the extension portion 102, which is at a certain angle to the vertical direction, makes it easier to align the oral irrigator. The first flow channel 110 is disposed within the straight tube portion 101, and the extension portion 102 is provided with the second flow channel 120, the third flow channel 130, and at least a portion of the first flow channel 110. The length of the extension portion 102 is shorter than the length of the straight tube portion 101.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. In one embodiment, the nozzle 10 includes a straight tube portion 101 and an extension portion 102. The extension portion 102 is bent relative to the straight tube portion 101. The straight tube portion 101 extends along a first direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the extension portion 102. In the extension direction of the third flow channel 130, the size of the third flow channel 130 in the first direction gradually increases, and the size of the third flow channel 130 in the second direction remains unchanged, so that the water outlet 170 is formed into a slit shape.

[0088] Specifically, one end of the straight tube portion 101 is connected to the body 20 of the oral irrigator, and the extension portion 102 extends outward at an angle from the other end of the straight tube portion 101. When the user uses the oral irrigator, the extension portion 102, which is at a certain angle to the vertical direction, makes it easier to align the oral irrigator. The first direction refers to the direction in which the straight tube portion 101 extends, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to both the extension portion 102 and the straight tube portion 101.

[0089] Since the water outlet 170 is a slit-shaped water outlet 170 (the slit-shaped water outlet 170 is not shown in the figure), the length of the water outlet 170 is greater than the width. Compared with water outlets of other shapes, such as circular water outlets and square water outlets, when the size of the water outlet 170 (the area of ​​the water outlet 170) is the same, the area flushed by the liquid flowing out of the slit-shaped water outlet 170 will be larger than the area flushed by the circular water outlet or the square water outlet when moving the same distance. At the same time, the water outlet 170 extends from the top to the bottom of the end of the main body 100 where the water outlet 170 is provided. When the nozzle 10 is used, the extension direction of the flushing end face from the bottom to the top is consistent with the extension direction of the tooth gap. The water column flowing out of the water outlet 170 is thinner and flows more easily into the tooth gap, resulting in a better flushing effect. That is to say, the water outlet 170 is set to be in a slit shape, and the water outlet 170 extends from the top to the bottom of the end of the main body where the water outlet 170 is provided. This can not only increase the outflow rate and flushing force of the liquid, but also increase the flushing area during the use of the nozzle. It can take into account the flushing force and the flushing range at the same time, making it easier to inject the water column into the user's teeth, and providing a better user experience.

[0090] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. Furthermore, in the direction from the second transition port 160 to the water outlet 170, the flow channel wall of the third flow channel 130 forms an angle α with the central axis of the third flow channel 130, satisfying 8°≥α≥0°. Specifically, the cross-section of the third flow channel 130 is circular, the central axis of the third flow channel 130 is a virtual axis, and in the direction from the second transition port 160 to the water outlet 170, the flow channel wall of the third flow channel 130 forms an angle α with the central axis of the third flow channel 130, satisfying 8°≥α≥0°. The angle α here is half of the expansion angle of the third flow channel 130, that is, the expansion angle of the first flow channel 110 is 2α. If the third flow channel 130 is set in a square or other shape, the angle α is formed by the flow channel wall of the third flow channel 130 and the center line of the third flow channel 130. Preferably, the angle α satisfies 6°≥α≥3°. For example, α=3°, 4°, 5°, 6°, and correspondingly, the expansion angle of the third flow channel 130 may be 6°, 8°, 10°, or 12°.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet 170 is 0.45 mm 2 , the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 is 0.3mm 2 The expansion angle of the third flow channel 130 is 6°, the length of the third flow channel 130 is 1.3 mm, and the length of the main body 100 of the nozzle 10 is 88.6 mm.

[0092] In another embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet 170 is 1.185 mm 2 , the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 is 0.3mm2 The expansion angle of the third flow channel 130 is 12°, the length of the third flow channel 130 is 2.9 mm, and the length of the main body 100 of the nozzle 10 is 90.2 mm.

[0093] The difference between the diameters of the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 may be approximately 2 mm. The diameter of the first flow channel 110 is set to D1, and D1 is approximately 3.2 mm.

[0094] After actual testing, the cleaning power of the nozzle 10 of the above embodiment is significantly improved compared to the cleaning power of ordinary nozzles. Some test results are shown in Table 1.1 below.

[0095] Table 1.1 Comparison between standard nozzle and nozzle in this application

[0096] It can be clearly seen from the data in the above table that the impact force and cleaning power of the nozzle 10 of the present application are significantly better than those of ordinary standard nozzles, and the expansion angle of the nozzle water spray section (i.e., the third flow channel 130) and the length of the water spray section flow channel have a great influence on the cleaning power of the nozzle 10, among which the nozzle 2 has a stronger cleaning power.

[0097] Please refer to Figures 10 to 18. In other embodiments, the nozzle 10 includes a nozzle 11 and a nozzle pipe 12; wherein, the nozzle 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the nozzle pipe 10, and is mainly used to align with or extend into the oral cavity so as to spray the fluid medium into the oral cavity with the help of the nozzle 11; the end of the nozzle pipe 12 away from the nozzle 11 is used to be connected to the body 20 (specifically connected to the pump body) so that the body 20 can pump the fluid medium into the nozzle 10.

[0098] As shown in Figures 10 to 18, the nozzle 10 further comprises a fourth flow channel 180, which connects the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120. Specifically, the nozzle 12 comprises the first and fourth flow channels 110, 180, which are coaxially connected in sequence, while the nozzle head 11 comprises the second and third flow channels 120, 130, which are coaxially connected in sequence. After the nozzle head 11 is fixedly connected to the nozzle 12, the first, fourth, second, and third flow channels 110, 180, 120, 130 are coaxially connected in sequence, thereby forming the fluid channel of the nozzle 10. The end of the first flow channel 110 remote from the fourth flow channel 180 forms a fluid inlet. It is understood that the end of the nozzle 12 remote from the nozzle 11 (or the corresponding end of the first flow channel 110) serves as the fluid inlet of the fluid channel, and the end of the nozzle head 11 remote from the nozzle 12 (or the corresponding end of the third flow channel 130) serves as the fluid outlet of the fluid channel. That is, the first flow channel 110 , the fourth flow channel 180 , the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 are sequentially connected and arranged along the flow direction of the fluid medium (ie, the direction in which the fluid medium enters the fluid inlet and flows toward the fluid outlet).

[0099] Among them, the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the fourth flow channel 180 and the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the third flow channel 130 are both set to be smaller than the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the second flow channel 120, and the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the first flow channel 110 is set to be larger than the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the second flow channel 120.

[0100] It should be noted that "cross section" can be understood as the cross section formed by cutting the flow channel along a plane (which can be defined as a cutting plane) perpendicular to the axial center line of the fluid channel of the nozzle; the contour shape of the cross section of each channel can be circular or a regular polygon such as a rectangle.

[0101] Based on the above structure, first, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 and the second flow channel 120, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130. The first flow channel 110 and the fourth flow channel 180 can form a first cavitation structure. The fluids in the first flow channel 110 and the fourth flow channel 180 can be superimposed to form standing waves, so that the fourth flow channel 180 forms a resonance cavity, thereby increasing the water flow pressure at the outlet of the fourth flow channel 180. Furthermore, the fourth flow channel 180, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 also form a cavitation structure similar to Holm Hertz resonance. As shown in Figure 17, according to the Holm Hertz resonance principle, when the fluid medium driven by the body 20 (specifically the pump body) flows through the first flow channel 110 and the fourth flow channel 180, it will generate a higher flow velocity and jet into the second flow channel 120 with a larger volume space at high speed, thereby generating a discrete vortex T1. The discrete vortex T1 will generate an unstable disturbance shear layer with the fluid medium in the second flow channel 120, with many vortex disturbances of different frequency bands, and move downstream (i.e., toward the third flow channel 130) in the form of a vortex ring along with the mainstream high-speed jet.

[0102] At the same time, the discrete vortex T1 will also be oscillated and amplified in the second flow channel 120 to generate a large-scale vortex T2, thereby forming cavitation bubbles symmetrically distributed about the axis of the second flow channel 120. The energy of these cavitation bubbles will gradually concentrate in the main frequency band, resulting in periodic convergence and release, so that the mainstream high-speed jet will further produce larger pulses, so that the high-speed jet has pressure fluctuations and a certain cavitation effect, increasing the generation of cavitation effect in the third flow channel 130 and inducing the generation of more cavitation bubbles. After the water flow carrying rich cavitation bubbles is ejected from the fluid outlet, the energy generated by the cavitation bubble explosion can be used to effectively clean the oral cavity (such as plaque on teeth).

[0103] In addition, since there are both discrete vortices T1 and large-scale vortices T2 in the second flow channel 120, the interaction between these two vortices will also generate a series of pressure disturbances and feedback to the upstream (i.e., the direction of the fourth flow channel 180), thereby inducing new vortex pulsations in the upstream separation area, and ultimately increasing the generation of cavitation effects in the third flow channel 130.

[0104] As for the oral irrigator, in addition to the pulse provided by the pump body, on the one hand, the first jet cavitation structure is formed in the nozzle 10 by means of the first flow channel 110 and the fourth flow channel 180; on the other hand, the Holmhertz resonance cavitation structure is formed in the nozzle 10 by means of the fourth flow channel 180, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 to achieve the superposition of cavitation effect and pulse frequency, thereby achieving the effect of taking into account both cleaning efficiency and comfort.

[0105] It should be noted that the solid line with arrows in FIG17 represents the fluid medium and its flow direction or the mainstream high-speed jet, and the dotted line in FIG17 represents the axis of the second flow channel 120 or the fluid channel.

[0106] In specific implementations, the ratio of the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 to the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 can be set between 2 and 25. This ensures the degree of cavitation or the cavitation effect of the fluid medium while also preventing the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 from being too large, which would increase the external dimensions of the portion of the nozzle 10 corresponding to the second flow channel 120 (i.e., the nozzle head 11), thereby preventing the nozzle head 11 from being fully inserted into the oral cavity. Based on the same principle and requirements, the ratio of the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 to the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 can also be set between 2 and 25.

[0107] In specific implementations, the ratio of the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 to the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel c can be set between 0.8 and 4. This ensures the degree of cavitation or the cavitation effect of the fluid medium while preventing excessive resistance in the nozzle 10 due to an excessively small cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel c. Of course, in some embodiments, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 can be set to be smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130, so that the fourth flow channel 180 has the smallest cross-sectional area in the fluid passage of the nozzle 10, thereby creating favorable conditions for enhancing the cavitation effect.

[0108] In other embodiments, the first flow channel 110 may also be omitted. For example, the port of the fourth flow channel 180 away from the second flow channel 120 may be used as or form the fluid inlet 10b of the fluid channel, and a channel structure similar to the first flow channel 110 may be configured on the body 20 (specifically, the pump body); in this way, by installing the nozzle 10 on the body 20, the body 20 may also be used to pump the fluid to the fourth flow channel 180 and generate a higher flow rate, and finally the high-speed jet enters the second flow channel 120.

[0109] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 12, 13, 14 and 16, at least a portion of the third flow channel 130 is extended into the second flow channel 120, so that a protrusion 230 can be formed in the second flow channel 120; the protrusion 230 can be understood as a structural part that surrounds the fluid inlet of the third flow channel 130, and there is a preset gap between the protrusion 230 and the flow channel wall of the second flow channel 120; wherein, the flow channel wall of the second flow channel 120 can be understood as a structural wall (i.e., the inner peripheral wall of a local part of the nozzle 11) that is surrounded by the fluid channel or the axis of the second flow channel 120 to form the second flow channel 120.

[0110] Thus, the protrusion 230 can act as a "collision wall" at the end of the second flow channel 120 away from the fourth flow channel 180, which is conducive to the formation of a disturbance vortex at the fluid inlet of the third flow channel 130, thereby providing structural support for enhancing the cavitation effect. In specific implementation, the cross-sectional area of ​​the protrusion 230 can be set to gradually increase along the flow direction of the fluid medium until the outer peripheral wall of the protrusion 230 connects with the flow channel wall of the second flow channel 120; and the cone angle of the protrusion 230 (which can be defined as the second cone angle β) can be controlled between 60° and 150° (see Figure 16); thereby, the formed disturbance vortex can be expanded along the outer peripheral wall of the protrusion 230 toward the mainstream high-speed jet (i.e., the middle main frequency band), thereby effectively enhancing the cavitation effect.

[0111] In one embodiment, a smooth transition is provided between the protrusion 230 and the flow channel wall of the second flow channel 120, for example, a chamfer is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the protrusion 230 and the flow channel wall of the second flow channel 120 (specifically, the locally enlarged structure shown in area C in Figure 11); thereby, it is possible to avoid the formation of a dead zone of water flow between the protrusion 230 and the second flow channel 120 due to the existence of a sharp angle, which causes a loss of flow kinetic energy.

[0112] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 13 and 14, the fourth flow channel 180 adopts a tapered channel structure in which the cross-sectional area gradually increases along the flow direction of the fluid medium, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 gradually increases from the end of the fourth flow channel 180 close to the first flow channel 110 (or away from the second flow channel 120) toward the end close to the second flow channel 120; the second flow channel 120 adopts a cylindrical channel structure with a constant cross-sectional area, that is, the areas of any two cross sections of the second flow channel 120 are equal; the third flow channel 130 adopts a tapered channel structure similar to the fourth flow channel 180, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel 130 gradually increases from the end of the third flow channel 130 close to the second flow channel 120 toward the end away from the second flow channel 120; accordingly, the first flow channel 110 adopts a cylindrical channel structure with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0113] During specific implementation, the ratio of the length of the fourth flow channel 180 to the minimum diameter of the fourth flow channel 180 can be controlled between 2-5, for example, the minimum diameter of the fourth flow channel 180 is between 0.55mm-0.7mm; at the same time, the cone angle of the fourth flow channel 180 can be defined as a first cone angle θ, and the first cone angle θ can be controlled between 0°-6°; by selecting the dimensional parameters such as the length, minimum diameter and cone angle of the fourth flow channel 180, it is possible to effectively avoid the increase in resistance caused by the fourth flow channel 180 being too long, thereby affecting the cleaning power. At the same time, the first flow channel 110 can smoothly transition to the fourth flow channel 180, that is, a chamfer can be set at the flow channel wall of the first flow channel 110 near one end of the fourth flow channel 180 (specifically, the structure shown in area D in Figures 11 and 13), so that the first flow channel 110 and the fourth flow channel 180 are connected in a smooth transition; thereby avoiding energy loss due to turbulence at the junction or transition position between the fourth flow channel 180 and the first flow channel 110.

[0114] Based on the same principle and requirements, the ratio of the length of the third flow channel 130 to the minimum diameter of the third flow channel 130 can be controlled between 2-5, and the cone angle (i.e., the angle α) of the third flow channel 130 can be controlled between 0°-20° (see Figure 16).

[0115] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 12, the fourth flow channel 180 includes a first sub-channel 181 and a second sub-channel 182 which are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the fluid medium, that is, the second sub-channel 182 is arranged in communication between the first sub-channel 181 and the second flow channel 120; wherein, the first sub-channel 181 can also adopt a variable diameter channel structure, that is: the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sub-channel 181 gradually decreases from the end close to the first flow channel 110 (or away from the second sub-channel 182) to the end close to the second sub-channel 182; the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-channel 182 gradually increases from the end of the second sub-channel 182 close to the first sub-channel 181 to the end close to the second flow channel 120.

[0116] It can be understood that, viewed from the flow direction of the fluid medium, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 presents a structural form that first gradually decreases and then gradually increases, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel 180 is located at the junction of the first sub-flow channel 181 and the second sub-flow channel 182.

[0117] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 11, the first sub-channel 181 may also adopt an equal-diameter channel structure, that is, the areas of any two cross sections of the first sub-channel 181 are equal, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sub-channel 182 gradually increases from the end of the second sub-channel 182 close to the first sub-channel 181 toward the end close to the second channel 120; thereby, the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire fourth channel 180 presents a structural form that first remains unchanged and then gradually increases. At this time, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth channel 180 is at the junction of the first sub-channel 181 and the second sub-channel 182.

[0118] In specific implementation, the channel wall of the first sub-channel 181 smoothly transitions to the channel wall of the second sub-channel 182 (or the fluid inlet of the second sub-channel 182), for example, a chamfer is set at the channel wall of the first sub-channel 181 near one end of the second sub-channel 182 (specifically the structure shown in area E in Figure 11); thereby, it is possible to avoid increased energy loss due to turbulence at the junction or transition point between the two.

[0119] In other embodiments, the fourth flow channel 180 may also adopt a channel structure with equal diameters, that is, the areas of any two cross sections of the fourth flow channel 180 are equal.

[0120] It should be noted that in order to avoid increased resistance due to the excessive length of the fourth flow channel 180, in different embodiments, the ratio of the length of the fourth flow channel 180 to the minimum diameter of the fourth flow channel 180 can follow a proportional relationship of 2-5, and in the embodiment where the fourth flow channel 180 has a cone angle, the first cone angle θ can be controlled at 0°-6° (see Figure 15).

[0121] In some embodiments, the third flow channel 130 can be selected and set with reference to the structural form of the fourth flow channel 180. For example, the third flow channel 130 adopts an equal-diameter channel structure in which the areas of any two cross sections are equal; for another example, the third flow channel 130 includes a third sub-flow channel and a fourth sub-flow channel arranged in sequence; the third sub-flow channel is connected and arranged between the second flow channel 120 and the fourth sub-flow channel, the areas of any two cross sections of the third sub-flow channel are equal, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth sub-flow channel gradually increases from the end close to the third sub-flow channel to the end away from the third sub-flow channel.

[0122] It should be noted that, based on actual design requirements, the fourth flow channel 180, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 can adopt different channel structures, so as to be combined and connected to form an appropriate fluid channel; for example, all three adopt a cylindrical channel structure with a constant cross-sectional area or diameter; for example, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 can adopt a conical channel structure with a gradually increasing diameter or cross-sectional area, or a channel structure with a constant diameter or cross-sectional area and then gradually increasing; the key point is: the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the fourth flow channel 180 and the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the third flow channel 130 are smaller than the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the second flow channel 120; all these will not be elaborated here.

[0123] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 10, 15, and 16, the nozzle 11 comprises a sleeve portion 11a and a flow channel portion 11b, which are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the fluid medium. Accordingly, the nozzle 12 comprises an insertion portion 12a. The second and third flow channels 120, 130 are formed within the interior of the sleeve portion 11b, while the fluid outlet of the fourth flow channel 180 is disposed within the insertion portion 12a. The sleeve portion 11a can be secured to the periphery of the insertion portion 12a by bonding, screwing, wedging, welding, or other methods to form the nozzle 10, thereby forming a fluid channel within the nozzle 10.

[0124] By configuring the nozzle 11 and the nozzle tube 12 as a separate structure, on the one hand, by forming corresponding flow channels within the nozzle 11 and the nozzle tube 12, a complete nozzle 10 can be easily and quickly assembled, and a cavitation structure can be formed within the nozzle 10; on the other hand, the complexity and stability of the cavitation structure can be reduced, providing a guarantee for improving the cleaning effect. In specific implementation, the nozzle 11 can adopt a soft rubber nozzle (such as edible silicone). The flexibility of the soft rubber nozzle can be utilized to protect the teeth, gums, etc. from being bruised or punctured when the nozzle 11 comes into contact with them, and the teeth, gums, etc. will not be corroded by saliva or produce toxic substances.

[0125] In other embodiments, the nozzle 11 and the nozzle 12 may also adopt an integrated structure, that is, the nozzle 10 is an integrated structure to meet different design or application requirements; which will not be described in detail here.

[0126] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 10 and 15 , the protruding portion 12a includes a stepped structure 12b, which is disposed on the outside of the protruding portion 12a around the axis of the fourth flow channel 180 or the axis of the fluid channel. On the one hand, the stepped structure 12b abuts against the end surface of the sleeve portion 11b, thereby limiting the relative position between the sleeve portion 11b and the protruding portion 12a, thereby limiting the relative position between the fourth flow channel 180 and the second flow channel 120, and improving the stability of the structural connection between the nozzle head 11 and the nozzle tube 12. On the other hand, the stepped structure 12b facilitates coaxial connection between the fourth flow channel 180, the second flow channel 120, and the third flow channel 130, thereby reducing the impact on cavitation caused by fluid channel deformation due to local bending of the nozzle 10.

[0127] In a specific implementation, the step structure 12b can be provided in multiple levels, for example, two levels; the two-level step structures 12b are arranged in layers in the flow direction of the fluid medium; and correspondingly, the interior of the sleeve portion 11b is provided with a step surface that aligns with and abuts against the corresponding step structure 12b. This can further provide structural support for improving the stability of the connection between the nozzle head 11 and the nozzle pipe 12.

[0128] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 16, the sleeve portion 11a is configured to have a structural form in which the areas of any two cross sections are equal, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel portion 11b is configured to gradually decrease from the end of the flow channel portion 11b close to the sleeve portion 11a to the end away from the sleeve portion 11a; thereby, the outer contour of the flow channel portion 11b presents a frustum-shaped columnar form compared to the sleeve portion 11a or other parts of the nozzle 10, which can make it easier for the nozzle 11 to extend into the oral cavity, and can also avoid the nozzle 11 being too thick to easily locate the area to be cleaned (such as the gap between teeth) or to produce a foreign body sensation in the oral cavity.

[0129] In one embodiment, the total length of the first flow channel 110, the fourth flow channel 180, the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 can be controlled between 80 mm and 100 mm, which can also be understood as the overall length of the nozzle 10 of the above structure can be controlled between 80 mm and 100 mm; wherein, the length of the third flow channel 130 is set to be less than the length of the first flow channel 110, and the length of the third flow channel 130 is greater than the length of the fourth flow channel 180 and the length of the second flow channel 120; in specific implementation, the total length of the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130 can be controlled to not exceed 20 mm, and the length ratio of the third flow channel 130 to the second flow channel 120 can be controlled between 1.1 and 1.5.

[0130] Thus, by controlling the overall length of the nozzle 10, the nozzle 10 can be adapted for use with an existing body 10 to meet actual usage requirements. By controlling the length and ratio of the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130, it is not only easier to perform the bending process within the nozzle head 11 to form the second flow channel 120 and the third flow channel 130, but also the portion of the nozzle 10 that extends into the oral cavity can be made more consistent with or adapted to the physiological structure or dimensions of the oral cavity.

[0131] This application also provides a water flosser, comprising a body and a nozzle, the nozzle being detachably connected to the body. The specific structure of the nozzle is described with reference to the above embodiments. Since this water flosser can adopt the technical solutions of any of the above embodiments, it can at least have all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be detailed here.

[0132] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0133] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A nozzle, wherein: The nozzle has a first end and a second end, the first end is located upstream of the second end, the first end has a water inlet, and the second end has a water outlet. A first flow channel, a second flow channel, and a third flow channel that are connected in sequence are formed in the nozzle, the water inlet is connected to the first flow channel, the water outlet is connected to the third flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein The length of the second flow channel is L2, satisfying 1mm≤L2≤8mm, and the length range of the third flow channel is L3, satisfying 1mm≤L3≤3mm, and satisfying 0.5≤L2 / L3≤2.

3. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is S1, which satisfies 7mm 2 ≤S1≤9mm 2 The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is S2, which satisfies 0.7mm 2 ≤S2≤5mm 2 The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel is S3, which satisfies 0.38mm 2 ≤S3≤1.54mm 2 , and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel to the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel satisfies 2≤S2 / S3≤5.

4. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the first flow channel is L1, the length of the second flow channel is L2, and the length range of the third flow channel is L3, satisfying 80mm≤L1+L2+L3≤150mm, and 4mm≤L2+L3≤20mm.

5. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein The diameter of the second flow channel is D2 and the length is L2, satisfying 10≥L2 / D2≥1, and / or the diameter of the third flow channel is D3 and the length is L3, satisfying 10≥L3 / D3≥1.

6. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: A first transition channel is formed between the first channel and the second channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first transition channel gradually decreases to allow a smooth transition between the first channel and the second channel; and / or a second transition channel is formed between the second channel and the third channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second transition channel gradually decreases to allow a smooth transition between the second channel and the third channel.

7. The nozzle according to claim 6, wherein: The ratio of the length of the first transition channel to the length of the second channel is in the range of 0.1-0.6; And / or, the ratio of the length of the second transition channel to the length of the third channel is in the range of 0.1-1.

8. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel gradually increases or remains unchanged in the direction of water flow; and / or, The cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel gradually increases or remains unchanged in the direction of water flow.

9. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional areas of the first flow channel and the second flow channel in the direction of water flow remain unchanged; or, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel in the direction of water flow remains unchanged; or, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually decreases in the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel gradually increases in the direction of water flow.

10. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional areas of the second flow channel and the third flow channel in the direction of water flow gradually increase; or, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel in the direction of water flow remains unchanged, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel in the direction of water flow gradually increases; or, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel in the direction of water flow gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel in the direction of water flow remains unchanged.

11. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein An angle between a channel wall of the third channel and a central axis of the third channel is between 0° and 20°.

12. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein A fourth flow channel is also formed inside the nozzle, and the fourth flow channel connects the first flow channel and the second flow channel; The area of ​​the maximum cross section of the fourth flow channel and the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the third flow channel are both smaller than the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the second flow channel.

13. The nozzle according to claim 12, wherein: The area of ​​the minimum cross section of the fourth flow channel is smaller than the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the third flow channel.

14. The nozzle according to claim 12, wherein: The ratio of the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the second flow channel to the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the fourth flow channel is between 2 and 25; and / or the ratio of the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the second flow channel to the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the third flow channel is between 2 and 25; And / or the ratio of the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the third flow channel to the area of ​​the maximum cross section of the fourth flow channel is between 0.8-4.

15. The nozzle of claim 12, wherein: The ratio of the length of the fourth flow channel to the minimum diameter of the fourth flow channel is between 2 and 5; and / or a ratio of the length of the second flow channel to the minimum diameter of the second flow channel is between 0.5 and 2; And / or the ratio of the length of the third flow channel to the minimum diameter of the third flow channel is between 2-5.

16. The nozzle of claim 12, wherein: The cross-sectional area of ​​the fourth flow channel gradually increases from an end of the fourth flow channel away from the second flow channel toward an end close to the second flow channel; or The fourth flow channel includes a first sub-flow channel and a second sub-flow channel, and the second sub-flow channel is arranged in communication between the first sub-flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein: The areas of any two cross sections of the first sub-channel are equal, and the area of ​​the cross section of the second sub-channel gradually increases from one end of the second sub-channel close to the first sub-channel to one end close to the second channel; or the area of ​​the cross section of the first sub-channel gradually decreases from one end of the first sub-channel away from the second sub-channel to one end close to the second sub-channel, and the area of ​​the cross section of the second sub-channel gradually increases from one end of the second sub-channel close to the first sub-channel to one end close to the second channel.

17. The nozzle of claim 12, wherein: At least a portion of the third flow channel extends into the second flow channel to form a protrusion in the second flow channel; a preset gap is provided between the peripheral wall of the protrusion and the flow channel wall of the second flow channel; The cross-sectional area of ​​the protrusion gradually increases along the flow direction of the water flow until the outer peripheral wall of the protrusion is connected to the flow channel wall of the second flow channel.

18. The nozzle of claim 17, wherein: The protrusion has a second cone angle, which is between 60° and 150°; and / or a smooth transition is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the protrusion and the flow channel wall of the second flow channel.

19. The nozzle of claim 12, wherein: The minimum diameter of the fourth flow channel is between 0.55 mm and 0.7 mm.

20. A dental flosser, wherein: The water flosser includes a nozzle having a first end and a second end, the first end being located upstream of the second end, the first end having a water inlet, the second end having a water outlet, a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel connected in sequence are formed in the nozzle, the water inlet is connected to the first flow channel, the water outlet is connected to the third flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel.

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