Methods of NTN initial access
Segmented initial access methods using wide and narrow beams, combined with beam pattern information exchange, address the prolonged synchronization challenges in NTN, improving communication efficiency and reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/142042
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-03
AI Technical Summary
The prolonged initial access time for User Equipment (UE) synchronization in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) due to extensive beam usage and limited simultaneous beam availability poses challenges in satellite communication.
Segmented initial access methods using combinations of wide and narrow beams, along with beam pattern information exchange, are proposed to optimize the initial access procedure in NTN, including 4 different types of access methods and periodic/aperiodic beam pattern updates.
Enhances efficient and reliable communication between satellites and UEs by reducing latency and overhead in the initial access process.
Smart Images

Figure CN2023142042_03072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS OF NTN INITIAL ACCESSFIELD
[0001] The invention discussed below relates generally to wireless communication, and more particularly, to methods for initial access and beam hopping of NTN.BACKGROUND
[0002] In 5G NR, the initial access procedure is designed to enable a new user equipment (UE) to establish a connection with the network, acquire synchronization, and obtain the necessary resources to initiate communication. However, in the context of NTN, the unique characteristics of satellite communication, including the extensive beam availability and limited simultaneous beam usage, pose challenges that require specific enhancements to the initial access procedure. This disclosure addresses these challenges by proposing initial access methods optimized for NTN, ensuring efficient and reliable communication between satellites and UEs in the communication network.
[0003] Due to the extensive number of beams utilized by satellites, the initial access time for User Equipment (UE) to perform Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) blind detection can be considerably prolonged. To address this issue, a segmented initial access approach using a combination of wide and narrow beams, along with the corresponding beam pattern information exchange method, is proposed in this patent.SUMMARY
[0004] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0005] In one aspect, the methods for initial access of NTN are proposed, which are divided into 4 different types of detailed methods according to the usage of different combinations of wide and narrow beams.
[0006] The first type is that the initial access procedure is performed by wide beams of the satellite. All of the procedures of initial access are performed via wide beams of the satellite. After initial access when UE is in RRC connected state, the UE and satellite will have data exchange via the narrow beam.
[0007] The second type is a 2-step initial access procedure. The 1st step includes preamble#1 and msg2a. The 2nd step includes preamble#2, msg2b, msg3 and msg4. The 1st step is performed via the wide beam of the satellite. The 2nd step is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite. The UE and satellite will communicate via the narrow beam in RRC connected state.
[0008] The third type is also a 2-step initial access procedure. The 1st step includes preamble#1 and msg2a. The 2nd step includes preamble#2, msg2b, msg3 and msg4. The 1st step and the preamble#2 and msg2b of 2nd step is performed via the wide beam of the satellite. The msg3 and msg4 of 2nd step is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite. The UE and satellite will communicate via the narrow beam in RRC connected mode.
[0009] The fourth type includes preamble, msg2, msg3 and msg4. The preamble and msg2 is performed via the wide beam of the satellite. The msg3 and msg4 is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite. The UE and satellite will communicate via the narrow beam in RRC connected mode.
[0010] In another aspect, the methods for beam pattern information exchange in RRC connected mode of NTN is proposed in this disclosure. The beam pattern information of the satellite is informed by the network to UEs. This procedure is network triggered periodically or aperiodically from network perspective, and / or is triggered by UE. The activation time of a new beam pattern is (pre-) configured and / or (pre-) defined.
[0011] In another aspect, the beam pattern information content and structure are proposed in this disclosure. The content includes at least one of the following: time and / or frequency domain resource information of different satellite beams, the geography location / coverage information associated with the different satellite beams, the time order of the beams, the time duration of the beams. The structure of the beam pattern information includes a bit map / string represents for time and / or frequency domain available resource for different satellite beams, etc.
[0012] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed figures set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the concept of wide beams and narrow beams of the satellite used during initial access procedure.
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the initial access method type 1.
[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the initial access method type 2.
[0016] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the initial access method type 3.
[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the initial access method type 4.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0019] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0020] In one aspect of the disclosure, the methods for initial access of NTN are proposed, which are divided into 4 different types of detailed methods according to the usage of different combinations of wide and narrow beams.
[0021] More specifically, we propose to consider the following alternatives:
[0022] Alternative#1: wide and narrow
[0023] The satellite has wide beams (i.e., beam 0, beam 1) and narrow beams (i.e., beam 2, beam 3, beam 4) as shown in Figure 1 for example.
[0024] · The coverage of wide beam 0 and wide beam 1 is larger and the areas where different wide beams covered are or are not overlapping.
[0025] · The coverage of narrow beam 2, narrow beam 3 and narrow beam 4 is smaller than the wide beams and the areas where different narrow beams covered are or are not overlapping.
[0026] Note 1: The narrow beams are within wide beam. For example, the coverage area of narrow beam 2, narrow beam 3 and narrow beam 4 are within the wide beam 1 and the areas the narrow beams covered are not overlapping as shown in Figure 1.
[0027] Alternative#2: The first type for initial access
[0028] The first type is that the initial access procedure is performed by wide beams of the satellite.
[0029] · As is shown in Figure 2, all of the procedures of initial access are performed via wide beams of the satellite.
[0030] · After initial access when UE is in RRC connected state, the UE and satellite will have data exchange via the narrow beam.
[0031] Note: The (narrow) beam pattern information of the satellite is informed by the network to UEs via RRC signalling or SIBX or msg4.
[0032] Alternative#3: The second type for initial access
[0033] The second type is a 2-step initial access, as is shown in Figure 3. The 1st step includes preamble#1 and msg2a. The 1st step is performed via the wide beam of the satellite. The 2nd step includes preamble#2, msg2b, msg3 and msg4. The 2nd step is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite.
[0034] 1. UEs try to camp on a cell. It detects and decodes SSB (s) . After UEs detected the SSB, it decodes the PSS / SSS / PBCH (e.g., MIB) , then the UEs receive and decode the CORESET#0 and SIB1, as well as the other SIB (s) . The satellite transmits signals / messages via wide beams in the above procedures.
[0035] 2. UEs within the satellite wide beam coverage will transmit preamble#1 at the corresponding random access occasion. The preamble#1 is generated by a RA-RNTI#0 for this wide beam.
[0036] 3. After the satellite has received the preamble#1 from the multiple UEs within the wide beam coverage, network sends a Msg2a with RA-RNTI#0 to those UEs to confirm their 1st step succeed. UEs received the Msg2a with RA-RNTI#0 may know their 1st step succeed.
[0037] 4. UEs transmit preamble#2 to the satellite and start the 2nd step. The preamble#2 is generated by the RA-RNTI#1 and the random access occasion is selected based on the narrow beam pattern information obtained from Msg2a or SIBX.
[0038] 5. After the satellite has received the preamble#2 via a narrow beam from the multiple UEs at different occasions within the narrow beam coverage, it sends a Msg2b with RA-RNTI#1 to those UEs.
[0039] 6. UEs will send Msg3 to satellite.
[0040] 7. The satellite will send Msg4 with contention resolution to UEs
[0041] Note 1: The Msg2a is with a contention resolution and narrow beam pattern information (e.g., including narrow beam RA-RNTI#1 information) . This is a non-UE specific procedure since the satellite only needs to know there is UE (s) within the wide beam coverage and doesn’t need to know how many UEs and which UE is there (e.g., only one preamble#1 occasion is needed and only one RA-RNTI#0 is needed for one wide beam coverage) .
[0042] Note 2: The UE and satellite will communicate via the narrow beam from after step 1 and in RRC connected mode.
[0043] Note 3: The 1st step and 2nd step procedure are decoupled. For example, a UE first performs the 1st step procedure to camp on a wide beam of satellite and stops if it doesn’t have further need of services. The UE will perform 2nd step procedure only if there is a need for service. This kind of behavior can reduce the latency and / or overhead to start a service and the UE is always ready to camp on a narrow beam.
[0044] Alternative#4: The third type for initial access
[0045] The third type is a 2-step initial access, as is shown in Figure 4. The 1st step includes preamble#1 and msg2a. The 2nd step includes preamble#2, msg2b, msg3 and msg4. The 1st step and the preamble#2 and msg2b of 2nd step is performed via the wide beam of the satellite. The msg3 and msg4 of 2nd step is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite.
[0046] 1. UEs try to camp on a cell. It detects and decodes SSB (s) . After UEs detected the SSB, it decodes the PSS / SSS / PBCH (e.g., MIB) , then the UEs receive and decode the CORESET#0 and SIB1, as well as the other SIB (s) . The satellite transmits signals / messages via wide beams in the above procedures.
[0047] 2. UEs within the satellite wide beam coverage will transmit preamble#1 at the corresponding random access occasion. The preamble#1 is generated by a RA-RNTI#0 for this wide beam.
[0048] 3. After the satellite has received the preamble#1 from the multiple UEs within the wide beam coverage, network sends a Msg2a with RA-RNTI#0 to those UEs to confirm their 1st step succeed. UEs received the Msg2a with RA-RNTI#0 may know their 1st step succeed.
[0049] 4. The preamble#2 is generated by the RA-RNTI#1 and the random access occasion is selected based on the wide beam preamble occasions.
[0050] 5. After the satellite has received the preamble#2 via a wide beam from the multiple UEs at different occasions within the wide beam coverage, it sends a Msg2b with RA-RNTI#1 and narrow beam pattern information to those UEs.
[0051] 6. UEs will send Msg3 to satellite via the narrow beam according to the narrow beam pattern information.
[0052] 7. The satellite will send Msg4 with contention resolution to UEs.
[0053] Note 1: The Msg2a is with a contention resolution. This is a non-UE specific procedure since the satellite only needs to know there is UE (s) within the wide beam coverage and doesn’t need to know how many UEs and which UE is there (e.g., only one preamble#1 occasion is needed and only one RA-RNTI#0 is needed for one wide beam coverage) .
[0054] Note 2: The UE and satellite will communicate via the narrow beam from after step 1 and in RRC connected mode.
[0055] Note 3: The 1st step and 2nd step procedure are decoupled. For example, a UE first performs the 1st step procedure to camp on a wide beam of satellite and stops if it doesn’t have further need of services. The UE will perform 2nd step procedure only if there is a need for service. This kind of behaviour can reduce the latency and / or overhead to start a service and the UE is always ready to camp on a narrow beam.
[0056] Alternative#5: The fourth type for initial access
[0057] The fourth type includes preamble, msg2, msg3 and msg4 as shown in Figure 5.
[0058] · The preamble and msg2 is performed via the wide beam of the satellite.
[0059] · The msg3 and msg4 is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite.
[0060] · After initial access when UE is in RRC connected state, the UE and satellite will have data exchange via the narrow beam.
[0061] Note: The (narrow) beam pattern information of the satellite is informed by the network to UEs via msg2.
[0062] Alternative#6: beam pattern information update / exchange
[0063] The beam pattern information of the satellite is informed / configured by the network to UEs.
[0064] The beam pattern switch procedure is either network triggered periodically or aperiodically from network perspective, and / or is triggered by UE from UE perspective.
[0065] Note 1: The information is transmitted via RRC, MAC CE and / or DCI, it is either UE specific or cell / beam specific information. The periodicity of the periodical update and / or exchange is (pre-) configured, dynamic indicated, and / or (pre-) defined.
[0066] Note 2: UE can report to network that it needs to do beam switch with beam state information reporting (i.e., to use a different beam pattern of satellite) , then the network may decide if the UE needs to beam pattern information update or not. In this case, the beam state information reporting is transmitted via RRC and or MAC CE. For example, as is shown in Figure 1, a UE moves from area within beam 2 towards area within beam 3 (e.g., the UE’s location information is obtained from GNSS) , then the UE knows it should change to pair with beam 3 of satellite from beam 2 according to the narrow beam pattern information. The UE sends a report to satellite / network and make a request to update the beam pattern information and the satellite / network will make the final decision and update its beam pattern information.
[0067] Note 3: It should be noted that the beam pattern information update by the network is either due to UE’s behaviour or satellite’s behaviour (e.g., UE’s movement, satellite’s movement, changes in service requirements within the beam coverage area, etc. ) . After the UE obtains the beam pattern information update, the new beam pattern will be used by the UE according to the activation time requirement. The activation time of a new beam pattern is (pre-) configured and / or (pre-) defined. Note 4: The activation time is (pre-) configured and / or (pre-) defined according to UE’s capability (e.g., the beam switching time delay of the UE) .
[0068] Alternative#7: beam pattern information content and structure
[0069] The content includes at least one of the following:
[0070] · time and / or frequency domain resource information of different satellite beams
[0071] · the geography location / coverage information associated with the different satellite beams
[0072] · the time order of the beams, the time duration of the beams
[0073] The structure of the beam pattern information includes a bit map / string represents for time and / or frequency domain available resource for different satellite beams, etc. For example, a bit string [2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4] represents for the beam order of the satellite, i.e., ‘beam 2 --beam 3 --beam 4 --beam 2 --beam 3 --beam 4’, another bit string [1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3] represents for the beam time duration respectively. The beam time duration granularity is either ‘ms’ or ‘slot’ level. For another example, a bit string of [2, 3, 4, 2, 2, 2] represents for the beam order as well as beam duration of the satellite, i.e., ‘beam 2 for 1 ms --beam 3 for 1 ms --beam 4 for 1 ms --beam 2 for 3 ms’, if the beam time duration granularity is ‘ms’ .
[0074] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “UE, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
[0075] While aspects of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof that are proposed as examples, alternatives, modifications, and variations to the examples may be made. Accordingly, embodiments as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. There are changes that may be made without departing from the scope of the claims set forth below.
Claims
1.A method of NR NTN initial access, wherein the first type initial access method is performed via wide beams of the satellite, and the second and third type initial access method are 2-step RACH initial access method.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the 1st step RACH includes preamble#1 and msg2a, the 2 nd step includes preamble#2, msg2b, msg3 and msg4.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the second type initial access method, the 1st step RACH is performed via the wide beam of the satellite, the 2nd step RACH is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the second type initial access method, the 1st step RACH and the preamble#2 and msg2b of 2nd step RACH is performed via the wide beam of the satellite, the msg3 and msg4 of 2nd step RACH is performed via the narrow beam of the satellite.5.The method of claim 3, wherein the second type initial access method, the Msg2a is with a contention resolution and narrow beam pattern information of the satellite.6.The method of claim 3, wherein the second type initial access method, preamble#1 is generated by a RA-RNTI#0 for the wide beam and the 1st step RACH is a non-UE specific procedure.7.The method of claim 4, wherein the third type initial access method, the Msg2b is with narrow beam pattern information of the satellite.8.The method of claim 4, wherein the third type initial access method, preamble#1 is generated by a RA-RNTI#0 for the wide beam and the 1st step RACH is a non-UE specific procedure.9.The method of claim 1, wherein the 1st RACH and 2nd RACH procedure are decoupled.10.The method of claim 1, wherein the fourth type initial access method, Preamble and Msg2 are performed via wide beams of the satellite, Msg3 and Msg4 are performed via narrow beams of the satellite.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the Msg2 is with narrow beam pattern information of the satellite.12.A method of beam pattern information update / exchange in RRC connected mode of NR NTN.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the procedure is either network triggered or transmit periodically from network perspective, and / or is triggered by UE from UE perspective.14.The method of claim 12, wherein the network triggered case, the information is transmitted via RRC, MAC CE and / or DCI.15.The method of claim 12, wherein the periodic case is (pre-) configured, dynamic indicated, and / or (pre-) defined.16.The method of claim 12, wherein the UE triggered case, the information is transmitted via RRC and or MAC CE.17.The method of claim 12, wherein the activation time of a new beam pattern is (pre-) configured and / or (pre-) defined according to or not according to UE’s capability.18.A beam pattern information content and structure method, wherein the content includes time and / or frequency domain resource information of different satellite beams, the geography location / coverage information associated with the different satellite beams, the time order of the beams, the time duration of the beams.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the structure of the beam pattern information includes a bit map / string represents for time and / or frequency domain available resource for different satellite beams.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Wireless communication method and device
CN115173918A
Dynamic satellite beam assignment
US20200007227A1
Location management for satellite systems
US20200213000A1
Beam selection for random access in a hierarchical beam architecture
WO2022170624A1