Data storing and forwarding operations, apparatus, and computer-readable medium
The S&F mechanism in NTN networks addresses connectivity challenges by storing and forwarding data at relay nodes, ensuring reliable data transfer and efficient communication in regions with intermittent satellite-ground links.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/073870
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-03
AI Technical Summary
In non-terrestrial networks (NTN), maintaining continuous connectivity between user equipment (UE), satellites, and ground gateways is challenging due to the impracticality of simultaneous connections, leading to difficulties in data exchange and signaling.
Implementing a storing and forwarding (S&F) mechanism where data is stored at a relay node (e.g., satellite or aircraft) when a feeder link is unavailable and forwarded when connectivity is restored, using RRC, S1AP, and NGAP messages to manage data retention, forwarding, and priority.
Ensures reliable data transfer in NTN environments by allowing data to be stored and forwarded efficiently, reducing overhead and delay, and maintaining connectivity in regions with intermittent satellite-ground links.
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Figure CN2024073870_03072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DATA STORING AND FORWARDING OPERATIONS, APPARATUS, AND COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIUMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure is generally related to wireless communication for data storing and forwarding, and more particularly to data storing and forwarding on a non-terrestrial network.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication technologies are pivotal components of the increasingly interconnecting global communication networks. Wireless communications rely on accurately allocated time and frequency resources for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. When using a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the normal satellite operation works as shown in FIG. 1. The signalling and data traffic exchange between user equipment (UE) , such as a cell phone of a user, with satellite access and a remote NTN gateway usually needs the service and feeder links to be active simultaneously. In this case, at the time the UE interacts over the service link with the satellite, there is a continuous end-to-end connectivity path between the UE, the satellite and the NTN gateway (ground network) . However, it may be impractical in certain situations to have the connections between these devices at the same time.SUMMARY
[0003] This summary is a brief description of certain aspects of this disclosure. It is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, a wireless communication method is disclosed. The method includes sending, by a first communication node to a second communication node, a first message including at least one of a storing and forwarding indication, to-be-forwarded data, or forwarding priority; and receiving, by the first communication node from a second communication node, a second message in response to the first message.
[0005] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, another wireless communication method is disclosed. The method includes receiving to-be-forwarded data, by a first communication node from a second communication node, the to-be-forwarded data is from a third communication node; and sending at least one of a delivered indication or a delivery time.
[0006] Still another embodiment of this disclosure provides a wireless communication apparatus, including one or more memory units storing one or more programs and one or more processors electrically coupled to the one or more memory units and configured to execute the one or more programs to perform any method or step or their combinations in this disclosure.
[0007] Still another embodiment of this disclosure provides non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being configured to, when performed by at least one processor, cause to perform any method or step or their combinations in this disclosure.
[0008] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, one or more wireless communication methods are further disclosed, the methods include combinations of certain methods, aspects, elements, and steps (either in a generic view or specific view) disclosed in the various embodiments of this disclosure.
[0009] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate the understanding of the present disclosure. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered as limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present disclosure. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0011] FIG. 1 shows a system concept of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) ;
[0012] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary E-UTRAN network architecture;
[0013] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary NR network architecture with gNBs;
[0014] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary NR network architecture with ng-eNBs;
[0015] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary NTN architecture;
[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates a storing and forwarding operation of an NTN;
[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 10 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 11 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a split RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a split RAN, and a CN for CN originated data according to some embodiments of this disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 13 shows a wireless communication system structure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary E-UTRAN network architecture. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary NR network architecture with gNBs. FIG. 4 shows an exemplary NR network architecture with ng-eNBs. Under the NR (New Radio) architecture, the new architecture and new features of the base station (BS) are introduced. A NR base station can be a gNB or a ng-eNB. The interface between the 5GC (5G Core) and the gNB (or ng-eNB) can be called NG. The interface between different gNBs can be called Xn, while the interface between an LTE base station and an (LTE / ) NR base station can be called X2. In addition, the gNB and ng-eNB can be split into two parts, i.e. the CU (Central Unit) and DU (Distributed Unit) ; the interface between the gNB-CU and gNB-DU is called F1; the interface between the ng-eNB-CU and ng-eNB-DU is called W1. In a disaggregate NR base station, there is only one gNB-CU / ng-eNB-CU, and one gNB-CU / ng-eNB-DU is able to control multiple gNB-DUs / ng-eNB-DUs.
[0025] In non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) , the satellite or airborne vehicle is able to perform as either a relay node or a base station in the wireless communication system. The NTN can provide much larger area coverage than the traditional terrestrial network; in addition, the NTN is able to ensure the connectivity in the regions where the current terrestrial networks are difficult or costly to cover, such as the airplanes, vessels and the remote rural areas. Therefore, the NTN could be an appropriate solution to complementing the current terrestrial network to provide the service for the users in the specific regions.
[0026] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary NTN architecture. The NTN architecture as shown is able to support both non-terrestrial E-UTRAN and NR access to the UE by means of an NTN payload (for example a satellite) and an NTN Gateway. A service link can be formed between the NTN payload and a UE, and a feeder link can be formed between the NTN Gateway and the NTN payload. An NTN gateway may serve multiple NTN payloads. An NTN payload may be served by multiple NTN gateways.
[0027] To overcome the connection difficulties between UE, satellites, and NTN gateways, a new satellite operation as shown in FIG. 6 is provided. At time T0, a service link is established between the UE and the satellite. The signalling and data exchange between the UE and the satellite happens with or without the feeder link connection between the satellite and the ground NTN-GW (NTN-GW1) . At time T0, the signalling and data exchange has begun, and the satellite may store the received signalling and data from UE if there is no connection between the satellite and a ground NTN gateway for the satellite to forward the received signaling and data. Then, at time T1, the satellite moves to a location where the satellite is able to connect to another ground NTN-GW (NTN-GW2) to establish a feeder link between the satellite and the ground NTN-GW2. At time T1 after the feeder link is established, the satellite forwards the stored signalling and data to the NTN-GW2, such that the NTN-GW2 can further transmit or process the signalling and data.
[0028] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure. The communication and signalling can be used to implement the storing and forwarding (S&F) function on an NTN.
[0029] At S11, UE sends an S&F indication to a RAN (Random Access Network) node, which can be implemented on, for example, a satellite or an aircraft, via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) signalling. This S&F indication indicates to the RAN node that the corresponding data and messages sent from the UE is for the S&F process, and the corresponding data and messages are meant to be stored at the RAN node and forwarded to the CN node.
[0030] At S12, after the RAN node receives the RRC signalling (including the S&F indication) from the UE, the RAN node sends at least one of the following indications or parameters back to the UE, including an S&F support indication, a data retention period, and / or a forwarding data quota. The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and messages from the UE and forward them to the CN node when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function.
[0031] The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the UE can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the UE are not forwarded to the CN or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the UE. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the UE shall or will be discarded by the RAN node.
[0032] The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the UE to the CN (Core Network) . Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the CN.
[0033] At S13, after the UE receives the RRC signalling from the RAN node (at S12) , the UE can send S&F data to the RAN node. The UE can, optionally, send data forwarding priority to the RAN node. The signaling or data sent at S13 can be configured according to the information provided by the RAN node at S12. For example, the UE may send data complying with the data quota indicated in S12. Additionally, the S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to CN) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the UE to the CN.
[0034] At S14, after the RAN receives the S&F data from the UE, the RAN node may send an acknowledgement indication. The acknowledgement indication may show the UE whether the S&F data have been received by the RAN node.
[0035] At S15, after the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW via an available feeder link, the RAN node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the UE, to the CN (core network) node via one or more S1AP (S1 Application Protocol) or NGAP (Next Generation Application Protocol) messages. For example, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message can be at least one of the following messages, including an E-RAB MODIFICATION INDICATION message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages, including a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY INDICATION message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE NOTIFY message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0036] At S16, after the CN receives the forwarded data from the RAN node, the CN can forward the data to an application server and send an estimated delivery time to the RAN node. The estimated delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from CN to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server. Likewise, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB MODIFICATION CONFIRM message, an UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message, or a PAGING message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY CONFIRM message, a PAGING message, an UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0037] At S17, after the RAN node receives the feedback message from the CN, the RAN node sends at least one of the following parameters and / or indication to the UE, including a delivered indication or a delivery time. For example, the delivered indication from the RAN node indicates whether the S&F data have been delivered by the CN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate whether the S&F data have been delivered to the CN. The delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from RAN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server.
[0038] FIG. 8 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Comparing with the example in FIG. 7, the main difference here is that the communication of steps S11 and S13 in FIG. 7 are combined together to be performed in S21. Additionally and optionally, the communication of steps S12 and S14 are combined together to be performed in S22. This approach can reduce the overhead and delay for the storing and forwarding function.
[0039] At S21, UE sends at least one of an S&F indication, S&F data, and / or forwarding priority of the S&F data to the RAN (Random Access Network) node, which can be implemented, for example, on a satellite or an aircraft, via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) signalling. This S&F indication indicates to the RAN node that the corresponding data and message sent from the UE is for the S&F process, and the corresponding data and message are meant to be stored at the RAN node and forwarded to the CN node. The S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to CN) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the UE to the CN.
[0040] At S22, after receiving the message or signaling at S21, the RAN node sends at least one of an S&F support indication, a data retention period, a forwarding data quota, and / or acknowledgement indication to the UE.The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the S&F mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the UE and forward them to the CN node when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function. The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the UE can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the UE are not forwarded to the CN or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the UE. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the UE shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the UE to the CN (Core Network) . Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the CN. The acknowledgement indication may show the UE whether the S&F data have been received by the RAN node.
[0041] In this example, the UE can understand, via the communication at S22, if the data and / or request at S21 is comply with the function of the RAN node or the underlying CN, and may resend the data or indication again based on the communication at S22.
[0042] At S23, after the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW via an available feeder link, the RAN node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the UE, to the CN node via one or more S1AP (S1 Application Protocol) or NGAP (Next Generation Application Protocol) messages. For example, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message can be at least one of the following messages, including an E-RAB MODIFICATION INDICATION message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages, including a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY INDICATION message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE NOTIFY message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0043] At S24, after the CN receives the forwarded data from the RAN node, the CN can forward the data to an application server and send an estimated delivery time to the RAN node. The estimated delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from CN to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server. Likewise, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB MODIFICATION CONFIRM message, an UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message, or a PAGING message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY CONFIRM message, a PAGING message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0044] At S25, after the RAN node receives the feedback message from the CN, the RAN node sends at least one of the following parameters and / or indication to the UE, including a delivered indication or a delivery time. For example, the delivered indication from the RAN node indicates whether the S&F data have been delivered by the CN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate whether the S&F data have been delivered to the CN. The delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from RAN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server.
[0045] FIG. 9 illustrates another exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure. In this example, the data is originated from a CN. The data is provided to the RAN node, implemented for example, on a satellite or an aircraft. The RAN node stores the data when there is no service link with the UE, and it forwards the data to the UE once it is connected with the UE. As compared with the example in FIG. 7, the main difference is that the role of the UE and CN is exchanged in this embodiment. The operations of FIG. 7 can be adopted with the switch of the roles here.
[0046] At S31, the CN (core network) node sends a storing and forwarding (S&F) indication to a RAN node, implemented by, for example, a satellite or an aircraft, via one or more S1AP / NGAP messages. This indication can be configured to show that the corresponding data and message sent from the CN node is for a storing and forwarding purpose. The data and message can be stored in the receiving RAN node and forwarded to the UE when a proper connection is established between the RAN node and the UE. If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages, including an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message, an E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. Alternatively or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages, including a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP REQUEST message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0047] At S32, after the RAN node receives the S1AP / NGAP message (at S31) from the CN, the RAN node sends at least one of the following indications or parameters back to the CN, including an S&F support indication, a data retention period, and / or a forwarding data quota. The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the CN and forward them to the UE when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function.
[0048] The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the CN can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the CN is not forwarded to the UE or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the CN. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the CN shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the CN to the UE.Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the UE.
[0049] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP RESPONSE message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0050] At S33, after the CN receives the message from the RAN node (at S32) , the CN can send S&F data to the RAN node. The CN can, optionally, send a data forwarding priority to the RAN node. The signaling or data sends at S33 can be configured according to the information provided by the RAN node at S32. For example, the CN may send data complying with the data quota indicated in S32. Additionally, the S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to UE) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the CN to the UE.
[0051] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY REQUEST message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0052] At S34, after the RAN receives the S&F data from the CN, the RAN node may send an acknowledgement indication to the CN. The acknowledgement indication may show the CN whether the S&F data have been received by the RAN node. If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE message, or a UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0053] At S35, after the RAN node is connected with UE via an available service link, the RAN node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the CN, to the UE via RRC signaling.
[0054] At S36, after the UE receives the forwarded data from the RAN node, the UE can send a delivered indication via RRC signaling to the RAN node to show whether the S&F data have been delivered to the UE.
[0055] At S37, after the RAN node receives the feedback from the UE, the RAN node sends the delivered indication to the CN node. The S1AP / NGAP message sent by the RAN node to the CN could be an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0056] Thereby, the operations above allow the CN, the RAN node, and the UE to transfer the CN originated data to the UE based on the S&F operation.
[0057] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure. In this example, the data is originated from a CN. Similar to the modification in FIG. 8, in the example of FIG. 10, the steps S31 and S33 in FIG. 9 can be combined and performed in S41. The steps S32 and S34 in the example of FIG. 9 can be combined and performed in S42 in FIG. 10.
[0058] At S41, the CN node sends at least one of: a storing and forwarding (S&F) indication, S&F data, and / or a data forwarding priority to a RAN node, implemented by, for example, a satellite or an aircraft, via an S1AP / NGAP message. This S&F indication can be configured to show that the corresponding data and message sent from the CN node is for a storing and forwarding purpose. The data and message can be stored in the receiving RAN node and forwarded to the UE when a proper connection is established between the RAN node and the UE. The S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to UE) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the CN to the UE.
[0059] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message, an E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP REQUEST message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0060] At S42, after the RAN node receives the S1AP / NGAP message at S41 from the CN, the RAN node sends at least one of the following indications or parameters back to the CN, including an S&F support indication, a data retention period, a forwarding data quota, and / or an acknowledgement indication. The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the CN and forward them to the UE when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function.
[0061] The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the CN can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the CN is not forwarded to the UE or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the CN. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the CN shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the CN to the UE.Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the UE. The acknowledgement indication may show the CN whether the S&F data have been received by the RAN node.
[0062] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE MESSAGE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP RESPONSE message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE MESSAGE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0063] At S43, after the RAN node is connected with UE via an available service link, the RAN node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the CN, to the UE via RRC signaling.
[0064] At S44, after the UE receives the forwarded data from the RAN node, the UE can send a delivered indication via RRC signaling to the RAN node to show whether the S&F data have been delivered to the UE.
[0065] At S45, after the RAN node receives the feedback from the UE, the RAN node sends the delivered indication to the CN node. The S1AP / NGAP message sent by the RAN node to the CN could be an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0066] Thereby, the operations above allow the CN, the RAN node, and the UE to transfer the CN originated data to the UE based on the S&F operation.
[0067] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a split RAN, and a CN according to some embodiments of this disclosure. The RAN node here is implemented as a distributed unit (DU) and a central unit (CU) . Exemplarily, the DU can be implemented on a satellite or an aircraft. The CU can be implemented by a communication node on the ground.
[0068] At S51, UE sends an S&F indication to the DU node, which can be implemented on a satellite or an aircraft, via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) signalling. This S&F indication indicates to the RAN node that the corresponding data and message sent from the UE is for the S&F process, and the corresponding data and message are meant to be stored at the RAN node (such as the DU) and forwarded to the CN node. The UE may send together at least one of the S&F data and the forwarding priority of the corresponding data. The S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to CN) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the UE to the CN.
[0069] At S52, the DU, after it receives the message at S51 and obtains the connection to the CU via a ground gate way, sends (or forwards) to the CU at least one of the S&F indication, the S&F data, and / or the forwarding priority via one or more W1AP / F1AP messages. The S&F indication, the S&F data, and the forwarding priority can bear the same information received from the UE. The a W1AP / F1AP message could be at least one of an INITIAL UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, an UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, or an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUIRED message.
[0070] At S53, after the CU receives the message at S52, the CU sends at least one of the following indications or parameters back to the DU, including an S&F support indication, a data retention period, a forwarding data quota, and / or an acknowledgement indication via a W1AP / F1AP message. The W1AP / F1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: a DL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION CONFIRM message, an UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, or an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message.
[0071] The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the UE and forward them to the CN when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function. The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the UE can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the UE is not forwarded to the UE or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the CN. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the UE shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the UE to the CN. Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the CN. The acknowledgement indication may show the UE whether the S&F data have been received by the CU.
[0072] At S54, the CU node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the DU, to the CN node via an S1AP (S1 Application Protocol) or NGAP (Next Generation Application Protocol) message. For example, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message can be at least one of the following messages, including an E-RAB MODIFICATION INDICATION message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages, including a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY INDICATION message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE NOTIFY message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME REQUEST message, an INITIAL UE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0073] At S55, after the CN receives the forwarded data from the CU node, the CN can forward the data to an application server and send an estimated delivery time to the CU node. The estimated delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from CN to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server. Likewise, if the RAN node is an eNB node and the CN node is an MME (Mobility Management Entity) , the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB MODIFICATION CONFIRM message, an UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message, or a PAGING message. Alternative or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or ng-eNB node, and the CN node is AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) , the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message can be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY CONFIRM message, aPAGING message, a UE CONTEXT RESUME RESPONSE message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0074] At S56, after the CU receives the S1AP / NGAP message from the CN node at S55, the CU sends the estimated delivery time to the DU via a W1AP / F1AP message. The W1AP / F1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: a DL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message or an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message.
[0075] If the DU is a ng-eNB-DU and the CU is a ng-eNB-CU, the above W1AP / F1AP messages are preferable to be W1AP messages; if the DU is a gNB-DU and the CU is a gNB-CU, the above messages are preferable to be F1AP messages.
[0076] At S57, after the DU is reconnected with the UE, the DU sends at least one of an S&F support indication, a data retention period, a forwarding data quota, a delivered indication, and / or the estimated delivery time to the UE. The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the UE and forward them to the CN when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function. The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the UE can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the UE are not forwarded to the CN or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the UE. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the UE shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the UE to the CN. Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the CN. The delivered indication from the RAN node indicates whether the S&F data have been delivered by the CN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate whether the S&F data have been delivered to the CN. The delivery time indicates how long it takes for the data to be sent from RAN node to the application server. It can alternatively indicate a time point when the data is expected to be delivered to the application server.
[0077] FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary storing and forwarding communication between UE, a split RAN, and a CN for CN originated data according to some embodiments of this disclosure. The RAN node here is implemented as a distributed unit (DU) and a central unit (CU) . Exemplarily, the DU can be implemented on a satellite or an aircraft. The CU can be implemented by a communication node on the ground.
[0078] At S61, a CN sends an S&F indication to the CU node, which can be implemented on a ground device, via an S1AP / NGAP message. This S&F indication indicates to the CU that the corresponding data and message sent from the CN is for the S&F process, and the corresponding data and message are meant to be stored at the CU or DU node and forwarded to UE. The CN may send together at least one of the S&F data and the forwarding priority of the corresponding data. The S&F data can be at least one of user plane data or the NAS-PDUs (Non-Access Stratum Protocol Data Units) . The forwarding priority (to UE) indicates the priority of data, which are sent from the CN to the UE.
[0079] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages, including an E-RAB SETUP REQUEST message, an E-RAB MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. Alternatively or additionally, if the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages, including a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP REQUEST message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY REQUEST message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, a PAGING message, or a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0080] At S62, after the CU node receives the S1AP / NGAP message at S61 from the CN, the CU node sends at least one of the following indications or parameters back to the CN, including an S&F support indication, a data retention period, a forwarding data quota, and / or an acknowledgement indication. The S&F support indication is configured to show whether the RAN node is able to support the storing and forwarding mode, for example, whether the RAN node is able to store the data and message from the CN and forward them to the UE when the RAN node is connected with a ground NTN GW (gate way) via an available feeder link. The S&F support indication indicates the capability of the RAN node with respect to the S&F function.
[0081] The data retention period is configured to indicate a time period during which the data or message from the CN can or shall be stored at the RAN node. If the S&F data or message from the CN are not forwarded to the UE or NTN GW during the period, it shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. Alternatively or additionally, the data retention period could also be configured as a timer at the RAN node or the CN. When the timer expires or reaches a threshold, the S&F data or message from the CN shall or will be discarded by the RAN node. The forwarding data quota can be configured to indicate a maximum size of data that can be sent from the CN to the UE. Additionally or alternatively, the forwarding data quota can indicate a maximum size of data that can be forwarded by the RAN node to the UE. The acknowledgement indication may show the CN whether the S&F data have been received by the CU.
[0082] If the RAN node is an eNB and the CN node is an MME, the message can be an S1AP message. The S1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an E-RAB SETUP RESPONSE message, an E-RAB MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE MESSAGE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. If the RAN node is a gNB or a ng-eNB and the CN node is an AMF, the message can be a NGAP message. The NGAP message could be at least one of the following messages: a PDU SESSION RESOURCE SETUP RESPONSE message, a PDU SESSION RESOURCE MODIFY RESPONSE message, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE message, a UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION RESPONSE message, an INITIAL UE MESSAGE message, or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message. It is noted that the steps S61 and S62 can be split into four steps, like S31-S34.
[0083] At S63, the CU sends at least one of the following data, indications, or parameters to the DU, including the S&F data and the forwarding priority via one or more W1AP / F1AP messages. The W1AP / F1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: a DL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, an UE CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message, or an UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message.
[0084] At S64 after the DU (exemplarily implemented on a satellite or aircraft) is connected with UE via an available service link, the DU node can forward the stored S&F data, which was received from the CN, to the UE via RRC signaling.
[0085] At S65, after the UE receives the forwarded data from the DU, the UE can send a delivered indication via RRC signaling to the DU node to show whether the S&F data have been delivered to the UE.
[0086] At S66, the delivered indication can be forwarded by the DU to CU, once the connection is established, via one or more W1AP / F1AP messages. The W1AP / F1AP message could be at least one of the following messages: an INITIAL UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, an UL RRC MESSAGE TRANSFER message, or aUE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUIRED message.
[0087] At S67, after the CU receives the feedback from the DU, the CU node sends the delivered indication to the CN node. The CU node can further send a delivery time to the CN node, and the delivery time can be used to indicate when the forwarded data is delivered to the UE. The S1AP / NGAP message sent by the RAN node to the CN could be an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT message.
[0088] If the DU is a ng-eNB-DU and the CU is a ng-eNB-CU, the above W1AP / F1AP messages can be W1AP messages. If the DU is a gNB-DU and the CU is a gNB-CU, the above W1AP / F1AP messages can be F1AP messages.
[0089] FIG. 13 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system 10, in accordance with some embodiments of this disclosure. The system 10 may perform the methods / steps and their combination disclosed in this disclosure. The system 10 may include components and elements configured to support operating features that need not be described in detail herein.
[0090] The system 10 may include at least one base station (BS) 110 (or a RAN node) , at least one user equipment (UE) 120, and at least one core network (CN) 130. The BS 110 includes a BS transceiver or transceiver module 112, a BS antenna system 116, a BS memory or memory module 114, a BS processor or processor module 113, and a network interface 111. The components of BS 110 may be electrically coupled and in communication with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 180. Likewise, the UE 120 includes a UE transceiver or transceiver module 122, a UE antenna system 126, a UE memory or memory module 124, a UE processor or processor module 123, and an I / O interface 121. The components of the UE 120 may be electrically coupled and in communication with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 190. The BS 110 communicates with the UE 120 via communication channels therebetween, which can be any wireless channel or other medium known in the art suitable for transmission of data as described herein. The channels may include carriers of PCells and SCells. The CN 130 includes at least one BS transceiver or transceiver module 132, at least one CN antenna system 136, at least one CN memory or memory module 134, at least one BS processor or processor module 133, and at least one network interface 131. The CN can be form by a distributed system, including multiple devices 136.
[0091] The processor modules 113, 123, 133 may be implemented, or realized, with a general-purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor module may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor module may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0092] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module performed by processor modules 113, 123, 133, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 113, 123, 133 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, EEPROM memory, registers, ROM memory, EPROM memory, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, the memory modules 114, 124, 134 may be coupled to the processor modules 113, 123, 133 respectively, such that the processors modules 113, 123, 133 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 114, 124, 134 respectively. The memory modules 114, 124, 134 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 113, 123, 133. In some embodiments, the memory modules 114, 124, 134 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be performed by processor modules 113, 123, 133, respectively. The memory modules 114, 124, 134 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be performed by the processor modules 113, 123, 133, respectively.
[0093] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order and / or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art would understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in exemplary order (s) , and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0094] This disclosure is intended to cover any conceivable variations, uses, combination, or adaptive changes of this disclosure following the general principles of this disclosure, and includes well-known knowledge and conventional technical means in the art and undisclosed in this application.
[0095] It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures or operation described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this application. The scope of this application is subject only to the appended claims.
[0096] The methods, devices, processing, circuitry, and logic described above may be implemented in many different ways and in many different combinations of hardware and software. For example, all or parts of the implementations may be circuitry that includes an instruction processor or controller, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) , microcontroller, or a microprocessor; or as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , Programmable Logic Device (PLD) , or Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) ; or as circuitry that includes discrete logic or other circuit components, including analog circuit components, digital circuit components or both; or any combination thereof. The circuitry may include discrete interconnected hardware components or may be combined on a single integrated circuit die, distributed among multiple integrated circuit dies, or implemented in a Multiple Chip Module (MCM) of multiple integrated circuit dies in a common package, as examples.
[0097] Accordingly, the circuitry may store or access instructions for execution, or may implement its functionality in hardware alone. The instructions may be stored in a tangible storage medium that is other than a transitory signal, such as a flash memory, a Random Access Memory (RAM) , a Read Only Memory (ROM) , an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) ; or on a magnetic or optical disc, such as a Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CDROM) , Hard Disk Drive (HDD) , or other magnetic or optical disk; or in or on another machine-readable medium. A product, such as a computer program product, may include a storage medium and instructions stored in or on the medium, and the instructions when performed by the circuitry in a device may cause the device to implement any of the processing described above or illustrated in the drawings.
[0098] The implementations may be distributed. For instance, the circuitry may include multiple distinct system components, such as multiple processors and memories, and may span multiple distributed processing systems. Parameters, databases, and other data structures may be separately stored and managed, may be incorporated into a single memory or database, may be logically and physically organized in many different ways, and may be implemented in many different ways. Example implementations include linked lists, program variables, hash tables, arrays, records (e.g., database records) , objects, and implicit storage mechanisms. Instructions may form parts (e.g., subroutines or other code sections) of a single program, may form multiple separate programs, may be distributed across multiple memories and processors, and may be implemented in many different ways. Example implementations include stand-alone programs, and as part of a library, such as a shared library like a Dynamic Link Library (DLL) . The library, for example, may contain shared data and one or more shared programs that include instructions that perform any of the processing described above or illustrated in the drawings, when performed by the circuitry.
[0099] In some examples, each unit, subunit, and / or module of the system may include a logical component. Each logical component may be hardware or a combination of hardware and software. For example, each logical component may include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) , a digital logic circuit, an analog circuit, a combination of discrete circuits, gates, or any other type of hardware or combination thereof. Alternatively or in addition, each logical component may include memory hardware, such as a portion of the memory, for example, that includes instructions executable with the processor or other processors to implement one or more of the features of the logical components. When any one of the logical components includes the portion of the memory that includes instructions executable with the processor, the logical component may or may not include the processor. In some examples, each logical component may just be the portion of the memory or other physical memory that includes instructions executable with the processor or other processor to implement the features of the corresponding logical component without the logical component including any other hardware. Because each logical component includes at least some hardware even when the included hardware includes software, each logical component may be interchangeably referred to as a hardware logical component.
[0100] A second action may be said to be “in response to” a first action independent of whether the second action results directly or indirectly from the first action. The second action may occur at a substantially later time than the first action and still be in response to the first action. Similarly, the second action may be said to be in response to the first action even if intervening actions take place between the first action and the second action, and even if one or more of the intervening actions directly cause the second action to be performed. For example, a second action may be in response to a first action if the first action sets a flag and a third action later initiates the second action whenever the flag is set.
[0101] To clarify the use of and to hereby provide notice to the public, the phrases “at least one of , , …and <N> ” or “at least one of , , … <N> , or combinations thereof” or “ , , …and / or <N> ” are defined by the Applicant in the broadest sense, superseding any other implied definitions hereinbefore or hereinafter unless expressly asserted by the Applicant to the contrary, to mean one or more elements selected from the group comprising A, B, …and N. In other words, the phrases mean any combination of one or more of the elements A, B, …or N including any one element alone or the one element in combination with one or more of the other elements which may also include, in combination, additional elements not listed.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:sending, by a first communication node to a second communication node, a first message including at least one of a storing and forwarding indication, to-be-forwarded data, or forwarding priority; andreceiving, by the first communication node from a second communication node, a second message in response to the first message.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the second message includes at least one of: a storing and forwarding function support indication, a data retention period, a data quota, or a storing and forwarding acknowledgement indication.3.The method of claim 2, wherein:the storing and forwarding function support indication indicates capability of the second communication node to store and forward the to-be-forwarded data;the data retention period indicates a duration when the second communication node can retain the to-be-forwarded data before the to-be-forwarded data is forwarded or discarded; and / orthe data quota indicates a data quota the second communication node can retain.4.The method of claim 2, wherein at least two of the storing and forwarding function support indication, the data retention period, the data quota, and the storing and forwarding acknowledgement indication are sent in the second message.5.The method of claim 1, wherein the storing and forwarding indication is sent in the first message and at least one of the to-be-forwarded data or the forwarding priority is sent in a third message after receiving the second message.6.The method of claim 1, wherein at least two of the storing and forwarding indication, the to-be-forwarded data, and the forwarding priority are sent in the first message.7.The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving at least one of a delivered indication or a delivery time.8.The method of claim 7, wherein:the delivered indication indicates the to-be-forwarded data is delivered; and / orthe delivery time indicates an estimated or actual delivery time of the to-be-forwarded data.9.The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:the storing and forwarding indication triggers a storing and forwarding function of the second communication node;the to-be-forwarded data is sent to the second communication node to be retained and forwarded to a third communication node once the second communication node is connected with the third communication node; and / orthe forwarding priority indicates a priority of the corresponding to-be-forwarded data.10.The method of anyone of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first communication node is user equipment or a core network and the second communication node is a satellite.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the second communication node is a distributed unit of a base station implemented on the satellite.12.A wireless communication method, comprising:receiving to-be-forwarded data, by a first communication node from a second communication node, the to-be-forwarded data is from a third communication node; andsending at least one of a delivered indication or a delivery time.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the first communication node includes a core network, the second communication node includes a satellite, and the third communication node includes user equipment.14.The method of claim 12, wherein the first communication node includes user equipment, the second communication node includes a satellite, and the third communication node includes a core network.15.The method of claim 12, further comprising receiving at least one of a storing and forwarding indication or forwarding priority.16.The method of claim 12, further comprising sending at least one of a storing and forwarding function support indication, a data retention period, a data quota, or a storing and forwarding acknowledgement indication.17.The method of claim 16, wherein:the storing and forwarding function support indication indicates capability of the first communication to store and forward the to-be-forwarded data;the data retention period indicates a duration when the first communication node can retain the to-be-forwarded data before the to-be-forwarded data is forwarded or discarded; and / orthe data quota indicates a data quota the first communication node can retain.18.The method of claim 15, wherein:the storing and forwarding indication triggers a storing and forwarding function of the first communication node; and / orthe forwarding priority indicates a priority of the corresponding to-be-forwarded data.19.The method of any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the first communication node is a centralized united of a base station.20.A wireless communication apparatus, comprising memory circuitry storing one or more programs and one or more processors electrically coupled to the memory circuitry and configured to execute the one or more programs to perform any one of the methods or their combinations of claims 1 to 19.21.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being configured to, when executed by at least one processor, cause to perform any one of the methods or their combinations of claims 1 to 19.
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