Wired access-based congestion handling method and apparatus, readable medium, and device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a wired access-based congestion handling method and apparatus, a readable medium, and a device. The congestion handling method is performed by a residential gateway, the residential gateway is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device, and the congestion handling method comprises: establishing a protocol data unit (PDU) session with a core network element by means of the wired access gateway device; monitoring service data packets transmitted by the service processing device and a service server on the basis of the PDU session; and if congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, performing congestion marking. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can ensure that a service processing device can achieve congestion handling of service data flows by means of both 3GPPRAT and non-3GPPRAT, helping to improve the utilization rate of network bandwidth and the quality of service processing.

Description

Congestion processing method, device, readable medium and equipment based on wired access

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 28, 2023, with application number 202311843740.7 and invention name “Congestion handling method, device, readable medium and equipment based on wired access”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of computer and communication technology, and in particular to a congestion handling method, apparatus, readable medium, and device based on wired access. Background Art

[0003] In the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) and its subsequent evolution systems (such as 5G-A and 6G), high-bandwidth interactive services are important service types, such as cloud gaming, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), extended reality (XR), cinematic reality (CR), and XR and media services (XRM). These high-bandwidth interactive services have strict requirements for transmission timeliness and, due to the huge amount of data, congestion during transmission will seriously affect the quality of service (QoS) of these interactive services.

[0004] At the same time, the processing equipment for the above-mentioned interactive services is not limited to the Radio Access Technology (RAT) defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), but can also support non-3GPP RAT. In this case, how to handle congestion for these interactive services is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a wired access-based congestion handling method, apparatus, readable medium, and device, which can ensure that service processing equipment can implement congestion handling of service data flows through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT, thereby improving network bandwidth utilization and service processing quality.

[0006] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by practice of the present application.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a congestion handling method based on wired access, which is executed by a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. The congestion handling method includes: establishing a protocol data unit (PDU) session with a core network element through the wired access gateway device; monitoring service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; if congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, performing congestion marking processing.

[0008] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a congestion handling method based on wired access, which is executed by a wired access gateway device, the wired access gateway device is connected to a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected to a service processing device. The congestion handling method includes: establishing a PDU session between the residential gateway and the core network element based on a PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway; monitoring the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; if congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, performing congestion marking processing.

[0009] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a congestion processing device based on wired access, which is applied to a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. The congestion processing device includes: an establishment unit, configured to establish a PDU session with a core network element through the wired access gateway device; a monitoring unit, configured to monitor service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; and a processing unit, configured to perform congestion marking processing if it is detected that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server.

[0010] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a congestion processing device based on wired access, wherein the congestion processing device is applied to a wired access gateway device, the wired access gateway device is connected to a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected to a service processing device. The congestion processing device includes: an establishment unit, configured to establish a PDU session between the residential gateway and a core network element based on a PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway; a monitoring unit, configured to monitor service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; and a processing unit, configured to perform congestion marking processing if it is detected that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server.

[0011] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the congestion handling method based on wired access as described in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0012] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more computer programs, wherein when the one or more computer programs are executed by the one or more processors, the electronic device implements the congestion handling method based on wired access as described in the above embodiment.

[0013] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, comprising a computer program stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of an electronic device reads and executes the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium, causing the electronic device to perform the wired access-based congestion handling method provided in the various optional embodiments described above.

[0014] In the technical solutions provided in some embodiments of the present application, after the residential gateway establishes a PDU session with the core network element through the wired access gateway device, the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session are monitored, and when congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed, so that the congestion handling mechanism can be interconnected and integrated between the 3GPP network and the non-3GPP network based on the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device, thereby ensuring that the service processing device can implement congestion handling of the service data flow through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT. On the premise of reducing the congestion of the service data flow, the processing flexibility of the service data flow is improved, which is conducive to improving the utilization of network bandwidth and the quality of service processing.

[0015] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary system architecture to which the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing a transmission process of a multimedia data packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG3 shows a flow chart of a congestion handling method based on wired access according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG4 shows a flow chart of a congestion handling method based on wired access according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG5 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a service processing device establishing a connection with a 5G core network through a 5G-RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG6 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a service processing device establishing a connection with a 5G core network through an RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack related to 5G-RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack related to 5G-RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG9 shows a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack related to FN-RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack related to FN-RG according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG11 shows a block diagram of a congestion handling device based on wired access according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG12 shows a block diagram of a congestion handling device based on wired access according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG13 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer system suitable for implementing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example embodiments will now be described in a more complete manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to these examples; rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0030] In addition, the features, structures or characteristics described in the present application may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, there are many specific details so that the embodiments of the present application can be fully understood. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when implementing the technical solution of the present application, it is not necessary to use all the detailed features in the embodiments, one or more specific details may be omitted, or other methods, elements, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "module" or "unit" refers to a computer program or a part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works together with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented in whole or in part by using software, hardware (such as processing circuits or memories) or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memories) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. In addition, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the function of the module or unit.

[0032] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0033] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while others may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0034] It should be noted that the term "plurality" used in this document refers to two or more. "And / or" describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0035] With the development of 5G and its subsequent evolution systems (such as 5G-A and 6G), many multimedia services requiring high data volumes and short latency have been adopted, such as cloud gaming, VR, AR, MR, XR, and CR interactive services.

[0036] For example, in the cloud gaming scenario shown in FIG1 , the cloud server 101 is used to run the cloud game. The cloud server 101 can render the game screen, encode the audio signal and the rendered image, and finally transmit the encoded data obtained by the encoding process to each game client through the network. The game client can be a user equipment (UE) with basic streaming media playback capabilities, human-computer interaction capabilities, and communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer, desktop computer, smart TV, smart home, car terminal, aircraft, etc.; or the game client can be an application running in a terminal device. Specifically, the game client can decode the encoded data transmitted by the cloud server 101 to obtain an analog audio and video signal and play it.

[0037] It should be understood that FIG1 is only an exemplary representation of the system architecture of the cloud gaming system and does not limit the specific architecture of the cloud gaming system; for example, in other embodiments, the cloud gaming system may also include a background server for scheduling, etc. The cloud server 101 can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDNs), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The game client and the cloud server 101 can be directly or indirectly connected via wired or wireless communication, which is not limited in this application.

[0038] In the various multimedia-based interactive service application scenarios mentioned above, multimedia data packets are large in size and therefore need to be split into multiple packets for transmission. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, taking the 5G system as an example, the user plane mainly includes the application server, the user plane function (UPF), the base station (next generation nodeB, gNB), and the UE. For some typical service scenarios, the transmission of multimedia data packets is mainly in the downlink direction, such as from the application server (AS) to the UPF, and then sent to the UE through the gNB. During transmission, the multimedia data packet (using the XR data packet as an example in Figure 2) is split at the application layer of the application server. After the split data packet reaches the UPF from the application server as an Internet Protocol (IP) packet, the 5G system transmits the sub-data packet to the UE through the PDU session. At the UE, the sub-data packet is handed up through the protocol stack step by step and reassembled to recover the multimedia data packet.

[0039] In the system shown in Figure 2, the L1 layer refers to the physical layer, which is used to ensure that the original data can be transmitted on various physical media; the L2 layer refers to the data link layer, which provides services to the network layer based on the services provided by the physical layer; the IP layer is the network layer, which is used to realize data transmission between two end systems; UDP is the User Datagram Protocol, which is called User Datagram Protocol in Chinese; GTP-U is the GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Tunneling Protocol, which is called General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol User Plane in Chinese; PHY is the abbreviation of Physical, which is called Physical Layer in Chinese; MAC is Media Access Control, which is called Media Access Control in Chinese; RLC is Radio Link Control, which is called Radio Link Control Layer Protocol in Chinese; PDCP is the Packet Data Convergence Protocol, which is called Packet Data Convergence Protocol in Chinese; SDAP is the Service Data Adaptation Protocol, which is called Service Data Adaptation Protocol in Chinese.

[0040] As mentioned earlier, for multimedia services (such as XRM), it's common to split a single multimedia data packet into multiple packets for transmission. A single multimedia service frame or group of packets (GoP) can also be quite large, requiring a series of IP packets to carry it. These IP packets are somewhat correlated, and processing them based on this correlation can effectively conserve wireless network bandwidth.

[0041] For example, assuming that data is transmitted through multiple IP packets, these multiple IP packets can form a PDUset (PDU set). If some packets in the PDUset are lost, the entire frame, GoP or other video content may be unable to be decoded, and the remaining data in the PDUset is meaningless to the decoding end. However, if application layer forward error correction (FEC) or other mechanisms are introduced, the media application layer has a certain packet loss recovery capability or anti-packet loss capability, then the remaining data in the PDUset can still be recovered and decoded after some messages are discarded, which means that the remaining data in the PDUset is still meaningful for the receiving end to decode.

[0042] Furthermore, if the QoS processing mechanism distinguishes different PDU sets based on the relevance of application-layer data packets, then PDU sets with high rates but a certain percentage of packet loss or delay excess can continue to be processed. In other words, multimedia services can be handled more flexibly. Furthermore, when network congestion occurs, if the multimedia service source can sense the congestion and adjust the transmission rate in a timely manner, the congestion can be greatly alleviated, thereby reducing multimedia service interruptions and improving the user experience. Furthermore, if network entities perform packet loss processing based on PDU sets after network congestion occurs, congestion can also be reduced. Therefore, addressing congestion from both the service source and network perspectives is essential.

[0043] When processing multimedia services, it is not limited to the RATs defined by the 3GPP organization. Non-3GPP RATs can also be supported. This is because in real-world scenarios, it is common to use non-3GPP defined devices to process multimedia services. In this case, how to handle congestion for multimedia services is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0044] It is precisely based on the above problems that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application proposes a new congestion handling solution based on wired access, which can realize the interoperability and integration of the congestion handling mechanism between the 3GPP network and the non-3GPP network based on the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device, thereby ensuring that the service processing equipment can realize congestion handling of service data flows through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT. On the premise of reducing the congestion of service data flows, the processing flexibility of service data flows is improved, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of network bandwidth and service processing quality, so as to better cope with the challenges of high-bandwidth interactive services to wireless network transmission.

[0045] The following is a detailed description of the implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application:

[0046] FIG3 shows a flowchart of a congestion handling method based on wired access according to an embodiment of the present application. The congestion handling method can be executed by a residential gateway, which is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. It should be noted that in the current standard, a residential gateway can be (Residential Gateway, RG). For example, in 5G technology, the method shown in FIG3 can be executed by a 5G-RG. Of course, the technical solution of the embodiment shown in FIG3 can also be executed by other devices capable of performing similar functions, or by other network elements or devices with similar functions defined in the standard. Referring to FIG3 , the congestion handling method based on wired access includes at least S310 to S330, which are described in detail as follows:

[0047] In S310 , a PDU session is established with a core network element via a wired access gateway device.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, taking the residential gateway executing the technical solution of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 as an example, the residential gateway can send a PDU session establishment request to the wired access gateway device to initiate the PDU session establishment process, and then the wired access gateway device can send the PDU session establishment request to the access and mobility management function (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), and the AMF executes the PDU session establishment process, such as AMF executes the selection of the session management function (Session Management Function, SMF) and initiates the creation of a session management context request, and then establishes a PDU session between the residential gateway and the core network element through the interaction between network elements such as SMF, AMF and Policy Control Function (Policy Control Function, PCF).

[0049] Optionally, after the PDU session is established, data can be transmitted between the residential gateway and the service server via the user plane. Specifically, the service server can send downlink data packets intended for the service processing device to the residential gateway via the user plane, and then the residential gateway sends them to the connected service processing device. The service processing device can send uplink data packets intended for the service server to the residential gateway, and then the residential gateway sends them to the service server via the user plane.

[0050] It should be noted that the service processing device in the embodiment of the present application can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart TV, a smart home, a vehicle terminal, an aircraft, etc. The service processing device can be a device that supports non-3GPP RAT, or a device that supports both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, when establishing a PDU session with a core network element, the residential gateway may establish one or more PDU sessions with the core network element through a wired access gateway device according to the service characteristics corresponding to the service data flow to be processed.

[0052] It should be noted that the service characteristics corresponding to the service data stream are used to represent the characteristics of the service data stream, such as frame rate, resolution, and the type of data contained. Optionally, the service characteristics can be used to characterize the media type. For example, based on the service characteristics corresponding to the service data stream, it can be determined whether the media type contained in the service data stream is audio, video, tactile information, or other types. Of course, the service characteristics can also be used to characterize the service type of the media. For example, based on the service characteristics, it can be determined whether the service type corresponding to the service data stream is a cloud gaming service, a remote driving service, or an email transmission service.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, assuming that the service characteristics indicate that the service data flow contains data of multiple media types, the residential gateway can establish a PDU session with the core network network element through the wired access gateway device, and data of different media types correspond to different QoS flows in the PDU session; or the residential gateway can also establish PDU sessions corresponding to different media types with the core network network element through the wired access gateway device.

[0054] For example, if a service data stream contains audio, video, and tactile information data, the residential gateway can establish a PDU session with the core network element through the wired access gateway device to carry these three media types of data. However, data of different media types can correspond to different QoS flows in the PDU session. Alternatively, the residential gateway can establish three PDU sessions with the core network element through the wired access gateway device, corresponding to audio, video, and tactile information data, respectively.

[0055] Optionally, if the residential gateway needs to establish PDU sessions corresponding to different media types with the core network element through the wired access gateway device, the residential gateway can establish multiple PDU sessions (i.e., PDU sessions corresponding to different media types) by sending one PDU session establishment request. Of course, the residential gateway can also establish these multiple PDU sessions by sending multiple PDU session establishment requests, that is, the residential gateway sends one PDU session establishment request to only establish one PDU session.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the wired access gateway device may be a wired access gateway function (Wireline-Access Gateway Function, W-AGF), or may be other network elements or devices with similar functions.

[0057] In S320 , the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session are monitored.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, monitoring of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on a PDU session may include monitoring of uplink service data packets transmitted by the service processing device through the established PDU session, or monitoring of downlink service data packets transmitted by the service server through the established PDU session. In other words, the residential gateway may monitor both uplink service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, and downlink service data packets transmitted between the service server and the service processing device, or may monitor both uplink and downlink service data packets between the service processing device and the service server simultaneously.

[0059] In S330 , if it is detected that the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server are congested, congestion marking processing is performed.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the congestion marking process of the residential gateway may include marking the uplink service data packet with Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) when detecting congestion in the uplink service data packet sent by the service processing device to the service server.

[0061] Optionally, the ECN marking applied to the uplink service data packet can be set in the IP header of the uplink service data packet to indicate that the uplink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the uplink service data packet is sent to the service server, the service server will detect congestion during transmission based on the ECN marking in the uplink service data packet. The service server will then reply with an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service processing device. When the service processing device receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it will be aware that congestion has occurred in the network path for the uplink service data packet and will adjust the transmission rate of the uplink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the congestion marking process of the residential gateway may be to perform ECN marking on the downlink service data packets when it is detected that congestion occurs in the downlink service data packets sent by the service server to the service processing device.

[0063] Optionally, the ECN marking applied to downlink service data packets can be set in the IP header of the downlink service data packet to indicate that the downlink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the downlink service data packet is sent to the service processing device, the service processing device detects congestion during transmission based on the ECN marking in the downlink service data packet. The service processing device then sends an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service server. When the service server receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it is aware of congestion in the network path of the downlink service data packet and adjusts the transmission rate of the downlink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0064] In some optional embodiments, if the residential gateway detects that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway, it may also send congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device, and then the wired access gateway device may transmit the congestion indication information to the core network network element, so that the core network network element can obtain that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway, and can take corresponding measures to reduce the congestion, such as reducing the sending rate of the downlink service data packets, adjusting the QoS parameters of the service data packets, etc.

[0065] The congestion indication information is used to indicate congestion information of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

[0066] Optionally, the residential gateway may send congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device when it detects that congestion occurs in the uplink service data packets sent by the service processing device to the residential gateway; it may also send congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device when it detects that congestion occurs in the downlink service data packets sent by the residential gateway to the service processing device.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, the process of the residential gateway sending congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device can be based on the wired access control plane protocol (Wireline access Control Plane, W-CP) between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device to send congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device; or the congestion indication information can also be sent to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

[0068] In some optional embodiments, the process of the residential gateway sending congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device can be to directly send a data packet to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device to indicate that congestion has occurred in the service data packet transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway; or a flag bit for indicating that congestion has occurred in the service data packet transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway can be added to the data packet sent to the wired access gateway device, and then the data packet with the flag bit added can be sent to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

[0069] In some optional embodiments, the residential gateway may perform transit processing on the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server through low latency, low packet loss, and scalable throughput (L4S) technology, or the residential gateway may perform congestion marking processing on the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server through L4S technology.

[0070] Among them, low latency refers to the time required for data to be transmitted from the sender to the receiver as short as possible. Delay refers to the time delay during the transmission process, which may affect the response speed and performance of the application. Low latency technology can reduce transmission time and improve the response speed of the application and user experience. Low packet loss refers to the fact that the loss rate of data packets is as low as possible during network transmission. Packet loss refers to the situation where some data packets fail to be successfully transmitted to the receiver during network transmission. Low packet loss technology can ensure data integrity and reliability and avoid errors and losses during data transmission. Scalable throughput refers to the data processing capacity of the network or system that can be expanded according to demand. Scalable throughput technology can adjust the processing capacity of the network or system according to actual needs to ensure efficient operation and scalability of the system.

[0071] It can be seen that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application enables the residential gateway to implement congestion marking processing based on L4S technology, which helps to reduce delays, reduce packet loss rates, and achieve scalable throughput. At the same time, because the congestion marking processing based on L4S technology provides early congestion feedback, the sending end can adjust the sending rate in time, thereby improving the performance and stability of the network. In addition, the embodiment of the present application can realize the intercommunication and integration of L4S technology between 3GPP networks and non-3GPP networks, thereby ensuring that business processing equipment can implement L4S-based congestion processing through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT, which is conducive to improving network bandwidth utilization and business processing quality.

[0072] In some optional embodiments, the residential gateway in the embodiments of the present application may be a 5G residential gateway, or a fixed network (FN) residential gateway, or other network elements or devices with similar functions, such as other network elements or devices defined in subsequent standards. If the residential gateway is a 5G residential gateway (5G-RG), the control plane protocol between the 5G-RG and the wired access gateway device may be a W-CP protocol, and the user plane protocol may be a wired access user plane protocol (Wireline access User Plane, W-UP) protocol. If the residential gateway is a fixed network residential gateway (Fixed Network-Residential Gateway, FN-RG), the control plane protocol between the FN-RG and the wired access gateway device may be a legacy wired access control plane (Legacy Wireline access Control Plane, LW-CP) protocol, and the user plane protocol may be a legacy wired access user plane (Legacy Wireline access User Plane, LW-UP) protocol.

[0073] Optionally, the wired access protocol between the 5G-RG and the wired access gateway device may be a wired access protocol defined by CableLabs or the Broadband Forum (BBF), or may be another wired access protocol capable of achieving similar functions. The traditional wired access protocol between the FN-RG and the wired access gateway device may be a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) protocol, an Ethernet protocol, a fiber optic access protocol, or the like.

[0074] The above describes the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of a residential gateway. The following further describes the implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of a wired access gateway device in conjunction with FIG4 :

[0075] FIG4 shows a flowchart of a wired access-based congestion handling method according to an embodiment of the present application. The congestion handling method can be executed by a wired access gateway device, which is connected to a residential gateway, which is connected to a service processing device. Optionally, the wired access gateway device can be a W-AGF. Of course, the technical solution of the embodiment shown in FIG4 can also be executed by other devices capable of performing similar functions, or by other network elements or devices with similar functions defined in the standard. Referring to FIG4 , the wired access-based congestion handling method includes at least S410 to S430, which are described in detail as follows:

[0076] In S410 , based on the PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway, a PDU session is established between the residential gateway and the core network element.

[0077] Optionally, the process of the wired access gateway device establishing a PDU session based on the PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway can refer to the technical solution of the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0078] In S420 , the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session are monitored.

[0079] In some optional embodiments, monitoring of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on a PDU session may include monitoring of uplink service data packets transmitted by the service processing device through the established PDU session, or monitoring of downlink service data packets transmitted by the service server through the established PDU session. In other words, the wired access gateway device may monitor both uplink service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, and downlink service data packets transmitted between the service server and the service processing device, or may monitor both uplink and downlink service data packets between the service processing device and the service server simultaneously.

[0080] In S430 , if it is detected that the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server are congested, congestion marking processing is performed.

[0081] In some optional embodiments, the congestion marking process of the wired access gateway device may be to perform ECN marking on the uplink service data packet when it is detected that congestion occurs in the uplink service data packet sent by the service processing device to the service server.

[0082] Optionally, the ECN marking applied to the uplink service data packet can be set in the IP header of the uplink service data packet to indicate that the uplink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the uplink service data packet is sent to the service server, the service server will detect congestion during transmission based on the ECN marking in the uplink service data packet. The service server will then reply with an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service processing device. When the service processing device receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it will be aware that congestion has occurred in the network path for the uplink service data packet and will adjust the transmission rate of the uplink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0083] In some optional embodiments, the congestion marking process of the wired access gateway device may be to perform ECN marking on the downlink service data packets when congestion is detected in the downlink service data packets sent from the service server to the service processing device.

[0084] Optionally, the ECN marking applied to downlink service data packets can be set in the IP header of the downlink service data packet to indicate that the downlink service data packet has experienced network congestion. After the downlink service data packet is sent to the service processing device, the service processing device detects congestion during transmission based on the ECN marking in the downlink service data packet. The service processing device then sends an ACK message with ECN-echo to the service server. When the service server receives the ACK message with ECN-echo, it is aware of congestion in the network path of the downlink service data packet and adjusts the transmission rate of the downlink service data packet accordingly to avoid further congestion.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, the wired access gateway device can also obtain congestion information of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, and then send the congestion information to the core network network element. In this way, the core network network element can determine whether to take corresponding congestion reduction measures based on the congestion information sent by the wired access gateway device, such as reducing the sending rate of downlink service data packets, adjusting the service quality (QoS) parameters of the service data packets, etc.

[0086] In some optional embodiments, the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server obtained by the wired access gateway device may include at least one of the following: detecting the congestion information of the service data packets transferred through the wired access gateway device; generating congestion information based on wired access parameters; receiving congestion indication information reported by the residential gateway, which congestion indication information is used to indicate the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

[0087] In some optional embodiments, the service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device may be an uplink service data packet sent from the service processing device to the service server, or a downlink service data packet sent from the service server to the service processing device.

[0088] Optionally, the Traffic Control Queue Profile (TC-Queue-Profile) defined in the descriptor field of the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device can be detected to detect congestion information of the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device. TC-Queue-Profile is a parameter set used to define and control network traffic. The parameter set may include queue priority, bandwidth allocation, delay, etc., wherein the queue refers to the queue to which the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device belong. TC-Queue-Profile can provide useful information when network traffic increases and may cause congestion.

[0089] In some optional embodiments, detecting a flow control queue profile defined in a descriptor field of a service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device to detect congestion information of the service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device includes at least one of the following:

[0090] If the bandwidth usage of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is higher than the bandwidth usage of other queues within a preset time period, it is determined that the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packet belongs is congested;

[0091] If the delay of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is greater than the preset delay, it is determined that the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packet belongs is congested.

[0092] For example, if the bandwidth usage of the queue to which the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device belong is continuously higher than the bandwidth usage of other queues, this may indicate that the network path corresponding to the queue is congested.

[0093] For example, if the delay time of the queue to which the service data packets transferred through the wired access gateway device belong increases, this may also indicate that the network path corresponding to the queue is congested.

[0094] For example, if packet loss occurs in a queue to which service data packets transferred via a wired access gateway device belong, this may also indicate that congestion exists in the network path corresponding to the queue.

[0095] Therefore, the TC-Queue-Profile defined in the descriptor field of the service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device can be extracted to determine the congestion information of the service data packet.

[0096] In some optional embodiments, generating congestion information based on wired access parameters may be based on the RG-Level Wireline Access Characteristic (RG-LWAC) of the wired access gateway device. It should be noted that the RG-LWAC of the wired access gateway device is primarily used to describe the wired link of the wired access gateway device, such as the supported transmission rate, jitter characteristics, and packet loss rate. Therefore, congestion information for the corresponding wired link can be generated based on the RG-LWAC.

[0097] In some optional embodiments, generating the congestion information according to the residential gateway layer wired access characteristics of the wired access gateway device includes at least one of the following:

[0098] If the transmission rate of the wired link is lower than a preset rate, generating the congestion information;

[0099] If the jitter of the wired link is greater than a preset duration, generating the congestion information;

[0100] If the packet loss rate of the wired link is greater than a preset packet loss rate, the congestion information is generated.

[0101] For example, if the transmission rate of the wired link of the wired access gateway device is low, it means that there are many data packets waiting to be transmitted. In this case, congestion may have occurred in the network. Therefore, congestion information of the wired link can be generated based on the transmission rate of the wired link of the wired access gateway device.

[0102] For example, if the jitter of the wired link of the wired access gateway device is large, it means that there are many data packets waiting to be transmitted. In this case, congestion may have occurred in the network. Therefore, congestion information of the wired link can be generated based on the jitter characteristics of the wired link of the wired access gateway device.

[0103] For example, if the packet loss rate of the wired link of the wired access gateway device is large, it means that there are many data packets waiting to be transmitted. In this case, congestion may have occurred in the network. Therefore, congestion information of the wired link can be generated based on the packet loss rate of the wired link of the wired access gateway device.

[0104] In some optional embodiments, generating congestion information according to wired access parameters may be generating congestion information according to the number of buffers.

[0105] In some optional embodiments, generating the congestion information according to the number of buffers includes: if the number of buffers is greater than a preset number, generating the congestion information.

[0106] For example, if the number of buffers is large, it means that there are many data packets waiting to be transmitted. In this case, congestion may occur in the network. Therefore, congestion information of the wired link can be generated based on the number of buffers.

[0107] In some optional embodiments, generating the congestion information based on the number of buffers includes: generating the congestion information if the number of buffers is greater than the product of a preset number and a first preset factor, wherein the first preset factor may be greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0108] In some optional embodiments, generating congestion information according to wired access parameters may be generating congestion information according to a data packet queue length.

[0109] In some optional embodiments, generating congestion information according to the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs includes: if the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is greater than a preset length, generating the congestion information.

[0110] For example, if the packet queue length is large, it means that there are many packets waiting to be transmitted. In this case, congestion may occur in the network. Therefore, congestion information of the wired link can be generated based on the packet queue length.

[0111] In some optional embodiments, generating congestion information based on the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs includes: generating the congestion information if the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is greater than the product of a preset length and a second preset factor, wherein the second preset factor may be greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0112] In some optional embodiments, the congestion indication information reported by the residential gateway may be congestion information of uplink business data packets between the service processing device and the residential gateway; it may also be congestion information of downlink business data packets between the residential gateway and the service processing device; it may also include congestion information of uplink business data packets between the service processing device and the residential gateway, as well as congestion information of downlink business data packets between the residential gateway and the service processing device.

[0113] In some optional embodiments, the wired access gateway device can use L4S technology to transfer and process the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server. It can be seen that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application enables the wired access gateway device to implement congestion marking processing based on L4S technology, thereby helping to reduce delays, reduce packet loss rates, and achieve scalable throughput. At the same time, since the congestion marking processing based on L4S technology provides early congestion feedback, the sending end can adjust the sending rate in time, thereby improving the performance and stability of the network. In addition, the embodiment of the present application can realize the intercommunication and integration of L4S technology between 3GPP networks and non-3GPP networks, thereby ensuring that the service processing equipment can implement L4S-based congestion processing through both 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT, which is conducive to improving the utilization of network bandwidth and service processing quality.

[0114] In some optional embodiments, the wired access gateway device may obtain QoS configuration information for performing L4S technology on service data packets, and then perform QoS processing on the service data packet transmission process between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0115] Optionally, the QoS configuration information obtained by the wired access gateway device for L4S-based service data packets can be used to instruct L4S-based congestion handling. For example, if the wired access gateway device detects congestion in downlink service data packets from the service server, it can discard the downlink service data packets. Optionally, when discarding downlink service data packets, the downlink service data packets can be discarded in ascending order of priority; alternatively, downlink service data packets that fail to meet latency requirements can be discarded.

[0116] For example, if the wired access gateway device detects congestion in uplink service data packets from the service processing device, it can discard the uplink service data packets. Optionally, when discarding uplink service data packets, the uplink service data packets can be discarded in ascending order of priority; or uplink service data packets that do not meet latency requirements can be discarded.

[0117] It should be noted that the QoS configuration information may also include other QoS parameter information, such as delay requirements, bit error rate requirements, etc. In this case, the wired access gateway device can perform QoS processing on the service data flow transmission process between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0118] Optionally, if the wired access gateway device detects that the transmission delay information of the downlink data packet from the service server does not meet the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information, the downlink data packet may be discarded. For downlink data packets transmitted in a PDU set manner, the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information is the PDU set delay budget (PDUSetDelayBudget, PSDB); for downlink data packets transmitted in a per-packet manner, the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information is the packet delay budget (PDB).

[0119] Optionally, if the wired access gateway device detects that the bit error rate of a downlink data packet from the service server does not meet the bit error rate requirement contained in the QoS configuration information, the downlink data packet may be discarded. For downlink data packets transmitted using a PDU set, the bit error rate contained in the QoS configuration information is the PDU Set Error Rate (PSER); for downlink data packets transmitted using a per-packet method, the bit error rate contained in the QoS configuration information is the Packet Error Rate (PER).

[0120] Optionally, if the wired access gateway device detects that the transmission delay information of an uplink data packet from the service processing device does not meet the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information, the uplink data packet may be discarded. For uplink data packets transmitted using the PDU set method, the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information is the PSDB; for uplink data packets transmitted using the per-packet method, the delay requirement contained in the QoS configuration information is the PDB.

[0121] Optionally, if the wired access gateway device detects that the bit error rate of an uplink data packet from the service processing device does not meet the bit error rate requirement included in the QoS configuration information, it may discard the uplink data packet. For uplink data packets transmitted using the PDU set method, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PSER; for uplink data packets transmitted using the per-packet method, the bit error rate included in the QoS configuration information is the PER.

[0122] The following, in conjunction with the 5G network, takes the wired access gateway device as W-AGF as an example to describe the implementation details of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application in detail:

[0123] Figure 5 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a service processing device establishing a connection with the 5G core network via a 5G-RG. In the system architecture shown in Figure 5, a 5G-RG is an RG capable of connecting to the 5G core network (5GCore, 5GC) and exchanging N1 signaling with the 5G-RG. The 5G-RG can be either a 5G-BRG or a 5G-CRG. A 5G-BRG is a 5G-RG defined in BBF, while a 5G-CRG is a 5G-RG defined in CableLabs.

[0124] The wireline 5G access network (W-5GAN) is a wired access network (AN) connected to the 5GC through the N2 and N3 reference points. The W-5GAN can be the W-5GBAN (i.e., the W-5GAN defined in BBF) or the W-5GCAN (i.e., the W-5GAN defined in CableLabs).

[0125] It should be noted that in the system architecture shown in Figure 5, the 5G-RG can access the 5G core network through the W-AGF, or if the 5G-RG has 3GPP RAT capabilities, it can also access the 5G core network through 3GPP Access. Among them, the service processing equipment is connected to the 5G-RG, and the service server is located at the back end of the 5G core network and connected to the data network (DN).

[0126] Other core network elements not shown in Figure 5 may be shown in Figure 6, which may include authentication server function (AUSF), network slice selection function (NSSF), network exposure function (NEF), network repository function (NRF), unified data management (UDM), application function (AF), etc.

[0127] The service processing device can be a device that processes XRM services (XRM Device), such as a UE, a personal computer (PC), a digital video set top box (STB), etc. The service server can be a server that processes XRM services (XRM Server). The service processing device can be connected to the 5G-RG via wired or wireless means. The AGF-CP shown in Figure 6 is the control plane of the access gateway function, and the AGF-UP is the user plane of the access gateway function.

[0128] In some optional embodiments, the following new functions may be introduced on the 5G-RG shown in Figures 5 and 6, but are not limited to: supporting the ECN marking for L4S of the XRM device; monitoring congestion from the XRM device to the 5G-RG on the 5G-RG, and reporting it to the W-AGF if it occurs.

[0129] Optionally, the ECN marking for L4S function supported by 5G-RG can be to perform ECN marking on the uplink service data packets sent by the XRM device, or to perform ECN marking on the downlink service data packets sent by the XRM Server.

[0130] Optionally, when the 5G-RG reports congestion to the W-AGF, it may do so via step 601 shown in FIG6 . Specifically, different methods may be used, including but not limited to: using the W-CP protocol as defined in the BBF or Cablelabs protocols; transmitting the information between the 5G-RG and the AGF via IP packets or other data packets via the user plane; or directly marking a congestion bit in the IP packet. When the 5G-RG forwards the data packet to the AGF, it directly indicates congestion via the congestion bit. When the AGF forwards the data packet to the 5GC, it may also directly indicate congestion via the congestion bit.

[0131] In some optional embodiments, the following new functions may be introduced on the W-AGF, including but not limited to: supporting congestion measurement and marking functions for N2 / N3 termination points, namely, ECN marking for L4S; performing congestion measurement between UPF interfaces on behalf of non-3GPP wired access, where the congestion measured by the W-AGF and the congestion reported by the 5G-RG are both reflected as congestion in the transmission path for the 5GC; and forming congestion information based on parameters of the non-3GPP wired access, such as RG-LWAC, number of buffers, queue length, or other information, and sending it to the 5GC.

[0132] Optionally, the ECN marking for L4S function supported by W-AGF can be to perform ECN marking on uplink service data packets sent by the XRM device, or to perform ECN marking on downlink service data packets sent by the XRM Server.

[0133] Optionally, the process of W-AGF sending congestion information (the congestion information can be measured to obtain congestion information or congestion information formed according to parameters of non-3GPP wired access) to 5GC and the process of performing ECN marking for L4S can be two independent processes or can be associated with each other.

[0134] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, in the relevant control plane protocol stack of 5G-RG, the 5G-RG that supports L4S processing can implement the UE side function, that is, terminate the non-access stratum (Non-Access Stratum, NAS) protocol N1 interface. The W-AGF can implement the wireless access side function, that is, terminate the N2 interface. The W-CP protocol between 5G-RG and W-AGF can be a wired access protocol defined by CableLabs or BBF, or it can be other wired access protocols that can achieve similar functions. The W-CP protocol needs to meet the security protection mechanism of the bearer NAS protocol, which is similar to the functions provided by the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) / Radio Link Control Protocol (RLC), that is, it needs to provide encryption (ciphering) and integrity protection functions (integrity protection).

[0135] Optionally, 5G-RG can also obtain the QoS rule information (QoS rules) for the L4S function configured by the core network from SMF via AMF to implement QoS processing of the service data flow between the service processing equipment and the service server. Specifically, after generating the QoS rule information for the L4S function, SMF can send it to AMF through the N11 interface, and then AMF forwards it to 5G-RG through W-AGF. Alternatively, after generating the QoS rule information for the L4S function, SMF can send it to UPF through the N4 interface, and then UPF forwards it to 5G-RG through W-AGF. Alternatively, if 5G-RG can access 5GC through 3GPPAccess, then after generating the QoS rule information for the L4S function, SMF can send it to AMF through the N11 interface, and then AMF forwards it to 5G-RG through RAN.

[0136] Optionally, after generating the QoS configuration information (QoS profile) for the L4S function, the SMF can send it to the AMF through the N11 interface, and then the AMF sends it to the W-AGF to implement QoS processing of the service data flow between the service processing device and the service server.

[0137] It should be noted that in the control plane protocol stack shown in Figure 7, the protocol stack between W-AGF and AMF includes NG Application Protocol (NG-AP), Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), Internet Protocol (IP), L2 layer protocol (mainly including data link layer protocol) and L1 layer protocol (mainly including physical layer protocol).

[0138] As shown in Figure 8, in the relevant user plane protocol stack of 5G-RG, the W-UP protocol terminates at 5G-RG, and 5G-RG implements the UE user plane function in L4S processing.

[0139] It should be noted that in the user plane protocol stack shown in Figure 8, the protocol stack between the W-AGF and UPF, and the protocol stack between the UPF and the PDU Session Anchor (PSA) UPF include the GPRS Tunnel Protocol User Plane (GTP-U), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) / IP, L2 layer protocol and L1 layer protocol.

[0140] In some optional embodiments, the method by which the W-AGF extracts congestion information is related to the W-CP and W-UP protocol implementations. For example, congestion information can be obtained by extracting the TC-Queue-Profile defined in the descriptor of an uplink service data packet or a downlink service data packet, or congestion information can be obtained by other means. Specifically, since the TC-Queue-Profile is a parameter set used to define and control network traffic, the parameter set may include queue priority, bandwidth allocation, delay, etc. Therefore, if the bandwidth utilization rate of a queue is continuously higher than that of other queues, this may indicate that the network path corresponding to the queue is congested; if the delay time of a queue increases or packet loss occurs, this may also indicate that the network path corresponding to the queue is congested.

[0141] In one embodiment of the present application, in addition to the 5G-RG, the FN-RG can also have similar functions. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the FN-RG can access the 5G core network through the W-5GAN, and the service processing device connected to the FN-RG can be a UE, PC, STB, etc.

[0142] In some optional embodiments, the following new functions may be introduced on the FN-RG, but are not limited to: supporting ECN marking for L4S; monitoring congestion from the XRM device to the FN-RG on the FN-RG, and reporting it to the W-AGF if it occurs.

[0143] Optionally, the ECN marking for L4S function supported by the FN-RG can be used to perform ECN marking on uplink service data packets sent by the XRM device, or to perform ECN marking on downlink service data packets sent by the XRM Server.

[0144] Optionally, when FN-RG reports congestion to W-AGF, it can be done in different ways, including but not limited to: through the LW-CP protocol defined in the traditional wired access protocol; through the user plane method through IP packets or other data packets for transmission between FN-RG and AGF, or directly marking the congestion bit in the IP packet. When FN-RG forwards the data packet to AGF, it directly indicates congestion through the congestion bit; when AGF forwards the data packet to 5GC, it can also directly indicate congestion through the congestion bit.

[0145] As shown in Figure 9, in the control plane protocol stack related to the FN-RG, the LW-CP protocol between the FN-RG and the W-AGF can be a DSL protocol, an Ethernet protocol, a fiber access protocol, etc. In the control plane protocol stack shown in Figure 9, the protocol stack between the W-AGF and the AMF includes the NAS layer protocol, the NG-AP protocol, the SCTP protocol, the IP protocol, the L2 layer protocol, and the L1 layer protocol.

[0146] 10 , in the relevant user plane protocol stack of the FN-RG, the LW-UP protocol is terminated at the FN-RG, and the FN-RG implements the UE user plane function in the L4S processing.

[0147] It should be noted that, in the user plane protocol stack shown in FIG10 , the protocol stack between the W-AGF and the UPF, and the protocol stack between the UPF and the PSAUPF include GTP-U, UDP / IP, L2 layer protocol and L1 layer protocol.

[0148] In summary, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can implement strategies for monitoring and reporting network congestion, interact with non-3GPP CP protocols and UP protocols, and support L4S functions on non-3GPP access networks. The L4S mechanism can then be extended to wired broadband scenarios, so that the L4S mechanism can achieve interoperability and integration of 3GPP and non-3GPP networks, which is conducive to supporting multi-RAT (i.e., 3GPP RAT and non-3GPP RAT) service processing equipment to switch according to the network environment and other factors (such as tariff factors), thereby improving the processing flexibility of service data flows and ensuring that immersive multimedia services (such as XRM services) are better popularized.

[0149] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, service data packets can be transmitted between the service processing device and the service server via PDUset or per-packet. The above embodiments are described using the wired access gateway device as a W-AGF as an example. In other embodiments of the present application, the wired access gateway device may also be other network elements or devices that implement similar functions. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are applicable not only to the 5G standard but also to other standards.

[0150] The following describes an apparatus embodiment of the present application, which can be used to execute the wired access-based congestion handling method in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiment of the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment of the wired access-based congestion handling method in the present application.

[0151] Figure 11 shows a block diagram of a wired access-based congestion handling device according to an embodiment of the present application. The congestion handling device can be applied to a residential gateway connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. For example, in 5G technology, the congestion handling device shown in Figure 11 can be applied to a 5G-RG. Of course, the congestion handling device shown in Figure 11 can also be applied to other devices capable of performing similar functions.

[0152] 11 , a wired access-based congestion handling device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an establishing unit 1102 , a monitoring unit 1104 , and a processing unit 1106 .

[0153] Among them, the establishment unit 1102 is configured to establish a PDU session with the core network network element through the wired access gateway device; the monitoring unit 1104 is configured to monitor the service data packets transmitted by the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; the processing unit 1106 is configured to perform congestion marking processing if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server.

[0154] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1106 is configured to execute at least one of the following methods: if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the uplink business data packets sent by the business processing device to the business server, the uplink business data packets are marked with an explicit congestion notification ECN; if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the downlink business data packets sent by the business server to the business processing device, the downlink business data packets are marked with an ECN.

[0155] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1106 is further configured to: if congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway, send congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device, wherein the congestion indication information is used to indicate congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

[0156] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the process of the processing unit 1106 sending congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device includes: sending congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device based on a wired access control plane protocol between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device; or

[0157] Congestion indication information is sent to the wired access gateway device through a user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1106 sends congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device, including: sending a data packet to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device to indicate that congestion has occurred in the service data packet transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway; or

[0159] A flag bit is added to the data packet sent to the wired access gateway device to indicate that congestion has occurred in the service data packet transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway, and the data packet with the flag bit added is sent to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

[0160] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server, the processing unit 1106 performs congestion marking processing, including: if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server, the processing unit 1106 performs congestion marking processing on the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server through L4S technology.

[0161] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the residential gateway includes at least one of a 5G residential gateway and a fixed network residential gateway.

[0162] FIG12 shows a block diagram of a wired access-based congestion handling device according to an embodiment of the present application. The congestion handling device can be applied to a wired access gateway device, which is connected to a residential gateway, which is connected to a service processing device. Of course, the congestion handling device shown in FIG12 can also be applied to other devices capable of performing similar functions.

[0163] 12 , a wired access-based congestion handling device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an establishing unit 1202 , a monitoring unit 1204 , and a processing unit 1206 .

[0164] Among them, the establishment unit 1202 is configured to establish a PDU session between the residential gateway and the core network element based on the PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway; the monitoring unit 1204 is configured to monitor the service data packets transmitted by the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; the processing unit 1206 is configured to perform congestion marking processing if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server.

[0165] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1206 is configured to execute at least one of the following methods: if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the uplink business data packets sent by the business processing device to the business server, the uplink business data packets are ECN marked; if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the downlink business data packets sent by the business server to the business processing device, the downlink business data packets are ECN marked.

[0166] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 is further configured to: obtain congestion information of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, and send the congestion information to a core network element.

[0167] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 obtains congestion information of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server by at least one of the following methods:

[0168] detecting congestion information of service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device;

[0169] generating the congestion information according to wired access parameters;

[0170] Congestion indication information reported by the residential gateway is received, where the congestion indication information is used to indicate congestion information of service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

[0171] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1206 detects congestion information of the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device, including: detecting the flow control queue profile defined by the descriptor field of the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device to detect the congestion information of the service data packets transferred via the wired access gateway device.

[0172] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the traffic control queue configuration file is used to define and control a parameter set of network traffic, wherein the parameter set includes at least one of bandwidth usage and delay of the queue to which the service data packet belongs;

[0173] The processing unit 1206 detects a flow control queue profile defined in a descriptor field of a service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device to detect congestion information of the service data packet transferred via the wired access gateway device, including at least one of the following:

[0174] If the bandwidth usage of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is higher than the bandwidth usage of other queues within a preset period, the processing unit 1206 determines that the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packet belongs is congested;

[0175] If the delay of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is greater than the preset delay, the processing unit 1206 determines that the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packet belongs is congested.

[0176] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the wired access parameters, including: the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the residential gateway layer wired access characteristics of the wired access gateway device.

[0177] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the residential gateway layer wired access characteristics are used to describe the wired link of the wired access gateway device, including at least one of the following: the transmission rate, jitter characteristics, and packet loss rate supported by the wired link;

[0178] The processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the residential gateway layer wired access characteristics of the wired access gateway device, including at least one of the following:

[0179] If the transmission rate of the wired link is lower than a preset rate, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information;

[0180] If the jitter of the wired link is greater than a preset duration, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information;

[0181] If the packet loss rate of the wired link is greater than a preset packet loss rate, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information.

[0182] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the wired access parameter, including: the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the number of buffers.

[0183] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the number of buffers, including: if the number of buffers is greater than a preset number, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information.

[0184] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned solution, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the wired access parameter, including: the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information according to the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs.

[0185] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1206 generates congestion information according to the length of the queue to which the business data packet belongs, including: if the length of the queue to which the business data packet belongs is greater than a preset length, the processing unit 1206 generates the congestion information.

[0186] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server, the processing unit 1206 performs congestion marking processing, including: if it is monitored that congestion occurs in the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server, the processing unit 1206 performs congestion marking processing on the business data packets transmitted between the business processing device and the business server through L4S technology.

[0187] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the processing unit 1206 is further configured to: obtain QoS configuration information for performing L4S technology on the service data packet; and perform QoS processing on the service data packet transmission process between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

[0188] FIG13 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system suitable for implementing an electronic device of an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may be a residential gateway or a wired access gateway device in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0189] It should be noted that the computer system 1300 of the electronic device shown in FIG13 is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.

[0190] As shown in Figure 13, the computer system 1300 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 1301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 1302 or the program loaded from the storage part 1308 into the random access memory (RAM) 1303, such as executing the method described in the above embodiment. Various programs and data required for system operation are also stored in the RAM 1303. The CPU 1301, ROM 1302 and RAM 1303 are connected to each other via a bus 1304. An input / output (I / O) interface 1305 is also connected to the bus 1304.

[0191] The following components can be connected to the I / O interface 1305: an input section 1306 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 1307 including devices such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), and speakers; a storage section 1308 including a hard disk; and a communication section 1309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card or a modem. The communication section 1309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 1310 is also connected to the I / O interface 1305 as needed. Removable media 1311, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, is installed in the drive 1310 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed in the storage section 1308 as needed.

[0192] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program is used to perform the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication section 1309, and / or installed from a removable medium 1311. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 1301, the various functions defined in the system of the present application are performed.

[0193] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present application may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the two. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a computer program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or device. In the present application, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable computer program. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer program embodied on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0194] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible implementation architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Among them, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or a part of the code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and a computer program.

[0195] The units involved in the embodiments described in this application may be implemented by software or hardware, and the units described may also be set in a processor. In some cases, the names of these units do not constitute limitations on the units themselves.

[0196] As another aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more computer programs, and when the one or more computer programs are executed by the electronic device, the electronic device implements the method described in the above embodiments.

[0197] It should be noted that, although several modules or units of the device for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiment of the application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be concretized in one module or unit. On the contrary, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided into multiple modules or units to be concretized.

[0198] Through the description of the above embodiments, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable an electronic device to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0199] For example, the electronic device may be a residential gateway, in which case the residential gateway may execute the wired access-based congestion handling method shown in FIG3 ; for another example, the electronic device may be a wired access gateway device, in which case the wired access gateway device may execute the wired access-based congestion handling method shown in FIG4 .

[0200] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed herein.

[0201] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A congestion handling method based on wired access, characterized in that The congestion handling method is executed by a residential gateway, which is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. The congestion handling method includes: Establishing a protocol data unit (PDU) session with a core network element through the wired access gateway device; Monitoring service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and a service server based on the PDU session; If congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed.

2. The congestion handling method according to claim 1, wherein If congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed, including at least one of the following methods: If congestion is detected in the uplink service data packets sent from the service processing device to the service server, explicit congestion notification (ECN) marking is performed on the uplink service data packets; If congestion is detected in the downlink service data packets sent from the service server to the service processing device, ECN marking is performed on the downlink service data packets.

3. The congestion handling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The congestion handling method further includes: If congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway, congestion indication information is sent to the wired access gateway device; Wherein, the congestion indication information is used to indicate the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

4. The congestion handling method according to claim 3, wherein Sending the congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device includes: Sending the congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device based on the wired access control plane protocol between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device; or Sending the congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

5. The congestion handling method according to claim 4, wherein Sending the congestion indication information to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device includes: Sending, through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device, a data packet for indicating that congestion has occurred in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway to the wired access gateway device; or Adding a flag bit for indicating that congestion has occurred in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway to the data packet sent to the wired access gateway device, and sending the data packet with the added flag bit to the wired access gateway device through the user plane transmission channel between the residential gateway and the wired access gateway device.

6. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that If congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed, including: If congestion is detected in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed on the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server by using low latency, low packet loss, and scalable throughput (L4S) technology.

7. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the residential gateway includes at least one of a 5G residential gateway and a fixed network residential gateway.

8. A congestion handling method based on wired access, characterized in that, The congestion handling method is executed by a wired access gateway device, the wired access gateway device is connected to the residential gateway, the residential gateway is connected to a service processing device, and the congestion handling method includes: Based on the PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway, establish a PDU session between the residential gateway and a core network element; Monitor the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and a service server based on the PDU session; If congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, perform congestion marking processing.

9. The congestion handling method according to claim 8, wherein If congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, perform congestion marking processing, including at least one of the following methods: If congestion occurs in the uplink service data packets sent by the service processing device to the service server, perform ECN marking on the uplink service data packets; If congestion occurs in the downlink service data packets sent by the service server to the service processing device, perform ECN marking on the downlink service data packets.

10. The congestion handling method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The congestion handling method further includes: Obtain the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, and send the congestion information to the core network element.

11. The congestion handling method according to claim 10, wherein Obtaining the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server includes at least one of the following methods: Detect the congestion information of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device; Generate the congestion information according to the wired access parameters; Receive the congestion indication information reported by the residential gateway, where the congestion indication information is used to indicate the congestion information of the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the residential gateway.

12. The congestion handling method according to claim 11, wherein Detecting the congestion information of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device includes: Detect the traffic control queue profile defined by the descriptor field of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device to detect the congestion information of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device.

13. The congestion handling method according to claim 12, wherein The traffic control queue profile is used to define and control a parameter set of network traffic, and the parameter set includes at least one of the bandwidth utilization rate and the delay of the queue to which the service data packets belong; Detecting the traffic control queue profile defined by the descriptor field of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device to detect the congestion information of the service data packets relayed by the wired access gateway device includes at least one of the following: If the bandwidth utilization rate of the queue to which the service data packets belong is higher than that of other queues within a preset time period, determine that there is congestion in the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packets belong; If the delay of the queue to which the service data packets belong is greater than the preset delay, determine that there is congestion in the network path corresponding to the queue to which the service data packets belong.

14. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, Generating the congestion information according to the wired access parameters includes: Generating the congestion information according to the wired access characteristics of the residential gateway layer of the wired access gateway device.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein The wired access characteristics of the residential gateway layer are used to describe the wired link of the wired access gateway device, including at least one of the following: the transmission rate supported by the wired link, jitter characteristics, packet loss rate; Generating the congestion information according to the wired access characteristics of the residential gateway layer of the wired access gateway device includes at least one of the following: If the transmission rate of the wired link is lower than the preset rate, generating the congestion information; If the jitter of the wired link is greater than the preset duration, generating the congestion information; If the packet loss rate of the wired link is greater than the preset packet loss rate, generating the congestion information.

16. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, Generating the congestion information according to the wired access parameters includes: Generating the congestion information according to the number of buffers.

17. The congestion handling method according to claim 16, wherein, Generating the congestion information according to the number of buffers includes: If the number of buffers is greater than the preset number, generating the congestion information.

18. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, Generating the congestion information according to the wired access parameters includes: Generating congestion information according to the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs.

19. The congestion handling method according to claim 18, wherein Generating congestion information according to the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs includes: If the length of the queue to which the service data packet belongs is greater than the preset length, generating the congestion information.

20. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that, If congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, congestion marking processing is performed, including: If congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server, the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server are subjected to congestion marking processing by L4S technology.

21. The congestion handling method according to any one of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that, The congestion handling method further includes: Obtaining QoS configuration information for performing L4S technology on the service data packet; Performing QoS processing on the transmission process of the service data packets between the service processing device and the service server according to the QoS configuration information.

22. A congestion handling device based on wired access, characterized in that, The congestion handling device is applied to a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected between a service processing device and a wired access gateway device. The congestion handling device includes: A establishing unit configured to establish a PDU session with a core network element through the wired access gateway device; A monitoring unit configured to monitor the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; A processing unit configured to perform congestion marking processing if congestion occurs in the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server.

23. A congestion handling device based on wired access, characterized in that, The congestion handling device is applied to a wired access gateway device, the wired access gateway device is connected to a residential gateway, and the residential gateway is connected to a service processing device. The congestion handling device includes: A establishing unit configured to establish a PDU session between the residential gateway and the core network element based on a PDU session establishment request sent by the residential gateway; A monitoring unit configured to monitor the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server based on the PDU session; The processing unit is configured to perform congestion marking processing if it is detected that the service data packets transmitted between the service processing device and the service server are congested.

24. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the congestion processing method based on wired access according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

25. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: One or more processors; A memory for storing one or more computer programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to implement the congestion processing method based on wired access according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

26. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

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