Endoscope and distal end thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an endoscope and a distal end thereof. The distal end comprises a distal end base housing and a forceps lifting base. The distal end base housing is provided with an accommodating cavity. The accommodating cavity is in communication with an instrument channel of the endoscope and forms an extension window through which a medical instrument extends. An abutting part is arranged on an edge of the extension window. The forceps lifting base is provided with a first guide surface extending from a distal end to a rotating shaft end. The first guide surface is configured for supporting the medical instrument and guiding the medical instrument to a preset path. The first guide surface is provided with an abutting position corresponding to the abutting part. When the forceps lifting base is lifted to a preset angle, the abutting position cooperates with the abutting part to clamp and fix the medical instrument supported by the first guide surface. A positioning groove is further arranged at the distal end of the forceps lifting base. At least part of the positioning groove is formed on the first guide surface. The positioning groove is configured for positioning the medical instrument located on the preset path. The abutting position is located outside the positioning groove. Based on the solution described above, the present disclosure can improve the convenience of instrument replacement.

Description

Endoscope and its tip Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of endoscopes, and in particular to an endoscope and a tip portion thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a non-invasive imaging method, endoscopic imaging can effectively extend human vision and is widely used in imaging diagnosis and image-guided treatment in many fields such as the digestive tract, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system, urinary system, and respiratory system, greatly promoting the accuracy of disease examination.

[0003] The part of an endoscope that enters the human body is an elongated insertion portion, typically equipped with an instrument channel. When using the endoscope for diagnosis or treatment, medical devices can be passed through the instrument channel to the distal end of the endoscope to assist in diagnosis or treatment. To ensure that the medical device reaches the appropriate position after extending through the instrument channel, a guidewire can be used to guide the medical device. The guidewire can be delivered to the desired location using a cannula. Specifically, a cannula can be passed through the instrument channel to a desired location within the human body. A guidewire is then inserted into the cannula channel, similarly reaching the desired location. The cannula can then be withdrawn, allowing other medical devices, such as a nipple cutter, to follow the guidewire to the desired location within the body. However, when withdrawing the cannula or pushing the nipple cutter, the guidewire can easily shift position due to friction between the cannula or the nipple cutter. Therefore, during the process of the doctor withdrawing the cannula and inserting the nipple cutter, a nurse is usually required to assist in holding the guide wire and cooperate with the doctor's operation to apply a force on the guide wire in the opposite direction of the friction force generated. At the same time, the nurse must prevent the guide wire from shaking left and right to try to maintain the insertion position of the guide wire unchanged. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, a head end portion of an endoscope is provided. The head end portion includes a head end base shell and a lifting clamp base. The head end seat shell is provided with a accommodating cavity, which is connected with the instrument channel of the endoscope and forms an extension window for extending the medical device, and an abutment portion is provided on the edge of the extension window; the lifting clamp seat is rotatably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and is used for adjusting the direction in which the medical device extends from the extension window, the lifting clamp seat includes a rotating shaft end and a distal end, and the lifting clamp seat is provided with a first guide surface extending from the distal end toward the rotating shaft end, the first guide surface is used for supporting the medical device and guiding the medical device to a preset extension path or a preset withdrawal path, and the first guide surface has an abutment position corresponding to the abutment portion, and when the lifting clamp seat is lifted to a preset angle, the abutment position cooperates with the abutment portion to clamp and fix the medical device supported by the first guide surface; the distal end of the lifting clamp seat is also provided with a positioning groove, and at least a part of the positioning groove is formed on the first guide surface, and the positioning groove is used for positioning the medical device located on the extension path or the withdrawal path, wherein the abutment position is located outside the positioning groove.

[0005] The head end portion provided by the present disclosure can form a clamp for the medical device together with the first guide surface, so that the medical device is mechanically locked, so that the position of the medical device will not change; the positioning groove can be used to position the medical device located on the extension path or the retraction path. When the medical device is located in the positioning groove, there can be a large friction between the medical device and the positioning groove, making it difficult for the medical device to shake left and right and / or move back and forth. Specifically, during the entire process of replacing the medical device along the guidewire, for example, during the process of retracting the cannula along the guidewire in the instrument channel and during the process of extending the nipple cutter along the guidewire in the instrument channel, the abutment portion can clamp the guidewire together with the first guide surface, so that the guidewire is mechanically locked and the position of the guidewire will not change; and during the process of the farthest end of the cannula being withdrawn from the positioning groove to the abutment position (i.e., the mechanical locking position of the guidewire) or the farthest end of the nipple cutter being extended from the abutment position (i.e., the mechanical locking position of the guidewire) to the positioning groove, although the cannula or the nipple cutter is arranged outside the guidewire so that the abutment portion cannot form a mechanical lock on the guidewire together with the first guide surface at this time, but because the exposed part of the guidewire relative to the cannula or the nipple cutter is located in the positioning groove, the positioning groove can form a radial constraint on the guidewire, so that the radial position of the guidewire will not be offset, and there is a large friction between the positioning groove and the guidewire, so that the axial position of the guidewire is not easy to be offset. That is, when the farthest end of a medical device guided by a guide wire, such as a cannula or a nipple cutter, moves between the positioning groove and the abutment position, the position of the guide wire can be kept constant by the friction between the positioning groove and the guide wire. When the farthest end of a medical device guided by a guide wire, such as a cannula or a nipple cutter, moves between the abutment position and the entrance of the instrument channel, in addition to keeping the position of the guide wire constant by the friction between the positioning groove and the guide wire, the abutment portion and the first guide surface can also clamp the guide wire together to achieve mechanical locking of the guide wire. It can be seen that the lifting clamp seat disclosed in the present invention has a mechanical locking state and a semi-locking state. When the medical device is replaced following the guidance of the guide wire, whether it is the process of replacing the medical device on the lifting clamp seat or the process of moving the medical device in the instrument channel, the position of the guide wire can be kept stable and constant, and it is simpler and more convenient for the operator to use such an endoscope. In addition, in the present disclosure, the abutment position for mechanically locking the medical device is on the first guide surface and outside the positioning groove. Therefore, the shape of the surface where the abutment position is located is relatively regular, which can make the guide wire more evenly stressed, reduce the impact of stress concentration, and not easily damage the medical device, thereby avoiding the need to replace the medical device due to damage to the medical device during use of the endoscope. The endoscope is more stable during use, which improves the operator's experience.

[0006] Exemplarily, a positioning groove outlet is provided on the distal end of the lifting forceps seat, and a positioning groove is formed by extending from the positioning groove outlet along a predetermined route toward the rotating shaft end; the medical device includes a first specification device, the diameter of the first specification device is less than or equal to a preset value, and at least half of the first specification device can be accommodated in the positioning groove outlet.

[0007] Exemplarily, when the medical device supported by the first guide surface is a first-specification device and the forceps lifting seat is lifted to a preset angle, at least half of the first-specification device is located in the positioning groove outlet.

[0008] Exemplarily, the cross section of the positioning groove outlet is V-shaped, and the cross section is perpendicular to the predetermined route.

[0009] Exemplarily, the opening size of the positioning groove perpendicular to the predetermined route gradually decreases from the distal end toward the rotating shaft end.

[0010] Exemplarily, the first guide surface extends along the longitudinal axis of the lifting clamp seat, and the predetermined route intersects with the longitudinal axis of the lifting clamp seat.

[0011] Exemplarily, there is a gap between the abutting position and the positioning groove.

[0012] Exemplarily, the predetermined route and the central axis of the first guide surface jointly define an inscribed circle passing through the positioning groove outlet and the abutment position, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is greater than the minimum bending diameter of the first specification instrument.

[0013] Exemplarily, the head end further includes an optical imaging assembly, the optical imaging assembly and the extension window are located on the same side of the head end base shell, and the predetermined route is inclined toward the center of the imaging area of ​​the optical imaging assembly.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an endoscope is provided, comprising any one of the tip portions described above.

[0015] This summary introduces a series of simplified concepts that will be further described in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to limit the key features and essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0016] The advantages and features of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The following drawings of the present disclosure are hereby incorporated into the present disclosure for understanding the present disclosure. The drawings show the embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions, and are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. In the drawings,

[0018] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an endoscope according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIG2 is a partial perspective view of a structure near the tip end of an endoscope according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIG3 is a partial perspective view of the lifting clamp seat and its surrounding structures in the endoscope shown in FIG2;

[0021] FIG4 is an exploded view of the lifting clamp seat and its surrounding structures shown in FIG3;

[0022] FIG5 is a partial perspective view of the structure of an endoscope near the tip end according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a medical device is supported on the forceps lifting seat, and the forceps lifting seat is in an initial state;

[0023] FIG6 is a partial perspective view of the structure of an endoscope near the tip end according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a medical device is supported on the lifting clamp seat, and the lifting clamp seat is in a semi-locked state;

[0024] FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure near the tip end portion of the endoscope shown in FIG6;

[0025] FIG8 is a partial perspective view of the structure of an endoscope near the tip end according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a medical device is supported on the lifting clamp seat, and the lifting clamp seat is in a mechanically locked state;

[0026] FIG9 is a cross-sectional view of the structure near the tip end portion of the endoscope shown in FIG8;

[0027] FIG10 is a perspective view of a forceps lifting seat according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from a perspective parallel to the extension window, wherein a medical device is supported on the forceps lifting seat and the forceps lifting seat is in a mechanically locked state;

[0028] FIG11 is a partial perspective view of the structure of an endoscope near the tip end according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a medical device is supported on the lifting clamp seat, and the lifting clamp seat is in a mechanically locked state; and

[0029] FIG12 is a partially enlarged view of the structure near the tip end of the endoscope shown in FIG11 .

[0030] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 10, insertion part; 100, head end part; 110, head end seat shell; 111, extension window; 112, abutment part; 1121, abutment surface; 113, instrument channel outlet; 120, lifting forceps seat; 121, rotating shaft end; 122, distal end; 123, first guide surface; 124, positioning groove; 1241, positioning groove outlet; 125, second guide surface; 126, rotating part; 127, abutment position; 130, optical imaging component; 131, lighting window; 132, camera; 140, wire rope; 150, pin; 160, rotating arm; 170, head end cap; 20, operating part; 30, universal cable; 40, light guide part; 50, first specification instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the following description, a large amount of detail is provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following description merely illustrates preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure may be implemented without one or more of these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion with the present disclosure, some technical features well known in the art are not described in detail.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a tip portion of an endoscope is provided. Therefore, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, an endoscope is provided, which may include any of the tip portions described below. The endoscope and its tip portion provided by the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] 1 , an endoscope may generally include an insertion portion 10 , an operation portion 20 , a universal cable 30 , and a light guide portion 40 , which are sequentially connected.

[0034] The insertion portion 10 may generally include an instrument channel, one end of which extends to the operating portion 20, and an instrument channel entrance is formed on the operating portion 20, and the other end extends to the head portion 100 of the insertion portion 10 described later, and an instrument channel exit 113 is formed at the head portion 100 (see Figure 7). In this way, a medical device can be inserted from the instrument channel entrance on the operating portion 20 side and then extended from the instrument channel exit 113 on the head portion 100 side. The operator can operate the medical device on the operating portion 20 side and use the end of the medical device extending from the head portion 100 for auxiliary diagnosis or treatment. The end of the medical device extending from the head portion 100 can be supported by the lifting clamp seat 120 described later. The medical device can be of various forms. For example, in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, the medical device can include but is not limited to a cannula, a guide wire, and a papillary cutter.

[0035] The insertion portion 10 may generally include a tip portion 100. The tip portion 100 may house components essential for endoscopic imaging. For example, as shown in FIG2 , the tip portion 100 may house an optical imaging assembly 130, which may include an illumination window 131 and a camera 132. Typically, the tip portion 100 is rigid.

[0036] The medical system may include a light source device and a host. The light guide portion 40 may be connected to the light source device and indirectly connected to the host through the light source device, or the light guide portion 40 may be directly connected to both the light source device and the host. The illumination light generated by the light source device may be transmitted through the light guide medium provided in the light guide portion 40, the universal cable 30, the operating portion 20 and the insertion portion 10, and then emitted to the illumination window 131 of the head portion 100 to illuminate the subject; the camera 132 of the head portion 100 collects the light returned from the subject, generates an optical image signal of the subject, and transmits it to the light guide portion 40, which further transmits it to the host for image processing, thereby obtaining an optical image of the subject.

[0037] It is worth noting that the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is introduced using an optical endoscope as an example. In other embodiments not shown, the endoscope provided in this application can also have various other applications. For example, the endoscope provided in this application can also be an ultrasonic endoscope. In this case, the endoscope can also include an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic connector, and the corresponding medical system can include an ultrasonic host.

[0038] The following describes the tip end of an embodiment of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For ease of description, the distal end referred to below refers to the end of the endoscope that is closer to the subject when the operator is using the endoscope; the proximal end referred to below refers to the end of the endoscope that is closer to the operator when the operator is using the endoscope.

[0039] 2 to 9 , the head end portion 100 may include a head end base housing 110, a clamp lifting base 120, and a head end cap 170. The head end base housing 110 may protect the internal structure of the head end portion 100, specifically referring to FIG6 , and the head end cap 170 may surround the head end base housing 110 to prevent the head end base housing 110 from causing damage to the cavity being inspected.

[0040] A accommodating cavity in communication with the aforementioned instrument channel outlet 113 may be formed in the head end seat shell 110, and an extension window 111 may be formed on at least one side of the accommodating cavity. The lifting forceps seat 120 may be rotatably disposed in the accommodating cavity, and the lifting forceps seat 120 may be in communication with the outside through the extension window 111. The lifting forceps seat 120 may generally rotate around its own rotating portion 126, so that the lifting forceps seat 120 may be used to adjust the direction in which the medical device extends from the extension window 111, and the rotating portion 126 may be disposed in the accommodating cavity. Specifically referring to Figures 3 and 4, the lifting forceps seat 120 may be connected to the rotating arm 160 via a pin 150, and the lifting forceps seat 120 may rotate around the rotating portion 126 under the drive of the rotating arm 160. The wire rope 140 may be passed through the insertion portion 10, so that the wire rope 140 may have an operating end located at the operating portion 20 and a connecting end located at the head end portion 100. The connecting end may be connected to the rotating arm 160. The operator can control the operating end at the operating portion 20 to drive the lifting forceps base 120 to rotate around the rotating portion 126. When a medical device is supported on the lifting forceps base 120, the angle at which the medical device extends from the head end 100 can be changed in this way to meet the needs of diagnosis or treatment in different situations.

[0041] The lifting forceps seat 120 may include a rotating shaft end 121 and a distal end 122. The distal end 122 of the lifting forceps seat 120 is close to the distal end of the head end 100, and the rotating shaft end 121 of the lifting forceps seat 120 is close to the proximal end of the head end 100. The rotating shaft end 121 of the lifting forceps seat 120 may be located near the rotating portion 126. The lifting forceps seat 120 may be provided with a first guide surface 123 extending from the distal end 122 toward the rotating shaft end 121. The first guide surface 123 may be used to support the medical device and guide the medical device to a preset extension path or a preset retraction path. The first guide surface 123 may be formed by a curved surface with an arc-shaped cross-section, or may be formed by a "V"-shaped groove formed by connecting two planes through an arc surface, or may be formed by any other structure with a guiding function. The preset extension path refers to the path that the medical device moves when it is extended through the first guide surface 123. The preset retraction path refers to the path that the medical device moves when the medical device is retracted. For different application scenarios, the preset extension path or the preset retraction path may be different. For example, for an endoscope for duodenal use, the preset extension path may be an arc with a certain curvature. The distal end 122 of the lifting forceps seat 120 may also be provided with a positioning groove 124. Similar to the first guide surface 123, the positioning groove 124 may adopt any suitable structure with a guiding function. The structure of the positioning groove 124 will be described in detail later in conjunction with specific embodiments. At least a portion of the positioning groove 124 may be formed on the first guide surface 123, so that the positioning groove 124 may also be located on the aforementioned extension path or retraction path. When the medical device is extended on the preset extension path under the guidance of the first guide surface 123, it may be moved from the first guide surface 123 to the positioning groove 124. The positioning groove 124 may be used to position the medical device located on the extension path or on the retraction path. Optionally, the positioning groove 124 may achieve positioning of the medical device by having a certain clamping force on the medical device. Alternatively, the medical device can be positioned by extending the positioning groove 124 along an arc. Such a positioning groove 124 can force the portion of the medical device located within the positioning groove 124 to deform. Since medical devices generally have a certain ability to maintain their original shape, this can increase the force acting on the contact surface between the medical device and the positioning groove 124. It is understood that when the positioning groove 124 positions the medical device, a greater force will be exerted on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device, thereby increasing the friction on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device. The retraction of the medical device along the preset retraction path is similar to the extension of the medical device along the preset extension path, and will not be further described here.

[0042] It is understood that the medical device may include a first-size device 50 with a smaller diameter and a second-size device with a larger diameter. For example, the first-size device 50 may be a guidewire, and the second-size device may be a cannula or a papillomatom. Because the first-size device has a smaller diameter, a larger portion can fit into the positioning groove 124. Therefore, the retaining force exerted by the positioning groove 124 on the first-size device is greater than the retaining force exerted by the positioning groove 124 on the second-size device. However, since the rigidity of the second-size device is generally greater than that of the first-size device, even if the retaining force exerted by the positioning groove 124 on the second-size device is smaller, the second-size device is less likely to become unstable when positioned in the positioning groove 124.

[0043] Further, referring to Figures 8 and 9, an abutment portion 112 may be provided on the edge of the window 111. The first guide surface 123 may have an abutment position 127 corresponding to the abutment portion 112. When the lifting forceps seat 120 is lifted to a preset angle, the abutment position 127 cooperates with the abutment portion 112 to clamp and fix the medical device supported by the first guide surface 123. Specifically referring to Figure 9, the abutment position 127 may be located outside the positioning groove 124, and, along the extension direction of the first guide surface 123, the abutment position 127 may be closer to the rotating shaft end 121 relative to the positioning groove 124. When no medical device is supported on the lifting forceps seat 120, the lifting forceps seat 120 is lifted, and the first guide surface 123 may abut against the abutment portion 112, or a gap may be left between the abutment portion 112, and the gap may be smaller than the diameter of a first specification device such as a guide wire. When a medical device is supported on the lifting clamp seat 120, the lifting clamp seat 120 is lifted, and the first guide surface 123 cooperates with the abutment portion 112 to clamp and fix the medical device, that is, the medical device is mechanically clamped between the abutment position 127 on the first guide surface 123 and the abutment portion 112.

[0044] Depending on the different angles at which the lifting forceps seat 120 is lifted, the lifting forceps seat 120 can be in different states. Referring to Figure 5, the lifting forceps seat 120 is in the initial state, and it can be considered that the lifting forceps seat 120 has not been lifted at this time. Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the lifting forceps seat 120 is in a semi-locked state, at which time the lifting forceps seat 120 is lifted to a certain angle but has not reached the preset angle, and the medical device is set between the positioning groove 124 and the abutment portion 112. At this time, since the lifting forceps seat 120 has been lifted to a certain angle, the medical device has undergone a certain degree of deformation, and the friction force on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device is greater than the friction force on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device when the lifting forceps seat 120 is in the initial state. It is understandable that when the lifting forceps seat 120 is in a semi-locked state, the medical device is not mechanically clamped by the first guide surface 123 and the abutment portion 112, but at this time the medical device can form contact with the abutment portion 112, and the medical device can also be partially deformed under the action of the abutment portion 112, but the force of the abutment portion 112 on the medical device has not yet reached the maximum value and is insufficient to lock the medical device. When the lifting forceps seat 120 is in a semi-locked state, the force that limits the movement of the medical device still mainly comes from the friction force on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the lifting forceps seat 120 is in a mechanically locked state (i.e., the lifting forceps seat 120 is lifted to a preset angle), and at this time the lifting forceps seat 120 is fully lifted. The medical device is supported on the lifting forceps seat 120, and the medical device is clamped between the abutment position 127 of the first guide surface 123 and the abutment portion 112. There is a gap S between the abutment position 127 on the first guide surface 123 and the positioning groove 124. When the lifting forceps seat 120 is in the mechanically locked state, the abutment portion 112 will lock the medical device together with the abutment position 127 of the first guide surface 123. At this time, the force restricting the movement of the medical device includes not only the friction force on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the medical device, but also the clamping force of the abutment portion 112 and the first guide surface 123 on the medical device. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the spacing S here can also be 0, that is, the abutment position 127 can contact the positioning groove 124, but the abutment position 127 is still located outside the positioning groove 124.

[0045] The endoscope provided in this application is described below by taking endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as an example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] First, pass the cannula through the instrument channel, and the lifting clamp seat 120 can form a support for the end of the cannula extending from the head end 100. By lifting the lifting clamp seat 120, the direction in which the cannula extends from the extension window 111 can be adjusted, so that the cannula can reach the appropriate position in the subject. Then a guide wire can be inserted into the channel of the cannula. The guide wire can follow the channel of the cannula to the appropriate position in the subject. The cannula can then be pulled out. When the farthest end of the cannula is withdrawn onto the lifting clamp seat 120, the guide wire originally located in the channel of the cannula will fall into the positioning groove 124. The positioning groove 124 can position the guide wire, that is, under the action of the friction force on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the guide wire, the position of the guide wire will not change. The farthest end of the cannula is further withdrawn into the instrument channel outlet 113, and the guide wire falls onto the first guide surface 123. At this time, lifting the lifting clamp seat 120 to a preset angle can make the abutment portion 112 cooperate with the first guide surface 123 to clamp the guide wire, so that the guide wire is in a mechanically locked state. Continue to withdraw the cannula. In the process of withdrawing the cannula from the positioning groove of the lifting clamp seat to the entrance of the instrument channel, although the friction between the cannula and the guide wire causes the guide wire to have a tendency to withdraw, under the positioning effect of the positioning groove 124 on the guide wire and / or the locking effect formed by the abutment portion 112 and the first guide surface 123 cooperating to clamp the guide wire, the guide wire can stably maintain its position unchanged. After the cannula is completely recovered, the nipple cutter can be pushed along the guide wire. When the farthest end of the nipple cutter reaches the instrument channel outlet 113 and is obviously obstructed, the lifting angle of the lifting clamp seat 120 can be reduced to make the lifting clamp seat 120 in a semi-locked state. At this time, the gap between the first guide surface 123 and the abutment portion 112 increases, which provides space for continuing to push the nipple cutter. When the lifting clamp 120 is in a semi-locked state and the portion of the guide wire exposed relative to the nipple cutter is located in the positioning groove 124, the positioning groove 124 still positions the guide wire and keeps the position of the guide wire unchanged. Finally, the nipple cutter is pushed forward so that the nipple cutter can follow the guide wire to the appropriate position in the patient's body for diagnosis or treatment.

[0047] It is understandable that the above content is only described using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as an example. Medical devices can be in various forms, and the use process of the head end of the endoscope provided by the present disclosure is not specifically limited here.

[0048] In the head portion provided in the present disclosure, the abutment portion 112 can clamp the medical device together with the first guide surface 123, so that the medical device is mechanically locked, so that the position of the medical device will not change. The positioning groove 124 can be used to position the medical device located on the extension path or on the retraction path. When the medical device is located in the positioning groove, there can be a large friction between the medical device and the positioning groove 124, making it difficult for the medical device to shake left and right and / or move forward and backward. Specifically, during the entire process of replacing the medical device along the guide wire, for example, during the process of retracting the cannula along the guide wire in the instrument channel and during the process of extending the nipple cutter along the guide wire in the instrument channel, the abutment portion 112 can clamp the guide wire together with the first guide surface 123, so that the guide wire is mechanically locked, and the position of the guide wire will not change. In the process of the farthest end of the cannula being withdrawn from the positioning groove 124 to the abutment position 127 (i.e., the mechanical locking position of the guide wire) or the farthest end of the nipple cutter being extended from the abutment position 127 (i.e., the mechanical locking position of the guide wire) to the positioning groove 124, although the cannula or the nipple cutter is arranged outside the guide wire so that the abutment portion 112 cannot form a mechanical lock on the guide wire together with the first guide surface 123 at this time, but because the exposed part of the guide wire relative to the cannula or the nipple cutter is located in the positioning groove 124, the positioning groove 124 can form a radial constraint on the guide wire, so that the radial position of the guide wire will not be offset, and there is a large friction between the positioning groove 124 and the guide wire, so that the axial position of the guide wire is not easy to be offset. That is, when the farthest end of a medical device guided by a guide wire, such as a cannula or a nipple cutter, moves between the positioning groove 124 and the abutment position 127, the position of the guide wire can be kept constant by the friction between the positioning groove 124 and the guide wire. When the farthest end of a medical device guided by a guide wire, such as a cannula or a nipple cutter, moves between the abutment position 127 and the entrance of the instrument channel, in addition to keeping the position of the guide wire constant by the friction between the positioning groove and the guide wire, the abutment portion 112 and the first guide surface 123 can clamp the guide wire together, so that the guide wire is mechanically locked. It can be seen that the lifting forceps seat 120 of the present invention has a mechanical locking state and a semi-locking state. When the medical device is replaced following the guidance of the guide wire, the position of the guide wire can be kept stable and unchanged, whether in the process of replacing the medical device on the lifting forceps seat 120 or in the process of moving the medical device in the instrument channel. It is simpler and more convenient for the operator to use such an endoscope. In addition, in the present disclosure, the abutment position 127 for mechanically locking the medical device is located on the first guide surface 123 and outside the positioning groove 124. Therefore, the shape of the surface where the abutment position 127 is located is relatively regular, which can make the guide wire more evenly stressed, reduce the impact of stress concentration, and less likely to damage the medical device. This avoids the need to replace the medical device due to damage during use of the endoscope, and the endoscope is more stable during use, improving the operator's experience.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figures 2 to 5, two second guide surfaces 125 may be further provided on the lifting forceps seat 120, and the first guide surface 123 may be formed between the two second guide surfaces 125. The two second guide surfaces 125 can be used to guide the medical device into the first guide surface 123. This makes it so that the medical device always tends to remain on the first guide surface 123 when it is retracted or extended. That is to say, if the medical device deviates from the first guide surface 123 when it is extended or retracted, after the external force is removed, the medical device will eventually be located on the first guide surface 123 under the guidance of the second guide surface 125, and will move on a predetermined extension path or a predetermined retraction path under the guidance of the first guide surface 123.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figures 5-9 , the abutting portion 112 may have an abutting surface 1121. The abutting surface 1121 may be an arcuate surface, and the abutting portion 112 may cooperate with the abutting position 127 to clamp and secure the medical device supported by the first guide surface 123. The abutting portion 112 abuts the medical device via the arcuate abutting surface 1121, further reducing the effects of stress concentration and ensuring that the medical device is not damaged when the abutting portion 112 abuts the medical device.

[0051] For example, when the forceps lifting seat 120 is lifted to the aforementioned preset angle, the projection of the abutment surface 1121 on the forceps lifting seat 120 can be covered by the first guide surface 123. For example, in an embodiment in which two second guide surfaces 125 are provided on the forceps lifting seat 120, when the forceps lifting seat 120 is lifted to the aforementioned preset angle, the abutment portion 112 abuts against the medical device, but the abutment portion 112 does not contact the second guide surfaces 125.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figures 2 to 5, a positioning groove outlet 1241 may be provided on the distal end 122 of the lifting forceps seat 120. A positioning groove 124 may be formed by extending from the positioning groove outlet 1241 along a predetermined route toward the rotating shaft end 121. The medical device may include a first specification instrument 50. The diameter of the first specification instrument 50 is less than or equal to a preset value, and at least half of the first specification instrument 50 can be accommodated in the positioning groove outlet 1241. The positioning groove outlet 1241 is the protruding opening of the medical device (especially the first specification instrument 50) on the lifting forceps seat 120. When at least half of the first specification instrument 50 can be accommodated in the positioning groove outlet 1241, the positioning groove outlet 1241 can provide radial constraints for the first specification instrument 50, thereby preventing the first specification instrument 50 from shaking in the radial direction, thereby improving the stability of the guide wire.

[0053] For example, when the lifting forceps seat 120 is raised to a preset angle, referring to Figures 9 to 12, the abutment position 127 cooperates with the abutment portion 112 to clamp and fix the first-specification instrument 50 supported by the first guide surface 123, and at least half of the first-specification instrument 50 can be located within the positioning groove outlet 1241. At this time, the lifting forceps seat 120 is in a mechanically locked state, and at this time, at least half of the first-specification instrument 50 is located within the positioning groove outlet 1241. In other words, at this time, there is a large friction force between the first-specification instrument 50 and the positioning groove 124, thereby reducing the force required to cooperate with the abutment portion 112 and the first guide surface 123 to clamp the first-specification instrument 50. Moreover, after the lifting angle of the lifting forceps seat 120 is reduced to form a space for the medical device to be replaced to pass through, the first-specification instrument 50, such as a guide wire, is always positioned within the positioning groove outlet 1241 and will not become unstable.

[0054] Exemplarily, the positioning groove outlet 1241 can be an opening of any suitable form. Exemplarily, referring specifically to FIG12 , in the cross section of the positioning groove outlet 1241 perpendicular to the aforementioned predetermined route, the positioning groove outlet 1241 can be a "V" shape as a whole. It is worth noting that the "V" shape mentioned here is only to describe the general shape of the cross section of the positioning groove outlet 1241, and does not strictly limit the cross section of the positioning groove outlet 1241 to be "V" shaped. For example, the cross section of the positioning groove outlet 1241 can be a "V" shape with curved sides, or a "V" shape with rounded bottom corners, or any combination of multiple forms. Such a positioning groove outlet 1241 can provide radial constraints to the medical device, for example, it can prevent the medical device from deviating in other directions perpendicular to the extension path, and can be adapted to medical devices of various sizes. For various first-specification instruments 50 with smaller cross-sectional diameters, based on their respective diameters, they can be accommodated at different positions of the positioning groove outlet 1241. For a second-specification instrument with a larger cross-sectional diameter, the V-shaped opening edge of the positioning groove outlet 1241 can provide support and a certain degree of radial constraint for the second-specification instrument.

[0055] For example, as shown in FIG4 , the first guide surface 123 can extend along the longitudinal axis LL of the jaw lifting base 120 , and the predetermined route can intersect the longitudinal axis LL of the jaw lifting base 120 . The predetermined route can be in various forms, such as an arc, a curve, or a polyline. The predetermined route can describe the extension trend of the positioning groove 124, but does not limit how the dimensions of the positioning groove 124 in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined route change along the predetermined route. The predetermined route can be inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis LL of the jaw lifting base 120 , so that the distance between the predetermined route and the longitudinal axis LL of the jaw lifting base 120 can gradually decrease and then gradually increase along the direction from the distal end 122 to the rotation axis end 121 . The predetermined route can intersect the longitudinal axis LL of the jaw lifting base 120 . Such a positioning groove 124 can force a medical device positioned therein to undergo a greater degree of deformation, thereby further increasing the friction on the contact surface between the medical device and the positioning groove 124 , thereby improving the positioning effect of the positioning groove 124 on the medical device. When at least a portion of the medical device is located in the positioning groove 124 , the medical device can maintain its position more stably.

[0056] As mentioned above, the head end 100 may include an optical imaging component 130. The optical imaging component 130 may have an imaging area, and the optical imaging component 130 may generate an optical image of the subject within the imaging area. Exemplarily, the optical imaging component 130 and the extension window 111 may be located on the same side of the head end 100. The predetermined route may be inclined toward the center of the imaging area of ​​the optical imaging component 130. After such a positioning groove 124 positions the medical device, the portion of the medical device extending from the distal end of the lifting clamp seat 120 may reach the imaging area of ​​the optical imaging component 130. In this way, the blind spot of the field of view when operating the medical device can be reduced. When the operator operates the medical device to control the portion of the medical device extending from the extension window 111 to assist in diagnosis or treatment, the operator can use the real-time imaging of the optical imaging component 130 to observe the position of the distal end of the medical device. This can improve the effect of diagnosis or treatment.

[0057] For example, the opening size of the positioning groove 124 perpendicular to the predetermined path can gradually decrease from the distal end 122 toward the rotating shaft end 121. On the plane where the first guide surface 123 lies, the positioning groove 124 is generally V-shaped. This positioning groove 124 facilitates smooth movement of medical devices between the first guide surface 123 and the positioning groove 124 and can accommodate medical devices of various sizes, thus broadening the applicability of the endoscope.

[0058] For example, referring to Figures 8 and 9, the first guide surface 123 can extend along the longitudinal axis LL of the lifting forceps base 120. A gap S can be formed between the abutment position 127 and the positioning slot 124. As shown in Figure 10, in an embodiment where the overall orientation of the positioning slot 124 is inclined relative to the overall orientation of the first guide surface 123, the medical device will bend when it is extended from the first guide surface 123 to the positioning slot 124. The greater the inclination of the overall orientation of the positioning slot 124 relative to the overall orientation of the first guide surface 123, the greater the deformation of the medical device. If the overall orientation of the positioning slot 124 is too inclined relative to the overall orientation of the first guide surface 123, the medical device may be disengaged from the positioning slot 124 due to the generated large reaction force. During the process of extending the medical device along the predetermined extension path under the guidance of the first guide surface 123, it can be considered that the medical device extends approximately along the longitudinal axis LL of the lifting forceps base 120. In this embodiment, the medical device passes through the abutment position 127 and then passes through a gap S that is not zero before reaching the positioning slot 124, which provides a certain amount of space for the medical device to adjust its direction. In other words, the portion of the medical device within the gap S can also deform to compensate for the deviation between the overall orientation of the positioning groove 124 and the overall orientation of the first guide surface 123, thereby preventing excessive local bending of the medical device. In this way, the medical device can be prevented from being disengaged from the positioning groove 124 due to excessive deformation when mechanically locked, thereby deviating from the preset extension path or retraction path. When such an endoscope is equipped with a medical device, it can be more convenient to extend the distal end of the medical device to the appropriate position, thereby improving the effectiveness of the endoscope in participating in diagnosis or treatment.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to FIG10 , the extension path may include a first extension path (illustrated path AA) and a second extension path (illustrated path BB). The first extension path AA generally corresponds to the path of the first specification instrument 50 on the first guide surface 123. The second extension path BB generally corresponds to the path of the first specification instrument 50 outside the distal end of the lifting clamp seat 120. Similarly, the retraction path may include a first retraction path and a second retraction path. The first guide surface 123 can be used to guide the first specification instrument 50 to the first extension path AA or the first retraction path. The positioning groove 124 can be used to guide the first specification instrument 50 located on the first extension path AA to the second extension path BB or to guide the first specification instrument 50 located on the second retraction path to the first retraction path. The positioning groove 124 can not only play a positioning role for the first specification instrument 50, but also play a guiding role for the first specification instrument 50. Taking the extension path as an example, when a first-size instrument 50 travels along the first extension path AA toward the distal end of the forceps lifting base 120 and just contacts the positioning slot 124, the distal end of the first-size instrument 50 changes direction primarily under the influence of the right side wall of the positioning slot 124. The left side wall of the positioning slot 124 can maintain the position of the first-size instrument 50 in the left-right direction. Especially for first-size instruments 50 with a smaller diameter, at the positioning slot outlet 1241 of the positioning slot 124, the first-size instrument 50 may only contact and abut the right side wall of the positioning slot 124. As a result, the predetermined path extended by the positioning slot 124 (illustrated line CC) may not be completely collinear with the second extension path BB. For medical devices that can simultaneously contact and abut both the left and right side walls of the positioning slot 124 at the positioning slot outlet 1241, the predetermined path CC extended by the positioning slot 124 may be substantially collinear with the second extension path BB. By designing the positioning groove 124 into a suitable form, the positioning groove 124 can not only force the first-specification instrument 50 located therein to deform and increase the friction on the contact surface between the positioning groove 124 and the first-specification instrument 50, but also enable the first-specification instrument 50 to extend from the distal end of the lifting forceps seat 120 in an appropriate direction (for example, along the direction indicated by the path BB) after the deformation. When such a head end is equipped with the first-specification instrument 50, the position of the first-specification instrument 50 in the subject can be more accurate. The retraction path is similar to the extension path and will not be described in detail here. For example, referring to Figure 10, the aforementioned predetermined route CC and the central axis of the first guide surface 123 (i.e., the first extension path AA or the first retraction path) jointly define an inscribed circle passing through the positioning groove outlet 1241 and the abutment position 127 (the illustrated arc DD is a portion of the inscribed circle). The diameter of the inscribed circle is greater than the minimum bending diameter of the first-specification instrument 50. The minimum bending diameter of the first specification instrument 50 refers to the minimum diameter that the first specification instrument 50 can enclose within the elastic bending range.If a first-size instrument 50 bends below its minimum bending diameter, it will bend irreversibly. When a first-size instrument 50 is mounted on the tip, the deformation of the first-size instrument 50, positioned in the positioning slot 124, will be elastic. This prevents the first-size instrument 50 from becoming unstable or bending irreversibly, thereby preventing the need to replace the first-size instrument 50 due to damage during endoscope use. It also prevents the first-size instrument 50 from falling out of the positioning slot 124 due to excessive deformation. This improves the user experience.

[0060] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the directional words "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0061] For ease of description, area-relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the regional positional relationship between one or more components or features shown in the figures and other components or features. It should be understood that area-relative terms include not only the orientation of the components as described in the figures, but also different orientations in use or operation. For example, if the components in the drawings are inverted as a whole, the situation where the components are "above other components or features" or "above other components or features" will include the situation where the components are "below other components or structures" or "below other components or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both the orientations "above" and "below". In addition, these components or features may also be positioned at other different angles (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), and this document is intended to include all of these situations.

[0062] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, parts, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0064] The present disclosure has been described through the above-described embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the described embodiments. In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present disclosure, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present disclosure. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tip portion of an endoscope, characterized in that: include: a head end base housing, wherein the head end base housing is provided with a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity is communicated with the instrument channel of the endoscope and is formed with an extension window for extending the medical instrument, and an abutment portion is provided on the edge of the extension window; and The lifting clamp seat is rotatably arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used to adjust the direction in which the medical device extends from the extension window. The lifting clamp seat includes a rotating shaft end and a distal end. The lifting forceps seat is provided with a first guide surface extending from the distal end toward the rotating shaft end, the first guide surface is used to support the medical device and guide the medical device to a preset extension path or a preset retraction path, the first guide surface has an abutment position corresponding to the abutment portion, when the lifting forceps seat is lifted to a preset angle, the abutment position cooperates with the abutment portion to clamp and fix the medical device supported by the first guide surface; The distal end of the lifting clamp seat is further provided with a positioning groove, at least part of which is formed on the first guide surface, and the positioning groove is used to position the medical device located on the extension path or the retraction path. Wherein, the abutting position is located outside the positioning groove.

2. The head portion according to claim 1, wherein: The distal end of the lifting forceps seat is provided with a positioning groove outlet, and the positioning groove is formed by extending from the positioning groove outlet along a predetermined route toward the rotating shaft end; the medical device includes a first specification device, the diameter of the first specification device is less than or equal to a preset value, and at least half of the first specification device can be accommodated in the positioning groove outlet.

3. The head portion according to claim 2, wherein: When the medical device supported by the first guide surface is a device of the first specification and the forceps lifting seat is lifted to the preset angle, at least half of the device of the first specification is located in the outlet of the positioning groove.

4. The head portion according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the positioning groove outlet is V-shaped, and the cross section is perpendicular to the predetermined route.

5. The head end portion according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The opening size of the positioning groove perpendicular to the predetermined route gradually decreases from the distal end toward the rotating shaft end.

6. The head portion according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The first guide surface extends along the longitudinal axis of the lifting clamp seat, and the predetermined route intersects with the longitudinal axis of the lifting clamp seat.

7. The head portion according to claim 6, wherein: There is a gap between the abutting position and the positioning groove, and the gap is not zero.

8. The head portion according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The predetermined route and the central axis of the first guide surface jointly define an inscribed circle passing through the positioning groove outlet and the abutment position, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is greater than the minimum bending diameter of the first specification instrument.

9. The head portion according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes an optical imaging component, wherein the optical imaging component and the extension window are located on the same side of the head end base shell, and the predetermined route is inclined toward the center of the imaging area of the optical imaging component.

10. An endoscope, characterized in that: The invention comprises the head end portion according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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