Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method performed by user equipment (UE), according to at least one of embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure, comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station, information about at least one entry threshold for monitoring a low power-wake up signal (LP-WUS) including a payload and a sequence; and activating monitoring of the LP-WUS on the basis of a measurement of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold, wherein the monitoring of the LP-WUS includes at least one of energy detection related to the payload or sequence detection related to the sequence.

Description

Method and device for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving an uplink / downlink wireless signal in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The 5G mobile communications system, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new, clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to intermediate-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. 6G mobile communications systems are being developed based on the underlying technologies of 5G mobile communications.

[0003] The 6G (wireless) system aims to provide (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity.

[0004] The technical task to be achieved in the present disclosure is to provide a method for efficiently performing a wireless signal transmission and reception process and a device therefor. As an example, the present disclosure may provide a method for activating the reception of an LP-WUS consisting of a payload and a sequence and a device therefor.

[0005] The technical tasks to be achieved are not limited to the technical tasks mentioned above, and other technical tasks not mentioned can be inferred from the description below.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a UE (User Equipment) comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station, information regarding at least one entry threshold for monitoring a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) comprising a payload and a sequence; and activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on a measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold, wherein the monitoring of the LP-WUS comprises at least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a UE (User Equipment) comprises at least one processor; and at least one computer memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the reader to perform operations, the operations comprising: receiving information about at least one entry threshold for monitoring an LP-WUS (Low Power-Wake Up Signal) composed of a payload and a sequence from a base station; and activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on a measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold, wherein the monitoring of the LP-WUS includes at least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence.

[0008] Preferably, the step of performing the monitoring of the LP-WUS includes: activating the monitoring of the LP-WUS by energy detection based on the measurement value being equal to or greater than a first entry threshold value among the at least one entry threshold value; and activating the monitoring of the LP-WUS by sequence detection based on the measurement value being less than the first entry threshold value and equal to or greater than a second entry threshold value among the at least one entry threshold value. More preferably, the step of activating SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) monitoring may further include: activating the monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value being less than the second entry threshold value and equal to or greater than a third entry threshold value among the at least one entry threshold value.

[0009] Preferably, the step of performing monitoring of the LP-WUS includes the step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by a Low Power-Wake Up Receiver (LP-WUR) based on the measurement value being greater than or equal to the at least one entry threshold value; and the step of activating a Main Radio (MR) based on the measurement value being less than the at least one entry threshold value.

[0010] Preferably, the UE can transmit an LP-WUS request message to the base station, wherein the LP-WUS request message includes information regarding the sequence.

[0011] Preferably, the payload consists of at least one OOK (On Off Keying) symbol, and the sequence is overlaid on the at least one OOK symbol.

[0012] Preferably, if monitoring of LP-WUS is activated, the UE deactivates monitoring of the activated LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and at least one termination threshold.

[0013] The above problem solving methods are only some of the examples of this specification, and various examples reflecting the technical features of this specification can be derived and understood by a person having ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field based on the detailed description below.

[0014] According to one embodiment, wireless signal transmission and reception processes can be efficiently performed. For example, the monitoring and reception operations of an LP-WUS comprising a payload and sequence can be efficiently activated.

[0015] Other effects not mentioned can be inferred from the description below.

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description to aid in understanding implementations of this specification, provide examples of implementations of this specification and, together with the detailed description, illustrate implementations of this specification.

[0017] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of this specification may be applied.

[0018] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 4 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (e.g., a base station) applicable to the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture for an AI / ML model.

[0022] Figure 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., terminal) and a second node (e.g., base station) to which an AI / ML model is applied.

[0023] FIG. 7 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a procedure for transmitting system information for THz communication to which the present disclosure applies.

[0025] Figure 9 illustrates a beam management procedure applicable to the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 13 illustrates time / frequency resources for sensing operations according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0030] FIG. 14 illustrates a procedure related to a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0031] FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a terminal to activate monitoring of LP-WUS according to the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an operation performed by a base station to activate LP-WUS monitoring according to the present disclosure.

[0033] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0034] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0035] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0036] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0037] Additionally, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (ABC)" is indicated, "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information." For example, "control information" may include DEF as another example. In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "ABC," and "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., ABC)," "ABC" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0038] Additionally, in this specification, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component and are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance between the components unless specifically limited. Accordingly, a first component in one embodiment of this specification may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0039] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0040] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0041] In this specification, a terminal is a user equipment (UE) or a consumer-side device, and may also be referred to as a base station / second node / IAB node / first node that receives / transmits signals from / to a Transmission-Reception Point (TRP). A terminal may correspond to a physical node or a logical node. A terminal may correspond to an endpoint on the user side, or may correspond to an intermediate point between other endpoints. In communication between two points that are not limited to endpoints (including one-to-one / many-to-one / one-to-many / many-to-many communication), a terminal may correspond to a served node. A terminal may be a node with a fixed location, or a node with an unfixed location (or mobile).

[0042] In this specification, a base station (BS) is a device on the network side, and may also be called a second node / IAB node / x-NodeB (x-NodeB, x may be an abbreviation related to radio access technology (RAT)) / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP). A BS may correspond to a physical node or a logical node. A BS may correspond to an endpoint on the network side, or may correspond to an intermediate point between other endpoints. In communication between two points that are not limited to endpoints (including one-to-one / many-to-one / one-to-many / many-to-many communication), a BS may correspond to a serving node. A BS may be a node with a fixed location, or a node with an unfixed location.

[0043] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, the base station may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the terminal may transmit parameters such as capabilities to the base station as higher layer parameters. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0044] In this specification, the information / state / parameter being “configured or pre-configured” can be interpreted as the information / state / parameter being provided / pre-provided to the terminal through pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from the base station. In this specification, the information / state / parameter being “defined or pre-defined” can be interpreted as the information / state / parameter being known in advance or pre-stored at the base station and the terminal without signaling between the base station and the terminal.

[0045] The technology described in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0046] The technology described in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0047] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of this specification may be applied.

[0048] To compensate for incomplete network coverage areas, a network topology that allows for more flexible and resilient split radio access networks (RANs) may be considered. For this purpose, various nodes, such as IAB nodes, relays, and RF repeaters, as illustrated in the example in Figure 1, may be applied, or NTNs may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, or in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that simply performs the function of signal amplification and forwarding, while a network-controlled repeater may not only amplify and forward signals but also adjust transmission and reception settings based on information provided by the network. For example, an NTN node may correspond to a satellite or aircraft that provides NTN coverage that is difficult for terrestrial networks to provide. In addition to these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into a centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). The CU and DU can correspond to logical units. The CU can be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DUs, various intermediate points can be introduced to compensate for this.

[0050] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station, depending on its relationship to other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a unit (DU). The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The unit (DU) of an IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to the terminal. In other words, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relationship to a user-side node, and to a terminal in its relationship to a network-side node.

[0051] In some examples of this specification, the description of a terminal can be equally applied not only to a user-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in a relative relationship with a network-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of this specification, the description of a base station can be equally applied not only to a network-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in a relative relationship with a user-side endpoint. However, in most cases where there is no additional description of the operations of three or more entities, the communicating entities in this specification are briefly described as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes), and the terms terminal and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes) are interpreted to include / replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0052] That is, in some examples of this specification, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the subjects of the operation may be referred to as a base station and / or a terminal (or a first node and / or a second node). In addition, the terms base station and / or terminal (or a first node and / or a second node) may also be interpreted / replaced as in the following examples: For example, the base station (or a first node) and the terminal (or a second node) may respectively correspond to the first endpoint and the second endpoint; may respectively correspond to the endpoint and the intermediate point; may respectively correspond to the intermediate point and the endpoint; or may respectively correspond to the first intermediate point and the second intermediate point.

[0053] In this specification, there may be zero or more intermediate points between the base station and the terminal. If intermediate points exist, they may be IAB nodes, relays, RF repeaters, NTN (non-terrestrial network) nodes, or nodes supporting other functions. An intermediate point may be a node with a fixed location or a node with an unfixed location.

[0054] Figure 2 illustrates a communication system applicable to the present disclosure.

[0055] The communication system (100) of FIG. 2 includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G), and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may act as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0056] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) via a network device (120). AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) via a network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR), or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) can communicate with each other via the network device (120) / network (130), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Additionally, IoT devices (110f) (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (110a to 110f).

[0057] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120), network devices (120) / network devices (120). Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), the wireless device and the network device / wireless device, and the network device and the network device can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc. may be performed.

[0058] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0060] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0061] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., a functional layer such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and / or at least one Service Data Unit (SDU) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) can generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, an SDU, a message, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this document, and provide the signal to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) can receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0062] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The at least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the at least one processor (202), or may be stored in at least one memory (204) and executed by the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0063] At least one memory (204) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. The at least one memory (204) can be configured as a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, a computer readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. The at least one memory (204) can be located internally and / or externally to the at least one processor (202). In addition, the at least one memory (204) can be connected to the at least one processor (202) via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0064] At least one transceiver (206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Furthermore, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. In addition, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document through at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using at least one processor (202). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using at least one processor (202).For this purpose, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0065] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by different terms in terms of functionality. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as a control unit, the transceiver (206) as a communication unit, and the memory (204) as a storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a portion of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0066] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least a portion of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 can be at least a portion of various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR device (110c), a portable device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT device (110f), an AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3, the device may further include other components.

[0067] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting image information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user.

[0068] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a driving unit including at least one of an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, and a steering unit of the device, a power supply unit including a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. that supplies power, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting, and a position measurement unit that obtains location information of the mobile device through a global positioning system (GPS) and various sensors.

[0069] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that obtains control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs the generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0070] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. types depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a driving unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving the robot joints.

[0071] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a laptop, a digital broadcasting terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that trains a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data.

[0072] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as a part of a terminal (or first node), or as a part of an intermediate point, or as a part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communications. However, if the front haul and / or back haul communications are based on wireless communications, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 may be used for front haul and / or back haul communications, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0073] FIG. 4 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (e.g., a base station) applicable to the present disclosure.

[0074] The second node of FIG. 4 supports dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), which can provide connectivity to both nodes implementing 6G technology and nodes implementing pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). That is, the first node of FIG. 4 can implement either 6G technology or pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). Furthermore, the first node and / or the second node can support full duplex mode as well as non-overlapping full duplex mode.

[0075] In Fig. 4, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the first node and the second node are assumed to be a terminal and a base station, respectively, and operations of the terminal (110) and the base station (120) transmitting and / or receiving data and operations performed prior thereto are illustrated. However, the operations of Fig. 4 are not limited to operations between the terminal and the base station, and may be interpreted as operations between the first node and the second node. In addition, although Fig. 4 illustrates direct wireless signal transmission and reception operations between the terminal (110) and the base station (120), one or more intermediate points may exist between the terminal (110) and the base station (120), and wireless signals may be transmitted and received via one or more intermediate points.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 4, in step 101, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) perform synchronization. For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect a synchronization signal for connection to at least one base station transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to structure or purpose (e.g., a first synchronization signal (e.g., a primary synchronization signal), a second synchronization signal (e.g., a secondary synchronization signal), etc.). Through this, the terminal (110) can confirm the boundary of a unit (e.g., a frame, a subframe, a slot, and / or a symbol) constituting a wireless signal transmission of the base station (120) and obtain information (e.g., a cell identifier) ​​about the base station (120).

[0077] In step 103, the terminal (110) obtains system information transmitted from the base station (120). The system information is information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and may be classified according to the content (e.g., whether it is essential for access), transmission structure (e.g., channel used, whether provided on-demand), etc., and may be classified into, for example, first system information (e.g., master information block (MIB), primary system information), second system information (e.g., system information block (SIB), secondary system information), etc. If necessary, the terminal (110) may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. However, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after the random access procedure described below.

[0078] In step 105, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) perform a random access procedure. The terminal (110) may transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a channel for the random access procedure of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., a channel position, a channel structure, a structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) may transmit a first message (e.g., a preamble, MSG1) through the channel for the random access procedure, receive a second message (e.g., an RAR message, MSG2), transmit a third message (e.g., MSG3) including information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the second message, and receive a fourth message (e.g., MSG4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, the first and third messages may be sent and received as one message, or the second and fourth messages may be sent and received as one message.

[0079] In step 107, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) perform signaling of control information. Here, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0080] In step 109, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) transmit and / or receive data. In other words, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process, transmit, and / or receive data based on the signaling of the control information. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. Conversely, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0081]

[0082] Below, the core technologies of the 6G system are explained.

[0083] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, FSO backhaul network, massive MIMO technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0084]

[0085] Artificial intelligence

[0086] Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0087] The following describes a functional framework for AI / ML operations.

[0088] Below, to explain AI (or AI / ML) more specifically, the terms can be defined as follows.

[0089] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0090] - AI Model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0091] - AI / ML Training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent the data and obtain a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0092] - AI / ML Inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and the AI ​​model using a trained AI model.

[0093] Life Cycle Management (LCM) procedures for AI / ML models (i.e., model training, model deployment, model inference, model monitoring, model updates, etc.) can be divided into functionality-based LCM and model-based LCM. In functionality-based LCM, AI / ML models may not be identified by the network, and the network can direct the activation / deactivation / fallback / switching of AI / ML functionality. In model-ID (identifier)-based LCM, AI / ML models can be identified by the network, and the network / terminal can activate / deactivate / select / switch AI / ML models based on the model ID.

[0094] Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture for an AI / ML model.

[0095] In particular, Figure 5 illustrates a general functional architecture relevant to both Functionality-based LCM and Model-based LCM. Some of the functions or some of the data / information / command flows (i.e., arrows) illustrated in Figure 5 may be omitted.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 5, a general functional framework can be configured to include a data collection function (10), a model training function (20), a management function (30), an inference function (40), and a model storage function (50).

[0097] The Data Collection function (10) is a function that provides input data to the Model Training function (20), Management function (30), and Inference function (40). The Data Collection function (10) can perform data preparation based on raw data and provide input data processed through data preparation. Examples of raw data may include received data / measurement data from terminals or other network entities, inference / output of AI / ML models, etc. The Data Collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, network node, etc.) or may be performed by multiple entities.

[0098] Here, training data (11) refers to data required as input for the AI / ML Model Training function (20). Monitoring data (12) refers to data required as input for the Management (30) of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference data (13) refers to data required as input for the AI / ML Inference function (30).

[0099] The Model Training function (20) is a function that performs AI / ML model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics that can be used as part of the AI / ML model testing procedure. The Model Training function (20) can perform data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, forming, and transformation) based on the Training Data (11) transferred from the Data Collection function (10), if necessary.

[0100] Trained / Updated Model (21): If there is a Model Storage function (50), it is used to pass a trained, validated and tested AI / ML model to the Model Storage function (50) or to pass an updated version of the model to the Model Storage function (50).

[0101] The Management function (30) is a function that supervises the operation of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. In addition, the Management function (30) may perform decisions to ensure appropriate inference operations based on data received from the Data Collection function (10) (i.e., Monitoring Data (12)) and / or data received from the Inference function (40) (i.e., Inference Output (41)).

[0102] Management Instruction (32) is information required as input to manage the Inference function (40). The relevant information may include selection / (de)activation / switching of an AI / ML model or AI / ML-based function, and may also include fallback to non-AI / ML operations (i.e., not relying on the inference process).

[0103] A Model Transfer / Delivery Request (33) can be used to request model(s) from Model Storage (50).

[0104] A Performance Feedback / Retraining Request (31) refers to information required as input to the Model Training function (20) (e.g., for the purpose of (re)training or updating the model).

[0105] The Inference function (40) is a function that provides output from the process of applying an AI / ML model or AI / ML function using data (i.e., Inference Data (13)) provided by Data Collection (10) as input. Data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation) may also be performed based on the Inference Data (13) delivered by Data Collection (10). If necessary, the Inference function (40) may also perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, forming, and transformation) based on the Inference Data (13) provided by Data Collection function (10).

[0106] Inference Output (41) is data used in the Management function (30) to monitor the performance of an AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference Output (41) may include the inference output of the AI / ML model generated by the Inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0107] The Model Storage function (50) stores a learned / updated model that can be used to perform the Inference function (40). The Model Storage function (50) illustrated in FIG. 5 can be used as a reference point (if any) when applicable to protocol termination, model transmission / delivery, and related processes. Furthermore, the Model Storage function (50) is merely an example and is not intended to limit the storage location of actual AI / ML models, and may be omitted.

[0108] Model Transfer / Delivery (51) is used to transfer AI / ML models to inference functions.

[0109] The level of cooperation can be defined as follows depending on the capability of AI / ML functions between multiple nodes, and variations due to combination of multiple levels or separation of any one level are also possible.

[0110] Cat 0a) No collaboration framework: AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and do not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0111] Cat 0b) This level corresponds to a framework with a modified wireless interface tailored to efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0112] Category 1) involves inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, this applies when a specific node receives support from another node (for training, adaptation, etc.) and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0113] Category 2) Joint AI / ML tasks can be performed across multiple nodes. This level requires the exchange of AI / ML model commands or network nodes.

[0114] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an overall functional framework for an AI / ML model, and not all functions and / or all data / information / command signals illustrated in FIG. 5 may be performed within a specific node, but only some of them may be performed.

[0115] AI / ML models can be divided into one-side models and two-side models depending on whether training and / or inference are performed on a single node or jointly / sequentially on multiple nodes.

[0116] A one-side model can refer to an AI / ML model in which inference is performed entirely by a single node (e.g., a terminal or network). Here, AI / ML model training can also be performed entirely by a single node. AI / ML model training and inference can be performed by the same node, or they can be performed by separate nodes.

[0117] A two-side model can refer to an AI / ML model in which joint inference is performed across multiple nodes (e.g., terminals and networks). Joint inference refers to inference being performed jointly across multiple nodes. For example, the first part of the inference may be performed by a first node, and the remaining part by a second node. Two-side models can be categorized into several types depending on the training method of the AI / ML model, as follows:

[0118] - First type: AI / ML models can be trained on a single node. In this case, joint training can be performed. The trained model can then be distributed to other nodes / objects.

[0119] - Second type: Joint training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes / entities (e.g., networks and terminals). Joint training can mean that model generation (e.g., CSI generation part) and model reconstruction (CSI compression by sub-use case) are trained in the same loop for forward activation and backward gradient. In this type, joint training can include both simultaneous training (i.e., model generation training and model reconstruction training are performed simultaneously) and sequential training (i.e., model reconstruction training is performed after model generation training).

[0120] - Third type: Separate training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes (e.g., networks and terminals). Separate training may mean that training begins sequentially on one node and continues on other nodes. In this case, the first node first performs the AI / ML model and shares the training data with the second node. The second node can then use the shared training data to perform the AI / ML model. For example, training for the CSI generation part may be performed by the terminal, while CSI reconstruction may be performed by the network.

[0121] Figure 6 illustrates a communication procedure between a first node (e.g., terminal) and a second node (e.g., base station) to which an AI / ML model is applied.

[0122] The operations described in the present invention described below can be described / interpreted based on the AI / ML model as shown in Fig. 6 below, even without separate mention (i.e., without explicit mention of being by / based on / for the AI / ML model). In addition, unless specifically limited in the description of the present invention, the AI / ML model can correspond to a one-side model in which inference is entirely performed by a single node, or a two-side model in which joint inference is performed by multiple nodes.

[0123] Step 1: In the description of the present invention described below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or a set of signaling between a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as the signaling or set of signaling of the first step used to perform an operation based on an AI / ML model, even if there is no separate mention. For example, it can correspond to training data for training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) the AI / ML model of FIG. 5, or correspond to inference data used for inference of the AI / ML model, or correspond to feedback for the AI / ML model, etc. If signaling between nodes is not required prior to an operation based on an AI / ML model in the present invention, Step 1 can be omitted. If a one-side model is used in the present invention, the unidirectional / bidirectional signaling (set) in the present invention can correspond to the signaling of the first step. In addition, when a two-side model is used in the present invention, unidirectional / bidirectional signaling in the present invention may correspond to one stage of signaling, and also repetitive signaling operations may correspond to one stage of signaling.

[0124] For example, in AI / ML model-based beam management (BM), if a base station predicts (i.e., infers) beam(s) with good quality based on an AI / ML model, the base station can receive quality / intensity information for multiple beams from a terminal. Furthermore, if a terminal predicts (i.e., infers) beam(s) with good quality based on an AI / ML model, the terminal can receive multiple beams from the base station.

[0125] Step 2: In the description of the present invention described below, an operation (e.g., calculation, selection, prediction, etc.) in a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) or a joint operation (e.g., calculation, selection, prediction, etc.) in multiple nodes (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) may correspond to a two-step operation based on one or more functions in the functional framework of the AI / ML model, even if not mentioned separately. For example, it may correspond to training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) of the AI / ML model in FIG. 5 or inference of the AI / ML model, etc. When a one-side model is used, an operation performed by a single node in the present invention may correspond to a two-step operation, and also, when a two-side model is used, a joint operation performed by multiple nodes in the present invention may correspond to a two-step operation.

[0126] For example, in an AI / ML model-based BM, the base station can use quality / intensity information for multiple beams received from the terminal as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) beam(s) with good quality based on the AI / ML model. Furthermore, the terminal can measure multiple beams received from the base station and use the measurement results as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) beam(s) with good quality based on the AI / ML model.

[0127] Step 3: In the description of the present invention described below, the signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or set of signaling between a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as a three-stage signaling or set of signaling generated due to (as a result of) an operation based on an AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it can correspond to an output due to inference of the AI / ML model in FIG. 5. If signaling between nodes is not required as a result of an operation based on an AI / ML model in the present invention, Step 3 can be omitted. If a one-side model is used in the present invention, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in the present invention can correspond to the three-stage signaling. In addition, if a two-side model is used in the present invention, the one-way / two-way signaling in the present invention can correspond to the three-stage signaling, and furthermore, a repetitive signaling operation can correspond to the three-stage signaling.

[0128] For example, in an AI / ML model-based BM, the base station can transmit to the terminal the beam(s) predicted based on the AI / ML model as candidates so that the terminal can determine the optimal beam. Furthermore, the terminal can report to the base station the beam(s) predicted based on the AI / ML model to request the base station to transmit the candidate beams as candidates for determining the optimal beam.

[0129]

[0130] <THz 통신(terahertz communication)>

[0131] Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communications with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0132] Figure 7 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Figure 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) a widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array techniques to overcome range limitations.

[0133] Transmitting system information (i.e., information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of a BS required to use a service, such as MIB, SIB, etc.) in the THz frequency band may be inefficient because, as the beam width becomes narrower in high frequency bands, more beam sweeps must be performed to cover the entire area of ​​the cell. In particular, transmitting system information in this manner is even more inefficient when there are not many users in the cell. Accordingly, a system information transmission procedure such as that illustrated in FIG. 8 may be used.

[0134] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a procedure for transmitting system information for THz communications to which the present disclosure applies. While this example was developed with THz in mind, it is also applicable to 6G communication environments where THz is not applicable. Furthermore, the procedure illustrated in Figure 8 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, the embodiments described below can be performed based on system information acquired through the procedure illustrated in Figure 8.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 8, in step 501, the base station (520) transmits system information of cell #1 through cell #2. That is, the base station (520) provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a frequency band other than the THz frequency band. Here, the system information may include at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in each of a higher layer and a physical layer. For example, the at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in the higher layer may include at least one of SFN, control information setting for SIB1 (e.g., PDCCH configuration for SIB1, etc.), information related to cell selection / entry (e.g., cell barring, cell re-selection, etc.), and subcarrier spacing, and the at least one information / state / parameter / setting generated in the physical layer may include at least one of SFN, half frame indicator, and SSB index. However, this is merely an example, and system information may include information / status / parameters / settings related to Cell #1 / Cell #2 generated from various types of physical layers / upper layers. For this purpose, as an example, Cell #1 and Cell #2 may have a relationship as a secondary cell and a primary cell.

[0136] In step 503, UE (510) acquires synchronization for cell #1. Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Typically, synchronization is acquired before receiving system information. However, since system information for cell #1 is received from cell #2, synchronization acquisition for cell #1 can be performed after receiving the system information. For example, UE (510) can acquire synchronization based on system information. However, unlike FIG. 8, in another example, synchronization acquisition can be performed before step 501.

[0137] In step 505, the UE (510) transmits a signal for accessing cell #1. For example, the signal may include information for accessing cell #1 (e.g., a random access preamble, etc.). The structure of the signal and the resources for transmitting the signal (e.g., a channel) may be identified through system information. Thereafter, in step 507, the UE (510) and the base station (520) perform an access procedure for cell #1 and communicate. In this step, operations according to various embodiments described below may be performed.

[0138] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 8 may be performed when the UE (501) first connects to cell #1 of the base station (520). Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when the UE (501) hands over to cell #1 of the base station (520). However, in the case of handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a base station other than cell #2 of the base station (520).

[0139] Communications in the THz band are expected to experience extremely severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations must use extremely sharp beams. The use of sharp beams means that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, and the number of beams used increases significantly. Consequently, it takes a very long time to align the transmit and receive beams between the base station and terminals. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and terminals is misaligned due to the movement or movement of the terminals, frequent re-alignment of the beams is required, which can lead to link instability. Accordingly, a beam management procedure, as illustrated in FIG. 9 below, may be employed.

[0140] FIG. 9 illustrates a beam management procedure applicable to the present disclosure. FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, but is not limited to a THz environment, and the present disclosure is applicable to a 6G communication environment. In addition, the procedure illustrated in FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. Here, a beam may be interpreted as 'spatial (setting) information', 'spatial domain filter', 'spatial domain transmission filter', 'spatial domain reception filter', or / and a term having an equivalent technical meaning that can distinguish the beam (e.g., Reference signal, SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) Index, TRP (transmission reception point), panel, cell, TP (transmission point), base station, control resource related information (e.g., CORESET (control resource set) related information, etc.).

[0141] Referring to FIG. 9, in step 601, the base station (620) configures resources for beam management. Here, the resources may include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station (620) may utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from an existing downlink signal / channel for beam search. Here, the BSS may be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port may be a different port from a port for transmitting an existing downlink signal / channel (e.g., a synchronization signal (e.g., SSB, etc.), a data channel (e.g., PDSCH, etc.)). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. That is, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / configured for beam search may be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0142] In step 603, the base station (620) transmits measurement signals using a plurality of transmission beams. For example, the measurement signals may include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals may be transmitted as many times as the number of beams that require measurement, and may be transmitted in a multi-beam transmission method that forms a plurality of beams simultaneously to reduce the sweeping time. Here, the multi-beam transmission may be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, and a true time delay (TTD).

[0143] In step 605, the UE (610) transmits a feedback signal to the base station (620). The feedback signal indicates at least one beam selected by the UE (610). The UE (610) may select at least one preferred beam based on the measurement signals received in step 603. In step 607, the UE (610) and the base station (620) perform communication. At this time, the UE (610) and the base station (620) may perform communication using the beam selected in step 605. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the UE (610) may also be determined through steps 603 and 605, and thus, the transmission operation of the UE (610) may also be performed using the beam selected in step 605. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including transmitting measurement signals of the UE (610) and transmitting feedback signals of the base station (620) may be performed to determine the transmission beam of the UE (610). In step 607, operations according to various embodiments described below may be performed.

[0144]

[0145] Non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0146] NTN can represent a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platforms).

[0147] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 10, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to a data network via the gateway. The beam footprint can refer to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 11, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the replay payload, a satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.

[0150] Figures 10 and 11 are only examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) can vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload can include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be changed. For example, a regenerative payload can include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload could be substantially equivalent to carrying all or part of the base station functionality on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0151]

[0152] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0153] Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a networked device to connect to the object, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, i.e., sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network.

[0154] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 12(a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 12(b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0155] For example, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, referring to FIG. 12(a), the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver may be configured to be included in a single base station (i.e., the same base station) or a single terminal (i.e., the same terminal). Alternatively, referring to FIG. 12(b), the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver may be configured to be included in different base stations, different terminals, or each terminal and base station.

[0156] In this regard, the following six types of sensing modes can be defined based on whether the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are included in the base station or the terminal, respectively.

[0157] - Mode 1: A mode in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are contained in a single base station (e.g., base station-based sensing mode in monostatic mode).

[0158] - Second mode: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in a first base station and the sensing receiver is included in a second base station different from the first base station (e.g., base station-based sensing mode in bistatic mode).

[0159] - Mode 3: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in the base station and the sensing receiver is included in the terminal (e.g., base station-terminal sensing mode).

[0160] - Mode 4: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in the terminal and the sensing receiver is included in the base station (e.g., terminal-base station sensing mode).

[0161] - Mode 5: A mode in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are contained in a single terminal (e.g., terminal-based sensing mode in monostatic mode).

[0162] - 6th mode: A mode in which the sensing transmitter is included in a first terminal and the sensing receiver is included in a second terminal different from the first terminal (e.g., terminal-based sensing mode in bistatic mode).

[0163] In a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, one or more of the six types of sensing modes described above may be utilized independently / in combination.

[0164] In relation to the sensing operation in FIG. 12, the sensing transmitter may transmit a sensing signal for sensing one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects). For example, the sensing signal may correspond to a radio (frequency) signal defined to be transmittable by a base station / terminal in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification. The sensing receiver may receive a signal scattered / reflected by one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects) from a sensing signal transmitted from the sensing transmitter. In the sensing receiver, sensing data may be derived from the scattered / reflected signals, and sensing results may be generated / obtained through processing of the sensing data. Here, the sensing results may include characteristic information (e.g., location, distance, speed, angle, etc.) about one or more objects (and / or the environment around the objects). The sensing results generated / obtained in this way may be utilized for wireless sensing services (e.g., detection, tracking, etc. of objects and / or environments) provided in the wireless communication system based on the 6G network of the present specification, or may be provided / disclosed to a trusted third party.

[0165] Additionally, the sensing operation in FIG. 12 is described as a representative example of the operation in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network, but can be extended and applied to cases where terminals / base stations / signals based on networks of previous generations (e.g., 4G, 5G, etc.) are utilized.

[0166] Additionally, with respect to the wireless sensing described herein, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, time / frequency resources for sensing operations and time / frequency resources for general communications (e.g., UL / DL / sidelink-based communications, etc.) may be scheduled / configured separately.

[0167] FIG. 13 illustrates time / frequency resources for sensing operations according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0168] Referring to FIG. 13, time / frequency resources (hereinafter, sensing resources) for the aforementioned sensing operation (e.g., sensing operation based on FIG. 10) can be set / allocated separately from time / frequency resources (hereinafter, communication resources) for general communication.

[0169] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 13, sensing resources can be set / allocated in units of symbols in the time domain and / or resource blocks in the frequency domain. Resources other than those for which the sensing resources are set / allocated can be utilized as resources for general communication. That is, sensing resources and communication resources can be set / allocated based on a time-division multiplexing (TDM) scheme and / or a frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) scheme in terms of the operation of the base station / terminal. Additionally or alternatively, unlike what is illustrated in FIG. 12, sensing resources can also be set / allocated based on other units in the time domain (e.g., slots, frames, absolute time (ms, us), etc.) and / or other units in the frequency domain (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, absolute frequencies (MHz, GHz), etc.).

[0170] Additionally or alternatively, in connection with the setting / allocation / scheduling of resources for general communication as described herein, the relationship between the resources and the aforementioned sensing resources may need to be considered. For example, when setting / allocating resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, the resources may be set / allocated to rate-match or puncture the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource. For example, when scheduling resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, the resources may be scheduled so as not to overlap with the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource. If the resources for general communication according to the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure and the resource region corresponding to the sensing resource are set / allocated / scheduled to overlap, one or both operations may be dropped, skipped, or postponed based on priorities, predefined rules, etc. That is, in the embodiment(s) of the present specification, it may be desirable that resources related to general communication (e.g., resources for signals / channels related to UL / DL / Sidelink-based data / control, etc.) are set / allocated / scheduled so as not to overlap with the sensing resources described above.

[0171] Additionally, various channel modeling methods may be applied in connection with the wireless sensing described herein. Channel modeling related to sensing may refer to configuring a path for transmitting and receiving sensing signals and / or scattered / reflected signals, taking into account the object being sensed and / or the environment in which the object resides. Channel modeling may be related to the performance / requirements of sensing in wireless communication systems, and thus may be an important factor in validating the sensing function.

[0172] Channels related to sensing can be divided into channels between objects (e.g., targets of interest) and sensing transmitters / receivers, and channels between the environment to which the object belongs and sensing transmitters / receivers. In this regard, channel modeling related to sensing can be divided based on sensing mode (e.g., the six types of modes described above), whether there is an object / environment, and / or sensing scenarios. For example, channel modeling for a target in a base station / terminal-based monostatic sensing mode, channel modeling for a target in a base station / terminal-based bistatic sensing mode, channel modeling for the environment in a base station / terminal-based monostatic sensing mode, and channel modeling for the environment in a base station / terminal-based bistatic sensing mode can be configured and optimized differently. For example, when various sensing scenarios are classified, channel modeling for detection, location, and tracking scenarios, channel modeling for motion recognition, and channel modeling for imaging / environment reconstruction scenarios can be divided, etc. Additionally, channel modeling related to sensing may be based on statistical channel modeling techniques and / or deterministic channel modeling techniques. For example, modeling for sensing in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present disclosure may be based on stochastic geometric channel modeling techniques and / or hybrid with ray tracing channel modeling techniques. Here, the stochastic geometric channel model may be based on various statistical characteristics of the channel state. Furthermore, the hybrid channel model may be based on both ray tracing techniques and stochastic techniques.In a hybrid approach, channels for objects requiring high accuracy and consistency (e.g., targets of interest) can be modeled using ray tracing techniques, while channels for the environment can be modeled using probabilistic techniques.

[0173] FIG. 14 illustrates a procedure related to a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0174] For example, in a wireless communication system based on a 6G network of the present specification, in the case of a sensing operation in which a terminal participates, the base station may need to verify the capability of the terminal for the sensing operation. In this regard, the terminal may be configured to report capability information on whether it supports the sensing operation to the base station. Additionally or alternatively, if the terminal is defined in advance in the standard as supporting the sensing operation, the procedure may be omitted. In addition, in the case of a sensing operation in which only the base station participates, the base station may be configured to report capability information on whether it supports the sensing operation to an entity that configures / controls its sensing operation (e.g., a network entity at an upper level / layer of the base station).

[0175] For example, the base station can perform signaling with the terminal to exchange configuration information related to the sensing operation. For example, the base station can configure / instruct the terminal information about the mode of the sensing operation (e.g., based on the six types of modes described above), the subject of the sensing operation (e.g., sensing transmitter, sensing receiver), the resource of the sensing operation (e.g., sensing resource as in FIG. 13), the target of utilizing the sensing result (e.g., type of wireless sensing service based on 6G network, trusted third party), channel modeling for sensing (e.g., channel between the base station / terminal and object / environment), etc. For example, the base station can also configure / instruct such information from a network entity at an upper level / layer of the base station.

[0176] For example, the base station and / or the terminal may perform a sensing operation based on the set / instructed information. For example, the base station and / or the terminal may, as a sensing transmitter and / or a sensing receiver, perform procedures such as transmitting the aforementioned sensing signal, receiving scattered / reflected signals, deriving sensing data, obtaining sensing results through processing the sensing data, and providing the sensing results. For example, in the operations of the base station / terminal described herein, the sensing results provided through the sensing operation may be utilized.

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] <LP-WUS (low-power Wake-up Signal)과 LP-WUR (Low-Power Wake-up Receiver)>

[0180] 3GPP standard release 19 supports LP-WUS (low-power Wake-up Signal) and LP-WUR (Low-Power Wake-up Receiver) to reduce power consumption of terminals, and is discussing the development of technologies utilizing these.

[0181] In the present disclosure, the MR (Main Radio) receiver refers to a receiver for receiving signals according to the general 3GPP NR standard, and can be utilized to receive OFDM signals, etc., according to the NR standard. In other words, a receiver currently configured in a standard terminal can be understood as an MR (Main Radio) receiver. LP-WUR refers to a receiver that can be newly configured in a terminal to receive a low-power signal, and can receive newly designed low-power signals such as LP-WUS (Low-Power Wake-up Signal) or LP-SS (Low-Power Synchronization Signal), and can generally have the characteristics of being configured with low cost and low power consumption.

[0182] In this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE has both an MR (Main Radio) receiver and an LP-WUR. In particular, in this disclosure, the MR receiver may be abbreviated as MR, and the LP-WUR may be abbreviated as LR.

[0183] Low-power signals such as LP-WUS or LP-SS can be transmitted differently from signals transmitted with the current general OFDM symbol structure in the resource configuration of the time / frequency axis in the NR standard. For example, LP-WUS is modulated with OOK (On-Off Keying) to match the slot or symbol structure of the time axis, but can be transmitted in a way that does not match the RE (Resource Element) structure of the frequency axis. That is, since LP-WUS is represented as 1 if there is a signal within a specific time interval, and 0 if there is no signal, the terminal can receive the signal simply by detecting energy within a specific time interval. It can also be considered that the OOK symbol of such LP-WUS has an OFDM sequence overlaid for spectrum flattening, or to increase transmission coverage or transmit additional information. In particular, overlaying of OFDM sequences can be implemented by multiplying the waveform of the sequence by the ON region of the ON-OFF KEYING symbol.

[0184] The structure of LP-WUR is being discussed from various perspectives, and in particular, the power consumption of LP-WUR in the on-state and off-state may vary depending on the structure. Accordingly, if the on-state power consumption of LP-WUR is significant enough to be ignored (or for other reasons), the terminal may be required to activate or deactivate LP-WUR. To this end, the terminal may define an entry condition for entering the LP-WUR activation state and an exit condition for exiting the activation state.

[0185] Meanwhile, LP-WUS may include a payload transmitted in the OOK format described above. Generally, the payload can be said to contain information actually indicated to the terminal. Additionally, it may consist of a preamble for other purposes (e.g., synchronization acquisition) and an OFDM sequence overlaid on the OOK symbol. In other words, LP-WUS can be said to include information transmitted via the payload and information transmitted via the overlaid OFDM sequence.

[0186] LP-WUR can be defined by dividing it into two types.

[0187] (1) LP-WUR Type #1: WUR capable of energy detection only

[0188] (2) LP-WUR Type #2: WUR capable of sequence detection

[0189] LP-WUR Type #1 focuses on low cost and is a WUR capable of only energy detection, i.e., determining the presence or absence of a signal. Therefore, it is a receiver capable of receiving only OOK symbols, i.e., information transmitted through the payload.

[0190] LP-WUR Type #2 is a higher-cost WUR than Type #1, capable of detecting OFDM sequences and energy detection. Therefore, it is a receiver capable of receiving not only the payload but also information transmitted via overlaid OFDM sequences. Furthermore, it can also receive the PSS / SSS of existing NR signals.

[0191] After a terminal initially accesses a serving cell, procedures and operations for receiving settings for LP-WUS reception may be defined. The terminal may receive LP-WUS-related settings and define the necessary actions for receiving them using LP-WUR. These settings and terminal operations may include distinctions based on the type of LP-WUR.

[0192]

[0193] <LP-WUS 수신 동작의 활성화 / 비활성화>

[0194] The present disclosure proposes an operation for activating / deactivating LP-WUS reception in a corresponding cell, which is distinguished by the type in which the terminal supports LP-WUS. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an operation for activating / deactivating LP-WUS reception, mainly in the case where the terminal supports LP-WUR Type #2, which is distinguished from the case in which the terminal supports LP-WUR Type #1, and more specifically, to an operation for activating / deactivating LP-WUS monitoring, which is composed of an OOK symbol payload that can be received by an LP-WUR Type #2 terminal and an OFDM sequence overlaid thereon.

[0195] Hereinafter, the proposed method is described based on periodic or receivable LP-WUS (and LP-SS). However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the methods proposed in the present invention are not limited thereto, and can be extended and applied to all signals that a terminal receives with a certain periodicity. Therefore, it is self-evident that the methods proposed in the present disclosure can be applied to all types of transmission and reception methods expected by a base station and a terminal, as long as the principles of the invention are not violated, even without a separate description.

[0196] The present disclosure hereinafter illustrates the principles of the invention by providing examples based on the NR system. However, the proposed methods are not specifically limited to the transmission and reception formats of NR unless otherwise specified. Therefore, it is self-evident that the methods proposed in this disclosure can be applied to all wireless communication transmission and reception structures and services, even without a separate description, as long as the principles of the invention are not violated.

[0197] The distinction between each method or option in the following description is intended to clarify the explanation and is not to be construed as necessarily implying that each method or option must be implemented as an independent invention. For example, the methods / options described below may be implemented individually, but at least some of them may be implemented in combination, provided they do not conflict with each other.

[0198]

[0199] <Proposal 1: How to activate LP-WUS monitoring based on preset conditions>

[0200] The terminal receives the serving cell settings or the LP-WUS-related settings of the serving cell and operates accordingly, and the LP-WUS reception operation may be activated or deactivated by specific conditions or instructions, etc. The LP-WUS reception operation may be activated / deactivated by the base station, by the terminal, or by the terminal's decision if specific conditions are met.

[0201] The following description is based on the entry condition of the LP-WUS monitoring activation state. Unless otherwise specified, the exit condition of the LP-WUS monitoring activation state can also be defined in the same form as the entry condition. That is, if the condition that the measurement result value is greater than or equal to a specific entry threshold is defined as the entry condition, the exit condition can be defined as the measurement result value being less than a specific exit threshold. Therefore, although the description is based on the entry condition below, a similar form of operation for the exit condition can be defined based on the exit threshold.

[0202] If the terminal does not satisfy both the entry and exit conditions, the previous operating state can be maintained. That is, if the terminal's LP-WUS monitoring is disabled, it checks the entry conditions and, if they are not satisfied, remains disabled. If the entry conditions are satisfied, it switches to the enabled state. If the terminal's LP-WUS monitoring is enabled, it checks the exit conditions and, if they are not satisfied, remains enabled. If the exit conditions are satisfied, it switches to the disabled state.

[0203] If the entry threshold and the termination threshold set in the terminal are the same, the condition (termination condition) for deactivating LP-WUS monitoring may be when the activation condition is not satisfied. That is, if the entry condition is when the measurement result is greater than or equal to a specific threshold, the termination condition may be when the measurement result is less than or equal to a specific threshold. In this case, the specific threshold may be the same as the reference value when measuring cell quality. For example, if the terminal measures LP-SS and compares the result with the entry threshold / termination threshold, the entry threshold / termination threshold at this time may be a value corresponding to the RSRP (or RSRQ) based on the LP-SS. In this case, if the terminal activates the monitoring of LP-WUS, it can be understood that RRM measurement can be performed with LP-WUR based on this.

[0204] A terminal may receive a serving cell configuration or LP-WUS-related configuration of a serving cell, which may include a threshold for activating LP-WUS monitoring. These LP-WUS-related configurations may be indicated through one of system information blocks (SIBs). If the terminal receives the serving cell configuration or LP-WUS-related configuration of a serving cell through an SIB, it can know that the serving cell supports LP-WUS and that LP-WUS is transmitted in a specific time / frequency axis region on the serving cell. The terminal may expect that LP-SS, which is a signal for time synchronization of LP-WUS and LP-WUR, will be transmitted from the serving cell and may attempt to receive it. The terminal may monitor LP-WUS (or LP-SS) to attempt reception, and if the quality of the signal is higher than a certain threshold (hereinafter referred to as the entry threshold), activate LP-WUS monitoring and transition the MR to a sleep state to reduce power consumption.

[0205] Meanwhile, the entry threshold may be set differently depending on the LP-WUR type of the terminal. This may be because a terminal of LP-WUR type #1 performs a -WUS or LP-SS monitoring operation by energy detection, and a terminal of LP-WUR type #2 performs a LP-WUS or LP-SS monitoring operation by sequence detection. The LP-WUR type #1 terminal may be set to the entry threshold #1 value, and the LP-WUR type #2 terminal may be set to the entry threshold #2 value. Accordingly, the terminal may attempt to receive by monitoring the LP-WUS (or LP-SS) and compare whether the quality of the signal exceeds the entry threshold by distinguishing it according to the LP-WUR supported.

[0206] The entry threshold according to the LP-WUR type can be included in the serving cell configuration or the LP-WUS-related configuration of the serving cell, and can be set to a distinct value according to the LP-WUR type. Alternatively, the difference between each entry threshold may be predetermined and set to only one value. In other words, only one entry threshold may be set and the corresponding value may be used as is according to the LP-WUR type of the terminal, or an entry threshold suitable for the type may be derived according to a predetermined rule.

[0207] LP-WUS monitoring activation can vary depending on the terminal's capabilities, along with the setting of the entry threshold. For example, a power boosting factor, P1, applicable to LP-WUS can be set, and a preset criterion can be considered based on this. For example, if P1 = 1, the set entry threshold can be used as is, and if P1 = 2, half the set entry threshold can be used. This relationship can be preset. In other words, the entry threshold can be applied differently depending on the power boosting status of the LP-WUS and the terminal's reception, etc.

[0208] Depending on the signal that the terminal attempts to receive to activate LP-WUS monitoring, the entry threshold may vary. The terminal can determine whether LP-WUS is supported through the serving cell configuration, and can also determine whether LP-SS is transmitted for time synchronization. Therefore, the terminal can receive LP-WUS or LP-SS to determine whether LP-WUS monitoring is activated in the corresponding cell. Different entry thresholds can be applied depending on each signal. In addition, different monitoring counts can be set for each signal. For example, the terminal can monitor LP-WUS N1 times and compare the measurement result with the LP-WUS entry threshold, or monitor LP-SS N2 times and compare the measurement result with the LP-SS entry threshold to determine whether to activate LP-WUS monitoring.

[0209] Examples of terminal operation for each LP-WUR type are as follows.

[0210] 1) LP-WUR Type #1

[0211] The terminal performs energy detection for LP-WUS (or LP-SS) reception. The LP-WUS entry threshold (i.e., LP-WUS entry threshold #1) for comparison with the measurement result of the LP-WUS and the LP-SS entry threshold (i.e., LP-SS entry threshold #1) for comparison with the measurement result of the LP-SS can be informed to the terminal by the serving cell configuration or the LP-WUS-related configuration of the serving cell. Based on this, the terminal performs measurements on the LP-WUS or LP-SS and compares them with the respective entry thresholds to determine whether to activate LP-WUS monitoring.

[0212] 2) LP-WUR Type #2

[0213] The terminal performs sequence detection for LP-WUS (or LP-SS) reception. Thereafter, the terminal of LP-WUR type #2 may perform at least one of the operations Alt1 to Alt3 below.

[0214] Alt 1: The terminal can be informed of the entry threshold of LP-WUS (i.e., LP-WUS entry threshold #2) for comparison with the measurement result of LP-WUS and the entry threshold of LP-SS (i.e., LP-SS entry threshold #2) for comparison with the measurement result of LP-SS through the serving cell configuration. Based on this, the terminal performs measurement for LP-WUS or LP-SS and compares it with the respective entry threshold to determine whether to activate LP-WUS monitoring.

[0215] Alt 2: The terminal can determine the SSB entry threshold (SSB entry threshold) for comparison with the measurement results of the SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) through the serving cell configuration or the serving cell's LP-WUS-related settings. Based on this, the terminal performs SSB measurements and compares them with the entry threshold to determine whether to activate LP-WUS monitoring.

[0216] Alt 3: The terminal can know the LP-WUS entry threshold #2, LP-SS entry threshold #2, and SSB entry threshold through the serving cell configuration or the LP-WUS-related configuration of the serving cell. The base station notifies the terminal through the serving cell configuration or the LP-WUS-related configuration of the serving cell which signal among LP-WUS / LP-SS and SSB to measure and use as the standard for activating LP-WUS monitoring. Based on this, the terminal performs measurements for LP-WUS / LP-SS and SSB and compares them with the entry thresholds to determine whether to activate LP-WUS monitoring.

[0217] Meanwhile, in order to maximize the power saving effect, the LP-WUR type #2 terminal can set / perform the operation of monitoring LP-WUS separately by step a) to step d) below.

[0218] a) The terminal monitors LP-WUS or LP-SS by energy detection using LP-WUR.

[0219] b) The terminal monitors LP-WUS or LP-SS by sequence detection using LP-WUR.

[0220] c) The terminal monitors SSB by sequence detection using LP-WUR.

[0221] d) The terminal activates MR.

[0222] In each of steps a) to d), if the result value measured N or more times (or the result value measured for a certain period of time) is less than the entry threshold, an operation of moving on to the next step may be performed. Of course, it may be. One or more of steps a) to d) may be omitted depending on the setting. For example, terminal steps in the order of a), b), and d) may be set. In this case, the terminal first performs energy detection with LP-WUR, and then attempts sequence detection. If all of them fail to exceed the entry threshold, the MR is finally activated and the same operation as before is performed.

[0223] A terminal of LP-WUR Type #2 can operate to perform both energy detection and sequence detection for LP-WUS or LP-SS for comparison with an entry threshold. By performing both energy detection for the OOK symbol of LP-WUS and sequence detection for the overlaid OFDM sequence, the terminal can obtain measurement results with higher reliability.

[0224]

[0225] <Proposal 2: How to enable the base station to monitor LP-WUS>

[0226] LP-WUS monitoring, enabled / disabled by the base station, may be an operation that notifies the UE of LP-WUS transmission in the corresponding cell. This may not directly indicate whether LP-WUS reception is possible, but rather may be an operation that notifies the UE that LP-WUS is being transmitted in the corresponding cell and that the UE can utilize it. Accordingly, the UE can decide whether to receive and utilize LP-WUS based on this information.

[0227] For example, the terminal may receive LP-WUS to determine whether to page in the corresponding DRX cycle, or may receive PEI without receiving LP-WUS to determine whether to page. Alternatively, the terminal may wake up and perform paging every DRX cycle.

[0228] Activation / deactivation by the base station can be indicated by the serving cell configuration. The terminal can determine whether LP-WUS is supported in the cell through SIB, etc., and can decide whether to receive LP-WUS based on this. Therefore, the terminal's system information may need to be updated to notify the base station of LP-WUS activation / deactivation. Alternatively, the terminal can be notified via dedicated RRC signaling whether the current cell can receive LP-WUS.

[0229] Activation may be explicitly indicated by the base station. This may correspond to CONNECTED mode, where the setting may be indicated by higher-layer signaling, etc. For example, the transmission of LP-WUS may be configured for a specific terminal or a group of terminals to which a specific terminal belongs, and this may be notified to be monitored. Alternatively, a more immediate indication may be that an LP-WUS that is commonly transmitted to a group of terminals to which a terminal belongs is configured, but the LP-WUS may be monitored or not for a specific terminal during a specific time or at a specific transmission occasion.

[0230] Information about the OFDM sequence overlaid on the LP-WUS or LP-SS may be included in the serving cell configuration. The OFDM sequence may be a predetermined sequence (or a previously recognized sequence) with a specific value, or may be configured to have the same information as the information included in the payload of the LP-WUS. In addition, the overlaid OFDM sequence may be configured separately for IDLE / INACTIVE mode and CONNECTED mode.

[0231] Information about the overlaid OFDM sequence of the LP-WUS can be received from the overlaid OFDM sequence of the LP-SS. That is, if the terminal successfully receives the overlaid OFDM sequence of the LP-SS, it can know whether the overlaid OFDM sequence of the subsequently transmitted LP-WUS is a predetermined sequence, is the same as the information included in the payload of the LP-WUS, etc. The information is preset in the terminal by the base station, and the information transmitted by the overlaid OFDM sequence of the LP-WUS in actual transmission can be known through the transmission of the LP-SS. In addition, through the overlaid OFDM sequence of the LP-SS, it is possible to instruct on / off of the overlaid sequence of the subsequent LP-WUS.

[0232] Cell-related information may be included in the overlaid OFDM sequence of an LP-WUS or LP-SS. If a terminal can successfully receive an overlaid sequence of an LP-WUS or LP-SS, it can obtain information about the cell to which the signal is transmitted and activate monitoring of the LP-WUS by distinguishing the cell.

[0233]

[0234] <Proposal 3: A method for activating LP-WUS monitoring at the request of a terminal>

[0235] The monitoring operation of LP-WUS can be activated by the base station based on a request from the terminal. In the case of LP-WUS in IDLE / INACTIVE mode, it can be expected to be transmitted to a terminal group, and if there is at least one terminal requesting LP-WUS transmission to the terminal group, in other words, LP-WUS transmission can be activated even if only one terminal requests LP-WUS transmission. Alternatively, LP-WUS transmission can be activated only when multiple preset terminals within the terminal group make requests. LP-WUS in CONNECTED mode can also follow the above method if it is transmitted to a terminal group.

[0236] In response to a request from a terminal, a base station can transmit a confirmation message that it will transmit LP-WUS. If a terminal in IDLE / INACTIVE mode makes a request during a RA (random access) process, RAR can be distinguished. For example, if msg1 (or msbA) is transmitted as a preamble for an LP-WUS request, a response can be expected to distinguish whether or not LP-WUS is transmitted, and through this, the terminal can confirm whether LP-WUS transmission is performed in response to the request. If a request is made through another UL channel, an action of sending a message confirming this through a downlink channel after the transmission can be considered.

[0237] The base station can determine whether there are terminals capable of receiving LP-WUS within the cell, and can decide whether to transmit LP-WUS based on the terminal's request. When requesting LP-WUS monitoring, the terminal can inform the base station of the terminal's LP-WUR type in the form of UE capability information or UE assistance information. This can help the base station efficiently configure LP-WUS transmission.

[0238] The UE can make a request through the RA (random access) process or through another uplink channel. In order to request the base station to transmit LP-WUS, the UE can request an on-demand SIB containing information related to LP-WUS, rather than SIB1. For example, when the UE accesses a new cell due to a procedure such as cell reselection, an operation may be performed to check whether the cell transmits LP-WUS and to send a request for it. Alternatively, the on-demand SIB may be used to check whether the cell supports LP-WUS and whether LP-WUS is currently being transmitted.

[0239] Since the information about cells that support LP-WUS can be known in the serving cell configuration, when the UE initiates the cell reselection procedure, the priority of cells that can support LP-WUS can be set to high. Therefore, even if the UE reselects a cell, it can expect that the cell supports LP-WUS. The default operation of the UE may be to perform the reselection procedure only for cells that support LP-WUS. Even when the UE requests on-demand SIB, it may operate to reuse the information received from the previous cell instead of always requesting multiple cells. Based on the information received from the previous cell, the UE can activate LP-WUS monitoring and request transmission of LP-WUS by UE request only when the cell supports LP-WUS but is not currently transmitting it for a specific reason.

[0240] A UE can send a request for an overlaid sequence of LP-WUS or LP-SS. For example, if the UE's camping cell supports LP-WUS and the UE wants to operate to reduce power consumption but cannot receive LP-WUS well, the UE can request that the overlaid OFDM sequence be transmitted in a predetermined sequence to improve coverage. Alternatively, if the overlaid OFDM sequence is not being transmitted, the UE can request that it be transmitted.

[0241]

[0242] FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a terminal to activate monitoring of LP-WUS according to the present disclosure.

[0243] Referring to FIG. 15, the terminal transmits an LP-WUS request message to the base station in step A05. In particular, the LP-WUS request message may include information regarding a sequence configuring the LP-WUS.

[0244] Next, the terminal receives information about at least one entry threshold for monitoring LP-WUS from the base station in step A10. As described above, the payload is composed of at least one OOK (On Off Keying) symbol, and the sequence is overlaid on the at least one OOK symbol. In particular, the sequence constituting the LP-WUS can be determined based on information provided by the terminal to the base station via the LP-WUS request message.

[0245] Next, in step A15, the terminal activates monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold. Here, the monitoring of the LP-WUS includes at least one of energy detection of a Low Power-Wake Up Receiver (LP-WUR) associated with the payload or sequence detection of the LP-WUR associated with the sequence.

[0246] More specifically, if the measured value is greater than or equal to a first entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold, monitoring of the LP-WUS by the energy detection is activated. On the other hand, if the measured value is less than the first entry threshold and greater than or equal to a second entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold, monitoring of the LP-WUS by the sequence detection is activated.

[0247] Additionally, based on the measurement being less than the second entry threshold and greater than or equal to a third entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold, SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) monitoring may be activated.

[0248] If the above measurement value is less than at least one entry threshold, for example, less than the first entry threshold to the third entry threshold, the terminal does not activate monitoring of the LP-WUS and activates the MR (Main Radio).

[0249] If LP-WUS monitoring is activated, the terminal can determine whether to deactivate the activated LP-WUS monitoring based on the measured value of the LP-WUS and at least one termination threshold.

[0250]

[0251] FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an operation performed by a base station to activate LP-WUS monitoring according to the present disclosure.

[0252] Referring to FIG. 16, in step B05, the base station receives a request message for a LP-WUS (Low Power-Wake Up Signal) consisting of a payload and a sequence from the terminal. Here, the request message may include information regarding the sequence.

[0253] Next, in step B10, the base station transmits information regarding at least one entry threshold for monitoring the LP-WUS to the terminal. The monitoring of the LP-WUS includes at least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence.

[0254] In particular, monitoring of the LP-WUS may be activated by the terminal based on the LP-WUS measurement value of the terminal and the at least one entry threshold. In addition, monitoring of the activated LP-WUS may be deactivated based on the LP-WUS measurement value and the at least one termination threshold.

[0255]

[0256] According to the present disclosure, the activation of monitoring and receiving operations of an LP-WUS consisting of a payload and a sequence can be efficiently performed.

[0257] In order to explain the principles of the invention, this disclosure provides examples based on the NR system. However, the proposed methods are not specifically limited to the transmission and reception forms of NR unless otherwise specified. In addition, in order to explain the principles of the invention, this disclosure provides examples based on the characteristics and structures of existing terminal operations. However, the proposed methods are not specifically limited to the support of the terminal unless otherwise specified. Therefore, it is self-evident that the methods proposed in this disclosure can be applied to all wireless communication transmission and reception structures and services, even without a separate description, as long as the principles of the invention are not violated.

[0258]

[0259] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form embodiments of the present disclosure by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form embodiments or incorporated as new claims through post-application amendments.

[0260] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0261] The present disclosure may be used in a terminal, base station, or other equipment of a wireless mobile communication system.

Claims

1. In a method performed by UE (User Equipment), A step of receiving information from a base station about at least one entry threshold for monitoring a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold value, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, method.

2. In paragraph 1, The steps for performing the monitoring of the above LP-WUS are: A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by the energy detection based on the measurement value being greater than or equal to a first entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by the sequence detection based on the measurement value being less than the first entry threshold and greater than or equal to a second entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold, method.

3. In paragraph 2, Further comprising a step of activating SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) monitoring based on the measurement value being less than the second entry threshold and greater than or equal to a third entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold. method.

4. In paragraph 1, The steps for performing the monitoring of the above LP-WUS are: A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by a Low Power-Wake Up Receiver (LP-WUR) based on the above measurement value being greater than or equal to at least one entry threshold; and A step of activating MR (Main Radio) based on the above measurement value being less than at least one entry threshold, method.

5. In paragraph 1, Further comprising the step of transmitting an LP-WUS request message to the base station, The above LP-WUS request message includes information about the sequence. method.

6. In paragraph 1, The above payload consists of at least one OOK (On Off Keying) symbol, The above sequence is overlaid on at least one OOK symbol, method.

7. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of disabling monitoring of the activated LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and at least one termination threshold value. method.

8. As a UE (User Equipment) in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one computer memory storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, cause said reader to perform operations, said operations comprising: A step of receiving information from a base station about at least one entry threshold for monitoring a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold value, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, UE.

9. In paragraph 8, The steps for performing the monitoring of the above LP-WUS are: A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by the energy detection based on the measurement value being greater than or equal to a first entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by the sequence detection based on the measurement value being less than the first entry threshold and greater than or equal to a second entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold, UE.

10. In paragraph 9, The above actions are, Further comprising a step of activating SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) monitoring based on the measurement value being less than the second entry threshold and greater than or equal to a third entry threshold among the at least one entry threshold. UE.

11. In paragraph 8, The steps for performing the monitoring of the above LP-WUS are: A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS by a Low Power-Wake Up Receiver (LP-WUR) based on the above measurement value being greater than or equal to at least one entry threshold; and A step of activating MR (Main Radio) based on the above measurement value being less than at least one entry threshold, UE.

12. In paragraph 8, The above actions are, Further comprising the step of transmitting an LP-WUS request message to the base station, The above LP-WUS request message includes information about the sequence. UE.

13. In paragraph 8, The above payload consists of at least one OOK (On Off Keying) symbol, The above sequence is overlaid on at least one OOK symbol, UE.

14. In paragraph 8, The above actions are, Further comprising a step of disabling monitoring of the activated LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and at least one termination threshold value. UE.

15. In a processing device in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one computer memory storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause a UE (User Equipment) to perform operations, the operations being: A step of receiving information from a base station about at least one entry threshold for monitoring a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold value, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, Processing unit.

16. In a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, The storage medium stores at least one program code that, when executed by at least one processor, causes a UE (User Equipment) to perform operations, the operations comprising: A step of receiving information from a base station about at least one entry threshold for monitoring a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence; and A step of activating monitoring of the LP-WUS based on the measurement value of the LP-WUS and the at least one entry threshold value, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, Storage medium.

17. In a method performed by a base station, A step of receiving a request message of a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence from a UE (User Equipment); A step of transmitting information about at least one entry threshold for monitoring the LP-WUS to the UE, The above request message contains information about the above sequence, The monitoring of the LP-WUS is activated based on the LP-WUS measurement value of the UE and the at least one entry threshold, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, method.

18. As a base station in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one computer memory storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, cause said reader to perform operations, said operations comprising: A step of receiving a request message of a Low Power-Wake Up Signal (LP-WUS) consisting of a payload and a sequence from a UE (User Equipment); A step of transmitting information about at least one entry threshold for monitoring the LP-WUS to the UE, The above request message contains information about the above sequence, The monitoring of the LP-WUS is activated based on the LP-WUS measurement value of the UE and the at least one entry threshold, Monitoring of the above LP-WUS is as follows: At least one of energy detection associated with the payload or sequence detection associated with the sequence, Base station.

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