Method and device for uplink transmission and reception in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise the steps, by a terminal, of: receiving, from a base station, higher layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and transmitting, to the base station, a preamble in all or some of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, wherein the total number of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold value, the higher layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, and the at least one second RO may include an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

Description

Method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system.

[0002] Mobile communication systems were developed to provide voice services while ensuring user activity. However, they have expanded beyond voice to include data services. Currently, explosive growth in traffic is leading to resource shortages and users' demand for higher-speed services, necessitating a more advanced mobile communication system.

[0003] Next-generation mobile communication systems must support explosive data traffic growth, dramatically increasing data rates per user, a vastly increased number of connected devices, ultra-low end-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To achieve these goals, various technologies are being studied, including dual connectivity, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), in-band full duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), super wideband support, and device networking.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system.

[0005] In addition, an additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for transmitting and receiving a random access preamble.

[0006] In addition, an additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for setting different amounts of RACH (random access channel) opportunities for each SSB (synchronization signal block) index.

[0007] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0008] A method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: receiving, by a terminal, from a base station, upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and transmitting, by the terminal, to the base station, a preamble in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, wherein a sum of the numbers of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold, wherein the upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, and wherein the at least one second RO may include an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

[0009] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method comprises: transmitting, by a base station, to a terminal, upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and receiving, by the base station, from the terminal, a preamble in all or a portion of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, wherein a sum of the numbers of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold, wherein the upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, and wherein the at least one second RO may include an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

[0010] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system can be provided.

[0011] Additionally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a method and device for transmitting and receiving a random access preamble.

[0012] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and device for setting different amounts of RACH opportunities for each SSB index.

[0013] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the description below.

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and are part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, describe the technical features of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0016] FIG. 2 illustrates a frame structure in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates a physical resource block in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a slot structure in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates physical channels used in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied and a general signal transmission and reception method using the same.

[0021] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of performing operations for an NES according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining operations related to an SSB-less secondary cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a terminal to perform a communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a base station to perform a communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 11 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description set forth below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details.

[0028] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in block diagram form focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0029] In the present disclosure, when a component is said to be "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" or "has" in the present disclosure specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0030] In this disclosure, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used only to distinguish one component from another and are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance between the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of this disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0031] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. As used in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "and / or" as used herein may refer to any one of the associated enumerated items, or is meant to refer to and encompass any and all possible combinations of two or more of them. Furthermore, the use of " / " between words in this disclosure has the same meaning as "and / or" unless otherwise stated.

[0032] The present disclosure describes a wireless communication network or a wireless communication system, and operations performed in the wireless communication network may be performed in a process of controlling the network and transmitting or receiving a signal from a device (e.g., a base station) that manages the wireless communication network, or in a process of transmitting or receiving a signal to or between terminals connected to the wireless network.

[0033] In the present disclosure, transmitting or receiving a channel means transmitting or receiving information or a signal through the channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or a signal through the control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or a signal through the data channel.

[0034] Hereinafter, downlink (DL) refers to communication from a base station to a terminal, and uplink (UL) refers to communication from a terminal to a base station. In downlink, a transmitter may be part of a base station, and a receiver may be part of a terminal. In uplink, a transmitter may be part of a terminal, and a receiver may be part of a base station. A base station may be expressed as a first communication device, and a terminal may be expressed as a second communication device. A base station (BS) may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, Node B, eNB (evolved-NodeB), gNB (Next Generation NodeB), BTS (base transceiver system), access point (AP: Access Point), network (5G network), AI (Artificial Intelligence) system / module, RSU (road side unit), robot, drone (UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, etc.In addition, the terminal may be fixed or mobile, and may be replaced with terms such as UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), UT (user terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), WT (Wireless terminal), MTC (Machine-Type Communication) device, M2M (Machine-to-Machine) device, D2D (Device-to-Device) device, vehicle, RSU (road side unit), robot, AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, etc.

[0035] The following technologies can be used in various wireless access systems, such as CDMA, FDMA, TDMA, OFDMA, and SC-FDMA. CDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as UTRA (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) / GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) / EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). OFDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and E-UTRA (Evolved UTRA). UTRA is part of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a part of E-UMTS (Evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA, and LTE-A (Advanced) / LTE-A pro is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR (New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A pro.

[0036] For clarity, the description is based on the 3GPP communication system (e.g., LTE-A, NR), but the technical idea of ​​the present disclosure is not limited thereto. LTE refers to technology after 3GPP TS (Technical Specification) 36.xxx Release 8. Specifically, LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 10 is referred to as LTE-A, and LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 13 is referred to as LTE-A pro. 3GPP NR refers to technology after TS 38.xxx Release 15. LTE / NR may be referred to as a 3GPP system. "xxx" refers to a standard document detail number. LTE / NR may be collectively referred to as a 3GPP system. For background technology, terms, abbreviations, etc. used in the description of the present disclosure, reference may be made to matters described in standard documents published prior to the present disclosure. For example, reference may be made to the following documents.

[0037] For 3GPP LTE, see TS 36.211 (Physical channels and modulation), TS 36.212 (Multiplexing and channel coding), TS 36.213 (Physical layer procedures), TS 36.300 (General description), and TS 36.331 (Radio resource control).

[0038] For 3GPP NR, see TS 38.211 (Physical channels and modulation), TS 38.212 (Multiplexing and channel coding), TS 38.213 (Physical layer procedures for control), TS 38.214 (Physical layer procedures for data), TS 38.300 (Overall description of NR and New Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN)), and TS 38.331 (Radio Resource Control Protocol Specification).

[0039] Abbreviations for terms that may be used in this disclosure are defined as follows.

[0040] - BM: beam management

[0041] - CQI: Channel Quality Indicator

[0042] - CRI: Channel state information - reference signal resource indicator

[0043] - CSI: Channel State Information

[0044] - CSI-IM: Channel State Information - Interference Measurement

[0045] - CSI-RS: Channel state information - reference signal

[0046] - DMRS: Demodulation Reference Signal

[0047] - FDM: frequency division multiplexing

[0048] - FFT: fast Fourier transform

[0049] - IFDMA: interleaved frequency division multiple access

[0050] - IFFT: inverse fast Fourier transform

[0051] - L1-RSRP: Layer 1 reference signal received power

[0052] - L1-RSRQ: Layer 1 reference signal received quality

[0053] - MAC: Medium Access Control

[0054] - NZP: non-zero power

[0055] - OFDM: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

[0056] - PDCCH: Physical downlink control channel

[0057] - PDSCH: Physical downlink shared channel

[0058] - PMI: precoding matrix indicator

[0059] - RE: resource element

[0060] - RI: Rank indicator

[0061] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0062] - RSSI: Received signal strength indicator

[0063] - Rx: Reception

[0064] - QCL: quasi co-location

[0065] - SINR: signal to interference and noise ratio

[0066] - SSB (or SS / PBCH block): Synchronization signal block (including primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and physical broadcast channel (PBCH))

[0067] - TDM: Time Division Multiplexing

[0068] - TRP: transmission and reception point

[0069] - TRS: Tracking Reference Signal

[0070] - Tx: transmission

[0071] - UE: user equipment

[0072] - ZP: Zero Power

[0073] System General

[0074] As more and more communication devices demand greater communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing radio access technologies (RATs) is emerging. Furthermore, massive machine type communications (MTC), which connects numerous devices and objects to provide diverse services anytime, anywhere, is also a key issue to be considered in next-generation communications. Furthermore, communication system design that considers reliability and latency-sensitive services / terminals is being discussed. Accordingly, the introduction of next-generation RATs that consider enhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC (MMTC), and ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is being discussed. For convenience, these technologies are referred to as NR in this disclosure. NR is an expression representing an example of 5G RAT.

[0075] A new RAT system, including NR, uses OFDM or a similar transmission scheme. The new RAT system may follow OFDM parameters different from those of LTE. Alternatively, the new RAT system may follow the existing LTE / LTE-A numerology but support a larger system bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz). Alternatively, a single cell may support multiple numerologies. That is, terminals operating under different numerologies can coexist within a single cell.

[0076] A numerology corresponds to a single subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain. Different numerologies can be defined by scaling the reference subcarrier spacing by an integer N.

[0077] Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0078] Referring to Fig. 1, the NG-RAN consists of gNBs that provide NG-RA (NG-Radio Access) user plane (i.e., new AS (access stratum) sublayer / PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) / RLC (radio link control) / MAC / PHY) and control plane (RRC) protocol termination for UE. The gNBs are interconnected via Xn interfaces. The gNBs are also connected to the NGC (New Generation Core) via the NG interface. More specifically, the gNBs are connected to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) via the N2 interface and to the UPF (User Plane Function) via the N3 interface.

[0079] FIG. 2 illustrates a frame structure in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0080] NR systems can support multiple numerologies. Numerologies can be defined by subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. Multiple subcarrier spacings can be derived by scaling the base (reference) subcarrier spacing by an integer N (or μ). Furthermore, even if it is assumed that very low subcarrier spacing is not used at very high carrier frequencies, the numerology used can be selected independently of the frequency band. Furthermore, NR systems can support various frame structures corresponding to multiple numerologies.

[0081] Below, we examine OFDM numerologies and frame structures that can be considered in NR systems. The various OFDM numerologies supported in NR systems can be defined as shown in Table 1 below.

[0082] μΔf=2 μ ·15 [kHz]CP015 Normal 130 Normal 260 Normal, Extended 3120 Normal 4240 Normal

[0083] NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, it supports a wide area in traditional cellular bands, when the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, it supports dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth, and when the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, it supports a bandwidth larger than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise. The NR frequency band is defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). FR1 and FR2 can be configured as shown in Table 2 below. In addition, FR2 can mean millimeter wave (mmW).

[0084] Frequency Range Designation Corresponding Frequency Range Subcarrier Spacing FR1410MHz - 7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR224250MHz - 52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0085] Regarding the frame structure in the NR system, the sizes of the various fields in the time domain are T c =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) is expressed as a multiple of the time unit. Here, Δf max =480·10 3 Hz, and N f =4096. Downlink and uplink transmissions are T f =1 / (Δf max N f / 100)·T c = It is organized into radio frames with a duration of 10ms. Here, each radio frame is T sf =(Δf max N f / 1000)·T c = It consists of 10 subframes with a duration of 1ms. In this case, there may be one set of frames for uplink and one set of frames for downlink. In addition, transmission in uplink frame number i from a terminal is T earlier than the start of the corresponding downlink frame from the terminal. TA =(N TA +N TA,offset )T c It should start before. For the subcarrier spacing configuration μ, slots are n within a subframe. s μ ∈{0,..., N slot subframe,μ-1} are numbered in increasing order, and n within a radio frame. s,f μ ∈{0,..., N slot frame,μ -1} are numbered in increasing order. One slot is N symb slot It consists of consecutive OFDM symbols, and N symb slot is determined by CP. Slot n in subframe s μ The start of OFDM symbol n in the same subframe s μ N symb slot are aligned temporally with the start of the OFDM signal. Not all terminals can transmit and receive simultaneously, which means that not all OFDM symbols in a downlink slot or uplink slot can be utilized.

[0086] Table 3 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot in a general CP (N symb slot ), the number of slots per wireless frame (N slot frame,μ ), number of slots per subframe (N slot subframe,μ), and Table 4 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot in the extended CP, the number of slots per radio frame, and the number of slots per subframe.

[0087] μN symb slot N slot frame,μ N slot subframe,μ01410111420221440431480841416016

[0088] μN symb slot N slot frame,μ N slot subframe,μ212404

[0089] FIG. 2 is an example when μ=2 (SCS is 60 kHz), and referring to Table 3, 1 subframe can include 4 slots. 1 subframe={1,2,4} slot illustrated in FIG. 2 is an example, and the number of slot(s) that can be included in 1 subframe is defined as in Table 3 or Table 4. In addition, a mini-slot can include 2, 4, or 7 symbols, or more or fewer symbols. With respect to physical resources in an NR system, antenna ports, resource grids, resource elements, resource blocks, carrier parts, etc. can be considered.

[0090] Hereinafter, the physical resources that can be considered in the NR system will be examined in detail. First, with respect to antenna ports, antenna ports are defined such that the channel through which a symbol on the antenna port is carried can be inferred from the channel through which another symbol on the same antenna port is carried. If the large-scale property of the channel through which a symbol on one antenna port is carried can be inferred from the channel through which a symbol on another antenna port is carried, then two antenna ports can be said to have a QC / QCL (quasi co-located or quasi co-location) relationship. Here, the large-scale property includes one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and received timing.

[0091] Fig. 3 illustrates a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied. Referring to Fig. 3, the resource grid is N in the frequency domain. RB μ N sc RB It consists of subcarriers, and one subframe is 14·2 μ It is described as an example, but not limited to, that it consists of OFDM symbols. In an NR system, the transmitted signal is N RB μ N sc RB One or more resource grids consisting of subcarriers and 2 μ N symb (μ) is described by OFDM symbols. Here, N RB μ ≤N RB max,μ is. The above NRB max,μ represents the maximum transmission bandwidth, which may vary not only between numerologies but also between uplink and downlink. In this case, one resource grid may be configured for each μ and antenna port p. Each element of the resource grid for μ and antenna port p is referred to as a resource element and is uniquely identified by an index pair (k, l').

[0092] Here, k=0,...,N RB μ N sc RB -1 is the index in the frequency domain, and l'=0,...,2 μ N symb (μ) -1 indicates the position of the symbol within the subframe. When referring to a resource element in a slot, an index pair (k,l) is used. Here, l=0,...,N symb μ -1. The resource element (k,l') for μ and antenna port p is a complex value a k,l' (p,μ) . If there is no risk of confusion or if a particular antenna port or numerology is not specified, the indices p and μ can be dropped, resulting in a complex value of a k,l' (p) or a k,l' This can be. Also, a resource block (RB) is N in the frequency domain. sc RB =12 is defined as consecutive subcarriers.

[0093] Point A serves as a common reference point of the resource block grid and is obtained as follows.

[0094] - offsetToPointA for the Primary Cell (PCell) downlink represents the frequency offset between point A and the lowest subcarrier of the lowest resource block overlapping the SS / PBCH block used by the UE for initial cell selection. It is expressed in resource block units assuming 15 kHz subcarrier spacing for FR1 and 60 kHz subcarrier spacing for FR2.

[0095] - absoluteFrequencyPointA represents the frequency-position of point A expressed as ARFCN (absolute radio-frequency channel number).

[0096] Common resource blocks (CRBs) are numbered from 0 upwards in the frequency domain for a subcarrier spacing setting μ. The center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for a subcarrier spacing setting μ coincides with 'point A'. Common resource block number n in the frequency domain CRB μ The relationship between the resource elements (k, l) and the subcarrier spacing setting μ is given by the following mathematical expression 1.

[0097]

[0098] In Equation 1, k is defined relative to point A such that k = 0 corresponds to the subcarrier centered at point A. Physical resource blocks are numbered from 0 to N within the bandwidth part (BWP). BWP,i size,μ -Numbered from -1, where i is the number of BWP. Physical resource block n in BWP i PRB and common resource block n CRB The relationship between them is given by the mathematical formula 2 below.

[0099]

[0100] N BWP,i start,μ is a common resource block where BWP starts relative to common resource block 0.

[0101] FIG. 4 illustrates a physical resource block in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied. FIG. 5 illustrates a slot structure in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0102] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, a slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes seven symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot includes six symbols.

[0103] A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks in the frequency domain, and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can comprise up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed through activated BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for a single terminal. Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), to which one complex symbol can be mapped.

[0104] The NR system can support up to 400 MHz per component carrier (CC). If a terminal operating in such a wideband CC always operates with the radio frequency (RF) chip for the entire CC turned on, the terminal battery consumption may increase. Alternatively, when considering multiple use cases operating within a single wideband CC (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, Mmtc, V2X, etc.), different numerologies (e.g., subcarrier spacing, etc.) may be supported for each frequency band within the CC. Alternatively, each terminal may have different maximum bandwidth capabilities. Considering this, the base station can instruct the terminal to operate only in a portion of the bandwidth of the wideband CC, rather than the entire bandwidth. This portion of bandwidth is conveniently defined as the bandwidth part (BWP). A BWP can be composed of consecutive RBs on the frequency axis and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, slot / mini-slot interval).

[0105] Meanwhile, a base station can configure multiple BWPs even within a single CC configured for a terminal. For example, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency domain can be configured in a PDCCH monitoring slot, while the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH can be scheduled on a larger BWP.

[0106] Alternatively, if UEs are concentrated in a specific BWP, some UEs can be assigned to different BWPs for load balancing. Alternatively, considering frequency domain inter-cell interference cancellation between neighboring cells, some spectrum in the middle of the total bandwidth can be excluded and both BWPs can be assigned within the same slot. In other words, the base station can assign at least one DL / UL BWP to UEs associated with a wideband CC.

[0107] The base station can activate at least one DL / UL BWP among the DL / UL BWP(s) configured at a specific point in time (by L1 signaling or MAC CE (Control Element) or RRC signaling, etc.). In addition, the base station can instruct switching to another configured DL / UL BWP (by L1 signaling or MAC CE or RRC signaling, etc.). Alternatively, switching to a designated DL / UL BWP may be performed when a timer value expires based on a timer. In this case, the activated DL / UL BWP is defined as an active DL / UL BWP. However, since the UE may not receive the configuration for the DL / UL BWP when performing the initial access process or before the RRC connection is set up, the DL / UL BWP assumed by the UE in such a situation is defined as the initially active DL / UL BWP.

[0108] FIG. 6 illustrates physical channels used in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied and a general signal transmission and reception method using the same.

[0109] In wireless communication systems, terminals receive information from a base station via the downlink and transmit it to the base station via the uplink. The information transmitted and received between the base station and terminals includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information being transmitted and received.

[0110] When the terminal is powered on or enters a new cell, it performs an initial cell search operation, such as synchronizing with the base station (S601). To this end, the terminal receives a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (PSS) from the base station to synchronize with the base station and obtain information such as a cell identifier (ID). Afterwards, the terminal can receive a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) from the base station to obtain broadcast information within the cell. Meanwhile, the terminal can receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) during the initial cell search phase to check the downlink channel status.

[0111] A terminal that has completed an initial cell search can obtain more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to information carried in the PDCCH (S602).

[0112] Meanwhile, when accessing a base station for the first time or when there are no radio resources for signal transmission, the terminal may perform a random access procedure (RACH) with the base station (steps S603 to S606). To this end, the terminal may transmit a specific sequence as a preamble via the random access channel (RACH) (steps S603 and S605) and receive a response message to the preamble via the PDCCH and the corresponding PDSCH (steps S604 and S606). In the case of a contention-based RACH, a contention resolution procedure may additionally be performed.

[0113] The terminal that has performed the procedure described above can then perform PDCCH / PDSCH reception (S607) and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) / physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission (S608) as general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedures. In particular, the terminal receives downlink control information (DCI) through the PDCCH. Here, DCI includes control information such as resource allocation information for the terminal, and its format varies depending on its intended use.

[0114] Meanwhile, the control information that the terminal transmits to the base station via the uplink or that the terminal receives from the base station includes downlink / uplink ACK / NACK (Acknowledgement / Non-Acknowledgement) signals, CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indicator), etc. In the case of the 3GPP LTE system, the terminal can transmit the above-described control information such as CQI / PMI / RI via PUSCH and / or PUCCH.

[0115] Table 5 shows an example of the DCI format in the NR system.

[0116] DCI Format Utilization 0_0 Scheduling of PUSCH within a cell 0_1 Scheduling of one or multiple PUSCH within a cell, or indicating cell group (CG: cell group) downlink feedback information to the UE 0_2 Scheduling of PUSCH within a cell 1_0 Scheduling of PDSCH within a DL cell 1_1 Scheduling of PDSCH within a cell 1_2 Scheduling of PDSCH within a cell

[0117] Referring to Table 5, DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, and 0_2 may include resource information related to scheduling of PUSCH (e.g., UL / SUL (Supplementary UL), frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, frequency hopping, etc.), transport block (TB) related information (e.g., MCS (Modulation Coding and Scheme), NDI (New Data Indicator), RV (Redundancy Version), etc.), HARQ (Hybrid - Automatic Repeat and request) related information (e.g., process number, DAI (Downlink Assignment Index), PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), multi-antenna related information (e.g., DMRS sequence initialization information, antenna port, CSI request, etc.), power control information (e.g., PUSCH power control, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format may be predefined.

[0118] DCI format 0_0 is used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell. The information included in DCI format 0_0 is transmitted after being CRC (cyclic redundancy check) scrambled by the cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI), the configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), or the modulation coding scheme cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI). DCI format 0_1 ​​is used to schedule one or more PUSCHs in a cell, or to indicate configured grant (CG) downlink feedback information to a UE. The information included in DCI format 0_1 ​​is transmitted after being CRC scrambled by the C-RNTI, the CS-RNTI, the semi-persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), or the MCS-C-RNTI. DCI format 0_2 is used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell. Information included in DCI format 0_2 is transmitted CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0119] Next, DCI formats 1_0, 1_1, and 1_2 may include resource information related to scheduling of PDSCH (e.g., frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, virtual resource block (VRB)-physical resource block (PRB) mapping, etc.), transport block (TB) related information (e.g., MCS, NDI, RV, etc.), HARQ related information (e.g., process number, DAI, PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), multi-antenna related information (e.g., antenna port, transmission configuration indicator (TCI), sounding reference signal (SRS) request, etc.), PUCCH related information (e.g., PUCCH power control, PUCCH resource indicator, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format may be predefined.

[0120] DCI format 1_0 is used for scheduling PDSCH in a DL cell. The information contained in DCI format 1_0 is CRC-scrambled and transmitted using C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0121] DCI format 1_1 is used for scheduling PDSCH in a single cell. The information contained in DCI format 1_1 is CRC-scrambled and transmitted using C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0122] DCI format 1_2 is used for scheduling PDSCH in a single cell. The information contained in DCI format 1_2 is CRC-scrambled and transmitted using C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0123] NES (network energy saving) technology

[0124] Energy conservation at base stations is considered important in wireless communication systems, including 3GPP, because it can contribute to building eco-friendly networks by reducing carbon emissions and reducing operational expenditure (OPEX) for telecommunications companies.

[0125] In particular, the introduction of NR communications requires higher transmission rates, necessitating base stations to be equipped with more antennas and provide services across wider bandwidths and frequency bands. Consequently, recent studies have shown that base station energy costs can account for as much as 20% of total operating expenses (OPEX). Accordingly, various technologies, known as NES, are being adopted to reduce energy consumption, and the standardization of related technologies is expected to continue.

[0126] Depending on the application of NES technology, the base station can perform operations such as controlling on / off for a certain duration in the time domain, controlling transmission / reception resources for UE-common or UE-specific signals / channels, changing the amount of frequency domain resources, controlling transmission power, or turning on / off antenna ports, transmission-reception points (TRPs), etc. in the spatial domain.

[0127] Referring to Figure 7, the base station can identify the NES solution(s) to be applied (S105). The NES solution(s) may be related to signal transmission and reception control (e.g., on / off), beam operation, handover procedures, channel measurement, and reporting. The NES solution(s) to be applied can be adaptively selected or predefined based on current conditions (e.g., cell load level, characteristics of connected terminals, etc.).

[0128] A base station that has identified NES solution(s) can perform signaling for the NES (S110). The specific signaling procedure may vary depending on the identified NES solution(s). For example, the base station may transmit common information about the NES solution(s), transmit configuration information necessary for NES operation to at least one terminal, or transmit control information regarding the progress of NES operation to at least one terminal. In addition, the base station may receive capability information related to the NES from at least one terminal.

[0129] Thereafter, the base station can perform operations for the NES (S115). At this time, the base station can perform operations for the NES based on the previously performed signaling. That is, based on the system information, configuration information, and control information transmitted through the signaling, the base station can turn on / off the transmission and reception of specific signals, turn on / off elements in the spatial domain, or adjust resources for the transmission and reception of measurement signals.

[0130] Through a procedure similar to that shown in Fig. 7, NES technology can be implemented. Examples of NES solutions that can be implemented through a procedure similar to that shown in Fig. 7 are as follows.

[0131] Intra-system energy saving solution: A RAN node can request a neighboring RAN node to switch at least one SSB beam into its inactive cell, or can perform paging using a limited set of beams to inactive terminals (e.g., stationary terminals).

[0132] Inter-system energy saving solution: NG-RAN nodes that own capacity booster cells can autonomously transition those cells to an inactive state.

[0133] SSB-less SCell solution: If SSB or SMTC (SSB-based RRM measurement timing configuration) configuration is not provided for the SCell, the UE can obtain timing reference and AGC source from another serving cell. In FR1 or FR2, the base station can configure intra-band CA or inter-band CA including the SCell without SSB transmission, in which case the SSB / SIB transmission can be triggered by the UE's wake-up signal (WUS). This increases the period of common channels / signals such as SSB, allowing the base station to remain in the sleep state for a longer period of time.

[0134] Cell DTX / DRX Solution: In order to reduce the downlink transmission / uplink reception activity time of a base station, a common periodic cell DTX / DRX pattern (e.g., active and inactive periods) can be set for terminals within a cell having the corresponding feature. Here, the cell DTX pattern and the cell DRX pattern can be set and activated separately, and up to two cell DTX / DRX patterns can be set per MAC entity. When cell DTX is set and activated, at least one of monitoring for SPS opportunities or monitoring PDCCH can be stopped during the cell DTX inactivity period. When cell DRX is set and activated, at least one of transmission on CG resources or SR transmission can be stopped during the cell DRX inactivity period. Cell DTX / DRX can be activated / deactivated via RRC signaling or L1 group common signaling.

[0135] Parameters such as active duration and cycle may be configured for cell DTX / DRX. The active duration is the period during which the UE receives a PDCCH or SPS opportunity and waits to transmit SR or CG, and the cycle specifies the periodic repetition of the active duration and inactive duration. When both cell DTX and cell DRX are configured, parameters such as active duration and cycle are common. If the base station recognizes an emergency call or a public safety-related service (e.g., MPS or MCS), the network may release or deactivate the cell DTX / DRX configuration so as not to affect the service. In addition, at least some overlap is required between the active duration of the connected mode DRX of the UE and the active duration of the cell DTX / DRX. For example, the connected mode DRX cycle of the UE may be a multiple of the cell DTX / DRX cycle, or vice versa.

[0136] Conditional handover (CHO) solution: A CHO procedure is used when the UE determines whether to execute a handover, while NES technology is applied (e.g., when the cell activates or deactivates cell DTX / DRX). In this case, the UE can use NES-specific CHO events to initiate CHO to a candidate cell, and the reception of a DCI that activates the CHO condition(s) set by the NES event indication can be applied as an additional triggering condition for this.

[0137] Spatial and Power Domain Adaptation Solution: To support gNBs for transceiver muting and / or transmit power adaptation, a UE may be configured to report multiple CSI entries in a CSI report based on multiple sub-configurations. Each sub-configuration corresponds to a spatial domain adaptation pattern (e.g., a subset of available spatial elements) and / or a power offset between a data channel (e.g., PDSCH) and CSI-RS. Depending on the application of the spatial and power domain adaptation solution, the CSI configuration, measurement, and / or reporting behavior may be affected.

[0138] SSB-less SCell solution

[0139] Below, we specifically describe the SSB-less SCell solution among the NES solutions.

[0140] Referring to FIG. 8, the base station can transmit configuration information for the SCell to the terminal (S205). That is, the base station can transmit configuration information for CA to provide a service to the terminal through CA operation. Here, the CA operation may be intra-band CA or inter-band CA. For example, the configuration information for the SCell may include information including information for adding the SCell (e.g., sCellToAddModList), and specifically, may include a cell index, a physical cell identifier, information related to DL-UL configuration, information related to BWP, information related to cell DTX / DRX, information related to downlink frequency (e.g., FrequencyInfoDL), etc.

[0141] The terminal can verify parameters for an SSB-less SCell based on configuration information (S210). Specifically, the terminal can verify that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell based on information related to the downlink frequency included in the configuration information, and can verify related parameters. For example, the terminal can determine that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell by verifying the presence of a parameter indicating that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell (e.g., SSBlessSCell), and can verify the timing reference and AGC source for the SCell based on information about the reference cell (e.g., referenceCell). In the case of FIG. 8, the reference cell may be the PCell. Therefore, the terminal can use the PCell as a timing reference and AGC source for communication on the SCell.

[0142] The terminal can determine settings for CA operation (S215). Then, the terminal can perform communication using the PCell and SCell of the base station (S220, S225).

[0143] Adaptation of common signal / channel transmission

[0144] When a common signal / channel is transmitted using the on-demand SSB transmission method, the energy consumption of the base station can be significantly reduced. For example, the base station can transmit SSB on specific cells where the on-demand SSB process is applied, and not transmit SSB on cells where the on-demand SSB process is not applied. In other words, the base station can initially not perform SSB transmission and only perform SSB transmission when the on-demand SSB process is involved.

[0145] However, if SSB, which performs functions such as time / frequency synchronization or RRM measurement, is not transmitted, stable operation of the cell may not be guaranteed from the perspective of the terminal. Considering this, the base station can adjust the transmission of common signals / channels such as SSB, PRACH, and paging. For example, the energy consumption of the base station can be reduced by changing the transmission pattern of SSB (e.g., transmission period, period per SSB candidate index(es), SSB candidate index(es) transmitted within one transmission period, transmission power, etc.) according to the situation.

[0146] For example, in the case of contention-based random access, since the base station does not know the PRACH transmission timing of the terminal, it may attempt to use the PRACH resources from the configured PRACH resources every time, which may increase energy consumption. Considering this, a method for adjusting the amount of PRACH resources can be applied, thereby controlling the energy of the base station. For example, the period of the PRACH resources can be adjusted, the set to be activated among the preset PRACH resource sets #1 and #2 can be indicated, or the amount of RACH resources corresponding to each SSB index can be provided uniformly or non-uniformly.

[0147] PRACH transmission method and parameters

[0148] Before initiating a physical random access procedure, Layer 1 (e.g., Physical Layer) may receive a set of SS / PBCH block indices from upper layers and provide only the corresponding set of RSRP measurements to upper layers.

[0149] Before the physical random access procedure begins, Layer 1 may receive the following information from the upper layer:

[0150] - Setting PRACH transmission parameters (e.g., PRACH preamble format, time resources, frequency resources for PRACH transmission).

[0151] - Parameters for determining the root sequence and cyclic shift in the PRACH preamble sequence set (index to the logical root sequence table, cyclic shift (N CS ), set type (no restrictions, restricted set A or restricted set B).

[0152] From a physical layer perspective, a Type-1 L1 random access procedure may include transmitting a random access preamble (Msg1) on the PRACH, a random access response (RAR) message containing PDCCH / PDSCH (Msg2), a PUSCH transmission reserved by a RAR UL grant if applicable, and a PDSCH transmission for contention resolution. From a physical layer perspective, a Type-2 L1 random access procedure may include transmitting a random access preamble on the PRACH, transmitting a PUSCH (MsgA), receiving a RAR message containing PDCCH / PDSCH (MsgB), and transmitting a PUSCH reserved by a fallback RAR UL grant if applicable, and a PDSCH transmission for contention resolution. If a UE is configured with two UL carriers for its serving cell and detects a PDCCH order, the UE can use the UL / SUL indicator field value of the detected PDCCH order to determine the UL carrier for the corresponding PRACH transmission.

[0153] When a random access procedure for a UE is initiated by a PDCCH command, the PRACH transmission may use the same SCS as the PRACH transmission initiated from a higher layer.

[0154] The physical random access procedure for a terminal may be triggered by a PRACH transmission request from a higher layer or a PDCCH command for a cell. The configuration information for PRACH transmission by the higher layer may include at least one of a configuration for PRACH transmission on a cell, a preamble index, a preamble SCS, power for PRACH transmission, information related to an RA-RNTI corresponding to the PRACH transmission, PRACH resources for the cell, and the number of preamble repetitions for the PRACH transmission.

[0155] The terminal may transmit the PRACH in the cell using the selected PRACH format through the resource set determined using the same spatial filter in case of the indicated PRACH resource or preamble repeat transmission, and the transmission power is P PRACH,b,f,c (i) may be.

[0156] For a Type 1 random access procedure, a UE may be provided with N SS / PBCH block (e.g., SSB) indices associated with a PRACH occasion and R contention-based preambles per SS / PBCH block index for each valid PRACH occasion. For a Type 2 random access procedure with a common set of PRACH opportunities, a UE may be provided with N SS / PBCH block indices associated with a PRACH occasion and Q contention-based preambles per SS / PBCH block index for each valid PRACH occasion. A PRACH transmission may be performed in a subset of PRACH opportunities associated with the same SS / PBCH block index within an SSB-RO mapping period for a UE provided with a PRACH mask index.

[0157] System Information Block (SIB)1 or SS / PBCH block index can be mapped to valid PRACH cases in the following order:

[0158] i) First, the increasing order of the preamble index within a single PRACH opportunity.

[0159] ii Second, ascending order of frequency resource index for frequency multiplexed PRACH opportunities.

[0160] iii) Third, ascending order of time resource index for time-multiplexed PRACH opportunities within a PRACH slot.

[0161] iv) Fourth, ascending order of index for PRACH slots

[0162] The association period starting from frame 0 for mapping SS / PBCH block indices to PRACH opportunities is the smallest integer in the set determined by the PRACH setup period according to Table 6. An SS / PBCH block index can be mapped to a PRACH opportunity at least once within the association period. After an integer number of SS / PBCH block indices for PRACH opportunity mapping cycles within the association period. If there is a PRACH opportunity or a PRACH preamble set that is not mapped to an SS / PBCH block index, the SS / PBCH block index may not be mapped to a PRACH opportunity or a PRACH preamble set.

[0163] PRACH setup period (msec) Association period (number of PRACH setup periods) 10 {1, 2, 4, 8, 16} 20 {1, 2, 4, 8} 40 {1, 2, 4} 80 {1, 2} 160 {1}

[0164] The association pattern period may include one or more association periods, and the pattern between the PRACH opportunity and the SS / PBCH block index may be determined to repeat at most every 160 msec. After an integer number of association periods, PRACH epochs that are not associated with the SS / PBCH block index may not be used for PRACH transmission. PRACH opportunities may be consecutively mapped per corresponding SS / PBCH block index. The indexing of the PRACH opportunity indicated by the mask index value may be reset at every mapping period of consecutive PRACH opportunities per SS / PBCH block index. The UE may select the PRACH opportunity indicated by the PRACH mask index value for the indicated SS / PBCH block index in the first available mapping period for PRACH transmission.

[0165] For the indicated preamble index, the order of PRACH opportunities is:

[0166] - First, the ascending order of the index of frequency resources for frequency multiplexed PRACH opportunities.

[0167] - Second, ascending order of time resource index for time-multiplexed PRACH opportunities within a PRACH slot.

[0168] - Third, the index for the PRACH slot can be in ascending order.

[0169] For a PRACH transmission using a specific number of preamble repetitions, the set associated with the preamble repetition transmissions consists of a specific number of valid PRACH opportunities that are temporally consecutive, use the same frequency resources, and are associated with the same one or more SS / PBCH block indices, and each SS / PBCH block index can be associated with the same preamble index in all valid PRACH opportunities within the set.

[0170] How to set up and transmit PRACH resources for NES

[0171] In a basic wireless communication system, equal amounts of RACH opportunities (ROs) can be allocated across different SSB beam indices. When terminals are clustered within a specific area within the coverage area of ​​a specific base station, each terminal may access the RO corresponding to the SSB beam index with the best reception from its current location, potentially resulting in initial access delays. This creates a need to address the issue of requiring more ROs for certain SSB beams / indexes than for others.

[0172] Hereinafter, a method for differently setting the amount of RACH resources mapped to different SSB beam directions within a specific PRACH configuration and an SSB-to-RO mapping pattern of an adaptive RO additionally defined / set according to a PRACH spatial domain adaptation method will be described. In describing the present disclosure, an RO may also be expressed as a PRACH occasion.

[0173] In describing the present disclosure, the description related to RACH opportunities may be primarily applied to, but not limited to, a 4-step RACH procedure (or a Type-1 RACH procedure). The description related to RACH opportunities may also be applied to a 2-step RACH procedure (or a Type-2 RACH procedure) (e.g., RO and / or PUSCH opportunities in a 2-step RACH procedure, etc.).

[0174] Additionally, in describing the present disclosure, an NES RO (or adaptive RO) may be a set of RACH opportunities established through an additional RACH configuration separate from the basic (or legacy) RACH configuration. Additionally or alternatively, an NES RO may also mean all or some of the SSB beams / indexes used within the cell and the RO(s) on which SSB-to-RO mapping is performed.

[0175] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a terminal to perform a communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0176] The terminal can receive upper layer signaling from the base station including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO (S910).

[0177] Here, the first configuration information may include information about the number of at least one first RO and at least one second RO. Additionally, the upper layer signaling may include second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and at least one second RO. And, the configuration information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal via upper layer signaling (e.g., SIB, RRC signaling, MAC message, etc.). In describing the present disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be at least one of system information (e.g., SIB_x (x is a natural number greater than or equal to 1)), RRC signaling, and MAC message.

[0178] For example, the offset for at least one first RO may include an offset of a lowest RO in the frequency domain relative to physical resource block (PRB) 0 among the at least one first RO. Additionally, the offset for at least one second RO may include an offset of a lowest RO in the frequency domain relative to PRB 0 among the at least one second RO.

[0179] However, this is only one embodiment, and the offset for at least one first RO may include a frame offset, a subframe / slot offset, etc. for at least one first RO. Additionally, the offset for at least one second RO may include a frame offset, a subframe / slot offset, etc. for at least one second RO.

[0180] Additionally, at least one second RO may include an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB). That is, the terminal may receive first configuration information from the base station related to at least one second RO including an additional RO to be mapped / assigned to a specific SSB. In the context of the present disclosure, the additional RO may correspond to a NES RO, an adaptive RO, etc.

[0181] For example, the sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and at least one second RO may be less than or equal to a threshold. As another example, if the sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and the at least one second RO allocated by the first configuration information exceeds the threshold, the terminal may consider / interpret some of the at least one second RO as invalid ROs. Accordingly, the sum of the numbers of valid ROs among the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO may be less than or equal to a threshold.

[0182] At least one first RO and at least one second second RO may be frequency domain multiplexed on one time instance, wherein the time instance may be, but is not limited to, an association period or a pattern period in the time domain.

[0183] As an example of the present disclosure, the first configuration information may include configuration information related to at least one first RO (e.g., basic PRACH configuration information) and configuration information related to at least one second RO (e.g., additional / adaptive PRACH configuration information). For example, configuration information related to each of the first RO and the second RO may be included in upper layer signaling.

[0184] Additionally or alternatively, at least one configuration information related to a first RO may be included in the first higher layer signaling, and at least one configuration information related to a second RO may be included in the second higher layer signaling. That is, the terminal may receive from the base station higher layer signaling related to the first RO (e.g., higher layer signaling including basic PRACH configuration information) and higher layer signaling related to the second RO (e.g., higher layer signaling including additional / adaptive PRACH configuration information).

[0185] A terminal may transmit capability (information) related to an additional RO to the terminal. The capability information related to the additional RO may include capability information related to supporting NES mode, capability information related to supporting at least one second RO, capability information related to supporting spatial domain adaptation, etc. Only a terminal having capability information related to an additional RO may decode configuration information (or higher layer signaling) related to at least one second RO.

[0186] As an example of the present disclosure, a terminal may transmit to a base station information requesting at least one second RO associated with a specific SSB. That is, the terminal may transmit to the base station information / signal requesting (configuration) information related to at least one second RO for a direction corresponding to a specific SSB beam. In this case, the first configuration information may be based on the information requesting at least one second RO.

[0187] For example, information requesting at least one second RO may be transmitted from the terminal to the base station via at least one of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or a physical random access channel (PRACH).

[0188] In another example of the present disclosure, information requesting at least one second RO may be included in a signal requesting an on-demand system information block. For example, a terminal may transmit a signal requesting an on-demand system information block including information requesting at least one second RO to a base station. Accordingly, the terminal may receive upper layer signaling from the base station that includes information related to at least one second RO. Here, the upper layer signaling may include system information including information related to the first RO or system information related to the second RO.

[0189] The terminal can transmit a preamble to the base station in all or part of at least one first RO and at least one second RO (S920).

[0190] As an example of the present disclosure, at least one first RO and at least one second RO may be mapped to a specific SSB based on the first configuration information and / or the second configuration information. The terminal may transmit a preamble to the base station on all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO.

[0191] For example, a terminal may receive information from a base station regarding an RO to be used for transmission of a preamble among at least one first RO or at least one second RO. The terminal may perform preamble transmission based on the information regarding the RO to be used for transmission of the preamble.

[0192] Additionally or alternatively, based on third configuration information related to a network energy saving mode being transmitted from the base station to the terminal, the terminal may perform preamble transmission based on at least one second RO. For example, based on receiving third configuration information from the base station that includes information related to activating (or turning on) the NES mode, the terminal may perform preamble transmission based on the first RO and / or the second RO. As another example, based on receiving third configuration information from the base station that includes information related to deactivating (or turning off) the NES mode, the terminal may perform preamble transmission in the first RO.

[0193] The method described in the example of FIG. 9 may be performed by the first device (100) of FIG. 12. For example, one or more processors (102) of the first device (100) of FIG. 12 may receive, from a base station, via one or more transceivers (106), upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first RO and at least one second RO. The one or more processors (102) may transmit, to the base station, a preamble in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, via one or more transceivers (160).

[0194] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store commands for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 9 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (102).

[0195] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a base station to perform a communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0196] The base station can transmit upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first RO and at least one second RO to the terminal (S1010).

[0197] As an example of the present disclosure, when information requesting at least one second RO associated with a specific SSB is received from a terminal, the base station may transmit to the terminal a higher layer signaling including configuration information associated with at least one second RO. The configuration of the higher layer signaling and configuration information has been described with reference to FIG. 9, and therefore, a redundant description will be omitted.

[0198] The base station can receive a preamble from the terminal in all or part of at least one first RO and at least one second RO (S1020).

[0199] For example, a base station may transmit to a terminal information regarding which of at least one first RO or at least one second RO is to be used for transmitting a preamble. Based on the information, the base station may receive a preamble from the terminal in all or part of at least one first RO and at least one second RO.

[0200] The method described in the example of FIG. 10 may be performed by the second device (200) of FIG. 12. For example, one or more processors (202) of the second device (200) of FIG. 12 may transmit upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first RO and at least one second RO to the terminal via one or more transceivers (206). The one or more transceivers (202) may receive a preamble from the terminal via one or more transceivers (206) in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO.

[0201] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 10 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0202] Below, we will specifically describe the frequency / time offset for PRACH configuration, the period for PRACH spatial domain, and the procedure for PRACH spatial domain adaptation.

[0203] Example 1

[0204] Embodiment 1 relates to information and procedures related to frequency offsets for PRACH configuration. A method may be applied to configure RACH resources to be additionally mapped to specific SSB beams / indexes for PRACH spatial domain adaptation in an FDM format with basic (or legacy) ROs allocated by the basic PRACH configuration.

[0205] Example 1-1

[0206] Example 1-1 relates to a method in which adaptive FDM-enabled ROs are configured to be FDM'd with base ROs based on a specific period (e.g., an associated (or pattern) period).

[0207] The base station can configure / instruct the terminal to specify the SSB beam / index that requires spatial domain adaptation via higher-layer signaling (e.g., SIB1, RRC message, etc.). Additionally, the base station can configure / instruct the terminal to specify the frequency value for adaptive RO via higher-layer signaling.

[0208] The terminal can perform SSB-to-RO mapping after configuring the time / frequency resources of the basic RO according to the PRACH configuration. Subsequently, the terminal can be defined to additionally configure an adaptive RO to be mapped to a specific SSB beam / index by applying a frequency offset value indicated by the base station.

[0209] Specifically, the frequency offset value set / indicated by the base station can be defined as the PRB (or subcarrier) offset from the starting (or last) PRB of the RO located at the highest (or lowest) frequency within the RACH slot set by the basic PRACH configuration to the starting PRB of the RO located at the lowest frequency among the adaptive ROs.

[0210] Additionally or alternatively, the base station may configure / instruct the terminal the number of ROs that can be additionally FDM'd in the frequency domain (e.g., the number of adaptive ROs that are FDM'd at a specific point in time, rather than the number of adaptive ROs within a specific period). In this case, in order to avoid RA-RNTI shortage, the base station may allocate ROs to the terminal such that the sum of the number of basic ROs by the basic PRACH configuration and the number of adaptive ROs to be additionally allocated does not exceed 8 FDM'd at a specific point in time.

[0211] Additionally or alternatively, if the sum of the number of basic ROs by the basic PRACH configuration and the number of adaptive ROs to be additionally allocated exceeds 8 at a particular point in time, the terminal may consider the excess of adaptive ROs located at the highest (or lowest) frequency as invalid.

[0212] At this time, the terminal can apply the frequency offset indicated by the base station at a time corresponding to the most prioritized basic RO within a specific period (e.g., an association (pattern) period) in the time domain, and then allocate ROs in a frequency-first / time-second manner as many as the number of (valid) adaptive ROs that are FDMed at the specific time indicated by the base station. Here, the frequency-first / time-second manner refers to a method of first mapping an SSB beam / index to an FDMed RO on a first time resource, and then mapping an SSB beam / index to an FDMed RO on a second time resource after the first time resource.

[0213] Here, the location of the (valid) adaptive RO in the starting domain can be set according to the basic PRACH configuration. Thereafter, the terminal can perform additional SSB-to-RO mapping based on the (valid) adaptive RO, using only specific SSB beams / index(s) that require PRACH spatial domain adaptation.

[0214] At this time, the base station may separately provide the terminal with additional SSB-to-RO mapping parameters to be applied to specific SSB beams / indexes during additional SSB-to-RO mapping. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may perform additional SSB-to-RO mapping by reusing the basic SSB-to-RO mapping parameters indicated in the basic PRACH configuration (e.g., "ssb-perRACH-Occasion" (e.g., number of SSBs per RACH opportunity)) for specific SSB beams / index(s).

[0215] A method for indicating a frequency offset for a NES RO is to define a frequency offset value set / indicated by a base station as a PRB (or subcarrier) offset from the starting (or last) PRB of an RO located at the highest (or lowest) frequency within a RACH slot set by a basic PRACH configuration to the starting RB of an RO located at the lowest frequency among adaptive RO(s).

[0216] Here, the frequency offset for the NES RO may be indicated based on a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 among the parameters included in the RACH parameters (e.g., "RACH-ConfigGeneric") for performing a random access procedure (in the candidate cell) (or the last PRB occupied by the underlying RO).

[0217] Additionally, a method for a base station to configure / instruct a terminal the number of ROs that can be additionally FDM'd in the frequency domain (e.g., the number of adaptive ROs to be FDM'd at a specific point in time, rather than the number of adaptive ROs within a specific period) may include a method for configuring / instructing a terminal for NES RO based on a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FDM") related to the number of FDM'd PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance of a RACH parameter (e.g., "RACH-ConfigGeneric") for performing a random access procedure (in a candidate cell).

[0218] As described above, the RACH parameters for performing a random access procedure (in a candidate cell) may include a parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 (e.g., “msg1-FrequencyStart”) and a parameter related to the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance (e.g., “msg1-FDM”).

[0219] For example, the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance may be, but is not limited to, one of 1, 2, 4, and 8. In addition, the parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 may be set / defined to a value between 0 and “the maximum number of PRBs - 1.”

[0220] Example 1-1-1

[0221] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station can independently configure / instruct the UE for NES RO via higher layer signaling a parameter related to an offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") and / or a parameter(s) related to the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance (e.g., "msg1-FDM"). If the base station does not separately configure / instruct the UE for NES RO the above-described parameter(s), the operation according to Embodiment 1-1-2 can be performed.

[0222] Example 1-1-2

[0223] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the terminal and / or the base station may be configured / defined to reuse for the NES RO a parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the base RO configured / instructed by the base station (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") and / or a parameter related to the number of FDMed PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance (e.g., "msg1-FDM").

[0224] Specifically, parameters related to the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities for a base RO or within a single time instance (e.g., “msg1-FDM”) can be set / defined to be reused in the NES RO.

[0225] Meanwhile, if the parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the basic RO (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") is reused for NES RO, the basic RO and NES RO may fully overlap at a particular time instance. Therefore, the parameter value related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the basic RO may be reused, but the frequency start point to which the value is applied may be re-established.

[0226] For example, it can be defined that the NES RO starts with a PRB value indicated by a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 (a parameter for the basic RO) from the starting (or ending) PRB of the RO located at the highest (or lowest) frequency within the RACH slot set by the basic PRACH configuration.

[0227] Example 1-1-3

[0228] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a combination of Embodiments 1-1-1 and 1-1-2 may be configured for a terminal / base station. For example, a parameter related to the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities within one time instance for a base RO (e.g., "msg1-FDM") may also be reused for a NES RO. The base station may independently configure / instruct the terminal a parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the NES RO (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart").

[0229] As another example, the base station can independently indicate to the terminal a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FDM") related to the number of FDM PRACH transmission opportunities within a single time instance for the NES RO. The parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the underlying RO in the NES RO can be set / defined to be reused based on the new reference point described above.

[0230] Additionally or alternatively, the base station may transmit information to the terminal to set / indicate a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the NES RO. As another example, the parameter may not be separately indicated / set, and a basic parameter (e.g., a parameter related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 for the basic RO) may be defined to be reused.

[0231] At this time, when the parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") value related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 is applied only to the base RO and the NES ROs that are fully / partially overlapped in the time / frequency domain, the starting point can be set / defined to be applied based on the new reference point described above.

[0232] When set / defined as described above, NES ROs may be irregularly allocated in the frequency domain. Therefore, when at least one NES RO overlaps completely / partially with the basic RO in the time / frequency domain, when the value of the parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 is applied for all NES ROs, the starting point may be set to be applied based on the new reference point described above.

[0233] Additionally or alternatively, when a parameter (e.g., "msg1-FrequencyStart") value related to the offset of the lowest PRACH transmission opportunity in the frequency domain for PRB 0 is applied for all NES ROs, regardless of whether the base RO and NES RO overlap completely or partially, the starting point can be set to be applied based on the new reference point described above.

[0234] Example 1-2

[0235] Example 1-2 relates to a method in which an adaptive FDM-enabled RO is configured to be FDM-enabled with ROs mapped to the same SSB beam / index.

[0236] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for differently setting the time domain positions of actual adaptive ROs (similar to Embodiment 1-1) may be applied. In this case, the terminal may set the time domain point of the adaptive RO to be allocated to a specific SSB beam / index based on specific SSB beam / index information requiring PRACH spatial domain adaptation provided from the base station, to an OFDM symbol in which the basic ROs allocated to the specific SSB beam / index are located in the basic PRACH configuration.

[0237] Thereafter, the terminal may be configured to allocate adaptive ROs by applying the frequency offsets indicated by the base station at the determined time points for each specific SSB beam / index. At this time, since the adaptive ROs are mapped to SSB beams / indexes, a separate, additional SSB-to-RO mapping process may not be required.

[0238] When the method according to Example 1-2 is applied, if an SSB beam / index is mapped to the basic RO(s) of the basic PRACH configuration, an adaptive RO allocated to the same SSB beam / index at the same time can be additionally FDMed based on a specific SSB beam / index, so there is an advantage that the basic RO and the adaptive RO allocated to the same SSB beam / index at the same time can be received from the base station reception perspective.

[0239] When there are multiple number of basic ROs assigned to a specific SSB beam / index that require PRACH spatial domain adaptation provided from a base station among the basic ROs set as basic PRACH settings, an adaptive RO may be assigned in FDM manner at the time point of the basic RO that is located earliest in time within a specific period (e.g., association period).

[0240] In addition, when multiple adaptive ROs are allocated, the multiple adaptive ROs may be configured to be allocated in the FDM manner at the same time as the time at which the adaptive ROs are set. Additionally or alternatively, by allocating adaptive ROs starting from the time-based RO located earliest within a specific period (e.g., an association period), legacy ROs allocated to the same SSB beam / index at different time points by the number of adaptive ROs allocated by the base station may be selected and configured / defined to be allocated adaptive ROs.

[0241] Additionally or alternatively, the adaptive RO(s) can be configured / defined to be allocated in FDM with the basic ROs assigned to the same SSB beam / index by applying the frequency first / time second method (or time first / frequency second method) based on values ​​set by the base station (e.g., number of adaptive ROs to be FDM'd at a specific point in time).

[0242] Example 1-3

[0243] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method / parameter according to the above-described embodiment(s) (e.g., embodiment 1-1, embodiment 1-1-1, embodiment 1-1-2, embodiment 1-2, etc.) can also be applied in a SBFD (Subband-wise full duplex) environment.

[0244] For example, a base station can configure / instruct a terminal to configure / instruct a basic (or legacy) RO and an additional RO through a basic (or legacy) PRACH configuration. At this time, the RO configured / instructed through the basic PRACH configuration can be distinguished into a basic RO and an additional RO depending on the location of the RO.

[0245] That is, if the RO configured / indicated through the basic PRACH configuration is located in a non-SBFD symbol and / or an SBFD symbol configured / indicated as flexible, the RO may be defined as a basic (or legacy) RO. And, if the RO configured / indicated through the basic PRACH configuration is located in an SBFD symbol configured / indicated as downlink, the RO may be defined as an additional RO.

[0246] As another example of the present disclosure, RO(s) generated by the basic (or legacy) PRACH configuration may be included in the SBFD region (e.g., SBFD symbols configured / indicated for downlink). In this case, some parameters of the basic PRACH configuration may be configured / changed according to specific rules, or may include additional parameters, and the parameters configured / changed according to specific rules or additional parameters may include information / values ​​that cause the RO(s) to be included in the SBFD region. That is, a method of shifting the slot index and / or OFDM symbol index may be applied.

[0247] As another example of the present disclosure, a base station can configure / instruct a terminal to configure a basic (or legacy) PRACH configuration and an independent additional PRACH configuration, thereby configuring / instructing a dedicated SBFD RO. In this case, SSB-to-RO mapping for the basic RO can be performed considering only the basic RO, and SSB-to-RO mapping for the additional RO can be performed considering only the additional RO.

[0248] At this time, the base station may separately provide the terminal with additional SSB-to-RO mapping parameters to be applied to specific SSB beams / indexes when performing SSB-to-RO mapping for the additional RO. As another example, the terminal may perform SSB-to-RO mapping for the additional RO by reusing the basic SSB-to-RO mapping parameters indicated in the basic PRACH configuration (e.g., "ssb-perRACH-Occasion") for specific SSB beams / indexes.

[0249] Example 2

[0250] Embodiment 2 relates to a time / frequency offset for a PRACH configuration. Specifically, Embodiment 2 relates to a method for configuring RACH resources to be additionally mapped to specific SSB beams / indexes for PRACH spatial domain adaptation in TDM or / and FDM formats with basic ROs allocated by a basic PRACH configuration.

[0251] As an example of the present disclosure, a base station and / or a terminal may configure a TDM adaptive RO (e.g., a TDM adaptive RO) for a specific SSB beam / index(s) based on the basic RO(s) allocated by the basic PRACH configuration. Additionally, the base station and / or the terminal may configure an FDM adaptive RO (e.g., an FDM adaptive RO) for the specific SSB beam / index.

[0252] At this time, if the base station does not operate in the network energy saving mode, the terminal and the base station may be configured to perform the RACH procedure using the legacy RO and the TDM adaptive RO(s). If the base station operates in the network energy saving mode, the terminal and / or the base station may be configured to perform the RACH procedure using the legacy RO and the FDM adaptive RO(s). That is, if the NES mode is activated or turned on, the terminal and / or the base station may use the FDM adaptive RO instead of the TDM adaptive RO.

[0253] Additionally or alternatively, the above-described operation may be determined whether to be applied through dynamic instructions rather than by turning on / off (or enabling / disabling) the NES mode of the base station. That is, the base station may configure / instruct the terminal through dynamic instructions (e.g., DCI, etc.) whether to use basic RO and TDM-enabled adaptive RO, basic RO and FDM-enabled adaptive RO, basic RO only, or basic RO, TDM-enabled adaptive RO, and FDM-enabled adaptive RO.

[0254] Example 3

[0255] Example 3 concerns different periods for PRACH spatial domain adaptation.

[0256] A method may be applied to configure RACH resources to be additionally mapped to specific SSB beams / indexes for PRACH spatial domain adaptation to have different periods from the basic RO(s) allocated by the basic PRACH configuration. That is, if the PRACH configuration period of the basic RO is A ms, the number of PRACH configuration periods for the adaptive RO may be one or multiple (e.g., B or C ms).

[0257] For example, the PRACH configuration period of the basic RO, A ms, may be set to be greater than the PRACH configuration period of the adaptive RO (e.g., B or C ms). Thereafter, the base station may dynamically configure / instruct the UE for the period of the adaptive RO and / or specific SSB beam / index(s) requiring PRACH spatial domain adaptation. In this case, if the adaptive RO is allocated in a RACH slot to which the basic RO, to which all SSB beams / indexes to be used in the corresponding cell are mapped, the UE may be configured to allocate the adaptive RO by FDM in the corresponding slot or based on a specific time offset. In addition, it may be defined that SSB-to-RO mapping is performed only for specific SSB beams / indexes additionally configured / instructed by the base station in the adaptive RACH slot corresponding to the period of the adaptive RO.

[0258] For example, the PRACH configuration period of the basic RO may be 80 ms, SSB beams / indexes #0, #1, #3, and #4 are used, and the PRACH configuration period for the adaptive RO may be 20 ms or 40 ms. Thereafter, the base station may configure / instruct the UE, through dynamic instructions, the duration of the adaptive RO and / or a specific SSB beam / index that requires PRACH spatial domain adaptation.

[0259] For example, if the PRACH configuration period for adaptive RO is set / indicated as 40 ms and SSB beam / index #1 and #3 are set / indicated as specific SSB beams / indexes requiring PRACH spatial domain adaptation, the terminal can expect that the basic ROs that exist every 80 ms are allocated in the form of SSB beam / index #0, #1, #3 and #4 being mapped to SSB-to-RO. And, the terminal can expect that the adaptive ROs that exist every 40 ms are allocated in the form of SSB beam / index #1 and #3 being mapped to SSB-to-RO.

[0260] Additionally, the base station can configure / instruct the UE to set / indicate an offset for the start point of the cycle for the adaptive RO so that the adaptive RACH slot does not overlap with the basic RACH slot in the time domain. That is, the basic RO with an 80 ms cycle can exist every 0, 80, 160, 240 ms, etc. from SFN 0, and the adaptive RO with a 40 ms cycle can be configured to exist every 20, 60, 100, 140 ms, etc. from SFN 0 by applying a start timing offset of 20 ms.

[0261] Example 4

[0262] Embodiment 4 relates to a terminal request for PRACH spatial domain adaptation. That is, the detailed embodiments of Embodiment 4 relate to a method by which a terminal requests PRACH spatial domain adaptation indication information from a base station. At least one of Embodiments 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 described below may be applied.

[0263] Example 4-1

[0264] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when an NES terminal requests on-demand SSB or / and SIB1, etc. from a base station, a method may be applied in which PRACH spatial adaptation is also automatically requested from the base station. That is, an NES terminal requesting on-demand SSB or / and SIB1, etc. may expect that PRACH spatial domain adaptation-related parameters will be provided to the base station.

[0265] Example 4-2

[0266] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an NES terminal may request PRACH spatial adaptation from a base station using a specific UL signal / channel (e.g., PRACH, Msg. 3 PUSCH, PUCCH, etc.). When the NES terminal performs a RACH procedure using a specific SSB beam / index direction preferred by the NES terminal, frequent collisions with other terminals may occur. Therefore, if the above-described method is applied, the case where the RACH procedure takes a long time may be resolved.

[0267] When a terminal requests PRACH spatial adaptation from a base station using a specific UL signal / channel, the terminal can determine that the request has been accepted by receiving PRACH spatial domain adaptation-related parameters from the base station. The terminal can then use these parameters to perform the RACH procedure, taking into account adaptive RO.

[0268] Example 4-3

[0269] A terminal may request PRACH spatial domain adaptation from a base station by targeting a specific SSB beam / index. As another example, a terminal may request PRACH spatial domain adaptation from a base station by targeting a specific SSB beam / index group. Furthermore, for on-demand requests, a terminal may map one or more SSB beams / indexes to specific resources defined / configured by the base station (e.g., MSG. 1 PRACH preamble index, etc.) and transmit the above-described request signal to the base station.

[0270] In describing the present disclosure, descriptions relating to NES terminals and / or NES ROs may be applied to, but are not limited to, systems supporting NES. The descriptions of the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to other systems (e.g., systems involving coverage enhancement (CE) wave-up signals, ambient IoT, and / or duplex enhancement).

[0271] Additionally, the methods of adapting only the ROs assigned to the specific SSB beams / indexes described above can also be applied to extend / apply to all SSB beams / indexes via the method(s) whereby the base station indicates all SSB beams / indexes to that information.

[0272] In addition, in the present disclosure, " / " means "and", "or", or "and / or" depending on the context. In addition, it is obvious that examples for the embodiments described above (e.g., Embodiment 1-1, Embodiment 1-1-1, Embodiment 1-1-2, Embodiment 1-1-3, Embodiment 1-2, Embodiment 1-3, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, Embodiment 4-1, Embodiment 4-2, Embodiment 4-3, etc.) can also be included as one of the implementation methods of the present disclosure, and thus can be regarded as a kind of proposed methods. In addition, the proposed methods described above can be implemented independently, but can also be implemented in the form of a combination (or merge) of some embodiments. A rule can be defined so that the base station notifies the terminal of the application of the embodiments (or information on the rules of the proposed methods) through a predefined signal (e.g., a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal). The upper layer may include one or more of the functional layers, such as MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP, for example.

[0273] The methods, embodiments or descriptions for implementing the method proposed in the present disclosure may be applied separately, or one or more methods (or embodiments or descriptions) may be applied in combination.

[0274] FIG. 11 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0275] To compensate for incomplete network coverage areas, a network topology that allows for more flexible and resilient split radio access networks (RANs) may be considered. For this purpose, various nodes, such as IAB nodes, relays, and RF repeaters, as illustrated in the example of Figure 11, may be applied, or NTNs may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, or in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that simply performs the function of signal amplification and forwarding, or in the case of a network-controlled repeater, it may not only amplify and forward signals but also adjust transmission and reception settings based on information provided by the network. For example, an NTN node may correspond to a satellite or aircraft that provides NTN coverage that is difficult for terrestrial networks to provide. In addition to these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0276] Referring to Figure 11, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into a centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). The CU and DU can correspond to logical units. The CU can be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DUs, various intermediate points can be introduced to compensate for this.

[0277] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station, depending on its relationship to other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a unit (DU). The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The unit (DU) of an IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to the terminal. In other words, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relationship to a user-side node, and to a terminal in its relationship to a network-side node.

[0278] In some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a terminal may equally apply not only to a user-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in a relative relationship with a network-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a base station may equally apply not only to a network-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in a relative relationship with a user-side endpoint. However, in most cases where there is no additional description of the operations of three or more entities, the communicating entities in the present disclosure are briefly described as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes), and the terms terminal and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes) are interpreted to include / replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0279] That is, in some examples of the present disclosure, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the subjects of the operation may be referred to as a base station and / or a terminal (or a first node and / or a second node). In addition, the terms base station and / or terminal (or a first node and / or a second node) may also be interpreted / replaced as in the following examples: For example, the base station (or a first node) and the terminal (or a second node) may respectively correspond to a first endpoint and a second endpoint; may respectively correspond to an endpoint and an intermediate point; may respectively correspond to an intermediate point and an endpoint; or may respectively correspond to a first intermediate point and a second intermediate point.

[0280] In the present disclosure, there may be zero or more intermediate points between the base station and the terminal. If intermediate points exist, they may be IAB nodes / relays / RF repeaters / NTN (non-terrestrial network) nodes, or nodes supporting other functions. The intermediate points may be nodes with fixed locations or nodes with unfixed locations.

[0281] General devices to which the present disclosure may be applied

[0282] FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0283] Referring to FIG. 12, the first device (100) and the second device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).

[0284] A first device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0285] For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). In addition, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104).

[0286] The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0287] The second device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0288] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0289] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0290] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0291] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of the present disclosure, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of the present disclosure, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In the present disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0292] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form embodiments of the present disclosure by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form embodiments or incorporated as new claims through post-application amendments.

[0293] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0294] The scope of the present disclosure includes software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., an operating system, an application, firmware, a program, etc.) that cause operations according to the methods of various embodiments to be executed on a device or a computer, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having such software or instructions stored thereon and executable on the device or computer. Instructions that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in the present disclosure can be stored on / in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product including such a storage medium can be used to implement the features described in the present disclosure. The storage medium can include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices, and can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. The memory optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the processor(s). The memory or, alternatively, the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory comprise a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The features described in this disclosure may be incorporated into software and / or firmware stored on any of the machine-readable media, which may control the hardware of the processing system and allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0295] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0296] The method proposed in this disclosure is explained with a focus on examples applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems, but can be applied to various wireless communication systems in addition to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems.

Claims

1. A step of receiving, by a terminal, from a base station, upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and A step of transmitting a preamble from the terminal to the base station in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, The sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold value, The upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, A method wherein said at least one second RO comprises an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first setting information includes information about the number of each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein at least one first RO and at least one second RO are frequency domain multiplexed on one time instance.

4. In paragraph 1, Information requesting at least one second RO related to the specific SSB is transmitted from the terminal to the base station, A method wherein the first setting information is based on information requesting at least one second RO.

5. In paragraph 4, A method in which information requesting at least one second RO is transmitted to the base station through at least one of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or a physical random access channel (PRACH).

6. In paragraph 4, A method wherein the information requesting at least one second RO is included in a signal requesting an on-demand system information block.

7. In paragraph 1, The first setting information includes setting information related to at least one first RO and setting information related to at least one second RO, A method wherein the configuration information related to at least one second RO is decoded by the terminal having a capability related to the additional RO.

8. In paragraph 3, A method wherein the above time instance is an association period or pattern period in the time domain.

9. In paragraph 1, The offset for the at least one first RO includes the offset of the lowest RO in the frequency domain based on physical resource block (PRB) 0 among the at least one first RO, A method wherein the offset for the at least one second RO comprises an offset of the lowest RO in the frequency domain with respect to PRB 0 among the at least one second RO.

10. In paragraph 1, A method in which transmission of the preamble is performed based on the at least one second RO based on third configuration information related to a network energy saving mode being transmitted to the terminal.

11. In paragraph 1, A method in which information about an RO to be used for transmission of the preamble among the at least one first RO or the at least one second RO is transmitted from the base station to the terminal.

12. One or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Receiving, from a base station through the one or more transceivers, upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and is configured to transmit a preamble to a base station through one or more transceivers in all or part of at least one of the first RO and at least one of the second RO, The sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold value, The upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, A terminal, wherein said at least one second RO comprises an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

13. A step of transmitting, by a base station, to a terminal, upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO; and A step of receiving a preamble from the terminal by the base station in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, The sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold value, The upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, A method wherein said at least one second RO comprises an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

14. In the base station, the base station: one or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Transmitting upper layer signaling including first configuration information related to at least one first random access channel occasion (RO) and at least one second RO to a terminal via the one or more transceivers; and The preamble is set to be received from the terminal through the one or more transceivers in all or part of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, The sum of the numbers of at least one first RO and at least one second RO is less than or equal to a threshold value, The upper layer signaling includes second configuration information related to an offset for each of the at least one first RO and the at least one second RO, A base station, wherein said at least one second RO comprises an additional RO mapped to a specific synchronization signal block (SSB).

15. In a processing device configured to control a terminal, the processing device: one or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories operatively connected to said one or more processors and storing instructions for performing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 based on execution by said one or more processors.

16. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, A computer-readable medium, wherein the one or more commands are executed by one or more processors to control a device to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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