Wireless communication devices, methods and system
By employing fountain codes for flexible resource mapping of SSBs, the method addresses high power consumption in SSBs, enhancing energy efficiency and connectivity in advanced wireless networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/083333
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
AI Technical Summary
The synchronization signal (SSB) in current 5G New Radio (NR) networks consumes significant power for coverage and fast cell access, posing challenges in network energy efficiency as networks transition to advanced telecommunications technologies like 6G.
Implementing a flexible resource mapping for SSB transmission using fountain codes to generate multiple encoded information blocks, allowing for adaptable decoding and reduced power consumption based on network and UE conditions.
The solution optimizes energy consumption by dynamically adjusting SSB transmission, reducing power usage while maintaining effective network connectivity and reducing interference.
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Figure CN2024083333_25092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICES, METHODS AND SYSTEMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of communications technology. For instance, the present disclosure provides devices, methods, and a system for transmitting system information.BACKGROUND
[0002] Nowadays the significance of network energy efficiency has escalated, driven by a dual imperative: the necessity to mitigate environmental degradation, notably greenhouse gas emissions, and the urgency to curtail operational expenditures. The advent of the 6th Generation (6G) telecommunications technology, representing an advancement over 5G, introduces a paradigm shift towards accommodating more sophisticated services and applications. These advancements necessitate exceedingly high data transmission rates, exemplified by technologies such as Extended Reality (XR) . Consequently, this evolution towards 6G and beyond is characterized by an increase in network density, the utilization of an augmented number of antennas, broader bandwidths, and an expanded spectrum of frequency bands.
[0003] The transition towards these advanced telecommunications technologies, while promising in terms of connectivity and service quality, poses significant challenges in terms of environmental sustainability. It is imperative to ensure that the environmental footprint of the next-generation (6G and beyond) networks remains within manageable limits. Therefore, the development of innovative solutions aimed at enhancing energy efficiency in these networks is paramount.SUMMARY
[0004] A substantial portion of operational expenses for network operators is attributed to energy consumption. For instance, according to GSMA, energy costs account for approximately 23%of the total operational costs for mobile networks. A significant share of this energy expenditure is attributed to the Radio Access Network (RAN) , particularly the Active Antenna Unit (AAU) . While data centers and fiber transport systems also contribute to the overall energy consumption, their impact is comparatively lesser. The energy consumption in radio access networks can be bifurcated into two distinct components: a dynamic component, which is contingent on active data transmission and reception, and a static component, which persists irrespective of data transmission activities, maintaining the operational readiness of radio access devices.
[0005] A synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (or SSB) is the very first signal / message that a cellular device detects / decodes in order to connect to a wireless network. In a current 5G New Radio (NR) networks, a SSB spans 4 OFDM symbols in a time domain and 240 subcarriers in a frequency domain, which is illustrated in FIG. 1. A conventional resource mapping of the SSB can be found in 3GPP TS 38.211 V18.1.0 Chapter 7.4.3.
[0006] However, the SSB of this conventional design still consumes considerable power in order to guarantee coverage and fast cell access. It still remains a question as to how the SSB can be optimized in view of power consumption.
[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems and disadvantages, the present disclosure aims to optimize energy consumption of a wireless communication network. For instance, an objective may be to reduce the power consumption caused by SSB transmission for advanced wireless mobile networks beyond 5G. A further objective may be to provide a more dynamic resource mapping for transmitting the SSB.
[0008] These and other objectives are achieved by this disclosure, for instance, as described in the independent claims. Advantageous implementations are further described in the dependent claims.
[0009] A first aspect of this disclosure provides a wireless communication method applied to a transmitting device. The method comprises the following steps:
[0010] - generating a PBCH payload and a scrambling sequence;
[0011] - scrambling the PBCH payload using the scrambling sequence to generate scrambled payload;
[0012] - attaching to the scrambled payload a cyclic redundancy check, CRC, information to generate CRC-protected scrambled payload;
[0013] - encoding the CRC-protected scrambled payload using fountain codes to obtain a plurality of encoded information blocks; and
[0014] - mapping the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission.
[0015] Optionally, the PBCH payload may be generated based on broadcast channel (BCH) data sequence.
[0016] Using the fountain codes, a potentially limitless number of coded symbols may be generated independently and randomly based on the payload as a given input, so as to obtain the multiple information blocks. In this way, the receiving device may recover the original payload information from any subset of the multiple information blocks given the length of the subset is sufficiently large / enough to decode the payload.
[0017] Therefore, the resource mapping pattern can be flexibly determined for transmitting the payload information.
[0018] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the encoded information blocks may comprise a self-decodable block and / or a non-self-decodable block.
[0019] The self-decodable block is an information block from which a complete payload can be decoded. The non-self-decodable block is an information block from which a complete payload cannot be decoded but needs to be combined with at least one self-decodable block. The non-self-decodable block may be used to add extra redundancy to the self-decodable block, in order to increase the detection rate.
[0020] Optionally, each and every information block of the multiple information blocks is a self-decodable block. Alternatively, the multiple information blocks comprises at least one self-decodable block and optionally, one or more non-self-decodable blocks. The one or more non-self-decodable blocks are not decodable alone, and may be decodable when combined with the at least one self-decodable block. The one or more non-self-decodable blocks is used to provide additional redundancy to the at least one self-decodable block.
[0021] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method may further comprise: rate matching one or more of the encoded information blocks.
[0022] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method may further comprise: scrambling one or more of the encoded information blocks using a further scrambling sequence.
[0023] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method may further comprise: modulating the encoded information blocks.
[0024] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the encoded information blocks may be mapped to physical resources using one or more resource mapping patterns based on network condition information, channel condition information, or information of a neighbour cell.
[0025] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the mapping the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission may comprises mapping the encoded information blocks to one or more OFDM symbols.
[0026] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the method may further comprise:
[0027] - receiving an indication from each of one or more receiving devices, wherein each indication is indicative of one or more demanded information blocks; and
[0028] - transmitting one or more of the encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources based on the one or more indications.
[0029] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the method may further comprise:
[0030] - sending an indication to a receiving device, wherein the indication is indicative of one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks; and
[0031] - transmitting the one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources.
[0032] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the indication may be sent through a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) or through Downlink Control Information (DCI) , or through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signalling, or through a paging message.
[0033] In a further implementation form of the first aspect, the method may further comprises transmitting one or more of the following:
[0034] - information on whether the plurality of encoded information blocks are activated for the PBCH payload;
[0035] - a quantity of the multiple encoded information blocks; and
[0036] - information on one or more transmission patterns associated with the multiple encoded information block.
[0037] Optionally, any information mentioned above may be transmitted to one receiving device or a group receiving devices, or may be transmitted in a broadcast manner.
[0038] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a wireless communication method applied to a receiving device. The method comprises: receiving, from a transmitting device, one or more encoded information blocks from a PBCH; and processing at least a subset of the one or more encoded information blocks using fountain codes to obtain a PBCH payload.
[0039] In an implementation form of the second aspect, before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the method further comprises:
[0040] determining a quantity of demanded encoded information blocks based on one or more measurements; and
[0041] sending the quantity of the demanded information blocks to the transmitting device.
[0042] In a further implementation form of the second aspect, before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the method further comprises:
[0043] receiving an indication from the transmitting device, in which the indication is indicative of the one or more encoded information blocks to be received by the receiving device, such that the one or more encoded information blocks is received in accordance with the indication.
[0044] A third aspect of this disclosure provides a transmitting device for wireless communication. The transmitting device is configured to:
[0045] - generate a PBCH payload and a scrambling sequence;
[0046] - scramble the PBCH payload using the scrambling sequence to generate scrambled payload;
[0047] - attach to the scrambled payload a cyclic redundancy check, CRC, information to generate CRC-protected scrambled payload;
[0048] - encode the CRC-protected scrambled payload using fountain codes to obtain a plurality of encoded information blocks; and
[0049] - map the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission.
[0050] In an implementation form of the third aspect, the encoded information blocks may comprise a self-decodable block and / or a non-self-decodable block.
[0051] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the transmitting device may be further configured to: rate match one or more of the encoded information blocks.
[0052] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the transmitting device may be further configured to: scramble one or more of the encoded information blocks using a further scrambling sequence.
[0053] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the transmitting device may be further configured to: modulate the encoded information blocks.
[0054] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, the encoded information blocks may be mapped to physical resources using one or more resource mapping patterns based on network condition information, channel condition information, or information of a neighbour cell.
[0055] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, for mapping the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission, the transmitting device may be configured to map the encoded information blocks to one or more OFDM symbols.
[0056] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, the transmitting device may be further configured to:
[0057] - receiving an indication from each of one or more receiving devices, wherein each indication is indicative of one or more demanded information blocks; and
[0058] - transmitting one or more of the encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources based on the one or more indications.
[0059] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, the transmitting device may be further configured to:
[0060] - sending an indication to a receiving device, wherein the indication is indicative of one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks; and
[0061] - transmitting the one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources.
[0062] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, the indication may be sent through a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) or through Downlink Control Information (DCI) , or through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signalling, or through a paging message.
[0063] In a further implementation form of the third aspect, the transmitting device may be further configured to transmit one or more of the following:
[0064] - information on whether the plurality of encoded information blocks are activated for the PBCH payload;
[0065] - a quantity of the multiple encoded information blocks; and
[0066] - information on one or more transmission patterns associated with the multiple encoded information block.
[0067] The transmitting device of the third aspect may share the same features and advantages as the method of the first aspect or any implementation form thereof accordingly.
[0068] A fourth aspect of this disclosure provides a receiving device for wireless communication. The receiving device is configured to:
[0069] - receive, from a transmitting device, one or more encoded information blocks; and
[0070] - process at least a subset of the one or more encoded information blocks using fountain codes to obtain a payload.
[0071] In an implementation form of the fourth aspect, before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the receiving device may be further configured to:
[0072] determine a quantity of demanded encoded information blocks based on one or more measurements; and
[0073] send the quantity of the demanded information blocks to the transmitting device.
[0074] In a further implementation form of the fourth aspect, before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the receiving device may be further configured to:
[0075] receive an indication from the transmitting device, in which the indication is indicative of the one or more encoded information blocks to be received by the receiving device, such that the one or more encoded information blocks is received in accordance with the indication.
[0076] The receiving device of the fourth aspect may share the same features and advantages as the method of the second aspect or any implementation form thereof accordingly.
[0077] A fifth aspect of this disclosure provides a wireless communication system comprising at least one transmitting device according to the third aspect and one or more receiving devices according to the fourth aspect.
[0078] A sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program comprising a program code for performing the method according to the first aspect or any of its implementation forms.
[0079] A seventh aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program comprising a program code for performing the method according to the second aspect or any of its implementation forms.
[0080] An eighth aspect of the present disclosure provides a non-transitory storage medium storing executable program code which, when executed by a processor (or a chipset) , causes the method according to the first aspect or any of its implementation forms to be performed.
[0081] A ninth aspect of the present disclosure provides a non-transitory storage medium storing executable program code which, when executed by a processor (or a chipset) , causes the method according to the second aspect or any of its implementation forms to be performed.
[0082] It has to be noted that all devices, elements, units and means described in the present application could be implemented in the software or hardware elements or any kind of combination thereof. All steps which are performed by the various entities described in the present application as well as the functionalities described to be performed by the various entities are intended to mean that the respective entity is adapted to or configured to perform the respective steps and functionalities. Even if, in the following description of the present disclosure, a specific functionality or step to be performed by external entities is not reflected in the description of a specific detailed element of that entity which performs that specific step or functionality, it should be clear for a skilled person that these methods and functionalities can be implemented in respective software or hardware elements, or any kind of combination thereof.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0083] The above-described aspects and implementation forms will be explained in the following description in relation to the enclosed drawings, in which
[0084] FIG. 1 shows a conventional time and frequency structure of an SSB;
[0085] FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a method applied to a transmitting device according to this disclosure;
[0086] FIG. 3A-3D show examples of possible SSB structures according to this disclosure;
[0087] FIG. 4A-4D show further examples of possible SSB structures according to this disclosure;
[0088] FIG. 5A-5C show examples of information blocks of this disclosure;
[0089] FIG. 6 shows an example of a system of this disclosure; and
[0090] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a method according to this disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0091] A list of key terms and their acronyms / abbreviations used in the present disclosure is given as follows: 3rd Generation Partnership Project -3GPP; Broadcast Channel -BCH; Binary Phase-Shift Keying –BPSK; Base Station –BS; Cyclic Redundancy Check –CRC; Downlink Control Information –DCI; Downlink –DL; Demodulation Reference Signal –DMRS; next-Generation Node B or gNodeB –gNB; Low-Density Parity-Check –LDPC; New Radio –NR; Medium Access Control –MAC; MAC Control Element –MAC CE; Modulation and Coding Scheme –MCS; Master Information Block -MIB; Physical Broadcast Channel –PBCH; Physical Downlink Control Channel –PDCCH; Physical Downlink Shared Channel -PDSCH; Primary Synchronization Signal -PSS; Physical Uplink Control Channel –PUCCH; Physical Uplink Shared Channel –PUSCH; Radio Access Technology –RAT; Radio Access Network –RAN; Resource Block -RB; Radio Network Temporary Identifier –RNTI; Cell RNTI –C-RNTI; Paging RNTI –P-RNTI; Quaternary Phase Shift Keying - QPSK; Radio Resource Control –RRC; Subcarrier –SC; Synchronization Signal –SS, SS / PBCH Block –SSB; Secondary Synchronization Signal -SSS; Uplink –UL; User Equipment –UE.
[0092] Cell search is a procedure for a UE to acquire time and frequency synchronization with a cell and to detect Physical layer Cell ID (PCI) of the cell. During cell search operations that are carried out when a UE is powered ON, mobility in connected mode, idle mode mobility (e.g. reselections) , inter-RAT mobility to NR system etc., the UE uses synchronization signals to derive necessary information required to access the cell.
[0093] Two types of synchronization signals are defined for NR: Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) . PBCH is used to transmit MIB to UEs. The SSB comprises PSS, SSS and PBCH. FIG. 1 shows a conventional time and frequency structure of the SSB, which exhibits the following characteristics:
[0094] - PSS, SSS and PBCH are together in consecutive OFDM symbols;
[0095] - Each SSB occupies 4 OFDM symbols in the time domain and spread over 240 subcarriers (20 RBs) in the frequency domain;
[0096] - PSS occupies the first OFDM symbol and span over 127 subcarriers;
[0097] - SSS is located in the third OFDM symbol and span over 127 subcarriers. There are several (e.g. eight) un-used subcarriers below SSS and several (e.g. nine) un-used subcarriers above SSS;
[0098] -PBCH occupies two full OFDM symbols (second and fourth) spanning 240 subcarriers and in the third OFDM symbol spanning 48 subcarriers below and above SSS. This results in PBCH occupying 576 subcarriers across three OFDM symbols (240+48+48+240 = 576) .
[0099] PBCH is used to carry PBCH payload and PBCH DMRS. PBCH DMRS occupies 144 REs which is one-fourth of total REs and remaining is for PBCH payload (576-144 = 432 REs) .
[0100] The conventional PBCH design is common for all UEs and cannot be adapted to UE channel conditions and / or neighbor cell inferences. This disclosure provides a flexible / configurable scheme for transmitting system information though PBCH (or any other similar channels) .
[0101] FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a method applied to a transmitting device according to this disclosure. In this disclosure, the transmitting device may also be simply referred to as a gNB. Correspondingly, a receiving device may also be referred to as UE. The method comprises the following steps:
[0102] Step 201: generating a PBCH payload and a scrambling sequence;
[0103] Step 202: scrambling the PBCH payload using the scrambling sequence to generate scrambled payload;
[0104] Step 203: attaching to the scrambled payload CRC information to generate CRC-protected scrambled payload;
[0105] Step 204: encoding the CRC-protected scrambled payload using fountain codes to obtain a plurality of encoded information blocks; and
[0106] Step 208: mapping the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission.
[0107] The PBCH payload in step 201 may be generated based on BCH data. Steps 201 –203 may be executed based on any conventional means known in the field. For instance, step 201 may be executed based on 3GPP TS 38.212 V18.1.0 Chapter 7.1.1; step 202 may be executed based on 3GPP TS 38.212 V18.1.0 Chapter 7.1.2; and step 203 may be executed based on 3GPP TS 38.212 V18.1.0 Chapter 7.1.3. Hence, steps 201-203 are not detailed herein.
[0108] In step 204, the CRC-protected scrambled payload is encoded into multiple information blocks using fountain codes. An information block may comprise a complete sequence that can be decoded independently by the UE. The complete sequence comprises optimized coded symbols that are generated based on fountain codes, to enable maximum possible successful detection / decoding rate.
[0109] Optionally, the number of the encoded information blocks may be determined based on one or more of network condition information, UE (s) channel condition information, and information of neighbouring cell (s) . For instance, when UE (s) are in good channel conditions, less number of information blocks may be generated. Whether a channel condition is “good” or “bad” may be determined based on a threshold.
[0110] Fountain codes are rateless erasure codes that have initially been designed for multicast and streaming applications, e.g., in Bin Li et al., 2015, “Capacity-Achieving Rateless Polar Codes” . In the present disclosure, fountain codes may be used to provide dynamic code rates for different channel conditions. Fountain codes may be designed using Turbo codes, LDPC, polar codes, and the like.
[0111] For instance, there are several method to construct good rateless codes. The most common way to construct rateless codes is to use puncturing. A good low-rate code, referred to as the mother-code, is first constructed, and then some of the coded symbols are discarded to construct higher-rate codes. This approach has been applied to almost all codes and in particular, convolutional codes Turbo codes, LDCP codes, and Polar codes. The performance of the resulting code depends mainly on the puncturing pattern. Finding the best puncturing pattern is normally through computer search. Extending is another approach to construct rateless codes. A good high-rate code is first constructed, then parity-check symbols are successively added to generate lower-rate codes. The construction of lower rate codes is to find new codes with a good minimum Hamming weight. Rateless codes constructed using extending do not usually guarantee high minimum Hamming weight at lower rates, as the minimum weight at a particular rate depends on the original code. Based on the extending approach, it is able to find directly good codes that can generate a potentially limitless number of coded symbols for a given set of input symbols. The coded symbols are usually produced independently and randomly. The receiver can then recover the original input symbols from any subset of received symbols given the length of the subset is sufficiently large. One example of such efforts is Primitive Rateless Codes, Luby transform (LT) codes and raptor codes.
[0112] Using fountain codes, the CRC-protected scrambled payload may be encoded into multiple information blocks, which are mapped to time-frequency resources respectively as in step 208. Optionally, the multiple information blocks may comprises one or more self-decodable blocks. A self-decodable block comprises coded symbols, designed by the fountain codes. A self-decodable block may comprise systematic bits (i.e., the payload in step 201) for example in case of linear fountain codes. The systematic bits can be extracted from decoding the self-decodable block alone. The size of the block is equal or greater than the size of the systematic bits. Optionally, the multiple information blocks may comprise one or more non-self-decodable blocks. A non-self-decodable block comprises coded symbols, designed by the fountain codes, which add additional redundancy to one or more self-decodable block (s) . Optionally, each and every information block may be a self-decodable block. Optionally, the multiple information block may comprise one or more self-decodable blocks and one or more non-self-decodable blocks, wherein each non-self-decodable blocks is adapted to add redundancy to each self-decodable block.
[0113] Both the self-decodable block and non-self-decodable block comprises optimized coded symbols that are generated based on fountain codes, to enable maximum possible successful detection / decoding rate, when they are used by the UE in the decoding to obtain the systematic bits (i.e., the payload in step 201) .
[0114] Optionally, before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method further comprises one or more of the following steps: step 205: rate matching one or more of the encoded information blocks;
[0115] step 206: scrambling one or more of the encoded information blocks (or the rate matched information blocks) using a further scrambling sequence; and
[0116] step 207: modulating the encoded information blocks (or the scrambled information blocks) .
[0117] It is noted that steps 205-207 may be applied individually or may be combined.
[0118] Step 205 is optional and may be used in cases one or more of the encoded information blocks need further puncturing or extensions. Step 206 is optional and may be used in case one or more of the encoded information blocks need to be scrambled. Optionally, in step 206, a physical cell ID may be used as the further scrambling sequence. Optionally, in step 207, any modulation scheme such as but not limited to QPSK and BPSK may be used.
[0119] Optionally, the encoded information blocks are mapped to physical resources using one or more resource mapping patterns based on one or more of network condition information, UE (s) channel condition information, and information of neighbouring cell (s) .
[0120] For instance, when interference from the neighbour cell is strong (or stronger than a certain threshold) , a resource mapping pattern that spans more subcarriers may be chosen to mitigate the impact of the strong interference.
[0121] It is noted that block triggering and / or (re-) configuration may be preset (e.g., specified by technical specification) and are known by the gNB and the UE.
[0122] FIG. 3A-3D show examples of possible SSBs according to this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A-3D, as an example, each information block occupies one OFDM symbol spanning 48 subcarriers (4 RB) . Based on the information block, different physical resource mapping pattern for transmitting PBCH may be generated, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3A-3D respectively in a non-exhaustive manner. From FIG. 3A-3D, the successful PBCH detection rate gradually decreases, while the power consumption of transmitting SSB (including PBCH) gradually decreases (since less and less resources are used) . It is noted that the physical resource grid of FIG. 3A-3D may or may not share the same features as the resource grid in FIG. 1. The OFDM symbol number and the subcarrier number is not shown in FIG. 3A-3D. It is also noted that this disclosure may also be applied to SSB of any size and is not limited to 4 OFDM symbol × 240 subcarriers. By splitting PBCH into multiple information blocks, flexible resource mapping pattern may be used to transmit PBCH. Moreover, network power consumption can be reduced since physical resources to transmit the PBCH can be reduced.
[0123] The gNB may determine a suitable physical resource mapping pattern for transmitting PBCH to UE (s) based on one or more of the following information: UE (s) preference / demand; UE (s) channel condition information; network resource information; and neighbour cell (s) information. Additionally, the network side (e.g., a network management entity or the like) may detamine for a given gNB a suitable physical resource mapping pattern for transmitting PBCH to UE (s) based based on one or more of the following information: cell planning (coverage requirements) ; UE (s) preference / demand; UE (s) channel condition information; and network resource information.
[0124] For instance, the gNB may be configured to receive one or more indications from one or more UEs. Each indication is indicative of one or more demanded (or preferred) information blocks (or a resource mapping pattern for transmitting PBCH) by each UE. That is, a UE may notify its preferred information block to the gNB. In this case, if other condition allows, the gNB may follow the UE indication accordingly. However, if other condition does not allow such preference (e.g., interference from a neighbour cell is relatively high) , the gNB may choose not to follow the UE indication.
[0125] For instance, if UE A has a better channel condition than UE B, then the gNB may use the pattern shown in FIG. 3D for UE A, and use the pattern shown in FIG. 3A for UE B. In case the the gNB can use only one pattern for both UEs A and B then, since the UE B is in a bad channel condition, the gNB follows the indication from UE B, while the UE A is in a good channel condition, the gNB does not follow the indication from UE A.
[0126] As another example, if the inference from a neighbor cell is higher in direction A than in direction B, then the gNB may use the pattern shown in FIG. 3A for all UEs in direction A and use the pattern shown in FIG. 3C for all UEs in direction B.
[0127] It is noted that the resource mapping patterns of this disclosure is per SSB. That is, when multiple SSBs are transmitted, the resource mapping pattern may be applied to each SSB individually in one transmission window. Therefore, multiple SSBs may be transmitted in different resource mapping patterns during different transmission windows and / or on multiple carriers and / or through multiple beams.
[0128] FIG. 4A-4D show further examples of possible SSBs of this disclosure. The information block size of this disclosure may be configurable and variable. For instance, as shown in FIG. 4A-4D, one information block occupies one OFDM symbol spanning 60 subcarriers (5 RB) . The information block size may be preset, or may be configurable by the gNB. Other details of FIG. 4A-4D may be similar to that of FIG. 3A-3D, which are not repeated herein.
[0129] FIG. 5A-5C show examples of information blocks of this disclosure. The information blocks may comprise a self-decodable block and / or a non-self-decodable block. The size of information blocks in FIG. 5A-5C are for illustration purposes only and are variable.
[0130] For instance, as shown in FIG. 5A, information blocks B0, B1, and B2 are mapped to 2 OFDM symbols, while information blocks B3 and B4 are mapped to 3 OFDM symbols. Each and every information block B0-B4 is a self-decodable block, such that each block can be decoded independently to obtain the complete PBCH payload. The blocks may be jointly decoded as well to add extra redundancy to each other, such that the successfully detection rate of PBCH payload can be improved.
[0131] In FIG. 5B, information blocks B3 and B4 are self-decodable. Information blocks B0-B2 are non-self-decodable blocks and may be used to add extra redundancy to the information blocks B3 and / or B4.
[0132] In FIG. 5C, information blocks B0 are self-decodable blocks, while information blocks B1-B10 are non-self-decodable blocks and may be used to add extra redundancy to the information blocks B0.
[0133] FIG. 6 shows an example of a system 600 of this disclosure. The system 600 comprises at least one transmitting device 610 and one or more receiving devices 620. The transmitting device 610 is adapted to perform the method mentioned above in FIG. 2-FIG. 5 and transmit the information blocks 602 to the one or more receiving devices 620. The information blocks may be used to carry cell information (e.g., PBCH payload and PBCH DMRS) .
[0134] Information blocks of different patterns may be used by the at least one transmitting device 610. For instance, as shown in FIG. 6, a first receiving device 620A is in a better channel condition than a second receiving device 620B. In this case, the transmitting device 610 may choose the resource mapping pattern as shown in FIG. 3D for the first receiving device 620A, and choose the resource mapping pattern as shown in FIG. 3A for the second receiving device 620B. The information blocks of different patterns may be transmitted in the same frame, or in different frames, which is not limited in this disclosure.
[0135] Optionally, each receiving device 620A, 620B may indicate one or more demanded information blocks (e.g., the quantity of the demanded information blocks, or a demanded resource mapping pattern) . This indication may be sent by each receiving device through MAC CE on PUSCHs, or UCI, or SRS, or PRACH. Similarly, the transmitting device 610 may indicate one or more information block patterns to the receiving device (s) 620A, 620B. The indication may be sent by the transmitting device 610 trhough MAC CE, or DCI, or RRC signalling, or a paging message.
[0136] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a method 700 according to this disclosure. The method is applied to a receiving device and comprises the following steps:
[0137] Step 701: receiving, from a transmitting device, one or more encoded information blocks from a PBCH;
[0138] Step 702: processing at least a subset of the one or more encoded information blocks using fountain codes decoding to obtain a PBCH payload.
[0139] For processing at least the subset of the one or more encoded information blocks, the receiving device may be configured to demodulate and decode at least the subset of the one or more encoded information blocks.
[0140] For instance, the number of received encoded information blocks is equal to M. The receiving device may be configured to start process N out of the M information blocks, 1≤ N < M to check if a PBCH payload can be successfully decoded or not. If not, then the receiving device may be configured to increase N and try to decode the PBCH payload again. The processing step may stop when N=M, or upon successful decoding, or when N reaches a preset threshold (e.g., beyond supported bandwidth for UEs with limited bandwidth capabilities) .
[0141] The step of processing for each to-be-processed information block may refer to steps 207-201 of FIG. 2 correspondingly in a reversed order. For example, the receiving device may be configured to perform demodulation, descrambling, decoding, and CRC validation accordingly for each to-be-processed information block.
[0142] Optionally, the receiving device may be further configured to:
[0143] - determine a quantity of demanded encoded information blocks based on one or more measurements; and
[0144] - send the quantity of the demanded information blocks to the transmitting device.
[0145] In this way, the transmitting device may be aware of the demanded encoded information blocks that are desired by the receiving device. This information may be taken account of by the transmitting device when making decisions on mapping and transmitting the encoded information block.
[0146] Optionally, before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the receiving device may be further configured to:
[0147] - receive an indication from the transmitting device, in which the indication is indicative of the one or more encoded information blocks to be received by the receiving device, such that the one or more encoded information blocks is received in accordance with the indication.
[0148] In summary, the present disclosure provides an improved PBCH design in frequency and time resource grid with an improved PBCH coding and resource mapping. Fountain coding is used such that the encoded symbols can be grouped to obtain multiple blocks of coded information bits that add redundancy to each other. That is, a conventional PBCH encoded information is separated into multiple coded information blocks using fountain coding. The multiple coded information blocks can be flexibility mapped in time and frequency resources. For instance, the coded information blocks may be continuous in the frequency domain. Additionally or alternatively, the coded information blocks may be sent on any OFDM symbol. The overall coding rate of the multiple information blocks may be the same, less, or more than the coding rate of the conventional coding scheme.
[0149] There may be multiple implementation forms for block triggering and block configuration:
[0150] - connected UE demand, where the UE may request one or more particular information blocks for a given SSB or a group of SSBs:
[0151] ○ Step 1: UE knows that the gNB support the feature of this disclosure and / or the conditions needed to ask for a given block (or set of blocks) (e.g., based on channel quality related conditions) and / or the channels to use for the demand (e.g., MAC CE on PUSCH / a signal on PUCCH) ;
[0152] ○ Step 2: The UE ask for a given block (e.g., based on UE previous measurements for estimations of the channel quality based on SSB or CSI-RS or any other reference resources the UE can access) . Alternatively, the UE may ask for the number of information blocks;
[0153] ○ Step 3: UE is informed about the transmission of the new blocks from the gNB using for example MAC CE, DCI; and
[0154] ○ Step 4: the UE detects the informed blocks for example to do synchronization, L3 / L1 measurements, or Scell activation.
[0155] - connected UE informed, where the network (e.g., the gNB) determine suitable particular information block (s) per SSB or a group of SSBs for a UE or for a group of UEs:
[0156] ○ Step 1: UE knows that the gNB supports the features of this disclosure;
[0157] ○ Step 2: based on UE measurement reports and / or neighboring cell information, the gNB determine a suitable block (s) ;
[0158] ○ Step 3: the gNB informs the UE about the blocks using any of the DL channels through MAC CE, RRC, DCI, and paging.
[0159] - idle / inactive UE blind searching:
[0160] ○ Step 1: UE knows that the gNB supports the features of this disclosure, or specified in related specifications as mandatory;
[0161] ○ Step 2: the UE blindly search for all possible information blocks. To reduce UE blind search, it is possible to reduce the number of initial / default information blocks (e.g., to two or three) . Moreover, the same pattern may be used for all the SSBs.
[0162] - idle / inactive UE with reduced capability (supporting limited bandwidth) :
[0163] ○ Step 1: UE knows that the gNB supports the features of this disclosure, or specified in related specifications as mandatory;
[0164] ○ Step 2: the UE blindly search for all possible information blocks within supported bandwidth to decode PBCH payload.
[0165] Therefore, this disclosure provides an improved PBCH design that comprises improved block-based encoding / multiplexing / rate matching and block-based mapping in frequency and time domains per SSB. The PBCH transmission may be adapted based on a UE (or a UE group) demand and / or channel condition per SSB. In this way, cells that have connected UEs with good channel conditions can save power and reduce interference to neighboring cells. Cells that expect to have stationary idle / inactive UEs can save power and reduce interference. UEs can also save power by using less blocks in decoding PBCH. PBCH can be adaptable from SSB to SSB which is useful to have reduced radiation of given SSB beams to reduce interference to neighboring cells and / or reduce radiation that could be harmful in given directions.
[0166] It is noted that block based transmission scheme disclosed in this disclosure may not only be applicable to PBCH, but also applicable to any other channel that transmits cell / system information. Moreover, this disclosure may be combined with other on demand SSB transmission schemes, such as changing SSB patterns in time and frequency, changing SSB components (without PSS, without SSS, or without both PSS / SSS, or with modified DMRS patterns) in order to produce a fully flexible SSB arrangements.
[0167] The present disclosure may be applied to any telecommunications networks / systems, such as but not limited to 5G (or NR) , 6G mobile networks, and the like. The transmitting device and the receiving device in this disclosure each may comprise processing circuitry or a chipset (not shown) configured to respectively perform, conduct or initiate the various operations described herein. The processing circuitry may comprise hardware and software. The hardware may comprise analog circuitry or digital circuitry, or both analog and digital circuitry. The digital circuitry may comprise components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field-programmable arrays (FPGAs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , or multi-purpose processors. Optionally, the processing circuitry (or the chipset) comprises one or more processors and a non-transitory memory connected to the one or more processors. The non-transitory memory may carry executable program code which, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the devices to perform, conduct or initiate the operations or methods described herein.
[0168] The present invention has been described in conjunction with various embodiments as examples as well as implementations. However, other variations can be understood and effected by those persons skilled in the art and practicing the claimed invention, from the studies of the drawings, this disclosure and the independent claims. In the claims as well as in the description the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single element or other unit may fulfill the functions of several entities or items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in the mutual different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used in an advantageous implementation.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method applied to a transmitting device, the method comprising:generating (201) a physical broadcast channel, PBCH, payload and a scrambling sequence;scrambling (202) the PBCH payload using the scrambling sequence to generate scrambled payload;attaching to (203) the scrambled payload a cyclic redundancy check, CRC, information to generate CRC-protected scrambled payload;encoding (204) the CRC-protected scrambled payload using fountain codes to obtain a plurality of encoded information blocks; andmapping (208) the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the encoded information blocks comprise a self-decodable block and / or a non-self-decodable block.3.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method further comprises: rate matching (205) one or more of the encoded information blocks.4.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method further comprises: scrambling (206) one or more of the encoded information blocks using a further scrambling sequence.5.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before mapping the encoded information blocks, the method further comprises: modulating (207) the encoded information blocks.6.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the encoded information blocks are mapped to physical resources using one or more resource mapping patterns based on network condition information, channel condition information, or information of a neighbour cell.7.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method further comprising:receiving an indication from each of one or more receiving devices, wherein each indication is indicative of one or more demanded information blocks; andtransmitting one or more of the encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources based on the one or more indications.8.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method further comprising:sending an indication to a receiving device, wherein the indication is indicative of one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks; andtransmitting the one or more to-be-transmitted encoded information blocks via the mapped physical resources.9.The method according to claim 8, wherein the indication is sent through a Medium Access Control Control Element, MAC CE, or through Downlink Control Information, DCI, or through Radio Resource Control, RRC, signalling, or through a paging message.10.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising transmitting one of more of the following:information on whether the plurality of encoded information blocks are activated for the PBCH payload;a quantity of the multiple encoded information blocks;information on one or more transmission patterns associated with the multiple encoded information block.11.A wireless communication method (700) applied to a receiving device, the method comprising:receiving (701) , from a transmitting device, one or more encoded information blocks from a physical broadcast channel, PBCH; andprocessing (702) at least a subset of the one or more encoded information blocks using fountain codes decoding to obtain a PBCH payload.12.The method (700) according to claim 11, wherein before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the method further comprises:determining a quantity of demanded encoded information blocks based on one or more measurements; andsending the quantity of the demanded information blocks to the transmitting device.13.The method (700) according to claim 11, wherein before receiving the one or more encoded information blocks, the method further comprises:receiving an indication from the transmitting device, wherein the indication is indicative of the one or more encoded information blocks to be received by the receiving device, wherein the one or more encoded information blocks is received in accordance with the indication.14.A transmitting device (610) for wireless communication, the transmitting device (610) being configured to:generate a physical broadcast channel, PBCH, payload and a scrambling sequence;scramble the PBCH payload using the scrambling sequence to generate scrambled payload;attach to the scrambled payload a cyclic redundancy check, CRC, information to generate CRC-protected scrambled payload;encode the CRC-protected scrambled payload using fountain codes to obtain a plurality of encoded information blocks; andmap the encoded information blocks to physical resources for transmission.15.A receiving device (620A, 620B) for wireless communication, the receiving device being configured to:receive, from a transmitting device (610) , one or more encoded information blocks from a physical broadcast channel, PBCH; andprocess at least a subset of the one or more encoded information blocks using fountain codes decoding to obtain a PBCH payload.16.A wireless communication system (600) comprising at least one transmitting device (610) according to claim 14 and one or more receiving devices (620A, 620B) according to claim 15.17.A computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
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