Establishment of computing session
The introduction of a Computing Management Function (CMF) addresses the challenge of establishing computing sessions in 6G networks by integrating computing resources into wireless communication systems, ensuring efficient and optimized resource utilization for end-to-end service experiences.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/135413
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in establishing computing sessions efficiently, particularly in 6G networks, where the convergence of mobile networks and computing is required for new services, necessitating the integration of computing resources and communication networks on demand.
The introduction of a Computing Management Function (CMF) that registers computing nodes and consumers, enabling the establishment of computing sessions by exchanging IDs and IP addresses, and managing computing tasks through a service-based architecture, with support for both control and user planes.
Enables efficient and optimized integration of computing resources into wireless communication systems, providing deterministic end-to-end service experiences by leveraging network resources to meet computing demands and improving resource utilization.
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Figure CN2024135413_16102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPUTING SESSION
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to establishment of a computing session.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] With the development of the communication, new services of 6G and future networks require ultimate experience, which calls for the convergence of mobile network and computing. Mobile network and computing convergence (MNCC) provides the integrated communication and computing services through mobile network on-demand. For communication networks, for example, regarding the MNCC, there are some issues to be addressed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support establishment of a computing session .
[0005] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request, and transmitting, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response.
[0006] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving the first ID of the first node and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session from the AMF or a session management function (SMF) , where the IP address of a computing session is the IP address used by the first node for the computing session.
[0007] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include receiving the first ID and the IP address of the computing session from the SMF, and the first ID is the ID of the UE, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the AMF, the ID of the UE and information of the SMF associated with the computing session, and transmitting, to the SMF, a request for the IP address of the computing session.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include in the case that the first ID is the ID of the UE, receiving an uplink (UL) packet from the UE, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the UE as a payload of the UL packet and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet, or in the case that the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, receiving an UL packet from the RAN node, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the RAN node as a payload of the UL packet and an IP address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet.
[0009] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing session establishment request, and triggering a N4 session establishment procedure towards UPF for the computing session.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving a computing task, which comprises at least one of a total latency required by the computing task, a computing data volume required by the computing task, a type of computing resources required by the computing task, an amount of computing resources required by the computing task.
[0011] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining a computing latency of the computing task in the case that the computing registration request comprises the computing latency, or determine the computing latency of the computing task based on the computing data volume required by a computing task and the mapping between the computing data volume and the computing latency in the case that the computing registration request comprises the mapping, and determining a communication delay required by the computing task by subtracting the computing latency from the total latency required by the computing task.
[0012] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the SMF or the AMF, the ID of the UE, an ID of a computing task and quality of service (QoS) requirements associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF, wherein the QoS requirement comprises computing data volume, maximum data burst volume (MDBV) , a maximum data rate and a communication delay required by the computing task.
[0013] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the UE via the AMF or via the SMF or via a UPF, an ID of a computing task and at least one requirement of the computing task, wherein the at least one requirement of the computing task comprises at least one of the type of computing resource, the amount of computing resources, the computing data volume or computing latency of the computing task.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID of the first node may comprise one of an ID of a user equipment (UE) or an ID of a radio access network (RAN) node.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the computing registration request may comprise at least one of the following: a type of computing resources, an amount of computing resources, computing latency, or a mapping between computing data volume and computing latency.
[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the computing registration response may comprise at least one of the following: information of the CMF, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a control plane (CP) path, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a user plane (UP) path, a data network name (DNN) , or an ID of a computing management (CM) session.
[0017] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing session may be established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) , or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing session may be established between the RAN node and the UPF.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request may be in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container may be transparent to the AMF, or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request may be in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information may be transparent to the AMF.
[0019] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, receiving, from a first node, a computing registration request, determining a computing management function (CMF) for the first node, and transmitting, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request.
[0020] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the CMF by: transmitting, to a network repository function (NRF) , a request for discovering the CMF, and determining the CMF based on information of the CMF provided by the NRF.
[0021] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the CMF, the first ID and a computing registration response.
[0022] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the first node, the first ID and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session, where the IP address of the computing session is the IP address of the first node, and transmitting, to the CMF, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session.
[0023] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first node may comprise one of a user equipment (UE) or a radio access network (RAN) node with computing capability or a computing requirement.
[0024] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session may be contained in a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF.
[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first node may be the UE, and the computing session may be established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) , or the first node may be the RAN node, and the computing session may be established between the RAN node and the UPF.
[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID is the ID of the UE. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the CMF, the ID of the UE, and information of a session management function (SMF) associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF.
[0027] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request may be in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container may be transparent to the AMF, or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request may be in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information may be transparent to the AMF.
[0028] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, receiving, from a radio access network (RAN) node, a computing session establishment request , wherein the computing session establishment request comprises an identity (ID) of the RAN node, access network (AN) tunnel information and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing management function (CMF) , and transmitting, to the RAN node, a computing session establishment response, wherein the computing session establishment response comprises core network (CN) tunnel information and an IP address for a computing session between the RAN node and a user plane function (UPF) .
[0029] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may include, transmitting, to the CMF, the ID of the RAN node and an IP address of the computing session, where the IP address of the computing session is the IP address used by the RAN node for the computing session.
[0030] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may include, receiving information of the CMF from an access and mobility management function (AMF) or the RAN node.
[0031] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the AN tunnel information may comprise at least one of an IP address of the RAN node or a first tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID) for a user plane part of general packet radio service (GPRS) tunnel protocol (GTP-U) tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the RAN node side, or the CN tunnel information may comprise at least one of the IP address of the UPF or a second TEID for the GTP-U tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the UPF side.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 1B illustrates an architecture of mobile network and computing associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart illustrating an example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 3 illustrates example protocol stacks between the 5G access network (5G-AN) and the CMF via a control plane.
[0036] FIG. 4 illustrates example protocol stacks between the UE and the CMF via a control plane.
[0037] FIG. 5 illustrates example protocol stacks between the 5G-AN and the CMF via a user plane.
[0038] FIG. 6 illustrates example protocol stacks between the UE and the CMF via a user plane.
[0039] FIG. 7 illustrates a first example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 8 illustrates a second example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 9 illustrates a third example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 10 illustrates a fourth example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 11 illustrates a fifth example process in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIGS. 12 through 14 illustrates an example of a device that support establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIGS. 15 through 17 illustrates an example of a processor that support establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0049] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0051] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0052] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0053] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0054] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0055] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a user equipment and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0056] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a user equipment can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto BS, a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. The network device may further refer to a network function (NF) in the core network, for example, an SMF, an AMF, a PCF, a UPF or devices with same function in future network architectures, and so forth.
[0057] As used herein, the term “user equipment (UE) ” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a user equipment may also be referred to as a mobile termination (MT) . Besides, a user equipment may also be referred to as a communication device, a terminal device, an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The user equipment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable user equipment, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture user equipment such as a digital camera, a gaming user equipment, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless user equipment, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “user equipment, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “mobile terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0058] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports data collection in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0059] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0060] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0061] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0062] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0063] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0064] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0065] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0066] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0067] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0068] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0069] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0070] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as registration management, mobility management, connection management, access authentication / authorization etc. for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0071] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0072] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0073] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0074] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0075] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0076] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0077] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0078] In 5G, the 5GC and edge data network are two separate networks that are operated, controlled and managed independently. 5GC is not aware of the QoS provided by the edge data network, and the edge data network has no knowledge about the network conditions of the access network or terminal. It is proposed that 5G system to get the information and status of the edge server, such as location, capability, usage, bandwidth, latency, throughput, etc. and the edge data network to get access network and terminal information, such as latency, throughput, capacity, coverage area, number of users, reliability, etc.
[0079] The architecture of 6G MNCC includes communication and computing orchestration (CCO) , and communication and computing session management (CCSM) . Both CCO and CCSM have communication part and computing part, which are responsible for the communication and computing in a coordinated way. For example, the computing part considers the status of the communication network and vice-versa. Computing task may be executed in any computing execution, e.g., RAN node, UE, CN user plane, edge / cloud and dedicated computing node etc. The end to end (E2E) session management function supports the communication session management and the computing session management.
[0080] New services of 6G and future networks requires ultimate experience, which calls for the convergence of mobile network and computing. MNCC provides the integrated communication and computing services through mobile network on-demand. Besides, mobile network and computing convergence is based on mobile network infrastructure, which introduces two key innovative architectural capabilities: network integration with computing force and unified scheduling of communication and computing force. Therefore, the network and computing convergence can provide a deterministic and optimized end-to-end service experience that leverages the network to assist computing, adjusts the network based on computing demands, and improves the utilization of mobile network and computing resources.
[0081] In order to realize the MNCC mentioned above, it is proposed that the following key capabilities can be supported: wide-area continuous computing force coverage, computing resource awareness and discovery, E2E experience guarantee, terminal-in-network-edge-cloud computing coordination and the path selection and optimization.
[0082] In 6G system, the computing execution is integrated in terminal, network and edge to execute the computing tasks. It is assumed that 6G core (6GC) may be an evolved 5GC(e5GC) . Such 6GC / e5GC will have a mixture of legacy 5G network functions (NFs) and some new 6G NFs where needed. Therefore, a new network function supports the above key capabilities by utilizing the computing forces in terminal, network and edge is introduced into the 6GC / e5GC. The new network function may be called computing management function (CMF) , as shown in FIG. 1B. The CMF is defined as a core network function, which supports service-based architecture (SBA) interface. The CMF registers itself to the network repository function (NRF) . Other 5GC / 6GC NF discovers the CMF by requesting the NRF. The 6G AMF / SMF (or other NFs) may be different from 5G AMF / SMF (or other NFs) . The RAN node may connect to the 6GC via the SBA interface.
[0083] In order to enable the RAN / UE to be involved in the MNCC network, both the control plane and the user plane solution may be considered. The computing session is defined as the session between the RAN / UE and the CMF, which enables the RAN / UE to request for the computing service or being allocated with computing tasks via the user plane. The main function of CMF and protocol stacks for computing session, how RAN / UE establishes the computing session towards CMF are to be solved and how CMF knows the IP address of RAN / UE for the computing session. In addition, how to assign computing task to RAN / UE is to be solved.
[0084] In view of the above discussions, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for establishment of a computing session. In one aspect of the solution of the present disclosure, an apparatus for performing a CMF receives a first ID of a first node and a computing registration request from an AMF. Then the apparatus for performing the CMF transmits the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response to the AMF. In this way, the first node is registered to the CMF as either computing node or computing consumer. After that, the computing session may be established between the CMF and the first node. Principles and implementations of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2-20.
[0085] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 200 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a CMF 201, an AMF 202, and a SMF 203. The CMF 201 in FIG. 2 may be an example of core network 106 in FIG. 1A. The AMF 202 in FIG. 2 may be an example of core network 106 in FIG. 1A. The SMF 203 in FIG. 2 may be an example of core network 106 in FIG. 1A. It would be appreciated that although the process 200 is applied to in the communication environment 100 of FIG. 1A, this process may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios with similar issues.
[0086] The CMF 201 may support collecting computing force information from each computing node / entity, e.g., UE, RAN, edge application server (EAS) , application server (AS) , UPF, AMF, SMF etc., a terminal or network node that supports computing first register to the CMF 201, which enables the CMF 201 to collect information and assign computing task to them. The CMF 201 may also support receiving a computing service request from a computing consumer, e.g., UE, RAN, EAS, AS, UPF, AMF, SMF etc. ; transferring computing results to computing consumer. The computing consumer can be a terminal or a network node that needs computing resources. For example, for XR rendering, if the computation is performed only on the terminal side, it may result in a risk of large rendering processing delay due to the limitation of computing force. In this case, the terminal UE may request for computing service as the computing consumer towards the CMF.
[0087] The CMF 201 may further support assigning computing task to computing node. For example, CMF may take load, computing force information, locations of all the computing nodes or terminals into consideration and select the appropriate computing node / terminal for the computing task. In addition, the CMF 201 may support computing related event exposure. For example, AF / AS may subscribe to 5GC / 6GC for computing force information. AF / AS may adjust the computing task accordingly based on the computing force information.
[0088] In the process 200, the AMF 202 receives 210 a computing registration request from a first node. The first node may be an example of network entity 102 (e.g., a RAN node) or UE 104 in FIG. 1A. In addition, the first node may comprise a user equipment (UE) or a RAN node with computing capability or a computing requirement.
[0089] In some embodiments, the computing registration request may comprise a type of computing resources, an amount of computing resources, computing latency, a mapping between computing data volume and computing latency, or any combination of two or more of the above-mentioned items.
[0090] In some embodiments, if the first node is a UE, the AMF 202 receives the subscription data of the UE from unified data management (UDM) . If there’s an indication that the UE is authorized to operate as a computing UE or a computing consumer, the AMF 202 continues with step 215. Otherwise, the AMF 202 rejects the UE with a cause value setting to “not authorized as the computing UE or computing consumer” . If the first node is a RAN node, it is assumed that’s the AMF 202 is pre-configured by operations administration and maintenance (OAM) with the authorization information for the RAN node. Alternatively, the AMF 202 may request network exposure function (NEF) / OAM to check whether the RAN node is authorized to operate as a computing node or computing server.
[0091] Continuing with reference to FIG. 2, the AMF 202 determines 215 a CMF for the first node. In some embodiments, the AMF 202 may determine the CMF 201 for the first node based on CMF information. The CMF information may be provided by the first node, e.g., the RAN node, together with the computing registration request. The CMF information may include an ID of the CMF 201, an IP address of the CMF 201 or a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the CMF etc. It is assumed that at least the IP address of the CMF 201 is included in the CMF information.
[0092] In some embodiments, in order to determine the CMF 201, the AMF 202 may transmit a request for discovering the CMF to an NRF. Based on information of the CMF provided by the NRF, the AMF 202 may determine the CMF 201. The CMF 201 may register in the NRF, which enables other NF to discover it and register to it. It is assumed that the CMF 201 could collect the computing resource information of 5GC NF directly via a service based interface (SBI) interface. Besides, the 5GC NF may send a computing request to the CMF 201 via the SBI interface. The CMF 201 may assign computing task to 5GC NF via the SBI interface.
[0093] For example, if the CMF information is not provided by the RAN node, the AMF 202 may select the CMF 201 by itself based on the N2 CM information contained in the N2 message from the RAN node. Alternatively, the AMF 202 may select the CMF 201 by itself based on the non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container contained in the NAS message from the UE. That is, if the AMF 202 finds out that N2 CM information / NAS-CM container is contained in the N2 / NAS message from the RAN node / UE, the AMF 202 decides to select the CMF 201 for the RAN node / UE. It is assumed that the CMF 201 registers itself to the NRF. The AMF 202 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) , e.g., request NRF to discover the NFs with CMF as the NF type. The AMF 202 may also include the RAN node / UE location, and the NRF may provide the CMF (s) which covers the RAN node / UE location. The AMF 202 may select the CMF 201 based on CMF load, RAN node / UE location etc.
[0094] Continuing with reference to FIG. 2, the AMF 202 transmits 220 a first ID of the first node and the computing registration request 225 to the CMF 201. The first ID of the first node is used for the AMF 202 and CMF 201 to identify the RAN node or the UE.
[0095] In some embodiments, the first ID of the first node may comprise an ID of a UE or an ID of a RAN node. The ID of the UE may be a subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) or a 5G globally unique temporary UE identity (5G-GUTI) . The ID of the RAN node may be a global gNB ID or in other forms.
[0096] Correspondingly, the CMF 201 may receive 230 the first ID of the first node and the computing registration request 225 from the AMF 202. Then the CMF 201 may trigger a N4 session establishment procedure towards UPF for the computing session.
[0097] The CMF 201 transmits 235 the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response 240 to the AMF 202. On the other side of the communication, the AMF 202 may receive 245 the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response 240 from the CMF 201.
[0098] In some embodiments, the computing registration response may comprise information of the CMF, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a control plane (CP) path, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a user plane (UP) path, a data network name (DNN) , an ID of a computing management (CM) session, or any combination of two or more of the above-mentioned items.
[0099] In an example, if the CP path is selected, the IP address of the CMF may be used for the RAN node / UE to connect to the CMF 201 via the control plane. Alternatively, the CMF information may only include CMF ID or no CMF information is provided in the computing registration response. In another example, if UP path is selected, the IP address of the CMF may be used for the computing session (i.e., the user plane) as the target IP address for the uplink data / message. In addition, the CM session ID and / or CMF information may be transmitted together with the computing registration response in case of the UP path is selected. The IP address of the CMF may be used for CP and UP may be the same or different.
[0100] In addition, the AMF 202 may further transmit the computing registration response to the first node.
[0101] Continuing with reference to FIG. 2, the SMF 203 receives 250 a computing session establishment request from a first node (e.g., a RAN node or a UE) . If the first node is a RAN node, the computing session establishment request comprises an ID of the RAN node, AN tunnel information and an IP address of a CMF. If the first node is a UE, the computing session establishment request comprises an ID of the UE, an IP address of a CMF etc.
[0102] If the first node is a RAN node, additionally, the AN tunnel information may comprise an IP address of the RAN node, a first TEID for a user plane part of general packet radio service (GPRS) tunnel protocol (GTP-U) tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the RAN node side, or a combination of above two items. If the first node is a UE, the serving RAN node of the UE will provide the AN tunnel information towards the SMF 203.
[0103] The AN tunnel information is used for the GTP-U tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF, which includes the IP address of the RAN node and a TEID allocated for the computing session. Besides, it is assumed that the RAN node / UE may be pre-configured with a dedicated DNN and / or single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI) for computing. The RAN node / UE may also include the DNN and / or S-NSSAI in the computing session establishment request. Dedicate DNN and / or S-NSSAI means dedicated DNN, or dedicated S-NSSAI, or dedicated DNN and S-NSSAI.
[0104] In addition, the SMF 203 may trigger a N4 session establishment towards the UPF. In this case, the N4 session between the RAN node and UPF is associate with the computing session between the RAN node and the CMF 201 or the computing session between the UE and the CMF 201. For example, SMF 203 selects the UPF for the computing session, and instructs the UPF to establish the N4 session for the computing session by providing packet filter (e.g., including CMF IP address) and AN tunnel information. Alternatively, the SMF 203 may provide the AN tunnel information later after obtains it from the serving RAN node in case that the first node is a UE. The IP address for the computing session may be allocated by the SMF 203 or the UPF and is to be used by the RAN node / UE. If the IP address is allocated by the SMF 203, then the SMF 203 may also include it in the packet filter. Specifically, CMF IP address and the allocated IP address are set as the source IP address and target IP address for UL respectively in the UL packet filter. Besides, the allocated IP address and CMF IP address are set as the source IP address and target IP address for DL respectively in the DL packet filter. The UPF responds the SMF 203 with CN tunnel information for the GTP-U tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF, which includes the IP address of the UPF and the TEID allocated for the computing session.
[0105] Continuing with reference to FIG. 2, the SMF 203 transmits 255 a computing session establishment response to the first node (e.g., a RAN node or a UE) . If the first node is a RAN node, the computing session establishment response comprises CN tunnel information and an allocated IP address for a computing session, which will be used by the RAN node. If the first node is a UE, the computing session establishment response comprises an allocated IP address for the computing session, which will be used by the UE.
[0106] If the first node is a RAN node, additionally, the CN tunnel information may comprise the IP address of the UPF, a second TEID for the GTP-U tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the UPF side, or a combination of above two items.
[0107] It is assumed that the CMF 201 communicates with the RAN node / UE via the IP network. That is, CM layer is in the form of IP packet or CM layer is above an IP layer. Then after establishing the computing session, the remaining issue is how CMF knows the target IP address if it wants to send data / message to the RAN node / UE. The IP address of the RAN node (e.g., gNB IP address) can’t be used here. If the CMF 201 sends out an IP packet with the target IP address setting to a gNB IP address, the IP gateway may not be able to route the IP packet towards the correct UPF. So the target IP address may be the allocated IP address for the computing session, which is used by the RAN node / UE. In this case, a packet with the targeting IP address setting to the allocated IP address can be routed to the correct UPF.
[0108] In some embodiments, the AMF 202 may receive the first ID and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session from the first node. The IP address of the computing session may be the IP address of the first node. Then the AMF 202 may transmit the first ID and the IP address of the computing session to the CMF 201.
[0109] Additionally, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session may be contained in a NAS-CM container between the UE and the CMF 201. The NAS-CM container is contained in the NAS message between the UE and the AMF 202, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF 202.
[0110] If the first ID is the ID of the UE, the AMF 202 may further transmit the ID of the UE, and information of the SMF 203 associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF 201 to the CMF 201. For example, the AMF 202 may send the ID of the UE, the information of the SMF 203 (e.g., an ID of the SMF 203, the IP address of the SMF 203 or the FQDN of the SMF 203, etc. ) associated with the computing session to the CMF 201. The AMF 202 may also provide the CM session ID / PDU session ID.
[0111] In some embodiments, the SMF 203 may transmit 260 the ID of the first node (e.g., a RAN node or a UE) and an IP address of the computing session 265 to the CMF 201. The IP address of the computing session is the IP address used by the first node for the computing session.
[0112] In some embodiments, the CMF 201 may further receive 270 the first ID of the first node and an IP address of a computing session 265 from the SMF 203. The IP address of a computing session may be the IP address used by the first node for the computing session. Alternatively, the CMF 201 may also receive the first ID of the first node and an IP address of a computing session 265 from the AMF 202.
[0113] If the CMF 201 receives 270 the first ID and the IP address of the computing session 265 from the SMF 203, and the first ID is the ID of the UE, the CMF 201 may receive the ID of the UE and information of the SMF associated with the computing session from the AMF 202, and transmit a request for the IP address of the computing session to the SMF 203.
[0114] If the CMF 201 receives the first ID and the IP address of the computing session from the AMF 202, and the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, the AMF 202 may receive the ID of the RAN node and the IP address of the computing session from the RAN node and forward the RAN node and the IP address of the computing session to the CMF 201. It is assumed that the ID of the RAN node and the allocated IP address of the computing session may be included in N2-CM information as shown in FIG. 3 below.
[0115] Alternatively or additionally, if the first ID is the ID of the UE, the computing session may be established between the UE and a UPF. Additionally, if the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, the computing session may be established between the RAN node and the UPF.
[0116] In addition, if the first ID is the ID of the UE, the CMF 201 may receive an UL packet from the UE, and the UL packet may comprise the ID of the UE as a payload of the UL packet and an IP address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet. Alternatively, if the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, the CMF 201 may receive an UL packet from the RAN node, and the UL packet may comprise the ID of the RAN node as a payload of the UL packet and an IP address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet.
[0117] Alternatively or additionally, the AMF 202 may transmit 275 the first ID of the first node and information of the CMF 280 to the SMF 203. On the other side of the communication, the SMF 203 may further receive 285 the first ID of the first node and information of the CMF 280 from the AMF 202. Alternatively, the SMF 203 may also receive the information of the CMF from the RAN node / UE. With the information of the CMF 201 the SMF 203 is able to provide the ID of the RAN node / UE and the allocated IP address to the CMF 201 directly.
[0118] In some embodiments, the CMF 201 may further receive a computing task. The computing task may comprise a total latency required by the computing task, a computing data volume required by the computing task, a type of computing resources required by the computing task, an amount of computing resources required by the computing task, or any combination of two or more of the above-mentioned items.
[0119] The computing task may be provided by an application function (AF) via a NEF, or from other 5GC NFs, or from the NG-RAN node, or from the UE. The CMF 201 may allocate computing task ID and may bind the computing task with dedicated IP address and / or port number. In this way, CMF may optionally determine the dedicated CMF IP address and / or port number associated with the computing task.
[0120] Alternatively or additionally, if the computing registration request comprises the computing latency, the CMF 201 may determine a computing latency of the computing task based on the computing latency contained in the computing registration request. Additionally, if the computing registration request comprises the mapping between the computing data volume and the computing latency, the CMF 201 may determine the computing latency of the computing task based on the computing data volume required by a computing task and the mapping. After that, the CMF 201 may determine a communication delay required by the computing task by subtracting the computing latency from the total latency required by the computing task.
[0121] If the first ID is the ID of the UE, the CMF 201 may transmit the ID of the UE, an ID of a computing task and QoS requirements associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF to the SMF 203 or the AMF 202. The QoS requirement may comprise computing data volume, maximum data burst volume (MDBV) , a maximum data rate and a communication delay required by the computing task, or any combination of two or more of the above-mentioned items. Alternatively or additionally, if the CMF 201 transmits the ID of the UE, the ID of a computing task and the QoS requirements to the SMF 203, the SMF 203 may bind the computing data flow of the UE with a dedicated computing task ID to a new QoS flow and no other computing data flow is bound to this QoS flow. Then the SMF 203 may transmit the ID of the UE, an ID of a computing task and QoS requirements UE ID, a QoS flow identifier (QFI) and the QoS requirements to a RAN node. Alternatively, if the CMF 201 transmits the ID of the UE, the ID of a computing task and the QoS requirements to the AMF 202, the AMF 202 may forward the ID of the UE, the ID of the computing task and the QoS requirements to the RAN node.
[0122] In some embodiments, the CMF 201 may further transmit an ID of a computing task and at least one requirement of the computing task to the UE via the AMF 202 or via the SMF 203 or via a UPF. The at least one requirement of the computing task may comprise the type of computing resource, the amount of computing resources, the computing data volume or computing latency of the computing task, or any combination of two or more of the above-mentioned items.
[0123] In some embodiments, if the first ID is the ID of the UE, the computing registration request may be in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF. The NAS-CM container is contained in the NAS message between the UE and the AMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF. If the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, the computing registration request may be in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF. The N2 CM information is contained in the N2 message between the RAN node and the AMF and the content of the N2 CM information is transparent to the AMF.
[0124] FIG. 3 illustrates example protocol stacks between the 5G access network (5G-AN) and the CMF via a control plane. For the protocol stacks for computing plane (via Control Plane) , N2 CM information is introduced between AN (e.g., 5G RAN, 6G RAN, non-3GPP Access node etc. ) and the CMF 201, which enables the CMF 201 to collect computing force information from the AN and assign the computing task to the AN etc. N2-CM information / container is contained in NG-AP message, which is similar as N2 SM information / container. N2 CM information is used between the AN and the CMF 201, which is transparent to the AMF 202. It assumes that the CMF 201 also use the SBI interface to connect with other 5GC / 6GC NFs. There’s Nx interface between the AMF 202 and the CMF 201.
[0125] FIG. 4 illustrates example protocol stacks between the UE and the CMF via a control plane. As shown in FIG. 4, the CM layer is introduced between the UE and the CMF 201, which enables the CMF 201 to collect computing force information from the UE and assign the computing task to the UE etc. The CM layer may be in the form of the NAS-CM, which is contained in the NAS message (e.g., NAS-MM) . The NAS-CM container is used between the UE and the CMF 201, which is transparent to the AMF 202.
[0126] It is assumed that the AMF 202 helps the AN and the UE to register to the CMF 201, e.g., selects an appropriate CMF, which enables the CMF to know the existence of the computing capable AN and the UE. Specifically, if the AN has a direct interface towards the CMF, then the AN may register to the CMF by itself. Or if the AN also has an SBI interface towards the 5GC / 6GC, then it is able to connect to the CMF via an SBI interface by itself.
[0127] FIG. 5 illustrates example protocol stacks between the 5G-AN and the CMF via a user plane. As shown in FIG. 5, the CM layer is introduced between the AN and the CMF 201, which enables the CMF 201 to collect computing force information from the AN and assign computing task to the AN etc. The CM layer may be the same or different from the one shown in FIG. 4. The CM layer may be the IP packet or other type of packets / messages. Alternatively, there’s an IP layer between AN and CMF under the CM layer.
[0128] FIG. 6 illustrates example protocol stacks between the UE and the CMF via a user plane. As shown in FIG. 6, the CM layer is introduced between the UE and the CMF 201, which enables the CMF 201 to collect computing force information from the UE and assign computing task to the UE etc. The CM layer may be the same or different from the one shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. Alternatively, there’s an IP layer between AN and CMF under the CM layer.
[0129] FIG. 7 illustrates a first example process 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 700 may involve a NG-RAN 701, an AMF 702, a SMF 703, a UPF 704 and a CMF 705. The NG-RAN 701 is an example of the AN. The AMF 702 in FIG. 7 may be an example of the AMF 202 in FIG. 2. The SMF 703 in FIG. 7 may be an example of the SMF 203 in FIG. 2. The CMF 705 in FIG. 3 may be an example of the CMF 201 in FIG. 2. It is understood that the process 700 can be considered as a more specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0130] At 711, the NG-RAN 701 may be configured with the CMF information. The CMF information may comprise a CMF ID, a CMF IP address or FQDN of the CMF etc. The OAM may configure the CMF IP address per PLMN, or per PLMN per TA (s) , or per PLMN per slice, or per slice (e.g., S-NSSAI, DNN) etc. The NG-RAN 711 may determine the CMF information based on the PLMN, or the PLMN and TA, or the PLMN and the slice, or the slice.
[0131] Alternatively, the NG-RAN 701 may obtain the CMF information from the CMF 705 via a registration procedure towards the CMF 705 via the AMF 702. At 713, the NG-RAN 701 may send a computing registration request to the AMF 702. The computing registration request includes a RAN node ID, computing resource / force information. Additionally, the NG-RAN 701 may send the CMF information together with the computing registration request to the AMF 702. In addition, the NG-RAN 701 may register to the CMF 705 in order to assign computing task to the CMF 705. In this case, the NG-RAN 701 may indicate the computing service consumer in the computing registration request instead of the computing resource / force information. If the NG-RAN is a computing node and also a computing consumer, then both computing service consumer indication and computing resource / force information will be contained in the computing registration request. The computing registration request may be in the form of N2 CM information contained in the N2 message from NG-RAN.
[0132] At 715, if the CMF information is not provided by NG-RAN, the AMF 702 may select the CMF by itself based on the N2 CM information. The AMF 702 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) .
[0133] At 717, the AMF 702 sends the RAN node ID and the computing registration request to the selected CMF or the CMF provided by the NG-RAN 701. The RAN node ID is used for the AMF 702 and the CMF 705 to identify the NG-RAN 701.
[0134] At 719, the CMF 705 responds the AMF 702 with the RAN node ID and the computing registration response. The computing registration response may include CMF information, CP or UP path indication. At 721, the AMF 702 forwards the computing registration response to the NG-RAN 701 based on the RAN node ID. Alternatively, if the NG-RAN 701 connects to the 5GC / 6GC directly via an SBI interface, then the NG-RAN 701 may register to the CMF 705 directly instead of via the AMF 702. For example, the NG-RAN 701 may request the NRF to discover the CMF 705 for itself. The NG-RAN 701 sends the computing registration request to the CMF 705 and the CMF 705 response to the NG-RAN 701 directly. After the computing registration procedure, the CMF 705 may subscribe for the NG-RAN 701 computing force update via the AMF 702 or directly. Alternatively, the NG-RAN 701 may send a computing registration update request to the CMF 705 (via the AMF 702 or not) in order to provide the updated computing force information.
[0135] At 723, the NG-RAN 701 sends computing session establishment request to the SMF 703. The computing session establishment request may include the RAN node ID, the AN tunnel information and the CMF IP address. At 725, the SMF 703 triggers a N4 session establishment towards the UPF 704. The UPF 704 may provide the SMF 703 with the CN tunnel information and the allocated IP address for the N4 / computing session.
[0136] At 727, the SMF 703 sends a computing session establishment response to the NG-RAN 701. The computing session establishment response may include the CN tunnel information and the allocated IP address. The allocated IP address will be used by the NG-RAN 701 to communicate with the CMF 705 via the computing session.
[0137] If the CMF 705 wants to send data / message to the NG-RAN 701, the target IP address may be the allocated IP address for the computing session. There are three examples for the CMF 705 obtains the allocated IP address for the computing session.
[0138] In the first example, at 729 and 731, the NG-RAN 701 sends an UL IP packet with source IP address setting to the allocated IP address, the target IP address setting to the CMF IP address, and the RAN node ID contained in the IP payload to the CMF 705 through the UPF. The CMF 705 receives the UL data and record the mapping of the RAN node ID and the source IP address (i.e., the allocated IP address) . When the CMF 705 has DL data / message towards the NG-RAN 701, it sets the target IP address to the allocated IP address.
[0139] In the second example, at 733, the NG-RAN 701 sends the RAN node ID and the allocated IP address to the AMF 702. At 735, the AMF 702 forwards the RAN node ID and the allocated IP address to the CMF 705.
[0140] In the third example, at 737, the SMF 703 sends the RAN node ID and the allocated IP address to the CMF 705 directly. The NG-RAN 701 provide the RAN node ID in the N2 SM information, e.g., in the computing session establishment. Besides, it is assumed that either the NG-RAN 701 or the AMF 702 provides the CMF information to the SMF 703. In this way, the SMF 703 is able to provide the RAN node ID and the allocated IP address to the CMF 705 directly.
[0141] The process 700 may also be applied to a sensing case. For example, the NG-RAN 701 registers to the sensing function (SF) and establishing a sensing session between the NG-RAN 701 and the SF. Similar procedure can be considered. The computing resource / force information may be replaced with sensing capability information. The CMF information may be replaced by SF information etc.
[0142] FIG. 8 illustrates a second example process 800 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 800 may involve a UE 801, a NG-RAN 802, an AMF 803, a SMF 804, a UPF 805 and a CMF 806. The NG-RAN 802 is an example of the AN. The AMF 803 in FIG. 8 may be an example of the AMF 202 in FIG. 2. The SMF 804 in FIG. 8 may be an example of the SMF 203 in FIG. 2. The CMF 806 in FIG. 8 may be an example of the CMF 201 in FIG. 2. It is understood that the process 800 can be considered as a more specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0143] In the process 800, it is assumed that a UE computing session between the UE 801 and the CMF 806 is established with the assistance of the SMF 804, which is similar as the PDU session establishment. The computing session can be realized by reusing the PDU session establishment / modification procedure with new parameters, or by defining new procedures of computing session establishment / modification. In the process 800, the UE is a computing UE, which has the computing capability and may request for a computing task towards the CMF 806.
[0144] At 811, the UE 801 transmits a registration request to the AMF 803, which includes UE ID#1 (subscription concealed identifier (SUCI) or 5G-GUTI or permanent equipment identifier (PEI) ) , and at least one of computing capable indication and computing resource / force information. The computing capable indication may not be included in the computing registration request. Computing resource / force information may be contained in the NAS-CM container. The NAS-CM container is included in the NAS message (e.g., NAS-MM) between the UE 801 and the AMF 803. If the computing resource / force information exists, computing capable indication may be optional. The AMF 803 may translate UE ID#1 into UE ID#2 (e.g., SUPI or 5G-GUTI etc. ) . Alternatively, the UE 801 may register to the CMF 806 in order to assign computing task to the CMF 806. In this case, the UE 801 may indicate the computing service consumer in the computing registration request instead of the computing resource / force information. If the UE 801 is a computing UE and also a computing consumer, then both computing service consumer indication and computing resource / force information will be contained in the computing registration request. If the UE 801 is a computing UE and also a computing consumer, then both computing service consumer indication and computing resource / force information will be contained in the computing registration request.
[0145] Upon receiving the NAS-CM container or the computing capable indication, the AMF 803 selects a CMF for the UE 801 based on e.g., the UE location, the CMF load etc. The AMF 803 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) , e.g., request the NRF to discover the NFs with CMF as the NF type. If the DNN is included in the registration request, the AMF 803 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) for the DNN. At 813, the AMF 803 transmits UE ID#2 (e.g., SUPI or 5G-GUTI etc. ) , the computing resource / force information to the selected CMF 806.
[0146] At 815, the CMF 806 responses the AMF 803 with UE ID#2 and at least one of the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication, and the CMF information. The at least one of the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication, and the CMF information may be provided in the form of NAS-CM container. The CM session ID and / or CMF information may exist in case of the UP path is selected. The DNN may be pre-configured in the UE or provided by the CMF 806. The UE may use the DNN as an input for the UE route selection policy (URSP) rule and determine the PDU session / computing session attributes accordingly. The DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication, and the CMF information may be contained in the NAS-CM container in the NAS message for the AMF 803. That means, all the parameters in NAS-CM container are transparent to the AMF 803. The CMF 806 may also provide the CMF information to the AMF 803. Alternatively, the UE 801 may be configured by the core network with the mapping of dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI and the FQDN of the CMF 806. E.g., the core network (e.g., PCF) may configure the UE with the UE route selection policy (URSP) rule, which includes FQDN of the CMF 806 as one element of the traffic descriptors, and dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI as element (s) of the Route Selection Descriptor. The UE 801 could obtain the CMF IP address based on a DNS query procedure during or after the computing session establishment by providing the FQDN of the CMF 806. In this case, the CMF 805 may not include CMF IP address in the response at 815.
[0147] At 817, the AMF 803 transmits a registration response to the UE 801, which may include the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication and the CMF information. E.g., the AMF 803 forwards the NAS-CM container from the CMF 805 to the UE 801 based on the UE ID provided at 815. After the UE 801 performs registration to the CMF 806, the CMF 806 may transmit the UE ID, the CMF information to the UDM to store the relationship between the UE ID and the CMF 806. It is assumed that the CMF 806 indicates the UE 801 to use the UP path to communicate with it.
[0148] At 819 and 821, the UE 801 transmits a computing session establishment request to the SMF 804 to trigger the computing session establishment procedure. The computing session establishment request includes the CM session ID and the CMF IP address. The CMF IP address may be included or not included in the computing session establishment request. The computing session establishment request may be contained in the NAS-SM container within the NAS message to the AMF 803. The CMF IP address may be contained as the target IP address in the UL packet filter provided by the UE 801. Alternatively, the AMF 803 may provide the UE ID and the CMF IP address. The CM session ID may be assigned by the UE 801 itself or provided by the CMF 806. In this case, the SMF 804 knows that the UE 801 wants to establish a computing session from the message type, i.e., the computing session establishment request. If the PDU session establishment procedure is reused, then the PDU session ID is used instead. The UE 801 may also provide the DNN, S-NSSAI (s) together with the PDU / computing session establishment request. It is assumed that, the dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI is used for computing. That is, upon receiving the dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI, the SMF 804 knows that the UE 801 wants to establish the computing session. The dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI means dedicated DNN, or dedicated S-NSSAI, or dedicated DNN and S-NSSAI.
[0149] It assumes that the URSP rule works as follows. If the CMF 806 provides the CMF IP address and / or the DNN, then the UE 801 takes the CMF IP address and / or the DNN as the traffic descriptor, e.g., the CMF IP address may be regarded as the application server IP address, which maps to the corresponding route selection descriptor (e.g., DNN, S-NSSAI) . The route selection descriptor includes the PDU session attributes, based on which the UE 801 decides to establish a new PDU session or reusing the existing PDU session. In this case, the UE 801 may provide the dedicated DNN and / or S-NSSAI to the SMF 804 which enables the SMF 804 to know that the UE 801 wants to establish a computing session.
[0150] Alternatively, the UE 801 may determine the computing session attributes based on pre-configuration or based on URSP rules for computing. That is, the UE 801 may provide a computing capable indication or the computing resource / force information, then the AMF 803 notifies the policy control function (PCF) about it, or the PCF knows that the UE 801 is a computing UE based on the subscription data in the UDM / unified data repository (UDR) . The PCF may provide URSP rules for computing. Alternatively, the AMF 803 may know the UE 801 is a computing node based on the subscription data from the UDM / UDR. If the NG-RAN 802 connects to the 5GC / 6GC via the SBI interface, then the UE 801 sends the computing session establishment request to the NG-RAN 802, and the NG-RAN 802 sends the UE ID and computing session establishment request to the CMF 806 directly. It is assumed that the AMF 803 provides the CMF information to the NG-RAN 802 or the NG-RAN 802 is pre-configured with the CMF information.
[0151] At 823, the SMF 804 triggers a N4 session establishment procedure towards the UPF 805. The N4 session is associated with the computing session between the UE 801 and the CMF 806. The UPF 805 may provide the SMF 804 with the CN tunnel information and the allocated IP address for the N4 / computing session.
[0152] At 825 and 827, the SMF 804 transmits a computing session establishment response to the UE 801. The computing session establishment response includes the allocated IP address (also called as UE IP address) . If a PDU session establishment procedure is reused, then it is the PDU session establishment accept message. It is assumed that the CMF 806 communicates with the UE 801 via the IP network. That is, the CM layer is in the form of IP packet or above an IP layer. Then after establishing the computing session, the remaining issue is how the CMF 806 knows the target IP address if it wants to send data / message to the UE 801. Similar as in the RAN computing session case, the target IP address may be the UE IP address allocated for the computing session. In this case, a packet with the targeting IP address setting to the UE IP address can be routed to the correct UPF. The following are three examples how the CMF 806 obtains the UE IP address for the UE computing session.
[0153] In the first example, the UE 801 may provide the CMF 806 with the UE IP address via the control plane. At 829, the UE 801 may transmit the UE ID, the CM session ID / PDU session ID and the UE IP address to the AMF 803. At 831, the AMF 803 may forward the UE ID, the CM session ID / PDU session ID and the UE IP address to the CMF 806. The UE ID, the CM session ID / PDU session ID and the UE IP address may be contained in the NAS-CM container in the NAS message towards the AMF 803. Specifically, the CM session ID / PDU session ID may or may not be provided by the UE 801.
[0154] Alternatively, the UE 801 may provide the CMF 806 with the UE IP address via the user plane. At 833, the UE 801 transmits the UE ID, the CM session ID / PDU session ID, the UE IP address to the NG-RAN 802. For example, the UE 801 generates an UL IP packet, which includes the UE ID, the CM session ID / PDU session ID as the IP payload, the UE IP address as the source IP address, and the CMF IP address as the target IP address. At 835, the NG-RAN 802 may forward them via the computing session / PDU session established in 819 to the UPF 805. At 837, the UPF 805 may forward them to the CMF 806 based on the target IP address. Specifically, the CM session ID / PDU session ID may or may not be provided by the UE 801.
[0155] In the second example, the CMF 806 may request for the UE IP address from the SMF 804. At 839, the AMF 803 transmits the UE ID, the SMF information (e.g., the SMF ID, the SMF IP address or the FQDN of the SMF 804 etc. ) associated with the computing session to the CMF 806. The AMF 803 may also provide the CM session ID / PDU session ID. The operation or step 839 may also exist for the first example and the second example, which enables the CMF 806 to know the SMF information that associated with the computing session.
[0156] At 841, based on the SMF information provided by the AMF 803, the CMF 806 may transmit a request for the UE IP address message to the SMF 804. The request for the UE IP address message includes the UE ID, or the UE ID and the CM session ID / PDU session ID. At 843, the SMF 804 transmits the UE ID, and the UE IP address to the CMF 806. Additionally, the SMF 804 may transmit the CM session ID / PDU session ID to the CMF 806. The UE IP address is the UE IP address allocated for the computing session.
[0157] In the third example, the SMF 804 may provide the UE IP address to the CMF 806. At 845, the SMF 804 may identify the computing session. As stated before, the SMF 804 identifies the computing session by either the message type or the dedicate DNN and / or S-NSSAI. At 847, the SMF 804 may transmit a request for the CMF information message to the AMF 803. The request for the CMF information message may include the UE ID. At 849, the AMF 803 may respond the SMF 804 with the UE ID and the CMF information. At 851, the SMF 804 may transmit the UE ID and the UE IP address to the CMF 806. In addition, the SMF 804 may further transmit the CM session ID / PDU session ID to the CMF 806. In this way, it enables the CMF 806 to know the SMF information that associated with the computing session. Alternatively, the AMF 803 provide the UE ID, the CMF information to the SMF 804, and the SMF 804 may provide the UE ID and the UE IP address to the CMF 806. In addition, the SMF 804 may further provide the CM session ID / PDU session ID to the CMF 806.
[0158] FIG. 9 illustrates a third example process 900 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 900 may involve a UE 901, a NG-RAN 902, an AMF 903, a SMF 904, a UPF 905 and a CMF 906. The NG-RAN 902 in FIG. 9 may be an example of the AN. The AMF 903 in FIG. 9 may be an example of the AMF 202 in FIG. 2.The SMF 904 in FIG. 9 may be an example of the SMF 203 in FIG. 2. The CMF 906 in FIG. 9 may be an example of the CMF 201 in FIG. 2. It is understood that the process 900 can be considered as a more specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0159] In the process 900, it is assumed that the CMF assigns the computing task to a computing UE. At 911, the CMF 906 receives a computing task, which may be provided by the AF via the NEF, or from other 5GC NFs, or from a NG-RAN node, or from a UE. The CMF 906 may allocate the computing task ID and may bind the computing task with a dedicated IP address and / or a port number. In this way, the CMF 906 may optionally determine the dedicated CMF IP address and / or the port number associated with the computing task.
[0160] The computing task may include the computing task ID, the required computing data volume or the MDBV, the maximum data rate, an average window, the required latency etc. The required latency is the total latency requirement from the moment that the computing consumer send out the computing task, to the moment that the computing consumer receives the computing results. Then the required latency is the sum of DL packet delay, computing delay and UL packet delay. The CMF 906 determines the required communication delay (e.g., UL and DL packet delay) by subtracting the computing latency of the computing UE from the required latency. Then the CMF 906 is able to set the required communication latency for the NG-RAN node 902 and the UPF 905. The computing UE provides the computing latency, or the mapping of computing data volume and computing latency to the CMF 906 in FIG. 8. If the UE 901 provides the mapping of computing data volume and the computing latency, the CMF 906 determines the computing latency based on the required computing data volume and the mapping.
[0161] At 913, the CMF 906 sends the UE ID, the computing task ID and the computing QoS to the SMF 904. The CMF 906 obtains the SMF information before. The computing QoS may include the computing data volume or the MDBV, the maximum data rate, the required communication latency etc. Additionally, the CM session ID / PDU session ID may also be provided. The CMF 906 may subscribe the QoS monitoring for the packet delay towards the PCF / SMF. The packet delay between the UE and the PDU session anchor (PSA) UPF is a combination of the RAN part of UL / DL packet delay and the UL / DL packet delay between the NG-RAN 902 and the PSA UPF. After obtaining the QoS monitoring results (e.g., UL / DL packet delay) from either PCF / NEF / SMF / UPF, the CMF 906 decides whether the total required latency#1 still can be guaranteed by comparing with the sum of DL packet delay, computing delay and UL packet delay. If not, the CMF 906 may stop the computing task and find another appropriate computing UE / node.
[0162] At 915, the SMF 904 sends the UE ID, the QFI and the computing QoS to the NG-RAN 902. The SMF 904 may also provide the computing session / PDU session ID. It is similar as what the SMF 904 provides to the NG-RAN 902 for the PDU session. It is assumed that the SMF 904 stores the relationship among the UE ID, the AMF 903 and the NG-RAN 902. The SMF 904 determines the AMF 903 and the NG-RAN 902 based on the UE ID.
[0163] Upon receiving computing QoS, The SMF 904 may bind the computing data flow of the UE 901 with a dedicated computing task ID to a new QoS flow and no other computing data flow or service data flow or PCC rule is bound to this QoS flow. If the CMF 906 provides the mapping of the computing task ID and the dedicated IP address and / or the port number, the SMF 904 may bind the computing data flow of the UE 901 with a dedicated CMF IP address and / or a port number to a new QoS flow and no other computing data flow or service data flow or PCC rule is bound to this QoS flow.
[0164] At 917, the NG-RAN 902 sends a response to the SMF. At 919, the SMF 904 sends the UE ID, a computing task ID and the response to the CMF 906. The response can be accepting the computing task or rejecting the computing task. The response may be the one sent by the NG-RAN 902 at 917 or generated by the SMF 904 itself. At 921, the SMF triggers a N4 session modification procedure to the UPF 905, which may include the packet filter set (e.g., with the dedicated CMF IP address and / or port number) and the QoS requirement (e.g., the maximum bitrate, the average window) etc. The CMF 906 also provides the computing task requirement to the UE 901. There are three examples as follows.
[0165] In the first example, the CMF 906 may provide the computing task requirement to the UE 901 via the CP path. At 923, the CMF 906 transmits the UE ID, the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the AMF 903. At 925, the AMF 903 forwards the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the UE 901 based on the UE ID. Optionally, the computing session ID / PDU session ID may also be provided. The computing task requirement includes e.g., the type of computing resource, the amount of computing resources, the computing latency etc.
[0166] In the second example, the CMF 906 may include the computing task requirement at 913. The SMF 904 may then forward UE ID, the computing task and the computing task requirement to the UE 901 via the AMF 903. In this case, the computing session / PDU session ID may also be provided.
[0167] In the third example, the CMF 906 may provide the computing task requirement to the UE 901 via the UP path. At 927, the CMF 906 may transmit the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the UPF 905. At 929, the UPF 905 forwards the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the NG-RAN 902 via the GTP-U tunnel of the computing session. At 931, the NG-RAN 902 forwards the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the UE 901. For example, the CMF 906 generates an DL IP packet, which includes the computing task ID and the computing task requirement as the IP payload, the UE IP address as the target IP address, and the CMF IP address as the source IP address. Additionally, the IP payload may also include the computing session / PDU session ID. The CMF 906 sends the DL IP packet to the UPF 905. The UPF 905 identifies the computing session / PDU session based on the target IP address and forward the DL IP packet to the NG-RAN 902. The NG-RAN 902 sends the DL IP packet to the target UE.
[0168] FIG. 10 illustrates a fourth example process 1000 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 1000 may involve a UE 1001, a NG-RAN 1002, an AMF 1003, a UPF 1004 and a CMF 1005. The NG-RAN 1002 is an example of the AN. The AMF 1003 in FIG. 10 may be an example of the AMF 202 in FIG. 2. The SMF 1004 in FIG. 10 may be an example of the SMF 203 in FIG. 2. The CMF 1005 in FIG. 10 may be an example of the CMF 201 in FIG. 2. It is understood that the process 1000 can be considered as a more specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0169] In the process 1000, it is assumed that a UE computing session between the UE 1001 and the CMF 1005 is established via the CMF 1005, which is different from the PDU session establishment.
[0170] At 1011, the UE 1001 transmits a registration request to the AMF 1003, which includes UE ID#1 (SUCI or 5G-GUTI or PEI) , computing capable indication (optional) and computing resource / force information. The AMF 1003 may translate UE ID#1 into UE ID#2 (e.g., SUPI or 5G-GUTI etc. ) . Alternatively, the UE 1001 may register to the CMF 1005 in order to assign computing task to the CMF 1005. In this case, the UE 1001 may indicate the computing service consumer in the computing registration request instead of the computing resource / force information. If the UE 1001 is a computing UE and also a computing consumer, then both computing service consumer indication and computing resource / force information will be contained in the computing registration request.
[0171] Upon receiving the NAS-CM container or the computing capable indication, the AMF 1003 selects a CMF for the UE 801 based on e.g., the UE location, the CMF load etc. The AMF 1003 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) , e.g., request the NRF to discover the NFs with the CMF 1005 as the NF type. If the DNN is included in the registration request, the AMF 1003 may request the NRF to find the CMF (s) for the DNN. At 1013, the AMF 1003 transmits UE ID#2 (e.g., SUPI or 5G-GUTI etc. ) , the computing resource / force information to the selected CMF 1005.
[0172] At 1015, the CMF 1005 responses AMF 1003 with UE ID#2 and at least one of the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication, and the CMF information. The at least one of the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication, and the CMF information may be contained in the NAS-CM container generated by the CMF 1005.
[0173] At 1017, the AMF 1003 transmits a registration response to the UE 1001, which may include the DNN, the CM session ID, the CP or UP path indication and the CMF information. E.g., the registration response includes the NAS-CM container.
[0174] At 1019, the UE 1001 transmits a computing session establishment request with CM session ID to the AMF 1003. At 1021, the AMF 1003 forwards the UE ID and the computing session establishment request to the CMF 1005. For example, the AMF 1003 identifies a PDU session establishment request, then forwards the PDU Session establishment request to the SMF. If the AMF 1003 identifies a computing session establishment request, then it forwards the computing session establishment request to the CMF 1005.
[0175] At 1023, the CMF 1005 triggers a N4 session establishment procedure towards the UPF 1004. In some schemes (such as a legacy scheme) , the SMF triggers the N4 session establishment for a PDU session. However, in the process 1000, the CMF 1005 triggers the N4 session establishment for the computing session instead. If the CMF 1005 allocates the UE IP address for the computing session, then the CMF 1005 may provide both the CMF IP address and the UE IP address as the packet filter to the UPF 1004. Otherwise, the CMF 1005 may provide the CMF IP address. The CMF 1005 may request the UPF 1004 to allocate the UE IP address for the computing session.
[0176] At 1025, the CMF 1005 sends the UE ID, the computing establishment response containing the UE IP address to the AMF 1003. At 1027, the AMF 1003 forwards the computing establishment response based on the UE ID.
[0177] FIG. 11 illustrates a fifth example process 1100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 1100 may involve a UE 1101, a NG-RAN 1102, an AMF 1103, a UPF 1104 and a CMF 1105. The NG-RAN 1102 in FIG. 11 may be an example of the AN. The AMF 1103 in FIG. 11 may be an example of the AMF 202 in FIG. 2. The CMF 1105 in FIG. 11 may be an example of the CMF 201 in FIG. 2. It is understood that the process 1100 can be considered as a more specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2.
[0178] At 1111, the CMF 1105 receives a computing task, which may be provided by the AF via the NEF, or from other 5GC NFs, or from a NG-RAN node, or from a UE.
[0179] At 1113, the CMF 1105 sends the UE ID, the computing task ID and the computing QoS to the AMF 1103. At 1115, the AMF 1103 forwards the UE ID, the computing task ID and the computing QoS to the NG-RAN 1102. The computing QoS is defined before. It is assumed that the computing task ID may be contained in the GTP-U between the NG-RAN 1102 and the UPF 1104 for the UP path. For the CP path, it is assumed that the computing task ID is transmitted together with the computing task data. Based on the computing task ID, the NG-RAN 1102 is able to enforce the computing QoS to the transmission of computing task data.
[0180] At 1117, the NG-RAN 1102 sends a response to the AMF 1103. At 1119, the AMF 1103 forwards the response or generates the response to the CMF 1105.
[0181] At 1121, the SMF triggers a N4 session modification procedure to the UPF 1004, which may include the packet filter set (e.g., with the dedicated CMF IP address and / or port number) and the QoS requirement (e.g., the maximum bitrate, the average window) etc. The CMF 1105 also provides the computing task requirement to the UE 1101. There are three examples as follows.
[0182] In the first example, the CMF 1105 may provide the computing task requirement to the UE 1101 via the CP path. At 1123, the CMF 1105 transmits the CM session ID, the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the AMF 1103. At 1125, the AMF 1103 forwards the CM session ID and the computing task requirement to the UE 1101 based on the UE ID. Optionally, the computing session ID / PDU session ID may also be provided. The computing task requirement includes e.g., the type of computing resource, the amount of computing resources, the computing latency etc.
[0183] In the second example, the CMF 1105 may include the computing task requirement at 1113. The SMF 1104 may then forward the computing task and the computing task requirement to the UE 1101 via the AMF 1103. In this case, the computing session / PDU session ID may also be provided.
[0184] In the third example, the CMF 1105 may provide the computing task requirement to the UE 1101 via the UP path. At 1127, the CMF 1105 may transmit the CM session ID (optional) , the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the UPF 1104. At 1129, the UPF 1104 forwards the CM session ID (optional) , the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the NG-RAN 1102. At 1131, the NG-RAN 1102 forwards the CM session ID (optional) , the computing task ID and the computing task requirement to the UE 1101.
[0185] It is to be understood that the example embodiments in the process 700, 800, 900, 1000 and 1000 may be implemented in combination or implemented separately.
[0186] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a device 1200 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1200 may be an example of a core network 106 as described herein. The device 1200 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1200 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1202, a memory 1204, a transceiver 1206, and, optionally, an I / O controller 1208. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0187] The processor 1202, the memory 1204, the transceiver 1206, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1202, the memory 1204, the transceiver 1206, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0188] In some implementations, the processor 1202, the memory 1204, the transceiver 1206, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1202 and the memory 1204 coupled with the processor 1202 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1202, instructions stored in the memory 1204) .
[0189] For example, the processor 1202 may support wireless communication at the device 1200 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1202 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request, and a means for transmitting, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response. The processor 1202 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1800.
[0190] The processor 1202 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1202 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1202. The processor 1202 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1204) to cause the device 1200 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0191] The memory 1204 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 1204 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1202 cause the device 1200 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1202 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1204 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0192] The I / O controller 1208 may manage input and output signals for the device 1200. The I / O controller 1208 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1208 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1208 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1208 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1206. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 1200 via the I / O controller 1208 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1208.
[0193] In some implementations, the device 1200 may include a single antenna 1212. However, in some other implementations, the device 1200 may have more than one antenna 1212 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1206 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1212, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1206 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1206 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1212 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1212. The transceiver 1206 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0194] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 1010 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0195] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 1210 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0196] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a device 1300 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1300 may be an example of a core network entity 106 as described herein. The device 1300 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1300 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1302, a memory 1304, a transceiver 1306, and, optionally, an I / O controller 1308. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0197] The processor 1302, the memory 1304, the transceiver 1306, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1302, the memory 1304, the transceiver 1306, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0198] In some implementations, the processor 1302, the memory 1304, the transceiver 1306, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1302 and the memory 1304 coupled with the processor 1302 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1302, instructions stored in the memory 1304) .
[0199] For example, the processor 1302 may support wireless communication at the device 1300 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1302 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a first node, a computing registration request, a means for determining a computing management function (CMF) for the first node, and a means for transmitting, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request. The processor 1302 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1900.
[0200] The processor 1302 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1302 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1302. The processor 1302 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1304) to cause the device 1300 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0201] The memory 1304 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 1304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1302 cause the device 1300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1302 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1304 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0202] The I / O controller 1308 may manage input and output signals for the device 1300. The I / O controller 1308 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1308 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1308 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1308 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1306. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 1300 via the I / O controller 1308 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1308.
[0203] In some implementations, the device 1300 may include a single antenna 1310. However, in some other implementations, the device 1300 may have more than one antenna 1310 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1306 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1310, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1306 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1306 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1310 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1310. The transceiver 1306 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0204] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 1310 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0205] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 1310 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0206] FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a device 1400 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1400 may be an example of a core network entity 106 as described herein. The device 1400 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1400 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1402, a memory 1404, a transceiver 1406, and, optionally, an I / O controller 1408. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0207] The processor 1402, the memory 1404, the transceiver 1406, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1402, the memory 1404, the transceiver 1406, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0208] In some implementations, the processor 1402, the memory 1404, the transceiver 1406, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1402 and the memory 1404 coupled with the processor 1402 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1402, instructions stored in the memory 1404) .
[0209] For example, the processor 1402 may support wireless communication at the device 1400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1402 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a radio access network (RAN) node, a computing session establishment request, wherein the computing session establishment request comprises an identity (ID) of the RAN node, access network (AN) tunnel information and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing management function (CMF) , and a means for transmitting, to the RAN node, a computing session establishment response, wherein the computing session establishment response comprises core network (CN) tunnel information and an IP address for a computing session between the RAN node and a user plane function (UPF) . The processor 1402 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 2000.
[0210] The processor 1402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1402 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1402. The processor 1402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1404) to cause the device 1400 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0211] The memory 1404 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 1404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1402 cause the device 1400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1402 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1404 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0212] The I / O controller 1408 may manage input and output signals for the device 1400. The I / O controller 1408 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1408 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1408 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1408 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1406. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 1400 via the I / O controller 1408 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1408.
[0213] In some implementations, the device 1400 may include a single antenna 1410. However, in some other implementations, the device 1400 may have more than one antenna 1410 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1406 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1410, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1406 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1406 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1410 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1410. The transceiver 1406 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0214] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 1410 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0215] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 1410 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0216] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a processor 1500 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1500 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1500 may include a controller 1502 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1500 may optionally include at least one memory 1504. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1500 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1500. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0217] The processor 1500 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1500) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0218] The controller 1502 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1500 to cause the processor 1500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1502 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1500, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1500. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0219] The controller 1502 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1504 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1502 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1504. The controller 1502 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1502 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1500 to cause the processor 1500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1502 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1500. The controller 1502 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1500.
[0220] The memory 1504 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1500 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1504 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1500) . In some other implementations, the memory 1504 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1500) .
[0221] The memory 1504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1500, cause the processor 1500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1502 and / or the processor 1500 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1504 to cause the processor 1500 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization ) . For example, the processor 1500 and / or the controller 1502 may be coupled with or to the memory 1504, the processor 1500, the controller 1502, and the memory 1504 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1500 may include multiple processors and the memory 1504 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0222] The one or more ALUs 1500 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1500 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1500) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1500 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1500) . One or more ALUs 1500 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1500 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1500 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1500 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1500 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0223] The processor 1500 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1502 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request, and a means for transmitting, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response. The processor 1500 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1800.
[0224] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a processor 1600 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1600 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1600 may include a controller 1602 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1600 may optionally include at least one memory 1604. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1600 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1600. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0225] The processor 1600 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1600) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0226] The controller 1602 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1600 to cause the processor 1600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1602 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1600, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1600. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0227] The controller 1602 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1604 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1602 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1604. The controller 1602 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1602 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1600 to cause the processor 1600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1602 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1600. The controller 1602 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1600.
[0228] The memory 1604 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1600 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1604 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1600) . In some other implementations, the memory 1604 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1600) .
[0229] The memory 1604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1600, cause the processor 1600 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1602 and / or the processor 1600 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1604 to cause the processor 1600 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization ) . For example, the processor 1600 and / or the controller 1602 may be coupled with or to the memory 1604, the processor 1600, the controller 1602, and the memory 1604 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1600 may include multiple processors and the memory 1604 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0230] The one or more ALUs 1600 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1600 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1600) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1600 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1600) . One or more ALUs 1600 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1600 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1600 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1600 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1600 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0231] The processor 1600 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1602 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a first node, a computing registration request, a means for determining a computing management function (CMF) for the first node, and a means for transmitting, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request. The processor 1600 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1900.
[0232] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a processor 1700 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1700 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1700 may include a controller 1702 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1700 may optionally include at least one memory 1704. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1700 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1700. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0233] The processor 1700 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0234] The controller 1702 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1700 to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1702 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1700, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1700. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0235] The controller 1702 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1704 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1702 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1704. The controller 1702 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1702 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1700 to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1702 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1700. The controller 1702 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1700.
[0236] The memory 1704 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1700 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1704 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1700) . In some other implementations, the memory 1704 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1700) .
[0237] The memory 1704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1700, cause the processor 1700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1702 and / or the processor 1700 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1704 to cause the processor 1700 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization ) . For example, the processor 1700 and / or the controller 1702 may be coupled with or to the memory 1704, the processor 1700, the controller 1702, and the memory 1704 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1700 may include multiple processors and the memory 1704 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0238] The one or more ALUs 1700 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1700 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1700 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) . One or more ALUs 1700 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1700 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1700 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1700 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1700 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0239] The processor 1700 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1702 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a radio access network (RAN) node, a computing session establishment request, wherein the computing session establishment request comprises an identity (ID) of the RAN node, access network (AN) tunnel information and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing management function (CMF) , and a means for transmitting, to the RAN node, a computing session establishment response, wherein the computing session establishment response comprises core network (CN) tunnel information and an IP address for a computing session between the RAN node and a user plane function (UPF) . The processor 1700 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 2000.
[0240] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1800 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a core network entity 106 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0241] At 1805, the method may include receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request. The operations of 1805 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0242] At 1810, the method may include transmitting, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response. The operations of 1810 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0243] In some embodiments, the first ID of the first node may comprise one of an ID of a user equipment (UE) or an ID of a radio access network (RAN) node.
[0244] In some embodiments, the computing registration request may comprise at least one of the following: a type of computing resources, an amount of computing resources, computing latency, or a mapping between computing data volume and computing latency.
[0245] In some embodiments, the computing registration response may comprise at least one of the following: information of the CMF, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a control plane (CP) path, an indication of communicating with the CMF using a user plane (UP) path, a data network name (DNN) , or an ID of a computing management (CM) session.
[0246] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving the first ID of the first node and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session from the AMF or a session management function (SMF) , wherein the IP address of a computing session is the IP address used by the first node for the computing session.
[0247] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving the first ID and the IP address of the computing session from the SMF, and the first ID is the ID of the UE. The method may further include receiving, from the AMF, the ID of the UE and information of the SMF associated with the computing session, and transmitting, to the SMF, a request for the IP address of the computing session.
[0248] In some embodiments, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing session may be established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) , or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing session may be established between the RAN node and the UPF.
[0249] In some embodiments, the method may further include in the case that the first ID is the ID of the UE, receiving an uplink (UL) packet from the UE, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the UE as a payload of the UL packet and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet, or in the case that the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, receiving an UL packet from the RAN node, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the RAN node as a payload of the UL packet and an IP address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet.
[0250] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving, from the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing session establishment request, and triggering a N4 session establishment procedure towards UPF for the computing session.
[0251] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving a computing task, which comprises at least one of a total latency required by the computing task, a computing data volume required by the computing task, a type of computing resources required by the computing task, or an amount of computing resources required by the computing task.
[0252] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining a computing latency of the computing task in the case that the computing registration request comprises the computing latency, or determine the computing latency of the computing task based on the computing data volume required by a computing task and the mapping between the computing data volume and the computing latency in the case that the computing registration request comprises the mapping, and determining a communication delay required by the computing task by subtracting the computing latency from the total latency required by the computing task.
[0253] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the SMF or the AMF, the ID of the UE, an ID of a computing task and quality of service (QoS) requirements associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF, wherein the QoS requirement comprises computing data volume, maximum data burst volume (MDBV) , a maximum data rate and a communication delay required by the computing task.
[0254] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the UE via the AMF or via the SMF or via a UPF, an ID of a computing task and at least one requirement of the computing task, wherein the at least one requirement of the computing task comprises at least one of the type of computing resource, the amount of computing resources, the computing data volume or computing latency of the computing task.
[0255] In some embodiments, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request may be in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container may be transparent to the AMF, or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request may be in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information may be transparent to the AMF.
[0256] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1900 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a core network entity 106 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0257] At 1905, the method may include receiving, from a first node, a computing registration request. The operations of 1905 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0258] At 1910, the method may include determining a computing management function (CMF) for the first node. The operations of 1910 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0259] At 1915, the method may include transmitting, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request. The operations of 1915 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0260] In some embodiments, the first node may comprise one of a user equipment (UE) or a radio access network (RAN) node with computing capability or a computing requirement.
[0261] In some embodiments, determining the CMF may include transmitting, to a network repository function (NRF) , a request for discovering the CMF, and determining the CMF based on information of the CMF provided by the NRF. In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving, from the CMF, the first ID and a computing registration response.
[0262] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving, from the first node, the first ID and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session, wherein the IP address of the computing session is the IP address of the first node, and transmitting, to the CMF, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session.
[0263] In some embodiments, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session may be contained in a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF.
[0264] In some embodiments, the first node may be the UE, and the computing session may be established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) , or the first node may be the RAN node, and the computing session may be established between the RAN node and the UPF.
[0265] In some embodiments, the first ID is the ID of the UE, the method may further include transmitting, to the CMF, the ID of the UE, and information of a session management function (SMF) associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF.
[0266] In some embodiments, the first ID may be the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request may be in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container may be transparent to the AMF, or the first ID may be the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request may be in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information may be transparent to the AMF.
[0267] FIG. 20 illustrates a flowchart of a method 2000 that supports establishment of a computing session in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be performed by a core network entity 106 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0268] At 2005, the method may include receiving, from a radio access network (RAN) node, a computing session establishment request , wherein the computing session establishment request comprises an identity (ID) of the RAN node, access network (AN) tunnel information and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing management function (CMF) . The operations of 2005 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0269] At 2010, the method may include transmitting, to the RAN node, a computing session establishment response, wherein the computing session establishment response comprises core network (CN) tunnel information and an IP address for a computing session between the RAN node and a user plane function (UPF) . The operations of 2010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0270] In some embodiments, the AN tunnel information may comprise at least one of an IP address of the RAN node or a first tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID) for a user plane part of general packet radio service (GPRS) tunnel protocol (GTP-U) tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the RAN node side, or the CN tunnel information may comprise at least one of the IP address of the UPF or a second TEID for the GTP-U tunnel between the RAN node and the UPF from the UPF side.
[0271] In some embodiments, the method may include transmitting, to the CMF, the ID of the RAN node and an IP address of the computing session, wherein the IP address of the computing session is the IP address used by the RAN node for the computing session. In some embodiments, the method may include receiving information of the CMF from an access and mobility management function (AMF) or the RAN node.
[0272] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0273] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0274] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0275] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0276] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on”shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0277] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.An apparatus for performing a computing management function (CMF) , the apparatus comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to:receive, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request; andtransmit, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first ID of the first node comprises one of an ID of a user equipment (UE) or an ID of a radio access network (RAN) node.3.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the computing registration request comprises at least one of the following:a type of computing resources;an amount of computing resources;computing latency; ora mapping between computing data volume and computing latency.4.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the computing registration response comprises at least one of the following:information of the CMF;an indication of communicating with the CMF using a control plane (CP) path;an indication of communicating with the CMF using a user plane (UP) path;a data network name (DNN) ; oran ID of a computing management (CM) session.5.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive the first ID of the first node and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session from the AMF or a session management function (SMF) , wherein the IP address of a computing session is the IP address used by the first node for the computing session.6.The apparatus of claim 5, wherein one of the following:the first ID is the ID of the UE, and the computing session is established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) ; orthe first ID is the ID of the RAN node, and the computing session is established between the RAN node and the UPF.7.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:in the case that the first ID is the ID of the UE, receive an uplink (UL) packet from the UE, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the UE as a payload of the UL packet and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet; orin the case that the first ID is the ID of the RAN node, receive an UL packet from the RAN node, wherein the UL packet comprises the ID of the RAN node as a payload of the UL packet and an IP address of a computing session as a source IP address of the UL packet.8.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing session establishment request ; andtrigger a N4 session establishment procedure towards UPF for the computing session.9.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive a computing task, which comprises at least one of a total latency required by the computing task, a computing data volume required by the computing task, a type of computing resources required by the computing task, or an amount of computing resources required by the computing task.10.The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:determine a computing latency of the computing task in the case that the computing registration request comprises the computing latency, or determine the computing latency of the computing task based on the computing data volume required by a computing task and the mapping between the computing data volume and the computing latency in the case that the computing registration request comprises the mapping; anddetermine a communication delay required by the computing task by subtracting the computing latency from the total latency required by the computing task.11.The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein one of the following:the first ID is the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request is in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF; orthe first ID is the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request is in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information is transparent to the AMF.12.An apparatus for performing an access and mobility management function (AMF) , the apparatus comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to:receive, from a first node, a computing registration request;determine a computing management function (CMF) for the first node; andtransmit, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request.13.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first node comprises one of a user equipment (UE) or a radio access network (RAN) node with computing capability or a computing requirement.14.The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein the apparatus is caused to determine the CMF by:transmitting, to a network repository function (NRF) , a request for discovering the CMF; anddetermining the CMF based on information of the CMF provided by the NRF.15.The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein the apparatus is further caused to:receive, from the first node, the first ID and an Internet protocol (IP) address of a computing session, wherein the IP address of the computing session is the IP address of the first node; andtransmit, to the CMF, the first ID and the IP address of the computing session.16.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein one of the following:the first node is the UE, and the computing session is established between the UE and a user plane function (UPF) ; orthe first node is the RAN node, and the computing session is established between the RAN node and the UPF.17.The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein the first ID is the ID of the UE, and the apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to the CMF, the ID of the UE, and information of a session management function (SMF) associated with a computing session between the UE and the CMF.18.The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein one of the following:the first ID is the ID of the UE, and the computing registration request is in a form of a non-access stratum CM (NAS-CM) container between the UE and the CMF, and the content of the NAS-CM container is transparent to the AMF; orthe first ID is the ID of the RAN node, and the computing registration request is in a form of N2 CM information between the RAN node and the CMF, and the content of the N2 CM information is transparent to the AMF.19.A method of performing a computing management function (CMF) , the method comprising:receiving, from an access and mobility management function (AMF) , a first identity (ID) of a first node and a computing registration request; andtransmitting, to the AMF, the first ID of the first node and a computing registration response.20.A method of performing an access and mobility management function (AMF) , the method comprising:receiving, from a first node, a computing registration request;determining a computing management function (CMF) for the first node; andtransmitting, to the CMF, a first identity (ID) of the first node and the computing registration request.
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