Method for resource allocation of a-IOT system
TDMA and FDMA methods with R2D signaling and adjusted parameters improve D2R transmissions in A-IoT systems, addressing channel access challenges and enhancing communication efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/092316
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently managing multiple device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions in Ambient IoT (A-IoT) systems, particularly in channel access mechanisms.
Implementing TDMA and FDMA methods for D2R transmissions, where slot counters and frequency shifts are managed by reader-to-device (R2D) signaling, with variable slot durations and line coding parameters adjusted to optimize channel access, and using pre-defined or indicated resource pools and MCS settings for control and data channels.
Enhances the efficiency and flexibility of D2R transmissions by optimizing channel access and resource allocation, ensuring reliable communication in A-IoT systems.
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Figure CN2024092316_13112025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION OF A-IOT SYSTEMFIELD
[0001] The invention discussed below relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to methods for resource allocation of A-IoT system.BACKGROUND
[0002] For Ambient IoT (A-IoT) system, there could be a large number of devices within the coverage of the reader. It is essential for multiple devices access the channel for a transmission to reader (device-to-reader transmission, D2R transmission) . Different channel access mechanism for D2R transmissions are disclosed.SUMMARY
[0003] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0004] Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to the resource allocation mechanism and channel access procedures for multiple D2R transmissions. Specifically, TDMA and FDMA can be supported for multiple D2R transmissions. For TDMA, one approach is one reader-to-device (R2D) signaling schedules one D2R transmission. In this case, each device starts a D2R transmission if a slot counter is decreased to 0. Alternatively, one R2D signaling schedules multiple D2R transmissions. In this case, each device starts a D2R transmission based on the slot location scheduled by the D2R transmission. In this case, a variable final slot duration can be scheduled by the reader on top of a basic slot with a fixed duration. For example, a gap can be indicated together with the basic slot, and / or a scaling factor can be used for adjusting the duration of a basic slot. The device should start D2R transmission at the beginning of the corresponding final slot. The gap length and scaling factor can be determined based on a factor set. The factor set includes at least initial or residual sampling frequency offset (SFO) , sync accuracy, device capability, etc.
[0005] In another aspect, multiple D2R transmissions can be transmitted in a FDMA manner. In this case, each device can perform a frequency shift regarding the incoming carrier wave. The frequency shift can be achieved based on adjusting the parameters of a line coding. The parameter of the line coding can be indicated by the reader through the R2D signaling, and / or pre-defined per device. The parameter is different for different devices. The parameter can be the “on-off” number for delivering one information bit in D2R transmission.
[0006] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed figures set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary diagram of multiple D2R transmission in a manner of TDMA.
[0008] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary diagram of multiple D2R transmission in a manner of FDMA.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0010] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0011] This invention is motived by, but not limited to, a scenario of A-IoT, where multiple D2R transmissions are transmitted in the channel. In such scenario, the multiple access among multiple D2R transmissions should be handled.
[0012] In one aspect of the disclosure, the multiple D2R transmissions can access the channel in a TDMA manner. One approach is one R2D signaling schedules one D2R transmission. In this approach, each device maintains a slot counter, which is randomly generated by the device within a range. The range can be generated by a parameter indicated by the R2D transmission. For example, a parameter of Q can be indicated by the R2D transmission. Then the slot counter can be randomly generated within the range of 0 to 2Q-1. The device will decrease the slot counter after it receive a corresponding indication in the following R2D transmission. If the slot counter decreased to 0, the corresponding device can start the D2R transmission.
[0013] Alternatively, another approach for multiple D2R transmissions in TDMA manner is, one R2D signaling schedules multiple D2R transmissions. In this approach, each device starts its D2R transmission at the corresponding slot scheduled by the R2D signaling. The duration of the scheduled slot is variable and can be indicated by the R2D signaling. The variable slot duration can be achieved by different approaches. For example, two resources can be indicated. One is a basic slot with a fixed duration. Another is a gap in time domain between two adjacent slots for D2R transmissions. Alternatively, one resource can be indicated. In this case, a scaling parameter can be used here. The scaling parameter can be used at the reader side for determining the final slot duration on top of basic slot, and / or the scaling parameter can be indicated to the device. In the latter case, the final slot duration is determined by the device based on the indicated scaling parameter and basic slot duration. In this approach, the gap length and the value of the scaling parameter can be determined by a factor set. The factor set includes one or multiple of initial and / or residual SFO / sync accuracy / timing error, device capability, channel status. For example, a short gap or a small scaling parameter for a small SFO / high sync accuracy / small timing error / high device capability. And a long gap or a large scaling parameter for a large SFO / low sync accuracy / high timing error / low device capability. An example is illustrated in Figure 1, wherein the length of gap 1 and gap 2 could be same or different based on the factor set as aforementioned.
[0014] In another aspect of the disclosure, the multiple D2R transmissions can access the channel in a FDMA manner. In this manner, each device can perform a frequency shift regarding the incoming carrier wave. The frequency shift can be achieved based on adjusting the parameters of a line coding. For example, the parameter can be the “on-off” number for delivering one information bit in D2R transmission. Additionally, the parameter of line coding can be indicated by the reader through the R2D signaling, and / or it can be pre-defined per device. Different devices are indicated and / or pre-defined with different parameters. As an example shown in Figure 2, for device 1, it can be indicated or pre-defined with one “on-off” pulse for delivering one data bit and the frequency is at f1. For example, for the data bit of “1” , delivered as “1100” , for data bit of “0” , delivered as “0011” . For device 2, it can be indicated or pre-defined to use 2 “on-off” pulses and the frequency is at f2. For example, for the data bit of “1” , delivered as “1010” , for data bit of “0” , delivered as “0011” . In another aspect, in the initial stage (e.g., query or initial access / paging stage) , each device can use the pre-defined “on-off” pulse number for delivering one data bit. After the connection between reader and device is established, different device can be indicated with different “on-off” pulse number for delivering one data bit.
[0015] In another aspect of the disclosure, before link established, e.g., in the initial status (e.g., query stage, initial access stage, and paging stage) , a resource pool can be (pre-) configured for multiple D2R transmissions. The resource pool is comprised resources in both time domain and frequency domain. In time domain, a contention-based TDMA manner is used for difference devices selecting resource. For example, the aforementioned scheme of one R2D signaling scheduling multiple D2R transmissions can be used here. Additionally, a parameter set can be pre-defined and / or indicated for adjusting the on-off pulse number for delivering one data bit. Each device can be pre-defined one parameter from the parameter set, and / or randomly select one from the parameter set, and / or select the parameter based on the identification ID (e.g., EPC) of the device based on a rule. For example, based on the results of device EPC modular a specific value, a corresponding parameter can be determined. After link established, the aforementioned schemes of one R2D signaling scheduling multiple TDMA D2R transmissions with a variable slot duration, and / or multiple FDMA D2R transmissions based on the a scheduled parameter per device for adjusting the “on-off” pulse number for delivering one data bit can be applied.
[0016] In another aspect of the disclosure, two individual channels are used for delivering control and data information. In this case, a fixed MCS can be used for control channel. A dynamic MCS for data channel can be indicated by the control channel. The MCS choice for data channel can be determined based on a factor set. The factor set includes one or multiple of channel status, coverage target, proximity determination. The proximity can be near or far detection of the device.
[0017] In another aspect of the disclosure, different CRC length and no CRC can be used for R2D and D2R transmission. The utilization of different CRC can be based on a factor set. The factor set includes one or multiple of transmission function, message size. For example, for a message size lower than threshold 1, no CRC can be used. For a message size higher than threshold 1 and lower than threshold 2, 6-bits CRC can be used. For a message size higher than threshold 2 and lower than threshold 3, 16-bits CRC can be used. The similar principle can be applied for other CRC length.
[0018] In another aspect of the disclosure, the carrier wave used for backscattering of the device could be transmitted on one-tone or multiple-tone. The utilization of one-tone or multi-tone can be based on a factor set. The factor set includes one or multiple of channel status, coverage target / distance between reader and device, power measure at device and / or reader side, data rate target, etc. Alternative, the utilization of single-tone or multi-tone can be determined based on the scenario type including channel model, pathloss model.
[0019] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “UE, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
[0020] While aspects of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof that are proposed as examples, alternatives, modifications, and variations to the examples may be made. Accordingly, embodiments as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. There are changes that may be made without departing from the scope of the claims set forth below.
Claims
1.A method for multiple device-to-reader transmission in A-IoT system, wherein multiple D2R transmission access the channel in a TDMA manner.2.The method of claim 1, wherein one R2D signaling schedule multiple D2R transmissions.3.The method of claim 1, wherein each device starts its D2R transmission at the corresponding slot scheduled by the R2D signaling.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the duration of the scheduled slot is variable based on the indication in R2D signaling.5.The method of claim 1, wherein two resources can be indicated for one D2R transmission.6.The method of claim 5, wherein two resources comprised of one basic slot with a fixed duration and one gap in time domain between two adjacent slots.7.The method of claim 1, wherein one resource can be indicated with a scaling parameter for determining the final slot duration on top of basic slot.8.The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the gap length and the value of the scaling parameter can be determined by a factor set.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the factor set includes one or multiple of initial and / or residual SFO / sync accuracy / timing error, device capability, channel status.10.The method of claim 1, wherein multiple D2R transmission access the channel in a FDMA manner.11.The method of claim 10, wherein each device performs a frequency shift regarding the incoming carrier wave based on the number of on-off pulse for delivering one data bit.12.The method of claim 11, wherein number of on-off pulse for delivering one data bit can be predefined and / or indicated by the R2D signaling per device.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the predefined number of on-off pulse for delivering one data bit can be used before a connection between reader and device established.14.The method of claim 12, wherein the indicated number of on-off pulse for delivering one data bit can be after a connection between reader and device established.15.The method of claim 1, wherein before the connection establishment (e.g., initial access / query / paging stage) , a resource pool comprising of resources in both time and frequency domain can be (pre-) configured.16.The method of claim 15, wherein device can perform both TDMA and FDMA scheme for selecting a resource for D2R transmission.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the parameter for determining the number of on-off pulse for delivering one data bit of each device in FDMA can be per-defined, and / or randomly selected, and / or determined based on the output of the device identification (e.g., EPC) modular on a threshold from a parameter set.
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