Power control method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of low-power communications. Disclosed are a power control method and apparatus, and a device and a storage medium. The method comprises: sending first information, which is used for controlling the transmission power of a carrier provider node, wherein the carrier provider node is used for providing a carrier to a low-power device, which carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device. Power control can be performed on a carrier provider node by means of first information, such that the transmission power of the carrier provider node is flexibly controlled according to requirements. By means of controlling the transmission power of the carrier provider node, the transmission interference of a carrier provided by the carrier provider node to a low-power device can be effectively reduced.

Description

Power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of low-power communication, and in particular to a power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous evolution of wireless communication technology, Internet of Things (IoT) technology is applied to all aspects of production and life. Low-power devices in the IoT field, such as ambient power enabled IoT (A-IoT) devices, support external transmission through backscattering. The carrier used by the low-power device for backscattering can be provided by a carrier providing node.

[0003] The carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device will interfere with the transmission sent by the low-power device. Further discussion and research are needed to solve this interference.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] According to an aspect of the present application, a power control method is provided, which is performed by a network device, and the method comprises:

[0007] sending first information, the first information being used to control the transmission power of a carrier providing node;

[0008] The carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, a power control method is provided, which is performed by a carrier providing node, and the method comprises:

[0010] receiving first information sent by a network device;

[0011] determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information;

[0012] The carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a power control apparatus is provided, which comprises:

[0014] The sending module is configured to send first information, wherein the first information is used to control the sending power of the carrier providing node.

[0015] The carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low-power device, wherein the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, a power control apparatus is provided, and the apparatus comprises:

[0017] The receiving module is configured to receive first information sent by a network device.

[0018] The determining module is configured to determine the sending power of the apparatus according to the first information.

[0019] The apparatus is configured to provide a carrier to a low-power device, wherein the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present application, a network device is provided, and the network device comprises a processor, a transceiver connected to the processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the network device is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present application, a carrier providing node is provided, and the carrier providing node comprises a processor, a transceiver connected to the processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the carrier providing node is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and the computer readable storage medium stores executable instructions, wherein the executable instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present application, a chip is provided, and the chip comprises programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running on a computer device, the programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions are used to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, and the computer program product or computer program comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, wherein a processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, so that a computer device executes the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0025] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The network device sends the first information, so that the transmission power of the carrier providing node can be controlled according to the first information, thereby achieving flexible control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can work normally according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-power communication system provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first topology provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second topology provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of transmission interference in the first topology provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of D2R transmission provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a communication system provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a power control method provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a power control method provided by an example embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a process of power control by first information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 14 is a diagram of a process of power control by first information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 15 is a diagram of a process of determining transmission power according to first information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 19 is a diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an example embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] For the purpose of the present application, the technical solutions and advantages will be more clearly understood, the following will be further described in detail with the help of the accompanying drawings. Here will be described in detail the example embodiments, the example is shown in the drawings. The following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The following example embodiments described in the embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0048] The terms used in the present application are merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "and / or," as used herein, refer to and encompass any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used herein to describe various information, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to differentiate one piece of information from another piece of information. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "upon determination" or "in response to determining".

[0050] The technical solutions described in some embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, evolved system of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) system, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system, 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) system, cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, and can also be applied to the evolved system after 5G NR system, and can also be applied to 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (6G) system and subsequent evolved systems.

[0051] It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, "5G" can also be referred to as "5G NR" or "NR".

[0052] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" can represent a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, can also represent an associated relationship between the two, or can indicate a relationship such as being indicated, configured, and the like.

[0053] The principle of low-power Internet of Things communication is introduced:

[0054] Low-power Internet of Things communication is a kind of ultra-low-power Internet of Things communication technology. Low-power Internet of Things can also be called Ambient IoT (A-IoT), or passive IoT. Low-power devices (A-IoT devices) in low-power Internet of Things refer to devices that use various environmental energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy to drive themselves. Such devices can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of uF). Compared with other IoT devices, A-IoT devices have many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and long service life.

[0055] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a low-power communication system 100 provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which includes a network device 120 and a low-power device 140. In some embodiments, the low-power device 140 includes a device that uses various environmental energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy to drive itself, and has low-power or zero-power characteristics. Such devices can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of uF). In some embodiments, the low-power device 140 includes at least one of a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device, and a passive IoT device. In some embodiments, low-power communication in the present application is equivalent to / replaceable by zero-power communication, and low-power Internet of Things in the present application is equivalent to / replaceable by zero-power Internet of Things.

[0056] The network device 120 is configured to transmit a wireless powering signal, a downlink communication signal to the low-power device 140, and receive a backscatter signal from the low-power device 140. The low-power device 140 can also be referred to as an Ambient power enabled Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) device, and includes an energy harvesting module 141, a backscatter communication module 142, and a low-power computing module 143. The energy harvesting module 141 can harvest energy carried by radio waves in the space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the low-power device 140 and implement backscatter communication. After the low-power device 140 obtains energy, the low-power device 140 can receive control signaling from the network device 120, and transmit data to the network device 120 based on the control signaling in a backscatter manner. The transmitted data can be from data stored in the low-power device 140 itself (such as an identity or pre-written information, such as a production date, a brand, a manufacturer, and the like of a product).

[0057] The low-power device 140 can further include a sensor module 144 and a memory 145. The sensor module 144 can include various sensors, and the low-power device 140 can report data collected by the various sensors based on a low-power mechanism. The memory 145 is configured to store some basic information (such as an article identifier) or store sensed data such as an ambient temperature and an ambient humidity.

[0058] The low-power device 140 does not need a battery itself, and the low-power computing module 143 can implement simple signal demodulation, decoding, or encoding, modulation, and the like. Therefore, the low-power device 140 only needs a very simple hardware design, so that the low-power device 140 has a very low cost and a very small size.

[0059] The network device 120 includes but is not limited to a cellular network device, such as a 5G / 6G network device, a base station device, a WiFi / WLAN network device, such as an Access Point (AP), a router, and a mobile access point, such as a mobile phone.

[0060] The low-power device 140 includes but is not limited to a handheld device, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, and an Internet of Things device, and the low-power device 140 can be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a television, a game console, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal, a Mixed Reality (MR) terminal, a wearable device, a hand-held controller, an electronic tag, and a controller.

[0061] The key technologies of low-power Internet of Things mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and back scattering communication. Next, low-power communication is further introduced:

[0062] Radio frequency energy harvesting (Radio Frequency Power Harvesting).

[0063] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting provided by an example embodiment of the present application. Radio frequency energy harvesting is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and uses a radio frequency module (Radio Frequency, RF) to harvest energy from space electromagnetic waves through electromagnetic induction, and a capacitor C and a load resistor R L connected in parallel relationship to achieve the collection of space electromagnetic wave energy, and obtain the energy required to drive low-power devices, such as: for driving low-power demodulation modules, modulation modules, sensors, and memory reading, etc. Therefore, low-power devices do not need traditional batteries.

[0064] Back scattering communication (Back Scattering).

[0065] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the back scattering communication process provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The low-power device 140 receives the wireless signal carrier 131 transmitted by the transmit (Transmit, TX) module 121 of the network device 120 using an amplifier (AMPlifier, AMP) 122, and modulates the wireless signal carrier 131, loads the information to be transmitted using a logic processing module 147, and collects radio frequency energy using an energy harvesting module 141. The low-power device 140 radiates the modulated reflected signal 132 using an antenna 146, and this information transmission process is called back scattering communication. The receive (Receive, RX) module 123 of the network device 120 receives the modulated reflected signal 132 using a low noise amplifier (Low Noise Amplifier, LNA) 124. Back scattering and load modulation are closely related. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the low-power device 140 according to the beat of the data stream, so that the size of the electronic tag impedance and other parameters change, and the modulation process is completed.

[0066] The load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation. FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by an example embodiment of the present application. In resistance load modulation, the load resistor R L is connected in parallel with a third resistor R3, and the switch S based on binary coding control is turned on or off, and the on-off of the third resistor R3 will cause the voltage on the circuit to change, and the load resistor R L is connected in parallel with a first capacitor C1, and the load resistor R LThe second resistor R2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1, and the first inductor L1 is connected in series with the second resistor R2. The first inductor L1 is coupled with the second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 is connected in series with the second capacitor C2. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) can be achieved, i.e. the amplitude of the backscatter signal of the low-power device is adjusted to modulate and transmit the signal. Similarly, in the capacitor load modulation, the on-off of the capacitor can change the resonant frequency of the circuit, and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) can be achieved, i.e. the working frequency of the backscatter signal of the low-power device is adjusted to modulate and transmit the signal.

[0067] The low-power device modulates the incoming signal by load modulation to achieve the process of backscatter communication. The low-power device has the following advantages: (1) it does not actively transmit signals, so it does not need a complex radio frequency link such as a power amplifier (PA) and a radio frequency filter; (2) it does not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so it does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator; and (3) by using backscatter communication, the signal transmission does not consume the energy of the low-power device itself.

[0068] Classification of low-power devices

[0069] Based on the energy source and usage of the low-power device, the low-power device can be classified as follows:

[0070] (1) Passive low-power device

[0071] The low-power device does not need an internal battery. When the low-power device is close to a network device, the low-power device is in the near-field range formed by the antenna radiation of the network device, for example, the network device is a reader / writer of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Therefore, the antenna of the low-power device generates an induced current by electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. The low-power device can demodulate the forward link (downlink, link from the network device to the low-power device) signal and modulate the back link (uplink, link from the low-power device to the network device) signal, etc. For the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or active transmission with extremely low power to transmit signals.

[0072] The passive low-power device does not need a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a truly low-power (zero-power) device. The passive low-power device does not need a battery, and the radio frequency circuit and the baseband circuit are very simple, for example, without LNA, PA, crystal oscillator, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc. The passive low-power device has many advantages, such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0073] (2) Semi-passive low-power device.

[0074] The semi-passive low-power device does not install a conventional battery itself, and can use a radio frequency energy harvesting module to collect radio wave energy, or use a solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, etc. Energy harvesting module to collect energy, and store the collected energy in an energy storage unit, for example, the energy storage unit is a capacitor. After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. For the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit signals.

[0075] The semi-passive low-power device does not need a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and the energy used in the work is derived from the radio energy collected by the radio frequency energy harvesting module. It is a truly low-power (zero-power) device. The semi-passive low-power device inherits many advantages of the passive low-power device, such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0076] (3) Active low-power device.

[0077] Some low-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active low-power devices. This type of low-power device can have a built-in battery (which can use a conventional battery, such as a dry battery, a rechargeable lithium battery, etc.). The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the backward link, etc. But for the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Therefore, the low power of the active low-power device is mainly reflected in the signal transmission of the reverse link, which does not need to consume the power of the low-power device itself, but uses the backscatter method. Although the active low-power device uses a battery, due to the use of ultra-low-power communication technology, the power consumption is very low, so the working life of the battery can be greatly improved. In the active low-power device, the built-in battery supplies power to the RFID chip, increases the read-write distance of the tag, and improves the reliability of communication. Therefore, it can be applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements on communication distance, reading delay, etc.

[0078] • Classification of low-power devices based on transmitter type.

[0079] The service type of low-power Internet of Things is similar to other Internet of Things service types, and the above service is mainly used. According to the way in which low-power devices send data, low-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0080] (1) Low-power devices based on backscatter.

[0081] This type of low-power device uses the above-mentioned backscatter method for uplink data transmission. This type of low-power device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a backscatter transmitter. Therefore, when this type of low-power device transmits uplink data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and the low-power device performs backscatter based on the carrier to achieve uplink data transmission.

[0082] (2) Low-power devices based on active transmitters.

[0083] This type of low-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability for uplink data transmission, so this type of low-power device can use its own active transmitter to transmit uplink data when transmitting uplink data, without the need for the network device to provide a carrier. The active transmitter suitable for low-power devices may be, for example, an ultra-low-power ASK transmitter, an ultra-low-power FSK transmitter, etc. Based on the current implementation, the overall power consumption of this type of transmitter can be reduced to 400-600 microwatts when transmitting a 100-microwatt signal.

[0084] (3) Low-power devices that have both backscatter and active transmitters.

[0085] This type of low-power device can support both backscatter and active transmitters. The low-power device can determine whether to use backscatter or use an active transmitter for active transmission based on different situations (such as different power situations, different available environmental energy situations), or based on the scheduling of the network device.

[0086] • Application scenarios of low-power communication.

[0087] Low-power communication can be widely used in various industries due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, low power consumption, and small size, for example, vertical industry logistics, intelligent warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, industrial Internet, etc. It can also be applied to personal application scenarios such as smart wearables, smart home, etc.

[0088] • Cellular Internet of Things.

[0089] The cellular Internet of Things is booming, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine-Type Communications (MTC), Reduced Capability (RedCap), and other Internet of Things technologies, but there are still many Internet of Things communication needs in scenarios that cannot be met, for example:

[0090] Severe communication environment.

[0091] Some Internet of Things scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed motion. For example, ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold environment monitoring, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies, existing Internet of Things terminal devices will not work. In addition, extreme working environments are also not conducive to the maintenance of Internet of Things terminal devices, such as replacing batteries.

[0092] Small size terminal form requirement.

[0093] Some Internet of Things communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearables, require terminals to have extremely small sizes to facilitate use in these scenarios. For example, Internet of Things terminal devices used for commodity management in the circulation link usually use the form of electronic tags, which are embedded in commodity packaging in a very small form. For another example, lightweight wearable Internet of Things terminal devices can meet user needs while improving user experience.

[0094] Low-cost Internet of Things communication needs.

[0095] Many Internet of Things communication scenarios require Internet of Things terminal devices to be low-cost enough to enhance competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating goods, Internet of Things terminal devices can be attached to each item, thereby completing precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle through communication between the Internet of Things terminal device and the logistics network. These scenarios require Internet of Things terminal devices to be competitively priced.

[0096] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet Internet of Things communication needs, ultra-low-cost, extremely small, battery-free / maintenance-free Internet of Things are needed in cellular Internet of Things, and low-power Internet of Things can meet these needs.

[0097] Introduction to the topology involving low-power devices:

[0098] There are at least two kinds of low-power devices at present:

[0099] • The first kind of low-power device: low-power device with peak power consumption of ~1 uW, which has energy storage capability, initial sampling frequency offset of 10 X ppm, without uplink and downlink power amplifier, sending uplink transmission by backscattering external carrier.

[0100] • The second kind of low-power device: low-power device with peak power consumption of less than a few hundred uW, which has energy storage capability, initial sampling frequency offset of 10 X ppm, which may be configured with uplink and / or downlink power amplifier, which can send uplink transmission by low-power device internal generation or by backscattering external carrier.

[0101] In some embodiments, the low-power device involves two topologies (deployment scenarios).

[0102] For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first kind of topology provided by an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, Topology 1 (Topology 1) can be represented as a base station (Base Station, BS) 501 low-power device 502, the base station 501 and the low-power device 502 directly perform bidirectional signaling and / or data communication. Among them, the base station 501 sending information to the low-power device 502 and the base station 501 receiving information sent by the low-power device 502 can be two different base stations 501.

[0103] For example, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the second kind of topology provided by an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, Topology 2 (Topology 2) can be represented as a base station 601 intermediate node 602 low-power device 603. The low-power device 603 performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node 602, and the intermediate node 602 can relay signaling and / or data between the base station 601 and the low-power device 603. In some embodiments, the intermediate node 602 is a terminal under network control. In some embodiments, the intermediate node includes a relay (Relay), an integrated access and backhaul (Integrated Access And Backhaul, IAB) node, a terminal, a repeater, etc.

[0104] For the low-power device shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 that backscatters, the carrier wave used for backscattering can be provided by the base station (corresponding to topology 1), or by the intermediate node (corresponding to topology 2), or also by a third node other than the base station and the intermediate node, for example, a carrier wave providing node, also known as a carrier wave node (CWN).

[0105] Power control for NR Uu uplink transmission is introduced:

[0106] In the uplink transmission based on the NR UU interface, the terminal needs to perform power control when sending data, so as to ensure that the received power of the uplink signals sent by each terminal to the base station is approximately the same order of magnitude, thereby avoiding interference between each other. In other words, the terminal far away from the base station needs to use a larger transmission power due to the larger path loss. Conversely, the terminal close to the base station needs to use a smaller transmission power due to the smaller path loss. If the terminal close to the base station uses a larger transmission power, it will cause the base station to be unable to correctly receive the uplink transmission of the terminal far away, that is, the near-far effect is generated.

[0107] Specifically, for a certain terminal, it determines the uplink transmission power mainly through two ways, one is open loop power control, and the other is closed loop power control.

[0108] Open loop power control:

[0109] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the terminal is represented as P = min(P0 + a * PL + offset, Pcmax) dBm. Wherein, Pcmax is the maximum transmission power of the terminal, P0 + a * PL is the transmission power determined by the terminal based on the open loop power control, P0 is the target received power, a is the path loss compensation factor, P0 and a are configured by the network, for example, through radio resource control (RRC) signaling configuration. It can be understood that, due to the limitation of RRC signaling configuration, the transmission power determined based on the open loop power control (i.e. P0 + a * PL) is often configured once for a long period of time for the terminal to use, and it is unable to frequently control the transmission power of the terminal by adjusting the values of P0 and a. In addition, the open loop power control needs the terminal to measure the path loss PL, for example, the terminal obtains the downlink received power by measuring the pilot in the downlink synchronization signal block (SSB) or the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and obtains the path loss PL by subtracting the measured downlink received power from the transmission power indicated by the base station to the terminal.

[0110] Closed loop power control:

[0111] In order to adjust the terminal's transmission power more quickly, the base station can also adjust the terminal's transmission power through closed loop power control, i.e., through indicating the offset of the power to the terminal, which can be referred to as Transmit Power Control (TPC), which is indicated to the terminal by the base station through Downlink Control Information (DCI). Specifically, there are two ways for the terminal to determine the transmission power according to the offset. One is that the terminal receives the offset after receiving the DCI, directly uses the offset and the power P0+α*PL determined based on the open loop power control to calculate the terminal's final transmission power according to the above formula P = min(P0+α*PL+offset, Pcmax) dBm. The other is that the terminal receives the offset as offset2 after receiving the DCI, assumes offset1 as the offset received by the terminal last time for power adjustment, and first calculates offset = offset1+offset2, and then calculates the terminal's final transmission power according to the offset and the power P0+α*PL determined based on the open loop power control according to the formula P = min(P0+α*PL+offset, Pcmax) dBm. The difference between the above two ways of using offset to determine transmission power is that the offset of the first way directly acts on the power determined based on the open loop power control, and the offset of the second way first acts on the offset received last time, and then acts on the power determined based on the open loop power control. It can be understood that in the second way, the terminal needs to store the offset received last time. The above first way can be referred to as non-accumulation closed loop power control, and the second way can be referred to as accumulation-based closed loop power control.

[0112] Transmission interference for low-power communication is introduced:

[0113] Continuing to refer to the above introduction of the topology of the low-power device. Exemplarily, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of transmission interference in the first topology according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, in the topology 1, the reader (i.e., the base station 701) sends reader-to-device (R2D) transmission to the low-power device 702, and the low-power device 702 sends device-to-reader (D2R) transmission to the reader by backscattering. The carrier used by the low-power device 702 for backscattering is provided by a third node CWN 703, and the CWN 703 is a terminal type node.

[0114] The carrier provided by the CWN 703 in FIG. 7 can interfere with the reading device receiving the D2R transmission. Specifically, since the low-power device 702 transmits the D2R transmission in a backscattering manner, when the reading device receives the D2R transmission from the low-power device 702, the reading device also receives the carrier provided by the CWN 703, and the received power of the carrier provided by the CWN 703 can interfere with the reading device receiving the D2R transmission. The greater the power of the carrier provided by the CWN 703, the more serious the interference. On the other hand, the greater the power of the carrier provided by the CWN 703, the greater the power of the D2R transmission backscattered by the low-power device 702, and the greater the received power of the reading device. If the reading device needs to receive D2R transmissions from different low-power devices 702 at the same time, the transmission with greater received power can cause more serious interference to the transmission with lower received power.

[0115] It can be understood that, for the second topology described above, when the CWN provides a carrier for the low-power device, similar interference in FIG. 7 can also occur. In this case, the reading device can be regarded as an intermediate node. In addition, for the transmission of the intermediate node to the base station and the transmission of the base station to the intermediate node, the carrier provided by the CWN can also cause interference.

[0116] It can be understood in combination with the above that, in order to reduce the interference of the CWN on the reading device receiving the D2R transmission, power control of the CWN of the terminal type by the network device is a problem to be solved. In addition, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a D2R transmission provided by an example embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 8, in the above scenario, the same CWN 801 can need to provide a carrier used for backscattering for one or more low-power devices (for example, the low-power device 8021, the low-power device 8022, and the low-power device 8023 in FIG. 8), and when the network device 803 performs power control on the CWN 801, the normal operation of each low-power device also needs to be considered.

[0117] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application can send first information by the network device, so as to perform power control on the carrier providing node through the first information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the transmission of the low-power device can be effectively reduced, the normal operation of the low-power device according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node can be ensured, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices can be reduced.

[0118] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a communication system 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system architecture can include a terminal 10, an access network device 20, and a core network device 30.

[0119] The terminal 10 can refer to a UE (User Equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. Alternatively, the terminal can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal in a 5GS (5th Generation System), or a terminal in a future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For the convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as terminals. In some embodiments, the terminal 10 is implemented as a carrier providing node for providing a carrier to a low-power device, so that the low-power device can perform backscattering through the carrier for external transmission.

[0120] It should be noted that the number of terminals 10 is usually multiple, and one or more terminals 10 can be distributed in the cell managed by each access network device 20. In addition, one or more terminals 10 can also be distributed outside the cell managed by the access network device 20. Among them, different terminals 10 can communicate based on sidelink.

[0121] The access network device 20 is a device deployed in an access network to provide wireless communication functions for the terminal 10. The access network device 20 can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and the like. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with access network device functions can be different, for example, in a 5G NR system, it is called gNodeB or gNB. As communication technology evolves, the name of the "access network device" can change. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned devices that provide wireless communication functions for the terminal 10 are collectively referred to as access network devices. Optionally, through the access network device 20, a communication relationship can be established between the terminal 10 and the core network device 30. Illustratively, in a long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) system, the access network device 20 can be an EUTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or one or more eNodeBs in the EUTRAN; in a 5G NR system, the access network device 20 can be a RAN or one or more gNBs in the RAN.

[0122] The main function of the core network device 30 is to provide user connection, management of users, and completion of bearer for services, and to provide an interface to an external network as a bearer network. For example, the core network device in a 5G NR system can include an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entity, a UPF (User Plane Function) entity, and an SMF (Session Management Function) entity, and the like. The access network device 20 and the core network device 30 can be collectively referred to as network devices.

[0123] In one example, the access network device 20 and the core network device 30 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as an NG interface in a 5G NR system. The access network device 20 and the terminal 10 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as a Uu interface. The terminal 10 and the terminal 10 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as a PC5 interface.

[0124] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a power control method provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a network device. The method includes:

[0125] Step 1002: transmitting first information.

[0126] The first information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the first information. The carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The first information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering. The greater the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, the greater the transmission power of the low-power device when backscattering according to the carrier; the smaller the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, the smaller the transmission power of the low-power device when backscattering according to the carrier.

[0127] The carrier providing node includes any node supporting providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0128] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device driven by using environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, a passive Internet of Things device.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following information: a first identifier; a power offset.

[0130] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used for determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identifier with the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier can uniquely determine one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used for determining the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replacable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first identity comprises a power control process identity (ID), the power control process identity being used to identify a power control process, the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different first identities (power control processes) is determined according to configuration information transmitted by the network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, a power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identity, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0132] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identity according to the power control process identity, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node before the power control process identified by the power control process identity, e.g., the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node when the last power control / power adjustment was performed in the power control process.

[0133] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity and a power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identity according to the power control process identity, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the power offset, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0135] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identity, i.e., a power control process corresponds to a power control process identity uniquely.

[0136] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the range of the maximum number.

[0137] In a case that a power control procedure is associated with a low power device group:

[0138] In some embodiments, each power control procedure is associated with a low power device group, different power control procedures are associated with different low power device groups, and each low power device group includes a plurality of low power devices. In some embodiments, each power control procedure is associated with a low power device group identifier (low power device group ID). The low power device group identifier corresponds to a low power device in the low power device group associated with the low power device group identifier. The power control procedure is associated with the low power device group, including that the power control procedure is used to implement the transmission power control for the carrier providing node providing a carrier to the low power device group. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device associating the power control procedure with the low power device group is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0139] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring the transmission of one or more low power devices, and the network device obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmission of the one or more low power devices. The network device can obtain one measured received power for each low power device transmission.

[0140] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following information: control information; data; preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, for example, the transmission of the low power device includes a signal or channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0141] The one or more low power devices belong to the same low power device group. For example, the network device obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring the respective transmission of a plurality of low power devices in the same low power device group, and determines the power offset in the first information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0142] In some embodiments, the low power device group of the one or more low power devices measured by the network device is associated with the power control procedure identifier in the first information. Since each power control procedure (power control procedure identifier) is associated with a low power device group, the low power device group measured by the network device for determining the power offset is the same as the low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node adjusting the transmission power through the first information. The low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node is the low power device group in which the low power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node are located.

[0143] For example, the first information sent by the network device comprises a power control process identifier and a power offset. The power offset is obtained by the network device by measuring the transmission of the low-power devices in the low-power device group 1. The network device sends the first information to the carrier-providing node to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power devices in the low-power device group 1 to enable the low-power devices to transmit externally through backscattering. The network device measures the transmission of the low-power devices in the low-power device group 1 at a time prior to the time at which the network device sends the first information.

[0144] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, the network device determines the power offset according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the power offset according to a minimum value of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation of determining the power offset according to the minimum value of the power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0145] In the case where the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0146] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0147] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is the time domain position of the previous time at which the network device sends the first information. In some embodiments, the power control process corresponding to the previously sent first information is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first information currently sent by the network device, that is, the power control process identifier in the previously sent first information is the same as the power control process identifier in the currently sent first information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation of associating the power control process with the first time window by the network device, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0148] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the network device measures the transmission of the one or more low-power devices to obtain the one or more measured received powers. The network device can obtain one measured received power for each low-power device whose transmission is measured.

[0149] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is for transmitting at least one of: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted in a backscattering manner, e.g., the transmission of the low power device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted in a backscattering manner.

[0150] The transmission of the one or more low power devices is within a first time window, i.e., the transmission of the one or more low power devices measured by the network device is received by the network device within the first time window. For example, the network device measures a plurality of measured received powers by receiving the respective transmission of the plurality of low power devices within the first time window, and determines the power offset in the first information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first time window used by the network device for the measurement (to obtain the measured received powers) is associated with the power control process identification in the first information. Since each power control process (power control process identification) is associated with a first time window, the power control process corresponding to the first time window measured by the network device for determining the power offset is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first information currently transmitted by the network device.

[0152] For example, the first information transmitted by the network device comprises the power control process identification and the power offset. The power offset is obtained by the network device through measurement within the first time window associated with the power control process 1. The network device controls the transmission power of the carrier providing node by transmitting the first information. The power control process identification in the first information is used to identify the power control process 1. The first time window used by the network device for the measurement is before the time when the network device transmits the first information.

[0153] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the network device according to the maximum, minimum or average of the plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, the network device determines the power offset according to the maximum, minimum or average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the power offset according to the minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the power offset according to the minimum power, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0154] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment can realize power control of the carrier providing node through the first information sent by the network device, thereby realizing flexible control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. Through control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and reducing the transmission interference between the low-power devices.

[0155] The method provided in the embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier and / or the power offset, can realize indication of different transmission powers to the carrier providing node through different first identifiers and power offsets, or a combination of different first identifiers and power offsets, and realize flexible control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node. Through maintenance of the power control process and identification through the power control process identifier, different transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes can be indicated through different power control process identifiers. Through association of the power control process with the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power device groups can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device group can be accurately controlled on demand. Through association of the power control process with the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting outside in different time domain positions can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device in the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting in the first time window can be accurately controlled on demand. In addition, when the network device performs power control according to the received power of multiple low-power devices, coverage distance needs to be ensured while reducing interference. Through determination of the power offset according to the minimum value of multiple measured received powers, it can be ensured that the subsequent transmission of the low-power device corresponding to the minimum measured received power cannot be incorrectly received by the network device after power control.

[0156] FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a power control method provided in an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a carrier providing node. The method comprises:

[0157] Step 1102: receiving the first information sent by the network device.

[0158] The first information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the first information. The carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The first information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0159] The carrier providing node includes any node supporting providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0160] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device driven by using environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaced by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, or a passive Internet of Things device.

[0161] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following information: a first identifier; a power offset.

[0162] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used for determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identifier with the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used for determining the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaced by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first identifier includes a power control process identifier, and the power control process identifier is used for identifying a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Through different power control processes (different power control process IDs), different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the power offset is used for adjusting the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0164] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first information. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identifier in the first information, and determines an initial transmission power according to the power control process, thereby determining the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0165] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first information and a power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identifier in the first information, and determines an initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the power offset, thereby determining the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0166] For example, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first information can be understood as that the carrier-providing node maintains multiple power control processes, and different power control processes are independent of each other. The carrier-providing node first determines the processed power control process according to the power control process identifier in the received first information, and then determines its transmission power according to the power offset in the first information if the first information further includes the power offset.

[0167] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, i.e., a power control process corresponds to a power control process identifier uniquely. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes is determined by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes depends on the maximum number of power control processes predefined by the communication protocol.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0169] Step 1104: determining the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the first information.

[0170] For the case that the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset:

[0171] In the case that the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the minimum value of the first parameter and the second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the carrier-providing node according to the first identifier and the power offset in the first information, and the second parameter is the maximum transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0172] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter comprises a sum of an initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the carrier providing node according to a power control process corresponding to the first identification in the first information, and the offset parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the power offset in the first information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by the network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0173] For example, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0174] wherein, The first parameter is denoted as P1. i is determined according to the power control process identification in the first information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identification. It should be noted that the power control process identification in the first information received by the carrier providing node at different times can be different. For example, the power control process identification in the first information received by the carrier providing node at time t1 is 1, and the power control process identification in the first information received by the carrier providing node at time t2 is 2. In this case, after the carrier providing node receives the first information at time t2, the carrier providing node will switch from the power control process 1 to the power control process 2, i.e., the power control process 2 is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0175] In the above formula, P1is The initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i is denoted as P0(i). It should be noted that the initial transmission power is one-to-one corresponding to the power control process (power control process identification). For example, the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 1 is P0(1), and the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 2 is P0(2). The initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 2 is P0(2). Optionally, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices within different coverage distances, i.e., the carrier providing nodes corresponding to low-power devices within different coverage distances can use different power control processes for power control. For example, the power control process corresponding to the larger initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a farther distance, and the power control process corresponding to the smaller initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a closer distance.

[0176] In the above formula, P1is CMAXrepresents a second parameter, i.e. the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. It should be noted that the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node according to the power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0177] The offset in the above formula represents an offset parameter, which is determined by the carrier providing node according to the power offset in the first information.

[0178] The first way of determining the offset parameter is:

[0179] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the carrier providing node does not need to refer to the transmission power determined by the last power control to determine the transmission power of the current power control, but directly calculates the transmission power according to the power offset in the first information received by the carrier providing node in the current power control. Exemplarily, the power offset is 0, and the transmission power P calculated by the carrier providing node according to the above formula is equal to the initial transmission power corresponding to the determined power control process.

[0180] The second way of determining the offset parameter is:

[0181] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the sum of the power offset in the first information and the power offset used in the last power adjustment (power control). The power control process corresponding to the last power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. In this case, when the carrier providing node receives the first information to determine the transmission power, it needs to determine the transmission power of the current power adjustment according to the transmission power determined by the last power adjustment. The offset in the above formula is determined according to two information, the first information is the power offset in the first information, and the second information is the power offset used by the carrier providing node in the last power adjustment of the same power control process, and the offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After determining the offset, the carrier providing node can calculate its transmission power according to the above formula.

[0182] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset parameter, since the carrier providing node can switch the power control process according to the first information received at different time points, the adjacent two power adjustments in time domain may be for different power control processes, and therefore the above second information must be the power offset used in the last power adjustment of the same power control process, and the power control process is determined according to the power control process identifier in the above first information.

[0183] For the case that the first information includes the first identifier:

[0184] In a case that the first information comprises the first identifier, i.e. the default power offset in the first information received by the carrier providing node, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first identifier in the first information. In this case, the first information is used to instruct the carrier providing node to switch the power control process.

[0185] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information sent by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol.

[0186] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the transmission power used in the previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier) in the first information.

[0187] In summary, the method provided by the embodiment can achieve power control of the carrier providing node by the first information sent by the network device, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices can be reduced.

[0188] The method provided by the embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node by the first identifier and / or the power offset, so as to instruct the carrier providing node to use different transmission powers by different first identifiers and power offsets or different combinations of first identifiers and power offsets, and flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. By determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the minimum value of the first parameter and the second parameter, it can be avoided that the determined transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. By making the offset parameter equal to the power offset, it is not necessary to refer to the previous power control result, so as to avoid that the carrier providing node stores the information of the previous power adjustment, and reduce the storage cost. By referring to the previous power control result to determine the offset parameter, the information amount of the power offset in the first information can be reduced, and the signaling cost can be reduced. By corresponding to the power control processes of different initial transmission powers, the network device can use different power control processes to control the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power devices in different coverage distances.

[0189] The first information sent by the network device achieves power control of the carrier providing node. The network device and the carrier providing node maintain a power control process, and can flexibly perform power control on different low-power devices in different coverage distances. Through power control of the carrier providing node and the low-power device, transmission interference between the low-power devices and interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on transmission of the low-power device can be effectively reduced. The first information sent by the network device carries information including the following two cases.

[0190] The first case: the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset.

[0191] The second case: the first information includes the first identifier.

[0192] For the first case:

[0193] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment. The method can be used in the system shown in FIG. 9. The method includes the following steps.

[0194] In step 1202, the network device sends first information to the carrier providing node, and the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset.

[0195] The first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node can determine the transmission power according to the first information. The carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0196] The carrier providing node includes any node that supports providing a carrier to a low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0197] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device that uses environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, or a passive Internet of Things device.

[0198] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identifier with the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and a corresponding initial transmission power can be uniquely determined according to one first identifier. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first identifier includes a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the carrier-providing node through different power control processes (different power control process IDs). In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, a power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0200] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identifier and the power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power through the power offset, so as to obtain the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0202] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, that is, the power control process and the power control process identifier uniquely correspond.

[0203] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the maximum number.

[0204] For the case that the power control process is associated with a low-power-consumption device group:

[0205] In some embodiments, each power control procedure is associated with a low power device group, different power control procedures are associated with different low power device groups, and each low power device group includes a plurality of low power devices. In some embodiments, each power control procedure is associated with a low power device group identifier (low power device group ID). The low power device group identifier corresponds to a low power device in the low power device group associated with the low power device group identifier. The power control procedure is associated with the low power device group includes that the power control procedure is used to implement the transmission power control for the carrier providing node providing the carrier to the low power device group. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device associating the power control procedure with the low power device group is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0206] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring the transmission of one or more low power devices, and the network device obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmission of the one or more low power devices. The network device can obtain one measured received power for each low power device whose transmission is measured.

[0207] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following information: control information; data; preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, for example, the transmission of the low power device includes a signal or channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0208] The one or more low power devices belong to the same low power device group. For example, the network device obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring the transmission of a plurality of low power devices in the same low power device group, and determines the power offset in the first information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0209] In some embodiments, the low power device group of the one or more low power devices measured by the network device is associated with the power control procedure identifier in the first information. Since each power control procedure (power control procedure identifier) is associated with a low power device group, the low power device group measured by the network device for determining the power offset is the same as the low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node adjusting the transmission power through the first information. The low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node is the low power device group in which the low power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node are located.

[0210] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the multiple measured received powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the power offset according to the multiple measured received powers, the network device determines the power offset according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the multiple measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the power offset according to a minimum value of the multiple measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the power offset according to the minimum value of the power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0211] For example, FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a process of power control by first information according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13, in the process of determining the first information, two rounds of inventory checking are required between the base station 1301 and the A-IoT device group 1303. In the first round of inventory checking corresponding to the A-IoT device group 1303, the base station 1301 receives the transmission sent by the A-IoT devices in the A-IoT device group 1303 and measures multiple received powers. Before the second round of inventory checking corresponding to the A-IoT device group 1303 by the base station 1301, the base station 1301 determines the power offset in the first information according to a minimum value of the multiple measured received powers, and sends the first information containing the power control process ID (power control process 1) and the power offset to the CWN 1302. After receiving the above first information, the CWN 1302 can determine its transmission power in the second round of inventory checking corresponding to the A-IoT device group 1303 according to the first information, which will affect the transmission power of the A-IoT device group 1303 when performing backscattering in the second round of inventory checking. Similarly, when the base station 1301 checks the A-IoT device group 1304, the CWN 1302 can also be adjusted in power by the power control process 2 in the above manner.

[0212] For the case where the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0213] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0214] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is a time domain position at which the network device previously transmits the first information. In some embodiments, the previously transmitted first information corresponds to a same power control process as the first information currently transmitted by the network device, i.e., a power control process identifier in the previously transmitted first information is the same as a power control process identifier in the currently transmitted first information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol. It is to be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of the network device associating a power control process with the first time window, which can depend on the implementation of the network device, for example.

[0215] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring one or more transmissions of the low power consumption devices. The network device obtains one measured received power for each transmission of a low power consumption device.

[0216] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is used to transmit at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is transmitted by backscattering, e.g., the transmission of the low power consumption device includes a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0217] The transmission of the one or more low power consumption devices is within the first time window, i.e., the one or more transmissions of the low power consumption devices measured by the network device are received by the network device within the first time window. For example, the network device obtains a plurality of measured received powers by receiving a respective transmission of a plurality of low power consumption devices within the first time window, and determines the power offset in the first information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0218] In some embodiments, the first time window used by the network device for the measurement (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the first information. Since each power control process (power control process identifier) is associated with a first time window, the power control process corresponding to the first time window measured by the network device for determining the power offset is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first information currently transmitted by the network device.

[0219] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of the multiple measured received powers. That is, in the case that the network device determines the power offset according to the multiple measured received powers, the network device determines the power offset according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of the multiple measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the power offset according to a minimum of the multiple measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the power offset according to the minimum of the powers, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0220] For example, FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a process of power control by the first information according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the base station 1401 transmits the first information three times respectively, so as to perform power control on the CWN 1402. The power control processes corresponding to the three times of transmitting the first information are power control process 1, power control process 2, and power control process 1 respectively. Among them, the first information transmitted by the base station 1401 for the third time comprises a power control process ID and a power offset. The power control process ID is used to identify the power control process 1, and the power offset is determined by the base station 1401 according to the received power of the transmission of one or more A-IoT devices measured in the corresponding first time window when the last time power control is performed by the power control process 1.

[0221] Step 1204: The carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the first information.

[0222] In the case that the first information comprises the first identifier and the power offset, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to a minimum of the first parameter and the second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first identifier and the power offset in the first information, and the second parameter is the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0223] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter comprises a sum of an initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the carrier providing node according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier in the first information, and the offset parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the power offset in the first information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information transmitted by the network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0224] For example, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0225] In the formula, P is the transmission power of the carrier providing node, P0 is the initial transmission power, and Poffset is the offset parameter. represents the first parameter. i is determined according to the power control process identifier in the first information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identifier. It is to be noted that the power control process identifier in the first information received by the carrier-providing node at different times can be different. For example, the power control process identifier in the first information received by the carrier-providing node at time t1 is 1, and the power control process identifier in the first information received by the carrier-providing node at time t2 is 2. In this case, after the carrier-providing node receives the first information at time t2, the carrier-providing node will switch from the power control process 1 to the power control process 2, i.e., the power control process 2 is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0226] In the above formula, P represents the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i. It is to be noted that the initial transmission power is in one-to-one correspondence with the power control process (power control process identifier). For example, the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 1 is the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 2 is Optionally, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices within different coverage distances, i.e., for the carrier-providing nodes corresponding to low-power devices within different coverage distances, different power control processes can be used for power control. For example, the power control process corresponding to a larger initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a farther distance; the power control process corresponding to a smaller initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a closer distance.

[0227] In the above formula, P CMAX represents the second parameter, i.e., the maximum transmission power of the carrier-providing node. It is to be noted that the transmission power determined by the carrier-providing node according to the power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0228] In the above formula, offset represents the offset parameter, which is determined by the carrier-providing node according to the power offset in the first information.

[0229] The first way to determine the offset parameter is:

[0230] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the carrier-providing node does not need to refer to the transmission power determined in the last power control, but directly calculates the transmission power according to the power offset in the first information and the above formula. For example, when the power offset is 0, the transmission power P calculated by the carrier-providing node according to the above formula is equal to the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process.

[0231] The second way of determining the offset parameter:

[0232] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the sum of the power offset in the first information and the power offset used in the last power adjustment (power control). The power control process corresponding to the last power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. In this case, when the carrier-providing node receives the first information to determine the transmission power, it needs to determine the transmission power of the current power adjustment according to the transmission power determined in the last power adjustment. The offset in the above formula is determined according to two information, the first information is the power offset in the first information, and the second information is the power offset used by the carrier-providing node in the last power adjustment of the same power control process. The offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After determining the offset, the carrier-providing node can calculate its transmission power according to the above formula.

[0233] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset parameter, the carrier-providing node can switch the power control process according to the first information received at different times, and the adjacent two power adjustments in the time domain may be for different power control processes. Therefore, the second information must be the power offset used in the last power adjustment of the same power control process, and the power control process is determined according to the power control process identifier in the above first information.

[0234] For example, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a process of determining the transmission power according to the first information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the CWN 1501 receives the first information from the base station 1502 at t1, t2, and t3. The power control process IDs in the first information received three times are used to identify power control process 1, power control process 2, and power control process 1, respectively. When the CWN 1501 performs power adjustment at t3, the offset in the above formula needs to be determined according to the power offset determined when performing power adjustment at t1, and cannot be determined according to the power offset determined when performing power adjustment at t2.

[0235] To sum up, the method provided in the embodiment can realize power control of the carrier providing node through the first information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. Through the control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices is reduced.

[0236] The method provided in the embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier and the power offset, can realize indication of different transmission powers to the carrier providing node through different combinations of the first identifier and the power offset, and flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. Through the maintenance of the power control process and the identification through the power control process identifier, different transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes can be indicated through different power control process identifiers. Through the association of the power control process with the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power device groups can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device group can be accurately controlled on demand. Through the association of the power control process with the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting outside in different time domain positions can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device in the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting in the first time window can be accurately controlled on demand. In addition, when the network device performs power control according to the received power of multiple low-power devices, the coverage distance needs to be ensured while reducing the interference. Through the determination of the power offset according to the minimum value of the multiple measured received powers, it can be ensured that the subsequent transmission of the low-power device corresponding to the minimum measured received power can be correctly received by the network device after the power control. The method provided in the embodiment can also determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the minimum value of the first parameter and the second parameter, thereby avoiding that the determined transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. Through the offset parameter being equal to the power offset, the information of the previous power control result does not need to be referred to, thereby avoiding that the carrier providing node stores the information of the previous power adjustment, and reducing the storage overhead. Through the reference of the previous power control result to determine the offset parameter, the information amount of the power offset in the first information can be reduced, thereby reducing the signaling overhead. Through the power control process corresponding to different initial transmission powers, the network device can support different power control processes for the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power devices in different coverage distances.

[0237] For the above second case:

[0238] FIG. 16 is a flow chart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be used in the system shown in FIG. 9. The method comprises:

[0239] Step 1602: The network device sends first information to the carrier providing node, the first information comprising a power control process identifier.

[0240] The first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node can determine its transmission power according to the first information. The carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. When the first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering, the transmission power of the carrier.

[0241] The carrier providing node comprises any node supporting the provision of a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0242] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, a passive Internet of Things device.

[0243] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association between the first identifier and the initial transmission power comprises a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier can uniquely determine one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replacable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0244] In some embodiments, the first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Through different power control processes (different power control process IDs), different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol.

[0245] In some embodiments, the carrier providing node determines its transmit power according to the first identity. For example, the carrier providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identity, determines the initial transmit power according to the power control process, and thus determines the transmit power of the carrier providing node. For example, the carrier providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identity, determines the transmit power of the carrier providing node according to the transmit power of the carrier providing node used in the power control process before, e.g., the last time when power control / power adjustment is performed in the power control process, and determines the transmit power of the carrier providing node according to the transmit power.

[0246] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0247] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identity, i.e., a power control process corresponds to a power control process identity uniquely.

[0248] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the range of the maximum number.

[0249] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low power consumption device group, different power control processes are associated with different low power consumption device groups, and each low power consumption device group includes multiple low power consumption devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low power consumption device group identity (low power consumption device group ID). The low power consumption devices in the low power consumption device group corresponding to the low power consumption device group identity are associated with the low power consumption device group identity. A power control process is associated with a low power consumption device group, including that the power control process is used to implement transmit power control on the carrier providing node providing carriers to the low power consumption device group. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device to associate the power control process with the low power consumption device group is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0250] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different. A power control process is associated with a first time window, including that the power control process is used to implement transmit power control on the carrier providing node providing carriers to the low power consumption device group within the first time window.

[0251] In some embodiments, the starting position of the first time window is the time domain position at which the network device last transmitted the first information. In some embodiments, the first information last transmitted corresponds to the same power control process as the first information currently transmitted by the network device, i.e., the power control process identifier in the first information last transmitted is the same as the power control process identifier in the first information currently transmitted. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the manner in which the network device associates the power control process with the first time window, which may, for example, depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0252] Step 1604: The carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the first information.

[0253] In the case where the first information includes the first identifier, i.e., the default power offset in the first information received by the carrier providing node, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first identifier in the first information. In this case, the first information functions as an indication by the network device to the carrier providing node to switch the power control process.

[0254] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information transmitted by the network device or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0255] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the transmission power used in the last power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the last power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier) in the first information.

[0256] In summary, the method provided by the present embodiments can achieve power control of the carrier providing node by the first information transmitted by the network device, thereby achieving on-demand flexible control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between low-power devices can be reduced.

[0257] The method provided in the embodiment further controls the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier, and can indicate different transmission powers to the carrier providing node through different first identifiers, and flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. By maintaining the power control process and identifying through the power control process identifier, different transmission powers corresponding to different power control process identifiers can be indicated. By associating the power control process with the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power device groups can be controlled through different power control processes. By associating the power control process with the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting externally at different time domain positions can be controlled through different power control processes. The method provided in the embodiment further supports the network device to use different power control processes for power control of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device within different coverage distances through the power control process corresponding to different initial transmission powers.

[0258] It should be noted that the sequence of the method steps provided in the embodiments of the present application can be appropriately adjusted, the steps can be increased or decreased as appropriate, and the steps can be freely combined to form new embodiments. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application, and therefore will not be described again. In addition, the sequence of the above-mentioned different situations does not have a preferred meaning, but is only for convenience of description.

[0259] FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus provided in an example embodiment of the present application. The apparatus can be implemented as a network device or a part of a network device through software or hardware or a combination of both. The apparatus includes a sending module 1701.

[0260] The sending module 1701 is configured to send first information.

[0261] The first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node can determine its transmission power according to the first information. The carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The first information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node when providing the carrier for backscattering to the low-power device.

[0262] The carrier providing node includes any node supporting providing a carrier to a low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the apparatus. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0263] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no or limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an ambient-IoT (A-IoT) device, a passive IoT device.

[0264] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: the first identifier; the power offset.

[0265] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, which is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the association between the first identifier and the initial transmission power comprises a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0266] In some embodiments, the first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, which is used to identify a power control process associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) is determined according to configuration information sent by the device or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0267] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identifier. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus obtains the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node by determining the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node before the power control process according to the power control process identifier, such as the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node when the last power control / power adjustment was performed in the power control process.

[0268] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmit power according to the first identity and the power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identity, determines an initial transmit power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmit power by the power offset to obtain the transmit power of the carrier-providing node.

[0269] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0270] In some embodiments, the apparatus maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the apparatus maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identity, i.e., a power control process is uniquely corresponding to a power control process identity.

[0271] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the apparatus is determined by the apparatus or predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the apparatus is selected by the apparatus within the range of the maximum number.

[0272] In the case that a power control process is associated with a low-power device group:

[0273] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power device group, different power control processes are associated with different low-power device groups, and each low-power device group includes multiple low-power devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power device group identity (low-power device group ID). A low-power device in the low-power device group corresponding to the low-power device group identity is associated with the low-power device group identity. A power control process is associated with a low-power device group, including that the power control process is used to implement transmit power control on a carrier-providing node that provides a carrier to the low-power device group. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation manner of the apparatus associating a power control process with a low-power device group, which can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0274] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measured receive powers. The one or more measured receive powers are obtained by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the apparatus obtains the one or more measured receive powers by receiving the transmission of the one or more low-power devices. The apparatus can obtain one measured receive power for each low-power device whose transmission is measured.

[0275] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is for transmitting at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted in a backscattering manner, for example, the transmission of the low power device includes a signal or a channel transmitted in a backscattering manner.

[0276] The one or more low power devices are in the same low power device group. For example, the apparatus determines the power offset in the first information based on a plurality of measured received powers, the plurality of measured received powers being measured by the apparatus based on transmissions of a plurality of low power devices in the same low power device group.

[0277] In some embodiments, the low power device group of the one or more low power devices measured by the apparatus is associated with the power control process identification in the first information. Since each power control process (power control process identification) is associated with a low power device group, the low power device group measured by the apparatus for determining the power offset is the same as the low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node for adjusting the transmission power based on the first information. The low power device group corresponding to the carrier providing node is the low power device group in which the low power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node are located.

[0278] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the apparatus determines the power offset based on the plurality of measured received powers, the apparatus determines the power offset based on a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the apparatus determines the power offset based on a minimum value of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the power offset based on the minimum value, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0279] For the case where the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0280] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0281] In some embodiments, the starting position of the first time window is the time domain position at which the apparatus previously transmitted the first information. In some embodiments, the previously transmitted first information corresponds to the same power control process as the first information currently transmitted by the apparatus, i.e., the power control process identifier in the previously transmitted first information is the same as the power control process identifier in the currently transmitted first information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the manner in which the apparatus associates a power control process with a first time window, which can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0282] In some embodiments, the power offset in the first information is determined by the apparatus based on one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices. The apparatus measures the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The apparatus obtains one measured received power for each low power device whose transmission is measured.

[0283] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, e.g., the transmission of the low power device includes a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0284] The transmission of the one or more low power devices is within the first time window, i.e., the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the apparatus receiving the transmissions of the one or more low power devices within the first time window. For example, the apparatus obtains a plurality of measured received powers by receiving the respective transmissions of a plurality of low power devices within the first time window, and determines the power offset in the first information based on the plurality of measured received powers.

[0285] In some embodiments, the first time window used by the apparatus to perform the measurement (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the first information. Since each power control process (power control process identifier) is associated with a first time window, the power control process corresponding to the first time window used by the apparatus to perform the measurement to determine the power offset is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first information currently transmitted by the apparatus.

[0286] In some embodiments, the power offset is determined by the apparatus according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the multiple measured received powers. That is, in the case where the apparatus determines the power offset according to the multiple measured received powers, the apparatus determines the power offset according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the multiple measured received powers. In some embodiments, the apparatus determines the power offset according to a minimum value of the multiple measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the power offset according to the minimum value of the power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0287] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the present embodiments includes a sending module 1701 which supports performing all the sending related steps performed by the network device in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0288] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the present embodiments includes multiple sending modules 1701 which respectively support performing part of the sending related steps performed by the network device in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0289] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different sending modules 1701 are completely the same, or partially the same, or completely different.

[0290] In summary, the apparatus provided by the present embodiments can achieve power control of the carrier providing node through the first information, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand, thereby effectively reducing the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power devices, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and reducing the transmission interference between the low-power devices.

[0291] FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus provided by one of the example embodiments of the present application, which can be implemented as a carrier providing node or a part of a carrier providing node by software or hardware or a combination of both. The apparatus includes a receiving module 1801 and a determining module 1802.

[0292] The receiving module 1801 is configured to receive the first information sent by the network device.

[0293] The first information is used to control the transmission power of the apparatus, and the apparatus can determine its transmission power according to the first information. The apparatus is configured to provide a carrier for a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The first information is used to control the transmission power of the apparatus when the apparatus provides the carrier for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0294] The apparatus comprises any node supporting providing a carrier to a low-power device, and the apparatus has a communication connection with a network device. In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the apparatus is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0295] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an environmental IoT (A-IoT) device, a passive IoT device.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier; a power offset.

[0297] The first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identifier with the initial transmission power comprises that there is a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier can uniquely determine one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replacable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0298] In some embodiments, the first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, and the power control process identifier is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the apparatus. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the apparatus.

[0299] In some embodiments, the apparatus determines its transmission power according to the first identifier. For example, the apparatus determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus obtains the transmission power of the apparatus.

[0300] In some embodiments, the apparatus determines its transmission power according to the first identifier and the power offset. For example, the apparatus determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the power offset, so as to obtain the transmission power of the apparatus.

[0301] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, i.e., a power control process is uniquely corresponding to a power control process identifier. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes is determined by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes depends on the maximum number of power control processes predefined by the communication protocol.

[0302] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0303] The determining module 1802 is configured to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information.

[0304] In the case that the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset:

[0305] In some embodiments, the determining module 1802 is configured to, in the case that the first information includes the first identifier and the power offset, determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to the minimum value of the first parameter and the second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the apparatus according to the first identifier and the power offset in the first information, and the second parameter is the maximum transmission power of the apparatus.

[0306] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the apparatus is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter includes the sum of the initial transmission power and the offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the apparatus according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier in the first information, and the offset parameter is determined by the apparatus according to the power offset in the first information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information transmitted by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol.

[0307] For example, the apparatus determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0308] wherein, The above-mentioned first parameter is represented by i, which is determined according to the power control process identifier in the first information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identifier. It should be noted that the power control process identifier in the first information received by the apparatus at different times can be different. For example, the power control process identifier in the first information received by the apparatus at time t1 is 1, and the power control process identifier in the first information received by the apparatus at time t2 is 2. In this case, after the apparatus receives the first information at time t2, the apparatus will switch from the power control process 1 to the power control process 2, i.e., use the power control process 2 to determine the transmission power.

[0309] The above-mentioned i in the formula is denotes the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i. It should be noted that the initial transmission power is in one-to-one correspondence with the power control process (power control process identifier). For example, the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 1 is The initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 2 is Optionally, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices in different coverage distances, i.e., the devices corresponding to low-power devices in different coverage distances can use different power control processes for power control. For example, the power control process corresponding to the larger initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a farther distance; the power control process corresponding to the smaller initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a closer distance.

[0310] In the above formula, P CMAX denotes the second parameter, i.e., the maximum transmission power of the device. It should be noted that the transmission power determined by the device according to the power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0311] In the above formula, offset denotes the offset parameter, which is determined by the device according to the power offset in the first information.

[0312] The first way to determine the offset parameter is:

[0313] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the device is equal to the power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the device does not need to refer to the transmission power determined by the last power control to determine the transmission power of the current power control, but directly calculates the transmission power according to the power offset in the first information received by the device in the current power control through the above formula. For example, the above power offset is 0, and the transmission power P calculated by the device according to the above formula is equal to the initial transmission power corresponding to the determined power control process.

[0314] The second way to determine the offset parameter is:

[0315] In some embodiments, the offset determined by the apparatus is equal to the sum of the power offset in the first information and the power offset used in the previous power adjustment (power control). In this case, the apparatus needs to determine the transmission power for the current power adjustment based on the transmission power determined in the previous power adjustment when the apparatus receives the first information. The offset in the above formula is determined based on two information, the first information is the power offset in the first information, and the second information is the power offset used in the previous power adjustment for the same power control. The offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After the offset is determined, the apparatus can calculate the transmission power according to the above formula.

[0316] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset, the apparatus can switch the power control according to the first information received at different time points, and therefore the two adjacent power adjustments in the time domain can be for different power controls. Therefore, the second information must be the power offset used in the previous power adjustment for the same power control, and the power control is determined according to the power control identifier in the first information.

[0317] For the case that the first information includes the first identifier:

[0318] In some embodiments, the determining module 1802 is configured to determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to the first identifier in the first information in the case that the first information includes the first identifier, i.e., the default power offset in the first information received by the apparatus. In this case, the first information is used to indicate the apparatus to switch the power control.

[0319] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the apparatus is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to the power control corresponding to the first identifier (power control identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power controls is determined according to the configuration information sent by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol.

[0320] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the apparatus is equal to the transmission power used in the previous power adjustment. In this case, the power control corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control corresponding to the first identifier (power control identifier) in the first information.

[0321] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a receiving module 1801, which supports the execution of all the transmission related steps performed by the carrier providing node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0322] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a plurality of receiving modules 1801, which respectively support performing part of the steps related to sending performed by the carrier providing node in the various embodiments described above.

[0323] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different receiving modules 1801 are completely same, or partially same, or completely different.

[0324] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a determining module 1802, which supports performing all the steps related to sending performed by the carrier providing node in the various embodiments described above.

[0325] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises a plurality of determining modules 1802, which respectively support performing part of the steps related to sending performed by the carrier providing node in the various embodiments described above.

[0326] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different determining modules 1802 are completely same, or partially same, or completely different.

[0327] To sum up, the apparatus provided by the embodiments can realize power control of the apparatus through the first information sent by the network device, so as to realize flexible control of the sending power of the apparatus on demand, thereby effectively reducing the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the apparatus on the low-power device, ensuring normal work of the low-power device according to the carrier provided by the apparatus, and reducing the transmission interference between low-power devices.

[0328] It should be noted that, in the implementation of the functions of the apparatus provided by the above embodiments, only the division of the above various functional modules is exemplified, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0329] As for the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be described in detail here.

[0330] FIG. 19 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which is a low-power device or a first device. The communication device 1900 comprises a processor 1901, a receiver 1902, a transmitter 1903, a memory 1904 and a bus 1905.

[0331] The processor 1901 includes one or more processing cores, and performs various function applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0332] The receiver 1902 and the transmitter 1903 can be implemented as one communication component, which can be one communication chip.

[0333] The memory 1904 is connected to the processor 1901 through the bus 1905. The memory 1904 can be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 1901 is used to execute the at least one instruction to realize the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0334] In addition, the memory 1904 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage devices or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic or optical disks, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM).

[0335] In some embodiments, the processor 1901 is configured to send first information for controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, wherein the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier for a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscatter of the low-power device.

[0336] In some embodiments, the processor 1901 is configured to receive first information sent by a network device, and determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information, wherein the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier for a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscatter of the low-power device.

[0337] In some embodiments, the receiver 1902 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 1901 controls the receiver 1902 to receive signals / data, or the processor 1901 requests the receiver 1902 to receive signals / data, or the processor 1901 cooperates with the receiver 1902 to receive signals / data.

[0338] In some embodiments, the transmitter 1903 transmits signals / data independently, or the processor 1901 controls the transmitter 1903 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 1901 requests the transmitter 1903 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 1901 cooperates with the transmitter 1903 to transmit signals / data.

[0339] In some embodiments, the processor 1901 and the receiver 1902 can be implemented as one module, or the processor 1901 can be implemented as a part of the receiver 1902.

[0340] In some embodiments, the receiver 1902 can be implemented as a receiver. Optionally, the receiver includes or does not include the processor 1901.

[0341] In some embodiments, the processor 1901 and the transmitter 1903 can be implemented as one module, or the processor 1901 can be implemented as a part of the transmitter 1903.

[0342] In some embodiments, the transmitter 1903 can be implemented as a transmitter. Optionally, the transmitter includes or does not include the processor 1901.

[0343] In exemplary embodiments, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the power control method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0344] In exemplary embodiments, a chip is also provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running on a communication device, is used to implement the power control method provided by each of the above method embodiments based on the programmable logic circuit and / or program.

[0345] In exemplary embodiments, a computer program product is also provided, which, when running on a processor of a computer device, causes the computer device to perform the above power control method.

[0346] In an example embodiment, a computer program is also provided, which comprises computer instructions, and a processor of a computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the power control method described above.

[0347] Those skilled in the art should be aware that, in one or more examples described above, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions can be stored in a computer readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium includes computer storage medium and communication medium, and the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a general or special purpose computer.

[0348] The above description is merely illustrative of the example embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

A power control method, characterized by, The method is performed by a network device, and the method comprises: sending first information, the first information being used for controlling transmission power of a carrier providing node; wherein the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low power consumption device. The method of claim 1, wherein The first information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier; a power offset. The first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier being used for identifying a power control process, the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The network device maintains one or more power control processes, each power control process being associated with a unique power control process identifier. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Each power control process is associated with a group of low power consumption devices. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The power offset is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring transmissions of one or more low power consumption devices, the one or more low power consumption devices belonging to the same group of low power consumption devices. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The group of low power consumption devices of the one or more low power consumption devices is associated with the power control process identifier in the first information. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that Each power control process is associated with a first time window. The method of claim 8, wherein The power offset is determined by the network device according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring transmissions of one or more low power consumption devices, the transmissions of the one or more low power consumption devices being located within the first time window. The method of claim 9, wherein The first time window is associated with the power control process identifier in the first information. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that A starting position of the first time window is a time domain position of a previous time when the first information is sent. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that A length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol. The method according to any one of claims 6, 7, 9 to 12, characterized in that The transmissions of the low power consumption device are used for transmitting at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. The method according to any one of claims 6, 7, 9 to 13, characterized in that The power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of a plurality of measured received powers. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that A maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by a communication protocol. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that The first information is carried in at least one of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). A power control method, characterized by, The method is performed by a carrier providing node, and the method comprises: receiving first information sent by a network device; determining transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information; wherein the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low power consumption device. The method of claim 17, wherein The first information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier; a power offset. The first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power. The method of claim 18, wherein The first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier being used for identifying a power control process, the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The first information comprises the first identifier and the power offset; and determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information comprises: determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the minimum of the first parameter and the second parameter; wherein the first parameter is determined according to the first identifier and the power offset, and the second parameter is the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. The maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by a communication protocol. The method of claim 20, wherein The first parameter comprises a sum of the initial transmission power and an offset parameter; The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that wherein the initial transmission power is determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier, and the offset parameter is determined according to the power offset. The offset parameter is equal to the power offset. The method of claim 22, wherein The offset parameter is equal to a sum of the power offset and a power offset used in a previous power adjustment. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that wherein the power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. The first information comprises the first identifier; and determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information comprises: The method according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first identifier. The transmission power of the carrier providing node is equal to the initial transmission power, which is determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier. The method of claim 25, wherein The transmission power of the carrier providing node is equal to a transmission power used in a previous power adjustment. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that wherein the power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier. The initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by a network device, or is predefined by a communication protocol. The method according to claim 22 or 26, characterized in that The first information is carried in at least one of a PDCCH and a PDSCH. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 28, characterized in that The apparatus comprises: A power control device characterized by comprising: a sending module configured to send first information, the first information being used to control transmission power of a carrier providing node; wherein the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low power consumption device. The first information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier; a power offset; The apparatus of claim 30, wherein wherein the first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power. The first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier being used to identify a power control process, the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein The apparatus maintains one or more power control processes, each power control process being associated with a unique power control process identifier. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein Each power control process is associated with a group of low power consumption devices. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein The power offset is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measured received powers; The apparatus of claim 34, wherein wherein the one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring transmission of one or more low power consumption devices, the one or more low power consumption devices belonging to the same group of low power consumption devices. The group of low power consumption devices of the one or more low power consumption devices is associated with the power control process identifier in the first information. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein ​ The apparatus according to any one of claims 33 to 36, characterized in that Each of the power control processes is associated with a first time window. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein The power offset is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by measuring one or more transmissions of low power devices, and the one or more transmissions of the low power devices are located in the first time window. The apparatus of claim 38, wherein The first time window is associated with the power control process identification in the first information. The apparatus according to any one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that A starting position of the first time window is a time domain position of a previous transmission of the first information. The apparatus according to any one of claims 37 to 40, characterized in that A length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol. The apparatus according to any one of claims 35, 36, 38-41, wherein The transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following information: control information; data; a preamble. The apparatus according to any one of claims 35, 36, 38-42, wherein The power offset is determined by the apparatus according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of a plurality of measured received powers. The apparatus according to any one of claims 33 to 43, characterized in that A maximum number of power control processes maintained by the apparatus is determined by the apparatus or predefined by a communication protocol. The apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 44, characterized in that The first information is carried in at least one of a PDCCH and a PDSCH. A power control device characterized by comprising: The apparatus comprises: a receiving module configured to receive first information transmitted by a network device; a determining module configured to determine a transmission power of the apparatus according to the first information; The apparatus is configured to provide a carrier for a low power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low power device. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein The first information comprises at least one of the following information: a first identification; a power offset. The first identification is associated with an initial transmission power. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein The first identification comprises a power control process identification, and the power control process identification is used to identify a power control process associated with the initial transmission power. The apparatus of claim 47 or 48, wherein The first information comprises the first identification and the power offset; and the determining module is configured to determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to a minimum value of a first parameter and a second parameter. The first parameter is determined according to the first identification and the power offset, and the second parameter is a maximum transmission power of the apparatus. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein The maximum transmission power of the apparatus is predefined by a communication protocol. The apparatus of claim 49 or 50, wherein The first parameter comprises a sum of the initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identification, and the offset parameter is determined according to the power offset. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein The offset parameter is equal to the power offset. The apparatus of claim 51 or 52, wherein The offset parameter is equal to a sum of the power offset and a power offset used in a previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as a power control process corresponding to the power control process identification. The apparatus of any one of claims 47 to 53, wherein The first information comprises the first identification; and the determining module is configured to determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to the first identification. The apparatus of claim 54, wherein The transmission power of the apparatus is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identification. The apparatus of claim 54 or 55, wherein The transmission power of the apparatus is equal to a transmission power used in a previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as a power control process corresponding to the first identification. The apparatus of claim 51 or 55, wherein The initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by the network device or is predefined by a communication protocol. The apparatus of any one of claims 47 to 57, wherein The first information is carried in at least one of a PDCCH and a PDSCH. A network device, characterized in that The network device comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the network device is configured to transmit first information, the first information being used for controlling transmission power of a carrier providing node; wherein the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier for a low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device. A carrier providing node, characterized by The carrier providing node comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the carrier providing node is configured to receive first information transmitted by a network device; and determine transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first information; wherein the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier for a low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized by The readable storage medium stores executable instructions, the executable instructions are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 29. A chip characterized by The chip comprises programmable logic circuits or programs, and the chip is used to implement the power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 29 based on the programmable logic circuits or programs. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 29.

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