Power control method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of low-power communications. Disclosed are a power control method and apparatus, and a device and a storage medium. The method comprises: receiving first information sent by an intermediate node; and sending second information, which is used for controlling the transmission power of a carrier provider node, wherein the second information is determined on the basis of the first information, the intermediate node is used for achieving bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power device, and the carrier provider node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power device, which carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device. By means of controlling the transmission power of a carrier provider node, the transmission interference of a carrier provided by the carrier provider node to a low-power device can be effectively reduced.

Description

Power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of low-power communication, and in particular to a power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous evolution of wireless communication technology, Internet of Things (IoT) technology is applied to all aspects of production and life. Low-power devices in the IoT field, such as ambient power enabled IoT (A-IoT) devices, support external transmission through backscattering. The carrier used by the low-power device for backscattering can be provided by a carrier providing node.

[0003] The carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device will interfere with the transmission sent by the low-power device. Further discussion and research are needed to solve this interference.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a power control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] According to an aspect of the present application, a power control method is provided, which is performed by a network device, and the method comprises:

[0007] receiving first information sent by an intermediate node;

[0008] sending second information, the second information being used to control the transmission power of a carrier providing node;

[0009] wherein the second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is used to realize bidirectional communication between the network device and a low-power device, the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0010] According to an aspect of the present application, a power control method is provided, which is performed by an intermediate node, and the method comprises:

[0011] sending first information, the first information being used to determine second information, the second information being used to control the transmission power of a carrier providing node;

[0012] wherein the intermediate node is used to realize bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power device, the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a power control method, the method being performed by a carrier providing node, the method comprising:

[0014] receiving second information sent by a network device;

[0015] determining a transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the second information;

[0016] wherein the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power consumption device.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a power control apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0018] a receiving module configured to receive first information sent by an intermediate node;

[0019] a sending module configured to send second information, the second information being used for controlling a transmission power of a carrier providing node;

[0020] wherein the second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is configured to implement bidirectional communication between the apparatus and a low power consumption device, and the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power consumption device.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a power control apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0022] a sending module configured to send first information, the first information being used for determining second information, the second information being used for controlling a transmission power of a carrier providing node;

[0023] wherein the apparatus is configured to implement bidirectional communication between a network device and a low power consumption device, and the carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power consumption device.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a power control apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0025] a receiving module configured to receive second information sent by a network device;

[0026] a determining module configured to determine a transmission power of the apparatus according to the second information;

[0027] wherein the apparatus is configured to provide a carrier to a low power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power consumption device.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present application, a network device is provided, comprising: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the network device is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present application, an intermediate node is provided, comprising: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the intermediate node is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present application, a carrier providing node is provided, comprising: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the carrier providing node is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, wherein executable instructions are stored in the computer readable storage medium, and the executable instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present application, a chip is provided, comprising programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, when the chip is running on a computer device, for implementing the power control method according to the above aspect based on the programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, so that a computer device executes the power control method according to the above aspect.

[0034] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The first information is sent to the network device through the intermediate node, so that the network device sends the second information according to the first information, and the power of the carrier providing node can be controlled through the second information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-power communication system according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first topology according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second topology according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of transmission interference in the second topology according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of D2R transmission according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a communication system according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a process of controlling the transmission power of a carrier providing node according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 15 is a diagram of a process of power control by second information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 16 is a diagram of a process of power control by second information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 17 is a diagram of a process of determining transmission power according to second information according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 22 is a diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an example embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] For the purpose of making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings. The example embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following example embodiments do not represent all the embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0060] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term "and / or," as used herein, refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0061] It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used herein to describe various information, these terms are not intended to denote a temporal or chronological order. Rather, these terms are used solely to distinguish one from another. For example, a first information can be termed a second information, and, similarly, a second information can be termed a first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Depending on the context, the word "if' as used herein can be interpreted to mean "when" or "in response to determining".

[0062] The technical solutions described in some embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, evolved system of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) system, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system, 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) system, cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, and can also be applied to the evolved system after 5G NR system, and can also be applied to 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (6G) system and the evolved system thereafter.

[0063] It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, "5G" can also be referred to as "5G NR" or "NR".

[0064] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" can represent a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, can also represent an associated relationship between the two, or can indicate a relationship such as indicated, configured, and the like.

[0065] The principle of low-power Internet of Things communication is introduced:

[0066] Low-power Internet of Things communication is a kind of ultra-low-power Internet of Things communication technology. Low-power Internet of Things can also be called Ambient IoT (A-IoT), or passive IoT. Low-power devices in low-power Internet of Things (A-IoT devices) refer to devices that use various environmental energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy to drive themselves. Such devices can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of microfarads). Compared with other IoT devices, A-IoT devices have many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and long service life.

[0067] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a low-power communication system 100 provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which includes a network device 120 and a low-power device 140. In some embodiments, the low-power device 140 includes a device that uses various environmental energies such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy to drive itself, has a low-power or zero-power characteristic. Such devices can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of uF). In some embodiments, the low-power device 140 includes at least one of a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device, and a passive IoT device. In some embodiments, the low-power communication in the present application is equivalent to / replacable by zero-power communication, and the low-power Internet of Things in the present application is equivalent to / replacable by zero-power Internet of Things.

[0068] The network device 120 is configured to transmit a wireless powering signal, a downlink communication signal to the low-power device 140, and receive a backscatter signal from the low-power device 140. The low-power device 140 can also be referred to as an Ambient power enabled Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) device, and includes an energy harvesting module 141, a backscatter communication module 142, and a low-power computing module 143. The energy harvesting module 141 can harvest energy carried by radio waves in the space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the low-power device 140 and implement backscatter communication. After the low-power device 140 obtains energy, the low-power device 140 can receive control signaling from the network device 120, and transmit data to the network device 120 based on the control signaling in a backscatter manner. The transmitted data can be from data stored in the low-power device 140 itself (such as an identity or pre-written information such as a production date, a brand, a manufacturer, and the like of a product).

[0069] The low-power device 140 can further include a sensor module 144 and a memory 145. The sensor module 144 can include various sensors, and the low-power device 140 can report data collected by the various sensors based on a low-power mechanism. The memory 145 is configured to store some basic information (such as an article identifier) or store sensed data such as an ambient temperature and an ambient humidity.

[0070] The low-power device 140 does not need a battery itself, and the low-power computing module 143 can implement simple signal demodulation, decoding, or encoding, modulation, and the like. Therefore, the low-power device 140 only needs a very simple hardware design, so that the low-power device 140 has a very low cost and a very small size.

[0071] The network device 120 includes but is not limited to a cellular network device such as a 5G / 6G network device, a base station device, a WiFi / WLAN network device such as an Access Point (AP), a router, and a mobile access point such as a mobile phone.

[0072] The low-power device 140 includes but is not limited to a handheld device, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, and an Internet of Things device, and the low-power device 140 can be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a television, a game console, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal, a Mixed Reality (MR) terminal, a wearable device, a hand-held controller, an electronic tag, and a controller.

[0073] The key technologies of low-power Internet of Things mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and back scattering communication. Next, low-power communication is further introduced:

[0074] • Radio frequency energy harvesting (Radio Frequency Power Harvesting).

[0075] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting provided by an example embodiment of the present application. Radio frequency energy harvesting is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and uses a radio frequency module (RF) to harvest energy from space electromagnetic waves through electromagnetic induction, and a capacitor C and a load resistor R L connected in parallel relationship to achieve the collection of space electromagnetic wave energy, and obtain the energy required to drive low-power devices, such as: for driving low-power demodulation modules, modulation modules, sensors, and memory reading, etc. Therefore, low-power devices do not need traditional batteries.

[0076] • Back scattering communication (Back Scattering).

[0077] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the back scattering communication process provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The low-power device 140 receives the wireless signal carrier 131 transmitted by the transmit (TX) module 121 of the network device 120 using an amplifier (AMP) 122, and modulates the wireless signal carrier 131, loads the information to be transmitted using a logic processing module 147, and collects radio frequency energy using an energy harvesting module 141. The low-power device 140 radiates the modulated reflected signal 132 using an antenna 146, and this information transmission process is called back scattering communication. The receive (RX) module 123 of the network device 120 receives the modulated reflected signal 132 using a low noise amplifier (LNA) 124. Back scattering and load modulation are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the low-power device 140 according to the beat of the data stream, so that the size of the electronic tag impedance and other parameters change, and the modulation process is completed.

[0078] The load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation. FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by an example embodiment of the present application. In resistance load modulation, the load resistor R L is connected in parallel with a third resistor R3, and the switch S based on binary coded control is used to turn on or off, and the on-off of the third resistor R3 will cause the voltage on the circuit to change, and the load resistor R L is connected in parallel with a first capacitor C1, and the load resistor R LThe second resistor R2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1, and the first inductor L1 is connected in series with the second resistor R2. The first inductor L1 is coupled with the second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 is connected in series with the second capacitor C2. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) can be achieved, i.e. the amplitude of the backscatter signal of the low-power device is adjusted to modulate and transmit the signal. Similarly, in the capacitor load modulation, the on-off of the capacitor can change the resonant frequency of the circuit, and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) can be achieved, i.e. the working frequency of the backscatter signal of the low-power device is adjusted to modulate and transmit the signal.

[0079] The low-power device modulates the incoming signal by load modulation to achieve the process of backscatter communication. The low-power device has the following advantages: (1) it does not actively transmit signals, so it does not need a complex radio frequency link such as a power amplifier (PA) and a radio frequency filter; (2) it does not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so it does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator; and (3) by means of backscatter communication, the signal transmission does not consume the energy of the low-power device itself.

[0080] Classification of low-power devices

[0081] Based on the energy source and usage of the low-power device, the low-power device can be classified as follows:

[0082] (1) Passive low-power device

[0083] The low-power device does not need an internal battery. When the low-power device is close to a network device, the low-power device is in the near-field range formed by the antenna radiation of the network device, for example, the network device is a reader / writer of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Therefore, the antenna of the low-power device generates an induced current by electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. The low-power device can demodulate the forward link (downlink, link from the network device to the low-power device) signal and modulate the backlink (uplink, link from the low-power device to the network device) signal, etc. For the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or active transmission with extremely low power to transmit signals.

[0084] The passive low-power device does not need a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a truly low-power (zero-power) device. The passive low-power device does not need a battery, and the radio frequency circuit and the baseband circuit are very simple, for example, without LNA, PA, crystal oscillator, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc., and has many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0085] (2) Semi-passive low-power device.

[0086] The semi-passive low-power device does not install a conventional battery itself, can use a radio frequency energy harvesting module to collect radio wave energy, or use a solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, etc. Energy corresponding to the collection module to collect energy, and at the same time store the collected energy in an energy storage unit, for example, the energy storage unit is a capacitor. After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the back link, etc. For the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit signals.

[0087] The semi-passive low-power device does not need a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a truly low-power (zero-power) device. The passive low-power device inherits many advantages of the passive low-power device, such as: small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0088] (3) Active low-power device.

[0089] Some low-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active low-power devices, which can have a built-in battery (which can use a conventional battery, such as a dry battery, a rechargeable lithium battery, etc.). The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the low-power device. Realize the demodulation of the forward link signal, and the signal modulation of the back link, etc. But for the backscatter link, the low-power device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Therefore, the low power of the active low-power device is mainly reflected in that the signal transmission of the reverse link does not need to consume the power of the low-power device itself, but uses the backscatter mode. Although the active low-power device uses a battery, due to the use of ultra-low-power communication technology, the power consumption is very low, so the working life of the battery can be greatly improved. In the active low-power device, the built-in battery supplies power to the RFID chip, increases the read-write distance of the tag, and improves the reliability of communication. Therefore, it can be applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements on communication distance, reading delay, etc.

[0090] • Classification of low-power devices based on transmitter type.

[0091] The service type of low-power Internet of Things is similar to other Internet of Things service types, and the above service is mainly used. According to the way in which low-power devices send data, low-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0092] (1) Low-power devices based on backscatter.

[0093] This type of low-power device uses the above-mentioned backscatter method for uplink data transmission. This type of low-power device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a backscatter transmitter. Therefore, when this type of low-power device transmits uplink data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and the low-power device performs backscatter based on the carrier to achieve uplink data transmission.

[0094] (2) Low-power devices based on active transmitters.

[0095] This type of low-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability for uplink data transmission, so this type of low-power device can use its own active transmitter to transmit uplink data when transmitting uplink data, without the need for the network device to provide a carrier. The active transmitter suitable for low-power devices may be, for example, an ultra-low-power ASK transmitter, an ultra-low-power FSK transmitter, etc. Based on the current implementation, the overall power consumption of this type of transmitter can be reduced to 400-600 microwatts when transmitting a 100-microwatt signal.

[0096] (3) Low-power devices that have both backscatter and active transmitters.

[0097] This type of low-power device can support both backscatter and active transmitters. The low-power device can determine whether to use backscatter or use an active transmitter for active transmission based on different situations (such as different power situations, different available environmental energy situations), or based on the scheduling of the network device.

[0098] • Application scenarios of low-power communication.

[0099] Low-power communication can be widely used in various industries due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, low power consumption, and small size, for example, vertical industry logistics, intelligent warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, industrial Internet, etc. It can also be applied to personal application scenarios such as smart wearables, smart home, etc.

[0100] • Cellular Internet of Things.

[0101] The cellular Internet of Things is booming, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine-Type Communications (MTC), Reduced Capability (RedCap), and other Internet of Things technologies, but there are still many Internet of Things communication needs that cannot be met in scenarios such as:

[0102] Severe communication environment.

[0103] Some Internet of Things scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed motion. For example, ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold environment monitoring, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies, existing Internet of Things terminal devices will not work. In addition, extreme working environments are also not conducive to the maintenance of Internet of Things terminal devices, such as replacing batteries.

[0104] Small size terminal form requirement.

[0105] Some Internet of Things communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearables, require terminals to have extremely small sizes to facilitate use in these scenarios. For example, Internet of Things terminal devices used for commodity management in the circulation link usually use the form of electronic tags, which are embedded in commodity packaging in a very small form. For another example, lightweight wearable Internet of Things terminal devices can meet user needs while improving user experience.

[0106] Low-cost Internet of Things communication needs.

[0107] Many Internet of Things communication scenarios require Internet of Things terminal devices to be low-cost enough to improve competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating goods, Internet of Things terminal devices can be attached to each item, thereby completing the precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle through communication between the Internet of Things terminal device and the logistics network. These scenarios require Internet of Things terminal devices to be competitively priced.

[0108] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet Internet of Things communication needs, ultra-low-cost, extremely small, battery-free / maintenance-free Internet of Things are needed in cellular Internet of Things, and low-power Internet of Things can exactly meet these needs.

[0109] The topology related to low-power devices is introduced:

[0110] There are at least two kinds of low-power devices at present:

[0111] · The first kind of low-power device: a low-power device with a peak power consumption of ~1 uW, which has energy storage capability, an initial sampling frequency offset of 10 X ppm, without uplink and / or downlink power amplifier, which transmits uplink transmission by backscattering an external carrier.

[0112] · The second kind of low-power device: a low-power device with a peak power consumption of less than a few hundred uW, which has energy storage capability, an initial sampling frequency offset of 10 X ppm, which can be configured with uplink and / or downlink power amplifier, which transmits uplink transmission by backscattering an external carrier or by generating uplink transmission inside the low-power device.

[0113] In some embodiments, the low-power device involves two topologies (deployment scenarios).

[0114] For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first topology according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the topology 1 (Topology 1) can be represented as a base station (BS) 501 , a low-power device 502, the base station 501 directly communicates with the low-power device 502 in a bidirectional manner. The base station 501 that transmits information to the low-power device 502 and the base station 501 that receives information transmitted by the low-power device 502 can be two different base stations 501.

[0115] For example, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the second topology according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the topology 2 (Topology 2) can be represented as a base station 601 , an intermediate node 602 , and a low-power device 603. The low-power device 603 communicates with the intermediate node 602 in a bidirectional manner, and the intermediate node 602 can relay signaling and / or data between the base station 601 and the low-power device 603. In some embodiments, the intermediate node 602 is a terminal under network control. In some embodiments, the intermediate node includes a relay (Relay), an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a terminal, a repeater, etc.

[0116] For the low-power device shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 that backscatters, the carrier wave used for backscattering can be provided by the base station (corresponding to topology 1), or by the intermediate node (corresponding to topology 2), or also by a third node other than the base station and the intermediate node, for example, a carrier wave providing node, also known as a carrier wave node (CWN).

[0117] Power control for NR Uu uplink transmission is introduced:

[0118] In the uplink transmission based on the NR UU interface, the terminal needs to perform power control when sending data, so as to ensure that the received power of the uplink signals sent by each terminal to the base station is approximately the same order of magnitude, thereby avoiding interference between each other. In other words, the terminal far away from the base station needs to use a larger transmission power due to the larger path loss. Conversely, the terminal close to the base station needs to use a smaller transmission power due to the smaller path loss. If the terminal close to the base station uses a larger transmission power, it will cause the base station to be unable to correctly receive the uplink transmission of the terminal far away, that is, the near-far effect is generated.

[0119] Specifically, for a certain terminal, it determines the uplink transmission power mainly through two ways, one is open loop power control, and the other is closed loop power control.

[0120] Open loop power control:

[0121] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the terminal is represented as P = min(P0 + a * PL + offset, Pcmax) dBm. Wherein, Pcmax is the maximum transmission power of the terminal, P0 + a * PL is the transmission power determined by the terminal based on the open loop power control, P0 is the target received power, a is the path loss compensation factor, P0 and a are configured by the network, for example, through radio resource control (RRC) signaling configuration. It can be understood that, due to the limitation of RRC signaling configuration, the transmission power determined based on the open loop power control (i.e. P0 + a * PL) is often configured once for a long period of time for the terminal to use, and it is unable to frequently control the transmission power of the terminal by adjusting the values of P0 and a. In addition, the open loop power control needs the terminal to measure the path loss PL, for example, the terminal obtains the downlink received power by measuring the pilot in the downlink synchronization signal block (SSB) or the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and obtains the path loss PL by subtracting the measured downlink received power from the transmission power indicated by the base station to the terminal.

[0122] Closed loop power control:

[0123] In order to be able to adjust the terminal's sending power more quickly, the base station can also adjust the terminal's sending power through closed loop power control, that is, by indicating the offset of the power to the terminal, which can be called Transmit Power Control (TPC), which is indicated to the terminal by the base station through Downlink Control Information (DCI). Specifically, there are two ways for the terminal to determine the sending power according to the offset. One is that the terminal receives the offset after receiving the DCI, directly uses the offset and the power P0+α*PL determined based on the open loop power control to calculate the terminal's final sending power according to the above formula P = min(P0+α*PL+offset, Pcmax) dBm. The other is that the terminal receives the offset offset2 after receiving the DCI, assumes offset1 as the offset received by the terminal last time for power adjustment, and first calculates offset = offset1+offset2, and then calculates the terminal's final sending power according to the offset and the power P0+α*PL determined based on the open loop power control according to the formula P = min(P0+α*PL+offset, Pcmax) dBm. The difference between the above two ways of using offset to determine the sending power is that the offset of the first way directly acts on the power determined based on the open loop power control, and the offset of the second way first acts on the offset received last time, and then acts on the power determined based on the open loop power control. It can be understood that under the second way, the terminal needs to store the offset received last time. The above first way can be called non-accumulation closed loop power control, and the second way can be called accumulation-based closed loop power control.

[0124] Transmission interference of low-power communication is introduced:

[0125] With reference to the above description of the topology of the low-power device, by way of example, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of transmission interference in a second topology according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, in the topology 2, the base station 701 transmits to the intermediate node 702 through a down link (DL), and the intermediate node 702 transmits to the base station 701 through an up link (UL). The reader (i.e., the intermediate node 702) sends a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission to the low-power device 703, and the low-power device 703 sends a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission to the reader through backscattering. Through the above transmission process, the intermediate node 702 relays signaling and / or data between the base station 701 and the low-power device 703. The carrier used by the low-power device 703 for backscattering is provided by a third node CWN 704, and the CWN 704 is a terminal-type node.

[0126] The carrier provided by the CWN 704 in FIG. 7 can cause interference to the reader receiving the D2R transmission. Specifically, since the low-power device 703 sends the D2R transmission through backscattering, the reader receives the D2R transmission from the low-power device 703, and also receives the carrier provided by the CWN 704. The received power of the carrier provided by the CWN 704 can cause interference to the reader receiving the D2R transmission. The greater the carrier power provided by the CWN 704, the more serious the interference. On the other hand, the greater the carrier power provided by the CWN 704, the greater the power of the D2R transmission backscattered by the low-power device 703, and the greater the received power of the reader. If the reader needs to receive D2R transmissions from different low-power devices 703 at the same time, the transmission with greater received power can cause more serious interference to the transmission with lower received power.

[0127] It can be understood that for the first topology described above, the carrier provided by the CWN to the low-power device can also cause similar interference as shown in FIG. 7. In this case, the reader can be understood as the base station.

[0128] It can be known from the above that, in order to reduce the interference of the CWN on the reception of the D2R transmission by the reading side, power control of the CWN of the terminal type by the network device is a problem to be solved. In addition, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a D2R transmission provided by an example embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 8, in the above scenario, the same CWN 801 can need to provide a carrier used for backscattering for one or more low-power devices (for example, low-power device 8021, low-power device 8022, and low-power device 8023 in FIG. 8), and the base station 804 needs to consider the normal operation of each low-power device when performing power control on the CWN 801. For example, it is assumed that the low-power device 8022 and the low-power device 8023 are far away from the intermediate node 803, and the low-power device 8021 is close to the intermediate node 803. If the base station 804 only performs power control on the CWN 801 according to the backscattering information of the low-power device 8021, the transmission power of the CWN 801 will be reduced, and then the backscattering power of the low-power device 8022 and the low-power device 8023 can be too low, so that the intermediate node 803 cannot correctly receive the transmission from the low-power device 8022 and the low-power device 8023.

[0129] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application can send the first information to the network device through the intermediate node, so that the network device sends the second information according to the first information, and the power control of the carrier providing node can be realized through the second information, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and reducing the transmission interference between the low-power devices.

[0130] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a communication system 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system architecture can include a terminal 10, an access network device 20, and a core network device 30.

[0131] The terminal 10 can refer to a UE (User Equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. Alternatively, the terminal can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal in a 5GS (5th Generation System), or a terminal in a future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For the convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as terminals. In some embodiments, the terminal 10 is implemented as an intermediate node for relaying signaling and / or data between a network device and a low-power device. In some embodiments, the terminal 10 is implemented as a carrier providing node for providing a carrier to a low-power device, so that the low-power device can backscatter through the carrier for external transmission.

[0132] It should be noted that the number of terminals 10 is usually multiple, and one or more terminals 10 can be distributed in the cell managed by each access network device 20. In addition, one or more terminals 10 can also be distributed outside the cell managed by the access network device 20. Among them, different terminals 10 can communicate based on sidelink.

[0133] The access network device 20 is a device deployed in an access network to provide wireless communication functions for the terminal 10. The access network device 20 can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and the like. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with access network device functions can be different, for example, in a 5G NR system, it is called gNodeB or gNB. As the communication technology evolves, the name of the "access network device" can change. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned devices that provide wireless communication functions for the terminal 10 are collectively referred to as access network devices. Optionally, through the access network device 20, a communication relationship can be established between the terminal 10 and the core network device 30. Illustratively, in a long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) system, the access network device 20 can be an EUTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or one or more eNodeBs in the EUTRAN; in a 5G NR system, the access network device 20 can be a RAN or one or more gNBs in the RAN.

[0134] The main function of the core network device 30 is to provide user connection, management of users, and completion of bearer for services, and to provide an interface to an external network as a bearer network. For example, the core network device in a 5G NR system can include an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entity, a UPF (User Plane Function) entity, and an SMF (Session Management Function) entity, and the like. The access network device 20 and the core network device 30 can be collectively referred to as network devices.

[0135] In one example, the access network device 20 and the core network device 30 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as an NG interface in a 5G NR system. The access network device 20 and the terminal 10 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as a Uu interface. The terminal 10 and the terminal 10 communicate with each other through some air technology, such as a PC5 interface.

[0136] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a power control method provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a network device. The method includes:

[0137] Step 1002: receiving first information sent by an intermediate node.

[0138] The intermediate node is configured to enable bidirectional communication between the network device and the low-power device. The intermediate node is located between the network device and the low-power device, and has a communication connection with the network device and the low-power device respectively. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the network device and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the intermediate node comprises at least one of a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is a terminal under network control.

[0139] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and the like. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things (IoT) device, an ambient energy IoT (A-IoT) device, and a passive IoT device.

[0140] The first information is used by the network device to determine the second information, which is used to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier-providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering by the low-power device to achieve external transmission. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node to the low-power device for backscattering. The greater the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node, the greater the transmission power of the low-power device when backscattering according to the carrier; the smaller the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node, the smaller the transmission power of the low-power device when backscattering according to the carrier.

[0141] The carrier-providing node comprises any node supporting the provision of a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier-providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node is implemented as a terminal-type node.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The intermediate node obtains one measured received power for each low power device whose transmission is measured.

[0143] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measured received power, which is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measured received powers obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the low power device.

[0144] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a plurality of measured received powers, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the second power offset based on the minimum power, which can depend on the implementation of the intermediate node.

[0145] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is for transmitting at least one of: control information; data; and a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, e.g., the transmission of the low power device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0147] Step 1004: transmitting the second information.

[0148] In some embodiments, the second information comprises at least one of: the first identity; and a first power offset.

[0149] The first identity is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identity with the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identities and different initial transmission powers, and a corresponding initial transmission power can be uniquely determined according to one first identity. In some embodiments, the first identity is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identity is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identity.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first identity includes a power control process identity (Identity Document, ID) used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the carrier-providing node through different power control processes (different power control process IDs). In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identities (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by a network device or are predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identity, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0151] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identity according to the power control process identity, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus obtains the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node used before the power control process according to the power control process identity, such as the transmission power used when the last power control / power adjustment is performed in the power control process, by determining the power control process identified by the power control process identity.

[0152] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity and the first power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identity according to the power control process identity, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the first power offset, so as to obtain the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0153] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0154] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, i.e., a power control process is uniquely corresponding to a power control process identifier.

[0155] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the actual number of power control processes maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the range of the maximum number.

[0156] For example, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a process of controlling the transmission power of a carrier providing node according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, in topology 2, low-power device 1103 communicates with intermediate node 1102 bidirectionally, thereby communicating with base station 1101 through intermediate node 1102. The carrier used by low-power device 1103 for backscattering is provided by CWN 1104, and both intermediate node 1102 and CWN 1104 are controlled by base station 1101. Intermediate node 1102 cannot directly control CWN 1104. In the process of controlling the transmission power of CWN 1104, intermediate node 1102 sends first information to base station 1101, and base station 1101 sends second information (power control related information) to CWN 1104 according to the first information, thereby controlling the transmission power of CWN 1104.

[0157] For the case that a power control process is associated with a group of low-power devices:

[0158] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a group of low-power devices, different power control processes are associated with different groups of low-power devices, and each group of low-power devices includes multiple low-power devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a group of low-power device identifier (group of low-power device ID). The low-power devices in the group of low-power devices corresponding to the group of low-power device identifier are associated with the group of low-power device identifier. A power control process is associated with a group of low-power devices, including that the power control process is used to implement transmission power control on a carrier providing node providing a carrier to the group of low-power devices. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of the network device associating a power control process with a group of low-power devices, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0159] (1) For the case that the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0160] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices belonging to the same low-power device group as the first low-power device group.

[0161] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the low-power device group to which the low-power device measured by the intermediate node belongs.

[0162] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the one or more measured received powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node measures transmissions of multiple low-power devices in the same low-power device group to obtain multiple measured received powers, and then sends the multiple measured received powers to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the multiple measured received powers.

[0163] In some embodiments, the low-power device group to which the measured received power used by the network device to determine the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset belongs is the same as the low-power device group to which the carrier-providing node corresponding to the transmission power adjusted by the second information belongs. The low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the low-power device group to which the low-power device using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node belongs.

[0164] For example, the second information sent by the network device includes a power control process identifier and a first power offset. The power control process identifier is determined by the network device according to the measured received power of the low-power device group 1, and the power control process identifier has an association relationship with the low-power device group 1. The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the measured received power of the low-power device group 1. The measured received power of the low-power device group 1 is obtained by the intermediate node measuring transmissions of low-power devices in the low-power device group 1, and is sent by the intermediate node to the network device. The network device sends the second information to the carrier-providing node to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power devices in the low-power device group 1 to enable them to transmit externally through backscattering.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the first power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, the network device determines the first power offset according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the first power offset according to a minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the first power offset according to the minimum power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0166] (2) In the case where the first information includes a second power offset:

[0167] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, which are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, the one or more low-power devices belonging to a same low-power device group, the same low-power device group including the first low-power device group.

[0168] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is the identifier corresponding to the first power control process. Wherein, the first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, that is, the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the low-power device group corresponding to the low-power device measured by the intermediate node.

[0169] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring transmissions of a plurality of low-power devices in the same low-power device group, and determines the second power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, and then sends it to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the network device is equal to the second power offset.

[0170] In some embodiments, the low-power device group corresponding to the second power offset used by the network device when determining the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset is the same as the low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node for adjusting the transmission power through the second information. The low-power device group corresponding to the second power offset is the low-power device group measured in the process of determining the second power offset. The low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the low-power device group in which the low-power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node are located.

[0171] For example, the second information sent by the network device comprises a power control process identifier and a first power offset. The power control process identifier is determined by the network device according to a second power offset, the second power offset is determined according to a measured received power of the low-power device group 1, and the power control process identifier has an association relationship with the low-power device group 1. The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset. The measured received power of the low-power device group 1 is obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device in the low-power device group 1 by the intermediate node, and the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the measured received power of the low-power device group 1. The second power offset is sent by the intermediate node to the network device. The network device sends the second information to the carrier-providing node to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device in the low-power device group 1 to enable the low-power device to transmit externally through backscattering.

[0172] It should be noted that, in the case where the first information comprises one or more measured received powers and a second power offset, in the process of determining the second information according to the first information, the network device can determine the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset according to the one or more measured received powers; or determine the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset according to the second power offset; or determine the power control process identifier according to the one or more measured received powers, and / or determine the first power offset according to the second power offset; or determine the first power offset according to the one or more measured received powers, and / or determine the power control process identifier according to the second power offset, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0173] For the case of the power control process association time window:

[0174] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0175] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information sent by the network device. In some embodiments, the indication of the start position of the first time window by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaced by that the start position of the first time window is determined according to the scheduling information sent by the network device. Optionally, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to the information carried by the scheduling information, which can be understood as explicitly indicating the start position of the first time window; or, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to the sending time and / or receiving time of the scheduling information, which can be understood as implicitly indicating the start position of the first time window. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device associating the power control process with the first time window is not limited by the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0176] (1) For the case that the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0177] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in the first time window, i.e., the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node measures a plurality of measured received powers by receiving the respective transmissions of a plurality of low-power devices in the first time window.

[0178] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is the identifier corresponding to the first power control process. Wherein, the first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the first time window in which the low-power device transmits when the intermediate node measures the low-power device. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0179] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the one or more measured received powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring the respective transmissions of low-power devices transmitting in the same first time window, and then sends them to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0180] In some embodiments, the measurement received power used by the network device in determining the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset corresponds to a first time window that is the same as a first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node that adjusts the transmission power based on the second information. The first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node is a first time window in which the low power consumption device that uses the carrier provided by the carrier providing node transmits externally.

[0181] For example, the second information transmitted by the network device includes the power control process identifier and the first power offset. The power control process identifier is determined by the network device based on the measurement received power of the low power consumption device that transmits externally in the time window 1, and the power control process identifier has a correlation relationship with the time window 1. The first power offset is determined by the network device based on the measurement received power of the low power consumption device that transmits externally in the time window 1. The measurement received power of the low power consumption device that transmits externally in the time window 1 is obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of the low power consumption device in the time window 1, and is transmitted to the network device by the intermediate node. The network device transmits the second information to the carrier providing node to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. The carrier providing node is used to provide the carrier to the low power consumption device that transmits externally in the time window 1, so that it transmits externally through backscattering.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the network device based on the maximum, minimum or average of the plurality of measurement received powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the first power offset based on the plurality of measurement received powers, the network device determines the first power offset based on the maximum, minimum or average of the plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the first power offset based on the minimum of the plurality of measurement received powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the first power offset based on the minimum power, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0183] (2) For the case where the first information includes the second power offset:

[0184] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on one or more measurement received powers, and the one or more measurement received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low power consumption devices, and the transmission of the one or more low power consumption devices is located in the first time window, that is, the transmission of the one or more low power consumption devices measured by the intermediate node is received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node measures a plurality of measurement received powers by receiving the respective transmissions of a plurality of low power consumption devices in the first time window.

[0185] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the second power offset measured by the intermediate node on the low-power device when determining the second power offset. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0186] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node measures the respective transmissions of a plurality of low-power devices that transmit externally in the first time window, thereby obtaining a plurality of measured received powers, and determines the second power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, and then sends it to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the network device is equal to the second power offset.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the second power offset used by the network device when determining the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset is the same as the first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information. The first time window corresponding to the second power offset is the first time window in which the low-power device is transmitting externally when the second power offset is measured. The first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the first time window in which the low-power device that uses the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node transmits externally.

[0188] For example, the second information sent by the network device includes a power control process identifier and a first power offset. The power control process identifier is determined by the network device according to the second power offset, the second power offset is determined according to the measured received power corresponding to the low-power device that transmits externally in time window 1, and the power control process identifier has an association relationship with time window 1. The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset. The measured received power corresponding to the low-power device that transmits externally in time window 1 is obtained by the intermediate node measuring the transmission of the low-power device in time window 1, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the measured received power corresponding to the low-power device that transmits externally in time window 1, and the second power offset is sent by the intermediate node to the network device. The network device sends the second information to the carrier-providing node to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device that transmits externally in time window 1, so that it transmits externally through backscattering.

[0189] It should be noted that, in the case that the first information comprises one or more measured received powers and the second power offset, in the process of determining the second information according to the first information, the network device can determine the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset according to the one or more measured received powers, or determine the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset according to the second power offset, or determine the power control process identifier according to the one or more measured received powers and / or determine the first power offset according to the second power offset, or determine the first power offset according to the one or more measured received powers and / or determine the power control process identifier according to the second power offset, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation in this regard.

[0190] In conclusion, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can make the network device send the second information according to the first information by sending the first information to the network device by the intermediate node, so as to realize power control of the carrier providing node by the second information, thereby realizing flexible control of the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power-consumption device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power-consumption device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power-consumption devices can be reduced.

[0191] The method provided in the embodiment further controls the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier and / or the first power offset, and can indicate different transmission powers to the carrier providing node through different first identifiers and first power offsets or a combination of different first identifiers and first power offsets, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. The method can indicate the transmission power corresponding to different power control processes through different power control process identifiers by maintaining the power control process and identifying through the power control process identifier. The method can control the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power consumption device groups through different power control processes by associating the power control process with the low-power consumption device group. The method can accurately control the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power consumption device group on demand according to the first power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power consumption device group. The method can control the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power consumption device transmitting in different time domain positions through different power control processes by associating the power control process with the first time window. The method can accurately control the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power consumption device transmitting in the first time window on demand according to the first power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power consumption device in the first time window. In addition, when the network device performs power control according to the received power of the plurality of low-power consumption devices, the network device needs to ensure the coverage distance while reducing the interference. The method can ensure that the network device can correctly receive the subsequent transmission of the low-power consumption device corresponding to the minimum measured received power after power control by determining the first power offset according to the minimum value of the plurality of measured received powers. In addition, the method can control the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power consumption device according to the transmission of the low-power consumption device when the network device cannot directly communicate with the low-power consumption device by measuring the measured received power of the low-power consumption device by the intermediate node and sending the measured received power to the network device. The method can reduce the overhead of the network device in determining the second information by measuring the measured received power of the low-power consumption device by the intermediate node to determine the second power offset and sending the second power offset to the network device.

[0192] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a power control method provided in an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by an intermediate node. The method comprises:

[0193] Step 1202: sending the first information.

[0194] The intermediate node is configured to enable bidirectional communication between the network device and the low-power device. The intermediate node is located between the network device and the low-power device, and has a communication connection with the network device and the low-power device respectively. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the network device and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the intermediate node comprises at least one of a relay, an IAB node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is a terminal under network control.

[0195] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an A-IoT device, a passive IoT device.

[0196] The first information is used by the network device to determine the second information, and the second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier-providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering by the low-power device to achieve external transmission. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0197] The carrier-providing node comprises any node supporting the provision of a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier-providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node is implemented as a terminal-type node.

[0198] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices. The intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmission of the one or more low-power devices. The intermediate node obtains one measured received power for each low-power device whose transmission is measured.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measured received power determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measured received powers obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the low power consumption device.

[0200] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case that the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a plurality of measured received powers, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It is to be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the second power offset based on the minimum power, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the intermediate node.

[0201] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is for transmitting at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is transmitted by backscattering, for example, the transmission of the low power consumption device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0202] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of PUCCH and PUSCH.

[0203] For case 1 that the first information comprises one or more measured received powers:

[0204] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low power consumption devices, and the one or more low power consumption devices belong to a same low power consumption device group, and the same low power consumption device group comprises the first low power consumption device group.

[0205] In some embodiments, the low power consumption device group corresponding to the carrier providing node for adjusting the transmission power based on the second information is the first low power consumption device group. The low power consumption device group corresponding to the carrier providing node is a low power consumption device group in which low power consumption devices using a carrier provided by the carrier providing node are located.

[0206] For case 1 that the first information comprises a second power offset:

[0207] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on one or more measured received powers, and the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low power consumption devices, and the one or more low power consumption devices belong to a same low power consumption device group, and the same low power consumption device group comprises the first low power consumption device group.

[0208] In some embodiments, the low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node, whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information, is the first low-power device group. The low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the low-power device group in which the low-power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node are located.

[0209] For case 2 where the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0210] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, wherein the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in the first time window, i.e., the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving transmissions of the one or more low-power devices in the first time window.

[0211] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information transmitted by the network device. In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window indicated by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaceable by that the start position of the first time window is determined according to the scheduling information transmitted by the network device. Alternatively, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to information carried by the scheduling information, or determines the start position of the first time window according to the transmission time and / or the reception time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0212] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node, whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information, is the first time window in which the low-power devices are measured by the intermediate node. The first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the first time window in which the low-power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node perform external transmission.

[0213] For case 2 where the first information includes a second power offset:

[0214] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the one or more measured received powers, wherein the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, wherein the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in the first time window, i.e., the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving transmissions of the one or more low-power devices in the first time window.

[0215] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information sent by the network device. In some embodiments, indicating the start position of the first time window by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaceable by determining the start position of the first time window according to the scheduling information sent by the network device. Optionally, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to the information carried by the scheduling information, or determines the start position of the first time window according to the sending time and / or receiving time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0216] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node for adjusting the sending power is measured by the intermediate node for the first time window used by the low-power device. The first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node is the first time window in which the low-power device using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node performs external transmission.

[0217] In summary, the method provided by the present embodiment can make the network device determine the second information according to the first information by sending the first information by the intermediate node to the network device, so as to achieve power control of the carrier providing node by the second information, thereby achieving flexible control of the sending power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the sending power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between low-power devices can be reduced.

[0218] The method provided by the present embodiment can also control the sending power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device according to the transmission of the low-power device by measuring the measurement receiving power of the low-power device by the intermediate node and sending it to the network device, in the case that the network device cannot directly communicate with the low-power device. By measuring the measurement receiving power of the low-power device by the intermediate node to determine the second power offset and sending it to the network device, the overhead of the network device in determining the second information can be reduced.

[0219] FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a power control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a carrier providing node. The method comprises:

[0220] Step 1302: receiving the second information sent by the network device.

[0221] The second information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, and the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the second information. The carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The second information is used for controlling the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0222] The carrier providing node includes any node supporting providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0223] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device driven by using environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaced by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, or a passive Internet of Things device.

[0224] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following information: the first identifier; and the first power offset.

[0225] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used for determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association between the first identifier and the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used for determining the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaced by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first identifier includes a power control process identifier, and the power control process identifier is used for identifying a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Through different power control processes (different power control process IDs), different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first power offset is used for adjusting the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0227] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process identified by the first identity, determines an initial transmission power according to the power control process, and determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the initial transmission power. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process identified by the first identity, determines a transmission power used by the carrier-providing node before the power control process, e.g., a transmission power used by the carrier-providing node when the power control process was last performed, and determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the transmission power.

[0228] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identity and the first power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process identified by the first identity, determines an initial transmission power according to the power control process, and adjusts the initial transmission power according to the first power offset to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0229] For example, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the second information by maintaining multiple power control processes, and the different power control processes are independent of each other. The carrier-providing node first determines a power control process to be processed according to the power control process identity in the received second information. If the second information further includes a first power offset, the carrier-providing node can further determine its transmission power according to the first power offset in the second information.

[0230] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identity, i.e., a power control process corresponds to a power control process identity. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes is determined by a network device or predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes depends on the maximum number of power control processes predefined by a communication protocol.

[0231] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of a PDCCH and a PDSCH.

[0232] Step 1304: determining the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the second information.

[0233] For the case where the second information includes a first identity and a first power offset:

[0234] In a case that the second information comprises the first identifier and the first power offset, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to a minimum value of a first parameter and a second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first identifier and the first power offset in the second information, and the second parameter is a maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0235] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter comprises a sum of an initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the carrier providing node according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier in the second information, and the offset parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset in the second information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by a network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0236] For example, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0237] wherein, denotes the first parameter described above. i is determined according to a power control process identifier in the second information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identifier. It should be noted that the power control process identifier in the second information received by the carrier providing node at different times can be different. For example, the power control process identifier in the second information received by the carrier providing node at time t1 is 1, and the power control process identifier in the second information received by the carrier providing node at time t2 is 2. In this case, after the carrier providing node receives the second information at time t2, the carrier providing node will switch from the power control process 1 to the power control process 2, i.e., the power control process 2 is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0238] In the above formula, denotes the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i. It should be noted that the initial transmission power and the power control process (power control process identifier) are one-to-one corresponding. For example, the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 1 is and the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process 2 is Optionally, the initial transmission powers corresponding to the different power control processes are the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to the different power control processes are different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices within different coverage distances, i.e., the node providing the carrier corresponding to the low-power devices within different coverage distances can use different power control processes for power control. For example, the power control process corresponding to a larger initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a farther distance; the power control process corresponding to a smaller initial transmission power can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices at a closer distance.

[0239] In the above formula, P CMAX The second parameter indicates the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. It should be noted that the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0240] In the above formula, offset indicates the offset parameter, which is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset in the second information.

[0241] The first way to determine the offset parameter is as follows:

[0242] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the first power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the carrier providing node does not need to refer to the transmission power determined by the last power control to determine the transmission power of the current power control. The carrier providing node directly calculates the transmission power according to the first power offset in the second information received by the current power control through the above formula. Exemplarily, the first power offset is 0, and the transmission power P calculated by the carrier providing node according to the above formula is equal to the initial transmission power corresponding to the determined power control process.

[0243] The second way to determine the offset parameter is as follows:

[0244] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the sum of the first power offset in the second information and the power offset used in the previous power adjustment (power control). The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. In this case, when the carrier-providing node receives the second information to determine the transmission power, the transmission power of the current power adjustment needs to be determined according to the transmission power determined by the previous power adjustment. The offset in the above formula is determined according to two information, the first information is the first power offset in the second information, and the second information is the power offset used by the carrier-providing node in the previous power adjustment of the same power control process. The offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After determining the offset, the carrier-providing node can calculate its transmission power according to the above formula.

[0245] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset parameter, since the carrier-providing node can switch the power control process according to the second information received at different times, the adjacent two power adjustments in the time domain may be for different power control processes, and therefore the above second information must be the power offset used in the previous power adjustment of the same power control process. The power control process is determined according to the power control process identifier in the above second information.

[0246] For the case where the second information includes the first identifier:

[0247] In the case where the second information includes the first identifier, i.e., the first power offset is missing in the second information received by the carrier-providing node, the carrier-providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node according to the first identifier in the second information. In this case, the role of the second information is to instruct the carrier-providing node to switch the power control process.

[0248] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the initial transmission power, which is determined according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information sent by the network device or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0249] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the transmission power used in the previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier) in the second information.

[0250] To sum up, the method provided in the embodiment can realize power control of the carrier providing node by the second information, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices is reduced.

[0251] The method provided in the embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node by the first identifier and / or the first power offset, so as to realize indication of different transmission powers to the carrier providing node by different first identifiers and first power offsets, or a combination of different first identifiers and first power offsets, and flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node. By determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the minimum value of the first parameter and the second parameter, it can be avoided that the determined transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. By making the offset parameter equal to the first power offset, it can be avoided that the carrier providing node stores the information of previous power adjustment, and the storage cost is reduced. By determining the offset parameter according to the previous power control result, the information amount of the first power offset in the second information can be reduced, and the signaling cost is reduced. By corresponding different initial transmission powers, the power control process can support the network device to use different power control processes to perform power control on the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power devices within different coverage distances.

[0252] The application sends the first information to the network device through the intermediate node, so that the network device sends the second information according to the first information, and realizes power control of the carrier providing node. The network device and the carrier providing node can flexibly perform power control on different low-power devices within different coverage distances by maintaining the power control process. By power control of the carrier providing node and the low-power devices, the transmission interference between the low-power devices and the interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the transmission of the low-power devices can be effectively reduced. The information carried by the second information sent by the network device includes the following two cases:

[0253] The first case: the second information includes the first identifier and the first power offset;

[0254] The second case: the second information includes the first identifier.

[0255] For the above first case:

[0256] FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a power control method provided in an example embodiment of the application. The method can be used in the system shown in FIG. 9. The method includes:

[0257] Step 1402: The intermediate node sends the first information to the network device.

[0258] The intermediate node is configured to implement bidirectional communication between the network device and the low-power device. The intermediate node is located between the network device and the low-power device, and has a communication connection with the network device and the low-power device respectively. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the network device and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the intermediate node comprises at least one of a relay, an IAB node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is a terminal under network control.

[0259] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an A-IoT device, or a passive IoT device.

[0260] The first information is used by the network device to determine the second information, and the second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier-providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering by the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0261] The carrier-providing node comprises any node supporting the provision of a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier-providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node is implemented as a terminal-type node.

[0262] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following information: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices. The intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmission of the one or more low-power devices. The intermediate node can obtain one measured received power for each low-power device whose transmission is measured.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measurement received power determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measurement received powers obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the low power consumption device.

[0264] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measurement received powers. That is, in the case that the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a plurality of measurement received powers, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a minimum of the plurality of measurement received powers.

[0265] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is for transmitting at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is transmitted by backscattering, e.g., the transmission of the low power consumption device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0266] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a PUCCH and a PUSCH.

[0267] Step 1404: The network device sends second information to the carrier providing node, the second information comprising the first identity and the first power offset.

[0268] The first identity is associated with an initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine a transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association between the first identity and the initial transmission power comprises a mapping relationship between different first identities and different initial transmission powers, and one first identity uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identity is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identity is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identity.

[0269] In some embodiments, the first identity comprises a power control process identity, and the power control process identity is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identities (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identity, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0270] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmit power according to the first identity and the first power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process according to the power control process identity, determines an initial transmit power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmit power by the first power offset to obtain the transmit power of the carrier-providing node.

[0271] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0272] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identity, i.e., a power control process corresponds to a power control process identity uniquely.

[0273] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the maximum number.

[0274] For the case that a power control process is associated with a low-power device group:

[0275] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power device group, different power control processes are associated with different low-power device groups, and each low-power device group includes multiple low-power devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power device group identity (low-power device group ID). The low-power devices in the low-power device group corresponding to the low-power device group identity are associated with the low-power device group identity. A power control process is associated with a low-power device group, including that the power control process is used to implement transmit power control on a carrier-providing node that provides a carrier to the low-power device group. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device associating the power control process with the low-power device group is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0276] (1) For the case that the first information includes one or more measured receive powers:

[0277] The one or more measured receive powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to the same low-power device group, which includes the first low-power device group.

[0278] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the low-power device group corresponding to the low-power device measured by the intermediate node.

[0279] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to one or more measured receiving powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node measures the transmission of each low-power device in the same low-power device group to obtain a plurality of measured receiving powers, and then sends the plurality of measured receiving powers to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the plurality of measured receiving powers.

[0280] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the network device according to the maximum value, the minimum value, or the average value of the plurality of measured receiving powers. That is, in the case where the network device determines the first power offset according to the plurality of measured receiving powers, the network device determines the first power offset according to the maximum value, the minimum value, or the average value of the plurality of measured receiving powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the first power offset according to the minimum value of the plurality of measured receiving powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the first power offset according to the minimum value of the power, the embodiments of the present application do not limit it, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0281] (2) For the case where the first information includes a second power offset:

[0282] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured receiving powers, and the one or more measured receiving powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to the same low-power device group, and the same low-power device group includes the first low-power device group.

[0283] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the low-power device group corresponding to the low-power device measured by the intermediate node.

[0284] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node measures the transmission of each low-power device in the same low-power device group to obtain a plurality of measured received powers, and determines the second power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, and then sends the second power offset to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the network device is equal to the second power offset.

[0285] For example, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a power control process through the second information according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, two rounds of inventory are needed between the base station 1501 and the A-IoT device group 1503 in the process of determining the second information. In the first round of inventory corresponding to the A-IoT device group 1503, the intermediate node 1502 receives the transmission sent by the plurality of A-IoT devices in the A-IoT device group 1503, and measures a plurality of measured received powers. The intermediate node 1502 sends the first information to the base station 1501 to report the plurality of measured received powers. Before the second round of inventory of the base station 1501, the base station 1501 determines the second information according to the received first information, and sends the second information to the CWN. After receiving the second information, the CWN can further determine the transmission power of the CWN in the second round of inventory according to the second information. Similarly, when the base station 1501 inventories the A-IoT device group 1504, the CWN can also be adjusted in power through the power control process of the A-IoT device group 1504 in the same way.

[0286] For the case that the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0287] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0288] In some embodiments, the starting position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information sent by the network device. In some embodiments, indicating the starting position of the first time window by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaceable by determining the starting position of the first time window according to the scheduling information sent by the network device. Alternatively, the intermediate node determines the starting position of the first time window according to the information carried by the scheduling information, or determines the starting position of the first time window according to the sending time and / or receiving time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation manner of the network device associating the power control process with the first time window, which can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0289] (1) for the case that the first information comprises one or more measured received powers:

[0290] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the one or more low-power devices, the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices being within the first time window, i.e. the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node within the first time window. For example, the intermediate node obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving transmissions of the low-power devices within the first time window.

[0291] In this case, the power control process identity in the second information is an identity corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e. the power control process identity in the second information is determined by the network device according to the first time window in which the low-power device is measured by the intermediate node. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measuring (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identity in the second information.

[0292] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the one or more measured received powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring transmissions of the low-power devices within the same first time window, and then sends the plurality of measured received powers to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0293] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case that the network device determines the first power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, the network device determines the first power offset according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the network device determines the first power offset according to a minimum value of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the first power offset according to the minimum value of the power, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0294] (2) for the case that the first information comprises a second power offset:

[0295] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, which are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low power devices are within the first time window, i.e., the transmissions of the one or more low power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node within the first time window. For example, the intermediate node measures a plurality of measured received powers by receiving respective transmissions of a plurality of low power devices within the first time window.

[0296] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the first time window in which the low power device transmits when the intermediate node measures the low power device. The first time window used by the intermediate node to measure (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0297] The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring respective transmissions of a plurality of low power devices transmitting outside within the first time window, and determines the second power offset according to the plurality of measured received powers, and then sends it to the network device. The network device determines the first power offset in the second information according to the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the network device is equal to the second power offset.

[0298] For example, FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a process of power control by the second information according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16, the intermediate node 1603 determines the first information according to one or more measured received powers obtained by measuring the low power device within the first time window, and sends the first information to the base station 1601. The base station 1601 determines the second information according to the received first information, and sends the second information to the CWN 1602 to control the power of the CWN 1602.

[0299] Step 1406: The carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the second information.

[0300] In the case where the second information includes the first identifier and the first power offset, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the minimum of the first parameter and the second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first identifier and the first power offset in the second information, and the second parameter is the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node.

[0301] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter comprises a sum of an initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the carrier providing node according to a power control process corresponding to the first identification in the second information, and the offset parameter is determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset in the second information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by the network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0302] For example, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0303] wherein, The first parameter is denoted as P(i). i is determined according to the power control process identification in the second information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identification. It should be noted that the power control process identification in the second information received by the carrier providing node at different times can be different.

[0304] In the above formula, P(i) is determined according to the following formula: The initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i is denoted as P(i). It should be noted that the initial transmission power is in one-to-one correspondence with the power control process (power control process identification). Alternatively, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices within different coverage distances, i.e., the carrier providing nodes corresponding to low-power devices within different coverage distances can use different power control processes for power control.

[0305] In the above formula, P is denoted as Pmax. CMAX The second parameter is denoted as Pmax, which is the maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node. It should be noted that the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0306] In the above formula, offset is an offset parameter determined by the carrier providing node according to the first power offset in the second information.

[0307] The first way to determine the offset parameter is:

[0308] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the first power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the carrier-providing node does not need to refer to the transmission power determined in the last power control, but directly calculates the transmission power according to the first power offset in the second information.

[0309] The second way of determining the offset parameter is:

[0310] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the carrier-providing node is equal to the sum of the first power offset in the second information and the power offset used in the last power adjustment (power control). The power control process corresponding to the last power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. In this case, when the carrier-providing node receives the second information to determine the transmission power, it needs to determine the transmission power according to the transmission power determined in the last power adjustment. In the above formula, offset is determined according to two information, the first information is the first power offset in the second information, and the second information is the power offset used by the carrier-providing node in the last power adjustment of the same power control process. The offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After determining the offset, the carrier-providing node can calculate its transmission power according to the above formula.

[0311] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset parameter, the carrier-providing node can switch the power control process according to the second information received at different times, and the adjacent two power adjustments in the time domain may be for different power control processes. Therefore, the above second information must be the power offset used in the last power adjustment of the same power control process, and the power control process is determined according to the power control process identifier in the above second information.

[0312] For example, FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a process of determining the transmission power according to the second information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 17, the CWN 1701 receives the second information from the base station 1702 at t1, t2, and t3. The power control process IDs in the second information received three times are used to identify power control process 1, power control process 2, and power control process 1, respectively. When the CWN 1701 performs power adjustment at t3, the offset in the above formula needs to be determined according to the power offset determined when performing power adjustment at t1, and cannot be determined according to the power offset determined when performing power adjustment at t2.

[0313] To sum up, the method provided in the embodiment can send the first information to the network device through the intermediate node, so that the network device sends the second information according to the first information, and the power of the carrier providing node can be controlled through the second information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices is reduced.

[0314] The method provided in the embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier and the first power offset, so that different transmission powers of the carrier providing node can be indicated through different combinations of the first identifier and the first power offset, and the transmission power of the carrier providing node can be flexibly controlled. By maintaining the power control process and identifying through the power control process identifier, the transmission power corresponding to different power control processes can be indicated through different power control process identifiers. By associating the power control process with the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power device groups can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the first power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device group, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device group can be accurately controlled on demand. By associating the power control process with the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting outside in different time domain positions can be controlled through different power control processes. According to the first power offset obtained by measuring the transmission of the low-power device in the first time window, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device transmitting in the first time window can be accurately controlled on demand. In addition, when the network device controls the power according to the received power of the multiple low-power devices, the coverage distance needs to be ensured while reducing the interference. By determining the first power offset according to the minimum value of the multiple measured received powers, it can be ensured that the network device cannot correctly receive the subsequent transmission of the low-power device corresponding to the minimum measured received power after power control. In addition, by measuring the measured received power of the low-power device through the intermediate node and sending it to the network device, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power device can be controlled according to the transmission of the low-power device when the network device cannot directly communicate with the low-power device. By measuring the measured received power of the low-power device through the intermediate node to determine the second power offset and sending it to the network device, the overhead of the network device in determining the second information can be reduced.

[0315] For the above-mentioned second case:

[0316] FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a power control method according to an example embodiment of the present application. The method can be used in the system of FIG. 9. The method includes the following steps.

[0317] Step 1802: The intermediate node sends the first information to the network device.

[0318] The intermediate node is configured to enable bidirectional communication between the network device and the low-power device. The intermediate node is located between the network device and the low-power device, and has a communication connection with the network device and the low-power device, respectively. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the network device and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the intermediate node comprises at least one of a relay, an IAB node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is a terminal under network control.

[0319] In some embodiments, the low-power device comprises a device driven by environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an A-IoT device, or a passive IoT device.

[0320] The first information is used by the network device to determine the second information, which is used to control the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. The carrier-providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier-providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering by the low-power device to achieve external transmission. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0321] The carrier-providing node comprises any node that supports providing a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier-providing node has a communication connection with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node is implemented as a terminal-type node.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices. The intermediate node measures the transmission of one or more low-power devices to obtain one or more measured received powers. The intermediate node can obtain one measured received power for each low-power device whose transmission is measured.

[0323] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measurement received power determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measurement received powers obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the low power consumption device.

[0324] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measurement received powers. That is, in the case that the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a plurality of measurement received powers, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on a minimum of the plurality of measurement received powers.

[0325] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is for transmitting at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power consumption device is transmitted by means of backscattering, e.g., the transmission of the low power consumption device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by means of backscattering.

[0326] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a PUCCH and a PUSCH.

[0327] Step 1804: The network device sends second information to the carrier providing node, the second information comprising the first identity.

[0328] The first identity is associated with an initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine a transmission power of the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the association between the first identity and the initial transmission power comprises a mapping relationship between different first identities and different initial transmission powers, and one first identity uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identity is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identity is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identity.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first identity comprises a power control process identity, and the power control process identity is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the carrier providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identities (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by a communication protocol.

[0330] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first indication. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process identified according to the power control process indication, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process identified, and thus determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. For example, the carrier-providing node determines a power control process identified according to the power control process indication, determines the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node before the power control process, e.g., the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node when the last power control / power adjustment is performed in the power control process, and determines the transmission power as the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0331] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0332] In some embodiments, the network device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the network device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process indication, i.e., a power control process is uniquely corresponding to a power control process indication.

[0333] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the network device is selected by the network device within the range of the maximum number.

[0334] In the case that a power control process is associated with a low-power-consumption device group:

[0335] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power-consumption device group, different power control processes are associated with different low-power-consumption device groups, and each low-power-consumption device group includes multiple low-power-consumption devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a low-power-consumption device group identifier (low-power-consumption device group ID). The low-power-consumption devices in the low-power-consumption device group corresponding to the low-power-consumption device group identifier are associated with the low-power-consumption device group identifier. A power control process is associated with a low-power-consumption device group, including that the power control process is used to implement the transmission power control on the carrier-providing node providing carriers to the low-power-consumption device group. It should be noted that the implementation of the network device to associate the power control process with the low-power-consumption device group is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, e.g., it can depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0336] (1) In the case that the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0337] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, the one or more low-power devices belonging to a same low-power device group, the same low-power device group including the first low-power device group.

[0338] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to a low-power device group corresponding to a low-power device measured by the intermediate node.

[0339] (2) For a case where the first information includes a second power offset:

[0340] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the one or more measured received powers, the one or more measured received powers being obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, the one or more low-power devices belonging to a same low-power device group, the same low-power device group including the first low-power device group.

[0341] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first low-power device group, i.e., the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to a low-power device group corresponding to a low-power device measured by the intermediate node.

[0342] For a case where the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0343] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0344] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by scheduling information sent by the network device. In some embodiments, indicating the start position of the first time window by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaced by that the start position of the first time window is determined according to the scheduling information sent by the network device. Alternatively, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to information carried by the scheduling information, or determines the start position of the first time window according to the sending time and / or receiving time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation manner of the network device associating the power control process with the first time window, which may, for example, depend on the implementation of the network device.

[0345] (1) For a case where the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0346] The one or more measurement received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the one or more low power devices, the transmissions of the one or more low power devices being located in the first time window, i.e. the transmissions of the one or more low power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node obtains the one or more measurement received powers by receiving respective transmissions of the plurality of low power devices in the first time window.

[0347] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e. the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the first time window in which the low power device is measured by the intermediate node. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measurement received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0348] (2) In the case where the first information includes the second power offset:

[0349] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the one or more measurement received powers, the one or more measurement received powers being obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the one or more low power devices, the transmissions of the one or more low power devices being located in the first time window, i.e. the transmissions of the one or more low power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node obtains the one or more measurement received powers by receiving respective transmissions of the plurality of low power devices in the first time window.

[0350] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e. the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the network device according to the first time window in which the low power device is measured by the intermediate node. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measurement received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0351] Step 1806: The carrier providing node determines the transmission power according to the first information.

[0352] In the case where the second information includes the first identifier, i.e. the first power offset is missing in the second information received by the carrier providing node, the carrier providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first identifier in the second information. In this case, the second information is used by the network device to instruct the carrier providing node to switch the power control process.

[0353] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information transmitted by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol.

[0354] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the carrier providing node is equal to the transmission power used in the previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier) in the second information.

[0355] In summary, the method provided by the present embodiment can realize power control of the carrier providing node through the second information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between the low-power devices can be reduced.

[0356] The method provided by the present embodiment can also control the transmission power of the carrier providing node through the first identifier, thereby realizing indication of different transmission powers to the carrier providing node through different first identifiers, and flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node. By maintaining the power control processes and identifying the power control processes through the power control process identifiers, different transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes can be indicated through different power control process identifiers. By associating the power control processes with the low-power device groups, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to different low-power device groups can be controlled through different power control processes. By associating the power control processes with the first time windows, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power devices transmitting outside in different time domain positions can be controlled through different power control processes. In addition, by measuring the measurement reception power of the low-power devices by the intermediate node and transmitting the measurement reception power to the network device, the transmission power of the carrier providing node corresponding to the low-power devices can be controlled according to the transmission situation of the low-power devices in the case that the network device cannot directly communicate with the low-power devices.

[0357] It should be noted that the sequence of the steps of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be adjusted appropriately, the steps can be increased or decreased as appropriate, and the steps can be freely combined to form new embodiments. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application, and therefore will not be described again. In addition, the sequence of the above different situations does not have a preferred meaning, but is only for convenience of description.

[0358] FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a power control apparatus provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented into a network device or a part of a network device by software or hardware or a combination of both. The apparatus includes a receiving module 1901 and a sending module 1902.

[0359] The receiving module 1901 is configured to receive first information sent by an intermediate node. The sending module 1902 is configured to send second information.

[0360] The intermediate node is configured to implement bidirectional communication between the apparatus and a low-power device. The intermediate node is located between the apparatus and the low-power device, and establishes a communication connection with the apparatus and the low-power device respectively. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the apparatus and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the intermediate node includes at least one of a relay, an IAB node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the intermediate node is a terminal under network control.

[0361] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device driven by environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power IoT device, an A-IoT device, a passive IoT device.

[0362] The first information is used by the apparatus to determine the second information, and the second information is used to control the transmission power of a carrier providing node. The carrier providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering by the low-power device to realize external transmission. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering.

[0363] The carrier providing node comprises any node supporting providing a carrier to the low power devices, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection established with the apparatus. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0364] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by receiving the transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The intermediate node obtains one measured received power for each low power device whose transmission is measured.

[0365] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measured received power, which is determined by the intermediate node according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measured received powers obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of the low power devices.

[0366] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to the plurality of measured received powers, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to a minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the second power offset according to the minimum power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the intermediate node.

[0367] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following: control information; data; and a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, for example, the transmission of the low power device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0368] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a PUCCH and a PUSCH.

[0369] In some embodiments, the second information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier; and a first power offset.

[0370] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the association of the first identifier with the initial transmission power includes a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0371] In some embodiments, the first identifier includes a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different power control processes (different power control process IDs) can be used to indicate different initial transmission powers to the carrier-providing node. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) is determined according to configuration information transmitted by the device or is predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0372] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identifier. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus obtains the transmission power of the carrier-providing node. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the transmission power of the carrier-providing node by determining the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node before the power control process according to the power control process identifier, such as the transmission power used by the carrier-providing node when the last power control / power adjustment is performed in the power control process.

[0373] In some embodiments, the carrier-providing node determines its transmission power according to the first identifier and the first power offset. For example, the carrier-providing node determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the first power offset, so as to obtain the transmission power of the carrier-providing node.

[0374] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0375] In some embodiments, the device maintains one or more power control processes. For example, the device maintains multiple power control processes. Each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, that is, the power control process uniquely corresponds to the power control process identifier.

[0376] In some embodiments, the maximum number of power control processes maintained by the apparatus is determined by the apparatus or predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes actually maintained by the apparatus is selected by the apparatus within the range of the maximum number.

[0377] In the case that a power control process is associated with a group of low power devices:

[0378] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a group of low power devices, different power control processes are associated with different groups of low power devices, and each group of low power devices includes a plurality of low power devices. In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a group of low power device identifier (group of low power device ID). The low power devices in the group of low power devices corresponding to the group of low power device identifier are associated with the group of low power device identifier. The power control process is associated with the group of low power devices, including that the power control process is used to implement the transmission power control for the carrier providing node providing the carrier to the group of low power devices. It should be noted that the implementation of the apparatus associating the power control process with the group of low power devices is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0379] (1) In the case that the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0380] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmissions of one or more low power devices, and the one or more low power devices belong to the same group of low power devices, and the same group of low power devices includes the first group of low power devices.

[0381] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is the identifier corresponding to the first power control process. Wherein, the first power control process is associated with the first group of low power devices, i.e. the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the apparatus according to the group of low power devices corresponding to the low power devices measured by the intermediate node.

[0382] The first power offset is determined by the apparatus according to the one or more measured received powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measured received powers by measuring the respective transmissions of a plurality of low power devices in the same group of low power devices, and then sends them to the apparatus. The apparatus determines the first power offset in the second information according to the plurality of measured received powers.

[0383] In some embodiments, the measurement received power used by the apparatus in determining the power control process identity and / or the first power offset corresponds to the same group of low power devices as the group of low power devices corresponding to the carrier providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information. The group of low power devices corresponding to the carrier providing node is the group of low power devices in which the low power devices use the carrier provided by the carrier providing node.

[0384] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measurement received powers. That is, in the case where the apparatus determines the first power offset based on the plurality of measurement received powers, the apparatus determines the first power offset based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the apparatus determines the first power offset based on a minimum of the plurality of measurement received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the first power offset based on the minimum power, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0385] (2) In the case where the first information includes a second power offset:

[0386] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node based on one or more measurement received powers, the one or more measurement received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices, the one or more low power devices belong to the same group of low power devices, and the same group of low power devices includes the first group of low power devices.

[0387] In this case, the power control process identity in the second information is the identity corresponding to the first power control process. Wherein, the first power control process is associated with the first group of low power devices, that is, the power control process identity in the second information is determined by the apparatus based on the group of low power devices corresponding to the low power devices measured by the intermediate node.

[0388] The first power offset is determined by the apparatus based on the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node obtains a plurality of measurement received powers by measuring transmissions of a plurality of low power devices in the same group of low power devices, and determines the second power offset based on the plurality of measurement received powers, and then sends it to the apparatus. The apparatus determines the first power offset in the second information based on the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the apparatus is equal to the second power offset.

[0389] In some embodiments, the second power offset used by the apparatus in determining the power control process identity and / or the first power offset corresponds to the same group of low power devices as the group of low power devices corresponding to the carrier providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information. The group of low power devices corresponding to the second power offset is the group of low power devices measured in determining the second power offset. The group of low power devices corresponding to the carrier providing node is the group of low power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node.

[0390] For the case that the power control process is associated with a time window:

[0391] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a first time window, and the first time windows associated with different power control processes are the same or different.

[0392] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by scheduling information transmitted by the apparatus. In some embodiments, indicating the start position of the first time window by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaceable by determining the start position of the first time window according to the scheduling information transmitted by the apparatus. Alternatively, the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to information carried by the scheduling information, or the intermediate node determines the start position of the first time window according to the transmission time and / or reception time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation manner of the apparatus associating the power control process with the first time window, which may, for example, depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0393] (1) For the case that the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0394] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low power devices, i.e., the transmission of the one or more low power devices measured by the intermediate node is received by the intermediate node within the first time window. For example, the intermediate node measures a plurality of measured received powers by receiving the respective transmissions of a plurality of low power devices within the first time window.

[0395] In this case, the power control process identity in the second information is the identity corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, i.e., the power control process identity in the second information is determined by the apparatus according to the first time window in which the low power device is measured by the intermediate node. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measured received power) is associated with the power control process identity in the second information.

[0396] The first power offset is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measurement received powers in the first information. For example, the intermediate node measures transmissions of the low power devices respectively transmitting in the same first time window, and thus obtains a plurality of measurement received powers, and then sends the plurality of measurement received powers to the apparatus. The apparatus determines the first power offset in the second information according to the plurality of measurement received powers.

[0397] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the measurement received power used by the apparatus when determining the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset is the same as the first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node for adjusting the transmission power. The first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node is the first time window in which the low power device using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node transmits externally.

[0398] In some embodiments, the first power offset is determined by the apparatus according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measurement received powers. That is, in the case where the apparatus determines the first power offset according to the plurality of measurement received powers, the apparatus determines the first power offset according to a maximum value, a minimum value or an average value of the plurality of measurement received powers. In some embodiments, the apparatus determines the first power offset according to a minimum value of the plurality of measurement received powers. It should be noted that for the implementation of determining the first power offset according to the minimum value, the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation, for example, it can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0399] (2) In the case where the first information includes the second power offset:

[0400] The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measurement received powers, and the one or more measurement received powers are obtained by the intermediate node measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low power devices are in the first time window, that is, the transmissions of the one or more low power devices measured by the intermediate node are received by the intermediate node in the first time window. For example, the intermediate node receives transmissions of a plurality of low power devices respectively, and thus obtains a plurality of measurement received powers.

[0401] In this case, the power control process identifier in the second information is the identifier corresponding to the first power control process. The first power control process is associated with the first time window, that is, the power control process identifier in the second information is determined by the apparatus according to the first time window in which the low power device transmits when the intermediate node measures the low power device. The first time window used by the intermediate node for measurement (to obtain the measurement received power) is associated with the power control process identifier in the second information.

[0402] The first power offset is determined by the apparatus according to the second power offset in the first information. For example, the intermediate node determines the second power offset by measuring the respective transmission of the plurality of low-power devices in the first time window, and then sends the second power offset to the apparatus. The apparatus determines the first power offset in the second information according to the second power offset. In some embodiments, the first power offset determined by the apparatus is equal to the second power offset.

[0403] In some embodiments, the second power offset used by the apparatus when determining the power control process identifier and / or the first power offset corresponds to a first time window that is the same as a first time window corresponding to a carrier-providing node that adjusts the transmission power according to the second information. The first time window corresponding to the second power offset is a first time window in which the low-power device is transmitting when the second power offset is determined. The first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node is a first time window in which the low-power device is transmitting using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node.

[0404] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a receiving module 1901 that supports performing all of the receiving steps performed by the network device in the above-described various embodiments.

[0405] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of receiving modules 1901 that respectively support performing part of the receiving steps performed by the network device in the above-described various embodiments.

[0406] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different receiving modules 1901 are completely the same, partially the same, or completely different.

[0407] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a sending module 1902 that supports performing all of the sending steps performed by the network device in the above-described various embodiments.

[0408] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of sending modules 1902 that respectively support performing part of the sending steps performed by the network device in the above-described various embodiments.

[0409] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different sending modules 1902 are completely the same, partially the same, or completely different.

[0410] To sum up, the device provided in the embodiment can send the first information to the device through the intermediate node, so that the device sends the second information according to the first information, and the power of the carrier providing node can be controlled through the second information, so that the transmission power of the carrier providing node is flexibly controlled on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between low-power devices is reduced.

[0411] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a power control device provided in an example embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented as an intermediate node or a part of an intermediate node through software or hardware or a combination of both. The device includes a sending module 2001.

[0412] The sending module 2001 is configured to send the first information.

[0413] The device is configured to implement bidirectional communication between the network device and the low-power device. The device is located between the network device and the low-power device and establishes a communication connection with the network device and the low-power device, respectively. In some embodiments, the device is configured to relay signaling and / or data between the network device and the low-power device. In some embodiments, the device includes at least one of a relay, an IAB node, a terminal, and a repeater. In some embodiments, the device is a terminal under network control.

[0414] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device driven by environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and the like. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replaceable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, and a passive Internet of Things device.

[0415] The first information is used by the network device to determine the second information, and the second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier providing node, so that the carrier providing node can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission through backscattering. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node to the low-power device for backscattering when the carrier is provided to the low-power device.

[0416] The carrier providing node comprises any node supporting providing a carrier to a low power device, and the carrier providing node has a communication connection established with the network device. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node comprises a CWN. In some embodiments, the carrier providing node is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0417] In some embodiments, the first information comprises at least one of the following: one or more measured received powers; and a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the apparatus based on the one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the apparatus by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices. The apparatus obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmissions of the one or more low power devices. The apparatus obtains one measured received power for each low power device whose transmission is measured.

[0418] In some embodiments, the first information comprises one measured received power, which is determined by the apparatus based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the first information comprises all measured received powers obtained by the apparatus by measuring transmissions of the low power device.

[0419] In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers. That is, in the case where the second power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a plurality of measured received powers, the second power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a maximum, a minimum or an average of the plurality of measured received powers. In some embodiments, the second power offset is determined by the apparatus based on a minimum of the plurality of measured received powers. It should be noted that the present embodiments do not limit the implementation of determining the second power offset based on the minimum power, for example, which can depend on the implementation of the apparatus.

[0420] In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is used to transmit at least one of the following: control information; data; and a preamble. In some embodiments, the transmission of the low power device is transmitted by backscattering, for example, the transmission of the low power device comprises a signal or a channel transmitted by backscattering.

[0421] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in at least one of a PUCCH and a PUSCH.

[0422] For case 1 where the first information comprises one or more measured received powers:

[0423] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the apparatus by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices, and the one or more low power devices belong to a same low power device group, which comprises the first low power device group.

[0424] In some embodiments, the low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information is the first low-power device group. The low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the low-power device group in which the low-power device using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node is located.

[0425] For case 1 in which the first information includes the second power offset:

[0426] The second power offset is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measured received powers, and the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the apparatus by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to the same low-power device group, and the same low-power device group includes the first low-power device group.

[0427] In some embodiments, the low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information is the first low-power device group. The low-power device group corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the low-power device group in which the low-power device using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node is located.

[0428] For case 2 in which the first information includes one or more measured received powers:

[0429] The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the apparatus by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the transmission of the one or more low-power devices is located in the first time window, i.e., the transmission of the one or more low-power devices measured by the apparatus is received by the apparatus in the first time window. For example, the apparatus obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the transmission of each of the plurality of low-power devices in the first time window.

[0430] In some embodiments, the starting position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information sent by the network device. In some embodiments, the starting position of the first time window indicated by the scheduling information is equivalent to / replaceable by that the starting position of the first time window is determined according to the scheduling information sent by the network device. Alternatively, the apparatus determines the starting position of the first time window according to the information carried by the scheduling information, or determines the starting position of the first time window according to the sending time and / or receiving time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0431] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node whose transmission power is adjusted by the second information is the first time window in which the low-power device is measured by the apparatus. The first time window corresponding to the carrier-providing node is the first time window in which the low-power device using the carrier provided by the carrier-providing node performs external transmission.

[0432] For case 2 where the first information includes the second power offset:

[0433] The second power offset is determined by the apparatus according to one or more measured received powers, which are obtained by the apparatus by measuring one or more transmissions of the low power devices, and the one or more transmissions of the low power devices are within the first time window, i.e. the one or more transmissions of the low power devices measured by the apparatus are received by the apparatus within the first time window. For example, the apparatus obtains the one or more measured received powers by receiving the one or more transmissions of the low power devices within the first time window.

[0434] In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is indicated by the scheduling information transmitted by the network device. In some embodiments, the start position of the first time window is equivalent to / alternatively determined according to the scheduling information transmitted by the network device. Optionally, the apparatus determines the start position of the first time window according to the information carried by the scheduling information; or the apparatus determines the start position of the first time window according to the transmission time and / or the reception time of the scheduling information. In some embodiments, the length of the first time window is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0435] In some embodiments, the first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node for adjusting the transmission power is the first time window used by the apparatus to measure the low power devices. The first time window corresponding to the carrier providing node is the first time window in which the low power devices using the carrier provided by the carrier providing node perform external transmission.

[0436] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a sending module 2001, which supports performing all the sending related steps performed by the intermediate node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0437] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of sending modules 2001, which respectively support performing part of the sending related steps performed by the intermediate node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0438] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different sending modules 2001 are completely the same, or partially the same, or completely different.

[0439] To sum up, the device provided in this embodiment can send first information to a network device, so that the network device determines second information according to the first information, and power control can be performed on a carrier providing node by using the second information, thereby flexibly controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on low-power devices can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power devices can normally work according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and the transmission interference between low-power devices is reduced.

[0440] FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a power control device provided in an example embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented as a carrier providing node or a part of a carrier providing node by software or hardware or a combination of both. The device includes a receiving module 2101 and a determining module 2102.

[0441] The receiving module 2101 is configured to receive second information sent by a network device.

[0442] The second information is used to control the transmission power of the device, and the device can determine its transmission power according to the second information. The device is configured to provide a carrier for a low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device, and the low-power device realizes external transmission by backscattering. The second information is used to control the transmission power of the carrier provided by the device for backscattering of the low-power device.

[0443] The device includes any node that supports providing a carrier for a low-power device, and the device has a communication connection with a network device. In some embodiments, the device includes a CWN. In some embodiments, the device is implemented as a terminal type node.

[0444] In some embodiments, the low-power device includes a device that uses environmental energy, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and the like. In some embodiments, the low-power device has no energy storage capability or has limited energy storage capability. In some embodiments, the low-power device is equivalent to / replacable by a zero-power device, a zero-power Internet of Things device, an environmental energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, or a passive Internet of Things (passive IoT) device.

[0445] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following information: a first identifier; a first power offset.

[0446] The first identifier is associated with the initial transmission power, and the initial transmission power is used to determine the transmission power of the apparatus. In some embodiments, the association between the first identifier and the initial transmission power comprises a mapping relationship between different first identifiers and different initial transmission powers, and one first identifier uniquely determines one corresponding initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is used to determine the initial transmission power. In some embodiments, the first identifier is equivalent to / replaceable by an initial transmission power identifier.

[0447] In some embodiments, the first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier is used to identify a power control process, and the power control process is associated with the initial transmission power. Different initial transmission powers can be indicated to the apparatus by different power control processes (different power control process IDs). In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different first identifiers (power control processes) are determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or are predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first power offset is used to adjust the initial transmission power indicated by the first identifier, so as to determine the transmission power of the apparatus.

[0448] In some embodiments, the apparatus determines its transmission power according to the first identifier. For example, the apparatus determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and thus obtains the transmission power of the apparatus. For example, the apparatus determines the transmission power of the apparatus as the transmission power used by the apparatus before the power control process according to the power control process identified by the power control process identifier, for example, the transmission power used by the apparatus when the last power control / power adjustment is performed in the power control process.

[0449] In some embodiments, the apparatus determines its transmission power according to the first identifier and the first power offset. For example, the apparatus determines the power control process identified by the power control process identifier according to the power control process identifier, determines the initial transmission power according to the power control process, and then adjusts the determined initial transmission power by the first power offset, so as to obtain the transmission power of the apparatus.

[0450] In some embodiments, each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier, that is, the power control process uniquely corresponds to the power control process identifier. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes is determined by the network device or is predefined by the communication protocol. In some embodiments, the number of power control processes depends on the maximum number of power control processes predefined by the communication protocol.

[0451] In some embodiments, the second information is carried in at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0452] The determining module 2102 is configured to determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to the second information.

[0453] For a case that the second information comprises the first identifier and the first power offset:

[0454] For a case that the second information comprises the first identifier and the first power offset, the determining module 2102 is configured to determine the transmission power of the device according to a minimum value of a first parameter and a second parameter. The first parameter is determined by the device according to the first identifier and the first power offset in the second information, and the second parameter is a maximum transmission power of the device.

[0455] In some embodiments, the maximum transmission power of the device is predefined by a communication protocol. In some embodiments, the first parameter comprises a sum of an initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined by the device according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier in the second information, and the offset parameter is determined by the device according to the first power offset in the second information. In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information transmitted by a network device, or is predefined by the communication protocol.

[0456] For example, the device determines the transmission power according to the following formula:

[0457] wherein, denotes the above-mentioned first parameter. i is determined according to a power control process identifier in the second information. In some embodiments, i is equal to the power control process identifier. It should be noted that the power control process identifier in the second information received by the device at different times can be different.

[0458] In the above formula, P denotes the initial transmission power corresponding to the power control process i. It should be noted that the initial transmission power is in one-to-one correspondence with the power control process (power control process identifier). Alternatively, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are the same or different. In some embodiments, the initial transmission powers corresponding to different power control processes are different. In this case, the power control processes corresponding to different initial transmission powers can be used to support the network device to inventory low-power devices within different coverage distances, i.e., for the devices corresponding to low-power devices within different coverage distances, different power control processes can be used for power control.

[0459] In the above formula, P CMAX denotes the second parameter, i.e., the maximum transmission power of the device. It should be noted that the transmission power determined by the device according to the first power offset cannot exceed the second parameter.

[0460] In the above formula, offset denotes the offset parameter, which is determined by the device according to the first power offset in the second information.

[0461] The first way of determining the offset parameter:

[0462] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the apparatus is equal to the first power offset. That is, when determining the transmission power, the apparatus does not need to refer to the transmission power determined in the last power control to determine the transmission power in the current power control. Instead, the apparatus directly calculates the transmission power according to the first power offset in the second information by using the above formula.

[0463] The second way of determining the offset parameter:

[0464] In some embodiments, the offset parameter determined by the apparatus is equal to the sum of the first power offset in the second information and the power offset used in the last power adjustment (power control). The last power adjustment corresponds to the same power control process as the power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier. In this case, when the apparatus receives the second information to determine the transmission power, the apparatus needs to determine the transmission power in the current power adjustment according to the transmission power determined in the last power adjustment. In the above formula, the offset is determined according to two information. The first information is the first power offset in the second information, and the second information is the power offset used in the last power adjustment in the same power control process. The offset in the above formula is the sum of the first information and the second information. After determining the offset, the apparatus can calculate the transmission power according to the above formula.

[0465] It should be noted that in the second way of determining the offset parameter, since the apparatus can switch the power control process according to the second information received at different times, the two adjacent power adjustments in the time domain can be for different power control processes. Therefore, the above second information must be the power offset used in the last power adjustment in the same power control process, and the power control process is determined according to the power control process identifier in the above second information.

[0466] For the case where the second information includes the first identifier:

[0467] In the case where the second information includes the first identifier, i.e., the default first power offset in the second information received by the apparatus, the determining module 2102 is configured to determine the transmission power of the apparatus according to the first identifier in the second information. In this case, the second information is used to indicate the apparatus to switch the power control process by the network device.

[0468] In some embodiments, the transmission power determined by the apparatus is equal to the initial transmission power determined according to the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier). In some embodiments, the initial transmission power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to the configuration information sent by the network device or predefined by the communication protocol.

[0469] In some embodiments, the determined transmission power of the apparatus is equal to the transmission power used in the previous power adjustment, wherein the previous power adjustment corresponds to the same power control process as the power control process corresponding to the first identifier (power control process identifier) in the second information.

[0470] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a receiving module 2101, which supports performing all the transmission-related steps performed by the carrier providing node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0471] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of receiving modules 2101, which respectively support performing part of the transmission-related steps performed by the carrier providing node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0472] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different receiving modules 2101 are exactly the same, or partially the same, or completely different.

[0473] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a determining module 2102, which supports performing all the transmission-related steps performed by the carrier providing node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0474] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of determining modules 2102, which respectively support performing part of the transmission-related steps performed by the carrier providing node in the above-mentioned various embodiments.

[0475] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different determining modules 2102 are exactly the same, or partially the same, or completely different.

[0476] To sum up, the apparatus provided by the embodiments can realize power control of the carrier providing node through the second information sent by the network device, so as to flexibly control the transmission power of the carrier providing node on demand. By controlling the transmission power of the carrier providing node, the transmission interference of the carrier provided by the carrier providing node on the low-power device can be effectively reduced, while ensuring that the low-power device can work normally according to the carrier provided by the carrier providing node, and reducing the transmission interference between the low-power devices.

[0477] It should be noted that, in actual application, the above-mentioned apparatus can be divided into different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above-described functions.

[0478] As to the apparatus in the above-mentioned embodiments, the specific manners in which the respective modules perform operations have been described in detail in the embodiments of the method, and thus will not be elaborated here.

[0479] FIG. 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device according to an example embodiment of the present application, which is a low-power device or a first device. The communication device 2200 includes a processor 2201, a receiver 2202, a transmitter 2203, a memory 2204, and a bus 2205.

[0480] The processor 2201 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 2201 performs various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0481] The receiver 2202 and the transmitter 2203 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip.

[0482] The memory 2204 is connected to the processor 2201 through the bus 2205. The memory 2204 can be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 2201 is configured to execute the at least one instruction to implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0483] In addition, the memory 2204 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage devices or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: a magnetic or optical disk, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), a Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic storage, a flash memory, and a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM).

[0484] In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is configured to receive first information sent by an intermediate node, send second information used for controlling transmission power of a carrier providing node, wherein the second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is used for implementing bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power consumption device, and the carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power consumption device. In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is further configured to perform other processing-related steps in the above method embodiments.

[0485] In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is configured to send first information used for determining second information used for controlling transmission power of a carrier providing node, wherein the intermediate node is used for implementing bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power consumption device, and the carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power consumption device. In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is further configured to perform other processing-related steps in the above method embodiments.

[0486] In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is configured to receive second information sent by a network device, determine transmission power of a carrier providing node according to the second information, wherein the carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to a low-power consumption device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power consumption device. In some embodiments, the processor 2201 is further configured to perform other processing-related steps in the above method embodiments.

[0487] In some embodiments, the receiver 2202 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 2201 controls the receiver 2202 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2201 requests the receiver 2202 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2201 cooperates with the receiver 2202 to receive signals / data.

[0488] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2203 transmits signals / data independently, or the processor 2201 controls the transmitter 2203 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2201 requests the transmitter 2203 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2201 cooperates with the transmitter 2203 to transmit signals / data.

[0489] In some embodiments, the processor 2201 and the receiver 2202 can be implemented as one module, or the processor 2201 can be implemented as a part of the receiver 2202.

[0490] In some embodiments, the receiver 2202 can be implemented as a receiver. Optionally, the receiver includes or does not include the processor 2201.

[0491] In some embodiments, the processor 2201 and the transmitter 2203 can be implemented as one module, or the processor 2201 can be implemented as a part of the transmitter 2203.

[0492] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2203 can be implemented as a transmitter. Optionally, the receiver includes or does not include the processor 2201.

[0493] In an example embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, which stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the power control method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0494] In an example embodiment, a chip is also provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running on a communication device, is used to implement the power control method provided by each of the above method embodiments based on the programmable logic circuit and / or program.

[0495] In an example embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, which, when running on a processor of a computer device, causes the computer device to perform the above power control method.

[0496] In an example embodiment, a computer program is also provided, which includes computer instructions, and a processor of a computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs the above power control method.

[0497] Those skilled in the art should be aware that, in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, these functions can be stored in a computer readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium includes computer storage medium and communication medium, wherein the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a general or special purpose computer.

[0498] The above description is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power control method, characterized by, The method is performed by a network device, and the method comprises: receiving first information sent by an intermediate node; sending second information, the second information being used for controlling the transmission power of a carrier providing node; wherein the second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is used for realizing bidirectional communication between the network device and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used for providing a carrier to the low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The second information comprises at least one of the following information: a first identifier; a first power offset. The first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first identifier comprises a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier being used for identifying a power control process, and the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The network device maintains one or more power control processes, and each power control process is associated with a unique power control process identifier.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, Each power control process is associated with a group of low-power devices.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first information comprises one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to a first group of low-power devices.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to a first power control process, and the first power control process is associated with the first group of low-power devices.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the one or more measured received powers.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The first information comprises a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, the one or more measured received powers being obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to a first group of low-power devices.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to a first power control process, and the first power control process is associated with the first group of low-power devices.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset.

12. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that, Each power control process is associated with a first time window.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first information comprises one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring the transmission of one or more low-power devices, and the transmission of the one or more low-power devices is located within the first time window.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to a first power control process, and the first power control process is associated with the first time window.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the one or more measured received powers.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, The first information comprises a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, and the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in the first time window.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The power control process identifier in the second information is an identifier corresponding to a first power control process, and the first power control process is associated with the first time window.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The first power offset is determined by the network device according to the second power offset.

19. The method of any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein, The starting position of the first time window is indicated by scheduling information sent by the network device.

20. The method of any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein, The length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol.

21. The method of any one of claims 6 to 11, 13 to 18, wherein, The transmissions of the low-power devices are used to transmit at least one of the following information: control information; data; and a preamble.

22. The method of claim 8 or 15, wherein, The first power offset is determined by the network device according to a maximum value, a minimum value, or an average value of a plurality of measured received powers.

23. The method of claim 11 or 18, wherein, The first power offset is equal to the second power offset.

24. The method of any one of claims 4 to 23, wherein, The maximum number of power control processes maintained by the network device is determined by the network device or predefined by a communication protocol.

25. The method of any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein, The first information is carried in at least one of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

26. The method of any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein, The second information is carried in at least one of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

27. A power control method, comprising: The method is performed by an intermediate node, and the method comprises: sending first information, the first information being used to determine second information, and the second information being used to control a transmission power of a carrier providing node; wherein the intermediate node is used to implement bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, and the carrier is used for backscattering of the low-power device.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein, The first information comprises one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to a first low-power device group.

29. The method of claim 27 or 28, wherein, The first information comprises a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, and the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the one or more low-power devices belong to the first low-power device group.

30. The method of any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein, The first information comprises one or more measured received powers. The one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in a first time window.

31. The method of any one of claims 27 to 30, wherein, The first information comprises a second power offset. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, and the one or more measured received powers are obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low-power devices, and the transmissions of the one or more low-power devices are located in a first time window. The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to one or more measured received powers, the one or more measured received powers being obtained by the intermediate node by measuring transmissions of one or more low power devices, the transmissions of the one or more low power devices being within a first time window.

32. The method of claim 30 or 31, wherein, A start position of the first time window is indicated by scheduling information transmitted by a network device.

33. The method of any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein, A length of the first time window is predefined by a communication protocol.

34. The method of any one of claims 28 to 33, wherein, The transmissions of the low power devices are used to transmit at least one of the following: control information; data; a preamble.

35. The method of claim 28 or 30, wherein, The first information includes one measured received power. The one measured received power is determined by the intermediate node according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers.

36. The method of claim 29 or 31, wherein, The second power offset is determined by the intermediate node according to a maximum, a minimum or an average of a plurality of measured received powers.

37. The method of any one of claims 27 to 36, wherein, The first information is carried in at least one of a PUCCH and a PUSCH.

38. A power control method, comprising: The method is performed by a carrier providing node, and the method includes: receiving second information transmitted by a network device; determining a transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the second information; The carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power device.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein, The second information includes at least one of the following: a first identifier; a first power offset. The first identifier is associated with an initial transmission power.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein, The first identifier includes a power control process identifier, the power control process identifier being used to identify a power control process, the power control process being associated with the initial transmission power.

41. The method of claim 39 or 40, wherein, The second information includes the first identifier and the first power offset; and determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the second information includes: determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to a minimum of a first parameter and a second parameter; The first parameter is determined according to the first identifier and the first power offset, and the second parameter is a maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein, The maximum transmission power of the carrier providing node is predefined by a communication protocol.

43. The method of claim 41 or 42, wherein, The first parameter includes a sum of the initial transmission power and an offset parameter. The initial transmission power is determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier, and the offset parameter is determined according to the first power offset.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein, The offset parameter is equal to the first power offset.

45. The method of claim 43 or 44, wherein, The offset parameter is equal to a sum of the first power offset and a power offset used in a previous power adjustment. The power control process corresponding to the previous power adjustment is the same as a power control process corresponding to the power control process identifier.

46. The method of any one of claims 39 to 45, wherein, The second information includes the first identifier; and determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the second information includes: determining the transmission power of the carrier providing node according to the first identifier.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein, The transmission power of the carrier providing node is equal to the initial transmission power, the initial transmission power being determined according to a power control process corresponding to the first identifier.

48. The method of claim 46 or 47, wherein, The sending power of the carrier providing node is equal to the sending power used in the previous power adjustment. The previous power adjustment corresponds to the same power control process as the first identifier.

49. The method of claim 43 or 47, wherein, The initial sending power corresponding to different power control processes is determined according to configuration information sent by the network device or is predefined by a communication protocol.

50. The method of any one of claims 39 to 49, wherein, The second information is carried in at least one of a PDCCH and a PDSCH.

51. A power control device, comprising: The apparatus comprises: a receiving module configured to receive first information sent by an intermediate node; a sending module configured to send second information, the second information being used to control the sending power of a carrier providing node; The second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is used to implement bidirectional communication between the apparatus and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

52. A power control device, comprising: The apparatus comprises: a sending module configured to send first information, the first information being used to determine second information, the second information being used to control the sending power of a carrier providing node; The apparatus is used to implement bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

53. A power control device, comprising: The apparatus comprises: a receiving module configured to receive second information sent by a network device; a determining module configured to determine the sending power of the apparatus according to the second information; The apparatus is used to provide a carrier to a low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

54. A network device, comprising: The network device comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; The network device is configured to receive first information sent by an intermediate node and send second information, the second information being used to control the sending power of a carrier providing node. The second information is determined according to the first information, the intermediate node is used to implement bidirectional communication between the network device and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

55. An intermediate node, characterized by The intermediate node comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; The intermediate node is configured to send first information, the first information being used to determine second information, the second information being used to control the sending power of a carrier providing node. The intermediate node is used to implement bidirectional communication between a network device and a low-power device, and the carrier providing node is used to provide a carrier to the low-power device, the carrier being used for backscattering of the low-power device.

56. A carrier providing node, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y The carrier providing node comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; The carrier providing node is configured to receive second information sent by a network device and determine the sending power of the carrier providing node according to the second information. The carrier providing node is configured to provide a carrier to a low power device, the carrier being used for backscattering by the low power device.

57. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium has stored executable instructions, which are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the power control method according to any one of claims 1-50.

58. A chip, comprising: The chip comprises a programmable logic circuit or program, and the chip is configured to implement the power control method according to any one of claims 1-50 based on the programmable logic circuit or program.

59. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the power control method according to any one of claims 1-50.

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