Shock-wave electrode structure having ablation-resistant insulating part, and shock-wave balloon catheter

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure is a shock-wave electrode structure having an ablation-resistant insulating part. The structure comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, which extend in the same direction and are spaced apart from each other, wherein the first electrode has a first discharge end, and the second electrode has a second discharge end; an electrical clearance between the first electrode and the second electrode forms an accommodating space, and an ablation-resistant insulating part made of an inorganic solid insulating material is arranged in the accommodating space; and when a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, an effective discharge breakdown is generated between the first discharge end and the second discharge end, which are located in an electrically conductive liquid, and thus an effective shock wave is formed. Further provided in the present disclosure is a shock-wave balloon catheter, comprising an expansion element and a shock-wave electrode structure, which has an ablation-resistant insulating part and is arranged inside the expansion element. The shock-wave electrode having an ablation-resistant insulating part and the shock-wave balloon catheter of the present application can release a greater number of effective shock waves having more stable energy, and have a longer service life.

Description

Shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation and shockwave balloon catheter TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of interventional medical devices, in particular to a shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation and a shockwave balloon catheter. BACKGROUND

[0002] From the aspects of safety, controllability, etc., the liquid-electric shockwave is widely used in the current interventional medical field. High-voltage pulse discharge in conductive liquid can produce a shockwave with strong mechanical effect, which is called "electrohydraulic effect". The process of generating a shockwave by the electrohydraulic effect is a transient, continuous and complex energy conversion process. When the positive and negative electrodes are rapidly injected with electric energy, the positive and negative electrodes are discharged and broken down, the conductive liquid between the positive and negative electrodes is heated and vaporized within several microseconds, forming a high-temperature and high-pressure plasma channel, and causing the discharge channel to expand rapidly, radiating a shockwave outward at the interface between the channel and the conductive fluid, and also accompanied by light, heat radiation and heat conduction. Therefore, the shockwave is formed at any position of the electric arc generated between the two electrodes, and the shockwave electrode also needs to withstand a large amount of heat energy and strong mechanical impact force.

[0003] The current shockwave catheter has been put on the market and its safety and effectiveness have been fully verified. It is used to loosen or produce cracks in the tissue to be treated (such as calcified lesion tissue) in the coronary or peripheral vessels, and then the balloon is inflated to complete the expansion, thereby relieving the degree of stenosis of the blood vessels or facilitating subsequent treatment. The existing shockwave electrode realizes electrode insulation by setting a high polymer insulating material as an insulating layer between the positive and negative electrodes. However, under the action of the heat energy of the shockwave, the high polymer insulating material will quickly melt or crack, forming a melt and a cracked substance with unknown molecular structure, which greatly changes the discharge conditions of the shockwave electrode; and these melt and cracked substances will further form a mixture with weak conductivity with the part in a molten state (referred to as metal melt) in the electrode, greatly reducing the conductivity of the electrode, and ultimately causing the electrode to be unable to discharge and break down again, thus the existing shockwave electrode is disabled.

[0004] At present, the existing technology cannot solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation and a shockwave balloon catheter, which discards the high polymer insulating material and uses an ablation-resistant insulation made of inorganic solid insulating material, completely solves the problem of failure of the existing shockwave electrode caused by the use of high polymer insulating material, forms an effective shockwave with higher single energy and more times, has a longer service life, and has a better treatment effect.

[0006] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is as follows: a shock wave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part, comprising a first electrode and a second electrode which are arranged in the same direction and are spaced apart, the first electrode has a first discharge end, and the second electrode has a second discharge end; an electrical gap between the first electrode and the second electrode forms an accommodation space, and an ablation-resistant insulation part made of inorganic solid insulation material is arranged in the accommodation space; when the first electrode and the second electrode are loaded with an applied voltage, effective discharge breakdown occurs between the first discharge end and the second discharge end in the conductive liquid, and an effective shock wave is formed.

[0007] The present disclosure also provides a shock wave balloon catheter, comprising an inflation element and a shock wave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part as described above, and the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part is arranged inside the inflation element.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned at least one technical scheme adopted by the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve at least the following beneficial effects: the shock wave electrode and the shock wave balloon catheter with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the present application use an ablation-resistant insulation part made of inorganic solid insulation material, and because the thermal conductivity, melting point and impact strength of the ablation-resistant insulation part are higher than those of the polymer insulation layer of the prior art, the ablation-resistant insulation part produces very little melt under the action of heat accompanying the shock wave, and the ablation-resistant insulation part does not produce a large amount of melt and unknown molecular structure cracking products, thus completely solving the problem that the use of polymer insulation material in the prior art shock wave electrode can rapidly change the discharge conditions of the shock wave electrode, thereby causing the shock wave electrode to fail and be unable to continue to discharge, thereby being able to induce a single energy higher and more times of effective shock wave, having a longer service life, having a better treatment effect, achieving the formation of cracks or loosening of the more serious lesion of the tubular structure of the tissue to be treated without the need to replace the shock wave catheter, and further achieving treatment of the tissue to be treated which cannot or is inconvenient to be expanded, thereby having a better treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prior art shock wave electrode structure;

[0011] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a prior art shock wave electrode structure;

[0012] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Fig. 7 is an end view of a preferred embodiment of a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Fig. 8 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the ablation-resistant insulation applied to a prior art shockwave electrode structure of the present disclosure;

[0020] Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the ablation-resistant insulation applied to a prior art shockwave electrode structure of the present disclosure;

[0021] Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a shockwave balloon catheter of the present disclosure.

[0022] Reference numerals in the drawings: 10, first electrode; 11, first discharge end; 20, second electrode; 21, second discharge end; 30, ablation-resistant insulation; 301, first insulation; 302, second insulation; 40, expansion element; 801, electrode; 802, electrode; 803, polymer insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] The above embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The present application can be implemented or applied in other different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0025] In this article, "distal" refers to the end far from the operator, and "proximal" refers to the end close to the operator. Effective discharge breakdown refers to a single discharge breakdown between the electrodes that can form an effective shock wave. Effective shock wave refers to a single shock wave energy released by a single shock wave that has a therapeutic effect on the tissue to be treated. Single shock wave energy refers to the shock wave energy released by a single effective shock wave. Action distance refers to the distance between the position where the effective shock wave occurs and the tissue to be treated. Service life refers to the total number of effective shock waves that can be released by the shock wave electrode structure. Discharge distance refers to the electrical gap between the positive and negative electrodes (when the two electrodes are only insulated by air) or the creepage distance (when there is an insulator between the two electrodes that affects the electrical gap). The exposed area of the electrode refers to the surface area of the positive or negative electrode that has discharge performance. The total exposed area of the electrode refers to the sum of the surface areas of the positive and negative electrodes that have discharge performance. When the shock wave energy released by a single shock wave is large enough and the action distance is close enough, it can have an effect on the tissue to be treated, and this single shock wave is considered an effective shock wave. To have a therapeutic effect on more serious lesions of the tissue to be treated, the single energy of the effective shock wave needs to be higher. The factors that affect the size of the single energy in the discharge conditions of the shock wave electrode are mainly the discharge distance and the exposed area of the electrode.

[0026] The thermal conductivity and melting point of the high polymer insulating material are relatively low. Under the action of the extremely high heat generated by the shock wave for a few microseconds, heat will rapidly accumulate at the heated locations of the high polymer insulating layer, causing the temperature of these heated locations to reach their melting point, and the high polymer insulating material at these heated locations will melt to form a melt, or even pyrolyze and carbonize to form a pyrolysis product with an unknown molecular structure. Therefore, the main reasons for the failure of the high polymer insulating layer in the shock wave electrode are melting and pyrolysis. At the same time, these melts and pyrolysis products will also further mix with the surrounding substances (i.e., electrode melts) during the process of re-solidification, forming a mixture that cannot achieve effective discharge breakdown. With each discharge breakdown of the electrode to generate a shock wave, the discharge locations of the positive and negative electrodes melt and produce metal melts that cannot achieve effective discharge breakdown again, the heated locations of the high polymer insulating layer melt and pyrolyze and produce melts and pyrolysis products, the metal melts and melts and pyrolysis products further mix to form a mixture, and the mechanical impact force of the shock wave will randomly break and fall off the electrode structure, forming small pits.

[0027] In the prior art shock wave electrode structure as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a high polymer insulation layer 803 is arranged between the electrode 801 and the electrode 802. During the electrode discharge process, the changes of the discharge conditions mainly include: 1) as the electrode melts, the discharge distance should increase step by step; as the high polymer insulation layer melts and cracks, the discharge distance should decrease; as the metal melt, melt, crack and mixture accumulate, the discharge distance should decrease; as the mechanical impact force randomly breaks and falls off the high polymer insulation layer, melt, crack and mixture, the discharge distance may increase or decrease; as the mechanical impact force randomly breaks and falls off the electrode and the metal melt, the discharge distance may increase or decrease; in summary, the change of the discharge distance cannot be determined; 2) as the electrode melts and the metal melt is generated, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode decrease; as the metal melt, melt, crack and mixture accumulate, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode decrease; as the mechanical impact force randomly breaks and falls off the metal melt, high polymer insulation layer, melt, crack and mixture, the covered electrode is exposed, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode increase; as the mechanical impact force randomly breaks and falls off the electrode, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode may increase or decrease; in summary, the change of the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode cannot be determined. When using this structure to release a shock wave, the changes of the discharge distance, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode cannot be determined, the intensity of the single shock wave energy is unstable, at the same time, the change of the surface shape of the high polymer insulation layer cannot be determined, the direction of the single shock wave energy is also unstable. Moreover, the accumulation and random breaking and falling off of the metal melt, melt, crack and mixture, or even the random breaking and falling off of the electrode and the high polymer insulation layer under the mechanical impact force, will continuously accumulate in the hole of the electrode structure, so that the electrode 801 is completely covered, or the accumulation of the metal melt makes the electrode 801 and the electrode 802 conductive, which will cause the electrode to be unable to continue to discharge and break down to form an effective shock wave, and the service life is short. As known from the above, the high polymer insulation layer will cause the discharge conditions of the shock wave electrode to change rapidly and greatly during the process of discharging and breaking down to form a shock wave in the existing shock wave electrode structure, until the shock wave electrode fails to continue to discharge.

[0028] The existing shock wave guide tube is only used to loosen or form a crack in the tubular structure of the coronary artery and peripheral blood vessels, the balloon of the shock wave electrode is easy to adhere to the treated tissue, the distance between the shock wave generating position and the hardened tissue of the lesion site is very close, and the utilization rate of the shock wave energy is high. Therefore, the existing shock wave electrode only needs to provide a single low-energy effective shock wave with a small number of times, so that the existing shock wave guide tube can meet the treatment needs of most treated tissues. However, due to the above problems, when the lesion of the treated tissue is more serious, the operator often needs to replace one or even multiple existing shock wave guide tubes during the operation to form a crack or loosen the treated tissue. Therefore, a single effective shock wave with slightly higher energy and a slightly larger number of times is still helpful for the existing shock wave electrode to treat the treated tissue. For the treated tissue of the site that cannot or is inconvenient to expand (such as the mitral valve and aortic valve of the human body), a single effective shock wave with higher energy and a larger number of times is also needed to achieve treatment. However, a single effective shock wave with higher energy and a larger number of times means a faster electrode melting speed and a high polymer insulation layer melting speed, which will make the existing shock wave electrode structure fail faster.

[0029] The shock wave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part provided in the present application aims to change the structure and material to enable the electrode to form a single effective shock wave with higher energy and a larger number of times, have a longer service life, achieve the formation of a crack or loosening of the treated tissue with a more serious lesion in the tubular structure without replacing the shock wave guide tube, and further achieve the treatment of the treated tissue that cannot or is inconvenient to expand, thereby having a better treatment effect.

[0030] The shock wave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part provided in the present application aims to change the structure and material to enable the electrode to form a single effective shock wave with higher energy and a larger number of times, have a longer service life, achieve the formation of a crack or loosening of the treated tissue with a more serious lesion in the tubular structure without replacing the shock wave guide tube, and further achieve the treatment of the treated tissue that cannot or is inconvenient to expand, thereby having a better treatment effect.

[0031] The first electrode 10 includes one end and another end, and the second electrode 20 includes one end and another end. The first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are "in the same extension direction" means that the one end of the first electrode 10 and the one end of the second electrode 20 are located on the same side, and the other end of the first electrode 10 and the other end of the second electrode 20 are located on the same other side. The extension direction of the second electrode 20 does not need to be parallel to the extension direction of the first electrode 10. The first discharge end 11 of the first electrode 10 and the second discharge end 21 of the second electrode 20 are not insulated, and other positions of the first electrode 10 and other positions of the second electrode 20 are insulated from each other. When a voltage is applied to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, only the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 located in the conductive liquid form a corresponding potential difference and generate an effective discharge breakdown to release an effective shock wave. No discharge breakdown occurs between other positions of the first electrode 10 and other positions of the second electrode 20.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the material of the first electrode and the material of the second electrode can be selected from copper, stainless steel, tungsten, tungsten alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, platinum, platinum alloy, and boride ceramic; and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part can be selected from oxide ceramic, mineral, glass, and quartz.

[0033] Compared with the high-molecular insulating material used in the prior art, the inorganic solid insulating material used in the ablation-resistant insulating part 30 has high thermal conductivity and high melting point, and the molten material will not change the molecular structure (here, the trace amount of impurities in the ablation-resistant insulating part is ignored) after solidification again, and will not decompose or crack. When the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are loaded with the same voltage as the prior art, the heat accumulation speed at the heated position of the ablation-resistant insulating part 30 is relatively slow, the heated position of the ablation-resistant insulating part 30 needs relatively longer time to reach the melting point, and even if the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulating part 30 is reached, the volume of the molten material is relatively small, and no other molecular structure unknown substances will be formed during the melting process and after the solidification of the molten material, the mixing of the molten material with the metal melt during the solidification process is extremely small, the molten material has little effect on the electrode distance, the exposed area of the electrode and the total exposed area of the electrode, and the melting of the ablation-resistant insulating part 30 has little effect on the strength and direction of the effective shock wave, thereby releasing more times of effective shock waves, and the strength and direction of the effective shock wave are almost unchanged, which is very stable. Further, a higher voltage can be loaded on the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, a larger potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 in the conductive liquid can be formed, a higher single energy effective shock wave can be released when the effective discharge breakdown is formed between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, and when the single energy is within a certain range, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 can release effective shock waves with higher single energy and more times. Therefore, the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulating part of the present application can release effective shock waves with higher single energy and more times, has a longer service life, realizes the formation of cracks or loosening of the tubular structure of the more serious lesion of the to-be-treated tissue without replacing the shock wave guide tube, and further realizes the treatment of the to-be-treated tissue which cannot or is inconvenient to be expanded, thereby having better treatment effect.

[0034] When the electrode structure, voltage and other conditions are substantially the same, the higher the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the slower the melting speed, the less the molten substance, the less the change of the discharge condition by the molten substance, the greater the single energy of the effective shock wave that can be induced between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, and the greater the number of times of the effective shock wave that can be induced between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21. Thus, the single energy of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 have a positive growth relationship, or the number of times of the shock wave induction and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 have a positive growth relationship. Similarly, the higher the melting point of the electrode, the more the heat required for the melting ablation, the greater the single energy of the effective shock wave that can be induced in the case of the same ablation volume, and the greater the number of times of the effective shock wave. Thus, the single energy of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the electrode also have a positive growth relationship, or the number of times of the effective shock wave induction and the melting point of the electrode also have a positive growth relationship. The materials of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 can be the same or different, and the materials of the first electrode 10, the second electrode 20 and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 can be selected according to the target value of the single energy and the target value of the number of times of the effective shock wave.

[0035] The ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is closer to the position where the shock wave is generated relative to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, so the heat that the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 bears is much higher than the heat that the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 bear respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the first electrode 10, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the second electrode 20, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 can still be in a stable working state in the case that an effective discharge breakdown can be generated between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. In addition, the ablation speed of the positive electrode is faster than that of the negative electrode in the process of forming the effective shock wave. Therefore, when the electrode materials are selected, a metal or boride ceramic with a higher melting point can be selected as the positive electrode, and a metal with a lower melting point can be selected as the negative electrode. Specifically, when the first electrode 10 is the positive electrode, the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the first electrode 10, and the melting point of the first electrode 10 is higher than the melting point of the second electrode 20, or the melting point of the first electrode 10 is higher than the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the second electrode 20; when the second electrode 20 is the positive electrode, the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the second electrode 20, and the melting point of the second electrode 20 is higher than the melting point of the first electrode 10, or the melting point of the second electrode 20 is higher than the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is higher than the melting point of the first electrode 10.

[0036] With each time of the electrode melting discharge breakdown producing a shock wave, the mechanical force of the shock wave can make the tissue to be treated loose or even produce a crack, and also can make the first electrode 10, the second electrode 20, the electrode melt, the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 and the melt produce a crack and form a broken small pit, and finally make the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 be broken, make the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 be broken, and cause the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the application to fail. The higher the impact resistance of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, the longer the time required for the mechanical force of the shock wave to make the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 be broken, the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the application can form an effective shock wave with higher single energy and more times, has a longer service life, so that the single energy of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the electrode are in a positive growth relationship; or, the number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the electrode are in a positive growth relationship. Similarly, the higher the impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30, the longer the time required for the mechanical force of the shock wave to make the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 be broken, the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the application can form an effective shock wave with higher single energy and more times, has a longer service life, so that the single energy of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 are in a positive growth relationship; or, the number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 are in a positive growth relationship.

[0037] The material of the first electrode and the material of the second electrode can be copper (such as Cu, red copper), stainless steel (such as AISI304, AISI316), tungsten, tungsten alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, platinum, platinum alloy (such as platinum-iridium alloy Pt90Ir19, platinum-tungsten alloy PtW8) or other alloy (such as molybdenum alloy), and the material of the first electrode and the material of the second electrode can also be boride ceramic. When the material of the electrode is selected as boride ceramic, the melt produced by the electrode melting is also extremely small, which can effectively avoid the electrode loss and the problem of easy electrode conduction caused by metal melt, so that the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the application can form more effective discharge shocks, release an effective shock wave with higher and more stable single energy and more times, and has a longer service life. The inorganic solid insulation material here refers to an inorganic solid insulation material that can be made into an ablation-resistant insulation part, such as oxide ceramic (usually with high melting temperature, high mechanical strength, electrical insulation performance and chemical stability), mineral (such as artificial diamond and mica), glass or quartz.

[0038] For example, when the material of the first electrode 10 and the material of the second electrode 20 are both copper, the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 can be selected as zirconia of monoclinic phase with a melting point close to that of copper, or other inorganic solid insulation materials with a higher melting point, such as zirconia of tetragonal phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer. Alternatively, when the material of the first electrode 10 and the material of the second electrode 20 are both stainless steel 304 (AISI 304), the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 can be selected as zirconia of monoclinic phase with a melting point lower than that of stainless steel 304 (AISI 304), or zirconia of tetragonal phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer, or other inorganic solid insulation materials with a higher melting point, such as zirconia of cubic phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer. Alternatively, when the material of the first electrode 10 and the material of the second electrode 20 are both platinum-iridium alloy (Pt90lr), the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is preferably selected as zirconia of cubic phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer and a higher melting point than that of platinum-iridium alloy (Pt90lr). Alternatively, when the material of the first electrode 10 and the material of the second electrode 20 are both boride ceramic, the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is preferably selected as zirconia of cubic phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer, or other existing inorganic solid insulation materials with a higher melting point than that of boride ceramic. In a preferred embodiment, the material of the positive electrode is selected as stainless steel 304 (AISI 304), the material of the negative electrode is selected as platinum-iridium alloy (Pt90lr), and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is selected as zirconia of cubic phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer. The material of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is zirconia of cubic phase with iridium oxide as a stabilizer; when the first electrode 10 is the positive electrode, the material of the first electrode 10 is platinum-iridium alloy (Pt90lr), and the material of the second electrode is stainless steel 304 (AISI 304); when the second electrode 20 is the positive electrode, the material of the second electrode 20 is platinum-iridium alloy (Pt90lr), and the material of the first electrode 10 is stainless steel 304 (AISI 304).

[0039] By changing the relative position of the space between the first discharge end (i.e., the first distal end face) 11 and the second discharge end (i.e., the second distal end face) 21, the position of the effective shock wave and its propagation and reflection in space can be changed, and thus the distribution pattern of the energy of the effective shock wave in space can be changed. By changing the discharge distance between the first distal end face 11 and the second distal end face 21, the energy of the effective shock wave can be changed. Thus, the relative position of the space between the first distal end face 11 and the second distal end face 21 and the discharge distance can be set according to the requirements for the spatial distribution pattern and the energy of the effective shock wave.

[0040] The structure of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is preferably two kinds. In the first embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is a one-piece structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, and the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 fills the electrical gap between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. When the effective shock wave is formed between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, the effective shock wave is formed at any position on the surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30, and the discharge channel of the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 is located on the surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30. The ablation-resistant insulation part 30 with a higher melting point and a higher impact resistance can withstand a greater number of effective shock waves, and the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 has a stronger support effect on the shock wave. The shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the present application can have a higher single energy and a greater number of effective shock waves, and has a longer service life. In the second embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 includes a first insulation part 301 and a second insulation part 302, the first insulation part 301 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10, and the second insulation part 302 is tightly attached to the second electrode 20. The first insulation part 301 and the second insulation part 302 are arranged in the electrical gap between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. When the effective shock wave is formed between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, the effective shock wave is formed at any position between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, specifically including the surface of the first insulation part 301, the surface of the second insulation part 302, and the gap between the surface of the first insulation part 301 and the surface of the second insulation part 302. The discharge channel of the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 passes through the surface of the first insulation part 301 and the surface of the second insulation part 302. It can be understood that the first insulation part 301 and the second insulation part 302 support the shock wave occurrence position at any position between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21. The gap between the surface of the first insulation part 301 and the surface of the second insulation part 302 has no effect on the intensity and direction of the shock wave, only the first insulation part 301 and the second insulation part 302 have an effect on the intensity and direction of the shock wave. The first insulation part 301 and the second insulation part 302 with a higher melting point and a higher impact resistance can withstand a greater number of effective shock waves, and the first insulation part 301 and the second insulation part 302 have a stronger support effect on the shock wave. The shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the present application can have a higher single energy and a greater number of effective shock waves, and has a longer service life.

[0041] In the premise of the two preferred structures of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30, the relative positions between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are also preferably two: the second discharge end 21 is spaced and sleeved outside the first discharge end 11; or, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are spaced and arranged side by side. The discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 can be set according to the demand for the size of the effective shock wave energy. For example, if the energy of the effective shock wave needs to continuously impact the tissue to be treated from small to large, the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 can be set to continuously increase from small to large. In a preferred embodiment, in order to make the energy of the effective shock wave more stable, it is preferred that the distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 is kept equal, and the second discharge end 21 is uniformly spaced and sleeved outside the first discharge end 11; or, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are uniformly spaced and arranged side by side, so as to keep the discharge distance stable, thereby obtaining more times of the effective shock wave with similar single shock wave energy under the same potential difference.

[0042] Based on the two preferred structures of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 and the two relative positions between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, the relative positions between the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 (i.e., the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30), the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 include four specific cases: the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same plane, the same convex surface or the same curved surface; or, in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is higher or level with the first discharge end 11; or, in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is higher or level with the second discharge end 21; or, in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is higher than the first discharge end 11, and the distal end face of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is higher than the second discharge end 21.

[0043] In the first embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is an integral structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. The second electrode 20 is spaced and sleeved outside the first electrode 10. The distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 (i.e., the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30), the first discharge end 11, and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same plane. When the effective shock wave is formed between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, the effective shock wave is formed at any position of the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30. At the same time, the mechanical impact force brought by the shock wave can also take away the metal molten material and a small amount of molten material located at the first discharge end 11, the second discharge end 21, and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 through the impact, thereby having a self-cleaning function. This can avoid the accumulation of the metal molten material and the small amount of molten material at the first discharge end 11, the second discharge end 21, and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30, and further reduce the negative impact of the metal molten material and the small amount of molten material on the effective discharge breakdown. As shown in a preferred embodiment of FIG. 3, the first electrode 10 is a cylindrical structure, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and the second electrode 20 are both cylindrical structures, and the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and the second electrode 20 are coaxially sleeved outside the periphery of the first electrode 10. The radial thickness of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, and the ablation-resistant insulation 30 almost does not produce molten material. Therefore, the discharge distance almost does not change during the discharge process. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable and almost does not change. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when the first electrode 10, the ablation-resistant insulation 30, and the second electrode 20 are other structures of a column, or when the first electrode 10, the ablation-resistant insulation 30, and the second electrode 20 are structures that are not coaxially sleeved, they still belong to the protection scope of the present application. For this embodiment, the second electrode 20 is spaced and sleeved and tightly attached to the outside of the ablation-resistant insulation 30. When the shock wave exerts an impact force on the ablation-resistant insulation 30, a stress is formed on the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and is distributed along the periphery thereof. The impact force is transferred to the second electrode 20 through the ablation-resistant insulation 30, and the second electrode 20 made of metal or boride ceramic material provides structural support to the ablation-resistant insulation 30, so that the ablation-resistant insulation 30 has no stress concentration, the deformation amount of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is greatly reduced, the impact resistance of this structure is effectively improved, and thus the ablation-resistant insulation 30 has a stronger impact resistance far exceeding the impact resistance of its material. It is preferred that the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and the second electrode 20 are coaxially sleeved in a cylindrical structure. Relative to the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 bears higher heat.The higher the melting point and the higher the impact strength of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the more times the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 can withstand effective shock waves, and the stronger the support of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 to the shock waves. The shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation portion of the present application can have higher and more stable single energy and more times of effective shock waves, and has a longer service life. This beneficial effect is possessed in other embodiments, and will not be described below.

[0044] In the second specific embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is a one-piece structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. The second electrode 20 is spaced and sleeved outside the first electrode 10. The distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 (i.e. the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30), the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located on the same convex surface. Similarly, this structure has: a self-cleaning function; and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 has a stronger impact resistance far exceeding the impact strength of the material thereof. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which are a preferred embodiment, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located on the same spherical cap surface, and the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 is equidistant, i.e. the shortest arc length of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that when the first electrode 10, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 and the second electrode 20 are other structures of a column, or when the first electrode 10, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 and the second electrode 20 are not coaxially sleeved structures, they still belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] In a feasible embodiment, the second electrode 20 is spaced and sleeved outside the first electrode 10, and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 (i.e. the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30), the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located on the same curved surface of other shapes, which also belongs to the protection scope of the present application. For example, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located on the same concave surface, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 still has a stronger impact resistance far exceeding the impact strength of the material thereof. If the second electrode 20 is uniformly spaced and sleeved outside the first electrode 10, in the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is still very stable. Since this structure does not have a self-cleaning function, the electrode material is preferably boride ceramic, which can also greatly reduce the negative impact of metal melt on discharge breakdown.

[0046] In the third specific embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is of an integral structure, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20, the second electrode 20 is sleeved on the first electrode 10, and in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 (i.e. the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30) is higher than or level with the first discharge end 11, or in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is higher than or level with the second discharge end 21, or in the extension direction of the first electrode 10, the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is higher than the first discharge end 11 and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation is higher than the second discharge end 21. In this structure, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 still has a stronger impact resistance than the impact resistance of its material. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the first electrode 10 is of a cylindrical structure, the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and the second electrode 20 are both of a cylindrical structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation 30 and the second electrode 20 are coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the first electrode 10. The distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30 is higher than the first discharge end 11 and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation is higher than the second discharge end 21, and the discharge channels of the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 need to climb through the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation 30. Without increasing the diameter of the first electrode 10 and the diameter of the second electrode 20, this structure can effectively increase the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, so that the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 can bear a higher potential difference, and an effective shock wave with a larger single energy can be realized. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable.

[0047] In the fourth specific embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is of an integral structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20; the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are arranged in parallel with a spacing, and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 (i.e., the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30), the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same plane, the same convex surface or the same curved surface. As shown in a preferred embodiment of FIG. 7, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is of a cylindrical structure, the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 are of a columnar structure, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are both rectangular and the long sides of the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are parallel to each other, and the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same plane. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 has a self-cleaning function. As shown in a preferred embodiment of FIG. 8, the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 is of a cylindrical structure, the top of the cylindrical structure and the bottom of the cylindrical structure are both perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical structure, the first electrode 10 is located at the top of the cylindrical structure, the second electrode 20 is located at the bottom of the cylindrical structure, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same circumferential surface and are slightly higher than the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 has a self-cleaning function. If the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30, the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 are located in the same circumferential surface, the discharge channel between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 is located in the circumferential surface, and the ablation-resistant insulation portion 30 also has a stronger impact resistance far exceeding the impact strength of its material.

[0048] In the fifth embodiment, the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 comprises a first insulation part 301 and a second insulation part 302, the first insulation part 301 is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the distal end surface of the first insulation part 301 (i.e. the outer surface of the first insulation part 301) is in the same plane as the first discharge end 11, the second insulation part 302 is tightly attached to the second electrode 20 and the distal end surface of the second insulation part 302 (i.e. the outer surface of the second insulation part 302) is in the same plane as the second discharge end 21, and the electrode 20 is coaxially sleeved outside the first electrode 10. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the first electrode 10 is in a cylindrical structure, the first insulation part 301 is in a cylindrical structure and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the first electrode 10, the second electrode 20 is in a cylindrical structure and is coaxially sleeved outside the first electrode 10, the second insulation part 302 is in a cylindrical structure and is tightly attached to the inner surface of the second electrode 20, and the discharge channel of the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 needs to climb through the distal end surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30. Without increasing the diameter of the first electrode 10 and the diameter of the second electrode 20, this structure can effectively increase the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21, so that the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 can bear a higher potential difference, and an effective shock wave with greater single energy can be realized. In the case where the potential difference between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 does not change, the single energy of the effective shock wave is very stable.

[0049] In one embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the insulation layer in FIG. 1 is replaced by the ablation-resistant insulation part 30; the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 is in an integrated structure and is tightly attached to the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. Compared with the prior art, the discharge distance of the electrode does not change, the same voltage is applied to both ends of the electrode, and the same potential difference is generated between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20. Initially, the single energy released by the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the present application is basically the same as the single energy released by the shock wave electrode structure of the prior art. Since the amount of melting of the ablation-resistant insulation part 30 during discharge is much smaller than the amount of melting of the high polymer insulation layer of the prior art, the discharge distance between the first discharge end 11 and the second discharge end 21 is only affected by the electrode melting and the mechanical impact force of the shock wave, so the single shock wave energy is relatively stable. Therefore, the shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part of the present application can release effective shock waves with more stable energy and sufficient times, thereby having a longer service life.

[0050] As shown in Fig. 12, the present disclosure further provides a shockwave balloon catheter, comprising an inflation element 40 and a shockwave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part as described above, which is arranged inside the inflation element 40. The shockwave electrode structure with an ablation-resistant insulation part comprises a first electrode 10, a second electrode 20 and an ablation-resistant insulation part 30 made of inorganic solid insulation material.

[0051] As can be seen from the above, the shockwave electrode with an ablation-resistant insulation part and the shockwave balloon catheter of the present application use an ablation-resistant insulation part made of inorganic solid insulation material, and since the thermal conductivity, melting point and impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part are all higher than those of the polymer insulation layer of the prior art, the ablation-resistant insulation part generates very little melt under the action of heat accompanying the shockwave, and the ablation-resistant insulation part does not generate a large amount of melt and unknown molecular structure pyrolysis products, thus completely solving the problem that the use of polymer insulation material in the prior art shockwave electrode can rapidly change the discharge conditions of the shockwave electrode, thereby causing the shockwave electrode to fail and be unable to continue to discharge, thereby being able to induce a single energy higher and more times of effective shockwave, having a longer service life, having a better treatment effect, achieving the formation of cracks or loosening of the more serious lesions of the tubular structure of the to-be-treated tissue without the need to replace the shockwave catheter, and further achieving treatment of the to-be-treated tissue that cannot or is inconvenient to expand, thereby having a better treatment effect.

[0052] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shockwave electrode structure having an ablation resistant insulation, characterized by, The electrode includes first and second electrodes with the same extension direction and arranged at intervals, the first electrode has a first discharge end, and the second electrode has a second discharge end; an electrical gap between the first and second electrodes forms a containing space, and an ablation-resistant insulation part made of inorganic solid insulation material is arranged in the containing space; when the first and second electrodes are loaded with an applied voltage, effective discharge breakdown occurs between the first and second discharge ends in the conductive liquid, and an effective shock wave is formed.

2. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that The single energy of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part have a positive growth relationship; Alternatively, The number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part have a positive growth relationship; Alternatively, The single energy of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the electrode have a positive growth relationship; Alternatively, The number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the melting point of the electrode have a positive growth relationship.

3. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 2, characterized in that The melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the first electrode, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the second electrode; or, When the first electrode is a positive electrode, the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the first electrode, and the melting point of the first electrode is higher than the melting point of the second electrode, or the melting point of the first electrode is higher than the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the second electrode; when the second electrode is a positive electrode, the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the second electrode, and the melting point of the second electrode is higher than the melting point of the first electrode, or the melting point of the second electrode is higher than the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part, and the melting point of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the melting point of the first electrode; or, The single energy of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the electrode have a positive growth relationship; Alternatively, The number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the electrode have a positive growth relationship; Alternatively, The single energy of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part have a positive growth relationship; or the number of times of initiation of the effective shock wave and the impact resistance of the ablation-resistant insulation part have a positive growth relationship.

4. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 1, wherein, The materials of the first and second electrodes are selected from copper, stainless steel, tungsten, tungsten alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, platinum, platinum alloy, and boride ceramic; and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is selected from oxide ceramic, mineral, glass, and quartz.

5. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 1, wherein, The materials of the first and second electrodes are both copper, and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is monoclinic phase zirconia or tetragonal phase zirconia with yttrium oxide as a stabilizer; or The materials of the first and second electrodes are both stainless steel 304, and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is monoclinic phase zirconia, tetragonal phase zirconia with yttrium oxide as a stabilizer, or cubic phase zirconia with yttrium oxide as a stabilizer; or The materials of the first and second electrodes are both platinum-iridium alloy, and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is cubic phase zirconia with yttrium oxide as a stabilizer; or The materials of the first and second electrodes are both boride ceramic, and the material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is cubic phase zirconia with yttrium oxide as a stabilizer; or The material of the ablation-resistant insulation part is cubic zirconia with yttrium oxide as the stabilizer; when the first electrode is the positive electrode, the material of the first electrode is platinum-iridium alloy and the material of the second electrode is stainless steel 304; when the second electrode is the positive electrode, the material of the second electrode is platinum-iridium alloy and the material of the first electrode is stainless steel 304.

6. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 1, wherein, The ablation-resistant insulation part is in an integrated structure, and the ablation-resistant insulation part is tightly attached to the first electrode and the second electrode; or, The ablation-resistant insulation part comprises a first insulation part and a second insulation part, the first insulation part is tightly attached to the first electrode, and the second insulation part is tightly attached to the second electrode.

7. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 6, characterized in that The second electrode is sleeved outside the first electrode; or, the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced and arranged side by side.

8. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to claim 7, characterized in that When the second electrode is sleeved outside the first electrode, the second electrode is uniformly sleeved outside the first electrode; when the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced and arranged side by side, the first electrode and the second electrode are uniformly spaced and arranged side by side.

9. The shockwave electrode structure with ablation-resistant insulation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part, the first discharge end and the second discharge end are located in the same plane, the same convex surface or the same curved surface; or, In the extension direction of the first electrode, the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than or level with the first discharge end; Or, In the extension direction of the first electrode, the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than or level with the second discharge end; or, In the extension direction of the first electrode, the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the first discharge end, and the outer surface of the ablation-resistant insulation part is higher than the second discharge end.

10. A shockwave balloon catheter, characterized by, The shock wave electrode structure with the ablation-resistant insulation part as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is arranged inside the expansion element.

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