Tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee arthroplasty

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee arthroplasty and, specifically, comprises: a tibial contact part of which the bottom surface to come into contact with the inner inclined surface of the tibial is inclined upward at 30-40 degrees toward both the left and right with respect to a center line; and a first pin insertion tube which penetrates the rear side of the tibial contact part and which is inclined upward at an angle of 45-55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact part, and thus a sensor pin, which is inserted into the tibial in order to mount a sensor during knee arthroplasty using a robot, can be prevented from damaging the peroneal nerve passing the outer side of the tibial during the insertion thereof.

Description

Tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee arthroplasty

[0001] The present invention relates to a tibial sensor pin insertion guide used in robotic knee joint replacement surgery, and more particularly, to a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery that can prevent a sensor pin inserted into the tibia for sensor attachment from damaging the peroneal nerve on the outside of the tibia.

[0002] Among the countless joints that make up the body, the knee joint is the joint that connects the tibia and femur. It is located between the lower part of the femur, the upper part of the tibia, and the back of the patella (kneecap), and has the function of bending the leg backward at the knee.

[0003] When the knee joint loses its function due to arthritis or trauma, a knee replacement surgery is performed to replace the destroyed joint with an artificial joint replacement to allow the knee joint to perform its normal function.

[0004] Conventional knee joint replacement surgery is performed through collaboration between the surgeon and assistant.

[0005] In contrast, robotic joint replacement surgery is a surgery that involves preoperative planning, the condition of the joint during surgery, and the removal of arthritic bone fragments during surgery, all performed with a robot.

[0006] Therefore, the robot must evaluate the patient's knee joint condition in real time during surgery, and to make this possible, the robot sensors must be mounted on the patient's femur and tibia respectively.

[0007] These robotic sensors are mounted on pins that are drilled into the femur and tibia, respectively.

[0008] The problem is that there is a possibility of nerve damage during the process of inserting the pin into the tibia. Specifically, the peroneal nerve runs along the outer side of the tibia, and if the pin to which the sensor is attached is inserted parallel to the tibia's cross-section, there is a possibility that the tip of the pin could damage the peroneal nerve.

[0009] In particular, since the guides used previously are made of thin plates that do not reflect the anatomical characteristics of the tibia, as shown in Fig. 1, it is difficult to avoid this risk.

[0010] The present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery, which is manufactured to reflect the anatomical structure of the tibia, thereby preventing the sensor pin inserted into the tibia to attach a sensor when performing knee joint replacement surgery using a robot from damaging the nasal nerve passing through the outer side of the tibia during the insertion process.

[0011] In order to solve the above-described problem, the tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement according to the present invention comprises: a tibial contact portion formed such that the bottom surface contacting the medial slope of the tibia is inclined upward at 30 to 40 degrees on both sides with respect to the center line; and a first pin insertion tube formed to penetrate the posterior side of the tibial contact portion and inclined upward at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact portion.

[0012] Meanwhile, the present invention further comprises a support member having a front side penetrated by the upper portion of the first pin insertion tube; and a second pin insertion tube provided to penetrate the rear side of the support member, but provided in parallel with the first pin insertion tube.

[0013] Here, the distance between the first pin insertion tube and the second pin insertion tube is 4 to 5 cm.

[0014] And, the tibial contact portion and the support are parallel.

[0015] Additionally, the tibial contact portion is 7 to 8 cm long.

[0016] The tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery of the present invention, configured as described above, reflects the anatomical structure of the tibia by inclining the bottom surface of the tibial contact portion at an angle of 30 to 40 degrees, and inclining the first and second pin insertion canals at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees, so that when the sensor pin is inserted into the tibia through the first and second pin insertion canals, there is an advantage in that the peroneal nerve on the outside of the tibia can be prevented from being damaged by the tip of the sensor pin.

[0017] Figure 1 is a simple drawing showing the use of a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement according to the prior art.

[0018] Figures 2 and 3 are drawings showing a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery according to the present invention.

[0019] Figures 4 to 6 are drawings showing the use of a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery according to the present invention.

[0020] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a simple usage of a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement according to the prior art, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement according to the present invention.

[0022] And, FIGS. 4 to 6 are drawings showing the use of a tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery according to the present invention.

[0023]

[0024] The tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery according to the present invention comprises a tibial contact portion (10), a first pin insertion tube (20) integrally provided at the rear of the tibial contact portion (10), a support (30) integrally provided at the upper end of the first pin insertion tube (20), and a second pin insertion tube (40) integrally provided at the rear of the support (30).

[0025]

[0026] The above tibial contact portion (10) has a bottom surface that contacts the inner slope (T1) of the tibia (T), and its overall shape is configured as a bar shape with a pentagonal cross-section that is long in the front-back direction.

[0027] Anatomically, the tibia (T) has an inclined surface (T1) on its medial side. As shown in Fig. 1, when a sensor pin insertion guide (G) in the form of a flat plate is placed against the inclined surface (T1) on the medial side of the tibia (T) and then a sensor pin (P) is inserted, the tip of the sensor pin may damage the peroneal nerve (F) located on the outer side of the tibia (T).

[0028] In order to solve such conventional problems, the present invention forms the bottom of the tibial contact portion (10) to be inclined upward, and more specifically, the bottom is formed to be inclined upward by 30 to 40 degrees on both sides with respect to the center line of the tibial contact portion (10). In addition, considering the diameter of the tibia (T), etc., the length of the tibial contact portion (10) is formed to be approximately 7 to 8 cm.

[0029]

[0030] The above first pin insertion tube (20) is in the form of a straight pipe, and its lower part penetrates the rear side of the tibia contact portion (10). The sensor pin (P) passes along the inside of the first pin insertion tube (20) and its lower part is inserted into the tibia (T).

[0031] This first pin insertion tube (20) is provided to be inclined upward at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact portion (10). Since the first pin insertion tube (20) is formed to be inclined at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the tibial contact portion (10), as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 5, the sensor pin (P) is positioned further from the upper cross-section of the tibia (T) than when the first pin insertion tube (20) is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact portion (10). Therefore, there is an advantage in that the robot arm can be minimized from being interfered with by the sensor (S) during the procedure.

[0032]

[0033] In detail, the sensor pin (P) should generally be positioned at least 10 cm downward from the top of the tibia (T) so that the robot arm is less disturbed. However, as in the present invention, when the first pin insertion tube (20) is inclined upward at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibia contact portion (10), even if the insertion point of the sensor pin (P) into the tibia (T) is positioned 10 cm inside from the top of the tibia (T), the sensor (S) mounted on the end of the sensor pin (P) is positioned 10 cm outside from the top of the tibia (T), so that the robot arm is minimized from being disturbed by the sensor (S).

[0034]

[0035] And as described above, the bottom surface of the tibial contact portion (10) is formed to be inclined at an angle of 30 to 40 degrees, and the sensor pin (P) passes through the inside of the first pin insertion tube (20) while the inclined bottom surface of the tibial contact portion (10) is maintained in close contact with the inner slope (T1) of the tibia (T). Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the sensor pin (P) does not face the peroneal nerve (F) on the outside of the tibia (T), but advances toward a point far from the peroneal nerve (F), thereby fundamentally blocking the possibility of damage to the peroneal nerve (F) by the sensor pin (P).

[0036]

[0037] The above support (30) is in the form of a thin plate with a constant thickness, and the front part is penetrated by the upper part of the first pin insertion tube (20).

[0038] These supports (30) are positioned higher than the tibial contact area (10), but are positioned in a straight line with the tibial contact area (10) and at the same time parallel to it.

[0039]

[0040] The second pin insertion tube (40) is a straight pipe shape that is shorter than the first pin insertion tube (20), and its upper portion penetrates the rear side of the support (30). The sensor pin (P) passes along the inside of the second pin insertion tube (40) and its lower portion is inserted into the tibia (T).

[0041] Since this second pin insertion tube (40) is provided parallel to the first pin insertion tube (20), the second pin insertion tube (40) is also provided to be inclined upward at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact portion (10).

[0042] In addition, the distance between the first pin insertion tube (20) and the second pin insertion tube (40) is 4 to 5 cm. Accordingly, the distance between the sensor pin inserted into the tibia (T) through the first pin insertion tube (20) and the sensor pin inserted into the tibia (T) through the second pin insertion tube (40) is also 4 to 5 cm.

Claims

1. A tibial contact portion (10) formed with the bottom surface in contact with the inner slope (T1) of the tibia (T) inclined upward by 30 to 40 degrees to both left and right based on the center line; A first pin insertion tube (20) provided to penetrate the rear side of the tibial contact portion (10) and inclined upward at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tibial contact portion (10); A support (30) whose front side is penetrated by the upper part of the first pin insertion tube (20); It is configured to include a second pin insertion tube (40) that is provided to penetrate the rear side of the above support (30) and is provided parallel to the first pin insertion tube (20); A tibial sensor pin insertion guide for robotic knee joint replacement surgery, characterized in that the tibial contact portion (10) has a length of 7 to 8 cm.

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